Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)

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Common editing issues</a></li><li class="item-493"><a href="/for-authors/language-editing/9-measurements-and-their-descriptions" >9. Measurements and their descriptions</a></li><li class="item-496"><a href="/for-authors/language-editing/10-suggested-resources-for-more-tips-on-language-editing-in-the-sciences" >10. Suggested resources for more tips on language editing in the sciences</a></li><li class="item-499"><a href="/images/stories/author/EnglishGuide-2021.pdf" target="_blank" >Full Guide (PDF file)</a></li></ul></li><li class="item-178 active deeper parent"><span class="separator">LaTeX issues</span> <ul><li class="item-370"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/texnical-background-information" >TeXnical background information </a></li><li class="item-369"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/the-preamble-of-your-tex-file" >The preamble of your TEX file</a></li><li class="item-371 current active"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/the-manuscript-header" >The manuscript header</a></li><li class="item-391"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/including-author-names-using-non-roman-alphabets" >Including author names using non-Roman alphabets</a></li><li class="item-372"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/the-main-text" >The main text</a></li><li class="item-373"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/figures" >Figures</a></li><li class="item-374"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/tables" >Tables</a></li><li class="item-375"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/multi-media" >Multimedia </a></li><li class="item-376"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/references" >References </a></li><li class="item-377"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/typography" >Typography</a></li><li class="item-378"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/appendices" >Appendices </a></li><li class="item-380"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/astronomical-objects-linking-to-databases" >Astronomical objects: linking to databases </a></li><li class="item-381"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/latex-examples" >LaTeX examples</a></li><li class="item-466"><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/information-files" >Information files</a></li></ul></li><li class="item-456"><a href="https://writingstudio.aws.edpsciences.org/login" target="_blank" >Writing studio</a></li><li class="item-459"><a href="/for-authors/submit-an-article" >Submit an article</a></li></ul></li><li class="item-440"><a href="/component/journal_price/" >Subscriber information</a></li><li class="item-514"><a href="/subscribe-to-open-faqs" >Subscribe to Open (S2O) FAQs</a></li><li class="item-437"><a href="/component/services/" >Reader's services</a></li><li class="item-127"><a href="/news" >News</a></li></ul> </nav> <div id="system-message-container"> </div> <div class="item-page"> <h1> The manuscript header </h1> <nav class="anchors"> <ul> <li><a href="#title"><strong>Title</strong></a></li> <li><a href="#authors_addresses"><strong>Authors and addresses</strong></a></li> <li><a href="#footnote"><strong>Footnote to the title block</strong></a></li> <li><a href="#dates_acceptance"><strong>Dates of receipt and acceptance</strong> </a></li> <li><a href="#abstract"><strong>Abstract</strong></a></li> <li><a href="#keywords"><strong>Key words</strong></a></li> <li><a href="#formatting"><strong>Formatting the header and the running title</strong></a></li> </ul> </nav> <h2>Title<a name="title" title="title"></a></h2> <p>Make the title short and communicative; do not use acronyms, except those that are in general use; avoid acronyms known only to those deeply specialized. The main title and the subtitle should not be capitalised, except for the first letter and any other words that are always capitalised. Math variables and symbols should be typeset as in the text.</p> <p>In the manuscript TEX file, please code the title and subtitle of your article as follows:</p> <code> \title{<em>your title</em>}<br /> \subtitle{<em>your subtitle</em>} </code> <p> If a long <span class="courier">\title </span>or <span class="courier">\subtitle</span> needs to split across two or more lines, please insert linebreaks <span class="courier">(\\)</span>.</p> <h2>Authors and addresses <a name="authors_addresses" title="authors_addresses"></a></h2> <p>For every manuscript, all authors and all addresses should be listed. Addresses should contain e-mail addresses where possible. A number should precede each address and the authors' names should be marked with the appropriate numerical superscript(s). Unless the authors request otherwise, the e-mail addresses will be included in the affiliation to facilitate information exchange between readers and authors.</p> <h3>Names of authors</h3> <p>The preferred form for each name is: initial(s) of the forename(s) followed by the family name.</p> <code> \author{<em>first author name</em><br /> \and <em>second author name</em><br /> \and <em>third author name</em>... } </code> <p>If there is more than one author, the order is optional. The names should be separated by <span class="courier">\and</span>. If the authors have different affiliations, each name has to be followed by <span class="courier">\inst{<number />}</span>. Numbers referring to different addresses should be attached to each author, pointing to the corresponding institute.</p> <div class="msg msg-info"><p>A&A offers authors the possibility of being identified with non-Roman alphabets, such as Chinese, Japanese, Cyrillic characters (see specific instructions <strong><a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/including-author-names-using-non-roman-alphabets">here</a></strong>).</p></div> <h3>Addresses</h3> <code>\institute{<em>name of the first institute</em><br /> \and <em>name of the second institute</em>} </code> <p>If there is more than one address, the entries are numbered automatically with <span class="courier">\and</span>, in the order in which you type them. Please make sure that the numbers match those placed next to the authors' names.</p> <p>The authors' institutes can also be given using labels, so that there is no need to rewrite the full institutes list if the order of the authors changes during the evaluation process. An example is given below:</p> <code> \author{V.~Arsenijevic\inst{\ref{inst1}}\and S.~Fabbro\inst{\ref{inst2}}\and<br /> A.~M.~Mour\~ao\inst{\ref{inst3}}\and A.~J.~Rica da Silva\inst{\ref{inst1}}}<br /> <br /> \institute{Multidisciplinar de Astrof\'{\i}sica, IST, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049<br /> Lisbon, Portugal\email{...}\label{inst1} \and < Multidisciplinar de Astrof\'{\i}sica, IST, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049 Lisbon, Portugal\email{...}\label{inst2}<br /> \and<br /> Multidisciplinar de Astrof\'{\i}sica, IST, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049<br /> Lisbon, Portugal\email{...}\label{inst3}<br /> } </code> <p>In the case of large collaborations involving several tens of authors, a special formatting of the authors' list is requested in order to save space. With the longauth option, all the institutes are set below the references (see section <a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/the-preamble-of-your-tex-file">Loading the class</a>). </p> <h2>Footnote to the title block <a name="footnote" title="footnote"></a></h2> <code>...\thanks{<em>text of footnote</em>}</code> <p>If footnotes to the title, subtitle, author's names or institute addresses are needed, please use thanks immediately after the word where the footnote indicator should be placed. These footnotes are marked by asterisks (*). If you need more than one consecutive footnote, use <span class="courier">\fnmsep</span> to typeset the comma separating the asterisks (see example in the file <span class="courier">aa_example</span> available in the <a href="/doc_journal/instructions/macro/aa/macro-latex-aa.zip" target="_blank">macro package</a>).</p> <h2>Dates of receipt and acceptance <a name="dates_acceptance" title="dates_acceptance"></a></h2> <p>Enter the receipt and acceptance dates as follows:</p> <code>\date{<em>Received date</em> /<br /> <em>Accepted date </em>}</code> <p>The date is in format "day month year" (e.g., 1 January 2005).</p> <p>The receipt and acceptance dates of your manuscript will be set by the editors and inserted by the publisher. </p> <h2>Abstract <a name="abstract" title="abstract"></a></h2> <p> A new concept "Structured Abstract" is implemented with the version 6.0 of the A&A macro package. Just like a traditional abstract, a structured abstract summarizes the content of the paper, but it does make the structure of the article explicit and visible. For doing so, the structured abstract uses headings that define several short paragraphs. Three paragraphs, entitled respectively Aims, Methods, and Results, are mandatory. When appropriate, the structured abstract may use an introductory paragraph entitled Context, and a final paragraph entitled Conclusions. </p> <p>Proceed as follows:</p> <code>\abstract<br /> {}{}{}{}{} </code> <p>The second, third and fourth arguments have to be completed. The first one and the last one might be left empty. For example:</p> <p> <span class="courier"> \abstract {} {Text of aims} {Text of methods} {Text of results} {}</span><br /> <br /> </p> <p> The abstract should accurately summarize the paper's content, be limited to 300 words, and be self-contained (no references, and abbreviations or acronyms should be introduced). A counter of words has been added with an error message for an abstract exceeding 300 words. Citations in an abstract display an error message. Please note that abstract is a command with 5 arguments, and not an environment. </p> <p> <strong>Remark</strong>: Authors who prefer to keep a non-structured an unstructured format can do so using the command <span class="courier">\abstract{..}</span> which will make the abstract a single paragraph without headings.</p> <h2>Key words <a name="keywords" title="keywords"></a></h2> <p> A maximum of 6 key words should be listed after the abstract. These must be selected from a list that is published each year in the first issue in January<a href="#"></a>. This list is common to the major astronomical and astrophysical journals. </p> <p> List of <a href="/for-authors/latex-issues/information-files#pop">key words</a>. </p> <p>In your TEX file, the key words should read as follows:</p> <code>\keywords{stars: chromospheres -- stars: late-type -- stars: winds, outflows -- radio continuum: stars } </code> </p> <h2>Formatting the header and the running title <a name="formatting" title="formatting"></a></h2> <p>Having entered the commands described above to set the title block of the article, please format the complete heading of your article by typing:</p> <code>\maketitle</code> <p>If you leave it out, the work done so far will produce no text. The command <span class="courier">\maketitle</span> will automatically generate the running title, derivating it from the author and title inputs. If the title is too long for the space available, you will be asked to supply a shorter version. In this case, enter before <span class="courier">\maketitle</span> :</p> <code> \titlerunning{<em>short title</em>}<br /> \authorrunning{<em>name(s) of author(s)</em>} </code> <p> If there are two authors, both names, separated by an ampersand (<span class="courier">&,</span> coded as <span class="courier">\&</span>), should be given; if there are more than two authors, the name of the first plus et al.should be given. The title should be shortened to a maximum of about 60 characters, spaces ignored, following the wording of the original title as closely as possible. If a paper has a numbered subtitle, the main title (length permitting) should be given, followed by the roman numeral of the subtitle. </p> <p>The Editors reserve the right to modify the running head suggested by the authors, should this be necessary.</p> <p>The required style is illustrated below (the colon will be inserted by the macro):</p> <p> N. Copernicus: How active is NGC 4258? <br /> E. Hertzsprung & E.P. Hubble: Optical spectroscopy of WR stars in M33 and M31. II <br /> A.S. Eddington et al.: Infrared lines as probes of solar magnetic features. IV <br /> C. Barbieri et al.: (RN) First HST/FOC images of the low mass companion of the astronomic binary Gliese 623 </p> <p>The section LaTeX examples provides an example of a manuscript header coded with LaTeX. </p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="footer-journal"> <div class="wrap"> <div class="footer-infos"> <h3>Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)</h3> <div class="flexme flexme3"> <div class="c13"> <p> Editor-in-Chief: T. Forveille<br /> Letters Editor-in-Chief: J. Alves<br /> Managing Editor: D. 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