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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-GB" class="no-js"><head><meta charSet="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title data-rh="true">Ukraine war is economic catastrophe, warns World Bank - BBC News</title><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="The war will cut growth and push up living costs globally, the World Bank tells the BBC."/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#FFFFFF"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/bbcnews"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="1609039196070050"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="The war will cut growth and push up living costs globally, the World Bank tells the BBC."/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/branded_news/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;padding:0;margin-top:-0.25rem;width:100%;}.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:0.5rem;margin-right:0.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:1rem;}}.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:2.0625rem;vertical-align:middle;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 25.625rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (max-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{padding:0 0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;max-width:7rem;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:100%;}}.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-right:3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{padding-right:0;}}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList >li{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;min-width:2.75rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;text-align:left;}.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-5fw2ee-AccountComponentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;min-width:inherit;width:inherit;}.ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent{height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;text-align:left;display:inline-block;position:absolute;}html.no-js .ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent{display:none;}.ssrcss-n7m3zs-StyledLoadingPlaceholderWrapper{min-width:inherit;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:100%;}.ssrcss-h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper{display:inline-block;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;height:2rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon{background-color:#F6F6F6;overflow:hidden;border-radius:50%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:2rem;height:2rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-82dxfl-Skeleton-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderText{background-color:#F6F6F6;overflow:hidden;width:100%;border-radius:5%;height:0.875rem;}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:1.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-right:0.3125rem;}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0071F1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.625rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}html.no-js .ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{opacity:1;pointer-events:all;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:inherit;margin-right:0;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:8.5rem;text-align:left;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:2rem;height:2rem;vertical-align:-0.6875rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;vertical-align:-0.5625rem;}}.ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon{display:block;height:100%;width:100%;fill:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-19sye53-VerticalSeparator{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19sye53-VerticalSeparator{display:block;border-left:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;height:1.5rem;margin-top:1rem;}}.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(8){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(1),.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(2),.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(3){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(4){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(5){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 45.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(6){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 48rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(7){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;}.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;}.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 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1);}}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;}.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct#more-menu-button{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;max-width:3rem;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end;}}.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;min-width:1.25rem;margin-top:-0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:focus 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active){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media ( min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState{width:2rem;}}.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.25rem;height:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper>svg{vertical-align:0.1875rem;}}.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-order:2;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;padding-left:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{padding-left:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;width:1.5rem;height:1.375rem;vertical-align:-0.5em;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;background:none;min-width:1.25rem;text-align:center;margin-top:-0.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:3rem;width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{background:#E6E8EA;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;min-width:11.25rem;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{display:none;}}.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.625rem;height:1.625rem;vertical-align:middle;color:#000000;width:1.75rem;height:1.8125rem;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1.375rem;height:1.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:-0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-pz7t8-SearchText{padding-left:0.5rem;color:#000000;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media ( min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-pz7t8-SearchText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer{overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-property:max-height,height;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);transition-delay:0s,0s,0.4s;transition-duration:0.4s,0.4s,0s;transition-property:max-height,height,display;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-duration:0.2s,0.2s,0s;}}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer:focus{outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu{height:0;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{visibility:visible;display:block;height:auto;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:28rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:8.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}.ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En:focus{outline:none;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;}}@supports (display: grid){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:grid;grid-gap:0 0.5rem;gap:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(7.5rem, 1fr));}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{min-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(1),.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(2),.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(3){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li{padding-right:1.25rem;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(4){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(5){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 45.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(6){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 48rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(7){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem{height:1.75rem;margin:0.25rem 0;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem{height:3.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem:focus>*::after,.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#141414;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0068FF;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#482878;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#002856;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#149EDC;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper{margin-top:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' 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(text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active{cursor:pointer;background:#0051AD;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:2px solid currentcolor;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}.ssrcss-12njlvq-ProductNavigationContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;position:relative;}.ssrcss-1fa1ju1-Masthead{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;background:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper{margin:0.25rem 0;}.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:auto;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none),(-ms-high-contrast: active){.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{width:100%;}}.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{display:block;padding:calc(0.75rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.625rem;fill:currentcolor;max-width:10rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(0.875rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.75rem;max-width:15.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(1rem - 0.25rem) 0;max-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-as2ggt-Navigation{border-top:0.0625rem solid #DB7F7F;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-wlpshj-MainNavBarContainer{border-bottom:0.25rem solid #B80000;}.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer .e14xdrat1 .eis6szr3:not(:last-of-type) .eis6szr2 .eis6szr1{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:0.0625rem;border-right-color:#DB7F7F;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{position:absolute;right:0.5rem;top:0.25rem;background-color:transparent;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{top:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591{border:0.0625rem solid;border-color:#DB7F7F;}.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus,.ssrcss-1fph62a-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active{color:#141414;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:0.5rem;cursor:pointer;color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#B80000;border:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.75rem;}}}.ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{background-color:transparent;display:block;padding:0;margin:0;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{overflow-x:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;-ms-overflow-style:-ms-autohiding-scrollbar;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none;}}}.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;left:-0.5rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}}.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{min-height:2.75rem;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 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>*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-left:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel{display:block;}html.no-js .ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel{display:none;}.ssrcss-44a2yh-Button{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:#EB0000;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0 #EB0000;}@media (min-width: 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e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="David Malpass" loading="eager" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/15FCC/production/_123506009_0f937bfc-751a-40c5-ae2a-aa65e8c7e3a0.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Reuters</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">David Malpass says "it's too early to say" if the war in Ukraine will lead to a global recession</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="byline-block" class="ssrcss-1hbb5i-BylineComponentWrapper e8mq1e90"><div class="ssrcss-qt5zqv-BylineWrapper e8mq1e917"><div class="ssrcss-h3c0s8-ContributorContainer e8mq1e916"><div class="ssrcss-1u2in0b-Container-ContributorDetails e8mq1e913"><div class="ssrcss-68pt20-Text-TextContributorName e8mq1e96">By Jonathan Josephs</div><div class="ssrcss-84ltp5-Text e8mq1e910">Business reporter, BBC News</div></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-jlwt2c-Divider e8mq1e915"></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">The war in Ukraine is "a catastrophe" for the world which will cut global economic growth, the president of the World Bank has told the BBC.</b></p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"The war in Ukraine comes at a bad time for the world because inflation was already rising," said David Malpass. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He stressed his biggest concern is "about the pure human loss of lives" that is occurring. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Thousands of civilians and soldiers are thought to have been killed by the fighting.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mr Malpass said the economic impact of the war stretches beyond Ukraine's borders, and the rises in global energy prices in particular "hit the poor the most, as does inflation". </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Food prices have also been pushed up by the war, and "are a very real consideration and problem for people in poor countries".</p></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1x9m6ni-BulletListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/business-60509453" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Why the Ukraine conflict could push up prices</a></p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/business-60565784" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Don't buy Russian oil, says Ukraine energy giant</a></p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/business-60550610" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Why the world is waging economic war on Russia </a></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="Food-crunch" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">Food crunch</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mr Malpass points out that both Russia and Ukraine are big food producers. Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil, with Russia number two, according to S&P Global Platts. Between them they account for 60% of global production.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The two countries also account for 28.9% of global wheat exports according to JP Morgan. Wheat prices on the Chicago future exchange have been trading at 14-year highs. </p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="sunflowers near Rakoshyno village, , Zakarpattia Region, western Ukraine" loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil but the war has stopped exports</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Russian supplies of these commodities are being restricted because of the widespread sanctions which make it hard for the rest of the world to buy its products. Ukrainian supplies have been stopped because fighting has closed the country's ports.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"There's no way to adjust quickly enough to the loss of supply from Ukraine and from Russia, and so that adds to prices," said Mr Malpass. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He says the same is true of Russian energy supplies, and it is particularly damaging for western Europe, where governments have "neglected other aspects of how to have enough electricity". About 39% of the EU's electricity comes from power stations that burn fossil fuels, and <a href="/news/58888451" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Russia is the biggest source of that oil and gas</a>.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">As the EU looks to accelerate its transition to other energy sources, Vladimir Putin's government "may permanently lose some of their markets", said Mr Malpass. Such a loss of income is just one way this war will dent living standards in Russia, so too will the <a href="/news/business-60550992" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">fall in the value of the rouble</a> and the inflation that brings.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="A member of the Territorial Defence Forces guards a checkpoint, as Russia"s invasion of Ukraine continues, at the Independence Square in central Kyiv," loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Reuters</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The war in Ukraine will cause more problems for a global economy, David Malpass says</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The World Bank has committed $7.9bn to help develop Ukraine's economy since the 2014 revolution. That money has helped the country institute wide-ranging economic reforms including privatisations in the energy and banking sectors, as well as efforts to make its farmland more productive.</p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="Catastrophic" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">'Catastrophic'</span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Less than a month before the Russian invasion Ukraine's independent central bank forecast that the $180bn economy would grow 3.4% this year, after the difficulties of the pandemic.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">However, war means "a catastrophic impact for our economy, for the region overall", according to Alexander Rodnyansky, who is an economic adviser to President Zelensky.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He adds: "We've already seen massive destructions of roads and bridges and infrastructure. So that is something that will have to be rebuilt over the years when the war is over. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"It's hard to put a number on that right now, but we can already see that we've given up percentages and GDP growth just because of what happened already."</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">With hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians fleeing the country or joining the fight against Russia the workforce has shrunk dramatically, which is making it difficult to keep the wartime economy going.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"Production is just collapsing", says Mr Rodnyansky, who says there are disruptions to vital food and energy supplies.</p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1b5y2ub-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Alexander Rodnyansky," loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/A064/production/_123506014_alexander.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-1kk6ucf-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">War is having "a catastrophic impact" on Ukraine's economy, says Alexander Rodnyansky</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Big western companies, such as food manufacturer Nestle and brewer Carlsberg, have big operations in Ukraine that have been disrupted by the war. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">A surge of foreign investment in recent years helped to reshape the Ukrainian economy amid a corruption crackdown that was part of a deal for development support from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.</p></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><div class="ssrcss-1x9m6ni-BulletListContainer e5tfeyi0"><ul role="list"><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/business-60571133" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Growing numbers of firms pull back from Russia</a></p></li><li><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><a href="/news/world-europe-60558731" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">'I can't pay' - Russians feel the pain of sanctions</a></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mr Rodnyansky said that shift "absolutely reflects the people's desire in Ukraine to integrate with the European Union, to be part of the European family, and to just have a democratic, strong, economically free country that's flourishing". </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He says there has been a drive to digitisation that has made it easier to do business in the country: "It stands in stark contrast to what happens in Russia… and that's perhaps another reason why the Russian leader just so blatantly hates everything about Ukraine and what Ukraine stands for."</p></div></div><div data-component="video-block" class="ssrcss-xza2yt-ComponentWrapper ep2nwvo1"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><div data-chromatic="ignore" class="ssrcss-dtyrnv-MediaPlayerWrapper e1h75hkw4"><div data-testid="media-player-container-landscape" class="ssrcss-aaorng-MediaContainer e1h75hkw3"><div class="ssrcss-199fzb3-MediaInner e1h75hkw2"><div data-testid="bbc-logo-wrapper" class="ssrcss-1twt4cc-LogoIconWrapper e1h75hkw0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 112 32" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M111.99999,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,32.0000444 L79.9999905,32.0000444 L79.9999905,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,4.44444577e-05 Z M72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,32 L40.0000119,32 L40.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 Z M32,-3.55271368e-15 L32,32 L-1.13686838e-13,32 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18.3252277,12.0600591 C18.3252277,12.7988371 18.0762276,13.373504 17.5786719,13.7846152 C17.0807829,14.1960598 16.3587826,14.4013932 15.4125601,14.4013932 L15.4125601,14.4013932 L12.6468927,14.4013932 L12.6468927,9.92028073 Z"></path></svg></div></div></div><noscript><div class="ssrcss-1mm7qis-ErrorMessage eitf6462"><div class="ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer eitf6461"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">This video can not be played</p><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-ad2rmd-Heading e10rt3ze0">To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser.</h2></div></div></noscript></div></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-11b8pqw-StyledFigureCaption e1xtk7to0"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Media caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Watch: Ros Atkins on Russian gas and oil</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Mr Malpass is concerned that the war will do long term damage to those changes that Ukraine's economy and people have benefited from.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">A desire to stop them unravelling is one reason why the World Bank is in the process of putting together a $350m aid package for Ukraine which is expected to be approved within the next few days.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"It will help fund the budget of Ukraine," said Mr Malpass. With tax revenues collapsing because of the war it will help pay for things such as government salaries, social welfare and emergency supplies.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He is conscious that as well as the risk to the lives of millions of Ukrainian, the war could "be a lasting [economic] setback, where Russia pulls them toward Russia, under the ideas, the goals of an individual leader". </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">"Their per capita income has fallen below China's because in part because of economic mismanagement, and because they really have maintained such a centralised system of decision making under Putin for now, ever since 2000."</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">He adds: "The risk is that Ukraine is controlled by that."</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The warnings by Mr Malpass came as the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) cut its growth forecast for the UK's economy, amid soaring inflation, tax rises, and global shocks including Russia's invasion of Ukraine.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The BCC predicts the UK will grow by 3.6% this year, down from its previous forecast of 4.2%, with consumer spending expected to slow as household incomes come under pressure from rising inflation.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The new estimate is less than half the 7.5% growth rate seen last year, when the UK's economy rebounded from the Covid-induced slump in 2020.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><i class="ssrcss-xbdn93-ItalicText e5tfeyi2"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">You can watch David Malpass' full interview on "</b></i><a href="/programmes/m00158ss" class="ssrcss-f6h2dj-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Talking Business with Aaron Heslehurst</a><i class="ssrcss-xbdn93-ItalicText e5tfeyi2"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">" this weekend on BBC World News at Saturday 23:30 GMT, Sunday 05:30 and 16:30 GMT and Monday at 08:30 GMT</b></i></p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><i class="ssrcss-xbdn93-ItalicText e5tfeyi2"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Viewers in the UK can watch the show at 0430 GMT on Sunday on the BBC News Channel</b></i></p></div></div><div data-component="topic-list" class="ssrcss-1qmkvfu-TopicListWrapper etw6iwl1"><div class="ssrcss-113c0cq-StyledTagContainer ed0g1kj1"><div class="ssrcss-50vlbt-TopicListHeaderWrapper etw6iwl0"><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-ad2rmd-Heading e10rt3ze0">Related topics</h2></div><div class="ssrcss-17ehax8-Cluster e1ihwmse1"><ul role="list" spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1ujonwb-ClusterItems e1ihwmse0"><li><a href="/news/topics/c008ql15108t" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">World Bank</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/c1vw6q14rzqt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">War in Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/c2041rg5e6gt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Global energy crisis</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/c34nrzm2n0pt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Economic inequality</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/c44pykkk111t" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">International sanctions</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/c77jz3mdmxxt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">International Monetary Fund (IMF)</a></li><li><a href="/news/business/economy" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Economy</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/ce1qrvlegnyt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cg56g7wq85et" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Inflation</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cg5rv39y9mmt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Global trade</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cg6d1ekrxxqt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Economic sanctions</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/ckl8yj23j73t" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Economic growth</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cmjpj223708t" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Oil</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cwlw3xz0ljmt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">European Union</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cx1m7zg0gzdt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/news/topics/cxwdwz5d8gxt" class="ssrcss-w6az1r-StyledLink ed0g1kj0">Natural gas</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div data-component="links-block" class="ssrcss-5i1hhv-LinksComponentWrapper e3eyuya0"><section class="ssrcss-msolhr-LinksWrapper e3eyuya5"><div class="ssrcss-1lqqmgw-LinksHeadingWrapper e3eyuya4"><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-ad2rmd-Heading e10rt3ze0">More on this story</h2></div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ypkflt-EndOfContentLinksGrid e3eyuya2"><li class="ssrcss-547yr3-PromoItem e3eyuya1"><div data-testid="promo" class="ssrcss-15ic1ob-Promo e1vyq2e80"><div class="ssrcss-1m4lri3-PromoSwitchLayoutAtBreakpoints et5qctl0"><div class="ssrcss-1d68cot-PromoContent exn3ah99"><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><a href="/news/business-60550610" class="ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink exn3ah91"><span role="text"><p class="ssrcss-1sen9vx-PromoHeadline exn3ah96"><span aria-hidden="false">Why the world is waging economic war on Russia</span></p></span></a></div><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ik71mx-MetadataStripContainer eh44mf03"><div class="ssrcss-13nu8ri-GroupChildrenForWrapping eh44mf02"><li role="listitem" class="ssrcss-30fcoe-MetadataStripItem eh44mf01"><div class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Published</div><div class="ssrcss-m5j4pi-MetadataContent eh44mf00"><span class="ssrcss-1pvwv4b-MetadataSnippet e4wm5bw3"><span class="ssrcss-1if1g9v-MetadataText e4wm5bw1">28 February 2022</span></span></div></li></div></ul></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-z60stg-PromoImageContainer en81kx34"><div class="ssrcss-17h6w1t-PromoImageContainerInner en81kx32"><div class="ssrcss-fec6qv-ImageWrapper en81kx33"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><span><noscript><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Russian banknotes." loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/2048/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/1132C/production/_123444407_gettyimages-1344395797.jpg 976w" width="2048" height="1152" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></noscript></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></li><li class="ssrcss-547yr3-PromoItem e3eyuya1"><div 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reporter, BBC News\"}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The war in Ukraine is \\\"a catastrophe\\\" for the world which will cut global economic growth, the president of the World Bank has told the BBC.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The war in Ukraine is \\\"a catastrophe\\\" for the world which will cut global economic growth, the president of the World Bank has told the BBC.\",\"attributes\":[\"bold\"]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"The war in Ukraine comes at a bad time for the world because inflation was already rising,\\\" said David Malpass. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"The war in Ukraine comes at a bad time for the world because inflation was already rising,\\\" said David Malpass. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He stressed his biggest concern is \\\"about the pure human loss of lives\\\" that is occurring. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He stressed his biggest concern is \\\"about the pure human loss of lives\\\" that is occurring. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Thousands of civilians and soldiers are thought to have been killed by the fighting.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Thousands of civilians and soldiers are thought to have been killed by the fighting.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mr Malpass said the economic impact of the war stretches beyond Ukraine's borders, and the rises in global energy prices in particular \\\"hit the poor the most, as does inflation\\\". \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mr Malpass said the economic impact of the war stretches beyond Ukraine's borders, and the rises in global energy prices in particular \\\"hit the poor the most, as does inflation\\\". \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Food prices have also been pushed up by the war, and \\\"are a very real consideration and problem for people in poor countries\\\".\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Food prices have also been pushed up by the war, and \\\"are a very real consideration and problem for people in poor countries\\\".\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Why the Ukraine conflict could push up prices\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Why the Ukraine conflict could push up prices\",\"locator\":\"/news/business-60509453\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Why the Ukraine conflict could push up 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\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Food crunch\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Food crunch\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"Food-crunch\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mr Malpass points out that both Russia and Ukraine are big food producers. Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil, with Russia number two, according to S&P Global Platts. Between them they account for 60% of global production.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Mr Malpass points out that both Russia and Ukraine are big food producers. Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil, with Russia number two, according to S&P Global Platts. Between them they account for 60% of global production.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The two countries also account for 28.9% of global wheat exports according to JP Morgan. Wheat prices on the Chicago future exchange have been trading at 14-year highs. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The two countries also account for 28.9% of global wheat exports according to JP Morgan. Wheat prices on the Chicago future exchange have been trading at 14-year highs. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil but the war has stopped exports\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Ukraine is the world's biggest producer of sunflower oil but the war has stopped exports\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"sunflowers near Rakoshyno village, , Zakarpattia Region, western Ukraine\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/5244/production/_123506012_tv074285214.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Russian supplies of these commodities are being restricted because of the widespread sanctions which make it hard for the rest of the world to buy its products. Ukrainian supplies have been stopped because fighting has closed the country's ports.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Russian supplies of these commodities are being restricted because of the widespread sanctions which make it hard for the rest of the world to buy its products. Ukrainian supplies have been stopped because fighting has closed the country's ports.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"There's no way to adjust quickly enough to the loss of supply from Ukraine and from Russia, and so that adds to prices,\\\" said Mr Malpass. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"There's no way to adjust quickly enough to the loss of supply from Ukraine and from Russia, and so that adds to prices,\\\" said Mr Malpass. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He says the same is true of Russian energy supplies, and it is particularly damaging for western Europe, where governments have \\\"neglected other aspects of how to have enough electricity\\\". About 39% of the EU's electricity comes from power stations that burn fossil fuels, and Russia is the biggest source of that oil and gas.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He says the same is true of Russian energy supplies, and it is particularly damaging for western Europe, where governments have \\\"neglected other aspects of how to have enough electricity\\\". About 39% of the EU's electricity comes from power stations that burn fossil fuels, and \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Russia is the biggest source of that oil and gas\",\"locator\":\"/news/58888451\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Russia is the biggest source of that oil and gas\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\".\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"As the EU looks to accelerate its transition to other energy sources, Vladimir Putin's government \\\"may permanently lose some of their markets\\\", said Mr Malpass. Such a loss of income is just one way this war will dent living standards in Russia, so too will the fall in the value of the rouble and the inflation that brings.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"As the EU looks to accelerate its transition to other energy sources, Vladimir Putin's government \\\"may permanently lose some of their markets\\\", said Mr Malpass. Such a loss of income is just one way this war will dent living standards in Russia, so too will the \",\"attributes\":[]}},{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"fall in the value of the rouble\",\"locator\":\"/news/business-60550992\",\"isExternal\":false,\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"fall in the value of the rouble\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\" and the inflation that brings.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The war in Ukraine will cause more problems for a global economy, David Malpass says\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The war in Ukraine will cause more problems for a global economy, David Malpass says\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"A member of the Territorial Defence Forces guards a checkpoint, as Russia\\\"s invasion of Ukraine continues, at the Independence Square in central Kyiv,\",\"copyright\":\"Reuters\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/EA9C/production/_123506006_kyibv074309817.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The World Bank has committed $7.9bn to help develop Ukraine's economy since the 2014 revolution. That money has helped the country institute wide-ranging economic reforms including privatisations in the energy and banking sectors, as well as efforts to make its farmland more productive.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The World Bank has committed $7.9bn to help develop Ukraine's economy since the 2014 revolution. That money has helped the country institute wide-ranging economic reforms including privatisations in the energy and banking sectors, as well as efforts to make its farmland more productive.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"'Catastrophic'\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"'Catastrophic'\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"Catastrophic\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Less than a month before the Russian invasion Ukraine's independent central bank forecast that the $180bn economy would grow 3.4% this year, after the difficulties of the pandemic.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Less than a month before the Russian invasion Ukraine's independent central bank forecast that the $180bn economy would grow 3.4% this year, after the difficulties of the pandemic.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"However, war means \\\"a catastrophic impact for our economy, for the region overall\\\", according to Alexander Rodnyansky, who is an economic adviser to President Zelensky.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"However, war means \\\"a catastrophic impact for our economy, for the region overall\\\", according to Alexander Rodnyansky, who is an economic adviser to President Zelensky.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He adds: \\\"We've already seen massive destructions of roads and bridges and infrastructure. So that is something that will have to be rebuilt over the years when the war is over. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He adds: \\\"We've already seen massive destructions of roads and bridges and infrastructure. So that is something that will have to be rebuilt over the years when the war is over. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"It's hard to put a number on that right now, but we can already see that we've given up percentages and GDP growth just because of what happened already.\\\"\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"It's hard to put a number on that right now, but we can already see that we've given up percentages and GDP growth just because of what happened already.\\\"\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"With hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians fleeing the country or joining the fight against Russia the workforce has shrunk dramatically, which is making it difficult to keep the wartime economy going.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"With hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians fleeing the country or joining the fight against Russia the workforce has shrunk 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\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A surge of foreign investment in recent years helped to reshape the Ukrainian economy amid a corruption crackdown that was part of a deal for development support from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"A surge of foreign investment in recent years helped to reshape the Ukrainian economy amid a corruption crackdown that was part of a deal for development support from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"unorderedList\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"listItem\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Growing numbers of firms pull back from Russia\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"urlLink\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Growing numbers of firms pull back from 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With tax revenues collapsing because of the war it will help pay for things such as government salaries, social welfare and emergency supplies.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"It will help fund the budget of Ukraine,\\\" said Mr Malpass. With tax revenues collapsing because of the war it will help pay for things such as government salaries, social welfare and emergency supplies.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He is conscious that as well as the risk to the lives of millions of Ukrainian, the war could \\\"be a lasting [economic] setback, where Russia pulls them toward Russia, under the ideas, the goals of an individual leader\\\". \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"He is conscious that as well as the risk to the lives of millions of Ukrainian, the war could \\\"be a lasting [economic] setback, where Russia pulls them toward Russia, under the ideas, the goals of an individual leader\\\". \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"Their per capita income has fallen below China's because in part because of economic mismanagement, and because they really have maintained such a centralised system of decision making under Putin 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