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href="#bodyContent">შინაარსზე გადასვლა</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="საიტი"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="მთავარი მენიუ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="მთავარი მენიუ" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">მთავარი მენიუ</span> </label> <div 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class="vector-menu-heading"> ნავიგაცია </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="გახსენით მთავარი გვერდი [z]" accesskey="z"><span>მთავარი გვერდი</span></a></li><li id="n-თემატური-ძიება" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98"><span>თემატური ძიება</span></a></li><li id="n-რჩეული-სტატიები" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98"><span>რჩეული სტატიები</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%97" title="შემთხვევითი გვერდის გახსნა. [x]" accesskey="x"><span>შემთხვევითი გვერდი</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98"><span>ახალი გვერდები</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98"><span>სპეციალური გვერდები</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> მონაწილეობა </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-ინფორმაცია" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98"><span>ინფორმაცია</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="სად გავიგოთ."><span>დახმარება</span></a></li><li id="n-ფორუმი" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98"><span>ფორუმი</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიპედიაში ბოლო ცვლილებების სია. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ბოლო ცვლილებები</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="ვიკიპედია" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ka.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.5em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="თავისუფალი ენციკლოპედია" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ka.svg" width="130" height="14" style="width: 8.125em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ძიება ვიკიპედია [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ძიება</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ძიება ვიკიპედია" aria-label="ძიება ვიკიპედია" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ძიება ვიკიპედია [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="სპეციალური:ძიება"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ძიება</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="პირადი ხელსაწყოები"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="იერსახე"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="გვერდის შრიფტის ზომის, სიგანისა და ფერის შეცვლა" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="იერსახე" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">იერსახე</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ka.wikipedia.org&uselang=ka" class=""><span>შემოწირულობები</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94+%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჩვენ გთავაზობთ, შექმნათ ანგარიში და შეხვიდეთ სისტემაში; თუმცა ეს არ არის აუცილებელი" class=""><span>ანგარიშის შექმნა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94+%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სასურველია დარეგისტრირდეთ, თუმცა აუცილებელი არ არის. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>შესვლა</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="მეტი შესაძლებლობა" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="პირადი ხელსაწყოები" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">პირადი ხელსაწყოები</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="მომხმარებლის მენიუ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ka.wikipedia.org&uselang=ka"><span>შემოწირულობები</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94+%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჩვენ გთავაზობთ, შექმნათ ანგარიში და შეხვიდეთ სისტემაში; თუმცა ეს არ არის აუცილებელი"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ანგარიშის შექმნა</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94+%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სასურველია დარეგისტრირდეთ, თუმცა აუცილებელი არ არის. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>შესვლა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> გვერდები სისტემიდან გამოსული რედაქტორებისათვის <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" aria-label="რედაქტირების შესახებ მეტის გაგება"><span>გაიგეთ მეტი</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="რედაქტირებების სია შესრულებული ამ IP მისამართიდან [y]" accesskey="y"><span>წვლილი</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="დისკუსია ამ ip მისამართის წაშლის შესახებ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>განხილვა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eდამალვა\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">სარჩევი</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">გადატანა გვერდით ზოლზე</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">დამალვა</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">შესავალი</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ლიტერატურა" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ლიტერატურა"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ლიტერატურა</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ლიტერატურა-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-სქოლიო" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#სქოლიო"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>სქოლიო</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-სქოლიო-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="სარჩევი" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="სარჩევი" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="სარჩევის დამალვა/ჩვენება" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">სარჩევის დამალვა/ჩვენება</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ალექსანდრე ოპარინი</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="სხვაენოვან სტატიაზე გადასვლა. ხელმისაწვდომია 56 ენაზე" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 ენა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ألكسندر أوبارين — არაბული" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألكسندر أوبارين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="არაბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="الكسندر اوبارين — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكسندر اوبارين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="الکساندر اپارین — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="الکساندر اپارین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Аляксандр Іванавіч Апарын — ბელარუსული" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аляксандр Іванавіч Апарын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ბელარუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александър Опарин — ბულგარული" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Александър Опарин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ბულგარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="আলেকজান্ডার ওপারিন — ბენგალური" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলেকজান্ডার ওপারিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ბენგალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar_Oparin" title="Aleksandar Oparin — ბოსნიური" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aleksandar Oparin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ბოსნიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — კატალანური" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="კატალანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_Ivanovi%C4%8D_Oparin" title="Alexandr Ivanovič Oparin — ჩეხური" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alexandr Ivanovič Oparin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ჩეხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Опарин Александр Иванович — ჩუვაშური" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Опарин Александр Иванович" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ჩუვაშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Iwanowitsch_Oparin" title="Alexander Iwanowitsch Oparin — გერმანული" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alexander Iwanowitsch Oparin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="გერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81_%CE%9F%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Αλεξάντρ Οπάριν — ბერძნული" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλεξάντρ Οπάριν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ბერძნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Oparin" title="Alexander Oparin — ინგლისური" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alexander Oparin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ესპერანტო" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ესპერანტო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ესპანური" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ესპანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ესტონური" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ესტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ბასკური" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ბასკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="الکساندر اپارین — სპარსული" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الکساندر اپارین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="სპარსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ფინური" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ფინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_Oparine" title="Alexandre Oparine — ფრანგული" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alexandre Oparine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ფრანგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Ivanovich_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin — გალისიური" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="გალისიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9F" title="אלכסנדר אופרין — ებრაული" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלכסנדר אופרין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ებრაული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar_Oparin" title="Aleksandar Oparin — ხორვატული" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aleksandar Oparin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80_%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Ալեքսանդր Օպարին — სომხური" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալեքսանդր Օպարին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="სომხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Oparin" title="Alexander Oparin — ინდონეზიური" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alexander Oparin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ინდონეზიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_Ivanovich_Oparin" title="Alexandr Ivanovich Oparin — იდო" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alexandr Ivanovich Oparin" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="იდო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Opar%C3%ADn" title="Aleksandr Oparín — ისლანდიური" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aleksandr Oparín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ისლანდიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Ivanovi%C4%8D_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Ivanovič Oparin — იტალიური" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aleksandr Ivanovič Oparin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="იტალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="アレクサンドル・オパーリン — იაპონური" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレクサンドル・オパーリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="იაპონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александр Иванович Опарин — ყაზახური" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Александр Иванович Опарин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ყაზახური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A5%B4_%EC%98%A4%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%B0" title="알렉산드르 오파린 — კორეული" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알렉산드르 오파린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="კორეული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Опарин Александр Иванович — ყირგიზული" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Опарин Александр Иванович" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ყირგიზული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Oparin" title="Alexander Oparin — ლათინური" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alexander Oparin" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ლათინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александар Опарин — მაკედონური" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Александар Опарин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="მაკედონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="അലക്സാണ്ടർ ഒപാരിൻ — მალაიალამური" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അലക്സാണ്ടർ ഒപാരിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="მალაიალამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ნიდერლანდური" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ნიდერლანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — ოქსიტანური" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ოქსიტანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — პოლონური" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="პოლონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — პორტუგალიური" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="პორტუგალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — რუმინული" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="რუმინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Опарин, Александр Иванович — რუსული" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Опарин, Александр Иванович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="რუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar_Oparin" title="Aleksandar Oparin — სერბულ-ხორვატული" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aleksandar Oparin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="სერბულ-ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Oparin" title="Alexander Oparin — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alexander Oparin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandr_Ivanovi%C4%8D_Oparin" title="Alexandr Ivanovič Oparin — სლოვაკური" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alexandr Ivanovič Oparin" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="სლოვაკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александар Опарин — სერბული" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Александар Опарин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="სერბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin_(biokemist)" title="Aleksandr Oparin (biokemist) — შვედური" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin (biokemist)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="შვედური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александр Иванович Опарин — ტაჯიკური" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Александр Иванович Опарин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ტაჯიკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Oparin" title="Alexander Oparin — Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Alexander Oparin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — თურქული" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Александр Опарин — თათრული" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Александр Опарин" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="თათრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Опарін Олександр Іванович — უკრაინული" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Опарін Олександр Іванович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="უკრაინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Oparin — უზბეკური" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aleksandr Oparin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="უზბეკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Ivanovich_Oparin" title="Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin — ვიეტნამური" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ვიეტნამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ალექსანდრე ოპარინი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ალექსანდრე ოპარინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="亚历山大·奥巴林 — ჩინური" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚历山大·奥巴林" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ჩინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44483#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ენათშორისი ბმულების რედაქტირება" class="wbc-editpage">ბმულების რედაქტირება</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="სახელთა სივრცე"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ენის ვარიანტის შეცვლა" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ქართული</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="გადახედვა"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98"><span>შემოწმებული სტატია</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&veaction=edit" title="ამ გვერდის რედაქტირება [v]" accesskey="v"><span>რედაქტირება</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=edit" title="ამ გვერდის წყაროს კოდის რედაქტირება [e]" accesskey="e"><span>წყაროს რედაქტირება</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=history" title="ამ გვერდის ბოლო ვერსიები [ი]" accesskey="ი"><span>ისტორია</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ინსტრუმენტები გვერდებისთვის"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ხელსაწყოები" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=edit" title="ამ გვერდის წყაროს კოდის რედაქტირება [e]" accesskey="e"><span>წყაროს რედაქტირება</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=history"><span>ისტორია</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ძირითადი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94+%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98"><span>წიგნის შექმნა</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=show-download-screen"><span>გადაწერა PDF ფორმატში</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&printable=yes" title="ამ გვერდის დასაბეჭდი ვერსია [p]" accesskey="p"><span>დასაბეჭდი ვერსია</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> სხვა პროექტებში </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aleksandr_Oparin" hreflang="en"><span>ვიკისაწყობი</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44483" title="მონაცემთა საცავის დაკავშირებული ელემენტის ბმული [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ვიკიმონაცემების ელემენტი</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ინსტრუმენტები გვერდებისთვის"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="იერსახე"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">იერსახე</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">გადატანა გვერდით ზოლზე</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">დამალვა</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">მასალა ვიკიპედიიდან — თავისუფალი ენციკლოპედია</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ka" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="1" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; line-height: 130%; font-size:1.25em; color:black; padding: 10px 0px 10px 0px; background-color:#F0F8FF;">ალექსანდრე ოპარინი</th></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$91144779-41c0-71c6-83b8-6499fa5151c4"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Oparin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Oparin.jpg/250px-Oparin.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Oparin.jpg/375px-Oparin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Oparin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">დაბ. თარიღი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P569" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$4D057AF6-890D-4F4A-A5BF-45935C1FB070"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/2_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="2 მარტი">2 მარტი</a>, <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1894-03-02</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%C3%A8dies/gran-enciclop%C3%A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%25C3%25A8dies/gran-enciclop%25C3%25A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">დაბ. ადგილი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P19" data-wikidata-claim-id="q44483$8AFED166-FB46-4181-AF8A-6B1BFF49655A"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%98" title="უგლიჩი">უგლიჩი</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q17378135">Опарин_Александр_Иванович_//_[[:ru:Большая_советская_энциклопедия_(третье_издание)|Большая_советская_энциклопедия]]:_[в_30_т.]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_под_ред._[[:ალექსანდრე_პროხოროვი|А.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Прохорова]]_—_3-е_изд._—_[[:მოსკოვი|Москва]]:_[[:ru:Большая_российская_энциклопедия_(издательство)|Советская_энциклопедия]],_1974._—_Т.&nbsp;18_:_Никко_—_Отолиты._—_С.&nbsp;409–410.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737"></a></div>_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q17378135">Опарин_Александр_Иванович_//_[[:ru:Большая_советская_энциклопедия_(третье_издание)|Большая_советская_энциклопедия]]:_[в_30_т.]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_под_ред._[[:ალექსანდრე_პროხოროვი|А.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Прохорова]]_—_3-е_изд._—_[[:მოსკოვი|Москва]]:_[[:ru:Большая_российская_энциклопедия_(издательство)|Советская_энциклопедия]],_1974._—_Т.&nbsp;18_:_Никко_—_Отолиты._—_С.&nbsp;409–410.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737"></a></div>-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">გარდ. თარიღი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P570" data-wikidata-claim-id="q44483$A1ED1790-F112-4E58-ABB7-3A3876C21ADC"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/21_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="21 აპრილი">21 აპრილი</a>, <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">1980-04-21</span>)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827_citetype_Q595971"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:საფრანგეთის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_BnF_authorities:_პლატფორმა_ღია_მონაცემები<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a></div>_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827_citetype_Q595971"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:საფრანგეთის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_BnF_authorities:_პლატფორმა_ღია_მონაცემები<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a></div>-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q8513_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q194166"_data-entity-id="Q29861311">SNAC<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2010.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311"></a></div>_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q8513_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q194166"_data-entity-id="Q29861311">SNAC<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2010.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311"></a></div>-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q5535082_citetype_Q33270056_citetype_Q43229_citetype_Q107553922"_data-entity-id="Q63056">[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8048630_Find_a_Grave]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1996.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a></div>_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q5535082_citetype_Q33270056_citetype_Q43229_citetype_Q107553922"_data-entity-id="Q63056">[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8048630_Find_a_Grave]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1996.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a></div>-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13136"_data-entity-id="Q237227">[[:de:s:Brockhaus_Enzyklopädie|ბროკჰაუზის_ენციკლოპედია]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a></div>_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13136"_data-entity-id="Q237227">[[:de:s:Brockhaus_Enzyklopädie|ბროკჰაუზის_ენციკლოპედია]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a></div>-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%C3%A8dies/gran-enciclop%C3%A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%25C3%25A8dies/gran-enciclop%25C3%25A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(86 წლის)</span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">გარდ. ადგილი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P20" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$D3AD032C-A9F8-411B-AD62-D49A3DA48B5C"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვი">მოსკოვი</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">დასაფლავებულია</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P119" data-wikidata-claim-id="q44483$50E05B94-9752-4E7B-8D16-B5B57E332987"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495191" class="extiw" title="d:Q2495191">ნოვოდევიჩის სასაფლაო</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">მოქალაქეობა</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$61A3718E-D39F-4F9A-ACDC-56ED42B29F56"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <span class="country-name"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკების კავშირი">სსრკ</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">საქმიანობა</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="q44483$972B6F5B-A3CE-4189-B430-26D59A2B65E5"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864503" class="extiw" title="d:Q864503">ბიოლოგი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$00177AC8-A069-4CB1-9CF3-826638781B2C"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919046" class="extiw" title="d:Q2919046">ბიოქიმიკოსი</a></span></span> და <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P106" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$00301169-F497-4CC6-A08B-1EEF08AF6535"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593644" class="extiw" title="d:Q593644">ქიმიკოსი</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">მუშაობის ადგილი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$7D9E233C-8A07-4580-9BB6-F84D4FEC577D"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი">მოსკოვის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130425873">[[:d:Q130425873|«Я_был_рад_и_ошеломлён_находкой_сокровищницы_материалов_по_российской_генетике»]],_[[:d:Q130425873|“I_Was_Delighted_and_Aghast_at_the_Treasure_Trove_of_Materials_on_Russian_Genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2018._—_Vol.&nbsp;10,_Iss.&nbsp;1._—_P.&nbsp;52–80._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a></div>_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130425873">[[:d:Q130425873|«Я_был_рад_и_ошеломлён_находкой_сокровищницы_материалов_по_российской_генетике»]],_[[:d:Q130425873|“I_Was_Delighted_and_Aghast_at_the_Treasure_Trove_of_Materials_on_Russian_Genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2018._—_Vol.&nbsp;10,_Iss.&nbsp;1._—_P.&nbsp;52–80._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a></div>-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> და <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P108" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$6c888392-4384-e1df-57f2-a7ff9c19174c"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4201437" class="extiw" title="d:Q4201437">Bach Institute of Biochemistry RAS</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">ალმა-მატერი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P69" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$a23892bb-49cc-2cb0-c25f-b86eda9427f1"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი">მოსკოვის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">სამეცნიერო ხარისხი</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P512" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$134F450D-7DA1-465F-9285-586883C2CAA6"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17281188" class="extiw" title="d:Q17281188">ბიოლოგიის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი</a></span></span> და <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P512" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$5D066367-0302-4FDD-84A6-5423682694AC"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17281097" class="extiw" title="d:Q17281097">ფიზიკა-მათემატიკის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; color:gray;">ჯილდოები</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$0c40bb43-4417-8691-c003-b9d4854c75cf"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112134244" class="extiw" title="d:Q112134244">honorary doctor of the University of Poitiers</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-[https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf_https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-[https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf_https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$0CCBD7CA-F674-4E34-A066-5BD329EEE8C5"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112134244" class="extiw" title="d:Q112134244">honorary doctor of the University of Poitiers</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-[https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198_https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-[https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198_https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$EE90102A-26DF-4AFD-96F2-9C992C735940"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="სოციალისტური შრომის გმირი">სოციალისტური შრომის გმირი</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130353315"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Кузовкин&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;В.,_Мартин&nbsp;Б.</i>_[[:d:Q130353315|«К_счастью_для_меня,_я_начал_свое_образование_в_1944_году_и_поэтому_мог_изучать_классическую_генетику»]],_[[:d:Q130353315|“Fortunately_for_me,_I_started_studying_in_1944_and_could_therefore_study_classical_genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2019._—_Т.&nbsp;11,_вып.&nbsp;2._—_С.&nbsp;76–95._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315"></a></div>_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130353315"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Кузовкин&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;В.,_Мартин&nbsp;Б.</i>_[[:d:Q130353315|«К_счастью_для_меня,_я_начал_свое_образование_в_1944_году_и_поэтому_мог_изучать_классическую_генетику»]],_[[:d:Q130353315|“Fortunately_for_me,_I_started_studying_in_1944_and_could_therefore_study_classical_genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2019._—_Т.&nbsp;11,_вып.&nbsp;2._—_С.&nbsp;76–95._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315"></a></div>-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$663EF531-578D-49C3-9E9D-96A4B25B230E"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782022" class="extiw" title="d:Q782022">კალინგის პრემია</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-[https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates_https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-[https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates_https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$8AB4B933-BB21-4AD7-A2FF-C44A4CE2CC0C"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340199" class="extiw" title="d:Q1340199">მიხეილ ლომონოსოვის სახელობის დიდი ოქროს მედალი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$34C38FB4-C5E0-4A11-86D2-AB2FF0792EB1"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლენინის ორდენი">ლენინის ორდენი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$E7239F46-11AD-4E36-934C-232D61DA5145"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18200478" class="extiw" title="d:Q18200478">სამამულო ომის მე-2 ხარისხის ორდენი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$19D5894F-D1BA-48E5-A3B3-768B0D00F865"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839953" class="extiw" title="d:Q839953">Empresa de Ferrocarriles Ecuatorianos</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$CB89CFF8-8544-43C1-A5C7-DAC7A2431204"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1600457" class="extiw" title="d:Q1600457">მედალი „1941-1945 წლების დიდ სამამულო ომში გმირული შრომისათვის“</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$5BC1E92F-67E8-4FD1-A697-A684F2657E76"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ლენინური პრემია">ლენინური პრემია</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$0B1AE8BA-88A5-46EF-BDD5-3B932D96F0E4"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="შრომის წითელი დროშის ორდენი">შრომის წითელი დროშის ორდენი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$a1ac0dae-4439-d514-282d-68e9117e60a6"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_100_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%93" title="საიუბილეო მედალი ვლადიმერ ლენინის დაბადების 100 წლისთავის აღსანიშნავად">„ვლადიმერ ილიას ძე ლენინის დაბადებიდან 100 წლისთავის აღსანიშნავი“ საიუბილეო მედალი</a></span></span>, <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$56d423c4-4dbe-07ca-25f1-92dbdcbf4210"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2634074" class="extiw" title="d:Q2634074">მოსკოვის 800 წლისთავის მედალი</a></span></span> და <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P166" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q44483$e58ddda7-491a-63ec-0d2e-9f721361b39f"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სამამულო ომის ორდენი">სამამულო ომის ორდენი</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><div style="border:solid #ddd;border-width:1px 0px 0px 0px;width:100%;background:#F0F0F0"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aleksandr_Oparin" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aleksandr Oparin">ალექსანდრე ოპარინი</a></b> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვიკისაწყობი">ვიკისაწყობში</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>ალექსანდრე ივანეს ძე ოპარინი</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რუსული ენა">რუს.</a> <span lang="">Опарин, Александр Иванович;</span> დ. <a href="/wiki/2_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="2 მარტი">2 მარტი</a> <small>[ ძვ. სტ. 18 თებერვალი]</small>, <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A9%E1%83%98" title="უგლიჩი">უგლიჩი</a> — გ. <a href="/wiki/21_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="21 აპრილი">21 აპრილი</a>, <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვი">მოსკოვი</a>) — საბჭოთა ბიოქიმიკოსი, რომელმაც შექმნა დედამიწაზე სიცოცხლის წარმოშობის მეცნიერულად დასაბუთებული თეორია. სსრკ მეცნიერებათა აკადემიის აკადემიკოსი (1946). სოციალისტური შრომის გმირი (1969). ოპარინის უმთავრესი ნაშრომები ეძღვნება მცენარეული ნედლეულის გადამუშავების ბიოქიმიურ საფუძვლებს, ფერმენტების მოქმედებას მცენარეში, დედამიწაზე სიცოცხლის წარმოშობას. ოპარინის აზრით სიცოცხლის წარმოშობა დედამიწაზე ნახშირბადოვანი ნაერთების ევოლუციის შედეგია. ოპარინი იყო <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="სიცოცხლის წარმოშობის შემსწავლელი საერთაშორისო საზოგადოება (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">სიცოცხლის წარმოშობის შემსწავლელი საერთაშორისო საზოგადოების</a> პრეზიდენტი (1970-დან, 1977-დან საპატიო პრეზიდენტი), <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბულგარეთი">ბულგარეთის</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გერმანიის დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა">გერმანიის დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკის</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="კუბა">კუბის</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ესპანეთი">ესპანეთის</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იტალია">იტალიის</a> მეცნიერებათა აკადემიების საპატიო წევრი და <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" class="mw-redirect" title="გერმანიის ფედერაციული რესპუბლიკა">გერმანიის</a> ბუნებისმეტყველების აკადემიის <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ლეოპოლდინა (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">„ლეოპოლდინას“</a> წევრი. ლენინური (1974) და <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ალექსი ბახი (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">ალექსი ბახის</a> სახელობის პრემიების ლაურეატი. 1979 წელს მიენიჭა <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მიხეილ ლომონოსოვი">მიხეილ ლომონოსოვის</a> სახელობის ოქროს მედალი. 1977 წელს სიცოცხლის წარმოშობის შემსწავლელმა საერთაშორისო საზოგადოებამ დააწესა ალექსანდრე ოპარინის სახელობის ოქროს მედალი. დაჯილდოებულია 5 <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლენინის ორდენი">ლენინის ორდენით</a>, 2 სხვა ორდენით, აგრეთვე საზღვარგარეთის ორდენებით და მედლებით. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ლიტერატურა"><span id=".E1.83.9A.E1.83.98.E1.83.A2.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90.E1.83.A2.E1.83.A3.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90"></span>ლიტერატურა</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&veaction=edit&section=1" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:ლიტერატურა" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>რედაქტირება</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: ლიტერატურა"><span>წყაროს რედაქტირება</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFქსე1984"> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია">ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია</a>, ტ. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://georgianencyclopedia.ge/pdf/7.pdf">7</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3722932">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" title="ბეჭდვითი სიტყვის კომბინატი">თბ.</span>, 1984. — გვ. 539.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="სქოლიო"><span id=".E1.83.A1.E1.83.A5.E1.83.9D.E1.83.9A.E1.83.98.E1.83.9D"></span>სქოლიო</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&veaction=edit&section=2" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:სქოლიო" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>რედაქტირება</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: სქოლიო"><span>წყაროს რედაქტირება</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="font-size: 90%; list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>_1-0"><sup>1.0</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476_citetype_Q11513034"_data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389"></a></div>_1-1"><sup>1.1</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q1789476 citetype_Q11513034" data-entity-id="Q3343389">NooSFere<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1999.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q3343389</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>_2-0"><sup>2.0</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>_2-1"><sup>2.1</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q1789476" data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet Speculative Fiction Database<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1995.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%C3%A8dies/gran-enciclop%C3%A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%25C3%25A8dies/gran-enciclop%25C3%25A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>_3-0"><sup>3.0</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q2664168">[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%25C3%25A8dies/gran-enciclop%25C3%25A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml_Gran_Enciclopèdia_Catalana]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:ca:Grup_Enciclopèdia|Grup_Enciclopèdia]],_1968.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a></div>_3-1"><sup>3.1</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q47461344" data-entity-id="Q2664168"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclop%C3%A8dies/gran-enciclop%C3%A8dia-catalana/EC-GEC-0047410.xml">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_Enciclop%C3%A8dia" class="extiw" title="ca:Grup Enciclopèdia">Grup Enciclopèdia</a>, 1968.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>_4-0"><sup>4.0</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:hr:Dalibor_Brozović|Brozović&nbsp;D.]],_[[:hr:Tomislav_Ladan|Ladan&nbsp;T.]]</i>_[[:ხორვატული_ენციკლოპედია|Hrvatska_enciklopedija]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:hr:Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krleža|LZMK]],_1999._—_9272&nbsp;გვრ.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a></div>_4-1"><sup>4.1</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q47461344" data-entity-id="Q1789619"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalibor_Brozovi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="hr:Dalibor Brozović">Brozović D.</a>, <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomislav_Ladan" class="extiw" title="hr:Tomislav Ladan">Ladan T.</a></i> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ხორვატული ენციკლოპედია">Hrvatska enciklopedija</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leksikografski_zavod_Miroslav_Krle%C5%BEa" class="extiw" title="hr:Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža">LZMK</a>, 1999. — 9272 გვრ.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q17378135">Опарин_Александр_Иванович_//_[[:ru:Большая_советская_энциклопедия_(третье_издание)|Большая_советская_энциклопедия]]:_[в_30_т.]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_под_ред._[[:ალექსანდრე_პროხოროვი|А.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Прохорова]]_—_3-е_изд._—_[[:მოსკოვი|Москва]]:_[[:ru:Большая_российская_энциклопедия_(издательство)|Советская_энциклопедия]],_1974._—_Т.&nbsp;18_:_Никко_—_Отолиты._—_С.&nbsp;409–410.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737"></a></div>-5"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q17378135">Опарин_Александр_Иванович_//_[[:ru:Большая_советская_энциклопедия_(третье_издание)|Большая_советская_энциклопедия]]:_[в_30_т.]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_под_ред._[[:ალექსანდრე_პროხოროვი|А.&nbsp;М.&nbsp;Прохорова]]_—_3-е_изд._—_[[:მოსკოვი|Москва]]:_[[:ru:Большая_российская_энциклопедия_(издательство)|Советская_энциклопедия]],_1974._—_Т.&nbsp;18_:_Никко_—_Отолиты._—_С.&nbsp;409–410.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737"></a></div>_5-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q3331189" data-entity-id="Q17378135">Опарин Александр Иванович // <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" class="extiw" title="ru:Большая советская энциклопедия (третье издание)">Большая советская энциклопедия</a>: [в 30 т.]<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> / под ред. <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ალექსანდრე პროხოროვი">А. М. Прохорова</a> — 3-е изд. — <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვი">Москва</a>: <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" class="extiw" title="ru:Большая российская энциклопедия (издательство)">Советская энциклопедия</a>, 1974. — Т. 18 : Никко — Отолиты. — С. 409–410.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17378135</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q649</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5061737</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827_citetype_Q595971"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:საფრანგეთის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_BnF_authorities:_პლატფორმა_ღია_მონაცემები<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a></div>-6"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827_citetype_Q595971"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:საფრანგეთის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_BnF_authorities:_პლატფორმა_ღია_მონაცემები<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a></div>_6-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q36524 citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q27031827 citetype_Q595971" data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i class="wef_low_priority_links"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="საფრანგეთის ეროვნული ბიბლიოთეკა">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></i> BnF authorities: პლატფორმა ღია მონაცემები<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2011.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q8513_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q194166"_data-entity-id="Q29861311">SNAC<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2010.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311"></a></div>-7"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q8513_citetype_Q35127_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q194166"_data-entity-id="Q29861311">SNAC<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2010.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311"></a></div>_7-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q8513 citetype_Q35127 citetype_Q36524 citetype_Q194166" data-entity-id="Q29861311">SNAC<span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2010.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q5535082_citetype_Q33270056_citetype_Q43229_citetype_Q107553922"_data-entity-id="Q63056">[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8048630_Find_a_Grave]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1996.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a></div>-8"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q5535082_citetype_Q33270056_citetype_Q43229_citetype_Q107553922"_data-entity-id="Q63056">[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8048630_Find_a_Grave]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1996.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a></div>_8-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q7094076 citetype_Q5535082 citetype_Q33270056 citetype_Q43229 citetype_Q107553922" data-entity-id="Q63056"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8048630">Find a Grave</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 1996.</span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13136"_data-entity-id="Q237227">[[:de:s:Brockhaus_Enzyklopädie|ბროკჰაუზის_ენციკლოპედია]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a></div>-9"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13136"_data-entity-id="Q237227">[[:de:s:Brockhaus_Enzyklopädie|ბროკჰაუზის_ენციკლოპედია]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a></div>_9-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q13136" data-entity-id="Q237227"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" class="extiw" title="de:s:Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">ბროკჰაუზის ენციკლოპედია</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130425873">[[:d:Q130425873|«Я_был_рад_и_ошеломлён_находкой_сокровищницы_материалов_по_российской_генетике»]],_[[:d:Q130425873|“I_Was_Delighted_and_Aghast_at_the_Treasure_Trove_of_Materials_on_Russian_Genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2018._—_Vol.&nbsp;10,_Iss.&nbsp;1._—_P.&nbsp;52–80._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a></div>-10"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130425873">[[:d:Q130425873|«Я_был_рад_и_ошеломлён_находкой_сокровищницы_материалов_по_российской_генетике»]],_[[:d:Q130425873|“I_Was_Delighted_and_Aghast_at_the_Treasure_Trove_of_Materials_on_Russian_Genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2018._—_Vol.&nbsp;10,_Iss.&nbsp;1._—_P.&nbsp;52–80._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a></div>_10-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q13442814" data-entity-id="Q130425873"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130425873" class="extiw" title="d:Q130425873">«Я был рад и ошеломлён находкой сокровищницы материалов по российской генетике»</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130425873" class="extiw" title="d:Q130425873">“I Was Delighted and Aghast at the Treasure Trove of Materials on Russian Genetics”</a> // <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126725109" class="extiw" title="d:Q126725109">Историко-биологические исследования</a></i><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2018. — Vol. 10, Iss. 1. — P. 52–80. — ISSN <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176">2076-8176</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221">2500-1221</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130425873</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-[https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf_https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-11"><a href="#cite_ref-[https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf_https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_11-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf">https://darse.fr/v2/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Biologie_et_medicine_en_France_et_en_Rus-1.pdf</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-[https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198_https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-12"><a href="#cite_ref-[https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198_https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_12-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198">https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000018198</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130353315"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Кузовкин&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;В.,_Мартин&nbsp;Б.</i>_[[:d:Q130353315|«К_счастью_для_меня,_я_начал_свое_образование_в_1944_году_и_поэтому_мог_изучать_классическую_генетику»]],_[[:d:Q130353315|“Fortunately_for_me,_I_started_studying_in_1944_and_could_therefore_study_classical_genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2019._—_Т.&nbsp;11,_вып.&nbsp;2._—_С.&nbsp;76–95._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315"></a></div>-13"><a href="#cite_ref-<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13442814"_data-entity-id="Q130353315"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Кузовкин&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;В.,_Мартин&nbsp;Б.</i>_[[:d:Q130353315|«К_счастью_для_меня,_я_начал_свое_образование_в_1944_году_и_поэтому_мог_изучать_классическую_генетику»]],_[[:d:Q130353315|“Fortunately_for_me,_I_started_studying_in_1944_and_could_therefore_study_classical_genetics”]]_//_''[[:d:Q126725109|Историко-биологические_исследования]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2019._—_Т.&nbsp;11,_вып.&nbsp;2._—_С.&nbsp;76–95._—_ISSN_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176_2076-8176];_[https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221_2500-1221]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315"></a></div>_13-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wikidata_cite citetype_Q13442814" data-entity-id="Q130353315"><i class="wef_low_priority_links">Кузовкин Г. В., Мартин Б.</i> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130353315" class="extiw" title="d:Q130353315">«К счастью для меня, я начал свое образование в 1944 году и поэтому мог изучать классическую генетику»</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130353315" class="extiw" title="d:Q130353315">“Fortunately for me, I started studying in 1944 and could therefore study classical genetics”</a> // <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126725109" class="extiw" title="d:Q126725109">Историко-биологические исследования</a></i><span class="wef_low_priority_links"> — 2019. — Т. 11, вып. 2. — С. 76–95. — ISSN <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2076-8176">2076-8176</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2500-1221">2500-1221</a></span></span><div style="display:none"><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q126725109</a>"></a><a href="<a class="external free" href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315">https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q130353315</a>"></a></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-[https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates_https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-14"><a href="#cite_ref-[https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates_https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>_14-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates">https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/popularization-science/laureates</a><span class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div style="display:none"></div></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ReferenceTooltips\" was not loaded. 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