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class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Amiral_bruix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Amiral_bruix.jpg/220px-Amiral_bruix.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Amiral_bruix.jpg/330px-Amiral_bruix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Amiral_bruix.jpg/440px-Amiral_bruix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2502" data-file-height="3313" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">1837 portrait by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Paulin_Gu%C3%A9rin" title="Jean-Baptiste Paulin Guérin">Jean-Baptiste Paulin Guérin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1759-07-17</span>)</span>17 July 1759<br /><a href="/wiki/Fort-Libert%C3%A9" title="Fort-Liberté">Fort-Dauphin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 March 1805<span style="display:none">(1805-03-18)</span> (aged 45)<br /><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_France_official.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_official.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French First Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1778-1805</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798#Formation_of_the_United_Irishmen" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">Ireland</a>), <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Étienne Eustache Bruix</b> (17 July 1759 – 18 March 1805) was a <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> officer and politician who served as <a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_ministers_of_France" title="List of naval ministers of France">Minister of the Navy and the Colonies</a> from 1798 to 1799. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bruix was born to a family from <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9arn" title="Béarn">Béarn</a>. He started sailing as a volunteer on a <a href="/wiki/Slave_ship" title="Slave ship">slave ship</a> commanded by captain <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Landolphe" title="Jean-François Landolphe">Jean-François Landolphe</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1778, he joined the Navy as a <a href="/wiki/Garde-Marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Garde-Marine">Garde-Marine</a> (officer cadet).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served on the frigates <a href="/wiki/HMS_Fox_(1773)" title="HMS Fox (1773)"><i>Fox</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Concorde_(1783)" title="HMS Concorde (1783)"><i>Concorde</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> taking part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Royal" title="Battle of Fort Royal">Battle of Fort Royal</a> on 29 April and 30 April 1781, in the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Tobago" title="Invasion of Tobago">Invasion of Tobago</a> in May–June, in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Chesapeake" title="Battle of the Chesapeake">Battle of the Chesapeake</a> on 5 September, in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Kitts" title="Battle of Saint Kitts">Battle of Saint Kitts</a> on 25 January 1782, and in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Saintes" title="Battle of the Saintes">Battle of the Saintes</a> on 12 April 1782.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was promoted to Ensign in November 1781.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bruix was given command of the 10-gun aviso <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_lugger_Pivert_(1782)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French lugger Pivert (1782) (page does not exist)"><i>Pivert</i></a>, and tasked with surveying the coasts and harbours of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was aided in the task by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Pierre_de_Chastenet_de_Puys%C3%A9gur" title="Louis Pierre de Chastenet de Puységur">Puységur</a>. </p><p>Bruix was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Naval_lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> in May 1786.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected member of the <a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_de_Marine" title="Académie de Marine">Académie de Marine</a> in 1791, and promoted to Captain on 1 January 1793, and given command of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=80-gun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80-gun (page does not exist)">80-gun</a> <a href="/wiki/French_ship_Indomptable_(1790)" title="French ship Indomptable (1790)"><i>Indomptable</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he was dismissed from the service in October 1794. Retiring to the outskirts of Brest, he wrote a memorandum titled <i>Moyens d'approvisionner la marine par les seules productions du territoire français</i> (Means of Provisioning the Fleet Solely by What Is Produced in French Territory). This advocacy of naval <a href="/wiki/Autarky" title="Autarky">autarky</a> as a way to defeat British blockades attracted notice, and Navy Minister <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Truguet" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurent Truguet">Laurent Truguet</a> recalled Bruix in 1795 to appoint him to the command of the <a href="/wiki/74-gun" class="mw-redirect" title="74-gun">74-gun</a> <a href="/wiki/French_ship_%C3%89ole_(1789)" title="French ship Éole (1789)"><i>Éole</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He held this command up to the moment he was sent to join <a href="/wiki/Louis_Thomas_Villaret_de_Joyeuse" title="Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse">Villaret-Joyeuse</a>'s squadron as Chief of Staff (<a href="/wiki/Major_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_la_marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Major général de la marine">major general</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Appointment_as_Navy_Minister">Appointment as Navy Minister</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Appointment as Navy Minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eustache Bruix given command of a division under Admiral <a href="/wiki/Morard_de_Galle" class="mw-redirect" title="Morard de Galle">Justin Bonaventure Morard de Galles</a> during the French attempt to invade Ireland in 1796.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lazare_Hoche" title="Lazare Hoche">Lazare Hoche</a> noticed him on that campaign and promoted him to <a href="/wiki/Contre-amiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Contre-amiral">contre-amiral</a> in May 1797. He was then appointed <a href="/wiki/French_Naval_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="French Naval Minister">Navy Minister</a> from 28 April 1798. </p><p>Upon taking office, he rushed to Brest to take personal command of a fleet that was about to sail for <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> in an attempt to extricate the French army trapped there since its <a href="/wiki/French_Invasion_of_Egypt_(1798)" class="mw-redirect" title="French Invasion of Egypt (1798)">invasion in 1798</a>. Favourable winds and fog allowed him to evade the British blockade, and he sailed South with 25 <a href="/wiki/Ships_of_the_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ships of the line">ships of the line</a>. Anticipating a possible landing in Ireland, still unsettled in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">United Irishmen's rebellion</a>, the blockading fleet drew off North-Westwards, giving Bruix a considerable headstart before realising his true destination. Off <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a>, Bruix encountered a British blockading force of 15 ships of the line under <a href="/wiki/George_Keith_Elphinstone,_1st_Viscount_Keith" class="mw-redirect" title="George Keith Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith">Lord Keith</a>. Despite his numerical superiority and the 28 Spanish ships of the line harboured in Cadiz, Bruix declined to attack and continued into the Mediterranean.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Having made a detour to <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a> for repairs, Bruix received news that <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a> was <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Genoa_(1800)" title="Siege of Genoa (1800)">besieged in Genoa</a>, and orders to assist him. He rerouted the fleet to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Genoa" title="Gulf of Genoa">Gulf of Genoa</a> to resupply the beleaguered army but was driven back by the weather. Meanwhile, Keith had followed him into the Mediterranean and gathered together the scattered British squadrons in the area at <a href="/wiki/Menorca" title="Menorca">Menorca</a>. Bruix abandoned his venture, eluded his pursuers and returned to the Atlantic. He made his junction with a Spanish squadron that attached to his fleet, and he returned to Brest. </p><p>After this expedition, known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Croisi%C3%A8re_de_Bruix" title="Croisière de Bruix">Croisière de Bruix</a></i>, he resigned as Minister of the Navy on 11 July 1799, and took command of the fleet assembled at <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_d%27Aix" class="mw-redirect" title="Île d'Aix">île d'Aix</a>, ready to sail to Spain, but the British reinforced their blockade, the admiral fell ill and the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Amiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace of Amiens">peace of Amiens</a> prevented the fleet from leaving port. He was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice-amiral</a> from 13 March 1799. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career_and_death">Later career and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later career and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bruix was privy to the secret <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> of <a href="/wiki/18_Brumaire" class="mw-redirect" title="18 Brumaire">18 Brumaire</a> (9 November 1799). After seizing power, <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a> promoted Bruix to <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a> in 1801, and appointed him as <a href="/wiki/Conseiller_d%27%C3%89tat" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseiller d'État">Conseiller d'État</a> the following year. </p><p>War having broken out again, Napoléon conceived a plan for a new <a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_invasion_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon's invasion of England">invasion of England</a>, and put Bruix in command of the flotilla based at <a href="/wiki/Boulogne-sur-Mer" title="Boulogne-sur-Mer">Boulogne</a> that would carry the invasion troops across the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a>. Bruix undertook the work but in July 1804 refused to obey Napoleon's personal order to take the fleet out of harbour for a review, in the face of a developing storm. The furious Emperor reprimanded Bruix and came close to striking him. A subordinate carried out Napoleon's instruction but at the cost of 200 lives.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following this incident Bruix fell ill and had to return to Paris, where he died of tuberculosis, aged only 45. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_l%27Amiral-Bruix" title="Boulevard de l'Amiral-Bruix">Boulevard de l'Amiral-Bruix</a> in Paris is named in his honour. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVergé-Franceschi2002255_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVergé-Franceschi2002">Vergé-Franceschi (2002)</a>, p. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200277_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaillemite2002">Taillemite (2002)</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaillemite200278_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaillemite2002">Taillemite (2002)</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhipple1978" class="citation book cs1">Whipple, A.B.C. (1978). <i>Fightins Sail</i>. Time-Life Books. pp. 123–124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7054-0621-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7054-0621-0"><bdi>0-7054-0621-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fightins+Sail&rft.pages=123-124&rft.pub=Time-Life+Books&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-7054-0621-0&rft.aulast=Whipple&rft.aufirst=A.B.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89tienne+Eustache+Bruix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMullié1852" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mullié, Charles (1852). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:fr:Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850/B (suite)#BRUIX (EUSTACHE)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Biographie_des_c%C3%A9l%C3%A9brit%C3%A9s_militaires_des_arm%C3%A9es_de_terre_et_de_mer_de_1789_%C3%A0_1850/B_(suite)#BRUIX_(EUSTACHE)">"Bruix (Eustache)" </a></span>. <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:fr:Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Biographie_des_c%C3%A9l%C3%A9brit%C3%A9s_militaires_des_arm%C3%A9es_de_terre_et_de_mer_de_1789_%C3%A0_1850"><i>Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850</i> </a></span> (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bruix+%28Eustache%29&rft.btitle=Biographie+des+c%C3%A9l%C3%A9brit%C3%A9s+militaires+des+arm%C3%A9es+de+terre+et+de+mer+de+1789+%C3%A0+1850&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Poignavant+et+Compagnie&rft.date=1852&rft.aulast=Mulli%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89tienne+Eustache+Bruix" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaillemite2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Taillemite" title="Étienne Taillemite">Taillemite, Étienne</a> (2002). <i>Dictionnaire des Marins français</i>. Tallandier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-84734-008-4" title="Special:BookSources/2-84734-008-4"><bdi>2-84734-008-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/606770323">606770323</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+des+Marins+fran%C3%A7ais&rft.pub=Tallandier&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F606770323&rft.isbn=2-84734-008-4&rft.aulast=Taillemite&rft.aufirst=%C3%89tienne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89tienne+Eustache+Bruix" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVergé-Franceschi2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Verg%C3%A9-Franceschi" title="Michel Vergé-Franceschi">Vergé-Franceschi, Michel</a> (2002). <i>Dictionnaire d'Histoire maritime</i>. Paris: Robert Laffont. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-221-08751-8" title="Special:BookSources/2-221-08751-8"><bdi>2-221-08751-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+d%27Histoire+maritime&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Robert+Laffont&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=2-221-08751-8&rft.aulast=Verg%C3%A9-Franceschi&rft.aufirst=Michel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89tienne+Eustache+Bruix" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Eustache_Bruix&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRouxel" class="citation web cs1">Rouxel, Jean-Christophe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_debruix_etienne.htm">"Étienne Eustache de BRUIX"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%89tienne+Eustache+de+BRUIX&rft.aulast=Rouxel&rft.aufirst=Jean-Christophe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fecole.nav.traditions.free.fr%2Fofficiers_debruix_etienne.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89tienne+Eustache+Bruix" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Ren%C3%A9_Le_Peley_de_Pl%C3%A9ville" title="Georges René Le Peley de Pléville">Georges René Le Peley de Pléville</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_ministers_of_France" title="List of naval ministers of France">Minister of the Navy and the Colonies</a> </b><br />27 April 1798– 4 March 1799 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord" title="Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord">Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Louis_Marie_de_La_R%C3%A9velli%C3%A8re-L%C3%A9peaux" title="Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux">Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jean_Nicolas,_vicomte_de_Barras" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras">Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Marie,_marquis_de_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy">François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Antoine_Merlin_de_Douai" title="Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai">Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Neufch%C3%A2teau" class="mw-redirect" title="François de Neufchâteau">François de Neufchâteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Treilhard" title="Jean Baptiste Treilhard">Jean Baptiste Treilhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès">Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois-Auguste_Moulin" title="Jean-François-Auguste Moulin">Jean-François-Auguste Moulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Gohier" title="Louis-Jérôme Gohier">Louis-Jérôme Gohier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ducos" title="Roger Ducos">Roger Ducos</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_(22_ao%C3%BBt_1795)._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg/100px-Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg/150px-Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg/200px-Constitution_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_Fran%C3%A7aise_du_5_fructidor_an_3_%2822_ao%C3%BBt_1795%29._D%C3%A9claration_des_Droits_et_des_Devoirs_de_l%27Homme_et_du_Citoyen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4296" data-file-height="5260" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign Affairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Delacroix" title="Charles-François Delacroix">Charles-François Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord" title="Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord">Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Reinhard" title="Charles-Frédéric Reinhard">Charles-Frédéric Reinhard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Justice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Antoine_Merlin_de_Douai" title="Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai">Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Joseph_Victor_G%C3%A9nissieu" title="Jean Joseph Victor Génissieu">Jean Joseph Victor Génissieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Antoine_Merlin_de_Douai" title="Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai">Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Mathieu_Lambrechts" title="Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts">Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jacques_R%C3%A9gis_de_Cambac%C3%A9r%C3%A8s" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès">Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Annibal_Aubert_du_Bayet" title="Jean-Baptiste Annibal Aubert du Bayet">Jean-Baptiste Annibal Aubert du Bayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Louis_Petiet" title="Claude Louis Petiet">Claude Louis Petiet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazare_Hoche" title="Lazare Hoche">Lazare Hoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Louis_Joseph_Sch%C3%A9rer" title="Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer">Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Marie_de_Milet_de_Mureau" title="Louis Marie de Milet de Mureau">Louis Marie de Milet de Mureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Louis_Alexis_Dubois-Cranc%C3%A9" title="Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois-Crancé">Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois-Crancé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Charles_Faipoult" title="Guillaume-Charles Faipoult">Guillaume-Charles Faipoult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique-Vincent_Ramel-Nogaret" title="Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret">Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Robert_Lindet" title="Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet">Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe-Antoine_Merlin_de_Douai" title="Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai">Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Police</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cochon_de_Lapparent" title="Charles Cochon de Lapparent">Charles Cochon de Lapparent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Jacques_Lenoir-Laroche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Laroche (page does not exist)">Jean-Jacques Lenoir-Laroche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Marie_Sotin_de_La_Coindi%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Marie Sotin de La Coindière (page does not exist)">Jean-Marie Sotin de La Coindière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Dondeau" title="Nicolas Dondeau">Nicolas Dondeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Philibert_Lecarlier_d%27Ardon" title="Marie Jean François Philibert Lecarlier d'Ardon">Marie Jean François Philibert Lecarlier d'Ardon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Duval&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Duval (page does not exist)">Jean-Pierre Duval</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_S%C3%A9bastien_Bourguignon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Sébastien Bourguignon (page does not exist)">Claude Sébastien Bourguignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fouch%C3%A9" title="Joseph Fouché">Joseph Fouché</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9zech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bénézech (page does not exist)">Pierre Bénézech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Neufch%C3%A2teau" class="mw-redirect" title="François de Neufchâteau">François de Neufchâteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_S%C3%A9bastien_Letourneux" title="François Sébastien Letourneux">François Sébastien Letourneux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Neufch%C3%A2teau" class="mw-redirect" title="François de Neufchâteau">François de Neufchâteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Marie_Quinette" title="Nicolas Marie Quinette">Nicolas Marie Quinette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navy and Colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Truguet" title="Laurent Jean François Truguet">Laurent Jean François Truguet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Ren%C3%A9_Le_Peley_de_Pl%C3%A9ville" title="Georges René Le Peley de Pléville">Georges René Le Peley de Pléville</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Étienne Eustache Bruix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Antoine_Bourdon_de_Vatry" title="Marc-Antoine Bourdon de Vatry">Marc-Antoine Bourdon de Vatry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Preceded by <a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a></li> <li>Followed by <a href="/wiki/French_Consulate" title="French Consulate">French Consulate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289628#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289628#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289628#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/120918">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmP89PKdJxB4CTJmQGj4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/130848670">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12529643t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12529643t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5160824">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810658703505606">Poland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd130848670.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086051261">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6618cff">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Étienne_Eustache_Bruix&oldid=1246578605">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Étienne_Eustache_Bruix&oldid=1246578605</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1759_births" title="Category:1759 births">1759 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1805_deaths" title="Category:1805 deaths">1805 deaths</a></li><li><a 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