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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=OpenStreetMap" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=OpenStreetMap" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Data structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Coverage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-License" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#License"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 License </div> </a> <ul id="toc-License-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Distribution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mapmaking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mapmaking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Mapmaking </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mapmaking-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Mapmaking subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Mapmaking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Data_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Data sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Surveys_and_personal_knowledge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surveys_and_personal_knowledge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Surveys and personal knowledge </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surveys_and_personal_knowledge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite/Aerial_images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite/Aerial_images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Satellite/Aerial images </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite/Aerial_images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Street-level_image_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street-level_image_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.3 Street-level image data </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street-level_image_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.4 Government data </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editing_software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editing_software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Editing software </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editing_software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quality_assurance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quality_assurance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Quality assurance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quality_assurance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Community </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Community-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Community subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commercial_contributors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_contributors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Commercial contributors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_contributors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-governmental_organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-governmental_organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Non-governmental organisations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-governmental_organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conferences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conferences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Conferences </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conferences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Operation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Software development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Software_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Uses </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Uses subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cartography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cartography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Cartography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cartography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geolocation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geolocation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Geolocation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geolocation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geospatial_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geospatial_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Geospatial analysis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geospatial_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Navigation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Humanitarian_aid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Humanitarian_aid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Humanitarian aid </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Humanitarian_aid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Gaming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Recognition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">OpenStreetMap</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 81 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" > 81 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%A9" title="خريطة الشارع المفتوحة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خريطة الشارع المفتوحة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="ওপেনস্ট্রিটম্যাপ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওপেনস্ট্রিটম্যাপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AA" title="ओपनस्ट्रीटमैप – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ओपनस्ट्रीटमैप" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Оупън Стрийт Мап – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Оупън Стрийт Мап" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Street_Map" title="Open Street Map – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Open Street Map" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D9%BE" title="اوپن‌استریت‌مپ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوپن‌استریت‌مپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%94%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%B5" title="오픈스트리트맵 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오픈스트리트맵" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D" title="ಒಪನ್ ಸ್ಟ್ರೀಟ್ ಮ್ಯಾಪ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಪನ್ ಸ್ಟ್ರೀಟ್ ಮ್ಯಾಪ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/la_opyn,strit,map" title="la opyn,strit,map – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="la opyn,strit,map" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ഓപ്പൺസ്ട്രീറ്റ്മാപ്പ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓപ്പൺസ്ട്രീറ്റ്മാപ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="ओपन स्ट्रिट नक्सा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ओपन स्ट्रिट नक्सा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%83%97" title="オープンストリートマップ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オープンストリートマップ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Street_Map" title="Open Street Map – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Open Street Map" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%95%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A" title="ඕපන් ස්ට්‍රීට් මැප් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඕපන් ස්ට්‍රීට් මැප්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%BE" title="ئۆوپن ستریت ماپ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆوپن ستریت ماپ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="ஓபன்சிரீட்மேப் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓபன்சிரீட்மேப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%93%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D(OSM)" title="ఓపెన్‌స్ట్రీట్‌మేప్(OSM) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఓపెన్‌స్ట్రీట్‌మేప్(OSM)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B" title="โอเพินสตรีตแมป – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โอเพินสตรีตแมป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="اوپن اسٹریٹ میپ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوپن اسٹریٹ میپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="OpenStreetMap" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">OpenStreetMap</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Openstreetmap_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/150px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/225px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/300px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png/240px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png/360px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png/480px-OpenStreetMap_homepage_2020_en.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1800" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">OpenStreetMap homepage, showing the <a href="/wiki/World_map" title="World map">world map</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">96 languages and variants,<a href="#cite_note-github-locales-1">[1]</a> local languages for map data</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Coast" title="Steve Coast">Steve Coast</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Product_(business)" title="Product (business)">Products</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Editable <a href="/wiki/Geographic_data_and_information" title="Geographic data and information">geographic data</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiled_web_map" title="Tiled web map">tiled web map</a> layer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/">www.openstreetmap.org</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Required for contributors, not required for viewing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Registered_user" title="Registered user">Users</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10.6 million<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">9 August 2004; 20 years ago (2004-08-09) <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201738-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Content license</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Open_Database_License" title="Open Database License">Open Database License</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></td></tr></tbody></table> OpenStreetMap (abbreviated OSM) is a website that uses an <a href="/wiki/Open_Database_License" title="Open Database License">open</a> <a href="/wiki/Geographic_database" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic database">geographic database</a> which is updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via <a href="/wiki/Open_collaboration" title="Open collaboration">open collaboration</a>. Contributors collect data from <a href="/wiki/Surveying" title="Surveying">surveys</a>, trace from <a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">aerial photo imagery</a> or <a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite imagery</a>, and also import from other freely licensed <a href="/wiki/Geodata" class="mw-redirect" title="Geodata">geodata</a> sources. OpenStreetMap is <a href="/wiki/Free_content" title="Free content">freely licensed</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Open_Database_License" title="Open Database License">Open Database License</a> and as a result commonly used to make electronic <a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">maps</a>, inform <a href="/wiki/Turn-by-turn_navigation" title="Turn-by-turn navigation">turn-by-turn navigation</a>, assist in <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid" title="Humanitarian aid">humanitarian aid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Data_and_information_visualization" title="Data and information visualization">data visualisation</a>. OpenStreetMap uses its own topology to store <a href="/wiki/Geographical_feature" title="Geographical feature">geographical features</a> which can then be exported into other <a href="/wiki/GIS_file_format" title="GIS file format">GIS file formats</a>. The OpenStreetMap website itself is an <a href="/wiki/Web_mapping" title="Web mapping">online map</a>, geodata <a href="/wiki/Search_engine" title="Search engine">search engine</a> and editor. OpenStreetMap was created by <a href="/wiki/Steve_Coast" title="Steve Coast">Steve Coast</a> in response to the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a>, the United Kingdom's national mapping agency, failing to release its data to the public under free licences in 2004. Initially, maps were created only via <a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS traces</a>, but it was quickly populated by importing <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> geographical data such as the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Topologically_Integrated_Geographic_Encoding_and_Referencing" title="Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing">TIGER</a> and by tracing imagery as permitted by source. OpenStreetMap's adoption was accelerated by <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a>'s introduction of pricing in 2012 and the development of supporting software and applications. The database is hosted by the <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a>, a non-profit organisation registered in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> and is funded mostly[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words">weasel words</a>] via donations. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_(0604).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg/220px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg/330px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg/440px-Steve_Coast_-_OSM_im_Rheinland_%280604%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1339" /></a><figcaption>The founder of OpenStreetMap, Steve Coast, in 2009</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Coast" title="Steve Coast">Steve Coast</a> founded the project in 2004 while at a university in Britain, initially focusing on mapping the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201738-3">[3]</a> In the UK and elsewhere, government-run and tax-funded projects like the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> created massive <a href="/wiki/Data_set" title="Data set">datasets</a> but declined to freely and widely distribute them. The first contribution was a street that Coast entered in December 2004 after cycling around <a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park" title="Regent's Park">Regent's Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> with a <a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS tracking unit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fox_2012_Guardian-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sinton_2016_DirectionsMag-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-first_edit_mail_list_post-6">[6]</a> In April 2006, the <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a> was established to encourage the growth, development and distribution of free <a href="/wiki/Geospatial" class="mw-redirect" title="Geospatial">geospatial</a> data and provide geospatial data for anybody to use and share. In April 2007, <a href="/wiki/Automotive_Navigation_Data" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive Navigation Data">Automotive Navigation Data</a> (AND) donated a complete road data set for the <a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_Netherlands" title="Roads in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trunk_road" title="Trunk road">trunk road</a> data for <a href="/wiki/Roads_in_India" title="Roads in India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roads_in_China" title="Roads in China">China</a> to the project.<a href="#cite_note-ogd-Coast3-7">[7]</a> By July 2007, when the first "The State of the Map" (SotM) conference<a href="#cite_note-sotm-8">[8]</a> was held, there were 9,000 registered users. In October 2007, OpenStreetMap completed the import of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">US Census</a> <a href="/wiki/Topologically_Integrated_Geographic_Encoding_and_Referencing" title="Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing">TIGER</a> road dataset.<a href="#cite_note-linux-9">[9]</a> In December 2007, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford University</a> became the first major organisation to use OpenStreetMap data on their main website.<a href="#cite_note-geothought-10">[10]</a> Ways to import and export data have continued to grow – by 2008, the project developed tools to export OpenStreetMap data to power portable GPS units, replacing their existing proprietary and out-of-date maps.<a href="#cite_note-systemed-11">[11]</a> In March 2008, two founders of CloudMade, a commercial company that uses OpenStreetMap data, announced that they had received <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> funding of €2.4 million.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</a> launched an OSM-based version of <a href="/wiki/MapQuest" title="MapQuest">MapQuest</a> and committed $1 million to increasing OSM's coverage of local communities for its <a href="/wiki/Patch_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patch (website)">Patch</a> website.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In 2012, the launch of pricing for <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> led several prominent websites to switch from their service to OpenStreetMap and other competitors.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Chief among these were Foursquare and <a href="/wiki/Craigslist" title="Craigslist">Craigslist</a>, which adopted OpenStreetMap, and <a href="/wiki/Apple,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Apple, Inc.">Apple</a>, which ended a contract with Google and launched a self-built mapping platform using <a href="/wiki/TomTom" title="TomTom">TomTom</a> and OpenStreetMap data.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Content">edit</a>]</div> The OSM project aims to collect data about stationary objects throughout the world, including <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a> and other aspects of the <a href="/wiki/Built_environment" title="Built environment">built environment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Point_of_interest" title="Point of interest">points of interest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">land use</a> and <a href="/wiki/Land_cover" title="Land cover">land cover</a> classifications, and <a href="/wiki/Topography" title="Topography">topography</a>. Map features range in scale from international boundaries to hyperlocal details such as shops and <a href="/wiki/Street_furniture" title="Street furniture">street furniture</a>. Although historically significant features and ongoing construction projects are routinely included in the database, the project's scope is generally limited to the present day, as opposed to the past or future.<a href="#cite_note-Topf_Ramm_on_the_ground-16">[16]</a> Each feature comes with structured metadata indicating facts such as names, physical characteristics, contact information, and access restrictions. Standards exist for mapping three-dimensional architectural elements and indoor details within buildings, as well as lane-level navigation details. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_structure">Data structure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Data structure">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="see caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png/220px-OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png/330px-OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png/440px-OpenStreetMap_data_primitives_in_iD.png 2x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of OpenStreetMap data primitives (nodes, ways and relations)</figcaption></figure> OSM's <a href="/wiki/Data_model_(GIS)" title="Data model (GIS)">data model</a> differs markedly from that of a conventional GIS or <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">CAD</a> system. It is a <a href="/wiki/Topology" title="Topology">topological</a> <a href="/wiki/Graph_(discrete_mathematics)" title="Graph (discrete mathematics)">data structure</a> without the formal concept of a layer, allowing thematically diverse data to commingle and interconnect. A <a href="/wiki/Geographical_feature" title="Geographical feature">map feature</a> or element is modelled as one of three <a href="/wiki/Geometric_primitive" title="Geometric primitive">geometric primitives</a>:<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETopf20223–6-18">[18]</a> <ul><li>A node is a <a href="/wiki/Point_(geometry)" title="Point (geometry)">point</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic coordinate">geographic coordinate</a> expressed in the <a href="/wiki/WGS_84" class="mw-redirect" title="WGS 84">WGS 84</a> coordinate system. A standalone node represents a point of interest, such as a mountain peak.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201739-19">[19]</a></li> <li>A way is an ordered list of nodes that represents a <a href="/wiki/Polyline" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyline">polyline</a> or <a href="/wiki/Polygon" title="Polygon">polygon</a>, depending on its metadata and whether it forms a closed ring. A way can represent either a linear feature, such as a street or river, or an area, such as a forest, park, parking lot, or lake.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201739-19">[19]</a> Multiple ways can share a node to represent a connection, for instance, a street intersection or a <a href="/wiki/Confluence" title="Confluence">confluence</a> of two rivers. The node itself can simultaneously represent another feature, for example, an entrance that connects a footway to a building. Until 2007, a way was formally composed of explicit <a href="/wiki/Line_segment" title="Line segment">segments</a> between pairs of nodes.</li> <li>A relation is an ordered list of nodes, ways and other relations (together called members). A relation can optionally specify the role of each of its members. Relations form complex geometries or represent abstract relationships among members. Examples include turn restrictions on roads, routes that span several existing ways (for instance, a long-distance motorway), and areas with holes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201739-19">[19]</a> Multiple relations can contain the same member to represent an overlap, for example, a <a href="/wiki/Concurrency_(road)" title="Concurrency (road)">route concurrency</a> or two adjoining political boundaries.</li></ul> OSM manages metadata as a <a href="/wiki/Folksonomy" title="Folksonomy">folksonomy</a>. Each element contains <a href="/wiki/Key-value_pair" class="mw-redirect" title="Key-value pair">key-value pairs</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Tag_(metadata)" title="Tag (metadata)">tags</a>, that identify and describe the feature.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201739-19">[19]</a> A recommended <a href="/wiki/Ontology_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontology (computer science)">ontology</a> of map features (the meaning of tags) is <a href="//wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Map_features" class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:Map features">maintained on a wiki</a>. New tagging schemes can always be proposed by a <a href="//wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Proposal_process" class="extiw" title="openstreetmap:Proposal process">popular vote of a written proposal</a> in OpenStreetMap wiki, however, there is no requirement to follow this process. There are over 89 million different kinds of tags in use as of June 2017.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The OpenStreetMap data primitives are stored and processed in different formats. OpenStreetMap server uses <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a> <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a>, with one <a href="/wiki/Table_(database)" title="Table (database)">table</a> for each data primitive, with individual objects stored as <a href="/wiki/Row_(database)" title="Row (database)">rows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The data structure is defined as part of the OSM API. The current version of the API, v0.6, was released in 2009. A 2023 study found that this version's changes to the relation data structure had the effect of reducing the total number of relations; however, it simultaneously lowered the barrier to creating new relations and spurred the application of relations to new use cases.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coverage">Coverage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Coverage">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (September 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> OpenStreetMap data has been favourably compared with proprietary datasources,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> although as of 2009<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit">[update]</a> data quality varied across the world.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> A study in 2011 compared OSM data with <a href="/wiki/TomTom" title="TomTom">TomTom</a> for Germany. For car navigation TomTom has 9% more information, while for the entire street network, OSM has 27% more information.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 2011, <a href="/wiki/TriMet" title="TriMet">TriMet</a>, which serves the <a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area,_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Portland metropolitan area, Oregon">Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area</a>, found that OSM's street data, consumed through the routing engine <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenTripPlanner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenTripPlanner (page does not exist)">OpenTripPlanner</a> and the search engine <a href="/wiki/Apache_Solr" title="Apache Solr">Apache Solr</a>, yields better results than analogous GIS datasets managed by local government agencies.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> A 2021 study compared the OpenStreetMap Carto style's symbology to that of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>'s comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Topographic_Service_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Topographic Service of the Russian Armed Forces">military mapping programme</a>, finding that OSM matched the Soviet maps in coverage of some features such as road infrastructure but gave less prominence to the natural environment.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> According to a 2024 study using <a href="/wiki/PyPSA" class="mw-redirect" title="PyPSA">PyPSA</a>, OSM has the most detailed and up-to-date publicly available coverage of the European high-voltage electrical grid, comparable to official data from the <a href="/wiki/European_Network_of_Transmission_System_Operators_for_Electricity" title="European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity">European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="License">License</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: License">edit</a>]</div> All data added to the project needs to have a licence compatible with the Open Data Commons <a href="/wiki/Open_Database_License" title="Open Database License">Open Database Licence</a> (ODbL). This can include out-of-copyright information, public domain or other licences. Software used in the production and presentation of OpenStreetMap data may have separate licensing terms. OpenStreetMap data and derived tiles were originally published under the <a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a> Attribution-ShareAlike licence (CC BY-SA) with the intention of promoting free use and redistribution of the data. In September 2012, the licence was changed to the ODbL in order to define its bearing on data rather than representation more specifically.<a href="#cite_note-ogd-Fairhurst-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> As part of this relicensing process, some of the map data was removed from the public distribution. This included all data contributed by members that did not agree to the new licensing terms, as well as all subsequent edits to those affected objects. It also included any data contributed based on input data that was not compatible with the new terms. Estimates suggested that over 97% of data would be retained globally, but certain regions would be affected more than others, such as in Australia where 24 to 84% of objects would be retained, depending on the type of object.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Ultimately, more than 99% of the data was retained, with Australia and Poland being the countries most severely affected by the change.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The license change and resulting deletions prompted a group of dissenting mappers to establish Free Open Street Map (FOSM), a <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">fork</a> of OSM that remained under the previous license.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Map tiles provided by the OpenStreetMap project were licensed under <a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons_license" title="Creative Commons license">CC-BY-SA-2.0</a> until 1 August 2020. The ODbL license requires attribution to be attached to maps produced from OpenStreetMap data, but does not require that any particular license be applied to those maps. "©OpenStreetMap Contributors" with link to ODbL copyright page as attribution requirement is used on the site.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution">Distribution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Distribution">edit</a>]</div> OSM publishes official <a href="/wiki/Database_dump" title="Database dump">database dumps</a> of the entire "planet" for reuse on minutely and weekly intervals, formatted as <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> or binary <a href="/wiki/Protocol_Buffers" title="Protocol Buffers">Protocol Buffers</a>. Alternative third-party distributions provide access to OSM data in other formats or to more manageable subsets of the data. Geofabrik publishes extracts of the database in OSM and <a href="/wiki/Shapefile" title="Shapefile">shapefile</a> formats for individual countries and political subdivisions. <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> publishes the planet on <a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">S3</a> for querying in <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Athena" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Athena">Athena</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> As part of the <a href="/wiki/QLever" title="QLever">QLever</a> project, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">University of Freiburg</a> publishes <a href="/wiki/Turtle_(syntax)" title="Turtle (syntax)">Turtle</a> dumps suitable for <a href="/wiki/Linked_data" title="Linked data">linked data</a> systems.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> From 2020 to 2024, <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a> published the Daylight Map Distribution, which applied <a href="/wiki/Quality_assurance" title="Quality assurance">quality assurance</a> processes and added some external datasets to OSM data to make it more production-ready.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> OSM data also forms a major part of the <a href="/wiki/Overture_Maps_Foundation" title="Overture Maps Foundation">Overture Maps Foundation</a>'s dataset and commercial datasets from <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> and <a href="/wiki/MapTiler" title="MapTiler">MapTiler</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Schröder-Bergen-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mapmaking">Mapmaking</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mapmaking">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_sources">Data sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Data sources">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/220px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/330px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg/440px-Adding_data_to_OSM_after_mapping_Brighton_Pier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="678" /></a><figcaption>Editing with <a href="/wiki/JOSM" title="JOSM">JOSM</a> after a ground survey</figcaption></figure> Map data is collected by ground survey, personal knowledge, digitizing from imagery, and government data. Ground survey data is collected by volunteers traditionally using tools such as a handheld GPS unit, a <a href="/wiki/Notebook" title="Notebook">notebook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital camera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dictation_machine" title="Dictation machine">voice recorder</a>. Software applications on <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a> (mobile devices) have made it easy for anybody to survey. The data is then entered into the OpenStreetMap database using a number of <a href="/wiki/Programming_tool" title="Programming tool">software tools</a> including <a href="/wiki/JOSM" title="JOSM">JOSM</a> and Merkaator.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mapathon" title="Mapathon">Mapathon</a> competition events are also held by local OpenStreetMap teams and by non-profit organisations and local governments to map a particular area. The availability of aerial photography and other data from commercial and government sources has added important sources of data for manual editing and automated imports. Special processes are in place to handle automated imports and avoid legal and technical problems. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Surveys_and_personal_knowledge">Surveys and personal knowledge</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Surveys and personal knowledge">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/220px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/330px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg/440px-Motion_X_GPS_and_OSM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Surveying routes with a <a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation_device" title="Satellite navigation device">satellite navigation device</a></figcaption></figure> Ground surveys are performed by a mapper, <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian" title="Pedestrian">on foot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycle</a>, or in a <a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">car</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle" title="Motorcycle">motorcycle</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Boat" title="Boat">boat</a>. Map data is typically recorded on a <a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS unit</a> or on a smart phone with mapping app; a common file format is <a href="/wiki/GPS_Exchange_Format" title="GPS Exchange Format">GPX</a>. Once the data has been collected, it is entered into the database by uploading it onto the project's website together with appropriate attribute data. As collecting and uploading data may be separated from editing objects, contribution to the project is possible without using a GPS unit, such as by using paper mapping. Similar to users contributing data using a <a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_units" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS tracking units">GPS unit</a>, corporations (e.g. Amazon) with large vehicle fleets may use telemetry data from the vehicles to contribute data to OpenStreetMap.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Some committed contributors adopt the task of mapping whole towns and cities, or organising mapping parties to gather the support of others to complete a map area. A large number of less-active users contributes corrections and small additions to the map.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Satellite/Aerial_images">Satellite/Aerial images</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Satellite/Aerial images">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Maxar_Technologies" title="Maxar Technologies">Maxar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-digitalglobe-43">[43]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bing_(search_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing (search engine)">Bing</a>,<a href="#cite_note-bing-44">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Esri" title="Esri">ESRI</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> are some of the providers of aerial/<a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite</a> imagery which are used as a backdrop for map production. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a> (2006–2011),<a href="#cite_note-ogd-Coast1-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-yahoo-maps-close-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bing_(search_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing (search engine)">Bing</a> (2010 – till date),<a href="#cite_note-bing-44">[44]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maxar_Technologies" title="Maxar Technologies">DigitalGlobe</a> (2017<a href="#cite_note-digitalglobe-43">[43]</a>–2023<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a>) allowed their <a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">aerial photography</a>, satellite imagery to be used as a backdrop for map production. For a period from 2009 to 2011, <a href="/wiki/NearMap" class="mw-redirect" title="NearMap">NearMap Pty Ltd</a> made their high-resolution PhotoMaps (of major Australian cities, plus some rural Australian areas) available under a <a href="/wiki/CC_BY-SA" class="mw-redirect" title="CC BY-SA">CC BY-SA</a> licence.<a href="#cite_note-nearmap-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Street-level_image_data">Street-level image data</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Street-level image data">edit</a>]</div> Data from several street-level image platforms are available as map data photo overlays. <a href="/wiki/Streetside" class="mw-redirect" title="Streetside">Bing Streetside</a> <a href="/wiki/VR_photography" title="VR photography">360° image</a> tracks, and the open and <a href="/wiki/Crowdsourcing" title="Crowdsourcing">crowdsourced</a> <a href="/wiki/Mapillary" title="Mapillary">Mapillary</a> and <a href="/wiki/KartaView" title="KartaView">KartaView</a> platforms provide generally smartphone and <a href="/wiki/Dashcam" title="Dashcam">dashcam</a> images. Additionally, a Mapillary <a href="/wiki/Traffic_sign" title="Traffic sign">traffic sign</a> data layer, a product of user-submitted images is also available.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Government_data">Government data</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Government data">edit</a>]</div> Some government agencies have released official data on appropriate licences. This includes the United States, where works of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> are placed under <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. In the United States, most roads originate from <a href="/wiki/Topologically_Integrated_Geographic_Encoding_and_Referencing" title="Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing">TIGER</a> from the Census Bureau.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <a href="/wiki/Toponymy" title="Toponymy">Geographic names</a> were initially sourced from <a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a>, and some areas contain water features from the <a href="/wiki/National_Hydrography_Dataset" title="National Hydrography Dataset">National Hydrography Dataset</a>. In the UK, some <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> <a href="/wiki/Open_data" title="Open data">OpenData</a> is imported. In Canada <a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Canada" title="Natural Resources Canada">Natural Resources Canada</a>'s CanVec vector data and <a href="/wiki/GeoBase_(geospatial_data)" title="GeoBase (geospatial data)">GeoBase</a> provide landcover and streets.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Globally, OpenStreetMap initially used the prototype global shoreline from <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a>. Due to it being oversimplified and crude, it has been mainly replaced by other government sources or manual tracing.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries%27_copyright_length" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries' copyright length">Out-of-copyright</a> maps can be good sources of information about features that do not change frequently. Copyright periods vary, but in the UK <a href="/wiki/Crown_copyright" title="Crown copyright">Crown copyright</a> expires after 50 years and hence old Ordnance Survey maps can legally be used. A complete set of UK 1 inch/mile maps from the late 1940s and early 1950s has been collected, scanned, and is available online as a resource for contributors.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editing_software">Editing software</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Editing software">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A map with different colored icons on it, currently a quest about a house number" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png/170px-StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png/255px-StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png/340px-StreetComplete_-_House_number_quest.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="2280" /></a><figcaption>StreetComplete asking user a question. User filled in the answer. After tapping "OK" this answer will be added to an OpenStreetMap database.</figcaption></figure> The map data can be edited from a number of editing applications that provide aids including satellite and aerial imagery, street-level imagery, GPS traces, and photo and voice annotations. By default, the official OSM website directs contributors to the Web-based <a href="/wiki/ID_(software)" title="ID (software)">iD</a> editor.<a href="#cite_note-theverge-osm-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a> develops a <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">fork</a> of this editor, Rapid, that provides access to external datasets, including some derived from <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a> detections.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> For complex or large-scale changes, experienced users often turn to more powerful desktop editing applications such as <a href="/wiki/JOSM" title="JOSM">JOSM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Potlatch_(software)" title="Potlatch (software)"> Potlatch</a>. Several mobile applications also edit OSM. Go Map!! and Vespucci are the primary full-featured editors for <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, respectively. <a href="/wiki/StreetComplete" title="StreetComplete">StreetComplete</a> is an Android application designed for laypeople around a guided question-and-answer format. Every Door, <a href="/wiki/Maps.me" title="Maps.me">Maps.me</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organic_Maps" title="Organic Maps">Organic Maps</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OsmAnd" title="OsmAnd">OsmAnd</a> include basic functionality for editing points of interest. Between 2018 and 2023, the top five editing tools by number of edits were JOSM, iD, StreetComplete, Rapid, and Potlatch.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Quality_assurance">Quality assurance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Quality assurance">edit</a>]</div> OSM accepts contributions from the general public. <a href="/wiki/Changeset" title="Changeset">Changesets</a> submitted through editors and the OSM API immediately enter the database and are quickly published for reuse, without going through peer review beforehand. The API only validates changes for basic well-formedness, but not for topological or logical consistency or for adherence to community norms. As a <a href="/wiki/Crowdsourcing" title="Crowdsourcing">crowdsourced</a> project, OSM is susceptible to several forms of data <a href="/wiki/Vandalism" title="Vandalism">vandalism</a>, including copyright infringement, graffiti, and spam.<a href="#cite_note-Ballatore-56">[56]</a> Overall, vandalism accounts for an estimated 0.2% of edits to OSM, which is relatively low compared to <a href="/wiki/Vandalism_on_Wikipedia" title="Vandalism on Wikipedia">vandalism on Wikipedia</a>. Members of the community detect and fix most unintentional errors and vandalism promptly,<a href="#cite_note-Levente-57">[57]</a> by monitoring the slippy map and <a href="/wiki/Changelog" title="Changelog">revision history</a> on the main website, as well as by searching for issues using tools like OSMCha, OSM Inspector, and Osmose. In addition to community vigilance, the <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a>'s Data Working Group and a group of administrators are responsible for responding to vandals.<a href="#cite_note-Ballatore-56">[56]</a> As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit">[update]</a>, a comprehensive security assessment of the OSM data model has yet to take place.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETopf202220-58">[58]</a> There have been several high-profile incidents of vandalism and other errors in OSM: <ul><li>In 2012, contractors affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> were found to be sabotaging OSM's navigation data in major cities around the world. Google responded by dismissing the contractors.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li> <li>In 2018, a vandal renamed <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and some nearby map features to <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitic</a> names. Although the vandalism was quickly expunged, third-party <a href="/wiki/Replication_(computing)" title="Replication (computing)">replication</a> <a href="/wiki/Latency_(engineering)" title="Latency (engineering)">lag</a> caused it to resurface to readers of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, as well as to users of <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a>-powered applications such as <a href="/wiki/Zillow" title="Zillow">Zillow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snapchat" title="Snapchat">Snapchat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Citibike" class="mw-redirect" title="Citibike">Citibike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></li> <li>In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Flight_Simulator_(2020_video_game)" title="Microsoft Flight Simulator (2020 video game)">Microsoft Flight Simulator</a> players discovered an impossibly thin, 212-storey building in a <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> suburb, which was traced to a <a href="/wiki/Typographical_error" title="Typographical error">typographical error</a> that had gone unnoticed in OSM for a year.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-Verge_Warren-62">[62]</a></li> <li>In 2021, Balad, an Iranian developer of OSM-based mobile navigation applications, apologized after the OSM community caught an employee vandalising streets in Iran.<a href="#cite_note-ZoomIT-63">[63]</a></li> <li>In 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a> was misidentified as '<a href="/wiki/Shiv_Mandir" class="mw-disambig" title="Shiv Mandir">Shiv Mandir</a>' for 13 days until contributors from Kerala discovered and fixed it.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li></ul> Players of <a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Go" title="Pokémon Go">Pokémon Go</a> have been known to vandalize OSM, one of the game's map data sources, to manipulate gameplay. However, this vandalism is casual, rarely sustained, and it is predictable based on the mechanics of the game.<a href="#cite_note-Levente-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Community">Community</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Community">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg/220px-Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg/330px-Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg/440px-Guagua_ESSC-OSMPH_Training_field_survey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Field survey in various parts of the <a href="/wiki/Guagua" title="Guagua">Guagua</a> by a group of mappers. They took notes and photos, and recorded GPS tracks. Shown in the photo is the Betis group standing beside one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Bataan_Death_March_victims" title="List of memorials to Bataan Death March victims">Death March trail monuments</a>.</figcaption></figure> The project has a geographically diverse user-base, due to emphasis of local knowledge and "on-the-ground" situation in the process of data collection.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Many early contributors were <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">cyclists</a> who survey with and for bicyclists, charting <a href="/wiki/Bikeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Bikeway">cycleroutes</a> and navigable <a href="/wiki/Trail" title="Trail">trails</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Others are <a href="/wiki/Geographic_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic Information System">GIS</a> professionals. Contributors are predominately men, with only 3–5% being women.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> By August 2008, shortly after the second The State of the Map conference was held, there were over 50,000 registered contributors; by March 2009, there were 100,000 and by the end of 2009 the figure was nearly 200,000. In April 2012, OpenStreetMap cleared 600,000 registered contributors.<a href="#cite_note-osm-wiki-stats-68">[68]</a> On 6 January 2013, OpenStreetMap reached one million registered users.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Around 30% of users have contributed at least one point to the OpenStreetMap database.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> As per a study conducted in 2011, only 38% of members carried out at least one edit and only 5% of members created more than 1000 nodes. Most members are in Europe (72%).<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> According to another study, when a competing maps platform is launched, OSM attracts fewer new contributors and pre-existing contributors increase their level of contribution possibly driven by their ideological attachment to the platform. Overall, there is a negative effect on the quantum of contributions.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_contributors">Commercial contributors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Commercial contributors">edit</a>]</div> Some companies freely license satellite/aerial/street imagery sources from which OpenStreetMap contributors trace roads and features, while other companies make data available for importing map data. <a href="/wiki/Automotive_Navigation_Data" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive Navigation Data">Automotive Navigation Data</a> (AND) provided a complete road data set for Netherlands and trunk roads data for China and India. <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Logistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Logistics">Amazon Logistics</a> uses OpenStreetMap for navigation and has a team which revises the map based on GPS traces and feedback from its drivers.<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_2021-74">[74]</a> In eight Southeast Asian countries, <a href="/wiki/Grab_Holdings" title="Grab Holdings">Grab</a> has contributed more than 800,000 kilometres (500,000 mi) of roads based on drivers' GPS traces, including many narrow alleyways that are missing from other mapping platforms.<a href="#cite_note-ROW_Anindya-75">[75]</a> <a href="/wiki/ECourier" title="ECourier">eCourier</a> also contributes its drivers' GPS traces to OSM. According to a study, about 17% of road kilometers were last touched by corporate teams in March 2020.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The top 13 corporate contributors during 2014–2020 include Apple, Kaart, Amazon, Facebook, Mapbox, Digital Egypt, Grab, Microsoft, Telenav, Developmentseed, Uber, Lightcyphers and Lyft.<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_2021-74">[74]</a> According to OpenStreetMap Statistics, the over all percentage of edits from corporations peaked at about 10% in 2020 and 2021 and has since fallen to about 2-3% in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-governmental_organisations">Non-governmental organisations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Non-governmental organisations">edit</a>]</div> Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) is a nonprofit organisation promoting community mapping across the world. It developed the open source HOT Tasking Manager for collaboration, and contributed to mapping efforts after the <a href="/wiki/April_2015_Nepal_earthquake" title="April 2015 Nepal earthquake">April 2015 Nepal earthquake</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2016_Kumamoto_earthquakes" title="2016 Kumamoto earthquakes">2016 Kumamoto earthquakes</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/2016_Ecuador_earthquake" title="2016 Ecuador earthquake">2016 Ecuador earthquake</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Missing_Maps" title="Missing Maps">Missing Maps</a> Project, founded by the American Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, and other NGOs, uses HOT Tasking Manager. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Heidelberg">University of Heidelberg</a> hosts the Disastermappers Project for training university students in mapping for humanitarian purposes. When <a href="/wiki/Western_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Western African Ebola virus epidemic">Ebola broke out in 2014</a>, the volunteers mapped 100,000 buildings and hundreds of miles of roads in Guinea in just five days.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201743-78">[78]</a> Local groups such as <a href="/wiki/Ramani_Huria" title="Ramani Huria">Ramani Huria</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a> incorporate OSM mapping into their <a href="/wiki/Community_resilience" title="Community resilience">community resilience</a> programmes. <a href="/wiki/Community_emergency_response_team" title="Community emergency response team">Community emergency response teams</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> and elsewhere organize field surveys and mapathons to contribute information about <a href="/wiki/Fire_alarm_call_box" title="Fire alarm call box">fire alarm call boxes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazard_symbol" title="Hazard symbol">hazard symbols</a>, and other relevant features.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conferences">Conferences</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Conferences">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg/220px-State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg/330px-State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg/440px-State_of_the_Map_2022_-_group_photo_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption>In 2022, over 600 people attended State of the Map in <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a> or online.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></figcaption></figure> Since 2007, the OpenStreetMap community has organised State of the Map (SotM), an annual international conference at which stakeholders present on technical progress and discuss policy issues.<a href="#cite_note-sotm-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The conference is held each year in a different city around the world. Various regional editions of State of the Map are also held for each continent, regions such as the Baltics and Latin America, and some countries with especially active local communities, such as France, Germany, and the United States. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Operation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (September 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OSM_Components.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/OSM_Components.svg/300px-OSM_Components.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/OSM_Components.svg/450px-OSM_Components.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/OSM_Components.svg/600px-OSM_Components.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1036" data-file-height="509" /></a><figcaption>OSM application architectural components</figcaption></figure> The official OSM website at openstreetmap.org is the project's main hub for contributors. A reference implementation of a <a href="/wiki/Tiled_web_map" title="Tiled web map">slippy map</a> (featuring a selection of third-party tile layers), a <a href="/wiki/Changelog" title="Changelog">revision log</a>, and integrations with basic <a href="/wiki/Geocoder" class="mw-redirect" title="Geocoder">geocoders</a> and route planners facilitate the community's management of the database contents. Logged-in users can access an embedded copy of the <a href="/wiki/ID_(software)" title="ID (software)">iD</a> editor and shortcuts for desktop editors for contributing to the database, as well as some rudimentary <a href="/wiki/Social_networking" class="mw-redirect" title="Social networking">social networking</a> features such as user profiles and diaries. The website's built-in <a href="/wiki/REST" title="REST">REST</a> API and <a href="/wiki/OAuth" title="OAuth">OAuth</a> authentication enable third-party applications to programmatically interact with the site's major functionality, including submitting changes. Much of the website runs as a <a href="/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Ruby on Rails</a> application backed by a <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a> database. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software_development">Software development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Software development">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/OpenStreetMap" title="Special:EditPage/OpenStreetMap">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22OpenStreetMap%22">"OpenStreetMap"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22OpenStreetMap%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22OpenStreetMap%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22OpenStreetMap%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22OpenStreetMap%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22OpenStreetMap%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (September 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Strictly speaking, the OSM project produces only a geographic database, leaving data consumers to handle every aspect of postprocessing the data and presenting it to end users. However, a large ecosystem of command line tools, software libraries, and cloud services has developed around OSM, much of it as <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software</a>. Two kinds of <a href="/wiki/Solution_stack" title="Solution stack">software stacks</a> have emerged for rendering OSM data as an interactive <a href="/wiki/Tiled_web_map" title="Tiled web map">slippy map</a>. In one, a server-side rendering engine such as <a href="/wiki/Mapnik" title="Mapnik">Mapnik</a> prerenders the data as a series of <a href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster image</a> tiles, then serves them using a library such as mod_tile. A library such as <a href="/wiki/OpenLayers" title="OpenLayers">OpenLayers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Leaflet_(software)" title="Leaflet (software)">Leaflet</a> displays these tiles on the client side on the slippy map. Alternatively, a server application converts raw OSM data into <a href="/wiki/Vector_tiles" title="Vector tiles">vector tiles</a> according to a schema, such as Mapbox Streets, OpenMapTiles, or Shortbread. These tiles are rendered on the client side by a library such as the <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> Maps SDK, <a href="/w/index.php?title=MapLibre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MapLibre (page does not exist)">MapLibre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mapzen" title="Mapzen">Mapzen</a>'s Tangrams, or OpenLayers. Applications such as <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> Studio allow designers to author vector styles in an interactive, visual environment.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Vector maps are especially common among three-dimensional mapping applications and mobile applications. Plugins are available for embedding slippy maps in <a href="/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management systems</a> such as <a href="/wiki/WordPress" title="WordPress">WordPress</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> A geocoder indexes map data so that users can search it by name and address (<a href="/wiki/Geocoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Geocoding">geocoding</a>) or look up an address based on a given coordinate pair (<a href="/wiki/Reverse_geocoding" title="Reverse geocoding">reverse geocoding</a>). Several geocoders are designed to index OSM data, including Nominatim (from the Latin, 'by name'), which is built into the official OSM website along with <a href="/wiki/GeoNames" title="GeoNames">GeoNames</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OSM-Nominatim-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Komoot" title="Komoot">Komoot</a>'s Photon <a href="/wiki/Search_engine" title="Search engine">search engine</a> provides <a href="/wiki/Incremental_search" title="Incremental search">incremental search</a> functionality based on a Nominatim database. Element 84's <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language</a> geocoder uses a <a href="/wiki/Large_language_model" title="Large language model">large language model</a> to identify OSM geometries to return.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> A variety of <a href="/wiki/Route_planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Route planning">route planning</a> libraries and services are based on OSM data. OSM's official website has featured <a href="/wiki/GraphHopper" title="GraphHopper">GraphHopper</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Routing_Machine" title="Open Source Routing Machine">Open Source Routing Machine</a>, and Valhalla since February 2015.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> Other widely deployed routing engines include Openrouteservice and <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenTripPlanner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenTripPlanner (page does not exist)">OpenTripPlanner</a>, which specializes in public transport routing. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Uses">edit</a>]</div> OSM is an important source of <a href="/wiki/Geographic_data" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic data">geographic data</a> in many fields, including transportation, analysis, public services, and humanitarian aid. However, much of its use by consumers is indirect via third-party products, because <a href="/wiki/Customer_review" title="Customer review">customer reviews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">aerial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite imagery</a> are not part of the project per se.<a href="#cite_note-Schröder-Bergen-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cartography">Cartography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cartography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soho_-_map_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/220px-Soho_-_map_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/330px-Soho_-_map_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soho_-_map_1.png/440px-Soho_-_map_1.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>OpenStreetMap of <a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a>, central London, shown in the "Carto" OpenStreetMap layer</figcaption></figure> A variety of applications and services allow users to visualise OSM data in the form of a map. The official OSM website features an interactive <a href="/wiki/Tiled_web_map" title="Tiled web map">slippy map</a> interface so that users can efficiently edit maps and view <a href="/wiki/Changeset" title="Changeset">changesets</a>. It presents the general-purpose OpenStreetMap Carto style alongside a selection of specialised styles for cycling and public transport. Beyond this reference implementation, community-maintained map applications focus on alternative cartographic representations and specialised use cases. For example, <a href="/wiki/OpenRailwayMap" title="OpenRailwayMap">OpenRailwayMap</a> is a detailed online map of the world's railway infrastructure based on OSM data.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <a href="/wiki/OpenSeaMap" title="OpenSeaMap">OpenSeaMap</a> is a world <a href="/wiki/Nautical_chart" title="Nautical chart">nautical chart</a> built as a <a href="/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">mashup</a> of OpenStreetMap, crowdsourced water depth tracks, and third-party weather and bathymetric data. OpenTopoMap uses OSM and <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_Radar_Topography_Mission" title="Shuttle Radar Topography Mission">SRTM</a> data to create <a href="/wiki/Topographic_map" title="Topographic map">topographic maps</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tactile_Map_Automated_Production" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactile Map Automated Production">Tactile Map Automated Production</a> prints <a href="/wiki/Tactile_map" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactile map">tactile maps</a> that feature embossed streets, paths, and railroads from OSM.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> On the desktop, applications such as <a href="/wiki/GNOME_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="GNOME Maps">GNOME Maps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marble_(software)" title="Marble (software)">Marble</a> provide their own interactive styles. GIS suites such as <a href="/wiki/QGIS" title="QGIS">QGIS</a> allow users to produce their own custom maps based on the same data. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geolocation">Geolocation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Geolocation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 300px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="16" data-overlays="["_945390493b89d6c0f91aa68aec6f5189b574da79"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,16,a,a,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=OpenStreetMap&revid=1259821928&groups=_945390493b89d6c0f91aa68aec6f5189b574da79" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,16,a,a,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=OpenStreetMap&revid=1259821928&groups=_945390493b89d6c0f91aa68aec6f5189b574da79 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="thumbcaption">Wikimedia Maps (<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Maplink" title="Template:Maplink">Maplink</a>}}</code>) example, highlighting the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a> using live OpenStreetMap data</div></div></div> Many commercial and noncommercial websites feature maps powered by OSM data in <a href="/wiki/Locator_map" title="Locator map">locator maps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_locator_service" title="Online locator service">store locators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infographic" title="Infographic">infographics</a>, story maps, and other <a href="/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">mashups</a>. Locator maps on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage" title="Wikivoyage">Wikivoyage</a> articles for cities and points of interest are powered by a <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> extension and the OSM-based Wikimedia Maps service.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> The locator maps on <a href="/wiki/Craigslist" title="Craigslist">Craigslist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <a href="/wiki/Flickr" title="Flickr">Flickr</a>,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/Foursquare_City_Guide" title="Foursquare City Guide">Foursquare City Guide</a>,<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gurtam" title="Gurtam">Gurtam</a>'s Wialon,<a href="#cite_note-Wialon-97">[97]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Snapchat" title="Snapchat">Snapchat</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> are also powered by OSM. From 2013 to 2022, <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> visualized any uploaded <a href="/wiki/GeoJSON" title="GeoJSON">GeoJSON</a> data atop an OSM-based <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> basemap.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In 2012, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> quietly switched the locator map in <a href="/wiki/IPhoto" title="IPhoto">iPhoto</a> from <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> to OSM.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Interactive OSM-based maps appear in many mobile navigation applications, fitness applications, and <a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Augmented reality game">augmented reality games</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Strava" title="Strava">Strava</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Stava-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geospatial_analysis">Geospatial analysis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Geospatial analysis">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (September 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif/220px-India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif/330px-India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif/440px-India_OpenStreetMap_data_loading_in_QGIS.gif 2x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Raw OpenStreetMap data of India loading in <a href="/wiki/QGIS" title="QGIS">QGIS</a> for analysis and map-making</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Overpass_API" class="mw-redirect" title="Overpass API">Overpass API</a> searches the OSM database for features whose metadata or topology match criteria specified in a structured <a href="/wiki/Query_language" title="Query language">query language</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Overpass turbo is an <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> for querying this API. <a href="/wiki/Bellingcat" title="Bellingcat">Bellingcat</a> develops an alternative Overpass frontend for geolocating photographs.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <a href="/wiki/QLever" title="QLever">QLever</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sophox" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophox">Sophox</a> are <a href="/wiki/Triplestore" title="Triplestore">triplestores</a> that accept standard <a href="/wiki/SPARQL" title="SPARQL">SPARQL</a> queries to return facts about the OSM database. <a href="/wiki/Geographic_information_retrieval" title="Geographic information retrieval">Geographic information retrieval</a> systems such as NLMaps Web<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> and OSCAR<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> answer natural language queries based on OSM data. OSMnx is a <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> package for analysing and visualising the OSM <a href="/wiki/Street_network" title="Street network">road network</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> OSM is often a source for realistic, large-scale <a href="/wiki/Transport_network_analysis" title="Transport network analysis">transport network analyses</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> because the raw road network data is freely available or because of aspects of coverage that are uncommon in proprietary alternatives. OSM data can be imported into professional-grade traffic simulation frameworks such as <a href="/wiki/Aimsun" title="Aimsun">Aimsun</a> Next,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Simulation_of_Urban_MObility" title="Simulation of Urban MObility">Eclipse SUMO</a>,<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> and <a href="/wiki/MATSim" title="MATSim">MATSim</a>,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>–focused simulators such as A/B Street.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> A team at the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Tech_Transportation_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Tech Transportation Institute">Virginia Tech Transportation Institute</a> has used Valhalla's <a href="/wiki/Map_matching" title="Map matching">map matching</a> function to evaluate <a href="/wiki/Advanced_driver-assistance_system" title="Advanced driver-assistance system">advanced driver-assistance systems</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> has analysed routes generated by the <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Routing_Machine" title="Open Source Routing Machine">Open Source Routing Machine</a> along with <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a> data to develop a socioeconomic profile of commuters affected by the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key_Bridge_collapse" title="Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse">Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> OSM is also used in conservation and <a href="/wiki/Land-use_planning" title="Land-use planning">land-use planning</a> research. The annual <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a> is based on a comprehensive map of remaining roadless areas derived from OSM's road network.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-FLII-Supplementary-116">[116]</a> OpenSentinelMap is a global land use dataset based on OSM's land use areas and <a href="/wiki/Sentinel-2" title="Sentinel-2">Sentinel-2</a> imagery, designed for <a href="/wiki/Feature_detection_(computer_vision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Feature detection (computer vision)">feature detection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Image_segmentation" title="Image segmentation">image segmentation</a> using computer vision.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Some newsrooms routinely incorporate OSM data into their workflows and <a href="/wiki/Data_journalism" title="Data journalism">data journalism</a> projects. The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a> maintains a dashboard of <a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Chicago" title="Crime in Chicago">crime in Chicago</a> visualized against an OSM basemap.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> accompany articles with locator maps and more in-depth visuals that rely on OSM's hyperlocal coverage of places that have less detail in proprietary maps.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Various groups, including researchers, data journalists, the <a href="/wiki/Open_Knowledge_Foundation" title="Open Knowledge Foundation">Open Knowledge Foundation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geochicas" title="Geochicas">Geochicas</a>, have used OSM in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> to explore the demographics of people honoured by street names and raise awareness of gender bias in naming decisions.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Navigation">Navigation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Navigation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (July 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bus_-135_device.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bus_-135_device.jpg/220px-Bus_-135_device.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bus_-135_device.jpg/330px-Bus_-135_device.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Bus_-135_device.jpg/440px-Bus_-135_device.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2962" /></a><figcaption>A device on the dashboard of a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydtrafik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydtrafik (page does not exist)">Sydtrafik</a> bus in Denmark tracks the operator's route using OSM data.</figcaption></figure> OSM is a data source for some Web-based map services. In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Bing_Maps" title="Bing Maps">Bing Maps</a> introduced an option to display an OSM-based map<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> and later began including building data from OSM by default.<a href="#cite_note-Verge_Warren-62">[62]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wheelmap.org" title="Wheelmap.org">Wheelmap.org</a> is a portal for discovering wheelchair-accessible places, <a href="/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">mashing up</a> OSM data with a separate, crowdsourced <a href="/wiki/Customer_review" title="Customer review">customer review</a> database. Mobile applications such as <a href="/wiki/CycleStreets" title="CycleStreets">CycleStreets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karta_GPS" title="Karta GPS">Karta GPS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komoot" title="Komoot">Komoot</a>,<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/Locus_Map" title="Locus Map">Locus Map</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maps.me" title="Maps.me">Maps.me</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organic_Maps" title="Organic Maps">Organic Maps</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OsmAnd" title="OsmAnd">OsmAnd</a> also provide offline route planning capabilities. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Maps" title="Apple Maps">Apple Maps</a> uses OSM data in many countries.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurdochKellyQuinlanHarpster20207-126">[126]</a> Some of <a href="/wiki/Garmin" title="Garmin">Garmin</a>'s GPS products incorporate OSM data.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> OSM is a popular source for road data among Iranian navigation applications, such as Balad.<a href="#cite_note-ZoomIT-63">[63]</a> <a href="/wiki/Geotab" title="Geotab">Geotab</a><a href="#cite_note-Geotab-128">[128]</a> and <a href="/wiki/TeleNav" title="TeleNav">TeleNav</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> also use OSM data in their in-car navigation systems. Some public transportation providers rely on OpenStreetMap data in their route planning services and for other analysis needs. OSM data appears in the driver or rider application or powers backend operations for <a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">ridesharing companies</a> and related services.<a href="#cite_note-Grab-130">[130]</a> In 2022, <a href="/wiki/Grab_Holdings" title="Grab Holdings">Grab</a> completed a migration from Google Maps and <a href="/wiki/Here_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Here Maps">Here Maps</a> to an in-house, OSM-based navigation solution, reducing trip times by about 90 seconds.<a href="#cite_note-ROW_Anindya-75">[75]</a> In 2024, <a href="/wiki/Ola_Consumer" title="Ola Consumer">Ola</a> introduced a mapping platform partly based on OSM data.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> In 2019, owners of <a href="/wiki/Tesla_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Tesla Inc.">Tesla</a> cars found that the Smart Summon <a href="/wiki/Automatic_valet_parking" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic valet parking">automatic valet parking</a> feature within <a href="/wiki/Tesla_Autopilot" title="Tesla Autopilot">Tesla Autopilot</a> relied on OSM's coverage of parking lot details.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> <a href="/wiki/Webots" title="Webots">Webots</a> uses OSM data to simulate realistic surroundings for autonomous vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Humanitarian_aid">Humanitarian aid</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Humanitarian aid">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Crisis_mapping" title="Crisis mapping">Crisis mapping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smart_mob" title="Smart mob">Smart mob</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ushahidi" title="Ushahidi">Ushahidi</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg/220px-Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg/330px-Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg/440px-Openstreetmap_Philippines_GPS_Map_by_Schadow1_Expeditions.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>OpenStreetMap Philippines GPS map, an end-product of over a thousand crisis mappers that contributed almost 5 million map updates during the 2013 Haiyan humanitarian activation<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></figcaption></figure> Humanitarian <a href="/wiki/Aid_agency" title="Aid agency">aid agencies</a> use OSM data both proactively and reactively. OSM's road and building coverage allow them to discover patterns of disease outbreaks and target interventions such as <a href="/wiki/Antimalarial_medication" title="Antimalarial medication">antimalarial medications</a> toward remote villages. After a disaster occurs, they produce large-format printed maps and downloadable maps for <a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS tracking units</a> for aid workers to use in the field.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> The <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a> established a model for non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to collaborate with international organisations. OpenStreetMap and Crisis Commons volunteers used available satellite imagery to map the roads, buildings and refugee camps of <a href="/wiki/Port-au-Prince" title="Port-au-Prince">Port-au-Prince</a> in just two days, building "the most complete digital map of Haiti's roads".<a href="#cite_note-forbes-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-137">[137]</a> The resulting data and maps have been used by several organisations providing relief aid, such as the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, the European Commission Joint Research Centre, the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs">Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNOSAT" title="UNOSAT">UNOSAT</a> and others.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> After Haiti, the OpenStreetMap community continued mapping to support humanitarian organisations for various crises and disasters. After the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mali_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mali conflict">Northern Mali conflict</a> (January 2013), <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan" title="Typhoon Haiyan">Typhoon Haiyan</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> in the Philippines (November 2013), and the <a href="/wiki/Ebola_virus_epidemic_in_West_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa">Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa</a> (March 2014), the OpenStreetMap community in association with the NGO Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) has shown it can play a significant role in supporting humanitarian organisations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoody201743-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gaming">Gaming</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Gaming">edit</a>]</div> OSM is a map data source for many <a href="/wiki/Location-based_game" title="Location-based game">location-based games</a> that require broad coverage of local details such as streets and buildings. One of the earliest such games was <a href="/wiki/Hasbro" title="Hasbro">Hasbro</a>'s short-lived <a href="/wiki/Monopoly_City_Streets" class="mw-redirect" title="Monopoly City Streets">Monopoly City Streets</a> (2009), which offered a choice between OSM and <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> as the playing board.<a href="#cite_note-pcworld-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-Monopoly-142">[142]</a> <a href="/wiki/Battlefield_4" title="Battlefield 4">Battlefield 4</a> (2013) used a customized OSM-based <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a> map in its leaderboards.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> In 2013, Ballardia shut down testing of <a href="/wiki/World_of_the_Living_Dead" title="World of the Living Dead">World of the Living Dead: Resurrection</a>, because too many players attempted to use the Google Maps–based game, then relaunched it after switching to OSM, which could handle thousands of players.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg/220px-Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg/330px-Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg/440px-Innsbruck_in_FlightGear_2020.x_with_OSM2City_Output_based_on_Open_Street_Map_data_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a> in <a href="/wiki/FlightGear" title="FlightGear">FlightGear Flight Simulator</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Flight_simulator" title="Flight simulator">Flight simulators</a> combine OSM's coverage of roads and structures with other sources of natural environment data, acting as sophisticated 3D map renderers, in order to add realism to the ground below. <a href="/wiki/X-Plane_(simulator)" title="X-Plane (simulator)">X-Plane</a> 10 (2011) replaced <a href="/wiki/Topologically_Integrated_Geographic_Encoding_and_Referencing" title="Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing">TIGER</a> and <a href="/wiki/VMAP0" class="mw-redirect" title="VMAP0">VMAP0</a> with OSM for roads, railways, and some bodies of water.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Flight_Simulator_(2020_video_game)" title="Microsoft Flight Simulator (2020 video game)">Microsoft Flight Simulator</a> (2020) introduced software-generated building models based in part on OSM data.<a href="#cite_note-Verge_Warren-62">[62]</a> In 2020, <a href="/wiki/FlightGear" title="FlightGear">FlightGear Flight Simulator</a> officially integrated OSM buildings and roads into the official scenery.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <a href="/wiki/City-building_game" title="City-building game">City-building games</a> use a subset of OSM data as a base layer to take advantage of the player's familiarity with their surroundings. In <a href="/wiki/NIMBY_Rails" title="NIMBY Rails">NIMBY Rails</a> (2021), the player develops a railway network that coexists with real-world roads and bodies of water.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> In Jutsu Games' <a href="/wiki/Infection_Free_Zone" title="Infection Free Zone">Infection Free Zone</a> (2024), the player builds fortifications amid a post-apocalyptic world based on OSM streets and buildings.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alternate_reality_game" title="Alternate reality game">Alternate reality games</a> rely on OSM data to determine where rewards and other elements of the game <a href="/wiki/Spawning_(video_games)" title="Spawning (video games)">spawn</a> in the player's presence, such as the 'portals' in <a href="/wiki/Ingress_(video_game)" title="Ingress (video game)">Ingress</a>, the 'PokéStops' and 'Pokémon Gyms' in <a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Go" title="Pokémon Go">Pokémon Go</a>, and the 'tappables' in <a href="/wiki/Minecraft_Earth" title="Minecraft Earth">Minecraft Earth</a> (2019).<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> In 2017, when <a href="/wiki/Niantic_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niantic (company)">Niantic</a> migrated its augmented reality titles, including Ingress and Pokémon Go, from Google Maps to OSM, the <a href="/wiki/Overworld" title="Overworld">overworld</a> maps in these games initially became more detailed for some players but completely blank for others, due to OSM's uneven geographic coverage at the time.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> In the first six weeks after launching in South Korea, Pokémon Go produced a seventeenfold spike in daily OSM contributions within the country.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> In 2024, Niantic migrated its titles to <a href="/wiki/Overture_Maps_Foundation" title="Overture Maps Foundation">Overture Maps</a> data, which incorporates some OSM data.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition">Recognition</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Recognition">edit</a>]</div> OSM and projects based on it have been recognized for their contributions to design and the public good: <ul><li>In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation_Europe" title="Free Software Foundation Europe">Free Software Foundation Europe</a> awarded the <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a> its <a href="/wiki/Document_Freedom_Day" title="Document Freedom Day">Document Freedom Day</a> UK Award.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a></li> <li>In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Institute_of_Design_Promotion" title="Japan Institute of Design Promotion">Japan Institute of Design Promotion</a> awarded OSM its <a href="/wiki/Good_Design_Award_(Japan)" title="Good Design Award (Japan)">Good Design Award</a>.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a></li> <li>In 2018, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swiss_Society_of_Cartography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swiss Society of Cartography (page does not exist)">Swiss Society of Cartography</a> awarded the OSM-based OpenMapTiles project its Prix Carto award for digital cartography.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a></li> <li>In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a> awarded OSM the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Award_for_Projects_of_Social_Benefit" class="mw-redirect" title="Free Software Award for Projects of Social Benefit">Free Software Award for Projects of Social Benefit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a></li> <li>In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Stamen_Design" title="Stamen Design">Stamen Design</a>'s OSM-based tile layer Watercolor (2010) became the first live website to enter the permanent collection of the <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum" title="Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum">Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a></li> <li>In 2023, the Digital Public Goods Alliance, a United Nations–endorsed initiative, recognized OSM as a <a href="/wiki/Digital_public_goods" title="Digital public goods">digital public good</a> for its contribution toward the UN's <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (September 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> According to the <a href="/wiki/Open_Data_Institute" title="Open Data Institute">Open Data Institute</a>, OSM is one of the most successful collaboratively maintained open datasets in existence.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> A 2020 <a href="/wiki/Research_report" title="Research report">research report</a> by <a href="/wiki/Accenture" title="Accenture">Accenture</a> estimated the total <a href="/wiki/Replacement_value" title="Replacement value">replacement value</a> of the OSM database, the value of OSM software development effort, and maintenance overhead at $1.67 billion,<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> roughly equivalent to the value of the <a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Several startups have turned OSM-based <a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">software as a service</a> into a business model, including <a href="/wiki/Carto_(company)" title="Carto (company)">Carto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a>,<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <a href="/wiki/MapTiler" title="MapTiler">MapTiler</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mapzen" title="Mapzen">Mapzen</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Overture_Maps_Foundation" title="Overture Maps Foundation">Overture Maps Foundation</a> incorporates OSM data in some of its GIS layers.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Several open <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_mapping" title="Collaborative mapping">collaborative mapping</a> projects are modeled after OSM and rely on OSM software. <a href="/wiki/OpenHistoricalMap" title="OpenHistoricalMap">OpenHistoricalMap</a> is a world <a href="/wiki/Historical_atlas" title="Historical atlas">historical map</a> that tracks the evolution of <a href="/wiki/Human_geography" title="Human geography">human geography</a> over time, from prehistory to the present day. <a href="/wiki/OpenGeofiction" title="OpenGeofiction">OpenGeofiction</a> focuses on <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_cartography" title="Fantasy cartography">fantasy cartography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">worldbuilding</a>. The OSM community sees these projects as complements for aspects of geography that are out of scope for OSM.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-Topf_Ramm_on_the_ground-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collaborative_mapping" title="Collaborative mapping">Collaborative mapping</a> – Aggregation of web mapping and user content</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neogeography" title="Neogeography">Neogeography</a> – Amateur-focused geography</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turn-by-turn_navigation" title="Turn-by-turn navigation">Turn-by-turn navigation</a> – Feature of GPS navigation devices</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volunteered_geographic_information" title="Volunteered geographic information">Volunteered geographic information</a> – Type of user-generated content</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenDroneMap" title="OpenDroneMap">OpenDroneMap</a> – open source photogrammetry toolkitPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-github-locales-1"><a href="#cite_ref-github-locales_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/openstreetmap-website/tree/master/config/locales">"openstreetmap-website/config/locales at master"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170228222543/https://github.com/openstreetmap/openstreetmap-website/tree/master/config/locales">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2017. 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University Park, Pennsylvania: <a href="/wiki/Penn_State_College_of_Earth_and_Mineral_Sciences" title="Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences">Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences</a>. Retrieved 11 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mapbox+services+and+vector+tiles&rft.btitle=GEOG+865%3A+Cloud+and+Server+GIS&rft.place=University+Park%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Penn+State+College+of+Earth+and+Mineral+Sciences&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=Sterling&rft.au=Baxter%2C+Ryan&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-education.psu.edu%2Fgeog865%2Fnode%2F324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://overturemaps.org/about/faq/">"FAQ – Overture Maps Foundation"</a>. Retrieved 17 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQ+%E2%80%93+Overture+Maps+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foverturemaps.org%2Fabout%2Ffaq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYan_Minghui2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yan Minghui (20 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hk01.com/即時體育/761319/行山-共享地圖openstreetmap爆改地名大戰-山友憂慮增加意外">"共享地圖OpenStreetMap爆改地名大戰山友憂慮增加意外"</a> [The shared map OpenStreetMap is overrun with changed place names, climbers worry about increase in accidents]. <a href="/wiki/HK01" title="HK01">HK01</a> (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 20 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HK01&rft.atitle=%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96OpenStreetMap%E7%88%86%E6%94%B9%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0+%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%8B%E6%86%82%E6%85%AE%E5%A2%9E%E5%8A%A0%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%96&rft.date=2022-04-20&rft.au=Yan+Minghui&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hk01.com%2F%E5%8D%B3%E6%99%82%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2%2F761319%2F%E8%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1-%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96openstreetmap%E7%88%86%E6%94%B9%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0-%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%8B%E6%86%82%E6%85%AE%E5%A2%9E%E5%8A%A0%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuinnBull2019" class="citation book cs1">Quinn, Sterling; Bull, Floyd (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8DL3DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA84">"Understanding Threats to Crowdsourced Geographic Data Quality Through a Study of OpenStreetMap Contributor Bans"</a>. In Valcik, Nicolas A. (ed.). Geospatial Information System Use in Public Organizations: How and Why GIS Should be Used in the Public Sector. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. 84–85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4987-6764-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4987-6764-4"><bdi>978-1-4987-6764-4</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Understanding+Threats+to+Crowdsourced+Geographic+Data+Quality+Through+a+Study+of+OpenStreetMap+Contributor+Bans&rft.btitle=Geospatial+Information+System+Use+in+Public+Organizations%3A+How+and+Why+GIS+Should+be+Used+in+the+Public+Sector&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=84-85&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-4987-6764-4&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=Sterling&rft.au=Bull%2C+Floyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8DL3DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoody2017" class="citation book cs1">Foody, Giles; et al. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv3t5qzc">Mapping and the Citizen Sensor</a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Ubiquity_Press" title="Ubiquity Press">Ubiquity Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-911529-16-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-911529-16-3"><bdi>978-1-911529-16-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv3t5qzc">j.ctv3t5qzc</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mapping+and+the+Citizen+Sensor&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Ubiquity+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctv3t5qzc%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-1-911529-16-3&rft.aulast=Foody&rft.aufirst=Giles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctv3t5qzc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2010" class="citation book cs1">Bennett, Jonathan (2010). OpenStreetMap: Be Your Own Cartographer. Packt Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84719-750-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84719-750-4"><bdi>978-1-84719-750-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=OpenStreetMap%3A+Be+Your+Own+Cartographer&rft.pub=Packt+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84719-750-4&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurdochKellyQuinlanHarpster2020" class="citation report cs1">Murdoch, Robin; Kelly, Christian; Quinlan, Matthew; Harpster, Jubal (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201117130018/https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/PDF-126/Accenture-Navigating-OpenStreetMap.pdf">Navigating OpenStreetMap: how to make the most of an increasingly valuable mapping asset</a> (PDF) (Report). Dublin: Accenture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/PDF-126/Accenture-Navigating-OpenStreetMap.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Navigating+OpenStreetMap%3A+how+to+make+the+most+of+an+increasingly+valuable+mapping+asset&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Accenture&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Murdoch&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Christian&rft.au=Quinlan%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Harpster%2C+Jubal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.accenture.com%2F_acnmedia%2FPDF-126%2FAccenture-Navigating-OpenStreetMap.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRammTopfChilton2010" class="citation book cs1">Ramm, Frederik; Topf, Jochen; Chilton, Steve (September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openstreetmap.info/">OpenStreetMap: Using and Enhancing the Free Map of the World</a> (1st ed.). UIT Cambridge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906860-11-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906860-11-0"><bdi>978-1-906860-11-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=OpenStreetMap%3A+Using+and+Enhancing+the+Free+Map+of+the+World&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=UIT+Cambridge&rft.date=2010-09&rft.isbn=978-1-906860-11-0&rft.aulast=Ramm&rft.aufirst=Frederik&rft.au=Topf%2C+Jochen&rft.au=Chilton%2C+Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopenstreetmap.info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTopf2022" class="citation report cs1">Topf, Jochen (15 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://osmfoundation.org/wiki/File:2022-08-15-study-evolution-of-the-osm-data-model-by-Jochen-Topf_CC-BY-SA_4.0.pdf">Evolution of the OSM Data Model</a> (PDF) (Report). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Evolution+of+the+OSM+Data+Model&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=OpenStreetMap+Foundation&rft.date=2022-08-15&rft.aulast=Topf&rft.aufirst=Jochen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fosmfoundation.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3A2022-08-15-study-evolution-of-the-osm-data-model-by-Jochen-Topf_CC-BY-SA_4.0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpenStreetMap" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> OpenStreetMap at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:OpenStreetMap" class="extiw" title="c:category:OpenStreetMap">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:OpenStreetMap" class="extiw" title="s:Category:OpenStreetMap">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Cooperating_with_OpenStreetMap" class="extiw" title="voy:Wikivoyage:Cooperating with OpenStreetMap">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936" class="extiw" title="d:Q936">Data</a> from Wikidata</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/27px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/41px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/54px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/OpenStreetMap" class="extiw" title="m:OpenStreetMap">Discussions</a> from Meta-Wiki</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/27px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/41px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/54px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Maps" class="extiw" title="mw:Maps">Documentation</a> from MediaWiki</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="OpenStreetMap" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:OpenStreetMap" title="Template:OpenStreetMap"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OpenStreetMap" title="Template talk:OpenStreetMap"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:OpenStreetMap" title="Special:EditPage/Template:OpenStreetMap"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="OpenStreetMap" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OpenStreetMap</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geochicas" title="Geochicas">Geochicas‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_OpenStreetMap_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team">Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapbox" title="Mapbox">Mapbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MapTiler" title="MapTiler">MapTiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapzen" title="Mapzen">Mapzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missing_Maps" title="Missing Maps">Missing Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap_Foundation" title="OpenStreetMap Foundation">OpenStreetMap Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramani_Huria" title="Ramani Huria">Ramani Huria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Italia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia Italia">Wikimedia Italia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Openstreetmap_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/100px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/150px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/200px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ID_(software)" title="ID (software)">iD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JOSM" title="JOSM">JOSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KartaView" title="KartaView">KartaView</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapillary" title="Mapillary">Mapillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenDroneMap" title="OpenDroneMap">OpenDroneMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potlatch_(software)" title="Potlatch (software)">Potlatch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visualisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leaflet_(software)" title="Leaflet (software)">Leaflet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapnik" title="Mapnik">Mapnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_(software)" title="Marble (software)">Marble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenLayers" title="OpenLayers">OpenLayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenRailwayMap" title="OpenRailwayMap">OpenRailwayMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSeaMap" title="OpenSeaMap">OpenSeaMap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="GNOME Maps">GNOME Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GraphHopper" title="GraphHopper">GraphHopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karta_GPS" title="Karta GPS">Karta GPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komoot" title="Komoot">Komoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Map" title="Locus Map">Locus Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maps.me" title="Maps.me">Maps.me</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navit" title="Navit">Navit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neshan" title="Neshan">Neshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Routing_Machine" title="Open Source Routing Machine">Open Source Routing Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_Maps" title="Organic Maps">Organic Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OsmAnd" title="OsmAnd">OsmAnd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelmap.org" title="Wheelmap.org">Wheelmap.org</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Open_Street_Map" class="mw-redirect" title="Free Open Street Map">FOSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGeofiction" title="OpenGeofiction">OpenGeofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenHistoricalMap" title="OpenHistoricalMap">OpenHistoricalMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overture_Maps_Foundation" title="Overture Maps Foundation">Overture Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Satellite_navigation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Satellite_navigation" title="Template:Satellite navigation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Satellite_navigation" title="Template talk:Satellite navigation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Satellite_navigation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Satellite navigation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Satellite_navigation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation" title="Satellite navigation">Satellite navigation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BeiDou" title="BeiDou">BeiDou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DORIS_(satellite_system)" title="DORIS (satellite system)">DORIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Regional_Navigation_Satellite_System" title="Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System">IRNSS / NAVIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-Zenith_Satellite_System" title="Quasi-Zenith Satellite System">QZSS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation_device" title="Satellite navigation device">Devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_navigation_assistant" title="Personal navigation assistant">Personal navigation assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_navigation_system" title="Automotive navigation system">Automotive navigation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS_tracking_unit#Data_loggers" title="GPS tracking unit">GPS logger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chipsets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SiRFstarIII" title="SiRFstarIII">SiRFstarIII</a></li> <li>SiRFatlasIV</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaTek" title="MediaTek">MTK</a></li> <li>CellGuide ACLYS</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/GNSS_augmentation" title="GNSS augmentation">GNSS augmentation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Geostationary_Navigation_Overlay_Service" title="European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service">EGNOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS-aided_GEO_augmented_navigation" title="GPS-aided GEO augmented navigation">GAGAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS%C2%B7C" title="GPS·C">GPS·C</a> (retired)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_precision_approach_and_landing_system" title="Joint precision approach and landing system">JPALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local-area_augmentation_system" title="Local-area augmentation system">LAAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTSAT_Satellite_Augmentation_System" title="MTSAT Satellite Augmentation System">MSAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Networked_Transport_of_RTCM_via_Internet_Protocol" title="Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol">NTRIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-Zenith_Satellite_System" title="Quasi-Zenith Satellite System">QZSS / Michibiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Positioning_Augmentation_Network" title="Southern Positioning Augmentation Network">SouthPAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StarFire_(navigation_system)" title="StarFire (navigation system)">StarFire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Area_Augmentation_System" title="Wide Area Augmentation System">WAAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_for_Differential_Corrections_and_Monitoring" title="System for Differential Corrections and Monitoring">SDCM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NMEA_0183" title="NMEA 0183">NMEA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisted_GNSS" title="Assisted GNSS">A-GPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-GPS" title="S-GPS">S-GPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_kinematic_positioning" title="Real-time kinematic positioning">RTK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Maps" title="Apple Maps">Apple Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu_Maps" title="Baidu Maps">Baidu Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bing_Maps" title="Bing Maps">Bing Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth">Google Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_WeGo" title="Here WeGo">Here WeGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MapQuest" title="MapQuest">MapQuest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenCPN" title="OpenCPN">OpenCPN</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petal_Maps" title="Petal Maps">Petal Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_WorldWind" title="NASA WorldWind">NASA WorldWind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViaMichelin" title="ViaMichelin">ViaMichelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Maps">Yahoo! Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandex_Maps" title="Yandex Maps">Yandex Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geographic_information_system" title="Geographic information system">Geographic information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geocaching" title="Geocaching">Geocaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_geocoding" title="Address geocoding">Geocoding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoinformatics" title="Geoinformatics">Geoinformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geomatics" title="Geomatics">Geomatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS_animal_tracking" title="GPS animal tracking">GPS animal tracking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volunteered_geographic_information" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Volunteered_geographic_information" title="Template:Volunteered geographic information"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Volunteered_geographic_information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Volunteered geographic information (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Volunteered_geographic_information" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Volunteered geographic information"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Volunteered_geographic_information" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Volunteered_geographic_information" title="Volunteered geographic information">Volunteered geographic information</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Collaborative_mapping" title="Collaborative mapping">Collaborative mapping</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GeoNames" title="GeoNames">GeoNames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Map_Maker" title="Google Map Maker">Google Map Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_WeGo" title="Here WeGo">Here WeGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HistoAtlas" title="HistoAtlas">HistoAtlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Marker_Database" title="Historical Marker Database">Historical Marker Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_National_Map_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="The National Map Corps">The National Map Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGeofiction" title="OpenGeofiction">OpenGeofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenHistoricalMap" title="OpenHistoricalMap">OpenHistoricalMap</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waze" title="Waze">Waze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikiloc" title="Wikiloc">Wikiloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimapia" title="Wikimapia">Wikimapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandex_Map_Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Yandex Map Editor">Yandex Map Editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geotagging" title="Geotagging">Geotagging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KartaView" title="KartaView">KartaView</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapillary" title="Mapillary">Mapillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoramio" title="Panoramio">Panoramio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Participatory_monitoring" title="Participatory monitoring">Participatory monitoring</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crowdmapping" title="Crowdmapping">crowdmapping</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EBird" title="EBird">eBird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo-Wiki" title="Geo-Wiki">Geo-Wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HealthMap" title="HealthMap">HealthMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" 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title="Yelp">Yelp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/184588430">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1067339671">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2011027061">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16993444v">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16993444v">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=pna2017938689&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph820630&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9811332127605606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007604921605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/259763276">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&oldid=1259821928">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OpenStreetMap&oldid=1259821928</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:OpenStreetMap" title="Category:OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a 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</div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-78f4c97c5d-l7hbw","wgBackendResponseTime":191,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_945390493b89d6c0f91aa68aec6f5189b574da79":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q243","properties":{"stroke-width":1.5,"stroke":"#ff0000","title":"OpenStreetMap"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.756","walltime":"2.050","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13661,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":407055,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8536,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":634062,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1800.725 1 -total"," 49.30% 887.710 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.52% 369.443 88 Template:Cite_web"," 9.12% 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[\"CITEREFHerbietBouvry2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIbischHoffmannKreftPe\u0026#039;Er2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIngraham2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnson2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnsonTreibleCrispell2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnston2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJuhászNovackHochmairQiao2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKalašováMikulskiKubíková2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKazazi2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKirk2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLazar2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacKenzie2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMahabirSchuchardCrooksCroitoru2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarques2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarshallCheungDeSalvoSawyer2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartinKent2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartinelli2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMata2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcHugh2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeyer2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMocnikZipfRaifer2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurdochKellyQuinlanHarpster2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNagarajPiezunka2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeis\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeisZielstraZipf2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeisZipf2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOdonohue\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOlbricht2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaulson2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerezTerranovaMetreyBragg2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerkins2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoole\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPridal2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrioleau2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuinnBaxterO\u0026#039;Brien\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuinnBull2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRammTopfChilton2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaphael2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRieserNagelHorni2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFS2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSarkarAnderson2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchleuss2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchlosser2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchröder-Bergen2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinton2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStowell2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStuart2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSupnik2011\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSánchez-MedinaArnayArtuñedoCampos-Cordobés2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTopf2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTopfRamm2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarren2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWill2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWillis2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWood2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWood2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFXiongFioritiNeumannRiepin2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYan_Minghui2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZhouZengJiangZhou2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZielstra\"] = 1,\n [\"HOT\"] = 1,\n [\"Nominatim\"] = 1,\n [\"relation\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 3,\n [\"Annotated link\"] = 5,\n [\"As of\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite arXiv\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite conference\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite interview\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 20,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite mailing list\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 21,\n [\"Cite podcast\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite video\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 88,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"Expand section\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox website\"] = 1,\n [\"Maplink\"] = 1,\n [\"More citations needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"OpenStreetMap\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Satellite navigation\"] = 1,\n [\"Section stub\"] = 2,\n [\"Section-stub\"] = 2,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 11,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Tlx\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Volunteered geographic information\"] = 1,\n [\"Weasel inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","220","17.5"],["dataWrapper 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type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"OpenStreetMap","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenStreetMap","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q936","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q936","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-10-20T19:45:53Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T07:08:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b0\/Openstreetmap_logo.svg","headline":"online collaborative project creating a world geographic database"}</script> </body> </html>