CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="no-js" lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W3ZV');</script>  <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials | Cancer Research UK</title> <script charset="UTF-8" src="//cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-domain-script="81232513-709c-4b95-8a41-a4b812c22fdc" async=""></script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon.ico" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.woff" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.woff2" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.woff2" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.woff2" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/progress/Progress-Regular.woff" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link href="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/Poppins-Regular.woff2" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin="1" /> <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" hreflang="en-gb" /> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Organization", "additionalType": "NGO", "@id": "https://www.cancerresearchuk.org", "name": "Cancer Research UK", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "2 Redman Place", "addressRegion": "London", "postalCode": "E20 1JQ", "addressCountry": "UK" }, "telephone": "03001234452", "url": "https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/", "sameAs": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_Research_UK", "https://www.youtube.com/cancerresearchuk", "https://en-gb.facebook.com/cancerresearchuk", "https://twitter.com/CR_UK", "https://www.instagram.com/cr_uk", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/cancer-research-uk" ], "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/cruk-logo.svg" }, "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "representativeOfPage": "True", "url": "https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/cruk-logo.svg" } } ] }</script> <meta name="description" content="How long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/node/60011" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Cancer Research UK" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" /> <meta property="og:description" content="How long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials" /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-11-21T16:59:26+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="How long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2014-10-21T15:22:02+01:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-21T16:59:26+00:00" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/manifest.json"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ec008c"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/favicons/favicons/browserconfig.xml" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="CRUK"> <meta name="application-name" content="CRUK"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/system/system.base.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/system/system.menus.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/system/system.messages.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/system/system.theme.css?"); </style> <style>@font-face{font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500";font-display:swap;src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.eot");src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.woff") format("woff"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-500.ttf") format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-700";font-display:swap;src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.eot");src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.woff") format("woff"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSansRounded-700.ttf") format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"MuseoSans-500";font-display:swap;src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.eot");src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.woff") format("woff"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-500.ttf") format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"MuseoSans-700";font-display:swap;src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-700.eot");src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-700.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-700.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-700.woff") format("woff"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/museo/MuseoSans-700.ttf") format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:"Progress";font-display:swap;src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/progress/Progress-Regular.woff")}@font-face{font-family:'CRUKIcons';src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.eot");src:url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.eot#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.woff") format("woff"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.ttf") format("truetype"),url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/fonts/cruk-icons/CRUKIcons.svg#CRUKIcons") format("svg");font-weight:normal;font-style:normal}.cr-i{display:inline-block;font:normal normal normal 14px/1 CRUKIcons;font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;speak:none}.cr-i--chevron-down:before{content:"\e905"}body{font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0}.container{max-width:960px}*,*:before,*:after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.inner{width:auto;margin:0}@media screen and (min-width: 981px){.inner{width:940px;margin:0 auto}}@media screen and (max-width: 480px){.wrapper{overflow:visible}}@media screen and (min-width: 981px){.wrapper{overflow:hidden;padding-top:0}}/*! normalize.css v2.1.3 | MIT License | git.io/normalize */article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}[hidden],template{display:none}html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}a{background:transparent}a:focus{outline:thin dotted}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}h1{font-size:2em;margin:0.67em 0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bold}dfn{font-style:italic}hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace, serif;font-size:1em}pre{white-space:pre-wrap}q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-0.5em}sub{bottom:-0.25em}img{border:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}figure{margin:0}fieldset{border:1px solid #c0c0c0;margin:0 2px;padding:0.35em 0.625em 0.75em}legend{border:0;padding:0}button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}button,input{line-height:normal}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}input[type="search"]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}.container{width:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}html{line-height:1.5}body{background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#333}h1{font-size:28px;line-height:1em}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){h1{font-size:23.996px;line-height:1.08em}}h2{font-size:21px;line-height:1.1em}main>h1{clear:both;margin-top:0;padding:15px 0 20px 10px}h1,h2{margin:0 0 .5em;color:#333}h2 a:link{text-decoration:none}p{margin:0 0 1em}header{overflow:hidden}input,button{white-space:normal}a:link{color:#2E008B}.more{margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.more a{background:transparent url("/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/pink-arrow.png") no-repeat 0 center;color:#e40085;text-decoration:none;padding-left:15px;font-weight:bold}input[type="submit"]{padding:11px 20px;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-700","MuseoSans-700","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-size:16.002px;line-height:1.125em;text-align:center;color:#fff;background-color:#e40085;border:none;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}.button{text-align:center;margin:.5em auto;display:inline-block}.secondary-button a {padding: 11px 10px;text-decoration: none !important;font-family: "MuseoSansRounded-700","MuseoSans-700","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-size: 16px;line-height: 21px;text-align: center;color: #e40085;background-color: #ffffff;border: 1px solid #e40085;border-radius: 3px}.button a{padding:11px 20px;text-decoration:none !important;display:block;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-700","MuseoSans-700","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-size:16.002px;line-height:1.125em;text-align:center;color:#fff;background-color:#e40085;border:none;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}.site-slogan{color:#2E008B}.lazyloader-icon{position:absolute;z-index:200}.lazyloader-icon{border:3px solid #E4E4E4;border-radius:50%;border-top:3px solid #00b6ed;width:20px;height:20px;-webkit-animation:spin 2s linear infinite;animation:spin 2s linear infinite;display:block;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;margin-left:-10px;margin-top:-10px}.siteinfo{background-color:#fff;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:0}.siteinfo a{text-decoration:none}a.mhead-right{text-decoration:none}a.mhead-right:link,a.mhead-right:visited{padding:11px 20px;background-color:#e40085;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;text-align:center;color:#fff;font-size:16.002px;line-height:1.125em;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-700","MuseoSans-700","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif}a.mhead-right:focus,a.mhead-right:hover,a.mhead-right:active{background-color:#F033A3}.site-slogan{font-size:1.7em;line-height:1.4em;font-family:"Progress","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;margin-bottom:0;color:#000}.site-slogan>a:hover,.site-slogan>a:visited{text-decoration:none;color:#2E008B}.page-node-64706 .siteinfo .mhead-right{display:none}#breadcrumb{background-color:#f5f5f5}#breadcrumb .breadcrumb{font-size:.833em;display:inline;color:#333}@media screen and (max-width: 480px){#breadcrumb{padding:9px 10px 0}}@media screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px){#breadcrumb{padding:9px 20px 0}}@media screen and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px){#breadcrumb{padding:9px 45px 0}}@media screen and (min-width: 801px) and (max-width: 980px){#breadcrumb{padding:11px 20px 0}}@media screen and (min-width: 981px){#breadcrumb{padding:13px 20px 0}}.in-maintenance .siteinfo{padding-bottom:10px}.in-maintenance #footer-txt{display:none}#dd-searchform{display:flex}#dd-searchform>input{box-sizing:border-box}#cruk-search{font-size:16px;padding:0 0 0 5px}#cruk-search .search{height:40px;width:145px;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;border:2px solid #C8C8C8;border-right-width:0;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;padding:1px 0 0 1em}#cruk-search .search::placeholder{color:#C8C8C8}#cruk-search .searchsubmit{border:2px solid #C8C8C8;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0;border-left-width:0;background-color:#fff;color:#C8C8C8}#cruk-search .search:focus{border-color:#00B6ED;outline-width:0}#cruk-search .search:focus+.searchsubmit{border-color:#00B6ED;color:#2E008B}header{background-color:#fff}.header-region{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;background-color:#fafafa}.header-region nav{display:none}.megamenu{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border:none;padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-weight:500;list-style:none}.megamenu p{margin:0}.megamenu .clear-fix{float:none;clear:both;margin:0;padding:0;height:0;font-size:0;line-height:0}.megamenu>li>div{display:none}.mm-item>p{display:flex;height:60px}.mm-item-link:link,.mm-item-link:visited{color:#2E008B;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-weight:500;font-size:17px;text-decoration:none;padding:0 5px;line-height:20px;z-index:10;display:flex;align-items:center;border-left:1px solid transparent}.mm-item-link:link+.cr-i,.mm-item-link:visited+.cr-i{color:#A7A8AA;display:flex;align-items:center;border-right:1px solid transparent;padding-right:5px}.mm-item-link:last-child{border-right:1px solid transparent}.mm-item-link-hover:link,.mm-item-link-hover:visited{color:#e40085;padding-right:5px;border-color:#e3e3e3;z-index:1001}.mm-item-link-hover:link+.cr-i,.mm-item-link-hover:visited+.cr-i{color:#e40085;border-color:#e3e3e3}.mm-item.selected p>.mm-item-link.mm-item-link,.mm-item.selected p>.cr-i--chevron-down{color:#e40085}.mm-item-content{background-color:#fafafa;border:1px solid #e3e3e3;height:auto;margin-top:1px;position:absolute;z-index:101}.list-content,.list-content ul{padding:0;list-style:none}.toplevel{color:#2E008B;padding:12px 0 5px 20px;width:187px;float:left}.toplevel>p{font-size:14px;line-height:17px}.toplevel>p a{text-decoration:none;color:#2E008B}.toplevel>ul{height:auto;padding:10px 0 0}.toplevel li{margin-bottom:10px}.level3:link,.level3:visited{color:#333;text-decoration:none;font-size:14px;font-weight:normal;line-height:18px;padding-top:0}.level3:hover{color:#e40085}.cruk-logo img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}#masthead_table{display:none !important}#mobile-rebrand-wrapper{display:block}@media screen and (min-width: 980px){#masthead_table{display:block !important}#mobile-rebrand-wrapper{margin:0 -16px;display:none}}.skip-link{width:100%}.skip-link .element-focusable:focus{position:absolute !important}#main-content:focus{outline:none !important}#mobile-navbar-container{background-color:#FAFAFA}#mobile-rebrand-wrapper #mobile-navbar-container>ul{margin-top:0;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;height:50px;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3}#mobile-rebrand-wrapper #mobile-navbar-container>ul li{display:flex;align-items:center}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){#top-page,#cruk-search,.site-slogan{display:none}.cruk-logo{padding-left:45px}.mhead-right{margin-right:45px}.siteinfo{padding-top:17px;padding-bottom:17px}}@media screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 800px){.site-slogan{display:none}}@media screen and (max-width: 480px){.cruk-logo{flex-basis:40%;padding-left:17px}.mhead-right{margin-right:15px}}@media screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px){.cruk-logo{padding-left:20px;width:140px}.mhead-right{margin-right:20px}}@media screen and (min-width: 800px) and (max-width: 980px){.cruk-logo{margin-left:20px}#cruk-nav{padding-left:20px}.mhead-right{margin-right:20px}#cruk-search{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width: 800px){.siteinfo{margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:17px}}.panel-related-row:before,.panel-related-row:after{content:" ";display:table}.panel-related-row:after{clear:both}.pane-promo,.feed-list,.pane-img-text,.pane-bundle-two-column-multi-alignment{background-color:#fff}.grey-panel{background-color:#e3e3e3}.blue-panel img,.white-panel img,.grey-panel img,.pane-show-hide img,.feed-list img,.pane-promo img,.pane-img-text img,.pane-bundle-two-column-multi-alignment img{width:100%;height:auto}.pane-bundle-donation-pane{display:none;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center}.pane-bundle-donation-pane.visible{display:block}.pane-bundle-donation-pane fieldset{padding:0;margin:0;border:0}.pane-bundle-donation-pane:after{display:none}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content{color:#fff;height:320px;margin-bottom:20px;text-align:center}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content:before{content:"";display:inline-block;height:100%;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:-0.25em}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form{height:100%;display:block;padding:1em;position:relative}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form>div{height:100%}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content h2{color:#fff;font-size:1.86em;line-height:1.1em;margin-bottom:.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:260px}@media screen and (min-width: 800px){.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content h2{line-height:1.4em;margin-bottom:.35em;max-width:600px}}.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content .form-radios label{display:inline}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane{background-repeat:no-repeat;border-radius:0;background-color:#2E008B}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content:before{display:none}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form{height:100%;display:block;padding:1em;position:relative}@media screen and (min-width: 641px){.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form{float:right}}@media screen and (min-width: 801px){.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form{width:38%}}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form>div{height:100%}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content form>div:before{content:"";display:inline-block;height:100%;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:-0.25em}.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .form-steps{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom;margin-bottom:.5em}@media screen and (min-width: 641px){.homepage .pane-bundle-donation-pane .form-steps{vertical-align:middle}}.direct-donation-v2-pane.pane-bundle-donation-pane{display:block;background-position:30%}@media screen and (min-width: 800px){.direct-donation-v2-pane.pane-bundle-donation-pane{background-position:left}}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct-donation-v2-pane.pane-bundle-donation-pane{background-position:15%}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .branding-content{height:100%;width:100%;padding:1em;display:table}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .branding-content{padding-bottom:1em;width:63%}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .branding-content .branding-content-inner{display:table-cell;padding-bottom:0;vertical-align:bottom}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .branding-content .branding-content-inner{padding:0 25% 0 0}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-heading{font-size:22px;line-height:normal;text-shadow:0 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.75);width:100%;padding:0 0 .5em;margin-bottom:0;max-width:100%;text-align:center;letter-spacing:.03em}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-heading{font-size:26px;line-height:28px;text-align:left;padding:0 0 7% 5%}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-subheading{display:none}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .direct-donation-v2-form{background-color:#fff;border-radius:0;z-index:1;display:block;margin-bottom:20px;padding:2em;position:relative;float:left;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .direct-donation-v2-form{float:none;padding:1em;position:absolute;top:3em;right:6em;max-width:calc(28% - 2em);margin-bottom:0}}@media screen and (max-width: 800px) and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .direct-donation-v2-form{top:2em;right:2em;max-width:calc(33% - 2em)}}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .branding-content{padding-bottom:1em;width:67%}}.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-heading{padding:0 0 .5em;margin-bottom:0}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-heading{font-size:26px;line-height:40px;text-align:left;padding:0 0 0 20%}}.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-subheading{display:block;font-size:16px}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .donate-panel-subheading{font-size:18px;text-align:left;margin-left:20%}}.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .direct-donation-v2-form{margin-bottom:0}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.homepage .direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .direct-donation-v2-form{right:2em;top:2em}}@media screen and (max-width: 640px){.direct-donation-v2-pane.pane-bundle-donation-pane .pane-content:before{display:none}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form{padding:0;width:100%;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;display:block}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form{float:right}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form>div:before{display:none}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type input[name="donation_type"]{position:fixed;opacity:0}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type div{width:47%;display:inline-block;font-size:20px}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type div{font-size:14px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type label{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #2E008B;color:#2E008B;display:block;font-weight:normal;padding:12px}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type label{padding:8px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type label:hover,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type label:focus{background-color:#2E008B !important;color:#fff;cursor:pointer}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type input[name="donation_type"]:checked+label{color:#fff;background-color:#2E008B}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-donation-type{display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div{display:flex;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;width:100%;color:#2E008B;background-color:#fff;margin-right:5%}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div div:last-child,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div div:last-child{margin-right:0px}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div input,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div input{position:fixed;opacity:0}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div div{width:47%;display:inline-block;font-size:20px}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div div{font-size:14px}}@media screen and (max-width: 638px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div div{padding-top:30px;display:inline-block}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div label,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div label{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #e3e3e3;color:#2E008B;display:block;font-weight:normal;padding:12px}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div label,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div label{padding:4px 0px 4px 0px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div label:hover,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div label:focus,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div label:hover,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div label:focus{background-color:#2E008B !important;color:#fff;cursor:pointer}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div input:checked+label,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div input:checked+label{color:#fff;background-color:#2E008B}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single div{padding:9px 0;font-size:inherit}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single>div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly>div{border:none}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-single>div,.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-monthly>div{padding:9px 0;font-size:inherit}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .amount-separator{font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-size:20px;margin-bottom:5%;color:#2E008B}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .amount-separator{font-size:16px}}@media screen and (max-width: 638px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .amount-separator{padding-top:15px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .pound-symbol{position:absolute;font-size:20px;margin:13px 0 0 12px;color:#2E008B;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .pound-symbol{font-size:18px;margin:8px 0 0 12px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-amount-other{width:100%;padding:14px 10px 14px 35px;font-size:20px;color:#2E008B;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;border:2px solid #e3e3e3}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-amount-other{padding:10px 10px 10px 35px;font-size:15px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-amount-other:focus{border-color:#e40085;outline:0}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-amount-other::placeholder{font-size:20px;color:#C8C9C7;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form #edit-amount-other::placeholder{font-size:15px}}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .input-other-amnt-wrapper{float:none;display:block;position:relative}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .submit-btn{width:100%;height:50px;font-family:"MuseoSansRounded-500","MuseoSans-500","Arial","Helvetica",sans-serif;font-size:20px;color:#fff;background:#e40085;margin:10% 0 0 0;padding:0}.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .submit-btn:hover{background:#F033A3}@media screen and (min-width: 640px){.direct_donation_v2#cruk-donate-donation-pane-form .submit-btn{font-size:16px;height:42px}}fieldset{-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #e3e3e3;background-color:#fff;margin:0 0 20px 0;padding:15px 20px 20px;clear:both} /*# sourceMappingURL=critical.css.map */ </style> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.theme.min.css?"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/aggregator/aggregator.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_gc_timeline/css/grand_challenge_timeline.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/field/theme/field.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/geofield_gmap/geofield_gmap.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/node/node.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/rate_this/css/rate_this.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/rate_this/widgets/pinkstar/pinkstar.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/search/search.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/modules/user/user.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/extlink/css/extlink.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/views/css/views.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/ctools/css/ctools.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels/css/panels.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/layouts/20_60_20_cancer_information_standard/20_60_20_cancer_information_standard.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/date/date_api/date.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/fivestar/css/fivestar.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/honeypot/honeypot.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_donate/selectmenu/jquery.ui.selectmenu.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/node_embed/plugins/node_embed/node_embed.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_taxonomy_glossary/css/cruk_taxonomy_glossary.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/hide_submit/css/hide_submit.css?"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/tabs_to_accordion.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/style.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/cruk.menus.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/mobile.menu.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/slick.css?"); </style> <style media="print"> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/css/print.css?"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_31.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_131.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_156.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_196.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_201.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_206.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_211.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_226.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_241.css?"); </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_251.css?" media="screen" /> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_261.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_276.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_281.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_291.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_296.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_306.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_361.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_371.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_376.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_426.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_441.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_456.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_461.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_466.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_471.css?"); </style> <style media="screen"> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_516.css?"); </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_561.css?" /> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_576.css?"); </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_581.css?" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_610.css?" /> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_616.css?"); @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_617.css?"); </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_619.css?" /> <style> @import url("https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/default/files/css_injector/css_injector_620.css?"); </style> <script> window.CancerResearchUK = {}; </script>  </head> <body class="not-front no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-60011 node-type-cancer-information-standard-page show-lhn-children" >   <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W3ZV" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="top-page"> <div class="inner"> <div class="skip-link"><a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a></div> </div> </div> <header role="banner"> <div class="siteinfo inner"> <div class="cruk-logo"> <a href="/" title="Cancer Research UK Homepage" rel="home"> <img src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk_integrated_campaign/logo.svg" width="222" height="86" alt="Cancer Research UK Homepage" /> </a> </div> <p class="site-slogan">Together we are beating cancer</p> <div id="cruk-search"> <form action="https://find.cancerresearchuk.org/" id="dd-searchform"> <input type="hidden" value="1" name="siteid"> <input type="text" class="search" placeholder="Search" name="q" id="q"> <button aria-label="Search" name="searchsubmit" id="searchsubmit" class="searchsubmit"> <span class="cr-i cr-i--search"></span> </button> </form> </div> <a class="mhead-right" href="/get-involved/donate/">Donate</a> </div> <div class="header-region"> <div class="inner">  <div> <div id="cruk-nav"> <div id="masthead_table"> <ul class="megamenu" id="drupal-mdd"><li class="mm-item selected"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/" class="mm-item-link">About cancer</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="about-cancer-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type" class="level2">Cancer types</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer" class="level3">Breast cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bowel-cancer" class="level3">Bowel cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/lung-cancer" class="level3">Lung cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/prostate-cancer" class="level3">Prostate cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general" class="level2">Cancers in general</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-symptoms" class="level3">Symptoms</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/screening" class="level3">Screening</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/tests-and-scans" class="level3">Tests</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/treatment" class="level3">Treatment</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial" class="level3">Clinical trials</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer" class="level2">Causes of cancer</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer" class="level3">Smoking</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/alcohol-and-cancer" class="level3">Alcohol</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/diet-and-cancer" class="level3">Diet</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/bodyweight-and-cancer" class="level3">Obesity</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/sun-uv-and-cancer" class="level3">Sun and UV</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping-with-cancer" class="level2">Coping with cancer</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping-with-cancer/coping-physically/" class="level3">Managing symptoms and side effects</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping/mental-health-cancer" class="level3">Mental health and cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping-with-cancer/coping-practically/" class="level3">Money and travel</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/coping-with-cancer/dying/" class="level3">Death and dying</a></li><li><a href="https://cancerchat.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level3">Cancer Chat forum</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional" class="level2">Health Professionals</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics" class="level3">Cancer Statistics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/screening" class="level3">Cancer Screening</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/learning-and-support" class="level3">Learning and Support</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/learning-and-development-tools/nice-cancer-referral-guidelines" class="level3">NICE suspected cancer referral guidelines</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li><li class="mm-item"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved" class="mm-item-link">Get involved</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="get-involved-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate" class="level2">Donate</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate" class="level3">Make a donation</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate/donate-by-cancer-type" class="level3">By cancer type</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/leave-a-legacy-gift-in-your-will" class="level3">Leave a legacy gift</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate/donate-in-memory" class="level3">Donate in Memory</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-an-event" class="level2">Find an event</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://raceforlife.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level3">Race for Life</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-an-event/charity-runs" class="level3">Charity runs</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-an-event/charity-walks-treks-and-hikes" class="level3">Charity walks</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-an-event/search-results" class="level3">Search events</a></li><li><a href="http://relay.cancerresearchuk.org" class="level3">Relay For Life</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-an-event" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer" class="level2">Volunteer</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer/volunteer-in-our-shops" class="level3">Volunteer in our shops</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer/help-at-an-event" class="level3">Help at an event</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer/help-us-raise-money" class="level3">Help us raise money</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/how-to-cancer-campaign" class="level3">Campaign for us</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising" class="level2">Do your own fundraising</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising/fundraising-ideas" class="level3">Fundraising ideas</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising/get-fundraising-pack" class="level3">Get a fundraising pack</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising/return-your-money" class="level3">Return fundraising money</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising/target-your-fundraising" class="level3">Fundraise by cancer type</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising/practical-fundraising-help/set-up-a-cancer-research-uk-giving-page" class="level3">Set up a Cancer Research UK Giving Page</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/do-your-own-fundraising" class="level3">More...</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p>More...</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-a-shop" class="level3">Find a shop or superstore</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/become-a-partner" class="level3">Become a partner</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate/kids-and-teens" class="level3">Cancer Research UK for Children & Young People</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/we-are" class="level3">Our We Are campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li><li class="mm-item"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research" class="mm-item-link">Our research</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="our-research-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-type" class="level2">By cancer type</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-type/our-research-on-brain-tumours" class="level3">Brain tumours</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-type/our-research-on-skin-cancer" class="level3">Skin cancer</a></li><li><a href="/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-type/our-research-on-breast-cancer" class="level3">Breast cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-type" class="level3">All cancer types</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-subject" class="level2">By cancer topic</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-subject/our-research-on-clinical-trials" class="level3">New treatments</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-subject/our-research-on-cancer-biology" class="level3">Cancer biology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-subject/our-research-on-cancer-drugs" class="level3">Cancer drugs</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-by-cancer-subject" class="level3">All cancer subjects</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-near-you" class="level2">Near you</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-near-you/our-research-in-belfast" class="level3">Belfast</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-near-you/our-research-in-cardiff" class="level3">Cardiff</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-near-you/our-research-in-edinburgh" class="level3">Edinburgh</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/our-research-near-you" class="level3">All locations</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p>More...</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-progress" class="level3">Our achievements timeline</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-research-strategy" class="level3">Our research strategy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research/involving-animals-in-research" class="level3">Involving animals in research</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li><li class="mm-item"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers" class="mm-item-link">Funding for researchers</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="funding-for-researchers-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers" class="level2">Research opportunities</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/research-opportunities-in-basic-science-and-discovery-research" class="level3">For discovery researchers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/clinical-research" class="level3">For clinical researchers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/research-opportunities-in-population-and-behavioural-research" class="level3">For population researchers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/drug-discovery-and-development" class="level3">In drug discovery & development</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/research-opportunities-in-early-detection-and-diagnosis" class="level3">In early detection & diagnosis</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/opportunities-for-phd-students-and-postdoc-researchers" class="level3">For students & postdocs</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes?items_per_page=40" class="level2">Our funding schemes</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes/career-development-fellowship" class="level3">Career Development Fellowship</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes/discovery-programme-awards" class="level3">Discovery Programme Awards</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes/clinical-trial-award-0" class="level3">Clinical Trial Award</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes/biology-to-prevention-award" class="level3">Biology to Prevention Award</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes" class="level3">View all schemes and deadlines</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/applying-for-funding" class="level2">Applying for funding</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/applying-for-funding/start-your-funding-application-online" class="level3">Start your application online</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/applying-for-funding/how-to-make-a-successful-application" class="level3">How to make a successful application</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/applying-for-funding/funding-committees" class="level3">Funding committees</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/applying-for-funding/how-to-make-a-successful-application/successful-applicant-case-studies" class="level3">Successful applicant case studies</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/how-we-deliver-research" class="level2">How we deliver research</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-research-strategy" class="level3">Our research strategy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-research-infrastructure" class="level3">Our research infrastructure</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/research-events-and-conferences" class="level3">Events and conferences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/how-we-deliver-research/our-research-partnerships" class="level3">Our research partnerships</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/facts-and-figures-about-our-research-funding" class="level3">Facts & figures about our funding</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p>More...</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/patient-involvement-toolkit-for-researchers" class="level3">Patient involvement toolkit for researchers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/research-career-development-opportunities" class="level3">Develop your research career</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/how-we-deliver-research/recently-funded-awards" class="level3">Recently funded awards</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/manage-your-research-grant" class="level3">Manage your research grant</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/home/funding-for-researchers/manage-your-research-grant/tell-us-about-new-publications" class="level3">Notify us of new publications</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li><li class="mm-item"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/ways-to-shop" class="mm-item-link">Shop</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="shop-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/find-a-shop" class="level2">Find a shop</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/volunteer/volunteer-in-our-shops" class="level3">Volunteer in a shop</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/donate/donate-goods" class="level3">Donate goods to a shop</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/ways-to-shop/superstores" class="level3">Our superstores</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://shop.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level2">Shop online</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://shop.cancerresearchuk.org/pages/race-for-life" class="level3">Race for Life</a></li><li><a href="https://shop.cancerresearchuk.org/products/wedding-favours" class="level3">Wedding favours</a></li><li><a href="https://shop.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-care" class="level3">Cancer Care</a></li><li><a href="https://flowershop.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level3">Flower Shop</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.ebay.co.uk/str/ukcancerresearch" class="level2">Our eBay store</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.ebay.co.uk/str/ukcancerresearch/Dresses/_i.html?_storecat=13763243016" class="level3">Dresses</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ebay.co.uk/str/ukcancerresearch/Shoes-and-Boots/_i.html?_storecat=13763242016" class="level3">Shoes and boots</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ebay.co.uk/str/ukcancerresearch/Bags-Purses/_i.html?_storecat=13869673016" class="level3">Bags and purses</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li><li class="mm-item"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/" class="mm-item-link">About us</a><span class="cr-i cr-i--chevron-down"></span></p> <div style="width: 940px"> <ul class="list-content" id="about-us-menu"><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us" class="level2">What we do</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/our-research" class="level3">We beat cancer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/get-involved/how-your-support-helps" class="level3">We fundraise</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/we-develop-policy" class="level3">We develop policy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/global-role" class="level3">Our global role</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/our-organisation" class="level2">Our organisation</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/our-organisation/beating-cancer-sooner-our-strategy" class="level3">Our strategy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/how-we-are-run/our-trustees" class="level3">Our Trustees</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/how-we-are-run/chief-executive-and-executive-board" class="level3">CEO and Executive Board</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/our-organisation/how-we-spend-your-money" class="level3">How we spend your money</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/careers" class="level2">Careers</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/careers/early-in-career-opportunities" class="level3">Early careers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/careers/teams" class="level3">Our teams</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/careers/benefits" class="level3">Benefits</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p><a href="https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level2">Cancer news</a></p><ul><li><a href="https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/" class="level3">Cancer News</a></li><li><a href="https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/for-researchers/" class="level3">For Researchers</a></li><li><a href="https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/for-supporters/" class="level3">For Supporters</a></li></ul></li><li class="toplevel"><p>More...</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/contact-us" class="level3">Contact us</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/press-office" class="level3">Press office</a></li><li><a href="https://publications.cancerresearchuk.org" class="level3">Publications</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/contact-us/opt-in-form" class="level3">Update your contact preferences</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <noscript> <ul class="megamenu js-off">  <li class="mm-item"><p><a class="mm-item-link" href="/about-cancer">ABOUT CANCER</a></p></li>       <li class="mm-item"><p><a class="mm-item-link" href="/get-involved">GET INVOLVED</a></p></li>       <li class="mm-item"><p><a class="mm-item-link" href="/cancer-info">NEWS & RESOURCES</a></p></li>      <li class="mm-item"><p><a class="mm-item-link" href="/science">FUNDING & RESEARCH</a></p></li>       <li class="mm-item"><p><a class="mm-item-link" href="/about-us">ABOUT US</a></p></li>      </ul> </noscript>  </div> </div> <div id="breadcrumb"> <div class="inner"> <p class="element-invisible">You are here</p><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a><img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt="" /><a href="/about-cancer">About Cancer</a><img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt="" /><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Find a clinical trial</a><img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt="" /><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How clinical trials are planned and organised</a><img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/breadcrumb-arrow.png" alt="" />How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials</div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="page"> <div class="wrapper no-gutter container"> <main role="main" id="main-content" tabindex="-1">  <h1>How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials</h1> <div class="cancerinfo_stand_20_60_20" > <div class="column-middle-right no-gutter row-10-col col-md-10 col-md-push-2 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div class="column-middle col-md-7 col-sm-7 col-xs-10"> <div class="hero-section-narrow"> </div> </div> <div class="column-right col-md-3 col-sm-3 col-xs-10"> </div> <div class="column-middle col-md-7 col-sm-7 col-xs-10"> <div id="panel-3" class="panel-box ln-landing-body"> <div class="panel-pane pane-entity-field pane-node-body" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-text-with-summary"> <div class="field-item" property="schema:mainContentOfPage content:encoded"> <p>This page is about the things that can affect how long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials. There is information about</p> <p><a href="#testing">Drug testing and licensing</a><br /> <a href="#factors">Factors that affect how long trials take</a><br /> </p> <h2> <a id="testing" name="testing"></a>Drug testing and licensing</h2> <p>All new drugs and treatments have to be thoroughly tested before they are licensed and available for patients.</p> <p>A new drug is first studied in the laboratory. If it looks promising, it is carefully studied in people. It may be then licensed if the trial shows that it works well and doesn’t cause too many side effects. You may hear this process called ‘from bench to bedside’. </p> <p>There is no typical length of time it takes for a drug to be tested and approved. It might take 10 to 15 years or more to complete all <a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/what-clinical-trials-are/phases-of-clinical-trials">3 phases of clinical trials</a> before the licensing stage. But this time span varies a lot.</p> <p>There are many factors that affect how long it takes for a drug to be licensed.<br /> </p> <h2><a id="factors" name="factors"></a>Factors that affect how long trials take<br /> </h2> <h2>The type of cancer</h2> <p>Clinical trials for rarer cancers often take longer because there are fewer patients available to take part. Research teams from several different countries may need to work together so there are enough patients. This can mean the trial takes longer to organise and set up. International trials can often recruit people more quickly and so might be quicker in the long run.</p> <p>Researchers running clinical trials for more common cancers are generally able to find enough people to take part more easily.</p> <h2>The type of treatment</h2> <p>Trials that use new methods of giving treatment, such as a new way to give radiotherapy for example, may take longer to set up and run. This is because the research teams need specialist equipment and extra training. These trials may only be able to run in a small number of hospitals compared to trials using standard ways of giving treatment. </p> <p>How long treatment takes can also affect the results. It is likely to be quicker to get results for a trial looking at a single dose or short course of treatment. This is in comparison to a treatment that lasts for months or even years.</p> <h2>The type of trial</h2> <p>Some trials look at treatments to prevent cancer or ways of screening for cancer. Screening means testing for cancer in people who don’t have any signs or symptoms.</p> <p>People who join screening or prevention trials haven’t been diagnosed with cancer. The research team will often want to follow them for many years to see who develops cancer and who doesn’t.</p> <p>In people who have a high risk of developing cancer, they may then compare the different trial groups to see if a particular treatment can help prevent cancer. Or whether a test can help to diagnose it early.</p> <p>These trials often take a long time to get results compared to treatment trials. It can take years to see a clear difference in the number of people in the different groups who go on to develop cancer.</p> <h2>The number of patients needed</h2> <p>Experts in statistics look at what the research team want to find out and the design of the trial. They then work out how many patients need to take part in the trial. If there aren’t enough patients taking part, the results may not be reliable. </p> <h2>The follow up period</h2> <p>As part of a trial, research teams look at how well people are doing for some time after they have treatment. This is to see how well the treatment works over a longer period of time. And to find out more about long term side effects.</p> <p>Follow up periods can range from a few months to more than 10 years. This depends on the type of treatment and the group of patients. Follow up might be longer for a trial looking at screening or prevention.</p> <h2>Any problems with the new treatment</h2> <p>There may be problems with new drugs or treatments that the researchers don't know about until they run the trials. There could be unexpected side effects or reactions to treatment. Or there may be difficulties in giving the treatment to patients.</p> <p>Problems with the new treatment may mean the trial takes longer to complete.</p> <h2>Related information</h2> <p>We have information about </p> <p><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial">Find a clinical trial</a></p> <p><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/clinical-trial-results/how-clinical-trial-results-are-used">Clinical trial results</a></p> <p><a href="/about-cancer/what-is-cancer/understanding-statistics-in-cancer-research">Understanding statistics in cancer research</a></p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="panel-5"> <div class="panel-pane pane-entity-field pane-node-field-section-reviewed section-review-date" > <h2 class="pane-title">Last reviewed</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-datetime"> <div class="field-item" property="schema:lastReviewed"><time property="schema:lastReviewed" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2022-02-01T00:00:00+00:00" datetime="2022-02-01T00:00:00+00:00">1 February 2022</time></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-right col-md-3 col-sm-3 col-xs-10"> <div id="panel-6"> <div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-uuid-10472ab3-99fd-4183-8e1b-d873b06cc8c1 pane-bundle-print-email-panels-pane" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class ="white-panel"><h2></h2><div class="fieldable-panels-pane"> <div class ="print-field"> <div class="field field-type-text"> <div class="field-item"><a class="print-text"> Print page</a></div> </div> </div><div class ="email-field"> <div class="field field-type-text"> <div class="field-item"><a class="email-text" href="mailto:?to= &subject=How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials &body=You may be interested in the following page:%0D%0A%0D%0AHow long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials %0D%0A%0D%0Ahttp://master-7rqtwti-hreqyzlibi4ac.uk-1.platformsh.site/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials%0D%0A%0D%0A">Email this page</a></div> </div> </div><div class ="link-field"> <div class="field field-type-link-field"> <div class="field-item"><a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/what-to-ask-your-doctor-about-clinical-trials">Questions to ask your doctor about clinical trials</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text-long"> <div class="field-item">Please note - unless we state otherwise in the summary, you need to talk to your doctor about joining a trial.</div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-fieldable-panels-pane pane-uuid-5c48684d-da2d-4ea0-bd45-6dced291305b pane-promo blue-panel" > <h2 class="pane-title">Search for clinical trials</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="fieldable-panels-pane"> <div class="field field-type-text-with-summary"> <div class="field-item"> <p>Use our search page to find a trial by cancer type, drug name or trial name </p> <p><span class="button"><a href="https://find.cancerresearchuk.org/clinical-trials">Search</a></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-left col-md-2 col-md-pull-10"> <div id="left-nav" class="left-nav"> <div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/about-cancer" class="active-trail">About Cancer</a></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-47726 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/cancer-symptoms" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Cancer symptoms</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-992331 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/cancer-symptoms/spot-cancer-early">Spot cancer early</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-520376 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/cancer-symptoms/talking-to-your-doctor">Talking to your doctor</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-47771 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Causes of cancer</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-46636 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/what-is-cancer" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">What is cancer?</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-48036 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/screening" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Screening</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail menu-mlid-40931 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished active-trail">Find a clinical trial</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-41326 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/what-clinical-trials-are" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">What clinical trials are</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-41346 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-to-find-a-clinical-trial" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How to find a clinical trial</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-41351 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-to-join-a-clinical-trial" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How to join a clinical trial</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-41366 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/what-you-should-be-told-about-a-clinical-trial" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">What you should be told about a clinical trial</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail menu-mlid-41406 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished active-trail">How clinical trials are planned and organised</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-41411 level-4"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-clinical-trials-are-funded" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How clinical trials are funded</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-41416 level-4"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-clinical-trials-are-approved" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How clinical trials are approved</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-41421 level-4"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-clinical-trials-are-supervised" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How clinical trials are supervised</a></li> <li class="last leaf active-trail active menu-mlid-41426 level-4"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished active-trail active">How long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-41431 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/clinical-trial-results" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Clinical trial results</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-41446 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/what-to-ask-your-doctor-about-clinical-trials" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">What to ask your doctor about clinical trials</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-41456 level-3"><a href="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/clinical-trial-organisations" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">Clinical trial organisations</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1077797 level-2"><a href="/childrens-cancer">Children’s cancers</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-48051 level-2"><a href="/about-cancer/cancer-symptoms/how-do-i-check-for-cancer" class="menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished menu-node-unpublished">How do I check for cancer?</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-549441 level-2"><a href="/welcome-to-cancer-chat">Welcome to Cancer Chat</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <div id="panel-8" class="panel rate-section"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-block-26" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="sponsorship footer"> <div class="sponsorship-image"> <img alt="Dangoor logo" class="info-icon" src="/sites/default/files/dangoor-logo.png" title="Dangoor Education" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <div class="sponsorship-text-wrapper"> About Cancer generously supported by <br class="break-sm-mobile" /><a class="ignore-external" href="http://dangooreducation.com/" title="Visit Dangoor Education">Dangoor Education</a> since 2010. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div> <div class="panel-pane pane-entity-field pane-node-field-fivestar-rate-this-page" > <h2 class="pane-title"> Rate this page:</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-type-fivestar"> <div class="field-item"><form class="fivestar-widget" action="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" method="post" id="fivestar-custom-widget" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="clearfix fivestar-average-text fivestar-user-stars fivestar-form-item fivestar-pinkstar"> <div> <div> <select id="edit-vote--2" name="vote" class="form-select"><option value="-">Select rating</option><option value="20">Give How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials 1/5</option><option value="40">Give How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials 2/5</option><option value="60">Give How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials 3/5</option><option value="80">Give How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials 4/5</option><option value="100">Give How long a new drug takes to go through clinical trials 5/5</option></select> <small><div class="fivestar-summary fivestar-summary-average-count"><span class="average-rating">Currently rated: <strong>3.1</strong> out of <strong>5</strong></span> <span class="total-votes"> based on <strong>81</strong> votes</span></div></small> </div> </div> </div><input class="fivestar-submit" type="submit" id="edit-fivestar-submit" name="op" value="Rate" /><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-4T1G2Aph3dthzbxIAjiGtkRYte_9BaMrfuGLCbdPScw" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="fivestar_custom_widget" /> </div></form></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-rate-this-rate-this-form" > <div class="pane-content"> <form action="/about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" method="post" id="rate-this-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="star-vote-thank-you-msg" id="rt-vote-thankyou">Thank you!</div><div class="vote-comment-header" id="rt-vote-comment">We've recently made some changes to the site, tell us what you think</div><div class="vote-comment-area" id="rt-comment-area"> <div> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper"><textarea id="edit-comment-area" name="comment_area" cols="60" rows="5"></textarea></div> </div> </div><div class="vote-comment-submit-btn" id="rt-submit-btn"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Send" /></div><input type="hidden" name="nid" value="60011" /> <input type="hidden" name="user_ip" value="64.252.66.7" /> <input type="hidden" name="page_title" value="How long it takes for a new drug to go through clinical trials" /> <input type="hidden" name="page_url" value="about-cancer/find-a-clinical-trial/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials" /> <div id="ajax-feedback-message"></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-dTTu1WEzo1upBbtWzF_KV4T0cchmNZIq1SSso_boORQ" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="rate_this_form" /> <input type="hidden" name="honeypot_time" value="1732695261|PSkQ8-NoJs9d7Q1cTFDa5Vbh8h_JWsdwarw4Owxv_Go" /> <div class="link-to-file-textfield"> <div> <label for="edit-link-to-file">Leave this field blank</label> <input autocomplete="off" type="text" id="edit-link-to-file" name="link-to-file" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" /> </div> </div></div></form></div> </div> </div> <div id="panel-9" class="panel"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-block-36" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="awards-two"> <ul> <li class="award pif"><a class="ignore-external" href="https://www.piftick.org.uk" title="Visit the Patient Information Forum"><img alt="Patient Information Forum" src="/sites/default/files/piftick-medium.png" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a></li> <li class="award pec"><a class="ignore-external" href=" http://www.plainenglish.co.uk/services/internet-crystal-mark.html" title="Visit the Plain English Campaign"><img alt="Plain English Campaign logo" src="/sites/default/files/pec-award.png" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mobile-nav"></div>  </main> </div> </div> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-links"> <div class="footer-links__list"> <h2>Speak to a nurse</h2> <ul> <li><a href="tel://0808 800 4040">Nurse Helpline<br>0808 800 4040</a></li> <li>Questions about cancer? Call freephone<br>9 to 5 Monday to Friday or <a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/contact-us/talk-to-our-nurses?secure=true">email us</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-links__list"> <h2>Quick links</h2><ul class="links"><li class="0 first"><a href="/get-involved/find-a-shop">Find local shops</a></li> <li class="1"><a href="https://shop.cancerresearchuk.org/?utm_source=cruk_footer">Shop online</a></li> <li class="2"><a href="/about-us/contact-us">Contact us</a></li> <li class="3 last"><a href="/about-us/charity-jobs">Jobs</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-links__icons"> <h2>Follow us</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/cancerresearchuk/"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/social_icons/facebook_icon.svg" width="40" height="40" alt="Like Cancer Research UK on Facebook"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/CR_UK"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/social_icons/twitter_icon.svg" width="40" height="40" alt="Follow Cancer Research UK on Twitter" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/cr_uk/"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/social_icons/instagram_icon.svg" width="40" height="40" alt="Follow Cancer Research UK on Instagram" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cancer-research-uk/"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/social_icons/linkedin_icon.svg" width="40" height="40" alt="Connect with Cancer Research UK on LinkedIn" /> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/cancerresearchuk"> <img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/social_icons/youtube_icon.svg" width="40" height="40" alt="Subscribe to Cancer Research UK on YouTube" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer-links"> <div class="footer-links__list--horizontal"> <ul class="links"><li class="0 first"><a href="/about-cancer/about-our-information">About our information</a></li> <li class="1"><a href="/about-us/utilities/terms-and-conditions">Terms and conditions</a></li> <li class="2"><a href="/about-us/utilities/privacy-statement">Privacy</a></li> <li class="3"><a href="/modern-slavery-transparency-statement">Modern Slavery Statement</a></li> <li class="4"><a href="/about-us/utilities/cookies-policy">Cookies</a></li> <li class="5"><a href="/about-us/utilities/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li class="6 last"><a href="/sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="awards" class="footer-secondary-content"> <a href="https://www.fundraisingregulator.org.uk/"><img src="/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/images/fund-reg.svg" alt="Registered with Fundraising Regulator (logo)" width="165" height="52" /></a> </div> <address class="footer-secondary-content">Cancer Research UK is a registered charity in England and Wales (1089464), Scotland (SC041666), the Isle of Man (1103) and Jersey (247). A company limited by guarantee. Registered company in England and Wales (4325234) and the Isle of Man (5713F). Registered address: 2 Redman Place, London, E20 1JQ.</address> </div> </footer> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/libraries/modernizr/modernizr-3.3.1.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/jquery/2.1/jquery.min.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script>jQuery.migrateMute=true;jQuery.migrateTrace=false;</script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/jquery-migrate/1/jquery-migrate.min.js?v=1"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/jquery.once.js?v=1.2"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/drupal.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.widget.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/external/jquery.cookie.js?v=67fb34f6a866c40d0570"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/clientside_validation/jquery.form.js?v=3.09"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.position.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/ui/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/form-single-submit.js?v=7.100"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/ajax.js?v=7.100"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/js/jquery_update.js?v=0.0.1"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/clientside_validation_rule_pword_match/js/clientside_validation_rule_pword_match.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_donate/js/cruk_donate.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_gc_timeline/js/jquery.kinetic.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_gc_timeline/js/timeline.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/entityreference/js/entityreference.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/geofield_gmap/geofield_gmap.js?"></script> <script type="text/plain" src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/resp_img/resp_img.js?" class="optanon-category-fun cruk-onetrust-blocked-scripts"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_config_fieldable_panels/js/cruk_config_fieldable_panels_print_email.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_config_fieldable_panels/js/cruk_config_fieldable_panels_geolocation.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/misc/progress.js?v=7.100"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/fivestar/js/fivestar.ajax.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/fivestar/js/fivestar.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_core_info/js/cruk_core_info.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_core_info/js/clipboard.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_image_gallery/js/slick.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_shine_night_walks/js/select-styling.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_donate/selectmenu/jquery.ui.selectmenu.js?v=1.3.0"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/cruk_onetrust/js/crukOneTrustPlaceholder.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/cruk_onetrust/js/crukOneTrustDynatrace.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/cruk_onetrust/js/crukOneTrustRefreshBlockedScripts.js?"></script> <script type="text/plain" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" class="optanon-category-tar cruk-onetrust-blocked-scripts"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_taxonomy_glossary/js/cruk_taxonomy_glossary.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/rate_this/js/script.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/extlink/js/extlink.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/hide_submit/js/hide_submit.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/bootstrap/bootstrap/collapse.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/bootstrap/bootstrap/dropdown.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/bootstrap/bootstrap/transition.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/bootstrap/bootstrap/carousel.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/packery.pkgd.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/slick.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/pure.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/jquery.mobile.custom.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/media.match.min.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/enquire.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/vendor/ios-orientationchange-fix.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/console.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/tabs_to_accordion.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/cruk-accordion.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/jquery.megamenu.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/script.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/jquery.mobile-rebrand.js?"></script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/themes/custom/cruk/scripts/interactive_timeline.js?"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"cruk","theme_token":"G_baaeGEtMyJiMTrlNraytKQODc3db2TKBXLnpeFX5g","jquery_version":"2.1","js":{"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_image_gallery\/js\/cruk_image_gallery.js":1,"0":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/modernizr\/modernizr-3.3.1.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/2.1\/jquery.min.js":1,"1":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery-migrate\/1\/jquery-migrate.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/clientside_validation\/jquery.form.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.position.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/form-single-submit.js":1,"misc\/ajax.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_update.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/clientside_validation_rule_pword_match\/js\/clientside_validation_rule_pword_match.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_donate\/js\/cruk_donate.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_gc_timeline\/js\/jquery.kinetic.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_gc_timeline\/js\/timeline.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/geofield_gmap\/geofield_gmap.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/resp_img\/resp_img.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_config_fieldable_panels\/js\/cruk_config_fieldable_panels_print_email.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_config_fieldable_panels\/js\/cruk_config_fieldable_panels_geolocation.js":1,"misc\/progress.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/fivestar\/js\/fivestar.ajax.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/fivestar\/js\/fivestar.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_core_info\/js\/cruk_core_info.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_core_info\/js\/clipboard.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_image_gallery\/js\/slick.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_shine_night_walks\/js\/select-styling.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_donate\/selectmenu\/jquery.ui.selectmenu.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/cruk_onetrust\/js\/crukOneTrustPlaceholder.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/cruk_onetrust\/js\/crukOneTrustDynatrace.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/cruk_onetrust\/js\/crukOneTrustRefreshBlockedScripts.js":1,"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_taxonomy_glossary\/js\/cruk_taxonomy_glossary.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/rate_this\/js\/script.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/js\/extlink.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/hide_submit\/js\/hide_submit.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/bootstrap\/bootstrap\/collapse.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/bootstrap\/bootstrap\/dropdown.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/bootstrap\/bootstrap\/transition.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/bootstrap\/bootstrap\/carousel.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/packery.pkgd.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/slick.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/pure.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/jquery.mobile.custom.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/media.match.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/enquire.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/vendor\/ios-orientationchange-fix.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/console.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/tabs_to_accordion.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/cruk-accordion.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/jquery.megamenu.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/script.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/jquery.mobile-rebrand.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/scripts\/interactive_timeline.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"0":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"modules\/aggregator\/aggregator.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_gc_timeline\/css\/grand_challenge_timeline.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/geofield_gmap\/geofield_gmap.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/rate_this\/css\/rate_this.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/rate_this\/widgets\/pinkstar\/pinkstar.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/css\/extlink.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/css\/panels.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/layouts\/20_60_20_cancer_information_standard\/20_60_20_cancer_information_standard.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_api\/date.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/fivestar\/css\/fivestar.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/rate_thispinkstar.css":1,"public:\/\/honeypot\/honeypot.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_donate\/selectmenu\/jquery.ui.selectmenu.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/node_embed\/plugins\/node_embed\/node_embed.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/cruk_taxonomy_glossary\/css\/cruk_taxonomy_glossary.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/hide_submit\/css\/hide_submit.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/mothership\/mothership\/css\/reset.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/mothership\/mothership\/css\/reset-html5.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/mothership\/mothership\/css\/mothership-default.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/mothership\/mothership\/css\/mothership.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/tabs_to_accordion.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/style.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/cruk.menus.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/mobile.menu.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/slick.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/content_panel.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/scroller.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/normalize.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/reset.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/reset-html5.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/mothership.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/mothership-default.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/mothership-devel-mediaqueries.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/custom\/cruk\/css\/print.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_31.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_131.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_156.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_196.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_201.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_206.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_211.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_226.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_241.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_251.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_261.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_276.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_281.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_291.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_296.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_306.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_361.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_371.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_376.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_426.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_441.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_456.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_461.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_466.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_471.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_516.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_561.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_576.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_581.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_610.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_616.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_617.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_619.css":1,"public:\/\/css_injector\/css_injector_620.css":1}},"respImg":{"default_suffix":"_breakpoint_one","current_suffix":false,"forceRedirect":"0","forceResize":"1","reloadOnResize":"0","useDevicePixelRatio":1,"suffixes":{"_breakpoint_two":640,"_breakpoint_three":480,"_breakpoint_four":320,"_breakpoint_one":1}},"hide_submit":{"hide_submit_status":true,"hide_submit_method":"disable","hide_submit_css":"hide-submit-disable","hide_submit_abtext":"","hide_submit_atext":"","hide_submit_hide_css":"hide-submit-processing","hide_submit_hide_text":"Processing...","hide_submit_indicator_style":"expand-left","hide_submit_spinner_color":"#000","hide_submit_spinner_lines":12,"hide_submit_hide_fx":false,"hide_submit_reset_time":5000,"hide_submit_button_selector":"#edit-actions \u003E #edit-submit, #edit-actions \u003E #edit-finish"},"ajax":{"edit-vote--2":{"callback":"fivestar_ajax_submit","event":"change","url":"\/system\/ajax","submit":{"_triggering_element_name":"vote"}},"edit-submit":{"callback":"rate_this_form_validate","wrapper":"ajax-feedback-message","effect":"fade","progress":{"message":null},"event":"mousedown","keypress":true,"prevent":"click","url":"\/system\/ajax","submit":{"_triggering_element_name":"op","_triggering_element_value":"Send"}}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/system\/ajax":true,"\/about-cancer\/find-a-clinical-trial\/how-clinical-trials-are-planned-and-organised\/how-long-it-takes-for-a-new-drug-to-go-through-clinical-trials":true},"extlink":{"extTarget":"_blank","extClass":"external","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":0,"extIconPlacement":0,"extSubdomains":1,"extExclude":"(twitter\\.com|facebook\\.com|addthis\\.com|cancerresearchuk\\.org|cruk\\.org|cruk01)","extInclude":"https:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/(sites\/default\/files\/*)","extCssExclude":".social-link,.ignore-external,.navbar,.cruk-nav,.footer-social,.about-cancer-footer-icons,.pane-node-field-landing-key-message","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":0,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site.","mailtoClass":0,"mailtoLabel":"(link sends e-mail)","extUseFontAwesome":0}});</script> <script src="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/sites/all/modules/custom/cruk_image_gallery/js/cruk_image_gallery.js?"></script> <script> function OptanonWrapper() { crukOneTrustUpdatePlaceholders(); crukOneTrustUpdateDynatrace(); crukOneTrustRefreshBlockedScripts(); }</script> </body> </html>