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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ганна Святаслаўна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ганна Святаслаўна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ганна Сьвятаслаўна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ганна Сьвятаслаўна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_de_Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Anna de Lituània – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anna de Lituània" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_af_Litauen" title="Anna af Litauen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Anna af Litauen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_(Gro%C3%9Ff%C3%BCrstin_von_Litauen)" title="Anna (Großfürstin von Litauen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anna (Großfürstin von Litauen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana_de_Lituania" title="Ana de Lituania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ana de Lituania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_di_Lituania" title="Anna di Lituania – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anna di Lituania" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ona_Vytautien%C4%97" title="Ona Vytautienė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ona Vytautienė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_van_Litouwen_(-1418)" title="Anna van Litouwen (-1418) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anna van Litouwen (-1418)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_%C5%9Awiatos%C5%82awowna" title="Anna Światosławowna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anna Światosławowna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Анна (жена Витовта) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анна (жена Витовта)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_av_Litauen" title="Anna av Litauen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anna av Litauen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Анна Святославна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анна Святославна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2668881#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Anna</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg/250px-Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg/375px-Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg/500px-Lithuanian_Grand_Duchess_Anna.Kunigaik%C5%A1tien%C4%97_Ona.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="1316" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">16th-century miniature of Anna</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchess_consort_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania">Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tenure</th><td class="infobox-data">4 August 1392 – 31 July 1418</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1350</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">31 July 1418 (aged 67–68)<br /><a href="/wiki/Trakai" title="Trakai">Trakai</a>, Grand Duchy of Lithuania</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Vilnius_Cathedral" title="Vilnius Cathedral">Vilnius Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vytautas" title="Vytautas">Vytautas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Lithuania" title="Sophia of Lithuania">Sophia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_K%C4%99stutis" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Kęstutis">Kęstutis</a> (<i>by marriage</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>disputed</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anna</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>: <i lang="lt">Ona Vytautienė</i>; died on 31 July 1418 in <a href="/wiki/Trakai" title="Trakai">Trakai</a><sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duchess of Lithuania">Grand Duchess of Lithuania</a> (1392–1418). She probably was the first wife of <a href="/wiki/Vytautas_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Vytautas the Great">Vytautas the Great</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke of Lithuania">Grand Duke of Lithuania</a>. Anna was mother of <a href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Lithuania" title="Sophia of Lithuania">Sophia of Lithuania</a>, the wife of <a href="/wiki/Vasily_I_of_Moscow" title="Vasily I of Moscow">Vasily I of Moscow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is best remembered for helping Vytautas to escape from a prison in <a href="/wiki/Kreva" title="Kreva">Kreva</a> in 1382 and thus probably saving his life. Little is known about Anna's life and even her origins remain disputed by historians. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_the_civil_wars">During the civil wars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: During the civil wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Likely Anna and Vytautas were married between 1368 and 1377<sup id="cite_ref-teg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-teg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or around 1370.<sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anna first comes to light in 1382 when her husband was imprisoned in the <a href="/wiki/Kreva_Castle" title="Kreva Castle">Kreva Castle</a> by his cousin <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Civil_War_(1381%E2%80%931384)" title="Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384)">Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While all accounts agree that she freed her husband, details vary from source to source. It is unclear how much freedom Anna had in Kreva and if she was guarded. It is written in the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Chronicles" title="Lithuanian Chronicles">Lithuanian Chronicles</a> that she had two maids with her. She convinced one of them to exchange clothes with Vytautas who then escaped undetected.<sup id="cite_ref-ignasp_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignasp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-turnbull_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnbull-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chronicler <a href="/wiki/Wigand_of_Marburg" title="Wigand of Marburg">Wigand of Marburg</a> claimed that Vytautas dressed in Anna's clothes rather than in one of Anna's maids.<sup id="cite_ref-ignasp_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignasp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is believed that Anna remained in Kreva and no information is available on how she escaped or was released.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian <a href="/wiki/Teodor_Narbutt" title="Teodor Narbutt">Teodor Narbutt</a> (1784–1864) later added many colorful details to the story, including Vytautas illness and maid Alena, who sacrificed herself to save her master.<sup id="cite_ref-ignasp_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignasp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1389, when her husband's coup to capture <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> failed, she was in <a href="/wiki/Hrodna" class="mw-redirect" title="Hrodna">Hrodna</a>. After the failed coup Anna followed her husband to the <a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Knights" class="mw-redirect" title="Teutonic Knights">Teutonic Knights</a>, where Vytautas asked for an alliance against his cousins Jogaila and <a href="/wiki/Skirgaila" title="Skirgaila">Skirgaila</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Civil_War_(1389%E2%80%931392)" title="Lithuanian Civil War (1389–1392)">Lithuanian Civil War (1389–1392)</a>. For a while she was held hostage to guarantee that Vytautas would not break the alliance.<sup id="cite_ref-urbant_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urbant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the disagreements were settled in 1392, Anna confirmed the <a href="/wiki/Ostr%C3%B3w_Agreement" title="Ostrów Agreement">Ostrów Agreement</a>, the peace treaty which made Vytautas the Grand Duke of Lithuania. She signed two letters, one given to Jogaila and another to his wife <a href="/wiki/Jadwiga_of_Poland" title="Jadwiga of Poland">Jadwiga of Poland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anna continued to be active in political life and attended negotiations for the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Salynas" title="Treaty of Salynas">Treaty of Salynas</a> (1398).<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_life">Later life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg/300px-Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg/450px-Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg/600px-Wojciech-Gerson-Kiejstut_i_Witold.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K%C4%99stutis" title="Kęstutis">Kęstutis</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/Vytautas" title="Vytautas">Vytautas</a> imprisoned in <a href="/wiki/Kreva" title="Kreva">Kreva</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a> in 1382. Kęstutis died within a week. Vytautas remained locked up for a couple of months before being saved by his wife Anna.</figcaption></figure> <p>Before 1396, she and her husband traveled to <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9sm%C3%A1rk" class="mw-redirect" title="Késmárk">Késmárk</a> to meet King <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigismund of Hungary">Sigismund of Hungary</a> to establish a friendly relationship. While they spoke for a long time, a fire broke out burning half of the city, leading the Hungarian nobles to suspect Vytautas's people. Sigismund intervened and cleared up the situation, resuming the negotiations. After the visit was finished, Vytautas and his wife Anna gave many presents to Sigismund including a coat, a hat and gloves made of <a href="/wiki/Sable" title="Sable">sable</a> fur and embroidered in gold. Details of all these presents "given by Vytautas's wife" were recorded in a 15th-century chronicle by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eberhard_Windeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eberhard Windeck (page does not exist)">Eberhard Windeck</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_Windeck" class="extiw" title="de:Eberhard Windeck">de</a>]</span>, a close associate of Sigismund of Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-wider_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wider-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_(wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great),_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png/220px-Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png/330px-Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png/440px-Seal_of_Ona_Vytautien%C4%97_%28wife_of_Vytautas_the_Great%29%2C_made_in_the_14th_century_or_early_15th_century.png 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>Personal royal seal of Anna</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1400, Anna visited the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_of_Montau" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy of Montau">Dorothy of Montau</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kwidzyn" title="Kwidzyn">Marienwerder</a> (modern Kwidzyn), and prayed in the churches of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne" title="Saint Anne">Saint Anne</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ushakovo,_Kaliningrad_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Ushakovo, Kaliningrad Oblast">Brandenburg</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Barbara" title="Saint Barbara">Saint Barbara</a> in Oldenburg.<sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was accompanied by her brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_K%C4%99stutaitis" title="Sigismund Kęstutaitis">Sigismund Kęstutaitis</a> and an escort of 400 men.<sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anna was greeted with expensive gifts and lavish receptions.<sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anna continued to maintain good relationship with the Teutonic Knights, who sent her expensive gifts, including a <a href="/wiki/Clavichord" title="Clavichord">clavichord</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portative_organ" title="Portative organ">portative organ</a> in 1408 and rare wine in 1416.<sup id="cite_ref-ignas68_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas68-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After her death, all churches in <a href="/wiki/Prussia_(region)" title="Prussia (region)">Prussia</a> were ordered to hold <a href="/wiki/Requiem_mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Requiem mass">requiem masses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various chronicles and documents recorded much less positive interaction between Anna and Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-ignas68_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas68-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is believed that St. Anne's Church, built in <a href="/wiki/Vilnius_Castle_Complex" title="Vilnius Castle Complex">Vilnius Lower Castle</a> before 1390, was so named in Anna's honor.<sup id="cite_ref-urbant_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urbant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later known as St. Barbara's Church but did not survive to the present.<sup id="cite_ref-kviklys_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kviklys-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flemish traveler <a href="/wiki/Guillebert_de_Lannoy" title="Guillebert de Lannoy">Guillebert de Lannoy</a> wrote favorably about the Grand Duchess.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After her death in 1418, Vytautas wanted to marry her niece <a href="/wiki/Uliana_Olshanska" title="Uliana Olshanska">Uliana Olshanska</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Olshanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Olshanski">Ivan Olshanski</a>. Polish historian <a href="/wiki/Jan_D%C5%82ugosz" title="Jan Długosz">Jan Długosz</a> asserts that Ivan of <a href="/wiki/Karachev" title="Karachev">Karachev</a>, first husband of Uliana, was murdered by Vytautas in order to marry her.<sup id="cite_ref-rowell_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rowell-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Vilnius" title="Bishop of Vilnius">Bishop of Vilnius</a> refused the ceremony due to their close relationship (Vytautas was Uliana's uncle-in-law) and demanded they seek approval from the pope. Eventually the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_W%C5%82oc%C5%82awek" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Włocławek">Bishop of Włocławek</a> performed the ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-urban_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ignas68_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas68-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin">Origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is considerable debate about who the parents of Anna were. According to the <a href="/wiki/Bychowiec_Chronicle" title="Bychowiec Chronicle">Bychowiec Chronicle</a>, a late and unreliable source, Anna was a sister of <a href="/wiki/Yuri_of_Smolensk" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuri of Smolensk">Yuri Svyatoslavich</a>, the last sovereign ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Smolensk" title="Principality of Smolensk">Principality of Smolensk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Хроника_Быховца_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Хроника_Быховца-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ignas_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For a long time this was the only theory about her origins. </p><p>In 1933, Lithuanian historian <a href="/wiki/Ignas_Jonynas" title="Ignas Jonynas">Ignas Jonynas</a> published a study in which he attempted to debunk the Bychowiec Chronicle and demonstrate that Anna was not an Orthodox duchess from Slavic lands, but a daughter of a local <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_nobility" title="Lithuanian nobility">Lithuanian noble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ignas_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jonynas pointed out that no other contemporary source mentions the relationship between Vytautas and Yuri even though Lithuania and Smolensk were at war several times. The First <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Chronicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Chronicle">Lithuanian Chronicle</a>, the basis for which was written while Vytautas was still alive, describes how wars against Smolensk were waged in 1386, 1395, 1401, and 1404, but mentions nothing about Vytautas and Yuri being in-laws.<sup id="cite_ref-ignas_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jonynas argued that Anna was a sister of Sudimantas,<sup id="cite_ref-ignas59_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ignas59-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a nobleman from <a href="/wiki/Ei%C5%A1i%C5%A1k%C4%97s" title="Eišiškės">Eišiškės</a> and commander of Vytautas' army.<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teutonic Chronicle mentions Sudimantas as <span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">swoger</i></span> of Vytautas.<sup id="cite_ref-did_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-did-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time <span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">swoger</i></span> meant <i>brother-in-law</i>. Another document from 1416 refers to Sudimantas as <span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">magen</i></span>, which denoted a relative, usually related by blood.<sup id="cite_ref-did_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-did-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Jonynas' study, Sudimantas has been variously presented as Anna's brother,<sup id="cite_ref-el_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-el-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> father,<sup id="cite_ref-vald_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vald-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or sister's husband.<sup id="cite_ref-rowell_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rowell-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his 1995 article, Polish historian Jan Tęgowski disagreed with Jonynas and argued that the Bychowiec Chronicle was correct. He argued that Sudimantas was married to a sister of Anna.<sup id="cite_ref-teg_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-teg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tęgowski's main argument that Anna was from Smolensk rested on two documents from 1413 that mention a "Russian duke Basil" as Vytautas's brother-in-law. Tęgowski identified this Basil as a son of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav_IV_of_Smolensk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sviatoslav IV of Smolensk (page does not exist)">Sviatoslav IV of Smolensk</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Святослав Иванович">ru</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-baran_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baran-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lithuanian historian Inga Baranauskienė refuted this identification since the only known Basil from Smolensk was a son of Ivan, Sviatoslav's brother. She also analyzed the overall relationship between Smolensk and Lithuania noting it was mostly adversary. Further, she noted that Anna had two sisters who were married to local Lithuanian nobles which would be virtually impossible if they were daughters of the Prince of Smolensk.<sup id="cite_ref-baran_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baran-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sisters">Sisters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sisters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flemish traveler <a href="/wiki/Guillebert_de_Lannoy" title="Guillebert de Lannoy">Guillebert de Lannoy</a> mentioned that he was received by two sisters of Anna when he visited <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> in 1413.<sup id="cite_ref-baran_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baran-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 1390 complaint written by Vytautas against cousins <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skirgaila" title="Skirgaila">Skirgaila</a> mentioned that his wife's sister was married to his close associate <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Olshanski" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Olshanski">Ivan Olshanski</a>. A memorial book from a monastery in <a href="/wiki/Liubech" title="Liubech">Liubech</a> recorded her name as Agrippina (these books recorded names of the deceased so that they could be remembered in prayers). Ivan and Agrippina had at least four sons and a daughter (<a href="/wiki/Uliana_Olshanska" title="Uliana Olshanska">Uliana Olshanska</a> who married Vytautas after Anna's death).<sup id="cite_ref-baran_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baran-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another sister of Anna was mentioned by historian <a href="/wiki/Jan_D%C5%82ugosz" title="Jan Długosz">Jan Długosz</a> (1415–1480). He recorded that Julijona, sister of Anna, was married to Narimantas who was murdered by Vytautas during an attack on Vilnius in 1390; Julijona later married <a href="/wiki/Albertas_Manvydas" title="Albertas Manvydas">Albertas Manvydas</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Voivode_of_Vilnius" title="Voivode of Vilnius">Voivode of Vilnius</a>. The Latin version of the 1390 complaint by Vytautas recorded a different version – before her marriage to Albertas Manvydas, she was married to Butrimas, a cousin of Vytautas, who was murdered in retribution for the hanging of <a href="/wiki/Vaidila" title="Vaidila">Vaidila</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-baran_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baran-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna,_Grand_Duchess_of_Lithuania&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-vald-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vald_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVytautas_Spečiūnas2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vytautas Spečiūnas, ed. (2004). "Ona". <i>Lietuvos valdovai (XIII-XVIII a.): enciklopedinis žinynas</i> (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. p. 88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-420-01535-8" title="Special:BookSources/5-420-01535-8"><bdi>5-420-01535-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ona&rft.btitle=Lietuvos+valdovai+%28XIII-XVIII+a.%29%3A+enciklopedinis+%C5%BEinynas&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Mokslo+ir+enciklopedij%C5%B3+leidybos+institutas&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=5-420-01535-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-teg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-teg_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-teg_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTęgowski1995" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tęgowski, Jan (1995). "Małżeństwa księcia Witolda Kiejstutowicza". <i>Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Heraldycznego Heraldycznego</i> (in Polish). <b>2</b> (13): 177–182. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1230-803X">1230-803X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocznik+Polskiego+Towarzystwa+Heraldycznego+Heraldycznego&rft.atitle=Ma%C5%82%C5%BCe%C5%84stwa+ksi%C4%99cia+Witolda+Kiejstutowicza&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=177-182&rft.date=1995&rft.issn=1230-803X&rft.aulast=T%C4%99gowski&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-el-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-el_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSužiedėlis1970–1978" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Sužiedėlis, Simas, ed. (1970–1978). "Anne". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Lituanica" title="Encyclopedia Lituanica">Encyclopedia Lituanica</a></i>. Vol. I. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. pp. 102–103. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/74-114275">74-114275</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anne&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Lituanica&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=102-103&rft.pub=Juozas+Kapo%C4%8Dius&rft.date=1970%2F1978&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F74-114275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ignasp-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ignasp_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignasp_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignasp_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonynas1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jonynas, Ignas (1984) [1932]. "Vytauto šeimyna". <i>Istorijos baruose</i> (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mokslas. pp. 35–38. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/84212910">84212910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vytauto+%C5%A1eimyna&rft.btitle=Istorijos+baruose&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=35-38&rft.pub=Mokslas&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F84212910&rft.aulast=Jonynas&rft.aufirst=Ignas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turnbull-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turnbull_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurnbullRichard_Hook2003" class="citation book cs1">Turnbull, Stephen R; Richard Hook (2003-05-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GH_u9mKEL6oC&pg=PA15"><i>Tannenberg 1410: Disaster for the Teutonic Knights</i></a>. Osprey Publishing. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-561-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-561-9"><bdi>1-84176-561-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tannenberg+1410%3A+Disaster+for+the+Teutonic+Knights&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2003-05-20&rft.isbn=1-84176-561-9&rft.aulast=Turnbull&rft.aufirst=Stephen+R&rft.au=Richard+Hook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGH_u9mKEL6oC%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urbant-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-urbant_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urbant_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban2006" class="citation book cs1">Urban, William (2006). <i>Samogitian Crusade</i>. Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 204–205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-929700-56-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-929700-56-2"><bdi>0-929700-56-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samogitian+Crusade&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=204-205&rft.pub=Lithuanian+Research+and+Studies+Center&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-929700-56-2&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wider-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wider_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkorka2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Skorka, Renáta (2008). <i>Eberhard Windecke emlékirata Zsigmond királyról és koráról</i> (in Hungarian). Budapest: MTA Történettudományi Intézete. p. 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789639627222" title="Special:BookSources/9789639627222"><bdi>9789639627222</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eberhard+Windecke+eml%C3%A9kirata+Zsigmond+kir%C3%A1lyr%C3%B3l+%C3%A9s+kor%C3%A1r%C3%B3l&rft.place=Budapest&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=MTA+T%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nettudom%C3%A1nyi+Int%C3%A9zete&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9789639627222&rft.aulast=Skorka&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A1ta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-urban_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban2003" class="citation book cs1">Urban, William (2003). <i>Tannenberg and After</i>. Chicago: Lithuanian Research and Studies Center. pp. 88, 262. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-929700-25-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-929700-25-2"><bdi>0-929700-25-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tannenberg+and+After&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=88%2C+262&rft.pub=Lithuanian+Research+and+Studies+Center&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-929700-25-2&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ignas68-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ignas68_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignas68_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignas68_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonynas1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jonynas, Ignas (1984) [1932]. "Vytauto šeimyna". <i>Istorijos baruose</i> (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mokslas. pp. 68–71. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/84212910">84212910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vytauto+%C5%A1eimyna&rft.btitle=Istorijos+baruose&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=68-71&rft.pub=Mokslas&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F84212910&rft.aulast=Jonynas&rft.aufirst=Ignas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kviklys-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kviklys_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKviklys1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kviklys, Bronius (1985). <i>Vilniaus arkivyskupija I dalis</i>. Lietuvos bažnyčios (in Lithuanian). Vol. 5. Chicago: Lithuanian Library Press. p. 399. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-932042-54-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-932042-54-6"><bdi>0-932042-54-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vilniaus+arkivyskupija+I+dalis&rft.place=Chicago&rft.series=Lietuvos+ba%C5%BEny%C4%8Dios&rft.pages=399&rft.pub=Lithuanian+Library+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-932042-54-6&rft.aulast=Kviklys&rft.aufirst=Bronius&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rowell-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rowell_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rowell_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowell1994" class="citation journal cs1">Rowell, S. C. (Spring 1994). "Pious Princesses or Daughters of Belial: Pagan Lithuanian Dynastic Diplomacy, 1279–1423". <i>Medieval Prosopography</i>. <b>15</b> (1): 33. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0198-9405">0198-9405</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medieval+Prosopography&rft.atitle=Pious+Princesses+or+Daughters+of+Belial%3A+Pagan+Lithuanian+Dynastic+Diplomacy%2C+1279%E2%80%931423&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1994&rft.issn=0198-9405&rft.aulast=Rowell&rft.aufirst=S.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Хроника_Быховца-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Хроника_Быховца_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUłaščyk1966" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ułaščyk, Mikałaj, ed. (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus/Bychovec/frametext2.htm"><bdi lang="ru">Хроника Быховца</bdi></a> (in Russian). Moscow: Наука. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2920071">2920071</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%86%D0%B0&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2920071&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vostlit.info%2FTexts%2Frus%2FBychovec%2Fframetext2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ignas-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ignas_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignas_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ignas_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonynas1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jonynas, Ignas (1984) [1932]. "Vytauto šeimyna". <i>Istorijos baruose</i> (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mokslas. pp. 51–54. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/84212910">84212910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vytauto+%C5%A1eimyna&rft.btitle=Istorijos+baruose&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=51-54&rft.pub=Mokslas&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F84212910&rft.aulast=Jonynas&rft.aufirst=Ignas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ignas59-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ignas59_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonynas1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jonynas, Ignas (1984) [1932]. "Vytauto šeimyna". <i>Istorijos baruose</i> (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mokslas. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/84212910">84212910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vytauto+%C5%A1eimyna&rft.btitle=Istorijos+baruose&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Mokslas&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F84212910&rft.aulast=Jonynas&rft.aufirst=Ignas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-did-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-did_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-did_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetrauskas2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Petrauskas, Rimvydas (2003). <i>Lietuvos diduomenė XIV a. pabaigoje – XV a.</i> (in Lithuanian). Aidai. p. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9955-445-67-X" title="Special:BookSources/9955-445-67-X"><bdi>9955-445-67-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lietuvos+diduomen%C4%97+XIV+a.+pabaigoje+%E2%80%93+XV+a.&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Aidai&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9955-445-67-X&rft.aulast=Petrauskas&rft.aufirst=Rimvydas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnna%2C+Grand+Duchess+of+Lithuania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baran-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baran_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baran_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baran_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baran_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baran_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaranauskienė2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Baranauskienė, Inga (February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lmka.lt/onos-vytautienes-kilme-ir-gimine/">"Onos Vytautienės kilmė ir giminė"</a>. <i>Kultūros barai</i> (in Lithuanian). <b>2</b>: 64–73. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0134-3106">0134-3106</a>.</cite><span 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