CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '917bb54feb4ace11',cH: '1rgErywxq7jnNZ_4yHBXbsVazm.fpQKTalMMxOXAQiA-1740528586-1.2.1.1-F2J.XnV.EDcyL_ry8PJknrDrSITs.z9I9z6Lc4pz247aEE4v1Yut.8oQGwQbBSq0',cUPMDTk: "\/10000345\/endnote?__cf_chl_tk=6e9UidmBgxsIxwg1NuDjRspchJT0bRoCI17pBu.rvQA-1740528586-1.0.1.1-Ww7lFbWd9w7Ff7PI7YM8YVXC0rEQSGDlAOOB_xdvjus",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740528586',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10000345\/endnote?__cf_chl_f_tk=6e9UidmBgxsIxwg1NuDjRspchJT0bRoCI17pBu.rvQA-1740528586-1.0.1.1-Ww7lFbWd9w7Ff7PI7YM8YVXC0rEQSGDlAOOB_xdvjus",md: "cb7WIdjz2eLeb6WrDO6rWH_AtA3iUq4HqkPBS4.dhSY-1740528586-1.2.1.1-ok16aQfY7PZkgTEbjWVJ.BIGPNIjx.tiXNv1GNqoRGSq.xSFJ505.6tC8HjJelvyPAZv_DyNpuHv13MJMDqxC3POou.dga1czn8m6WICjjT2xm7s2QWr6vGD3w6nBb8UhAEkDweID7XH2FNEi0Zvc0YGftodbpBz8ZEKRtxQa8MZlU2EDzfW.lRZB7jJT0jJOZYRuTBOsB.ONsrdzcKg482vs2fqPxRde08teaMGxSH_VSCE3uOqCtpHviytpJzTm7z5_EnOfWz3KyI.jH21vdQS8CB2ZJzYPz23d6_OioktgxcBaqR_6OtXdPsk8rSv_ZoY0qF5wJZhoKHOKj5tnBcl2Ik0cClZRKjXYiw.ep0epx8jeAZwHjB5aAE1lCFOo0E2o0.iK673Ribimkc_bu_eGFJfJXNviWTs243XdEk9ZTrtNP9pWyXuAldkuSIKvOklbOhaZLe.WoUvqJInCcPW_oeUuV2dwXMlPTqg18vCecQJeouZSkDJWJDSMJB3VOr2uDB.UjMj0PmBgjRgqotWbgrz4pRZ6Mfq523rwZ9mWFSuvlcaQhiUzuLr0ssS3fMrq2MEhfFLQz6dCf6.pU4.dhywZK3l.wyvD0wVfKl_NF27MQSPGDZtTyqh7qPCUE6_wLo3cLs7qwp2wG0WZLOMBP1QIWArIEcoUh53Nq2VrobBhLLMwxnF4GMGoe26Z3Zy4XWgGlUn.UQp.ZTJc0ewp__jMITjxEc6FiyTf56Gf3hLuwcAr97BorVGLdrWzyAdGq5R1NFbvOrHWtBMGz0JfK0lGN8WxXz.m7BiTHqCJ9tO.uIO7ZTLXBvw1L6RiMN5SRR1vICNvIE479Qtq2UJXg3Xl4dSA82X2vLhAb6iHFfXpb9c.nzi_z0qMX5mQ87wxi0OeBiXKxfgDE3sgH2lLI1YFVJf2Q6Xr5teVfH1tN3Mgk1CdQcLJIOgvmnhcYrurHyCi5qrUwSP1I2zT3SnElNMczxgcl0jtRBhv3i1JhlgEP63keL6uRGWi1MfJ7qVI2fe5icLgi5EuSZXVtt_fPz_YPltqPkIUfs0_A.eabEhw19lIHlqbbcjk.mU7HMzheHNwmu1nm2reAQxyeWyfhJshiwQZbiaezKAhxr6GhMkQYOPvZQU3OAYDw6wcl22TnJUgUqZuxnMAV0rYztjWpKsmjqEcPAMFzJJQVrblvdnqLGxy4C.ZPXRQnOnuWAEbjnNTZaaah2Bnh.tWP8aTgZtbc_jfKq4aa7ko6CNeDIQ9wOezeelDVeVrny8lRdvhEURMjNx7Q6kXflmlpxNHxal2YspF5HyS8d3W9nPGNNTxOnVRHvmPCJO1zV0BFUVNNuHynQboXKystW_OGJADDdA5zg_JDhsqKWJaTPU.Tm4sSC0hrv9QzYH8_eKDGkpWNWWHLJ9LINrboVaDnX6wBRK2HHcDN4oZu0YlWFG4L7SNGQiDQQdsdAyLpDh4nzJvhjeQfobSfW8SQrBjUoIDbuRRoQmVcy1HUmrpgrL7MPQklqfXCVBNA.BBMlqzvxfWZP1uxjvVWYO1OFwX8KkKTvae.jm3scPGs_PhdGMMiqhXkh8WKJcw1D8.4JnhhuTdFVgxxyK_Z.x.Arq9gC7zOXx7UfAdAuhFTU4WDeiNFSb4l5bxyrk5wM8Yvdesm9RPrk5.3hVazlbN_p0AVRw2r_.eyMKy.R1F06vbTH5E23lXVdMiKposiDy0WAp67JYr0ZmWjbe3m6RWDcacCw8wFKgGG63bSBZG4zKw7bfZulQztv9kThnosDKL5MUneIofnbBJBpRRX0CT4c2QoXIOh8FIAmP4hKchydlUGPsOwlFgL1OXMEH.LIFrLQHrTs4CAjvxYmfYnyRdNOvkZ6mkQBRTdmdSfB84O9J37E",mdrd: "Ofw5GWi6vqbPojuAeayViw24soh2vC7n87OnFopRXvU-1740528586-1.2.1.1-waagwR5tcl5GQwtGtkwFyxJFQqEmGSN1vu9frK7YLhg2h3es2kW4UDRFL3gc.JV9HW_k2yha_erX9XPz4dVFeD6QaI95goZhlwWvGYogKduC.IJiAoYW6oDhPg4OcP4ElazIdecZU16HwzyIUiLDijHGJfPJuomHyXvGx2fluRu5vWvpNAZI8722uBTDlOObh37Q1jeI4mXi9FR0QZn6YcQFf7JgA9BYt7SQ9hLqeVhkH4wxBCg1CtSORRJrRvG4Dov3RUoZBhZFbdm7v0JN8thWr00eo9gCq0MGy581sJJFf.wmryBswIUTg._QMEeuiKRCd3KUE09Sne7MsHU.WNwOQ0wwgFV5HD6pEHiVsGNzN0yjwueeuIhYNwYEibeGOUMD0gJuBLYIKbncMjjhnuE9XXAq0IAw.oG9DPFe2.EOwNRjo.1F.FfGeGS3u6OVWd6fGipnnw2YveI27KurVkjAoTemQNmYsfPio1k_OYNLLUsbtJyHZEdZ3TU_CNk7Vov7wh79JDxvJIuJ.0eVZzocslr_eKfWevje9xqVIdBvFEP6z61Srs8nNg9N3HYWK_cQdNVdZEgrnjiHwdVMfNQdcRDLizIzScIwQ3V.vgdDc9TBGUzuAi7C7pBhKKXYazVoUHxBHuHUOGNuJ.pAkcu7dVuD92QAG0ndAtqLVtlxXFTXjx3x9WfKlcFtXzpp_IWT9o.n8SuCTM_YGSBXX00xHGBJl4eNRe8.3q9SKTdpjmCjMcsIF8EVOBWZTmp378siFY9eaCttGAf.DDUlPPifHTIa5xdAOJurL8PHBhtSYZA2aYH_RBrKESKqNaJ.J7zvmbRfG6UakEn7i1rKdEaGMVoKlHHlV41ADsoHSgQKEXMmK6IrBKB7wtzFejWVBPhP42ThSzlnEu62LAbNKBwX5Uhsv8CN_ULcQC7VJsh.g56NmPMJMJ2hVaaHMEBQnktnirMaLsr3TlVRznPkQjS8w_OZ6wEels0CQ64Mo9E8zmRCwhuu4XnlX6raRHi7C1g5GYRbDV88u.AGvmSbEJTs9IwzbcANESDY9XZbQfXG4BaLgCqIKkGeB7Fpd68bASkPUFQSCMIVg_hRj2hMKYHHmJ.zHhqmUra0t6aH5HYCeclU3OqoVuyNtnYtAN9Jrrd.z215DqUs3UpA0951UfO_0YdqwQZbwDqxlnBEa6E_nJN0Nx6hiodMU9ny4HAy5lR_iGbXxC.5mi9hTFuhgUOH3AUQo7IKAQC0aRlRVVnCtG5823bvPFj5gfSmVBVjDSzNDz0O6P3izlwPgCqczzdVDcoZqBmX0tPfi1pTSVwiE1b8hIqoOLB3YT5DNcrBc1yCOuu2w9KiZ6Lk8K_abNNm_UA_TowtfPa_wFDUZ38JkKdNYKfrOhXlTrRzAf3Axu95zcbsyohkuJA4rlOj3WPwqGkO8FhSioy93WVYYLsz793U2kvmeHS5Wf0nnx3Uq2vwEHogK.jIHqkWpsy.kP.VcPNr.Mlx8aFE2wiWHbGCnvtVZFb7w6mY9QYbV7Rs2vAC05eViCYg4ZRxCw3Ss1L8NKPXY4lxN_38CMrBdmRlOiJgi9085SIuJxBUici_zBYs3hgeTKrR1qjmda9Zaa97sKUfWEesYf5AN5hqTVJkMI4gK9c2plRZSoT3txpQh3haEyvTKDjBuNBS3.74n17A_RZXVVqjK6T1YD78UzZxEfVGGiaiWk.vHAkgVit8Do8O.OJVD3auw8_fgbMC_w3QUaZk2Onup6nCJgi73IFY_yWRXToR2KmQkmuDxRSUAKbp6cuDIdDZzbyFfkXPIAoou6jqceAPvQKtpksQlgvpk1iofW4ECXK_o623.zA.jF3dnLECRMQcRt7bxXMKtjSw8mxUv2usYlv3FyHHF_tbeh.ZODBMTpMP9aH3p1o2ndJqGC3RQFkIqyl0rxkkeGa61A1QMixDhy9RIFyL_p6hnCtotVbpQ6o2sbGPe0q.rSEDVR.NdAmHEEJxnq7ixQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=917bb54feb4ace11';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10000345\/endnote?__cf_chl_rt_tk=6e9UidmBgxsIxwg1NuDjRspchJT0bRoCI17pBu.rvQA-1740528586-1.0.1.1-Ww7lFbWd9w7Ff7PI7YM8YVXC0rEQSGDlAOOB_xdvjus" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>