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</ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Wiki"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tartalomjegyzék</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bevezető</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Története" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Története"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Története</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Története-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Az_ábécé" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Az_ábécé"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Az ábécé</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Az_ábécé-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hivatkozások" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hivatkozások"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hivatkozások</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hivatkozások-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Források" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Források"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Források</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Források-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irodalom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irodalom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Irodalom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irodalom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-További_információk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#További_információk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>További információk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-További_információk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék kinyitása/becsukása" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tartalomjegyzék kinyitása/becsukása</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arámi ábécé</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ugrás egy más nyelvű szócikkre. Elérhető 61 nyelven" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 nyelv</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet – angol" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aramaic alphabet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramese_alfabet" title="Aramese alfabet – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aramese alfabet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أبجدية آرامية – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبجدية آرامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A0%DC%A6%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AC_%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܐܠܦܒܝܬ ܐܪܡܝܐ – arámi" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܠܦܒܝܬ ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arámi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetu_aram%C3%A9u" title="Alfabetu araméu – asztúr" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfabetu araméu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asztúr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Арамейска азбука – bolgár" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арамейска азбука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgár" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="আরামীয় লিপি – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরামীয় লিপি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizherenneg_aramaek" title="Lizherenneg aramaek – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lizherenneg aramaek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_arameu" title="Alfabet arameu – katalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfabet arameu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Ӏарамийн абат – csecsen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏарамийн абат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="csecsen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8E%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ئەلفوبێی ئارامی – közép-ázsiai kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەلفوبێی ئارامی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="közép-ázsiai kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramejsk%C3%A9_p%C3%ADsmo" title="Aramejské písmo – cseh" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aramejské písmo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cseh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%C4%95" title="Арамей алфавичĕ – csuvas" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Арамей алфавичĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="csuvas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A4ische_Schrift" title="Aramäische Schrift – német" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aramäische Schrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="német" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramea_skribo" title="Aramea skribo – eszperantó" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aramea skribo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="eszperantó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_arameo" title="Alfabeto arameo – spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabeto arameo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramear_alfabeto" title="Aramear alfabeto – baszk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aramear alfabeto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baszk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="الفبای آرامی – perzsa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الفبای آرامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramean_kirjaimisto" title="Aramean kirjaimisto – finn" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aramean kirjaimisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet_aram%C3%A9en" title="Alphabet araméen – francia" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphabet araméen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameesk_alfabet" title="Arameesk alfabet – nyugati fríz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Arameesk alfabet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="nyugati fríz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_arameo" title="Alfabeto arameo – gallego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfabeto arameo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbyrlhit_Aramaagh" title="Abbyrlhit Aramaagh – man-szigeti" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Abbyrlhit Aramaagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="man-szigeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99" title="אלפבית ארמי – héber" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלפבית ארמי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="héber" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="आरमेइक लिपि – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आरमेइक लिपि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramejsko_pismo" title="Aramejsko pismo – horvát" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aramejsko pismo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvát" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Արամեական գիր – örmény" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արամեական գիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="örmény" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjad_Aram" title="Abjad Aram – indonéz" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abjad Aram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_aramaico" title="Alfabeto aramaico – olasz" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabeto aramaico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="olasz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="アラム文字 – japán" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アラム文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="არამეული დამწერლობა – grúz" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არამეული დამწერლობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="grúz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agemmay_arami" title="Agemmay arami – kabije" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Agemmay arami" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabije" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Арамей жазуы – kazah" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Арамей жазуы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%85" title="អក្ខរក្រមអារ៉ាមិច – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អក្ខរក្រមអារ៉ាមិច" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%9E%8C_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="아람 문자 – koreai" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아람 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alefbet_arameo" title="Alefbet arameo – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Alefbet arameo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeta_arami" title="Alfabeta arami – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabeta arami" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C4%97j%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Aramėjų raštas – litván" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aramėjų raštas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litván" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abidy_arameana" title="Abidy arameana – malgas" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Abidy arameana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Арамејска азбука – macedón" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арамејска азбука" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramees_alfabet" title="Aramees alfabet – holland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aramees alfabet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameisk_skrift" title="Arameisk skrift – norvég (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arameisk skrift" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvég (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_arameiske_alfabetet" title="Det arameiske alfabetet – norvég (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det arameiske alfabetet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvég (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80" title="ਆਰਾਮੀ ਲਿਪੀ – pandzsábi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਰਾਮੀ ਲਿਪੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandzsábi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_aramejski" title="Alfabet aramejski – lengyel" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfabet aramejski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lengyel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="آرامی لپی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرامی لپی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ارامي ليکدود – pastu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ارامي ليکدود" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_aramaico" title="Alfabeto aramaico – portugál" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabeto aramaico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetul_aramaic" title="Alfabetul aramaic – román" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfabetul aramaic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="román" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Арамейское письмо – orosz" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арамейское письмо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="orosz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ag%CA%B7mmay_a%E1%B9%9Bamiy" title="Agʷmmay aṛamiy – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Agʷmmay aṛamiy" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aramaic alphabet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Хати оромӣ – tadzsik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хати оромӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzsik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ชุดตัวอักษรแอราเมอิก – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชุดตัวอักษรแอราเมอิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arami_alfabesi" title="Arami alfabesi – török" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arami alfabesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="török" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Арамейське письмо – ukrán" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арамейське письмо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="آرامی حروف تہجی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آرامی حروف تہجی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromiy_yozuvi" title="Oromiy yozuvi – üzbég" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oromiy yozuvi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="üzbég" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_Aram" title="Chữ Aram – vietnámi" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chữ Aram" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnámi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E7%B1%B3%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="阿拉米字母 – wu kínai" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿拉米字母" 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mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nyomtatás/exportálás </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyv&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ar%C3%A1mi+%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9"><span>Könyv készítése</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=show-download-screen"><span>Letöltés PDF-ként</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&printable=yes" title="A lap nyomtatható változata [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Nyomtatható változat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Társprojektek </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aramaic_alphabet" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimédia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26978" title="Kapcsolt adattárelem [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-adatlap</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Oldal eszközök"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Megjelenés"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Megjelenés</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--stable"></span><b>Ellenőrzött</b></indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">A Wikipédiából, a szabad enciklopédiából</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Változat állapota</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">Ez a lap egy ellenőrzött változata</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">Ez a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Jel%C3%B6lt_lapv%C3%A1ltozatok" title="Wikipédia:Jelölt lapváltozatok">közzétett változat</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Rendszernapl%C3%B3k&type=review&page=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9">ellenőrizve</a>: <i>2024. július 23.</i><p><table id="mw-fr-revisionratings-box" class="flaggedrevs-color-1" style="margin: auto;" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="fr-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">Pontosság</td><td class="fr-value40" style="vertical-align: middle;">ellenőrzött</td></tr></table></p></div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hu" dir="ltr"><table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Phoenician_aleph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/18px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/27px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Phoenician_aleph.svg/36px-Phoenician_aleph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></td><td><i>A cikk ókori sémi írások karaktereit tartalmazza. <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADciai_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9#Külső_hivatkozások" title="Föníciai ábécé">Speciális támogatás</a> nélkül a betűk helyén négyszög, kérdőjel vagy más értelmetlen jel áll.</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Abzu_scripture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Abzu_scripture.svg/30px-Abzu_scripture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Abzu_scripture.svg/45px-Abzu_scripture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Abzu_scripture.svg/60px-Abzu_scripture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="46" data-file-height="33" /></a></span></td><td><i><b>A cikk <a href="/wiki/%C3%89k%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" title="Ékírás">ékírásos</a> karaktereket tartalmaz.</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89k%C3%ADr%C3%A1sseg%C3%A9dlet" title="Wikipédia:Ékírássegédlet">Speciális támogatás</a> nélkül az ékjelek helyén négyszög, kérdőjel vagy más értelmetlen jel áll.</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox ujinfobox"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="fejlec" style="color:black;background-color:mediumseagreen;">arámi ábécé</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:AsokaKandahar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Asóka kandahári felirata"><img alt="Asóka kandahári felirata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/AsokaKandahar.jpg/250px-AsokaKandahar.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/AsokaKandahar.jpg/375px-AsokaKandahar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/AsokaKandahar.jpg/500px-AsokaKandahar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:92%"><a href="/wiki/As%C3%B3ka" title="Asóka">Asóka</a> <a href="/wiki/Kandah%C3%A1r" title="Kandahár">kandahári</a> felirata</td></tr><tr><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;vertical-align:top"><b>Típus</b></td><td style="padding:0px;">mássalhangzó-írás <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet%C5%B1%C3%ADr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betűírás (a lap nem létezik)">betűírás</a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Nyelvek</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A1mi_nyelv" title="Arámi nyelv">arámi</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ber_nyelv" title="Héber nyelv">héber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%ADr_nyelv" title="Szír nyelv">szír</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mand%C3%A1n_nyelv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandán nyelv (a lap nem létezik)">mandán</a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Időszak</b></td><td>i. e. 8–4. század</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Irány</b></td><td>jobbról balra</td></tr><tr><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;vertical-align:top"><b>Felmenő írásrendszerek</b></td><td style="padding:0px;"><a href="/wiki/Ugariti_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Ugariti ábécé">ugariti ábécé</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">   </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%93k%C3%A1na%C3%A1nita_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Ókánaánita ábécé">ókánaánita</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">    </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADciai_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Föníciai ábécé">föníciai</a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Rokon írásrendszerek</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Rov%C3%A1s%C3%ADr%C3%A1s_(egy%C3%A9rtelm%C5%B1s%C3%ADt%C5%91_lap)" class="mw-disambig" title="Rovásírás (egyértelműsítő lap)">rovás</a>(?)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Leszármazott írásrendszerek</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ber_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Héber írás">héber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nabateus_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Nabateus ábécé">nabateus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab írás">arab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%ADr_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Szír ábécé">szír</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palm%C3%BCrai_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmürai ábécé (a lap nem létezik)">palmürai</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mand%C3%A1n_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandán ábécé (a lap nem létezik)">mandán</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahlevi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahlevi ábécé (a lap nem létezik)">pahlevi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Szogd_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Szogd ábécé">szogd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BAz_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Grúz ábécé">grúz</a></td></tr><tr><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></b></td><td style="padding:0px;"><tt>Armi</tt></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:Commons;color:black;text-align:center;"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div>A <a href="/wiki/Wikim%C3%A9dia_Commons" title="Wikimédia Commons">Wikimédia Commons</a> tartalmaz <i><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aramaic_alphabet" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aramaic alphabet">arámi ábécé</a></i> témájú médiaállományokat.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Az <b>arámi ábécé</b> a <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%ADria" title="Szíria">szíriai</a>–<a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADcia" title="Fönícia">föníciai</a> térség elterjedt írásrendszere az <a href="/wiki/I._e._8._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 8. század">i. e. 8. századtól</a>. Viszonylag rövid ideig használták, mert hamar kialakultak különböző helyi változatai, amelyek végül teljesen kiszorították az <a href="/wiki/I._e._6._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 6. század">i. e. 6. század</a> folyamán, utolsó emlékei az <a href="/wiki/I._e._4._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 4. század">i. e. 4. századból</a> származnak. Az arámi ábécé történelmileg jelentős, hiszen gyakorlatilag minden modern közel-keleti írásrendszer erre vezethető vissza, valamint számos altáji írásrendszer Közép- és Kelet-<a href="/wiki/%C3%81zsia" title="Ázsia">Ázsiában</a>. </p><p>Ezt elsősorban annak köszönheti, hogy az <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A1mi_nyelv" title="Arámi nyelv">arámi nyelv</a> általános <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6zleked%C5%91_nyelv" class="mw-redirect" title="Közlekedő nyelv">közlekedő nyelv</a> volt az újasszír korban, majd <a href="/wiki/%C3%93perzsa_Birodalom" title="Óperzsa Birodalom">Óperzsa Birodalom</a> kancellárianyelve is ez lett. </p><p>Az arámi nyelv fennmaradt, de az írásrendszert felváltották az utódok, mindenekelőtt a <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ber_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Héber írás">héber</a> és az <a href="/wiki/Arab_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab írás">arab</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Története"><span id="T.C3.B6rt.C3.A9nete"></span>Története</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Története"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Tel_dan_inscription.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tel_dan_inscription.png/200px-Tel_dan_inscription.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tel_dan_inscription.png/300px-Tel_dan_inscription.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tel_dan_inscription.png/400px-Tel_dan_inscription.png 2x" data-file-width="1237" data-file-height="968" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Tel_D%C3%A1n-szt%C3%A9l%C3%A9" title="Tel Dán-sztélé">Tel Dán-sztélé</a> arámi felirata</figcaption></figure> <p>A legkorábbi arámi nyelvemlékek <a href="/wiki/Assz%C3%ADrok" title="Asszírok">újasszír</a> és <a href="/wiki/Hettita_%C3%A9kjelek_list%C3%A1ja" class="mw-redirect" title="Hettita ékjelek listája">hettita</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89k%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" title="Ékírás">ékírásban</a> maradtak fenn, valamint <a href="/wiki/Luvi_nyelv" title="Luvi nyelv">luvi</a> hieroglifákkal. A térségben korábban az <a href="/wiki/Ugariti_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Ugariti ábécé">ugariti írás</a> – mint a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet%C5%B1%C3%ADr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betűírás (a lap nem létezik)">betűírások</a> elsője – terjedt el, amelyből a <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6n%C3%ADciai_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Föníciai ábécé">föníciai ábécé</a> létrejött. A korai arameus királyságokban a föníciai írást használták (lásd <a href="/wiki/Kilamuva-szt%C3%A9l%C3%A9" title="Kilamuva-sztélé">Kilamuva-sztélé</a>), amely idővel formailag is alakult, valamint jelkészletében az arámi nyelvhez idomult. </p><p>Arámi fokozatosan közlekedőnyelvvé vált az egész Közel-Keleten, az írásrendszer pedig felváltotta az addigi közlekedőnyelv, a babiloni írásrendszerét. Az arámi nyelvet ugyanis a babiloninál sokkal nagyobb területen elterjedt etnikum beszélte – maguk az <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A1miak" title="Arámiak">arámiak</a> (vagy arameusok) <a href="/wiki/Mezopot%C3%A1mia" title="Mezopotámia">Mezopotámia</a> keleti részétől Észak-Szíriáig és <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartutól</a> <a href="/wiki/Izrael" title="Izrael">Izraelig</a>, valamint az egész <a href="/wiki/Arab-f%C3%A9lsziget" title="Arab-félsziget">Arab-félszigeten</a> több hullámban megtelepedtek –, ráadásul a babiloni ékírásnál sokkal egyszerűbb írás volt. Az <a href="/wiki/I._e._5._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 5. század">i. e. 5. század</a> első felében az arámit vezették be az <a href="/wiki/%C3%93perzsa_Birodalom" title="Óperzsa Birodalom">Óperzsa Birodalom</a> királyi kancelláriájába, mint hivatalos közvetítő nyelvet. A perzsa vezetők az arámi írnokoknak óperzsa nyelven diktálták le a leveleket. Ezeket az írnokok arámira fordították és így küldték szét a birodalomban. Helyben azután szükség szerint lefordították helyi nyelvre, vagy visszafordították óperzsára. <span class="dokulink" id="back:Harmatta_Selyemút"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p><p>Ez a rendszer jól működött Etiópiától és Kis-Ázsiától a Szir-Darjáig és Indiáig, ezért a perzsa birodalom megdöntése után <a href="/wiki/III._Alexandrosz_maked%C3%B3n_kir%C3%A1ly" title="III. Alexandrosz makedón király">Nagy Sándor</a> és utódai is alkalmazták. Mindez lehetővé tette az <a href="/wiki/I._e._2._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 2. század">i. e. 2. századtól</a> kezdve a különféle közép-iráni írásrendszerek, mint a <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A1rtus_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pártus írás (a lap nem létezik)">pártus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6z%C3%A9pperzsa_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Középperzsa írás (a lap nem létezik)">középperzsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Szogd_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Szogd ábécé">szogd</a> és a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hv%C3%A1rizmi_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hvárizmi írás (a lap nem létezik)">hvárizmi</a> létrejöttét. <span class="dokulink" id="back:Harmatta_Selyemút"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p><p><br style="clear: both;" /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Az_ábécé"><span id="Az_.C3.A1b.C3.A9c.C3.A9"></span>Az ábécé</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Az ábécé"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">név </th> <th rowspan="2">betű </th> <th rowspan="2">változat </th> <th colspan="7">megfelelő betű… </th> <th rowspan="2">ejtésközelítő (IPA) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ugariti_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Ugariti ábécé">ugaritiban</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%C3%93k%C3%A1na%C3%A1nita_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Ókánaánita ábécé">ókánaánitában</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Nabateus_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Nabateus ábécé">nabateusban</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ber_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Héber írás">héberben</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Arab_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab írás">arabban</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%ADr_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Szír ábécé">szíriaiban</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BAz_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Grúz ábécé">grúzban</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>álef</b> (āleph) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Aleph.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="álef"><img alt="álef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aleph.svg/20px-Aleph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aleph.svg/30px-Aleph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aleph.svg/40px-Aleph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡀 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎀</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤀</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:01_aleph.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="alef"><img alt="alef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/01_aleph.svg/70px-01_aleph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/01_aleph.svg/105px-01_aleph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/01_aleph.svg/140px-01_aleph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="119" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">א </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">أ </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܐ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ა</span> </td> <td>ʔ / a / e </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>bét</b> (bēth) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Beth.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="bét"><img alt="bét" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Beth.svg/20px-Beth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Beth.svg/30px-Beth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Beth.svg/40px-Beth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡁 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎁</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤁</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:02_bet.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="bét"><img alt="bét" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/02_bet.svg/50px-02_bet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/02_bet.svg/75px-02_bet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/02_bet.svg/100px-02_bet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ב </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ب </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܒ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ბ</span> </td> <td>b / v </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>gámal</b> (gāmal) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Gimel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="gimel"><img alt="gimel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gimel.svg/20px-Gimel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gimel.svg/30px-Gimel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gimel.svg/40px-Gimel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡂 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎂</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤂</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:03_gimel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="gimel"><img alt="gimel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/03_gimel.svg/25px-03_gimel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/03_gimel.svg/38px-03_gimel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/03_gimel.svg/50px-03_gimel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="98" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ג </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ج </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܓ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">გ</span> </td> <td>ɡ / ɣ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>dálat</b> (dālath) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Daleth.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="dálat"><img alt="dálat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Daleth.svg/20px-Daleth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Daleth.svg/30px-Daleth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Daleth.svg/40px-Daleth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡃 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎄</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤃</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:04_dal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="dal"><img alt="dal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/04_dal.svg/25px-04_dal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/04_dal.svg/38px-04_dal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/04_dal.svg/50px-04_dal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="78" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ד </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">د </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܕ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">დ</span> </td> <td>d / ð </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>hé</b> (hē) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:He0.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="hé"><img alt="hé" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/He0.svg/20px-He0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/He0.svg/30px-He0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/He0.svg/40px-He0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡄 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎅</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤄</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:05_ha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ha"><img alt="ha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/05_ha.svg/50px-05_ha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/05_ha.svg/75px-05_ha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/05_ha.svg/100px-05_ha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="104" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ה </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ﻫ </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܗ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ჱ</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">ჰ</span> </td> <td>h </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>váv</b> (waw) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Waw.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="váv"><img alt="váv" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Waw.svg/20px-Waw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Waw.svg/30px-Waw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Waw.svg/40px-Waw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡅 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎆</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤅</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:06_waw.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="waw"><img alt="waw" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/06_waw.svg/50px-06_waw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/06_waw.svg/75px-06_waw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/06_waw.svg/100px-06_waw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="84" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ו </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">و </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܘ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ვ</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">ო</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">უ</span> </td> <td>w / o / u </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>zain</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Zayin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="zain"><img alt="zain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Zayin.svg/20px-Zayin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Zayin.svg/30px-Zayin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Zayin.svg/40px-Zayin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡆 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎇</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">𐎓</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">𐎑</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤆</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:07_zayn.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="zain"><img alt="zain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/07_zayn.svg/18px-07_zayn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/07_zayn.svg/27px-07_zayn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/07_zayn.svg/36px-07_zayn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="56" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ז </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ز </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܙ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ჟ</span> </td> <td>z </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>hét</b> (ḥēth) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Heth.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="hét"><img alt="hét" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Heth.svg/20px-Heth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Heth.svg/30px-Heth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Heth.svg/40px-Heth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡇 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎈</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤇</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:08_ha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ha"><img alt="ha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/08_ha.svg/50px-08_ha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/08_ha.svg/75px-08_ha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/08_ha.svg/100px-08_ha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="101" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ח </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">خ,ح </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܚ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ჰ</span> </td> <td>ħ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>tét</b> (tēth) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Teth.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="tét"><img alt="tét" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Teth.svg/20px-Teth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Teth.svg/30px-Teth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Teth.svg/40px-Teth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡈 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎉</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤈</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:09_taa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="tá"><img alt="tá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/09_taa.svg/25px-09_taa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/09_taa.svg/38px-09_taa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/09_taa.svg/50px-09_taa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="77" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ט </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ط </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܛ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">თ</span> </td> <td>nyomatékos tˤ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>jud</b> (yudh) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Yod.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="jud"><img alt="jud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Yod.svg/20px-Yod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Yod.svg/30px-Yod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Yod.svg/40px-Yod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡉 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎊</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤉</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:10_yaa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ja"><img alt="ja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/10_yaa.svg/50px-10_yaa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/10_yaa.svg/75px-10_yaa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/10_yaa.svg/100px-10_yaa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="203" data-file-height="86" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">י </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ي </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܝ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ი</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">ჲ</span> </td> <td>j / i / e </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>káf</b> (kāph) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Kaph.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="káf"><img alt="káf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Kaph.svg/20px-Kaph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Kaph.svg/30px-Kaph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Kaph.svg/40px-Kaph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡊 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎋</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤊</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:11_kaf.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="kaf"><img alt="kaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/11_kaf.svg/50px-11_kaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/11_kaf.svg/75px-11_kaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/11_kaf.svg/100px-11_kaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">כ ך </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ك </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܟܟ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ქ</span> </td> <td>k / x </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>lámad</b> (lāmadh) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Lamed.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="lámad"><img alt="lámad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamed.svg/20px-Lamed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamed.svg/30px-Lamed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Lamed.svg/40px-Lamed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡋 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎍</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤋</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:12_lam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="lam"><img alt="lam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/12_lam.svg/50px-12_lam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/12_lam.svg/75px-12_lam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/12_lam.svg/100px-12_lam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif; line-height:1em;">ל </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ل </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܠ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ლ</span> </td> <td>l </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>mim</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Mem.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="mim"><img alt="mim" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mem.svg/20px-Mem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mem.svg/30px-Mem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mem.svg/40px-Mem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡌 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎎</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤌</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:13_meem.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="mém"><img alt="mém" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/13_meem.svg/50px-13_meem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/13_meem.svg/75px-13_meem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/13_meem.svg/100px-13_meem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">מ ם </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">م </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܡܡ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">მ</span> </td> <td>m </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>nun</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Nun.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="nun"><img alt="nun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nun.svg/20px-Nun.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nun.svg/30px-Nun.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nun.svg/40px-Nun.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡍 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎐</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤍</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:14_noon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="nun"><img alt="nun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14_noon.svg/50px-14_noon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14_noon.svg/75px-14_noon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14_noon.svg/100px-14_noon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="99" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">נ ן </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ن </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܢܢ ܢ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ნ</span> </td> <td>n </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>szemkát</b> (semkath) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Samekh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="szemkát"><img alt="szemkát" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Samekh.svg/20px-Samekh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Samekh.svg/30px-Samekh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Samekh.svg/40px-Samekh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡎 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎒</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤎</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:15_sin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="szimkat"><img alt="szimkat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/15_sin.svg/25px-15_sin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/15_sin.svg/38px-15_sin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/15_sin.svg/50px-15_sin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="82" data-file-height="83" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ס </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">س* </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܣ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ს</span> </td> <td>s </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>ajin</b> (ayin) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Ayin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ajin"><img alt="ajin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Ayin.svg/20px-Ayin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Ayin.svg/30px-Ayin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Ayin.svg/40px-Ayin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡏 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎓</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤏</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:16_ein.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ejn"><img alt="ejn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/16_ein.svg/25px-16_ein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/16_ein.svg/38px-16_ein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/16_ein.svg/50px-16_ein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="91" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ע </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">غ,ع </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܥ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ჸ</span> </td> <td>ʕ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>pé</b> (pē) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Pe0.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="pé"><img alt="pé" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Pe0.svg/20px-Pe0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Pe0.svg/30px-Pe0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Pe0.svg/40px-Pe0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡐 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎔</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤐</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:17_fa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="fa"><img alt="fa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/17_fa.svg/50px-17_fa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/17_fa.svg/75px-17_fa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/17_fa.svg/100px-17_fa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">פ ף </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ف </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܦ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ფ</span> / <span style="font-size: 6;">ჶ</span> </td> <td>p / f </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>szádé</b> (ṣādhē) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Sade_1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="szádé1"><img alt="szádé1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sade_1.svg/20px-Sade_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sade_1.svg/30px-Sade_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Sade_1.svg/40px-Sade_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Sade_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="szádé2"><img alt="szádé2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sade_2.svg/20px-Sade_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sade_2.svg/30px-Sade_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sade_2.svg/40px-Sade_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡑 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎕</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤑</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:18_sad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="szad"><img alt="szad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/18_sad.svg/50px-18_sad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/18_sad.svg/75px-18_sad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/18_sad.svg/100px-18_sad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="101" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">צ ץ </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ص </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܨ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ს</span> </td> <td>nyomatékos sˤ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>kof</b> (qoph) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Qoph.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="kof"><img alt="kof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Qoph.svg/20px-Qoph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Qoph.svg/30px-Qoph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Qoph.svg/40px-Qoph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡒 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎖</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤒</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:19_qaf.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="kof"><img alt="kof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/19_qaf.svg/25px-19_qaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/19_qaf.svg/38px-19_qaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/19_qaf.svg/50px-19_qaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="68" data-file-height="89" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ק </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ق </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܩ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ყ</span> </td> <td>q </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>rés</b> (rēsh) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Resh.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="rés"><img alt="rés" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Resh.svg/20px-Resh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Resh.svg/30px-Resh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Resh.svg/40px-Resh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡓 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎗</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤓</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:20_ra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ra"><img alt="ra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/20_ra.svg/25px-20_ra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/20_ra.svg/38px-20_ra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/20_ra.svg/50px-20_ra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="51" data-file-height="79" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ר </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ر </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܪ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">რ</span> </td> <td>r </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>sin</b> (shin) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Shin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="sin"><img alt="sin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/20px-Shin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/30px-Shin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/40px-Shin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡔 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎌</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤔</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:21_shin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="sin"><img alt="sin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/21_shin.svg/25px-21_shin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/21_shin.svg/38px-21_shin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/21_shin.svg/50px-21_shin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="76" data-file-height="90" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ש </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ش,س </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܫ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">შ</span> </td> <td>ʃ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>táu</b> (tau/w) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Taw.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="táu"><img alt="táu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Taw.svg/20px-Taw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Taw.svg/30px-Taw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Taw.svg/40px-Taw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">𐡕 </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐎚</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">𐤕</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:22_ta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/22_ta.svg/50px-22_ta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/22_ta.svg/75px-22_ta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/22_ta.svg/100px-22_ta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="96" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ת </td> <td style="font-size: 35px; font-family: serif;">ت,ث </td> <td style="font-size: 35px;">ܬ </td> <td><span style="font-size: 6;">ტ</span> </td> <td>t / θ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hivatkozások"><span id="Hivatkoz.C3.A1sok"></span>Hivatkozások</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Hivatkozások"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="ugrás a forrásleírásra" class="dokulink" id="back:Harmatta_Selyemút" style="font-size:100%;"><a href="#hely:Harmatta_Selyemút">Harmatta Selyemút</a></span> 82. o.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="ugrás a forrásleírásra" class="dokulink" id="back:Harmatta_Selyemút" style="font-size:100%;"><a href="#hely:Harmatta_Selyemút">Harmatta Selyemút</a></span> 82. o.</span> </li> </ol></div></div><div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Források"><span id="Forr.C3.A1sok"></span>Források</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=4" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Források"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;" title="ugrás az első hivatkozásra" class="dokulink" id="hely:Harmatta_Selyemút"><b><a href="#back:Harmatta_Selyemút">↑</a></b> <b>Harmatta Selyemút:</b> </span> <cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/Harmatta_J%C3%A1nos" title="Harmatta János">Harmatta János</a> (2003). „A selyemút nyelvei”. <i>Antik Tanulmányok</i> <b>XLVII</b> (1), 81–88. o, Kiadó: Akadémiai Kiadó. HU ISSN 0003-567X.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+selyem%C3%BAt+nyelvei&rft.jtitle=Antik+Tanulm%C3%A1nyok&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=XLVII&rft.issue=1&rft.au=%5B%5BHarmatta+J%C3%A1nos%5D%5D&rft.pages=81%E2%80%9388"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irodalom">Irodalom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=5" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Irodalom"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dobos Károly Dániel: Sém fiai – A sémi nyelvek és a sémi írásrendszerek története (Pázmány Egyetem eKiadó és Szent István Társulat: Budapest, 2013) 372-391.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="További_információk"><span id="Tov.C3.A1bbi_inform.C3.A1ci.C3.B3k"></span>További információk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ar%C3%A1mi_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9&action=edit&section=6" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: További információk"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sakkal.com/Arab_Calligraphy_Art3.html">Art of Arabic Calligraphy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/aramaic.htm">Omniglot: Aramaic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3339.pdf">ISO/UCS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419135623/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3339.pdf">Archiválva</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">2009. április 19-i</span> dátummal a <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>-ben</li></ul> <div class="noprint noviewer" style="overflow: hidden; 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