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Nikolov</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Jovana Nikolov"> <meta name="keywords" content="Jovana Nikolov"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Jovana Nikolov" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Jovana Nikolov"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 31</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Jovana Nikolov</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Cosmic Background Reduction in the Radiocarbon Measurements by Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasa%20Todorovic">Natasa Todorovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Nikolov">Jovana Nikolov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Guard detector efficiency, cosmic background, and its variation were determinate using ultra low-level liquid scintillation spectrometer Quantulus 1220, equipped with an anti-Compton guard detector, in the surface laboratory at the University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Atmospheric pressure variation has an observable effect on the anti-Compton guard detector count rate. and the cosmic muon flux is lower during a high-pressure period. Also, the guard detector Compton continuum provides a good view of the level of gamma radiation in the laboratory environment. The efficiency of the guard detector in the channel interval from 750 to 1024 was assessed to 93.45%; efficiency in the entire window (channels 1 to 1024) was 75.23%, which is in good agreement with literature data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmic%20radiation" title="cosmic radiation">cosmic radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=background%20reduction" title=" background reduction"> background reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20scintillation%20counting" title=" liquid scintillation counting"> liquid scintillation counting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guard%20detector%20efficiency" title=" guard detector efficiency"> guard detector efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140808/cosmic-background-reduction-in-the-radiocarbon-measurements-by-liquid-scintillation-spectrometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Investigation of Several New Ionic Liquids’ Behaviour during ²¹⁰PB/²¹⁰BI Cherenkov Counting in Waters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nata%C5%A1a%20Todorovi%C4%87">Nataša Todorović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Nikolov"> Jovana Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Stojkovi%C4%87"> Ivana Stojković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milan%20Vrane%C5%A1"> Milan Vraneš</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Pani%C4%87"> Jovana Panić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slobodan%20Gad%C5%BEuri%C4%87"> Slobodan Gadžurić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The detection of ²¹⁰Pb levels in aquatic environments evokes interest in various scientific studies. Its precise determination is important not only for the radiological assessment of drinking waters but also ²¹⁰Pb, and ²¹⁰Po distribution in the marine environment are significant for the assessment of the removal rates of particles from the ocean and particle fluxes during transport along the coast, as well as particulate organic carbon export in the upper ocean. Measurement techniques for ²¹⁰Pb determination, gamma spectrometry, alpha spectrometry, or liquid scintillation counting (LSC) are either time-consuming or demand expensive equipment or complicated chemical pre-treatments. However, one other possibility is to measure ²¹⁰Pb on an LS counter if it is in equilibrium with its progeny ²¹⁰Bi - through the Cherenkov counting method. It is unaffected by the chemical quenching and assumes easy sample preparation but has the drawback of lower counting efficiencies than standard LSC methods, typically from 10% up to 20%. The aim of the presented research in this paper is to investigate the possible increment of detection efficiency of Cherenkov counting during ²¹⁰Pb/²¹⁰Bi detection on an LS counter Quantulus 1220. Considering naturally low levels of ²¹⁰Pb in aqueous samples, the addition of ionic liquids to the counting vials with the analysed samples has the benefit of detection limit’s decrement during ²¹⁰Pb quantification. Our results demonstrated that ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate, is more efficient in Cherenkov counting efficiency increment than the previously explored 2-hydroxypropan-1-amminium salicylate. Consequently, the impact of a few other ionic liquids that were synthesized with the same cation group (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium benzoate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium 3-hydroxybenzoate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium 4-hydroxybenzoate) was explored in order to test their potential influence on Cherenkov counting efficiency. It was confirmed that, among the explored ones, only ionic liquids in the form of salicylates exhibit a wavelength shifting effect. Namely, the addition of small amounts (around 0.8 g) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate increases the detection efficiency from 16% to >70%, consequently reducing the detection threshold by more than four times. Moreover, the addition of ionic liquids could find application in the quantification of other radionuclides besides ²¹⁰Pb/²¹⁰Bi via Cherenkov counting method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20scintillation%20counting" title="liquid scintillation counting">liquid scintillation counting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquids" title=" ionic liquids"> ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherenkov%20counting" title=" Cherenkov counting"> Cherenkov counting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C2%B2%C2%B9%E2%81%B0PB%2F%C2%B2%C2%B9%E2%81%B0BI%20in%20water" title=" ²¹⁰PB/²¹⁰BI in water"> ²¹⁰PB/²¹⁰BI in water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152211/investigation-of-several-new-ionic-liquids-behaviour-during-21pb21bi-cherenkov-counting-in-waters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Carbon Supported Cu and TiO2 Catalysts Applied for Ozone Decomposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katya%20Milenova">Katya Milenova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penko%20Nikolov"> Penko Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Stambolova"> Irina Stambolova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plamen%20Nikolov"> Plamen Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Blaskov"> Vladimir Blaskov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent article, a comparison was made between Cu and TiO2 supported catalysts on activated carbon for ozone decomposition reaction. The activated carbon support in the case of TiO2/AC sample was prepared by physicochemical pyrolysis and for Cu/AC samples the supports are chemically modified carbons. The prepared catalysts were synthesized by impregnation method. The samples were annealed in two different regimes-in air and under vacuum. To examine adsorption efficiency of the samples BET method was used. All investigated catalysts supported on chemically modified carbons have higher specific surface area compared to the specific surface area of TiO2 supported catalysts, varying in the range 590÷620 m2/g. The method of synthesis of the precursors had influenced catalytic activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title=" copper"> copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone%20decomposition" title=" ozone decomposition"> ozone decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2" title=" TiO2 "> TiO2 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19265/carbon-supported-cu-and-tio2-catalysts-applied-for-ozone-decomposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Double Beta Decay Experiments in Novi Sad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nata%C5%A1a%20Todorovi%C4%87">Nataša Todorović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Nikolov"> Jovana Nikolov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the great interest in β⁻β⁻ decay, β⁺β⁺ decays are rarely investigated due to the low probability of detecting these processes with available low-level equipment. If β⁺β⁺, β⁺EC, or ECEC decay occurs in a thin sample of a material, the positrons will be stopped and annihilated inside the material, leading to the emission of two or four coincidence gamma photons energy of 511 keV. The paper presents the results of measurements of double beta decay of ⁶⁴Zn, ⁵⁰Cr, and ⁵⁴Fe isotopes. In the first experiment, 511-keV gamma rays originating from the annihilation of positrons in natural zinc were measured by a coincidence technique to obtain a non-zero value for the (0ν+2ν) half-life. In the second experiment, the result of measuring double beta decay of ⁵⁰Cr is presented, which suggests a result other than zero at 95% CL and gives the lowest limit for the half-life of this process. In the third experiment, neutrino-less ECEC decay of ⁵⁴Fe was examined. Under the decay theory, gamma rays are emitted whose energy does not coincide with the energies of gamma rays emitted by nuclei from known discrete excited states. Iron shield of an internal volume of 1 m³ and thickness of 25 cm served as a source for measuring the (0ν+2ν) process in ⁵⁴Fe, whose yield in natural iron is 5.4%. We obtain the lower limit for the half-life for ⁵⁴Fe: T(0ν, K, K)>4.4x10²⁰ yr, T(0ν, K, L)>4.1x10²⁰ yr, and T(0ν, L, L)>5.0x10²⁰ yr. For ⁵⁰Cr limit for the half-life is T(0ν+2ν)>1.3(6)x10¹⁸ yr, and for ⁶⁴Zn T(0ν+2ν, ECβ+)=1.1(0.9)x10⁹ years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrinoless%20double%20beta%20decay" title="neutrinoless double beta decay">neutrinoless double beta decay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=half-life" title=" half-life"> half-life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%81%B6%E2%81%B4Zn" title=" ⁶⁴Zn"> ⁶⁴Zn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%81%B5%E2%81%B0Cr" title=" ⁵⁰Cr"> ⁵⁰Cr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and" title=" and"> and</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%81%B5%E2%81%B4Fe" title=" ⁵⁴Fe"> ⁵⁴Fe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152564/double-beta-decay-experiments-in-novi-sad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Evaluation of Different Liquid Scintillation Counting Methods for 222Rn Determination in Waters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Nikolov">Jovana Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasa%20Todorovic"> Natasa Todorovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Stojkovic"> Ivana Stojkovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Monitoring of 222Rn in drinking or surface waters, as well as in groundwater has been performed in connection with geological, hydrogeological and hydrological surveys and health hazard studies. Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is often preferred analytical method for 222Rn measurements in waters because it allows multiple-sample automatic analysis. LSC method implies mixing of water samples with organic scintillation cocktail, which triggers radon diffusion from the aqueous into organic phase for which it has a much greater affinity, eliminating possibility of radon emanation in that manner. Two direct LSC methods that assume different sample composition have been presented, optimized and evaluated in this study. One-phase method assumed direct mixing of 10 ml sample with 10 ml of emulsifying cocktail (Ultima Gold AB scintillation cocktail is used). Two-phase method involved usage of water-immiscible cocktails (in this study High Efficiency Mineral Oil Scintillator, Opti-Fluor O and Ultima Gold F are used). Calibration samples were prepared with aqueous 226Ra standard in glass 20 ml vials and counted on ultra-low background spectrometer Quantulus 1220TM equipped with PSA (Pulse Shape Analysis) circuit which discriminates alpha/beta spectra. Since calibration procedure is carried out with 226Ra standard, which has both alpha and beta progenies, it is clear that PSA discriminator has vital importance in order to provide reliable and precise spectra separation. Consequentially, calibration procedure was done through investigation of PSA discriminator level influence on 222Rn efficiency detection, using 226Ra calibration standard in wide range of activity concentrations. Evaluation of presented methods was based on obtained efficiency detections and achieved Minimal Detectable Activity (MDA). Comparison of presented methods, accuracy and precision as well as different scintillation cocktail’s performance was considered from results of measurements of 226Ra spiked water samples with known activity and environmental samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=222Rn%20in%20water" title="222Rn in water">222Rn in water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quantulus1220TM" title=" Quantulus1220TM"> Quantulus1220TM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintillation%20cocktail" title=" scintillation cocktail"> scintillation cocktail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSA%20parameter" title=" PSA parameter"> PSA parameter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84348/evaluation-of-different-liquid-scintillation-counting-methods-for-222rn-determination-in-waters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Angular-Coordinate Driven Radial Tree Drawing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farshad%20Ghassemi%20Toosi">Farshad Ghassemi Toosi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikola%20S.%20Nikolov"> Nikola S. Nikolov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a visualization technique for radial drawing of trees consisting of two slightly different algorithms. Both of them make use of node-link diagrams for visual encoding. This visualization creates clear drawings without edge crossing. One of the algorithms is suitable for real-time visualization of large trees, as it requires minimal recalculation of the layout if leaves are inserted or removed from the tree; while the other algorithm makes better utilization of the drawing space. The algorithms are very similar and follow almost the same procedure but with different parameters. Both algorithms assign angular coordinates for all nodes which are then converted into 2D Cartesian coordinates for visualization. We present both algorithms and discuss how they compare to each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radial%20drawing" title="Radial drawing">Radial drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Visualization" title=" Visualization"> Visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algorithm" title=" Algorithm"> Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Use%20of%20node-link%20diagrams" title=" Use of node-link diagrams"> Use of node-link diagrams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2184/angular-coordinate-driven-radial-tree-drawing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> High Purity Germanium Detector Characterization by Means of Monte Carlo Simulation through Application of Geant4 Toolkit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milos%20Travar">Milos Travar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Nikolov"> Jovana Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrej%20Vranicar"> Andrej Vranicar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasa%20Todorovic"> Natasa Todorovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the years, High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors proved to be an excellent practical tool and, as such, have established their today's wide use in low background γ-spectrometry. One of the advantages of gamma-ray spectrometry is its easy sample preparation as chemical processing and separation of the studied subject are not required. Thus, with a single measurement, one can simultaneously perform both qualitative and quantitative analysis. One of the most prominent features of HPGe detectors, besides their excellent efficiency, is their superior resolution. This feature virtually allows a researcher to perform a thorough analysis by discriminating photons of similar energies in the studied spectra where otherwise they would superimpose within a single-energy peak and, as such, could potentially scathe analysis and produce wrongly assessed results. Naturally, this feature is of great importance when the identification of radionuclides, as well as their activity concentrations, is being practiced where high precision comes as a necessity. In measurements of this nature, in order to be able to reproduce good and trustworthy results, one has to have initially performed an adequate full-energy peak (FEP) efficiency calibration of the used equipment. However, experimental determination of the response, i.e., efficiency curves for a given detector-sample configuration and its geometry, is not always easy and requires a certain set of reference calibration sources in order to account for and cover broader energy ranges of interest. With the goal of overcoming these difficulties, a lot of researches turned towards the application of different software toolkits that implement the Monte Carlo method (e.g., MCNP, FLUKA, PENELOPE, Geant4, etc.), as it has proven time and time again to be a very powerful tool. In the process of creating a reliable model, one has to have well-established and described specifications of the detector. Unfortunately, the documentation that manufacturers provide alongside the equipment is rarely sufficient enough for this purpose. Furthermore, certain parameters tend to evolve and change over time, especially with older equipment. Deterioration of these parameters consequently decreases the active volume of the crystal and can thus affect the efficiencies by a large margin if they are not properly taken into account. In this study, the optimisation method of two HPGe detectors through the implementation of the Geant4 toolkit developed by CERN is described, with the goal of further improving simulation accuracy in calculations of FEP efficiencies by investigating the influence of certain detector variables (e.g., crystal-to-window distance, dead layer thicknesses, inner crystal’s void dimensions, etc.). Detectors on which the optimisation procedures were carried out were a standard traditional co-axial extended range detector (XtRa HPGe, CANBERRA) and a broad energy range planar detector (BEGe, CANBERRA). Optimised models were verified through comparison with experimentally obtained data from measurements of a set of point-like radioactive sources. Acquired results of both detectors displayed good agreement with experimental data that falls under an average statistical uncertainty of ∼ 4.6% for XtRa and ∼ 1.8% for BEGe detector within the energy range of 59.4−1836.1 [keV] and 59.4−1212.9 [keV], respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPGe%20detector" title="HPGe detector">HPGe detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3%20spectrometry" title=" γ spectrometry"> γ spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geant4%20simulation" title=" Geant4 simulation"> Geant4 simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20method" title=" Monte Carlo method"> Monte Carlo method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152214/high-purity-germanium-detector-characterization-by-means-of-monte-carlo-simulation-through-application-of-geant4-toolkit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Influence of Lecithin from Different Sources on Crystallization Properties of Non-Trans Fat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Lon%C4%8Darevi%C4%87">Ivana Lončarević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radovan%20Omorjan"> Radovan Omorjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Torbica"> Aleksandra Torbica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danica%20Zari%C4%87"> Danica Zarić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Maksimovi%C4%87"> Jovana Maksimović</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soybean seeds are the main source of lecithin in confectionery industry in Serbia and elsewhere. The extensive production of sunflower and rapeseed oil opens the possibility of using lecithin from these sources, as an alternative. Also, the development of functional foods dictates the use of edible fats with no undesirable trans fatty acids, obtained by fractionation and transesterification instead of common hydrogenation process. Crystallization properties of nontrans vegetable fat with the addition of soybean, sunflower and rapeseed lecithin were investigated in this paper. NMR technique was used for measuring the solid fat content (SFC) of fats at different temperatures, as well as for crystallization rate under static conditions. Also, the possibility of applying Gompertz function to define kinetics of crystallization was investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-trans%20fat" title="non-trans fat">non-trans fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecithin" title=" lecithin"> lecithin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acids" title=" fatty acids"> fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFC" title=" SFC"> SFC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9047/influence-of-lecithin-from-different-sources-on-crystallization-properties-of-non-trans-fat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> The Prospective Assessment of Zero-Energy Dwellings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Dj.%20Jovanovic">Jovana Dj. Jovanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20M.%20Stevovic"> Svetlana M. Stevovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The highest priority of so called, projected <em>passive houses</em> is to meet the appropriate energy demand. Every single material and layer which is injected into a dwelling has a certain energy quantity stored. The <em>passive houses</em> include optimized insulation levels with minimal thermal bridges, minimum of air leakage through the building, utilization of passive solar and internal gains, and good circulation of air which leans on mechanical ventilation system. The focus of this paper is on passive <em>house </em>features, benefits and targets, their feasibility and energy demands which are set up during each project. Numerous <em>passive house-standards</em> outline the very significant role of zero-energy dwellings towards the modern label of sustainable development. It is clear that the performance of both built and existing housing stock must be addressed if the population across the world sets out the energy objectives. This scientific article examines passive house features since the many passive house cases are launched. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefits" title="benefits">benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20demands" title=" energy demands"> energy demands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20houses" title=" passive houses"> passive houses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42382/the-prospective-assessment-of-zero-energy-dwellings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Physical Characteristics of Cookies Enriched with Microencapsulated Cherry Pomace Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Petrovi%C4%87">Jovana Petrović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Lon%C4%8Darevi%C4%87"> Ivana Lončarević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesna%20Tumbas%20%C5%A0aponjac"> Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danica%20Zari%C4%87"> Danica Zarić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pomace, a by-product from fruit processing industry is the potential source of valuable bioactive. Cookies are popular, ready to eat and low price foods; therefore, enrichment of these products is of great importance. In this work, bioactive compounds extracted from cherry pomace, encapsulated in soy and whey proteins, have been incorporated in cookies, replacing 10 (SP10 and WP10) and 15% of wheat flour (SP15 and WP15). Cookie geometry (diameter (D), thickness (T) and spread ratio (D/T)), cookie weight, cookie hardness and cookie surface colour were measured. Sensory characteristics are also examined. The results show that encapsulated cherry pomace bioactives have positively influenced the cookie mass. Diameter, redness (a* value) and cookie hardness increased. Sensory evaluation of cookies, revealed that up to 15% substitution of wheat flour with WP encapsulate produced acceptable cookies similar to the control (100% wheat flour) cookies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cherry%20pomace" title="cherry pomace">cherry pomace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenols" title=" polyphenols"> polyphenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microencapsulation" title=" microencapsulation"> microencapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cookies" title=" cookies"> cookies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20characteristics" title=" physical characteristics"> physical characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42288/physical-characteristics-of-cookies-enriched-with-microencapsulated-cherry-pomace-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Molecular Modeling of 17-Picolyl and 17-Picolinylidene Androstane Derivatives with Anticancer Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Podunavac-Kuzmanovi%C4%87">Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strahinja%20Kova%C4%8Devi%C4%87"> Strahinja Kovačević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidija%20Jevri%C4%87"> Lidija Jevrić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgenija%20Djurendi%C4%87"> Evgenija Djurendić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Ajdukovi%C4%87"> Jovana Ajduković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the molecular modeling of a series of 24 17-picolyl and 17-picolinylidene androstane derivatives whit significant anticancer activity was carried out. Modelling of studied compounds was performed by CS ChemBioDraw Ultra v12.0 program for drawing 2D molecular structures and CS ChemBio3D Ultra v12.0 for 3D molecular modelling. The obtained 3D structures were subjected to energy minimization using molecular mechanics force field method (MM2). The cutoff for structure optimization was set at a gradient of 0.1 kcal/Åmol. Full geometry optimization was done by the Austin Model 1 (AM1) until the root mean square (RMS) gradient reached a value smaller than 0.0001 kcal/Åmol using Molecular Orbital Package (MOPAC) program. The obtained physicochemical, lipophilicity and topological descriptors were used for analysis of molecular similarities and dissimilarities applying suitable chemometric methods (principal component analysis and cluster analysis). These results are the part of the project No. 114-451-347/2015-02, financially supported by the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development of Vojvodina and CMST COST Action CM1306. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androstane%20derivatives" title="androstane derivatives">androstane derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title=" anticancer activity"> anticancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemometrics" title=" chemometrics"> chemometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20descriptors" title=" molecular descriptors"> molecular descriptors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38072/molecular-modeling-of-17-picolyl-and-17-picolinylidene-androstane-derivatives-with-anticancer-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> QSRR Analysis of 17-Picolyl and 17-Picolinylidene Androstane Derivatives Based on Partial Least Squares and Principal Component Regression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Podunavac-Kuzmanovi%C4%87">Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strahinja%20Kova%C4%8Devi%C4%87"> Strahinja Kovačević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidija%20Jevri%C4%87"> Lidija Jevrić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgenija%20Djurendi%C4%87"> Evgenija Djurendić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Ajdukovi%C4%87"> Jovana Ajduković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are several methods for determination of the lipophilicity of biologically active compounds, however chromatography has been shown as a very suitable method for this purpose. Chromatographic (C18-RP-HPLC) analysis of a series of 24 17-picolyl and 17-picolinylidene androstane derivatives was carried out. The obtained retention indices (logk, methanol (90%) / water (10%)) were correlated with calculated physicochemical and lipophilicity descriptors. The QSRR analysis was carried out applying principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLS). The PCR and PLS model were selected on the basis of the highest variance and the lowest root mean square error of cross-validation. The obtained PCR and PLS model successfully correlate the calculated molecular descriptors with logk parameter indicating the significance of the lipophilicity of compounds in chromatographic process. On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that the obtained logk parameters of the analyzed androstane derivatives can be considered as their chromatographic lipophilicity. These results are the part of the project No. 114-451-347/2015-02, financially supported by the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development of Vojvodina and CMST COST Action CM1105. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androstane%20derivatives" title="androstane derivatives">androstane derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatography" title=" chromatography"> chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20structure" title=" molecular structure"> molecular structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20regression" title=" principal component regression"> principal component regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20least%20squares%20regression" title=" partial least squares regression"> partial least squares regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38073/qsrr-analysis-of-17-picolyl-and-17-picolinylidene-androstane-derivatives-based-on-partial-least-squares-and-principal-component-regression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Constitutive Model for Analysis of Long-Term Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Settlement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irena%20Basaric%20Ikodinovic">Irena Basaric Ikodinovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragoslav%20%20Rakic"> Dragoslav Rakic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirjana%20Vukicevic"> Mirjana Vukicevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Jockovic"> Sanja Jockovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Jankovic%20Pantic"> Jovana Jankovic Pantic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Large long-term settlement occurs at the municipal solid waste landfills over an extended period of time which may lead to breakage of the geomembrane, damage of the cover systems, other protective systems or facilities constructed on top of a landfill. Also, municipal solid waste is an extremely heterogeneous material and its properties vary over location and time within a landfill. These material characteristics require the formulation of a new constitutive model to predict the long-term settlement of municipal solid waste. The paper presents a new constitutive model which is formulated to describe the mechanical behavior of municipal solid waste. Model is based on Modified Cam Clay model and the critical state soil mechanics framework incorporating time-dependent components: mechanical creep and biodegradation of municipal solid waste. The formulated constitutive model is optimized and defined with eight input parameters: five Modified Cam Clay parameters, one parameter for mechanical creep and two parameters for biodegradation of municipal solid waste. Thereafter, the constitutive model is implemented in the software suite for finite element analysis (ABAQUS) and numerical analysis of the experimental landfill settlement is performed. The proposed model predicts the total settlement which is in good agreement with field measured settlement at the experimental landfill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutive%20model" title="constitutive model">constitutive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste" title=" municipal solid waste"> municipal solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139701/constitutive-model-for-analysis-of-long-term-municipal-solid-waste-landfill-settlement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> The Role of the Method of Conception in Description of Intensity and Type of Motivation for Parenthood</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mila%20Radovanovic">Mila Radovanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Jestrovic"> Jovana Jestrovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Mihic"> Ivana Mihic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deciding whether to have a child is a complex psychological process, and the child's birth is an everlasting change in the life of the family. Researchers from all over the world have been recognized the importance of the motivation for parenthood in latter family life, but there is no very clear picture of factors which make the difference in this motivation. One of these factors can be the method of conception and results of the earlier studies are different- some showed the differences, but the others did not. The aim of this study was to determine the type and intensity of motivation for parenting among women in Serbia and to examine whether there are differences in motivation depend on the method of conception. The total sample consisted of 94 women- 57 pregnant women who conceive naturally and the same number of women in the process of in vitro fertilization, who still haven’t known the final result of the process- are they pregnant or no. The Child Study Inventory, which estimates four types of motivation for parenthood- altruistic, instrumental, narcissistic and fatalistic-was used for this purpose. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to answer the main question of the study. The results indicate that there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups of women, while the most common is the altruistic motivation that emphasizes the psychological value of the child, and sees the motivation for parenting as a desire to give love to the child. The results are encouraging because altruistic motivation is intrinsic one and the protective factor for latter family relations and care about child and sensitivity of parents. Altruistic motivation is showed like a good predictor in developing stable emotional relationship between mother and her baby but also is correlated with the higher satisfaction with marriage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20of%20parental%20role" title="development of parental role">development of parental role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20fertilization" title=" in vitro fertilization"> in vitro fertilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation%20for%20parenthood" title=" motivation for parenthood"> motivation for parenthood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86690/the-role-of-the-method-of-conception-in-description-of-intensity-and-type-of-motivation-for-parenthood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Compaction of Municipal Solid Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Jankovic%20Pantic">Jovana Jankovic Pantic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragoslav%20Rakic"> Dragoslav Rakic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tina%20Djuric"> Tina Djuric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irena%20Basaric%20Ikodinovic"> Irena Basaric Ikodinovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snezana%20Bogdanovic"> Snezana Bogdanovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Regardless of the numerous activities undertaken to reduce municipal solid waste, its annual volumes continue to grow. In Serbia, the most common and the only one form of waste disposal is at municipal landfills with daily compaction and soil covering. Municipal waste compacting is one of the basic components of the disposal process. Well compacted waste takes up less volume and allows much safer storage. In order to better predict the behavior of municipal waste at landfills, it is necessary to define compaction parameters: the maximum dry unit weight and optimal moisture content. In current geotechnical practice, the most common method of determination compaction parameters is by the standard method (Proctor compaction test) used in soil mechanics, with an eventual reduction of compaction energy. Although this methodology is accepted in newer geotechnical scientific discipline "waste mechanics", different treatments of municipal waste at the landfill itself (including pretreatment), indicate the need to change this classical approach. The main reason for that is the simulation of the operation of compactors (hedgehogs) at the landfill. Therefore, during the research, various innovative solutions are introduced, such as changing the classic flat Proctor hammer, by adding spikes, whose function is, in addition to compaction, destruction and shredding of municipal waste. The paper presents the behavior of municipal waste for four synthetic waste samples with different waste compositions (Plandište landfill). The samples were tested in standard Proctor apparatus at the same compaction energy, but with two different hammers: standard flat hammer and hammer with spikes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compaction" title="compaction">compaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hammer%20with%20spikes" title=" hammer with spikes"> hammer with spikes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill" title=" landfill"> landfill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste" title=" municipal solid waste"> municipal solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proctor%20compaction%20test" title=" proctor compaction test"> proctor compaction test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139642/compaction-of-municipal-solid-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Antifeedant Activity of Plant Extracts on the Spongy Moth (Lymantria dispar) Larvae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20M.%20%C4%86irkovi%C4%87">Jovana M. Ćirković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20M.%20Radojkovi%C4%87"> Aleksandar M. Radojković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Z.%20Pera%C4%87"> Sanja Z. Perać</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20N.%20Jovanovi%C4%87"> Jelena N. Jovanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorica%20M.%20Brankovi%C4%87"> Zorica M. Branković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slobodan%20D.%20Milanovi%C4%87"> Slobodan D. Milanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Lj.%20Milenkovi%C4%87"> Ivan Lj. Milenković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovan%20N.%20Dobrosavljevi%C4%87"> Jovan N. Dobrosavljević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nemanja%20V.%20Simovi%C4%87"> Nemanja V. Simović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanja%20M.%20Tadi%C4%87"> Vanja M. Tadić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20R.%20%C5%BDugi%C4%87"> Ana R. Žugić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goran%20O.%20Brankovi%C4%87"> Goran O. Branković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The protection of forests is a national interest and of strategic importance in every country. The spongy moth (Lymantria dispar) is a damaging invasive pest that can weaken and destroy trees by defoliating them. Chemical pesticides commonly used to protect forests against spongy moths not only have a negative impact on terrestrial and aquatic organisms/ecosystems but also often fail to provide significant protection. Therefore, many eco-friendly alternatives have been considered. Within this research, a new biopesticide was developed based on the method of nanoencapsulation of plant extracts in a biopolymer matrix, which provides a slow release of the active components during a substantial time period. The antifeedant activity of plant extracts of common (Fraxinus excelsior L.), manna (F. ornus L.) ash tree, and the tree of heaven Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) was tested on the spongy moth (Lymantria dispar L, 1758) larvae. To test the antifeedant activity of these compounds, the choice and non-choice tests in laboratory conditions for different plant extract concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 % v/v) were carried out. In both cases, the best results showed formulations based on the tree of heaven and common ash for the concentration of 1%, with deterioration indices of 163 and 132, respectively. The main benefit of these formulations is their versatility, effectiveness, prolonged effect, and because they are completely environmentally acceptable. Therefore, they can be considered for suppression of the spongy moth in forest ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ailanthus%20altissima%20%28Mill.%29" title="Ailanthus altissima (Mill.)">Ailanthus altissima (Mill.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fraxinus%20excelsior%20L." title=" Fraxinus excelsior L."> Fraxinus excelsior L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation" title=" encapsulation"> encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lymantria%20dispar" title=" Lymantria dispar"> Lymantria dispar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171972/antifeedant-activity-of-plant-extracts-on-the-spongy-moth-lymantria-dispar-larvae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Encapsulated Western Red Cedar (Thuja Plicata) Essential Oil as a Prospective Biopesticide against Phytophthora Pathogens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20M.%20Radojkovi%C4%87">Aleksandar M. Radojković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20M.%20%C4%86irkovi%C4%87"> Jovana M. Ćirković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Z.%20Pera%C4%87"> Sanja Z. Perać</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20N.%20Jovanovi%C4%87"> Jelena N. Jovanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorica%20M.%20Brankovi%C4%87"> Zorica M. Branković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slobodan%20D.%20Milanovi%C4%87"> Slobodan D. Milanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Lj.%20Milenkovi%C4%87"> Ivan Lj. Milenković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovan%20N.%20Dobrosavljevi%C4%87"> Jovan N. Dobrosavljević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nemanja%20V.%20Simovi%C4%87"> Nemanja V. Simović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanja%20M.%20Tadi%C4%87"> Vanja M. Tadić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20R.%20%C5%BDugi%C4%87"> Ana R. Žugić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goran%20O.%20Brankovi%C4%87"> Goran O. Branković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many parts of the world, various Phytophthora species pose a serious threat to forests and crops. With the rapidly growing international trade in plants and the ongoing impacts of climate change, the harmful effects of plant pathogens of the genus Phytophthora are increasing, damaging the biodiversity and sustainability of forest ecosystems. This genus is one of the most destructive plant pathogens, causing the majority of fine root (66%) and collar rot diseases (90%) of woody plant species worldwide. Eco-friendly biopesticides, based on plant-derived products, such as essential oils (EOs), are one of the promising solutions to this problem. In this study, among three different EOs investigated (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl., Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don and Juniperus communis L.), western red cedar (Thuja plicata) essential oil almost completely inhibited the growth of three Phytophthora species (P. plurivora Jung and Burgess, P. quercina Jung, and P. ×cambivora (Petri) Buisman) during seven days of exposure for the EO concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5% (v/v). To prolong the inhibiting effect, Thuja plicata EO was encapsulated into a biopolymer matrix consisting of a chitosan-gelatin mixture to form a water-in-oil emulsion. This approach allowed the prolonged effect of the essential oil by its slow release from the biopolymer matrix and protection of the active components from atmospheric influences. Thus, it was demonstrated that encapsulated Thuja plicata EO consisting of sustainable bioproducts is efficient in controlling of Phytophthora species and can be considered a means of protection in natural and semi-natural ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsions" title="emulsions">emulsions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oils" title=" essential oils"> essential oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytophthora" title=" phytophthora"> phytophthora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thuja%20plicata" title=" thuja plicata"> thuja plicata</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171742/encapsulated-western-red-cedar-thuja-plicata-essential-oil-as-a-prospective-biopesticide-against-phytophthora-pathogens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Developing a Process and Cost Model for Xanthan Biosynthesis from Bioethanol Production Waste Effluents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bojana%20%C5%BD.%20Baji%C4%87">Bojana Ž. Bajić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damjan%20G.%20Vu%C4%8Durovi%C4%87"> Damjan G. Vučurović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sini%C5%A1a%20N.%20Dodi%C4%87"> Siniša N. Dodić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20A.%20Grahovac"> Jovana A. Grahovac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20M.%20Dodi%C4%87"> Jelena M. Dodić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biosynthesis of xanthan, a microbial polysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestris, is characterized by the possibility of using non-specific carbohydrate substrates, which means different waste effluents can be used as a basis for the production media. Potential raw material sources for xanthan production come from industries with large amounts of waste effluents that are rich in compounds necessary for microorganism growth and multiplication. Taking into account the amount of waste effluents generated by the bioethanol industry and the fact that it contains a high inorganic and organic load it is clear that they represent a potential environmental pollutants if not properly treated. For this reason, it is necessary to develop new technologies which use wastes and wastewaters of one industry as raw materials for another industry. The result is not only a new product, but also reduction of pollution and environmental protection. Biotechnological production of xanthan, which consists of using biocatalysts to convert the bioethanol waste effluents into a high-value product, presents a possibility for sustainable development. This research uses scientific software developed for the modeling of biotechnological processes in order to design a xanthan production plant from bioethanol production waste effluents as raw material. The model was developed using SuperPro Designer® by using input data such as the composition of raw materials and products, defining unit operations, utility consumptions, etc., while obtaining capital and operating costs and the revenues from products to create a baseline production plant model. Results from this baseline model can help in the development of novel biopolymer production technologies. Additionally, a detailed economic analysis showed that this process for converting waste effluents into a high value product is economically viable. Therefore, the proposed model represents a useful tool for scaling up the process from the laboratory or pilot plant to a working industrial scale plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnology" title="biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20model" title=" process model"> process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xanthan" title=" xanthan"> xanthan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20effluents" title=" waste effluents"> waste effluents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42343/developing-a-process-and-cost-model-for-xanthan-biosynthesis-from-bioethanol-production-waste-effluents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> The Influence of Apple Pomace on Colour and Chemical Composition of Extruded Corn Snack Product</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Petrovic">Jovana Petrovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Loncarevic"> Ivana Loncarevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20Fistes"> Aleksandar Fistes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antun%20Jozinivic"> Antun Jozinivic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Durdica%20Ackar"> Durdica Ackar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Drago%20Subaric"> Drago Subaric</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recovery of food wastes and their conversion to economically viable products will play a vital role for the management strategies in the years to come. Apple pomace may be considered as wastes, but they contain considerable amounts of high value reusable materials. Apple pomace, the by-product of apple juice and cider production, is a good source of fibre, particularly insoluble one. The remaining apple pulp contains 12% dry residue, which is half dietary fibre. Another remarkable aspect is its richness in polyphenols, components with antioxidant activity. Apple pomace could be an interesting alternative source for fibre and polyphenols in extruded corn meals. The extruded corn meals with the addition of finely ground apple pomace were prepared (the ratio of corn meal: apple pomace was 85:15 and 70:30). Characterization of the extrudates in terms of determining the chemical composition and colour was performed. The color of samples was measured by MINOLTA Chroma Meter CR-400 (Minolta Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) using D 65 lighting, a 2º standard observer angle and an 8-mm aperture in the measuring head. The following CIELab color coordinates were determined: L* – lightness, a* – redness to greenness and b* – yellowness to blueness. Protein content decreased significantly from 7.91% to 5.19% with increase in pomace from 0% to 30%, while total fibre content increase from 3.39% to 16.62%. The apple pomace addition produced extrudates with a significantly lower L* value and significantly higher a* value. This study has been fully supported by the Provincial Secretariat for High Education and Scientific Research of the Government of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, project 142-451-2483/2017 and the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project no. 31014). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apple%20pomace" title="apple pomace">apple pomace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour" title=" colour"> colour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extruded%20corn%20snack%20products" title=" extruded corn snack products"> extruded corn snack products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20waste%20recovery" title=" food waste recovery"> food waste recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93898/the-influence-of-apple-pomace-on-colour-and-chemical-composition-of-extruded-corn-snack-product" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Cultural Heritage in Rural Areas: Added Value for Agro-Tourism Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djurdjica%20Perovic">Djurdjica Perovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Pekovic"> Sanja Pekovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatjana%20Stanovcic"> Tatjana Stanovcic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Vukcevic"> Jovana Vukcevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism development in rural areas calls for a discussion of strategies that would attract more tourists. Several scholars argue that rural areas may become more attractive to tourists by leveraging their cultural heritage. The present paper explores the development of sustainable heritage tourism practices in transitional societies of the Western Balkans, specifically targeting Montenegrin rural areas. It addresses the sustainable tourism as a shift in business paradigm, enhancing the centrality of the host community, fostering the encounters with local culture, customs and heritage and minimizing the environmental and social impact. Disseminating part of the results of the interdisciplinary KATUN project, the paper explores the diversification of economic activities related to the cultural heritage of katuns (temporary settlements in Montenegrin mountainous regions where the agricultural households stay with livestock during the summer season) through sustainable agro-tourism. It addresses the role of heritage tourism in creating more dynamic economy of under-developed mountain areas, new employment opportunities, sources of income for the local community and more balanced regional development, all based on the principle of sustainability. Based on the substantial field research (including interviews with over 50 households and tourists, as well as the number of stakeholders such as relevant Ministries, business communities and media representatives), the paper analyses the strategies employed in raising the awareness and katun-sensitivity of both national and international tourists and stimulating their interest in sustainable agriculture, rural tourism and cultural heritage of Montenegrin mountain regions. Studying the phenomena of responsible tourism and tourists’ consumerist consciousness in Montenegro through development of katuns should allow evaluating stages of sustainability and cultural heritage awareness, closely intertwined with the EU integration processes in the country. Offering deeper insight at the relationship between rural tourism, sustainable agriculture and cultural heritage, the paper aims to understand if cultural heritage of the area is valuable for agro-tourism development and in which context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20tourism" title="heritage tourism">heritage tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title=" sustainable tourism"> sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=added%20value" title=" added value"> added value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montenegro" title=" Montenegro"> Montenegro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61100/cultural-heritage-in-rural-areas-added-value-for-agro-tourism-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Structure-Reactivity Relationship of Some Rhᴵᴵᴵ and Osᴵᴵᴵ Complexes with N-Inert Ligands in Ionic Liquids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Bogojeski">Jovana Bogojeski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dusan%20Cocic"> Dusan Cocic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nenad%20Jankovic"> Nenad Jankovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelina%20Petrovic"> Angelina Petrovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kinetically-inert transition metal complexes, such as Rh(III) and Os(III) complexes, attract increasing attention as leading scaffolds for the development of potential pharmacological agents due to their inertness and stability. Therefore, we have designed and fully characterized a few novel rhodium(III) and osmium(III) complexes with a tridentate nitrogen−donor chelate system. For some complexes, the crystal X-ray structure analysis was performed. Reactivity of the newly synthesized complexes towards small biomolecules, such as L-methionine (L-Met), guanosine-5’-monophosphate (5’-GMP), and glutathione (GSH) has been examined. Also, the reactivity of these complexes towards the DNA/RNA (Ribonucleic acid) duplexes was investigated. Obtained results show that the newly synthesized complexes exhibit good affinity towards the studied ligands. Results also show that the complexes react faster with the RNA duplex than with the DNA and that in the DNA duplex reaction is faster with 15mer GG than with the 22mer GG. The UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy) is absorption spectroscopy, and the EB (Ethidium bromide) displacement studies were used to examine the interaction of these complexes with CT-DNA and BSA (Bovine serum albumin). All studied complex showed good interaction ability with both the DNA and BSA. Furthermore, the DFT (Density-functional theory) calculation and docking studies were performed. The impact of the metal complex on the cytotoxicity was tested by MTT assay (a colorimetric assay for assessing cell metabolic activity) on HCT-116 lines (human colon cancer cell line). In addition, all these tests were repeated in the presence of several water-soluble biologically active ionic liquids. Attained results indicate that the ionic liquids increase the activity of the investigated complexes. All obtained results in this study imply that the introduction of different spectator ligand can be used to improve the reactivity of rhodium(III) and osmium(III) complexes. Finally, these results indicate that the examined complexes show reactivity characteristics needed for potential anti-tumor agents, with possible targets being both the DNA and proteins. Every new contribution in this field is highly warranted due to the current lack of clinically used Metallo-based alternatives to cisplatin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomolecules" title="biomolecules">biomolecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20liquids" title=" ionic liquids"> ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osmium%28III%29" title=" osmium(III)"> osmium(III)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhodium%28III%29" title=" rhodium(III)"> rhodium(III)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123362/structure-reactivity-relationship-of-some-rh-and-os-complexes-with-n-inert-ligands-in-ionic-liquids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Role of Dispositional Affect in Relationship between Life Events and Life Satisfaction among Adolescents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milica%20Lazic">Milica Lazic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Jestrovic"> Jovana Jestrovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to examine moderating role of positive and negative affect, defined as traits, in relationship between a number of stressful life events to which an individual is exposed and life satisfaction. The tendency to experience positive and negative emotions is considered as relatively independent, and life satisfaction depends on presence and intensity of emotions of different valence. However, the role of positive and negative affect can be much more complex. It can change the direction and/or intensity of correlation between a number of stressful life events and life satisfaction. Thus, this question is important for two reasons, (I) better comprehension of inconsistent result of correlation intensity between stressful events and life satisfaction (II) verification on what conditions positive and negative affect have a protective role, and on what conditions the positive and/or negative affect is vulnerability factor. Longitudinal data were collected in two waves from 660 adolescents. Firstly, participants completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. A year later, Life events questionnaire, which measures the number of stressful events in the past six months and Satisfaction with Life Scale were administered. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses: three-way interaction. The results show that number of life events, positive and negative effect contribute to the level of life satisfaction. The check of moderation role shows the significant three-way interaction of number of life event, and both, positive and negative affect. Individuals who report high level of positive affect, estimate to be moderate to highly satisfied with their lives, regardless of number of stressors to which they are exposed and also how often they experience negative emotions. Individuals, who often experience negative emotions and rarely positive, report the lowest level of life satisfaction. It doesn't change despite the number of stressors they were exposed to. Individuals who report that rarely experience not only positive than also negative emotions estimate different level of life satisfaction depending on number of stressors they were exposed to. Under the influence of numerous stressors, their level of life satisfaction is low, and it's equal to life satisfaction level of individuals who often experience negative and rarely positive emotions. The result of this research shows that tendency to often experience positive emotions is the protective factor in situation when individuals are exposed to high number of stressors. On the other hand, tendency to rarely experience positive emotions present vulnerability factor. Conclusions and practical implications are further discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20events" title="life events">life events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20satisfaction" title=" life satisfaction"> life satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20well-being" title=" subjective well-being"> subjective well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20and%20negative%20affect" title=" positive and negative affect"> positive and negative affect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86779/role-of-dispositional-affect-in-relationship-between-life-events-and-life-satisfaction-among-adolescents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> L2 Anxiety, Proficiency, and L2 Willingness to Communicate in the Classroom, Outside the Classroom, and in Digital Setting: Insights from Ethiopian Preparatory Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merih%20Welay%20Welesilassie">Merih Welay Welesilassie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianne%20Nikolov"> Marianne Nikolov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research into second and foreign language (L2) acquisitions has demonstrated that L2 anxiety, perceived proficiency, and L2 willingness to communicate (L2WTC) profoundly impact language learning outcomes. However, the complex interplay between these variables has yet to be fully explored, as these factors are dynamic and context-specific and can vary across different learners and learning environments. This study, therefore, utilized a cross-sectional quantitative survey research design to scrutinise the causal relationships between L2 anxiety, English proficiency, and L2WTC of 609 Ethiopian preparatory school students. The model for the L2WTC, both inside and outside the classroom, has been expanded to include an additional sub-scale known as the L2WTC in a digital setting. Moreover, in contrast to the commonly recognised debilitative-focused L2 anxiety, the construct of L2 anxiety has been divided into facilitative and debilitative anxiety. This method allows to measure not only the presence or absence of anxiety but also evaluate if anxiety helps or hinders the L2 learning experience. A self-assessment proficiency measure was also developed specifically for Ethiopian high school students. The study treated facilitative and debilitative anxiety as independent variables while considering self-assessed English proficiency and L2WTC in the classroom, outside the classroom, and in digital settings as dependent variables. Additionally, self-assessed English proficiency was used as an independent variable to predict L2WTC in these three settings. The proposed model, including these variables, was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). According to the descriptive analysis, the mean scores of L2WTC in the three settings were generally low, ranging from 2.30 to 2.84. Debilitative anxiety casts a shadow on the positive aspects of anxiety. Self-assessed English proficiency was also too low. According to SEM, debilitative anxiety displayed a statistically significant negative impact on L2WTC inside the classroom, outside the classroom, in digital settings, and in self-assessed levels of English proficiency. In contrast, facilitative anxiety was found to positively contribute to L2WTC outside the classroom, in digital settings, and in self-assessed English proficiency. Self-assessed English proficiency made a statistically significant and positive contribution to L2WTC within the classroom, outside the classroom, and in digital contexts. L2WTC inside the classroom was found to positively contribute to L2WTC outside the classrooms and in digital contexts. The findings were systematically compared with existing studies, and the pedagogical implications, limitations, and potential avenues for future research were elucidated. The outcomes of the study have the potential to significantly contribute to the advancement of theoretical and empirical knowledge about improving English education, learning, and communication not only in Ethiopia but also in similar EFL contexts, thereby providing valuable insights for educators, researchers, and policymakers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=debilitative%20anxiety" title="debilitative anxiety">debilitative anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilitative%20anxiety" title=" facilitative anxiety"> facilitative anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L2%20willingness%20to%20communicate" title=" L2 willingness to communicate"> L2 willingness to communicate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assessed%20English%20proficiency" title=" self-assessed English proficiency"> self-assessed English proficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188972/l2-anxiety-proficiency-and-l2-willingness-to-communicate-in-the-classroom-outside-the-classroom-and-in-digital-setting-insights-from-ethiopian-preparatory-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">14</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Glass-Ceramics for Emission in the IR Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Nikolov">V. Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Koseva"> I. Koseva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sole"> R. Sole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Diaz"> F. Diaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cr4+ doped oxide compounds are particularly preferred active media for solid-state lasers with a wide emission region from 1.1 to 1.6 µm. However, obtaining of single crystals of these compounds is often problematic. An alternative solution of this problem is replacing the single crystals with a transparent glassceramics containing the desired crystalline phase. Germanate compounds, especially Li2MgGeO4, Li2ZnGeO4 and Li2CaGeO4, are suitable for Cr4+ doped glass-ceramics because of their relatively low melting temperature and tetrahedral coordination of all ions. The latter ensures the presence of chromium in the 4+ valence. Cr doped Li2CaGeO4 g lass-ceramic was synthesized by thermal treating using glasses from the Li2O-CaO-GeO2-B2O3 system. Special investigations were carried out for optimizing the initial glasscomposition, as well as the thermal treated conditions. The synthesis of the glass ceramics was accompanied by appropriate characterization methods such as: XRD, TEM, EPR, UVVIS-NIR, emission spectra and time decay as main characteristic for the laser emission. From the systematic studies carried out in the four-component system Li2O-CaO-GeO2-B2O3 for establishing the Li2CaGeO4 crystallization area and suitable thermal treatment conditions, several main conclusions can be drawn: 1. The crystallization region of Li2CaGeO4 is relatively narrow, localized around the stoichiometric composition of the Li2CaGeO4 compound. 2. The presence of the glass former B2O3 strongly supports the obtaining of homogeneous glasses at relatively low temperatures, but it is also the reason for the crystallization of borate phases. 3. The crystallization of glasses during thermal treatment is related to the production of more than one phase and it is correct to speak for crystallization of a main phase and accompanying crystallization of other phases. The crystallization of a given phase is related to changing the composition of the residual glass and creating conditions for the crystallization of other phases. 4. The separate studies show that glass-ceramics with different crystallized phases in different quantitative ratios can be obtained from the same composition of glass playing by the thermal treatment conditions. In other words, the choice of temperature and time of thermal treatment of the glass is an extremely important condition, along with the optimization of the starting glass composition. As a result of the conducted research, an optimal composition of the starting glass and an optimal mode of thermal treatment were selected. Glass-ceramic with a main phase Li2CaGeO4 doped by Cr4+ was obtained. The obtained glass-ceramic possess very good properties containing up to 60 mass% of Li2CaGeO4, with an average size of nanoparticles of 20 nm and with transparency about 70 % relative to the transparency of the parent glass. The emission of the obtained glass-ceramics is in a wide range between 1050 and 1500 nm. The obtained results are the basis for further optimization of the glass-ceramic characteristics to obtain an effective laser-active medium with radiation in the 1.1-1.6 nm range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass" title="glass">glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-ceramics" title=" glass-ceramics"> glass-ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicomponent%20systems" title=" multicomponent systems"> multicomponent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NIR%20emission" title=" NIR emission"> NIR emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190739/glass-ceramics-for-emission-in-the-ir-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Commodifying Things Past: Comparative Study of Heritage Tourism Practices in Montenegro and Serbia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Vukcevic">Jovana Vukcevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Pekovic"> Sanja Pekovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djurdjica%20Perovic"> Djurdjica Perovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatjana%20Stanovcic"> Tatjana Stanovcic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a critical inquiry into the role of uncomfortable heritage in nation branding with the particular focus on the specificities of the politics of memory, forgetting and revisionism in the post-communist post-Yugoslavia. It addresses legacies of unwanted, ambivalent or unacknowledged past and different strategies employed by the former-Yugoslav states and private actors in “rebranding” their heritage, ensuring its preservation, but re-contextualizing the narrative of the past through contemporary tourism practices. It questions the interplay between nostalgia, heritage and market, and the role of heritage in polishing the history of totalitarian and authoritarian regimes in the Balkans. It argues that in post-socialist Yugoslavia, the necessity to limit correlations with former ideology and the use of the commercial brush in shaping a marketable version of the past instigated the emergence of the profit-oriented heritage practices. Building on that argument, the paper addresses these issues as “commodification” and “disneyfication” of Balkans’ ambivalent heritage, contributing to the analysis of changing forms of memorialisation and heritagization practices in Europe. It questions the process of ‘coming to terms with the past’ through marketable forms of heritage tourism, fetching the boundary between market-driven nostalgia and state-imposed heritage policies. In order to analyse plurality of ways of dealing with controversial, ambivalent and unwanted heritage of dictatorships in the Balkans, the paper considers two prominent examples of heritage commodification in Serbia and Montenegro, and the re-appropriations of those narratives for the nation branding purposes. The first one is the story of the Tito’s Blue Train, the landmark of the socialist past and the symbol of Yugoslavia which has nowadays being used for birthday parties and marriage celebrations, while the second emphasises the unusual business arrangement turning the fortress Mamula, former concentration camp through the Second World War, into a luxurious Mediterranean resort. Questioning how the ‘uneasy’ past was acknowledged and embedded into the official heritage institutions and tourism practices, study examines the changing relation towards the legacies of dictatorships, inviting us to rethink the economic models of the things past. Analysis of these processes should contribute to better understanding of the new mnemonics strategies and (converging?) ways of ‘doing’ past in Europe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commodification" title="commodification">commodification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20tourism" title=" heritage tourism"> heritage tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=totalitarianism" title=" totalitarianism"> totalitarianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serbia" title=" Serbia"> Serbia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montenegro" title=" Montenegro"> Montenegro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61102/commodifying-things-past-comparative-study-of-heritage-tourism-practices-in-montenegro-and-serbia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Sensory Characteristics of White Chocolate Enriched with Encapsulated Raspberry Juice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Loncarevic">Ivana Loncarevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Petrovic"> Jovana Petrovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danica%20Zaric"> Danica Zaric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesna%20Tumbas%20Saponjac"> Vesna Tumbas Saponjac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20Fistes"> Aleksandar Fistes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chocolate is a food that activates pleasure centers in the human brain. In comparison to black and milk chocolate, white chocolate does not contain fat-free cocoa solids and thus lacks bioactive components. The aim of this study was to examine the sensory characteristics of enriched white chocolate with the addition of 10% of raspberry juice encapsulated in maltodextrins (denoted as encapsulate). Chocolate is primarily intended for enjoyment, and therefore, the sensory expectation is a critical factor for consumers when selecting a new type of chocolate. Consumer acceptance of chocolate depends primarily on the appearance and taste, but also very much on the mouthfeel, which mainly depends on the particle size of chocolate. Chocolate samples were evaluated by a panel of 8 trained panelists, food technologists, trained according to ISO 8586 (2012). Panelists developed the list of attributes to be used in this study: intensity of red color (light to dark); glow on the surface (mat to shiny); texture on snap (appearance of cavities or holes on the snap surface that are seen - even to gritty); hardness (hardness felt during the first bite of chocolate sample in half by incisors - soft to hard); melting (the time needed to convert solid chocolate into a liquid state – slowly to quickly); smoothness (perception of evenness of chocolate during melting - very even to very granular); fruitiness (impression of fruity taste - light fruity notes to distinct fruity notes); sweetness (organoleptic characteristic of pure substance or mixture giving sweet taste - lightly sweet to very sweet). The chocolate evaluation was carried out 24 h after sample preparation in the sensory laboratory, in partitioned booths, which were illuminated with fluorescent lights (ISO 8589, 2007). Samples were served in white plastic plates labeled with three-digit codes from a random number table. Panelist scored the perceived intensity of each attribute using a 7-point scale (1 = the least intensity and 7 = the most intensity) (ISO 4121, 2002). The addition of 10% of encapsulate had a big influence on chocolate color, where enriched chocolate got a nice reddish color. At the same time, the enriched chocolate sample had less intensity of gloss on the surface. The panelists noticed that addition of encapsulate reduced the time needed to convert solid chocolate into a liquid state, increasing its hardness. The addition of encapsulate had a significant impact on chocolate flavor. It reduced the sweetness of white chocolate and contributed to the fruity raspberry flavor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20chocolate" title="white chocolate">white chocolate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulated%20raspberry%20juice" title=" encapsulated raspberry juice"> encapsulated raspberry juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color" title=" color"> color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20characteristics" title=" sensory characteristics"> sensory characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104110/sensory-characteristics-of-white-chocolate-enriched-with-encapsulated-raspberry-juice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Mental Health and Secondary Trauma in Service Providers Working with Refugees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marko%20%C5%BDivanovi%C4%87">Marko Živanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Bjeki%C4%87"> Jovana Bjekić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%C5%A1a%20Vuk%C4%8Devi%C4%87%20Markovi%C4%87"> Maša Vukčević Marković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Professionals and volunteers involved in refugee protection and support are on a daily basis faced with people who have experienced numerous traumatic experiences and, as such, are subjected to secondary traumatization (ST). The aim of this study was to provide insight into risk factors for ST in helpers working with refugees in Serbia. A total of 175 participants working with refugees fulfilled: Secondary Traumatization Questionnaire, checklist of refugees’ traumatic experiences, Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL) assessing depression and anxiety symptoms, quality of life questionnaire (MANSA), HEXACO personality inventory, and COPE assessing coping mechanisms. In addition, participants provided information on work-related problems. Qualitative analysis of answers to the question about most difficult part of their job has shown that burnout-related issues are clustered around three recurrent topics that can be considered as the most prominent generators of stress, namely: ‘lack of organization and cooperation’, ‘not been able to do enough’, and ‘hard to take it and to process it’. Factor analysis (Maximum likelihood extraction, Promax rotation) have shown that ST comprises of two correlated factors (r = .533, p < .01), namely Psychological deficits and Intrusions. Results have shown that risk factor for ST could be find in three interrelated sources: 1) work-related problems; 2) personality-related risk factors and 3) clients’ traumatic experiences. Among personality related factors, it was shown that risk factor for Intrusions could be find in – high Emotionality (β = .221, p < .05), and Altruism (β = .322, p < .01), while low Extraversion (β = -.365, p < .01) represents risk factor for Psychological deficits. In addition, usage of maladaptive coping mechanisms –mental disengagement (r = .253, p < .01), behavioral disengagement (r = .274, p < .01), focusing on distress and venting of emotions (r = .220, p < .05), denial (r = .164, p < .05), and substance use (r = .232, p < .01) correlate with Psychological deficits while Intrusions corelate with Mental disengagement (r = .251, p < .01) and denial (r = .183, p < .05). Regarding clients’ traumatic experiences it was shown that both quantity of traumatic events in country of origin (for Deficits r = .226, p < .01; for Intrusions r = .174, p < .05) and in transit (for Deficits r = .288, p < .01), as well as certain content-related features of such experiences (especially experiences which are severely dislocated from ‘everyday reality’) are related to ST. In addition, Psychological deficits and Intrusions have shown to be accompanied by symptoms of depression (r = .760, p < .01; r = .552, p < .01) and anxiety (r = .740, p < .01; r = .447, p < .01) and overall lower life quality (r = -.454, p < .01; r = .256, p < .01). Results indicate that psychological vulnerability of persons who are working with traumatized individuals can be found in certain personality traits, and usage of maladaptive coping mechanisms, which disable one to deal with work-related issues, and to cope with quantity and quality of traumatic experiences they were faced with, affecting ones’ psychological well-being. Acknowledgement: This research was funded by IRC Serbia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title="mental health">mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refugees" title=" refugees"> refugees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20traumatization" title=" secondary traumatization"> secondary traumatization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traumatic%20experiences" title=" traumatic experiences"> traumatic experiences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81885/mental-health-and-secondary-trauma-in-service-providers-working-with-refugees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> The Impact of Encapsulated Raspberry Juice on the Surface Colour of Enriched White Chocolate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Loncarevic">Ivana Loncarevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Petrovic"> Jovana Petrovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20Fistes"> Aleksandar Fistes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesna%20Tumbas%20Saponjac"> Vesna Tumbas Saponjac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danica%20Zaric"> Danica Zaric</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chocolate is a complex rheological system usually defined as a suspension consisting of non-fat particles dispersed in cocoa butter as a continuous fat phase. Dark chocolate possesses polyphenols as major constituents whose dietary consumption has been associated with beneficial effects. Milk chocolate is formulated with a lower percentage of cocoa bean liquor than dark chocolate and it often contains lower amounts of polyphenols, while in white chocolate the fat-free cocoa solids are left out completely. Following the current trend of development of functional foods, there is an idea to create enriched white chocolate with the addition of encapsulated bioactive compounds from berry fruits. The aim of this study was to examine the surface colour of enriched white chocolate with the addition of 6, 8, and 10% of raspberry juice encapsulated in maltodextrins, in order to preserve the stability, bioactivity, and bioavailability of the active ingredients. The surface color of samples was measured by MINOLTA Chroma Meter CR-400 (Minolta Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) using D 65 lighting, a 2º standard observer angle and an 8-mm aperture in the measuring head. The following CIELab color coordinates were determined: L* – lightness, a* – redness to greenness and b* – yellowness to blueness. The addition of raspberry encapsulates led to the creation of new type of enriched chocolate. Raspberry encapsulate changed the values of the lightness (L*), a* (red tone) and b* (yellow tone) measured on the surface of enriched chocolate in accordance with applied concentrations. White chocolate has significantly (p < 0.05) highest L* (74.6) and b* (20.31) values of all samples indicating the bright surface of the white chocolate, as well as a high share of a yellow tone. At the same time, white chocolate has the negative a* value (-1.00) on its surface which includes green tones. Raspberry juice encapsulate has the darkest surface with significantly (p < 0.05) lowest value of L* (42.75), where increasing of its concentration in enriched chocolates decreases their L* values. Chocolate with 6% of encapsulate has significantly (p < 0.05) highest value of L* (60.56) in relation to enriched chocolate with 8% of encapsulate (53.57), and 10% of encapsulate (51.01). a* value measured on the surface of white chocolate is negative (-1.00) tending towards green tones. Raspberry juice encapsulates increases red tone in enriched chocolates in accordance with the added amounts (23.22, 30.85, and 33.32 in enriched chocolates with 6, 8, and 10% encapsulated raspberry juice, respectively). The presence of yellow tones in enriched chocolates significantly (p < 0.05) decreases with the addition of E (with b* value 5.21), from 10.01 in enriched chocolate with a minimal amount of raspberry juice encapsulates to 8.91 in chocolate with a maximum concentration of raspberry juice encapsulate. The addition of encapsulated raspberry juice to white chocolate led to the creation of new type of enriched chocolate with attractive color. The research in this paper was conducted within the project titled ‘Development of innovative chocolate products fortified with bioactive compounds’ (Innovation Fund Project ID 50051). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color" title="color">color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulated%20raspberry%20juice" title=" encapsulated raspberry juice"> encapsulated raspberry juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenols" title=" polyphenols"> polyphenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20chocolate" title=" white chocolate"> white chocolate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93862/the-impact-of-encapsulated-raspberry-juice-on-the-surface-colour-of-enriched-white-chocolate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Reduction of Specific Energy Consumption in Microfiltration of Bacillus velezensis Broth by Air Sparging and Turbulence Promoter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Grahovac">Jovana Grahovac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Pajcin"> Ivana Pajcin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasa%20Lukic"> Natasa Lukic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20Dodic"> Jelena Dodic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20Jokic"> Aleksandar Jokic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To obtain purified biomass to be used in the plant pathogen biocontrol or as soil biofertilizer, it is necessary to eliminate residual broth components at the end of the fermentation process. The main drawback of membrane separation techniques is permeate flux decline due to the membrane fouling. Fouling mitigation measures increase the pressure drop along membrane channel due to the increased resistance to flow of the feed suspension, thus increasing the hydraulic power drop. At the same time, these measures lead to an increase in the permeate flux due to the reduced resistance of the filtration cake on the membrane surface. Because of these opposing effects, the energy efficiency of fouling mitigation measures is limited, and the justification of its application is provided by information on a reducing specific energy consumption compared to a case without any measures employed. In this study, the influence of static mixer (Kenics) and air-sparging (two-phase flow) on reduction of specific energy consumption (ER) was investigated. Cultivation Bacillus velezensis was carried out in the 3-L bioreactor (Biostat® Aplus) containing 2 L working volume with two parallel Rushton turbines and without internal baffles. Cultivation was carried out at 28 °C on at 150 rpm with an aeration rate of 0.75 vvm during 96 h. The experiments were carried out in a conventional cross-flow microfiltration unit. During experiments, permeate and retentate were recycled back to the broth vessel to simulate continuous process. The single channel ceramic membrane (TAMI Deutschland) used had a nominal pore size 200 nm with the length of 250 mm and an inner/external diameter of 6/10 mm. The useful membrane channel surface was 4.33×10⁻³ m². Air sparging was brought by the pressurized air connected by a three-way valve to the feed tube by a simple T-connector without diffusor. The different approaches to flux improvement are compared in terms of energy consumption. Reduction of specific energy consumption compared to microfiltration without fouling mitigation is around 49% and 63%, for use of two-phase flow and a static mixer, respectively. In the case of a combination of these two fouling mitigation methods, ER is 60%, i.e., slightly lower compared to the use of turbulence promoter alone. The reason for this result can be found in the fact that flux increase is more affected by the presence of a Kenics static mixer while sparging results in an increase of energy used during microfiltration. By comparing combined method with turbulence promoter flux enhancement method ER is negative (-7%) which can be explained by increased power consumption for air flow with moderate contribution to the flux increase. Another confirmation for this fact can be found by comparing energy consumption values for combined method with energy consumption in the case of two-phase flow. In this instance energy reduction (ER) is 22% that demonstrates that turbulence promoter is more efficient compared to two phase flow. Antimicrobial activity of Bacillus velezensis biomass against phytopathogenic isolates Xanthomonas campestris was preserved under different fouling reduction methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20velezensis" title="Bacillus velezensis">Bacillus velezensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfiltration" title=" microfiltration"> microfiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20mixer" title=" static mixer"> static mixer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119795/reduction-of-specific-energy-consumption-in-microfiltration-of-bacillus-velezensis-broth-by-air-sparging-and-turbulence-promoter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Educational Impact of Participatory Theatre Based Intervention on Gender Equality Attitudes, Youth in Serbia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasna%20Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%20%C4%90or%C4%91evi%C4%87">Jasna Milošević Đorđević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelisaveta%20%20Blagojevi%C4%87"> Jelisaveta Blagojević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jovana%20Timotijevi%C4%87"> Jovana Timotijević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alison%20Mckinley"> Alison Mckinley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Young people in Serbia, have grown up in turbulent times during the Balkan wars, in a cultural and economic isolation without adequate education on (ethnic, gender, social,..) equality. They often have very strong patriarchal gender stereotypes. The perception of gender in Serbia is still heavily influenced by traditional worldview and young people have little opportunity in traditional educational system to challenge it, receiving no formal sex education. Educational policies have addressed achieving gender equality as one of the goals, supporting all young people to gain better educational opportunities, but there are obvious shortcomings of the official education system in implementation of those goals. Therefore new approaches should be implemented. We evaluate the impact of non traditional approach, such as participatory theatre performance with strong transformative potential, especially in relation to gender issues. Theatre based intervention (TBI) was created to provoke the young people to become aware of their gender constructs. Engaging young people in modern form of education such as transformative gender intervention through participatory theatre could have positive impact on their sex knowledge and understanding gender roles. The transformative process in TBI happens on two levels – the affective and the cognitive. The founding agency of the project and evaluation is IPPF. The most important aim of this survey is evaluation of the transformative TBI, as a new educational approach related to better understanding gender as social construct. To reach this goal, we have measured attitude change in three indicators: a) gender identity/ perception of feminine identity, perception of masculine identity, importance of gender for personal identity, b) gender roles on the labor market, c) Gender equality in partnership & sexual behavior. Our main hypothesis is that participatory theatre-based intervention can have a transformational potential in challenging traditional gender knowledge and attitudes among youth in Serbia. To evaluate the impact of TB intervention, we implement: online baseline and end-line survey with nonparticipants of the TBI on the representative sample in targeted towns (control group). Additionally we conducted testing the experimental group twice: pretest at the beginning of each TBI and post testing of participants after the play. A sample of 500 respondents aged 18-30 years, from 9 towns in Serbia responded to online questionnaire in September 2017, in a baseline research. Pre and post measurement of all tested variables among participants in nine towns would be performed. End-line survey with 500 respondents would be conducted at the end of the project (early year 2018). After the first TBI (60 participants) no impact was detected on measured indicators: perception of desirable characteristics of man F(1,59)= 1.291, p=.260; perception of desirable characteristics of women F(1,55)=1.386, p= .244; gender identity importance F(1,63)= .050, p=.824; sex related behavior F(1,61)=1,145, p=.289; gender equality on labor market F(1,63)=.076, p=.783; gender equality in partnership F(1,61)=.201, p=.656; However, we hope that following intervention would bring more data showing that participatory theatre intervention explaining gender as a social construct could have additional positive impact in traditional educational system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20impact" title="educational impact">educational impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20identity" title=" gender identity"> gender identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20role" title=" gender role"> gender role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20theatre%20based%20intervention" title=" participatory theatre based intervention"> participatory theatre based intervention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83143/educational-impact-of-participatory-theatre-based-intervention-on-gender-equality-attitudes-youth-in-serbia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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