CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135ea89ae9bfdea',cH: '2KlQ0D8R2CvRHfb8uPci7u.JRtBG5mZ4biZkrTqmJDM-1739796763-1.2.1.1-_gV.JFYZkUVCZxMTckDH2zyQCZNOTVdZcwW0wt2Bx.XQMfDy2xwDEPIj7y667hWR',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=digestate&__cf_chl_tk=l4vuJIszWKSPxIVerPGy60XyS3_F.sLvI41fQXBRy1s-1739796763-1.0.1.1-A8Vt7k2.Y4591z1Sdn4IOX_jfMJwYUR4Pb2Ifif3yhc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739796763',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=digestate&__cf_chl_f_tk=l4vuJIszWKSPxIVerPGy60XyS3_F.sLvI41fQXBRy1s-1739796763-1.0.1.1-A8Vt7k2.Y4591z1Sdn4IOX_jfMJwYUR4Pb2Ifif3yhc",md: "QNJJu_7vwLCJdUijmVSlZt8wsjtNpnkg..8NGD7LTjM-1739796763-1.2.1.1-bkrgrYeNotwrJjb8vPa7z1dHJgQdpK.sHnUGjyy_GXIBF.jR52izdh.kZFjx3v0iG8a1rVFfv4yrphZV_hR4DJp.mBmo65wUHbJPxO9EulBDFYi2WBlTi5VnlwwX25.JZSHLnBqnjxUiX14JLnQvgx6.XVBuwwSlRZGN8YOSqG_kf1IBotq6oPD34opqex7RDGdggCcieeO9yhxfDk3.fLiCvy9LqBS6uDfViuHfxSmUXFZlJW320GUz.3X9XNSpOC.lSI8a.oAJi1nTDL6xGfXFpp8GgiYT.8cgUApBPvpWvM_Dz4JlTEoHnkAg8vSZb9Lm7pCfND6jdS3EjKzKEgY4cMqsqYi.CEjcgf6dcZ.JYX0cKStKDAARgR3hNeevBQ2.fO09NjEAjqUzNrCLLrS5rb8Znvq5NiOCh3yy9VEh6N8ep2BYC_TdRv6m7YGjwB5aYDdmVKe0h9aM4kbht3fBHZS_RAvzo8quBpdJLiDHSjFzZ8X7__zGU_q_tygDtafjmOXsOpFn22yeZJ7NWtnqUkZLqZCDf78vKIOod_To3gofMg8P4skpq2VCqJQR0ehQqcWuozCBO.ff9TIU0N_5Yp55spuzHf0bJTxzz3FfXSeUOFOSeHMnpNmaNLu0eon54uaBw2NqRPi0mIlLGID3vikeROobkdBYWT80630EKojXDGsI.t4VymGmT.IEXtuJo.jkSLOHqXjwgNLom_LpeWVsgxL3J8KZRXRqsrGtKqYoeRvCGPKp6krSA._g4z7yOgKjrYyY9c4.N9FpRIM93giQOQIu0OkA8YL9qddFirtTW1vgGPbVgVqoY16T64HTiZcyNcTwjzVjYzQnLqigYyFCNi.36YBQvTtl02K00yLn99U3LuH_I9L.K95MhqJVJF0jqVCmcv633FswjqRPdT6rzYk5Ph5_lIHW7L7HU9Tp4Rd7fDrTlwhFRxKp2tBNeH_5DHTXq3qX51mzai.NcHLDtJQFt3aLa9zs9ZmWkpMQUDnEgJoPYACO7YCCzBT_9M3pib4eNPvnouCQTLk2e2g1hVz_j8YtTrCWbNxZ.x7JHdANlTF.gEjxtiEwjyy14XeEKjr.0SpT7TbxlYcdqJ.wpbpv09DvLbIhyrzTwkCipHifBjQd5E9e1UEwDEzK4EWj5bwp5581oRGYz2LFRQdYUdB8.d_.NChS3WnDkD9SAqe93hgM2d830BS.YlNGRBhNiI1Wch0w7oHx0Oi4JAtyjpFmW_JKb9fGeppLuVAZPWt2kf8WRnkNpQARsfhhrctchLE1YoByvBniNGkmrifY1lH4SAzGO0CQiGT2ScJ8J2ym_OwoNGYwTM87q.0TfYMblvgRBWd33kUv8GuxOXMfKahpLM7QtdVw67Z0bSu_wIJaEXzgKgt3kfjLrjAgiL__hPxrVqPCFVCsaHq1cg4HFPesFJxFrP86mTClMf1sZz7_94aNVWxOwsoBoyPgPyEjgkv46U27.z_5kTGTXSrKt6HI8KotcExBMoBQ3T1sXjV1jgPQAhpc.yjWJNTxTMlz1JosO8WrQeI4TUzDIGUnq_TVFOEY5KjiWXcYHxftlAOIS7ilZSCRUNgGxY6ljGJdklfpXRt3rYpJuI2oVnCF6MFZASkDmXSG41Ig2wfiYer9oiuGV7F8yj7fB2DrKKcI40prRqfTL4VkaZmKJJVCApSEGFPoHLEvMKicuELxSXAvYJKfjOnfWNXoy7R2HFJYq1X5YhkUeL5XIxrrz.7K35J0GPniCgIiTpa8526r5NV6IFFcY9ohM50fipsKQskv_Y17QUEthHVvKYkssYqpeKUx4s.eEI2ZFuyuixt_fdXGmETdiJYQ3vjXiARlpUfpge0YFBE9b_AhkeU5Qspce.4Hf67QCM4su66QOKT.NtNaxa.E3N5P0kcnNOy1P0R3WZuXBMUOyEJ6Ig",mdrd: "Xpd3ROnzBVvSkyMAm4eKXRkTmg51ltlF83.3q0yJC04-1739796763-1.2.1.1-e4E37qZ.HIzyjDzYWts1g_Cq5UuuADbx3dwtmttZo__cFAQcBBHhqsjr5xQnmXaTr55Xo2QjUg1rb9MsdeSVbwzqv497jddtPDq1f.l9yuI9538VRfndyhiCW912eGSCV7ISi8lDnazWk8OY2QijNHujcVgzsUSoMhKU2FPQZUu_hB8Z1VdV66RyVC77GpuprvSdozTi.gNFh8C8ceERX2lyCuBytsRqqQLub.UevN.O55JP3UKViEo.XsOy3hgdTkENEzlr5d4WCKmbtgT3C5.lC2LIS.ptW_J9g.R.aK1FuVWP7CYS61MJaPWGbMVu.pWbVsyrY93rcxJbM2CS2NoFdumP2oz2jpR49unA6NeaWh_LReb3_1potEN2eUyNIw_Imzi_ub1Xa2bKPFT5NA6v0hQPVvbt2VP9DIDyR71ZqK0OAsDN19dxMd9IpeDPcnUm8W6LtuwMwARx5RBb64sWCE3dIEcUdiw0TMVqol7r2M6EZk_uhEDnlQ0hTrvVble_faIA7VMD0HIao80BjBIPXVZY4F9KkCFQ9WhufzJQy14IjpdRUMd0pYbrp5_b0n7Xo4VX3iLp8DMXVdopPe5ubJRoiBUdnPlzKkUMvGzlMSADVrlejumhR8zQ3UxxQScUwVycrSTqSmGavR5teeEOB7Gzly2xSNR5.uhCv_VGqqkz_5nInjOJghcmapyzGj5XaTde7xZlEbzWzTMrN6nYIDMMthzg_Z2KZIpqOTAb6NmqWQ1qIpI6ZY9Do39_zzSQDSSru70u5qviI_ddHtbW0AL47gWDO0cB_RmCplGYmFAb9JoETrQC56nCD_MvNUEWRsbJek3ZNFoXjDSKqFb5RVMQ7cDsHcPDgvtljz9zSHogvMg.SuTiRBaplzlZFVi8fZYGRTaRPLapBr8QRbXFq7PcN4EuWjsFMrX27V.pq6OVB.zoO63sBf9IkZAxzRWc9mWRtvlW_9pUNXanUYbdOteFllt4ipAeXYnmhZvb2P2rSrZQZLwOvrUJiK4VJx79n24tF5hA9kT4LiNcrQVEXu4x9HvI6mi2pOOQ0asfoXCuQe7d3uL6_JctRktw5e8KgA.MKPj3xSvTu8DX1X_9GkyQ.DiSWIl1wVIMq4YrVCRPa04QeD5b8cKLDu9EKojaPcp3WY5QTo2jISAKpcB5Q6fzJWfR_GnmUFX3vHpmFWK5wguFZMypDMT1RvfWFYSjDQG_wL.lB2mZoqLge5LPYjDoxJ2JVVMu7QU28viHqXqfOf87Wdxp.091EBjOZKKnBeciCFEa7Nmk2KFEfv0E8nyROlLJOYgophEMZ2UYdwQNY4b6zoOIEFpMzWIOfZJ07Sw8HaSSgN7ltcQG0KZtqKlLCY53P7d7G8amBhh1EUCsASPGS76L7CvYQmzYffKr4fqfxb1UbU83EySL0grVsGXMHSFmGHVQaR.5LlgEgHimEP87nY.6dp1nD.VyFwUMtcp0ZA60IHE1rSx1OgggRZfEbXUYvYi2vezL1rRbxDRip.xX5kEIgm8xEY.d_j9AHxnqFGY6duZX_ljBXnxDAGIdpbJV2FvPFr1eXkBTi2I.Pwtf3Ygto38glvlPQj42aD3cE42Q7M13ORt6tvh0O0pNHxJ_Ap2H5maL4cwACyoL90391nS044G5tpABMi1an8upIrJ1cgb4g9KGuTYlTrnOe9JPqs7BfXAcJyZAfrTzaT7.5dhtw5Ec9r0CuKqHruSrjJkAfvT7WGk.HYClTQwRcuAtt.i94_RIlG6rErv04hkdjdZCAQCxz_sZvjpVP45DkzdeJxNj15ER7lOurlHNqpbpZ88.qyK.LDFZXhSG9iFvDrYyKBmY1xjA8ik4mSb8s6FuX_B.SFnv6y3v24Y3lEUQ81GODw8VhKOOQ1UpOqq7GpeO8bwTcu9HHBZSmO2Yz5Dbm_k7QSgeqoXaxu2IgrKV5JoXxTIWYEBFZmp27LgR8DPTWBbuxKmz"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135ea89ae9bfdea';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=digestate&__cf_chl_rt_tk=l4vuJIszWKSPxIVerPGy60XyS3_F.sLvI41fQXBRy1s-1739796763-1.0.1.1-A8Vt7k2.Y4591z1Sdn4IOX_jfMJwYUR4Pb2Ifif3yhc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>