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src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/5c707d47e64ace223b3e6c828558745c01f038f8/0_27_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="465" height="279" loading="eager" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><span class="dcr-v822l1"><div class="dcr-gup2gr"><div class="dcr-zy1nbx"><label for="the-checkbox" class="dcr-1xgwz8b"><svg width="6" height="14" fill="white" viewBox="0 0 6 14"><path d="M4.6 12l-.4 1.4c-.7.2-1.9.6-3 .6-.7 0-1.2-.2-1.2-.9 0-.2 0-.3.1-.5l2-6.7H.7l.4-1.5 4.2-.6h.2L3 12h1.6zm-.3-9.2c-.9 0-1.4-.5-1.4-1.3C2.9.5 3.7 0 4.6 0 5.4 0 6 .5 6 1.3c0 1-.8 1.5-1.7 1.5z"></path></svg></label><input type="checkbox" id="the-checkbox"/> <div id="the-caption"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1ie0kc7"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Arsen Mednik was among the first Ukrainian Roma to volunteer in the defence of the country when Russian forces began occupying his home town, Bucha.</span> Photograph: supplied</figcaption></div></div></div></span><a href="#img-1" data-ignore="global-link-styling" aria-hidden="true" tabIndex="-1" class="open-lightbox dcr-13fd1ms"><button data-element-id="a79831fd-d913-4f4c-bf67-874336699371" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="open-lightbox dcr-4tmywn"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8.75V1.5l-.5-.5h-7.25v1.25l4.5.6L14 8.575 15.4 10l5.75-5.725.6 4.475zm-22 6.5v7.25l.475.5h7.25v-1.25l-4.475-.6 5.725-5.775L8.6 14l-5.775 5.725-.575-4.475z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-194i6pr">View image in fullscreen</span></button></a></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Arsen Mednik was among the first Ukrainian Roma to volunteer in the defence of the country when Russian forces began occupying his home town, Bucha.</span> Photograph: supplied</figcaption></span></figure></div></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:title;" data-gu-name="title" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-10355cg"><div class="dcr-0"><span class="dcr-1v9xu6e"></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/roma-gypsies-and-travellers" data-component="section" data-link-name="article section" class="content__label__link dcr-qmfkju"><span>Roma, Gypsies and Travellers</span></a></div></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:border;" data-gu-name="border" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-upmzd8"></div></div><div style="--grid-area:headline;" data-gu-name="headline" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-cohhs3"><div class="dcr-notra3"><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-13832xi"><svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="currentColor"><path d="M5.4 0C2.4 0 0 2.4 0 5.4s2.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4-2.4 5.4-5.4S8.4 0 5.4 0zm3 6.8H4.7V1.7h.7L6 5.4l2.4.6v.8z"></path></svg> This article is more than <strong>6 months old</strong></div></div><h1 class="dcr-u0152o">‘My example can change minds’: Roma fighting for place in postwar Ukraine</h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i">This article is more than 6 months old</div></div></div></div><div style="--grid-area:standfirst;" data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class=" dcr-1m3qdf6"><p>Campaigners across Europe call on Kyiv to recognise contribution of marginalised community</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/apr/29/russia-ukraine-war-live-frontline-moscow-east-ukraine-us-weapons" data-link-name="in standfirst link">Ukraine war – live updates</a></li> </ul></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:meta;" data-gu-name="meta" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-ich95x"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="13" viewBox="0 0 1300 13" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--article-border)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-194w08h"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line></svg></div></div><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class=" dcr-1v9sla6"><div class="dcr-5oiine"><div class="dcr-1kpcv08"><div class="dcr-1r4u1x3"><picture class="dcr-fbvh4p"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2023/07/12/Ashifa_Kassam.png?width=140&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2023/07/12/Ashifa_Kassam.png?width=140&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 740px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2023/07/12/Ashifa_Kassam.png?width=75&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2023/07/12/Ashifa_Kassam.png?width=75&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Ashifa Kassam" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2023/07/12/Ashifa_Kassam.png?width=75&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" class="dcr-1yduq3m"/></picture></div><div><address aria-label="Contributor info" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline"><div class=" dcr-1cfpnlw"><a rel="author" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/ashifa-kassam">Ashifa Kassam</a><span> European community affairs correspondent</span></div></address><details style="--mobile-color:inherit;" class="dcr-1pexjb9"><summary class="dcr-1ybxn6r"><span class="dcr-u0h1qy">Mon 29 Apr 2024 11.46 BST</span></summary>Last modified on Thu 2 May 2024 07.43 BST</details></div></div><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-9dgpdq"><div class=" dcr-16lnb0w"><gu-island name="ShareButton" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"pageId":"world/2024/apr/29/roma-postwar-ukraine","webTitle":"‘My example can change minds’: Roma fighting for place in postwar Ukraine","format":{"design":10,"display":0,"theme":0},"context":"ArticleMeta"}"><a href="mailto:?subject=‘My example can change minds’: Roma fighting for place in postwar Ukraine&body=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/29/roma-postwar-ukraine?CMP=share_btn_url" type="button" class="dcr-bao4ku">Share<div class="src-button-space"></div><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19 16c1.675 0 3 1.35 3 3 0 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data-gu-name="body" class="dcr-1upb05m"><span class="dcr-1iz7gbk"><gu-island name="ExpandableMarketingCardWrapper" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="idle" props="{"guardianBaseURL":"https://www.theguardian.com"}"></gu-island></span><div class="dcr-1a4fred"><div id="maincontent" class="dcr-1bwys2b"><div class="article-body-commercial-selector article-body-viewer-selector dcr-1q6n3e0"><p class="dcr-1eu361v"><span style="color:var(--drop-cap);font-weight:500;" class="dcr-15rw6c2">G</span>rowing up in <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/ukraine" data-link-name="in body link" data-component="auto-linked-tag">Ukraine</a>, Arsen Mednik often found himself singled out – at school children would point at him, calling him “gypsy”, while employers were often reluctant to hire him when they learned he was Roma.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">But in early 2022, as Russian forces began their<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/10/bucha-tells-of-a-dark-and-savage-occupation-deaths-russian-forces" data-link-name="in body link"> savage occupation</a> of his home town of Bucha, Mednik was among the first Ukrainian Roma to volunteer in the defence of the country.</p><div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island name="SignInGateSelector" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","sectionId":"world","tags":[{"id":"world/roma-gypsies-and-travellers","type":"Keyword","title":"Roma, Gypsies and Travellers"},{"id":"world/ukraine","type":"Keyword","title":"Ukraine"},{"id":"world/race","type":"Keyword","title":"Race"},{"id":"world/europe-news","type":"Keyword","title":"Europe"},{"id":"world/world","type":"Keyword","title":"World news"},{"id":"campaign/email/this-is-europe","type":"Campaign","title":"This is Europe (newsletter 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class="dcr-1eu361v">“My only thought was that I wanted to defend people,” he said. “The Russians weren’t paying attention to who was Roma or Ukrainian. They just killed everyone.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The 34-year-old is among the many Roma people on the frontlines of the war on Ukraine, risking their lives despite their own personal experiences of marginalisation and wider concerns over whether they will have a place in the country when the war ends.</p><figure id="a2f6e90c-4a8c-4d9f-843f-cf16ca16a7e1" data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.ImageBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><div id="img-2" class="dcr-1t8m8f2"><picture class="dcr-evn1e9"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=605&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=605&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=445&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Destroyed buildings in Bucha, Ukraine." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/45c6d9f97965ad9df5a9a3af8ee9f463a3ab9391/0_421_6720_4032/master/6720.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="445" height="267" loading="lazy" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><a href="#img-2" data-ignore="global-link-styling" aria-hidden="true" tabIndex="-1" class="open-lightbox dcr-13fd1ms"><button data-element-id="a2f6e90c-4a8c-4d9f-843f-cf16ca16a7e1" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="open-lightbox dcr-4tmywn"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8.75V1.5l-.5-.5h-7.25v1.25l4.5.6L14 8.575 15.4 10l5.75-5.725.6 4.475zm-22 6.5v7.25l.475.5h7.25v-1.25l-4.475-.6 5.725-5.775L8.6 14l-5.775 5.725-.575-4.475z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-194i6pr">View image in fullscreen</span></button></a></div><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Destroyed buildings in Bucha, Arsen Mednik’s home town.</span> Photograph: Alessio Mamo/The Guardian</figcaption></figure><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Exact figures of how many from the community are fighting are hard to come by, but it is estimated that there are a few thousand, said Stephan Müller, an adviser on international affairs with the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The actual number among the country’s estimated 400,000 Roma could be even higher – a <a href="https://romaforeurope.org/" data-link-name="in body link">recent survey</a> of 143 Roma in Ukraine by the Roma Foundation for Europe found that a quarter of respondents had relatives on the frontlines. Of these, a third were volunteers.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">It’s a remarkable contribution given that Roma, whose roots in Ukraine trace back centuries, rank among the country’s <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/aug/27/they-wanted-to-kill-us-masked-neo-fascists-strike-fear-into-ukraines-roma" data-link-name="in body link">most discriminated against</a>, complicating their access to decent housing, jobs, healthcare and schooling.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">In the years before Russia’s <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2024/feb/21/two-years-of-war-in-ukraine-then-and-now" data-link-name="in body link">full-scale invasion,</a> Roma were <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/aug/27/they-wanted-to-kill-us-masked-neo-fascists-strike-fear-into-ukraines-roma" data-link-name="in body link">targeted</a> regularly by far-right groups, resulting in the deaths of at least two people and leading Amnesty International to <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2019/04/ukraine-a-year-after-attack-on-roma-camp-in-kyiv-no-justice-for-victims/" data-link-name="in body link">warn in 2019 </a>that “attacks against Roma are becoming increasingly vicious in Ukraine” and urge that perpetrators be brought to justice.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“There is strong antigypsyism in Ukraine, we shouldn’t deny that,” said Müller. “But despite all of this racism, Roma are standing on the side of Ukraine and fighting.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Müller is among the campaigners across Europe who are calling on Ukraine to recognise the contributions of Roma and do more to secure their place in the country once the war ends. Their efforts are guided by <a href="https://www.errc.org/cikk.php?cikk=798" data-link-name="in body link">recent history,</a> in which Roma were often expelled or excluded from reconstruction efforts following periods of war.</p><figure id="e449572d-0e18-476e-a2e8-43b0dd24db71" data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.ImageBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><div id="img-3" class="dcr-1t8m8f2"><picture class="dcr-evn1e9"><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=620&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=620&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 660px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=605&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=605&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 480px)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=445&dpr=2&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)"/><source srcSet="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" media="(min-width: 320px)"/><img alt="Two men in military uniforms" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/372c15ecebe6524f12a271201d5349e4f6d39bf9/0_595_1080_648/master/1080.jpg?width=445&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="445" height="267" loading="lazy" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><a href="#img-3" data-ignore="global-link-styling" aria-hidden="true" tabIndex="-1" class="open-lightbox dcr-13fd1ms"><button data-element-id="e449572d-0e18-476e-a2e8-43b0dd24db71" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="open-lightbox dcr-4tmywn"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8.75V1.5l-.5-.5h-7.25v1.25l4.5.6L14 8.575 15.4 10l5.75-5.725.6 4.475zm-22 6.5v7.25l.475.5h7.25v-1.25l-4.475-.6 5.725-5.775L8.6 14l-5.775 5.725-.575-4.475z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-194i6pr">View image in fullscreen</span></button></a></div><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Arsen Mednik with Maxym Tymchenko, a Roma and senior lieutenant, who was killed in Mariinka in December. At the time Tymchenko was commanding the company where Mednik was serving. </span> Photograph: supplied</figcaption></figure><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“So in Kosovo, for example, more than 100,000 – almost two-thirds of the Roma population – were expelled primarily after the war,” said Müller. Some were <a href="https://balkaninsight.com/2023/01/09/roma-tell-long-neglected-stories-of-kosovo-wars-enduring-impact/" data-link-name="in body link">targeted by violence, </a>forcing them to flee, while others ended up displaced after unequal treatment by authorities.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">In Ukraine, Roma who are not on the frontlines have sought to contribute in other ways, said Müller, citing fundraising efforts to purchase army equipment, Roma artists who are holding concerts for the army and Roma-led NGOs who are serving up free meals to non-Roma who are in need.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“This has to be made public,” he said. “And has to be acknowledged, recognised and properly rewarded in a postwar period. Rather than wreak havoc and violence against Roma or expel them.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The efforts to highlight Roma contributions to the war efforts have come up against the stereotype-heavy coverage of the community by many in mainstream media, said Nataliia Tomenko of ARCA, an agency that supports Roma youth and works to preserve Roma history and culture in Ukraine.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“In general, when they talk about communities in Ukraine, it’s not on the level it should be,” she said. “There is no positive representation.” Her organisation has sought to combat this by <a href="https://arca.org.ua/en/posts/voni-sluzhat-ukran-portreti-romv-yak-zahischayut-derzhavu/" data-link-name="in body link">spotlighting the stories</a> of several Roma soldiers on its website.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The government in Ukraine has also made some efforts to this end, recognising the contribution of minorities, including Roma, to the country’s defence <a href="https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en/news/uriad-skhvalyv-kontseptsiiu-derzhavnoi-tsilovoi-natsionalno-kulturnoi-prohramy-iednist-u-rozmaitti-do-2034-roku" data-link-name="in body link">in state programmes</a> and bestowing an <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230309-brothers-in-arms-war-brings-ukrainians-and-roma-closer-for-now" data-link-name="in body link">award for bravery</a> to Viktor Ilchak, a Roma soldier from western Ukraine, last year.</p><figure data-spacefinder-role="inline" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.NewsletterSignupBlockElement" class=" dcr-173mewl"><a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="#EmailSignup-skip-link-18" class="dcr-jzxpee">skip past newsletter promotion</a><aside aria-label="newsletter promotion" class="dcr-av5vqf"><div class="dcr-10et71f"><p class="dcr-rsfwa">Sign up to <span>This is Europe</span></p><div class="dcr-9ypm66"><div class="dcr-ibdtyj"><div class="dcr-1hwoqtr"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M18.364 2H5.636v5.68H3.43L2 9.29l9.048 7.504h1.904L22 9.289 20.571 7.68h-2.207zm-1.819 5.68v-.946h-9.09v.946zm0-3.787h-9.09v.947h9.09zM2 20.58v-8.994l9.048 6.627h1.904L22 11.586v8.994L20.571 22H3.43zM7.455 9.574h9.09v.947h-9.09z"></path></svg></div><span class="dcr-tx2qx">Free weekly newsletter</span></div></div></div><p class="dcr-1xjndtj">The most pressing stories and debates for Europeans – from identity to economics to the environment</p><gu-island name="SecureSignup" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"newsletterId":"this-is-europe","successDescription":"The most pressing stories and debates for Europeans – from identity to economics to the environment"}"><form id="secure-signup-this-is-europe" class="dcr-kfi215"><label for="P0-2" class="dcr-0"><div class="dcr-1qn103b">Enter your email address </div></label><input type="email" id="P0-2" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" aria-describedby required name="email" class="dcr-dpem99"/><button type="submit" aria-live="polite" class="dcr-zll6x8">Sign up</button></form></gu-island><span class="dcr-1eusqlu"><strong>Privacy Notice: </strong>Newsletters may contain info about charities, online ads, and content funded by outside parties. For more information see our <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://www.theguardian.com/help/privacy-policy" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Privacy Policy</a>. We use Google reCaptcha to protect our website and the Google <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://policies.google.com/privacy" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Privacy Policy</a> and <a data-ignore="global-link-styling" href="https://policies.google.com/terms" rel="noreferrer" class="dcr-1rjy2q9">Terms of Service</a> apply.</span></aside><p id="EmailSignup-skip-link-18" tabIndex="0" aria-label="after newsletter promotion" role="note" class="dcr-jzxpee">after newsletter promotion</p></figure><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Campaigners <a href="https://neweasterneurope.eu/2024/04/11/minority-communities-and-their-future-in-ukraine-the-case-of-roma/" data-link-name="in body link">have warned</a> that Ukraine’s national recovery plan fails to meaningfully address many of the distinct issues faced by Roma, such as those who live in informal housing without ownership documents, potentially complicating access to compensation or financial assistance for rebuilding, to those who lack the documents needed to prove their citizenship or residence status.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Postwar plans also need to take into account the disproportionate effect that the war has had on many in the Roma community, said Anzhelika Bielova, the founder of Voice of Romni, an organisation working to empower Roma women in Ukraine.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“The vulnerability of already-vulnerable groups was amplified,” said Bielova, whose organisation has shifted to providing humanitarian aid since the war began.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“The majority of Ukrainians have better access to services and information than the Roma community, which is in a vulnerable situation,” she said, citing the lack of internet access and information on available resources that affect many in the community.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">The invasion came on the heels of the coronavirus pandemic, both of which forced many schools in the country to shift classes online. Grappling with a lack of technology such as laptops and smartphones, many Roma children were locked out of learning, giving rise to a void that could seriously affect their future but also their postwar role in the country.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Few organisations – whether in Ukraine or outside – have addressed these issues, she said. “In parts of Roma settlements in western Ukraine, people are living in awful conditions, without gas, without heat and without access to water,” she added. “And they’re invisible to humanitarian actors.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">After spending the first days of the war digging trenches in and around Kyiv, Mednik eventually joined the army.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Standing shoulder to shoulder with others in Ukraine, he saw much of the discrimination he had wrestled with his whole life melt away. “People who get to know me, they have a good opinion about Roma,” he said. “I realised that my example can change people’s minds.”</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">In September, as he crouched in a trench near Kherson, he was hit by an unidentified object, leaving him in a coma for 20 days. When he woke up, he learned he had encephalitis, shrapnel in his lungs and had lost several of his fingers as well as much of his hearing.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">After three months of rehabilitation, Mednik returned to the army, helping to coordinate air defence operations. “I have to show a good example for Ukrainians, to show that Roma can fight, not only for themselves but also for other Ukrainians,” he said.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">What kept him going, even as <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/18/shock-anger-and-war-fatigue-ukraines-two-years-of-agony" data-link-name="in body link">exhaustion sets</a> in for many across Ukraine, was his deep desire to defend people. “I’m proud to be Roma. We’re an ancient people, with a history and a culture to match. We’re not military people, we’re a people of peace,” he said. “But in this case, when someone comes to kill me, my family, my friends, I decided to fight. I’m proud to defend people and proud to be Roma.”</p></div></div><gu-island name="SlotBodyEnd" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","contributionsServiceUrl":"https://contributions.guardianapis.com","idApiUrl":"https://idapi.theguardian.com","isMinuteArticle":false,"isPaidContent":false,"pageId":"world/2024/apr/29/roma-postwar-ukraine","sectionId":"world","shouldHideReaderRevenue":false,"stage":"PROD","tags":[{"id":"world/roma-gypsies-and-travellers","type":"Keyword","title":"Roma, Gypsies and Travellers"},{"id":"world/ukraine","type":"Keyword","title":"Ukraine"},{"id":"world/race","type":"Keyword","title":"Race"},{"id":"world/europe-news","type":"Keyword","title":"Europe"},{"id":"world/world","type":"Keyword","title":"World news"},{"id":"campaign/email/this-is-europe","type":"Campaign","title":"This is Europe (newsletter 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