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cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Farhad Daftary</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">فرهاد دفترى</span>; born 1938<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a Belgian-born Iranian-British Islamic scholar who is co-director and head of the Department of Academic Research and Publications at the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Ismaili_Studies" title="Institute of Ismaili Studies">Institute of Ismaili Studies</a> in London.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is related to the <a href="/wiki/Aga_Khan_IV" title="Aga Khan IV">Aga Khan IV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was born in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>. Daftary received a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D</a>. in Economics from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a freelance consulting editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica" title="Encyclopædia Iranica">Encyclopædia Iranica</a></i>, co-editor (with <a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">W. Madelung</a>) of the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Islamica" title="Encyclopaedia Islamica">Encyclopædia Islamica</a></i>, and the general editor of the Ismaili Heritage Series and the Ismaili Texts and Translations Series.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Farhad_Daftary&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Selected works" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <dl><dt>Books authored</dt></dl> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDaftary1992" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (1992), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cSO9zh61AGEC"><i>The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-42974-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-42974-0"><bdi>978-0-521-42974-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Isma%27ilis%3A+Their+History+and+Doctrines&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-521-42974-0&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcSO9zh61AGEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary1994" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V2PisfCC7gkC"><i>The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Ismaʻilis</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/I.B._Tauris" title="I.B. Tauris">I.B. Tauris</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85043-705-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85043-705-5"><bdi>978-1-85043-705-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Assassin+Legends%3A+Myths+of+the+Isma%CA%BBilis&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-85043-705-5&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV2PisfCC7gkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary1998" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=31nuCZESLe0C"><i>A short history of the Ismailis</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University_Press" title="Edinburgh University Press">Edinburgh University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7486-0687-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7486-0687-0"><bdi>978-0-7486-0687-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+short+history+of+the+Ismailis&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-7486-0687-0&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D31nuCZESLe0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2004" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=snchIYFE9D0C"><i>Ismaili literature</i></a>, I.B.Tauris, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85043-439-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85043-439-9"><bdi>978-1-85043-439-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ismaili+literature&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-85043-439-9&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsnchIYFE9D0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2005" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kd-i3bKZeVUC"><i>Ismailis in medieval Muslim societies</i></a>, I.B.Tauris, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-091-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-091-8"><bdi>978-1-84511-091-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ismailis+in+medieval+Muslim+societies&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-091-8&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKd-i3bKZeVUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftaryHirji2008" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad; Hirji, Zulfikar (2008), <i>The Ismailis: An Illustrated History</i>, Azimuth Editions, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898592-26-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898592-26-6"><bdi>978-1-898592-26-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ismailis%3A+An+Illustrated+History&rft.pub=Azimuth+Editions&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-898592-26-6&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft.au=Hirji%2C+Zulfikar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2020" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad (2020), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DIpszQEACAAJ"><i>The Ismaili Imams: A Biographical History</i></a>, Bloomsbury Academic, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780755617982" title="Special:BookSources/9780755617982"><bdi>9780755617982</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ismaili+Imams%3A+A+Biographical+History&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780755617982&rft.aulast=Daftary&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDIpszQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Books edited</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2001" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad, ed. (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uEAly4v3rK0C"><i>Intellectual Traditions in Islam</i></a>, I.B. Tauris, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-760-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-760-4"><bdi>978-1-86064-760-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Intellectual+Traditions+in+Islam&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-760-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuEAly4v3rK0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2001" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad, ed. (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8eebGQXgPcQC"><i>Mediaeval Isma'ili History and Thought</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00310-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00310-0"><bdi>978-0-521-00310-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mediaeval+Isma%27ili+History+and+Thought&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-521-00310-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8eebGQXgPcQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftaryMeri2003" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad; <a href="/wiki/Josef_Meri" class="mw-redirect" title="Josef Meri">Meri, Josef</a>, eds. (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YxqxdJGMkx8C"><i>Culture and memory in medieval Islam: essays in honour of Wilferd Madelung</i></a>, I.B. Tauris, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-859-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-859-5"><bdi>978-1-86064-859-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+and+memory+in+medieval+Islam%3A+essays+in+honour+of+Wilferd+Madelung&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-859-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYxqxdJGMkx8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftaryFerneaNanji2010" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad; <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warnock_Fernea" title="Elizabeth Warnock Fernea">Fernea, Elizabeth</a>; <a href="/wiki/Azim_Nanji" title="Azim Nanji">Nanji, Azim</a>, eds. (2010), <i>Living in Historic Cairo: Past and Present in an Islamic City</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898592-28-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898592-28-0"><bdi>978-1-898592-28-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Living+in+Historic+Cairo%3A+Past+and+Present+in+an+Islamic+City&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-898592-28-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaftary2011" class="citation cs2">Daftary, Farhad, ed. (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1mGJDwAAQBAJ"><i>A Modern History of the Ismailis: Continuity and Change in a Muslim Community</i></a>, I.B. Tauris, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-717-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-717-7"><bdi>978-1-84511-717-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Modern+History+of+the+Ismailis%3A+Continuity+and+Change+in+a+Muslim+Community&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-717-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1mGJDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Farhad_Daftary&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFعلي-دي-أونثاغا)" class="citation journal cs1">علي-دي-أونثاغا), Omar Alí-de-Unzaga (عمر. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/2012772">"Introduction: A Biographical Sketch [of Farhad Daftary]"</a>. <i>In Fortresses of Intellect: Ismaili and Other Islamic Studies in Honour of Farhad Daftary, ed. O. Alí-de-Unzaga (London and New York: IB Tauris/IIS), pp. 1-31</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Fortresses+of+Intellect%3A+Ismaili+and+Other+Islamic+Studies+in+Honour+of+Farhad+Daftary%2C+ed.+O.+Al%C3%AD-de-Unzaga+%28London+and+New+York%3A+IB+Tauris%2FIIS%29%2C+pp.+1-31&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+A+Biographical+Sketch+%5Bof+Farhad+Daftary%5D&rft.aulast=%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A7%29&rft.aufirst=Omar+Al%C3%AD-de-Unzaga+%28%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F2012772&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iis.ac.uk/people/dr-farhad-daftary-0">Dr Farhad Daftary</a>, personal page on the IIS website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFعلي-دي-أونثاغا)" class="citation journal cs1">علي-دي-أونثاغا), Omar Alí-de-Unzaga (عمر. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/2012772">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Introduction: A Biographical Sketch [of Farhad Daftary]'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>In Fortresses of Intellect: Ismaili and Other Islamic Studies in Honour of Farhad Daftary, ed. O. Alí-de-Unzaga (London and New York: IB Tauris/IIS), pp. 1-31</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Fortresses+of+Intellect%3A+Ismaili+and+Other+Islamic+Studies+in+Honour+of+Farhad+Daftary%2C+ed.+O.+Al%C3%AD-de-Unzaga+%28London+and+New+York%3A+IB+Tauris%2FIIS%29%2C+pp.+1-31&rft.atitle=%27Introduction%3A+A+Biographical+Sketch+%5Bof+Farhad+Daftary%5D%27&rft.aulast=%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A7%29&rft.aufirst=Omar+Al%C3%AD-de-Unzaga+%28%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F2012772&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iis.ac.uk/people/dr-farhad-daftary-0">Institute of Ismaili Studies bio</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110624033248/http://iranica.com/pages/consulting">"iranica:consulting"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranica.com/pages/consulting">the original</a> on 2011-06-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=iranica%3Aconsulting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranica.com%2Fpages%2Fconsulting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFarhad+Daftary" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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