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cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/7-25.htm" title="Exodus 7:25">◄</a> Exodus 8:1 <a href="/exodus/8-2.htm" title="Exodus 8:2">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/exodus/8.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/exodus/8.htm">New International Version</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, &#8220Go to Pharaoh and say to him, &#8216This is what the LORD says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me. <a href="/nlt/exodus/8.htm">New Living Translation</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go back to Pharaoh and announce to him, ‘This is what the LORD says: Let my people go, so they can worship me. <a href="/esv/exodus/8.htm">English Standard Version</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD, “Let my people go, that they may serve me. <a href="/bsb/exodus/8.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. <a href="/kjv/exodus/8.htm">King James Bible</a> And the LORD spake unto Moses, Go unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me. <a href="/nkjv/exodus/8.htm">New King James Version</a> And the LORD spoke to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD: “Let My people go, that they may serve Me. <a href="/nasb_/exodus/8.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘This is what the LORD says: “Let My people go, so that they may serve Me. <a href="/nasb/exodus/8.htm">NASB 1995</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, &#8220Go to Pharaoh and say to him, &#8216Thus says the LORD, &#8220Let My people go, that they may serve Me. <a href="/nasb77/exodus/8.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me. <a href="/lsb/exodus/8.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Come to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says Yahweh, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me. <a href="/amp/exodus/8.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD, “Let My people go, so that they may serve Me. <a href="/csb/exodus/8.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and tell him: This is what the LORD says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me. <a href="/hcsb/exodus/8.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, &#8220Go in to Pharaoh and tell him: This is what Yahweh says: Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. <a href="/asv/exodus/8.htm">American Standard Version</a> And Jehovah spake unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith Jehovah, Let my people go, that they may serve me. <a href="/cev/exodus/8.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> he said to Moses: Go to the palace and tell the king of Egypt that I order him to let my people go, so they can worship me. <a href="/erv/exodus/8.htm">English Revised Version</a> And the LORD spake unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me. <a href="/gwt/exodus/8.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, and tell him, 'This is what the LORD says: Let my people go to worship me. <a href="/gnt/exodus/8.htm">Good News Translation</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to the king and tell him that the LORD says, 'Let my people go, so that they can worship me. <a href="/isv/exodus/8.htm">International Standard Version</a> he told Moses, "Go to Pharaoh and tell him, 'This is what the LORD says: "Let my people go so they may serve me. <a href="/msb/exodus/8.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, ?Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD says: ?Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. <a href="/net/exodus/8.htm">NET Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh and tell him, 'Thus says the LORD: "Release my people in order that they may serve me! <a href="/nheb/exodus/8.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> The LORD spoke to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh, and tell him, "This is what the LORD says, 'Let my people go, that they may serve me. <a href="/wbt/exodus/8.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And the LORD spoke to Moses, Go to Pharaoh, and say to him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go that they may serve me. <a href="/web/exodus/8.htm">World English Bible</a> Yahweh spoke to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, and tell him, ‘This is what Yahweh says, “Let my people go, that they may serve me. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/exodus/8.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And YHWH says to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, and you have said to him, Thus said YHWH: Send My people away, and they serve Me; <a href="/ylt/exodus/8.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'Go in unto Pharaoh: and thou hast said unto him, Thus said Jehovah, Send My people away, and they serve Me; <a href="/slt/exodus/8.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> <RF q=*>The original Julia E. Smith Bible records the following as a verse reference for <a href=#>Exodus 7:26</a><Rf>And Jehovah will say to Moses, Go to Pharaoh and say to him, So said Jehovah, Send forth my people, and they shall serve me.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/exodus/8.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao, and thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Let my people go to sacrifice to me. <a href="/cpdv/exodus/8.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> The Lord also said to Moses: “Enter to Pharaoh, and you will say to him: ‘Thus says the Lord: Release my people in order to sacrifice to me. <a href="/nabre/exodus/8.htm">New American Bible</a> Then the LORD said to Moses: Go to Pharaoh and tell him: Thus says the LORD: Let my people go to serve me. <a href="/nrsvce/exodus/8.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the LORD: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/exodus/8.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> THEN the LORD said to Moses. Go to Pharaoh and say to him. Thus says the LORD, Let my people go that they may serve me. <a href="/hpbt/exodus/8.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And LORD JEHOVAH said to Moshe, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, thus says LORD JEHOVAH: ‘Send out my people and they will serve me.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/exodus/8.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And the LORD spoke unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh, and say unto him: Thus saith the LORD: Let My people go, that they may serve Me. <a href="/sep/exodus/8.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And the Lord said to Moses, Go in to Pharao, and thou shalt say to him, These things says the Lord: send forth my people, that they may serve me. <a href="/parallel/exodus/8-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=1626" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/exodus/8.htm">The Second Plague: Frogs</a> 1<a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">Then the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">said</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/4872.htm" title="4872: mō·šeh (N-proper-ms) -- A great Isr. leader, prophet and lawgiver. From mashah; drawing out, i.e. Rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver.">Moses,</a> <a href="/hebrew/935.htm" title="935: bō (V-Qal-Imp-ms) -- To come in, come, go in, go. A primitive root; to go or come.">“Go</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: wə·’ā·mar·tā (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-2ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">and tell him that</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’ê·lāw (Prep:: 3ms) -- To, into, towards. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/3541.htm" title="3541: kōh (Adv) -- Thus, here. From the prefix k and huw'; properly, like this, i.e. By implication, thus; also here; or now.">this is what</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: ’ā·mar (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">says:</a> <a href="/hebrew/5971.htm" title="5971: ‘am·mî (N-msc:: 1cs) -- From amam; a people; specifically, a tribe; hence troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock.">‘Let My people</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: šal·laḥ (V-Piel-Imp-ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">go,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5647.htm" title="5647: wə·ya·‘aḇ·ḏu·nî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjImperf-3mp:: 1cs) -- To work, serve. A primitive root; to work; by implication, to serve, till, enslave, etc.">so that they may worship Me.</a> 2But if you refuse to let them go, I will plague your whole country with frogs.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/exodus/5-1.htm">Exodus 5:1</a> After that, Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness.’” <a href="/exodus/7-16.htm">Exodus 7:16</a> Then say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let My people go, so that they may worship Me in the wilderness. But until now you have not listened. <a href="/exodus/9-1.htm">Exodus 9:1</a> Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and tell him that this is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. <a href="/exodus/10-3.htm">Exodus 10:3</a> So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. <a href="/exodus/3-18.htm">Exodus 3:18</a> The elders of Israel will listen to what you say, and you must go with them to the king of Egypt and tell him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us take a three-day journey into the wilderness, so that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.’ <a href="/exodus/4-22.htm">Exodus 4:22-23</a> Then tell Pharaoh that this is what the LORD says: ‘Israel is My firstborn son, / and I told you to let My son go so that he may worship Me. But since you have refused to let him go, behold, I will kill your firstborn son!’” <a href="/exodus/6-11.htm">Exodus 6:11</a> “Go and tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the Israelites go out of his land.” <a href="/exodus/12-31.htm">Exodus 12:31-32</a> Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Get up, leave my people, both you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested. / Take your flocks and herds as well, just as you have said, and depart! And bless me also.” <a href="/exodus/14-17.htm">Exodus 14:17</a> And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them. Then I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army and chariots and horsemen. <a href="/exodus/19-5.htm">Exodus 19:5-6</a> Now if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, you will be My treasured possession out of all the nations—for the whole earth is Mine. / And unto Me you shall be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you are to speak to the Israelites.” <a href="/leviticus/26-13.htm">Leviticus 26:13</a> I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt so that you would no longer be slaves to the Egyptians. I broke the bars of your yoke and enabled you to walk in uprightness. <a href="/deuteronomy/6-12.htm">Deuteronomy 6:12</a> be careful not to forget the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery. <a href="/deuteronomy/7-8.htm">Deuteronomy 7:8</a> But because the LORD loved you and kept the oath He swore to your fathers, He brought you out with a mighty hand and redeemed you from the house of slavery, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt. <a href="/deuteronomy/26-8.htm">Deuteronomy 26:8</a> Then the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, with great terror, signs, and wonders. <a href="/psalms/81-10.htm">Psalm 81:10</a> I am the LORD your God, who brought you up out of Egypt. Open wide your mouth, and I will fill it.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And the LORD spoke to Moses, Go to Pharaoh, and say to him, Thus said the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me.go<a href="/jeremiah/1-17.htm">Jeremiah 1:17-19</a> Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed at their faces, lest I confound thee before them… <a href="/jeremiah/15-19.htm">Jeremiah 15:19-21</a> Therefore thus saith the LORD, If thou return, then will I bring thee again, and thou shalt stand before me: and if thou take forth the precious from the vile, thou shalt be as my mouth: let them return unto thee; but return not thou unto them… <a href="/ezekiel/2-6.htm">Ezekiel 2:6,7</a> And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house… let my<a href="/exodus/3-12.htm">Exodus 3:12,18</a> And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain… <a href="/exodus/5-1.htm">Exodus 5:1</a> And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold a feast unto me in the wilderness.<a href="/exodus/7-16.htm">Exodus 7:16</a> And thou shalt say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness: and, behold, hitherto thou wouldest not hear.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/7-22.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/exodus/7-23.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/7-16.htm">Serve</a> <a href="/exodus/7-16.htm">Worship</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/8-5.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/exodus/8-8.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/8-20.htm">Serve</a> <a href="/exodus/8-26.htm">Worship</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 8</div>1. <a href="/exodus/8-1.htm">Frogs are sent</a> 8. <a href="/exodus/8-8.htm">Pharaoh complains to Moses, who by prayer removes them</a> 16. <a href="/exodus/8-16.htm">The dust is turned into lice, which the magicians could not do</a> 20. <a href="/exodus/8-20.htm">The plague of flies</a> 25. <a href="/exodus/8-25.htm">Pharaoh inclines to let the people go, but yet is hardened</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/8.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/8.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Then the LORD said to Moses This phrase indicates direct divine communication, emphasizing the role of Moses as a prophet and leader chosen by God. It reflects the ongoing relationship between God and Moses, where God provides guidance and instructions. This communication underscores the authority of Moses as God's spokesperson.Go to Pharaoh Moses is commanded to confront Pharaoh, the ruler of Egypt, highlighting the boldness required to stand before a powerful monarch. This reflects the historical context of Egypt as a dominant empire and Pharaoh as a figure of immense authority. The confrontation between Moses and Pharaoh is central to the narrative of the Exodus.and tell him that this is what the LORD says This phrase establishes the divine authority behind Moses' message. It is not Moses' own words but a direct command from God. This reinforces the concept of prophetic authority, where prophets speak on behalf of God. It also sets the stage for the conflict between God's will and Pharaoh's resistance.‘Let My people go This command is central to the Exodus narrative, representing God's demand for the liberation of the Israelites from slavery. It highlights the theme of deliverance and freedom, which is a recurring motif throughout the Bible. The phrase also foreshadows the eventual liberation and journey to the Promised Land.so that they may worship Me The purpose of the Israelites' release is not merely freedom but to serve and worship God. This underscores the importance of worship and obedience to God as the ultimate goal of liberation. It connects to the broader biblical theme of covenant, where God's people are called to worship and serve Him. This phrase also prefigures the New Testament understanding of worship in spirit and truth.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD (Yahweh)</a> The covenant God of Israel, who is orchestrating the deliverance of His people from Egyptian bondage. 2. <a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a> The chosen leader and prophet of Israel, tasked with delivering God's message to Pharaoh. 3. <a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a> The ruler of Egypt, whose heart is hardened against releasing the Israelites. 4. <a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a> The land where the Israelites are enslaved, representing oppression and idolatry. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a> God's chosen people, enslaved in Egypt, longing for freedom to worship Yahweh.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_deliverance.htm">God's Sovereignty in Deliverance</a> God initiates the deliverance of His people, demonstrating His power and authority over earthly rulers. <a href="/topical/p/purpose_of_freedom.htm">Purpose of Freedom</a> The primary purpose of Israel's freedom is to worship God, reminding us that our freedom in Christ is for His glory. <a href="/topical/o/obedience_to_god's_command.htm">Obedience to God's Command</a> Moses' role emphasizes the importance of obedience to God's commands, even in the face of opposition. <a href="/topical/w/worship_as_a_central_theme.htm">Worship as a Central Theme</a> Worship is central to our relationship with God, and our lives should reflect a commitment to worship Him in all we do. <a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_to_his_promises.htm">God's Faithfulness to His Promises</a> God's command to Pharaoh is a step in fulfilling His promise to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, showing His faithfulness across generations.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_8.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 8</a> <a href="/q/what_evidence_supports_the_ten_plagues.htm">What evidence supports the occurrence of the Ten Plagues?</a> <a href="/q/why_does_god_allow_evil_leaders.htm">Why does God permit evil and sinful leaders?</a> <a href="/q/if_god_hardened_pharaoh's_heart,_is_he_guilty.htm">(Exodus 11:9–10) If Pharaoh’s heart was divinely hardened, how is he personally culpable for resisting the requests to free the Israelites? </a> <a href="/q/what_did_moses_mean_by_'let_my_people_go'.htm">What did Moses mean by "Let my people go"?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/8.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>VIII.THE SECOND PLAGUE.(1-4) It is generally allowed that the second plague was one of frogs. All the ancient versions agree in the interpretation; and the only rival rendering--"crocodiles"--is too absurd to be argued against. We may take it, therefore, as certain that the second infliction upon Egypt was an innumerable multitude of frogs, which came up out of the river, and infested the cities, the houses, the sleeping apartments, the beds, the ovens, and the kneading troughs. There was no escaping them. They entered the royal palace no less than the peasant's cottage; they penetrated to the inner chambers; they leaped upon the couches and beds; they polluted the baking utensils, and defiled the water and the food. Here, again, the infliction was double. (1) Frogs were sacred animals to the Egyptians, who regarded them as symbols of procreative power, and associated them especially with the goddess Heka (a wife of Kneph, or up), whom they represented as frog-headed. Sacred animals might not be intentionally killed; and even their involuntary slaughter was not unfrequently punished with death. To be plagued with a multitude of reptiles which might not be put to death, yet on which it was scarcely possible not to tread, and which, whenever a door was opened were crushed, was a severe trial to the religious feelings of the people, and tended to bring the religion itself into contempt. (2) The visitation was horrible to the senses--nauseous, disgusting. The frogs were hideous to the eye, grating to the ear, repulsive to the touch. Their constant presence everywhere rendered them a continual torment. If other later plagues were more injurious, the plague of frogs was perhaps of all the most loathsome. We read without surprise in Eustathius (Comment. in Hom. II., p. 35) that the people of Pseonia and Dardania on one occasion, were so plagued by a multitude of frogs, which filled the houses and the streets, infected the water, invaded the cooking utensils, and made all the food uneatable, that after a time, being unable to bear the pest any longer, they "fled from that region altogether."(1) Let my people go.--The usual demand, which it was determined to reiterate until Pharaoh yielded. (See <a href="/exodus/5-1.htm" title="And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus said the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold a feast to me in the wilderness.">Exodus 5:1</a>; <a href="/exodus/7-16.htm" title="And you shall say to him, The LORD God of the Hebrews has sent me to you, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness: and, behold, till now you would not hear.">Exodus 7:16</a>; <a href="/exodus/8-20.htm" title="And the LORD said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; see, he comes forth to the water; and say to him, Thus said the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me.">Exodus 8:20</a>; <a href="/context/exodus/9-1.htm" title="Then the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh, and tell him, Thus said the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.">Exodus 9:1-13</a>; <a href="/exodus/10-3.htm" title="And Moses and Aaron came in to Pharaoh, and said to him, Thus said the LORD God of the Hebrews, How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? let my people go, that they may serve me.">Exodus 10:3</a>.) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/8.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 1-7. - THE SECOND PLAGUE. After an interval which there are no means of estimating, the second plague followed the first. Again, while the main purpose of the plague was to punish the nation by which Israel had been so long oppressed, the secondary object of throwing contempt upon their, religion was main-rained. Frogs were among the Egyptian sacred animals. One of their deities, Heka, was a frog-headed goddess; and they seem to have regarded the frog as a sacred emblem of creative power. The great multiplication of frogs, whereby they became an annoyance and a curse, was a trial and strain to the entire Egyptian religious system. The Egyptians might not kill them; yet they destroyed all their comfort, all their happiness. Their animal-worship was thus proved absurd and ridiculous. They were obliged to respect the creatures which they hated - to preserve the animals they would fain have swept from the face of the earth. It is perhaps somewhat difficult for modern Europeans to imagine the plague that frogs might be. The peculiar kind, which has the scientific name of Rana Mosaica, resembles our toad, and is a disgusting object, which crawls rather than leaps, and croaks perpetually. To have the whole country filled with these disgusting reptiles, to be unable to walk in the streets without treading on them, to find them not only occupying one's doorstep but in possession of one's house, in one's bed-chamber, and upon one's bed, to hear their dismal croak perpetually, to see nothing but their loathsome forms whithersoever one looked, to be in perpetual contact with them and feel the repulsion of their cold, rough, clammy skin, would be perhaps as severe a punishment as can well be conceived. Nations are known to have deserted their homes, and fled to a foreign land to escape from it. "In Paeonia and Dardania,"says Phoenias, a disciple of Aristotle, "there appeared once suddenly such a number of frogs, that they filled the houses and the streets. Therefore - as killing them, or shutting the doors, was of no avail; as even the vessels were full of them, the water infected, and all food uneatable; as they could scarcely set their foot upon the ground without treading on heaps of them, and as they were vexed by the smell of the great numbers which died - they fled from that region altogether"(Eustath. ad Horn. Il. 1 p. 35). In Egypt, the young frogs come out of the waters in the month of September, when the inundation is beginning to subside. Even now they sometimes amount to a severe visitation. Verse 1. - Go unto Pharaoh. The second plague is given simply as a plague, not as a sign. It is first threatened (ver. 2), and then accomplished (ver. 6), an interval being allowed, that Pharaoh might change his mind, and escape the plague, if he chose. <a href="/commentaries/exodus/8-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Then the LORD יְהוָה֙ (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel said וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (way·yō·mer) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to Moses, מֹשֶׁ֔ה (mō·šeh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4872.htm">Strong's 4872: </a> Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver “Go בֹּ֖א (bō) Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_935.htm">Strong's 935: </a> To come in, come, go in, go to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֑ה (par·‘ōh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings and tell him that וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ (wə·’ā·mar·tā) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say this is what כֹּ֚ה (kōh) Adverb <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3541.htm">Strong's 3541: </a> Like this, thus, here, now the LORD יְהוָ֔ה (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel says: אָמַ֣ר (’ā·mar) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say ‘Let My people עַמִּ֖י (‘am·mî) Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5971.htm">Strong's 5971: </a> A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock go, שַׁלַּ֥ח (šal·laḥ) Verb - Piel - Imperative - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> To send away, for, out so that they may worship Me. וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ (wə·ya·‘aḇ·ḏu·nî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural | first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5647.htm">Strong's 5647: </a> To work, to serve, till, enslave <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/exodus/8-1.htm">Exodus 8:1 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/exodus/8-1.htm">OT Law: Exodus 8:1 Yahweh spoke to Moses Go (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/7-25.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 7:25"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 7:25" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/8-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 8:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 8:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>