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peribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Tukar penampilan saiz, lebar dan warna fon laman" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Penampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Portal%3APolitik" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Portal%3APolitik" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Portal</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Politik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 46 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politik" title="Portal:Politik – Jerman Switzerland" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Portal:Politik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Switzerland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="بوابة:السياسة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:السياسة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politik" title="Portal:Politik – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Politik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="প্রবেশদ্বার:রাজনীতি – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবেশদ্বার:রাজনীতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politika" title="Portal:Politika – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Portal:Politika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Политика – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Портал:Политика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Politika" title="Portál:Politika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Portál:Politika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politik" title="Portal:Politik – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Portal:Politik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Poliitika" title="Portaal:Poliitika – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Portaal:Poliitika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Portal:Politics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Pol%C3%ADtica" title="Portal:Política – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portal:Política" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portalo:Politiko" title="Portalo:Politiko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Portalo:Politiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="درگاه:سیاست – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درگاه:سیاست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Politique" title="Portail:Politique – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Politique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="प्रवेशद्वार:राजनीति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रवेशद्वार:राजनीति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portale:Politica" title="Portale:Politica – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portale:Politica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Politika" title="Portál:Politika – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Portál:Politika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Политика – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Портал:Политика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="بوابة:سياسة – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوابة:سياسة" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaal:Politiek" title="Portaal:Politiek – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Portaal:Politiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:政治学 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Portal:政治学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tema:Politikk" title="Tema:Politikk – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tema:Politikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politica" title="Portal:Politica – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Portal:Politica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Портал:Политике – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Портал:Политике" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Siyosat" title="Portal:Siyosat – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Portal:Siyosat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Polityka" title="Portal:Polityka – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Portal:Polityka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Pol%C3%ADtica" title="Portal:Política – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Portal:Política" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politic%C4%83" title="Portal:Politică – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Portal:Politică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punku_p%27anqa:_Llaqta_pusay" title="Punku p'anqa: Llaqta pusay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Punku p'anqa: Llaqta pusay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Политика – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Портал:Политика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purtali:Pul%C3%ACtica" title="Purtali:Pulìtica – Sicili" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Purtali:Pulìtica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA:%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ද්වාරය:දේශපාලනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්වාරය:දේශපාලනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="باب:سياست – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باب:سياست" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Politika" title="Portál:Politika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Portál:Politika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Siyaasadda" title="Portal:Siyaasadda – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Portal:Siyaasadda" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AA" title="دەروازە:سیاسەت – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەروازە:سیاسەت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teemasivu:Politiikka" title="Teemasivu:Politiikka – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teemasivu:Politiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D:%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வலைவாசல்:அரசியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வலைவாசல்:அரசியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A1%D3%99%D1%8F%D1%81%D3%99%D1%82" title="Портал:Сәясәт – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Портал:Сәясәт" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="สถานีย่อย:การเมือง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สถานีย่อย:การเมือง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Siyaset" title="Portal:Siyaset – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Portal:Siyaset" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="باب:سیاست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="باب:سیاست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portoal:Polletiek" title="Portoal:Polletiek – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Portoal:Polletiek" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Portal:政治" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Siyaset" title="Portal:Siyaset – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Portal:Siyaset" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Portal:政治" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8133239#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-portal" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politik" title="Lihat laman subjek [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Portal</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan_portal:Politik" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><div id="browsebar" style="margin:-3px auto 0.2em; text-align: center"> <table style="text-align:center; background:transparent" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Senarai" title="Portal:Senarai"><b>Senarai portal</b></a>: </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Agama" title="Portal:Agama">Agama</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Falsafah" title="Portal:Falsafah">Falsafah</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geografi" title="Portal:Geografi">Geografi</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Masyarakat" title="Portal:Masyarakat">Masyarakat</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Muzik" title="Portal:Muzik">Muzik</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Politik</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sains" title="Portal:Sains">Sains</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sastera" title="Portal:Sastera">Sastera</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sejarah" title="Portal:Sejarah">Sejarah</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sukan" title="Portal:Sukan">Sukan</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="box-shadow: 0 0 0.2em #999999; border-radius: 0.2em; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 1em 0.5em; background: WhiteSmoke; ;"> <div style="background: ; border-radius: 0.2em 0.2em 0 0; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;"><span style="color: ; font-weight: bold; font-size:250%;"><center>Portal Politik</center></span> </div> <div style="padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; border-radius: 0 0 0.2em 0.2em;"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Kertas undi bertanda X yang dimasukkan ke dalam kotak undian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/130px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/195px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/260px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <b>Politik</b> atau <b>siasah</b> merupakan set kegiatan yang dikaitkan dengan membuat keputusan untuk sesuatu kumpulan atau leompok, atau bentuk-bentuk hubungan kuasa yang lain di antara individu seperti pembahagian <a href="/wiki/Sumber" title="Sumber">sumber</a> atau status. Cabang sains sosial yang mengkaji politik dan <a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan" title="Pemerintahan">kerajaan/pemerintahan</a> dirujuk sebagai <a href="/wiki/Sains_politik" title="Sains politik">sains politik</a> (sains siasah). Walaupun ia biasanya digunakan bagi merujuk kepada kerajaan/pemerintahan, tingkah laku politik boleh didapati di dalam sektor korporat, akademik, agama, dan institusi-institusi lain. (<b><a href="/wiki/Politik" title="Politik">Rencana penuh...</a></b>)<div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; flex-direction: row; justify-content: space-around; align-content: flex-start;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 3 1 25em"> <div style="box-shadow: 0 0 0.2em #999999; border-radius: 0.2em; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 1em 0.5em; background: WhiteSmoke; ;"> <div style="background: #00114e; border-radius: 0.2em 0.2em 0 0; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;"><span style="color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; font-size:;">Rencana pilihan</span><div style="float: right; font-size: 0.8em;"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politik/Rencana_pilihan" title="Portal:Politik/Rencana pilihan"><span style="color: #ffffff;">[lihat]</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; border-radius: 0 0 0.2em 0.2em;"> <p><b>Hubungan Amerika Syarikat–palestin</b> (<a href="/wiki/Tulisan_Jawi" title="Tulisan Jawi">Tulisan Jawi</a>: <b>هوبوڠن اميريك شريكت–إسرائيل</b>) merupakan faktor penting dalam dasar <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Syarikat" title="Amerika Syarikat">Amerika Syarikat</a> di <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kongres_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Kongres Amerika Syarikat">Kongres Amerika Syarikat</a> meletakkan keutamaan dalam hubungan dua hala yang erat dan saling tolong-menolong. Sokongan ketara ke atas <a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin">Negara Palestin</a> adalah pemberian <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> yang sentiasa dipantau oleh Kongres selain daripada isu lain yang yang timbul dalam hubungan dua hala. Sikap mengambil berat Kongres ini telah mempengaruhi dasar pentadbiran dalam jangka masa lebih kurang 60 tahun sehingga ke hari ini. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hak_Asasi_Manusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hak Asasi Manusia">Hak Asasi Manusia</a> ini telah berkembang dari dasar bersimpati dengan nasib <a href="/wiki/Palestin" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestin">Palestin</a> dan sokongan untuk <a href="/wiki/Hubungan_dua_hala" title="Hubungan dua hala">hubungan dua hala</a> satu <a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestin" title="Negara Palestin">Negara Palestin</a> pada tahun 1948 ke satu perkongsian luar biasa yang menghubungkan negara kecil tetapi kuat dari segi ketenteraan iaitu Israel, kepada kebergantungan dengan Amerika Syarikat untuk kekuatan ekonomi dan ketenteraannya, pada masa yang sama kuasa besar seperti Amerika Syarikat untuk mengimbangi kepentingannya di rantau Timur Tengah. Sesetengah warga Amerika mempersoalkan komitmen yang diberi palestin, dan berhujah bahawa komitmen ini bertentangan dengan hubungan di antara A.S. dengan negara-negara Arab yang lain. Selebihnya pula berpendapat bahawa negara demokrasi palestin merupakan sekutu strategik dan hubungan dua hala, dengan Israel memperkuatkan pengaruh Amerika di Timur Tengah. palestin merupakan salah satu daripada dua negara sekutu asal bukan dari gabungan Pertubuhan Perjanjian Atlantik Utara (NATO) di Timur Tengah. Kini terdapat tujuh negara sekutu bukan NATO di Timur Tengah Besar. (<b>Hubungan Amerika Syarikat-Palestin|Rencana penuh...</b>) </p> <div align="right">Rencana pilihan lain di: <b>Wikipedia:Rencana pilihan|Wikipedia, Portal:Politik/Rencana pilihan|Portal</b><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <b>Portal:Politik/Rencana pilihan/1|Sunting</b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="box-shadow: 0 0 0.2em #999999; border-radius: 0.2em; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 1em 0.5em; background: WhiteSmoke; ;"> <div style="background: #00114e; border-radius: 0.2em 0.2em 0 0; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;"><span style="color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold; font-size:;">Gambar pilihan</span><div style="float: right; font-size: 0.8em;"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politik/Gambar_pilihan" title="Portal:Politik/Gambar pilihan"><span style="color: #ffffff;">[lihat]</span></a></div> </div> <div style="padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; border-radius: 0 0 0.2em 0.2em;"> <table role="presentation" style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center; background-color:transparent; border-collapse: collapse; padding:0.9em;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span style="margin:0px 10px 10px 0px; box-shadow:0px 3px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);display:inline-block;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_(Gerard_Terborch_1648).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pengesahan Perjanjian Damai Münster pada 1648, seperti yang dilukis oleh Gerard ter Borch pada tahun yang sama. Selepas tujuh tahun rundingan, perjanjian ini telah dipersetujui di mana Sepanyol mengiktiraf kemerdekaan Belanda Bersatu. Perjanjian ini menyumbang kepada Perjanjian Damai Westfalia, yang mengakhiri Perang Tiga Puluh Tahun dan Lapan Puluh Tahun."><img alt="Perjanjian Damai Münster" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg/300px-Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg/450px-Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg/600px-Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_%28Gerard_Terborch_1648%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4649" /></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em 0.9em 0.9em; text-align:center"> <p>Pengesahan <b><a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Damai_M%C3%BCnster" title="Perjanjian Damai Münster">Perjanjian Damai Münster</a></b> pada 1648, seperti yang dilukis oleh Gerard ter Borch pada tahun yang sama. Selepas tujuh tahun rundingan, <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian" title="Perjanjian">perjanjian</a> ini telah dipersetujui di mana <a href="/wiki/Sepanyol" title="Sepanyol">Sepanyol</a> mengiktiraf kemerdekaan <a href="/wiki/Republik_Belanda" title="Republik Belanda">Belanda Bersatu</a>. Perjanjian ini menyumbang kepada Perjanjian Damai Westfalia, yang mengakhiri <a href="/wiki/Perang_Tiga_Puluh_Tahun" title="Perang Tiga Puluh Tahun">Perang Tiga Puluh Tahun</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Perang_Lapan_Puluh_Tahun" title="Perang Lapan Puluh Tahun">Lapan Puluh Tahun</a>. </p> <p><small>(Lukisan oleh Gerard ter Borch)</small></p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="noprint; plainlinks" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td width="33%"><div style="text-align:left;"><b>Kongsikan:</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Westfaelischer_Friede_in_Muenster_(Gerard_Terborch_1648).jpg?uselang=ms&t=%23GambarPilihan+dari+Wikipedia+Bahasa+Melayu" title="Kongsikan di Facebook" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Kongsikan di Facebook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Facebook_f_logo_%282019%29.svg/18px-Facebook_f_logo_%282019%29.svg.png" 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