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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Život" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Život"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Život</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Život-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Život</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Život-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rodinné_zázemí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rodinné_zázemí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rodinné zázemí</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rodinné_zázemí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynamit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dynamit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynamit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osobní_život" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osobní_život"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Osobní život</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osobní_život-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nobelova_cena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobelova_cena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nobelova cena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobelova_cena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rodinný_archiv_Alfreda_Nobela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rodinný_archiv_Alfreda_Nobela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rodinný archiv Alfreda Nobela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rodinný_archiv_Alfreda_Nobela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfred Nobel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 158 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-158" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">158 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Нобель, Альфред – abcházština" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Нобель, Альфред" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abcházština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%8D%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AC%E1%8B%B5_%E1%8A%96%E1%89%A4%E1%88%8D" title="አልፍሬድ ኖቤል – amharština" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አልፍሬድ ኖቤል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – staroangličtina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroangličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="ألفرد نوبل – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألفرد نوبل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="ألفريد نوبل – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ألفريد نوبل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="الفريد نوبل – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الفريد نوبل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%A8%27%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="আলফ্ৰেড ন'বেল – ásámština" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আলফ্ৰেড ন'বেল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásámština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – ajmarština" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ajmarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="آلفرد نوبل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلفرد نوبل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel" title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel – balijština" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel" title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфрэд Нобель – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Альфрэд Нобель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфрэд Нобэль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Альфрэд Нобэль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Алфред Нобел – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алфред Нобел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="আলফ্রেদ নোবেল – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলফ্রেদ নোবেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel" title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Нобель Альфред – čečenština" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нобель Альфред" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – cebuánština" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8E%D8%AF_%D9%86%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8E%D9%84" title="ئەلفرێد نۆبێل – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەلفرێد نۆبێل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – korsičtina" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – tatarština (krymská)" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatarština (krymská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BB%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%9D%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%BB" title="Άλφρεντ Νομπέλ – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άλφρεντ Νομπέλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="doporučený článek"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="آلفرد نوبل – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلفرد نوبل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – faerština" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – furlanština" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – fríština (západní)" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fríština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – skotská gaelština" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotská gaelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%86%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A1_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2" title="આલ્ફ્રેડ નોબેલ – gudžarátština" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="આલ્ફ્રેડ નોબેલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C" title="אלפרד נובל – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלפרד נובל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ़्रेद नोबेल – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अल्फ़्रेद नोबेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel" title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A4_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Ալֆրեդ Նոբել – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալֆրեդ Նոբել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BF_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%A7%D5%AC" title="Ալֆրետ Նոպէլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ալֆրետ Նոպէլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – ilokánština" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB" title="アルフレッド・ノーベル – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルフレッド・ノーベル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ალფრედ ნობელი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალფრედ ნობელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – karakalpačtina" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – kabylština" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – kikujština" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikujština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%8A_%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9B" title="អាល់ហ្វ្រិដ ណូបែល – khmérština" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាល់ហ្វ្រិដ ណូបែល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmérština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಆಲ್‌ಫ್ರೆಡ್ ನೊಬೆಲ್ – kannadština" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಲ್‌ಫ್ರೆಡ್ ನೊಬೆಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8" title="알프레드 노벨 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알프레드 노벨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfredus_Nobel" title="Alfredus Nobel – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alfredus Nobel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfr%C4%93ds_Nobels" title="Alfrēds Nobels – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Alfrēds Nobels" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल – maithiliština" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithiliština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Алфред Нобел – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алфред Нобел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BD" title="ആൽഫ്രഡ് നോബൽ – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആൽഫ്രഡ് നോബൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="आल्फ्रेड नोबेल – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आल्फ्रेड नोबेल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – maltština" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="အဲလ်ဖရက် နိုဘယ် – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဲလ်ဖရက် နိုဘယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="آلفرد نوبل – mázandaránština" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آلفرد نوبل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mázandaránština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – neapolština" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="neapolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अल्फ्रेड नोबेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="अल्फ्रेद नोबेल – névárština" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अल्फ्रेद नोबेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="névárština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel%E2%80%99" title="Alfred Nobel’ – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Alfred Nobel’" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%AB%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC_%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2" title="ଆଲଫ୍ରେଡ଼ ନୋବେଲ – urijština" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଲଫ୍ରେଡ଼ ନୋବେଲ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="urijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2" title="ਅਲਫ਼ਰੈਡ ਨੋਬਲ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਲਫ਼ਰੈਡ ਨੋਬਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – papangau" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="papangau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="الفریڈ نوبل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الفریڈ نوبل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%89_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="الفرېډ نوبل – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="الفرېډ نوبل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Нобель, Альфред – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нобель, Альфред" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D" title="आल्फ्रेड् नोबेल् – sanskrt" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आल्फ्रेड् नोबेल्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B0_%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱟᱞᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ – santálština" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱞᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – skotština" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%8A_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="الفريڊ نوبل – sindhština" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="الفريڊ نوبل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – somálština" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Алфред Нобел – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алфред Нобел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – sundština" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – slezština" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="slezština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆல்பிரட் நோபல் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆல்பிரட் நோபல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆల్‍ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్ – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆల్‍ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Алфред Нобел – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Алфред Нобел" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5" title="อัลเฟรด โนเบล – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลเฟรด โนเบล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – talyština" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84" title="ئالفېرد نوبىل – ujgurština" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئالفېرد نوبىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Альфред Нобель – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Альфред Нобель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84" title="الفریڈ نوبل – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الفریڈ نوبل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ალფრედ ნობელი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ალფრედ ნობელი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%93_%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C" title="אלפרעד נאבעל – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אלפרעד נאבעל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B7_%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%8D" title="ⴰⵍⴼⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ – tamazight (standardní marocký)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵍⴼⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight (standardní marocký)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE" title="諾貝爾 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="諾貝爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Alfred Nobel" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%B2%BB%E5%88%A9%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE" title="阿爾費利德·諾貝爾 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿爾費利德·諾貝爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23810#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">Alfred Nobel</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:AlfredNobel2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlfredNobel2.jpg/225px-AlfredNobel2.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlfredNobel2.jpg/338px-AlfredNobel2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/AlfredNobel2.jpg/450px-AlfredNobel2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1660" data-file-height="2102" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Rodné jméno</th><td><span class="wd"><span lang="sv">Alfred Bernhard Nobel</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Narození</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/21._%C5%99%C3%ADjen" title="21. říjen">21. října</a> <a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>,<br /><span style="display:none">Švédsko</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko"><img alt="Švédsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko">Švédsko</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Úmrtí</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/10._prosinec" title="10. prosinec">10. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1896" title="1896">1896</a> (ve věku 63 let)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>,<br /><span style="display:none">Italské království</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italsk%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Italské království"><img alt="Italské království" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italsk%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Italské království">Italské království</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Příčina úmrtí</th><td><span class="wd">krvácení do mozku</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Místo pohřbení</th><td class="label"><span class="wd">Severní hřbitov (od 1896; <span class="coordinates"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=cs&pagename=Alfred+Nobel&params=59.3562_N_18.0322_E_type:landmark"><span style="white-space:pre">59°21′22″ s. š.</span>, <span style="white-space:pre">18°1′56″ v. d.</span></a></span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Bydliště</th><td class="label"><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/16._pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEsk%C3%BD_obvod" title="16. pařížský obvod">16. pařížský obvod</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Povolání</th><td class="role"><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Chemik" title="Chemik">chemik</a>, průmyslník, filantrop, <a href="/wiki/Fotograf" title="Fotograf">fotograf</a>, zbrojař, inženýr a <a href="/wiki/V%C4%9Bdec" title="Vědec">vědec</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Ocenění</th><td><span class="wd">John Fritz Medal (1910)<br />Národní síň slávy vynálezců (1998)<br />důstojník Řádu sv. Mauricia a sv. Lazara<br /><a href="/wiki/Ryt%C3%AD%C5%99_%C5%98%C3%A1du_%C4%8Destn%C3%A9_legie" class="mw-redirect" title="Rytíř Řádu čestné legie">rytíř Řádu čestné legie</a><br />důstojník Řádu Jižního kříže<br />… více na <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23810#P166" class="extiw" title="d:Q23810">Wikidatech</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nábož. vyznání</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Ateismus" title="Ateismus">ateismus</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Rodiče</th><td><span class="wd">Immanuel Nobel<sup id="cite_ref-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> a <span class="wd"><span lang="en">Karolina Andriette Ahlsell</span><sup id="cite_ref-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Rod</th><td><span class="wd">(rodina) Nobel</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Příbuzní</th><td><span class="wd">Ludvig Nobel<sup id="cite_ref-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Robert Nobel<sup id="cite_ref-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a Emil Oskar Nobel</span> (sourozenci)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Podpis</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfred Nobel – podpis"><img alt="Alfred Nobel – podpis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg/128px-Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg/192px-Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg/256px-Alfred_Nobel_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="129" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logo Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alfred_Nobel" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Alfred Nobel">multimediální obsah</a></b> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size: smaller; white-space: nowrap;">Některá data mohou pocházet z <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23810" class="extiw" title="d:Q23810">datové položky</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Bernhard Nobel</b>, <span class="noexcerpt"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9dia:Sv-Alfred_Nobel.ogg" title="zvuk"><img alt="zvuk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/12px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/18px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/24px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Sv-Alfred_Nobel.ogg" class="internal" title="Sv-Alfred Nobel.ogg">výslovnost</a> (<a href="/wiki/21._%C5%99%C3%ADjen" title="21. říjen">21. října</a> <a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a> <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> – <a href="/wiki/10._prosinec" title="10. prosinec">10. prosince</a> <a href="/wiki/1896" title="1896">1896</a> <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">Sanremo</a>) byl <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Švédsko">švédský</a> chemik a vynálezce <a href="/wiki/Dynamit" title="Dynamit">dynamitu</a>. Na základě jeho závěti jsou každoročně udělovány <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_cena" title="Nobelova cena">Nobelovy ceny</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na jeho počest byl jeho jménem pojmenován chemický prvek <a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">nobelium</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Život"><span id=".C5.BDivot"></span>Život</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Život" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Život"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rodinné_zázemí"><span id="Rodinn.C3.A9_z.C3.A1zem.C3.AD"></span>Rodinné zázemí</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Rodinné zázemí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Rodinné zázemí"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Narodil se v bohaté <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">stockholmské</a> podnikatelské rodině. Byl třetím synem inženýra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Immanuel_Nobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Immanuel Nobel (stránka neexistuje)">Immanuela Nobela</a> (1801–1872) a Andriette Ahlsell Nobelové pocházející z bohaté rodiny. V době jeho narození však otec jako stavební podnikatel zbankrotoval a začal s výrobou střelného prachu. Po náhodném výbuchu, při kterém bylo pobořeno několik domů, musel utéct ze Švédska. Přestěhoval se do <a href="/wiki/Petrohrad" title="Petrohrad">Petrohradu</a>, kde vybudoval velkou zbrojařskou továrnu. </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg/170px-The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg/255px-The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/The_4_Nobel_brothers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption>Bratři Nobelové (po směru hodinových ručiček) Robert, Alfred, Ludvig a dítě Emil. Foto ze St. Petěrburgu (okolo 1843)</figcaption></figure> <p>Alfred Nobel měl velmi dobré soukromé vzdělání a v 17 letech mluvil nejen švédsky, ale také francouzsky, anglicky, německy a rusky. Měl veliké znalosti v oboru <a href="/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie">chemie</a>. Věnoval se literatuře a přírodním vědám. Své vzdělání dokončil v <a href="/wiki/Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Paříž">Paříži</a> a <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_st%C3%A1ty_americk%C3%A9" title="Spojené státy americké">USA</a>. </p><p>Na univerzitě v <a href="/wiki/Tur%C3%ADn" title="Turín">Turíně</a> pracoval v laboratoři známého chemika <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile-Jules_Pelouze" title="Théophile-Jules Pelouze">Théophila-Jules Pelouzea</a>. Tam také potkal italského chemika <a href="/wiki/Ascanio_Sobrero" title="Ascanio Sobrero">Ascania Sobrera</a>, který v roce 1847 vynalezl vysoce výbušnou kapalinu – <a href="/wiki/Nitroglycerin" title="Nitroglycerin">nitroglycerin</a>. Alfred Nobel se začal věnovat studiu výbušnin, zvláště problematice bezpečné výroby a manipulace s <a href="/wiki/Nitroglycerin" title="Nitroglycerin">nitroglycerinem</a>. Otec ho zaměstnal v tovární laboratoři a chtěl vyrábět nitroglycerin ve velkém pro zbrojařské účely. Syn s tím nesouhlasil, jeho využití viděl při budování silnic, železnic, průplavů. Došlo mezi nimi k roztržce a Alfred Nobel se v roce 1863 vrátil do Stockholmu, kde založil vlastní továrnu.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynamit">Dynamit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Dynamit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Dynamit"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V rodinné továrně v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helenborg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helenborg (stránka neexistuje)">Helenborgu</a> došlo k několika <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDbuch" title="Výbuch">explozím</a>. Při jedné z nich v roce 1864 zahynul Nobelův mladší bratr a několik dalších zaměstnanců.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ve Stockholmu byly veškeré pokusy s touto látkou zakázány. Nobel proto přesunul svou laboratoř na loď kotvící na jezeře <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4laren" title="Mälaren">Mälaren</a>. Výroba nitroglycerinu se úspěšně rozvíjela, o dodávky byl zájem po celém světě. Při manipulaci s ním však docházelo k různým katastrofám a sílil tlak veřejnosti na zákaz transportu. Tehdy se Nobel zapřísáhl, že učiní práci s nitroglycerinem bezpečnější. Jeho snaha byla nakonec úspěšná. V roce 1867 si nechal patentovat <a href="/wiki/Dynamit" title="Dynamit">dynamit</a>. Smíšením <a href="/wiki/Kapalina" title="Kapalina">kapalného</a> <a href="/wiki/Nitroglycerin" title="Nitroglycerin">nitroglycerinu</a> s hlinkou vytvořil tvarovatelnou hmotu, se kterou lze bezpečně manipulovat. Sestrojil také <a href="/wiki/Rozbu%C5%A1ka" title="Rozbuška">rozbušku</a>, která přivede kusy dynamitu k explozi. Rozbuška byla odpalována pomocí zápalné šňůry.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vynález měl velký úspěch a dynamit se stal žádaným zbožím. Během času Alfred Nobel vybudoval továrny na 90 místech ve více než 20 státech. Jedna z nich byla i v Čechách. V roce 1870 se osobně zúčastnil otevření továrny na dynamit v <a href="/wiki/Troja" title="Troja">Praze–Troji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Věnoval se rozvoji podnikání i rozvoji technologie výbušnin. Před svou smrtí vlastnil 355 <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patentů</a> a nashromáždil obrovský majetek. V roce 1884 byl zvolen členem <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A1_%C5%A1v%C3%A9dsk%C3%A1_akademie_v%C4%9Bd" title="Královská švédská akademie věd">Královské švédské akademie věd</a>. </p><p>Z dalších vynálezů lze jmenovat například <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trhav%C3%A1_%C5%BEelatina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trhavá želatina (stránka neexistuje)">trhavou želatinu</a> (vyrobena z nitroglycerinu a <a href="/wiki/St%C5%99eln%C3%A1_bavlna" class="mw-redirect" title="Střelná bavlna">střelné bavlny</a>, patentována rovněž roku 1867), později modifikovanou dalšími látkami. Velký význam měl bezdýmý střelný prach, založený opět na kombinaci nitroglycerinu, střelné bavlny a dalších látek. První verze se nazývala <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balistit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balistit (stránka neexistuje)">balistit</a>, pozdější, používaná dodnes, <a href="/wiki/Kordit" title="Kordit">kordit</a>. Ovlivnil vývoj syntetického kaučuku a umělé kůže, zdokonalil systémy techniky dálkové signalizace, poplašných zařízení aj. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24379176">.mw-parser-output blockquote.blockquote-framed{border:1px solid var(--border-color-divider,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);float:none;padding:10px 15px 10px 15px;display:table}.mw-parser-output blockquote.blockquote-framed p.citat-v-ramecku-foot{text-align:right}</style><blockquote class="blockquote-framed" style=""><div>„Moje továrny na dynamit zřejmě ukončí války dříve než všechny ty vaše kongresy. Ten den, kdy dva armádní sbory budou schopné zničit jeden druhého během sekundy, se všechny civilizované národy s hrůzou odvrátí od války a rozpustí své armády.“</div> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osobní_život"><span id="Osobn.C3.AD_.C5.BEivot"></span>Osobní život</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Osobní život" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Osobní život"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg/110px-Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg/165px-Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg/220px-Nobel%27s_death_mask.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Posmrtná maska</figcaption></figure> <p>Alfred Nobel měl většinu života křehké zdraví, trpěl zažívacími potížemi, bolestmi hlavy a depresemi. Později se projevila srdeční choroba (<a href="/wiki/Angina_pectoris" title="Angina pectoris">angina pectoris</a>). Projevoval značný zájem o medicínu a fyziologii. Když však v roce 1890 lékaři Nobelovi doporučili nitroglycerin jako lék na jeho srdeční chorobu, odmítl to. Nakonec utrpěl mrtvici, byl částečně ochrnutý a zemřel v <a href="/wiki/Sanremo" title="Sanremo">San Remu</a> 10. prosince 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Je pohřben na Severním hřbitově ve Stockholmu. </p><p>Nobel se nikdy neoženil, neměl žádné děti. Často se cítil osamělý a bez přátel. Strávil dlouhé hodiny v laboratoři, sám si vyřizoval korespondenci s továrnami, bankami a spolupracovníky. Hodně cestoval a neměl domov. V letech 1865 až 1873 žil a podnikal v <a href="/wiki/Hamburk" title="Hamburk">Hamburku</a>. Od roku 1875 žil v <a href="/wiki/Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Paříž">Paříži</a>, kde měl na avenue Malakoff (dnes avenue Raymond Poincaré) sídlo i s malou, dobře vybavenou laboratoří. V roce 1891 se po obvinění z velezrady přestěhoval do San Rema v Itálii. Příčinou bylo, že svůj nový vynález výbušniny nazvané balistit prodal Itálii. Ve 43 letech na základě inzerátu přijal jako sekretářku hraběnku Berthu Kinskou z Vídně, jejich vztah však trval jen krátce. Po návratu do Rakouska se provdala za hraběte Arthura von Suttnera. Navzdory tomu zůstali Alfred Nobel a <a href="/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttnerov%C3%A1" title="Bertha von Suttnerová">Bertha von Suttnerová</a> přáteli a po celá desetiletí si psali dopisy.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Poměrně málo známou skutečností je, že v roce 1896 napsal divadelní hru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nemesis_(Nobel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemesis (Nobel) (stránka neexistuje)">Nemesis</a>, která vyšla těsně před jeho smrtí.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hra byla označena za rouhačskou a málem se nedochovala. Psal také básně, které nikdy nenechal publikovat. Měl velkou soukromou knihovnu čítající více než 2000 knih. Celý život pěstoval hluboký zájem o anglické romantické básníky, především <a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">Shelleyho</a> a <a href="/wiki/George_Gordon_Byron" title="George Gordon Byron">Byrona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nobelova_cena">Nobelova cena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Nobelova cena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Nobelova cena"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote">Související informace naleznete také v článku <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_cena" title="Nobelova cena">Nobelova cena</a>.</div> <p>Alfred Nobel ve své závěti rozhodl, že jeho majetek bude vložen do fondu, z něhož bude každoročně udělována cena za významné vědecké objevy, literární tvorbu a zásluhy o mír ve světě. </p><p>Tato cena (resp. finanční odměna k ní) je vyplácena pouze z peněz ze závěti, kterou spravuje <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A1_%C5%A1v%C3%A9dsk%C3%A1_akademie_v%C4%9Bd" title="Královská švédská akademie věd">švédská Akademie věd</a> a Alfréd Nobel ji obdařil částkou 32 miliónů švédských korun. Ceny jsou vypláceny z úroků (asi 160 000 švédských korun). </p><p>Nobelova cena byla poprvé udělena v roce 1901, roku 1968 bylo přidáno i ocenění za ekonomii. Dnes je Nobelova cena obecně považována za nejvyšší ocenění, jakého může umělec, vědec nebo státník dosáhnout. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rodinný_archiv_Alfreda_Nobela"><span id="Rodinn.C3.BD_archiv_Alfreda_Nobela"></span>Rodinný archiv Alfreda Nobela</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Rodinný archiv Alfreda Nobela" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Rodinný archiv Alfreda Nobela"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V roce 2007 byl rodinný archiv Alfreda Nobela zařazen na seznam <a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%9Btov%C3%A9_d%C4%9Bdictv%C3%AD" title="Světové dědictví">světového dědictví</a> <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archiv se nachází v Mariebergu ve Stockholmu. V poznámkových blocích a korespondenci je možné den po dni sledovat činnost Alfreda Nobela, jeho projektů i sporů o patenty či jiná práva. Archiv obsahuje i dokumenty soukromého charakteru.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vila Nobel a přilehlá laboratoř v San Remu byly přeměněny na muzeum přístupné veřejnosti. Nobelovo muzeum bylo zřízeno v roce 2001 také ve Stockholmu na náměstí Stortorget. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57_1-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ad944246c624733c80d796d2c09ff742b0c02c57_1-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wd"><i><span lang="sv">Jakob och Johannes kyrkoarkiv, Födelse- och dopböcker, SE/SSA/0008/C I a/21 (1828-1844), bildid: C0054707_00124</span></i>. <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sok.riksarkivet.se/bildvisning/C0054707_00124#?cv=123&z=543.8215%2C2567.1661%2C3313.7983%2C2116.4241&c=&m=&s=&xywh=688%2C2681%2C2445%2C1655">Dostupné online</a></span>. [cit. 2018-04-22].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85_2-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-76a75c0454454bdc16610d02a8f683c87c5f0b85_2-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="wd"><i><span lang="sv">Alfred B Nobel</span></i>. <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sok.riksarkivet.se/Sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=8143">Dostupné online</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobel. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-12-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2F&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-4"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">e</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">JÍLEK, František. <i>Přemožitelé času sv. 1</i>. Příprava vydání Milan Codr. Praha: Mezinárodní organizace novinářů, 1987. Kapitola Alfred Nobel, s. 95–99.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=P%C5%99emo%C5%BEitel%C3%A9+%C4%8Dasu+sv.+1&rft.aulast=J%C3%ADlek&rft.aufirst=Franti%C5%A1ek&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+organizace+novin%C3%A1%C5%99%C5%AF&rft.date=1987&rft.pages=95%E2%80%9399"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">NOVÁKOVÁ, Jolana. Na otevření pražské továrny na dynamit přijel sám Alfred Nobel. <i>Rádio DAB Praha</i> [online]. 2018-04-26 [cit. 2022-12-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dabpraha.rozhlas.cz/na-otevreni-prazske-tovarny-na-dynamit-prijel-sam-alfred-nobel-7297742">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=R%C3%A1dio+DAB+Praha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdabpraha.rozhlas.cz%2Fna-otevreni-prazske-tovarny-na-dynamit-prijel-sam-alfred-nobel-7297742&rft.atitle=Na+otev%C5%99en%C3%AD+pra%C5%BEsk%C3%A9+tov%C3%A1rny+na+dynamit+p%C5%99ijel+s%C3%A1m+Alfred+Nobel&rft.date=2018-04-26&rft.aulast=Nov%C3%A1kov%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Jolana"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobel’s health and his interest in medicine. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-12-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-health-and-his-interest-in-medicine/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2Falfred-nobels-health-and-his-interest-in-medicine%2F&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel%E2%80%99s+health+and+his+interest+in+medicine"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobel – his life and work. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-12-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobel-his-life-and-work/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2Falfred-nobel-his-life-and-work%2F&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel+%E2%80%93+his+life+and+work"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobel – the poet. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-03-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobel-the-poet/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2Falfred-nobel-the-poet%2F&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel+%E2%80%93+the+poet"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobel – the poet. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-12-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobel-the-poet/">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Falfred-nobel%2Falfred-nobel-the-poet%2F&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobel+%E2%80%93+the+poet"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> The Alfred Nobel Family Archives | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. <i>www.unesco.org</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-07-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/memory-of-the-world/register/full-list-of-registered-heritage/registered-heritage-page-8/the-alfred-nobel-family-archives/">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.unesco.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fnew%2Fen%2Fcommunication-and-information%2Fmemory-of-the-world%2Fregister%2Ffull-list-of-registered-heritage%2Fregistered-heritage-page-8%2Fthe-alfred-nobel-family-archives%2F&rft.atitle=The+Alfred+Nobel+Family+Archives+%7C+United+Nations+Educational%2C+Scientific+and+Cultural+Organization"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Alfred Nobels arkiv. <i>Riksarkivet</i> [online]. [cit. 2020-07-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://riksarkivet.se/alfred-nobels-arkiv">Dostupné online</a>. (švédsky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Riksarkivet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Friksarkivet.se%2Falfred-nobels-arkiv&rft.atitle=Alfred+Nobels+arkiv"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Galerie <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" class="extiw" title="c:Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alfred_Nobel" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wikiquote"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Osoba </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" class="extiw" title="q:Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikicitátech</span></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel/alfred-nobel/biographical/life-work">Životopis Alfreda Nobela na Nobelprize.org (anglicky)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.converter.cz/nobel/nobel.htm">Životopis Alfreda Nobela na Converter.cz (česky)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607210013/http://www.nobelmuseetikarlskoga.se/index.php/home">Museum Alfreda Nobela v Karlskoze (anglicky)</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 th,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title{background-color:#e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{background-color:#e7e7e7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-abovebelow{background-color:#f0f0f0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}</style><div role="navigation" class="navbox2" aria-labelledby="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23810#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox2-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23810#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" scope="row" class="navbox2-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autoritn%C3%AD_kontrola" title="Autoritní kontrola">Autoritní data</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23810#identifiers" title="Editovat na Wikidatech"><img alt="Editovat na Wikidatech" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox2-list navbox2-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bibliografie_d%C4%9Bjin_%C4%8Cesk%C3%BDch_zem%C3%AD" title="Bibliografie dějin Českých zemí">Biblio</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblio.hiu.cas.cz/records/41a019f2-0afc-4620-b555-5f757cce3a30">41a019f2-0afc-4620-b555-5f757cce3a30</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_republiky" title="Národní knihovna České republiky">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000720196">jn20000720196</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90094214">90094214</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Chile" title="Národní knihovna Chile">BNC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000068710">000068710</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C5%A0pan%C4%9Blska" title="Národní knihovna Španělska">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1049083">XX1049083</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Francouzská národní knihovna">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125092450">cb125092450</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125092450">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Katalog_jmen_a_n%C3%A1zv%C5%AF_d%C4%9Bl_Katal%C3%A1nska" title="Katalog jmen a názvů děl Katalánska">CANTIC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058509127806706">981058509127806706</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118588370">118588370</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_centrale_per_il_catalogo_unico_delle_biblioteche_italiane_e_per_le_informazioni_bibliografiche" title="Istituto centrale per il catalogo unico delle biblioteche italiane e per le informazioni bibliografiche">ICCU</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/PUVV346000">PUVV346000</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_standardn%C3%AD_identifik%C3%A1tor_jm%C3%A9na" title="Mezinárodní standardní identifikátor jména">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121290017">0000 0001 2129 0017</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/KulturNav" title="KulturNav">KulturNav</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/60819a87-7a50-46bb-9116-2d883fa7e4aa">60819a87-7a50-46bb-9116-2d883fa7e4aa</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81147736">n81147736</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Loty%C5%A1sk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Lotyšská národní knihovna">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000024521&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000024521</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MBA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/c13a0f24-c61b-476d-8565-0350505c320c">c13a0f24-c61b-476d-8565-0350505c320c</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_parlamentn%C3%AD_knihovna_Japonska" title="Národní parlamentní knihovna Japonska">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621216">00621216</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Australsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Australská národní knihovna">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35389036">35389036</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%98eck%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Řecká národní knihovna">NLG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record234554">234554</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Izraele" title="Národní knihovna Izraele">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265900305171">987007265900305171</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Koreje" title="Národní knihovna Koreje">NLK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librarian.nl.go.kr/LI/contents/L20101000000.do?id=KAC199635682">KAC199635682</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Polská národní knihovna">NLP</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/a0000001181186">a0000001181186</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nizozemsk%C3%A1_kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A1_knihovna" title="Nizozemská královská knihovna">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071400427">071400427</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Polská národní knihovna">PLWABN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810623205305606">9810623205305606</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">SELIBR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/196150">196150</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6hx1gtq">w6hx1gtq</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Slovenská národní knihovna">SNK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autority.snk.sk/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=151267">151267</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Univerzitn%C3%AD_syst%C3%A9m_dokumentace" title="Univerzitní systém dokumentace">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/034326340">034326340</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trove" title="Trove">Trove</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/935313">935313</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vatik%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_apo%C5%A1tolsk%C3%A1_knihovna" title="Vatikánská apoštolská knihovna">VcBA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_196008">495/196008</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/241927177">241927177</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat Entities</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJq6X3JchJ9RBrj3mVF7pP">E39PBJq6X3JchJ9RBrj3mVF7pP</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16915398">.mw-parser-output div/**/#portallinks a{font-weight:bold}</style><div id="portallinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Obsah" title="Portál:Obsah">Portály</a>: <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Chemie" title="Portál:Chemie">Chemie</a> | <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Lid%C3%A9" title="Portál:Lidé">Lidé</a> | <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko" title="Portál:Švédsko">Švédsko</a> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&oldid=24320187">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Nobel&oldid=24320187</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C4%8Clenov%C3%A9_Kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A9_%C5%A1v%C3%A9dsk%C3%A9_akademie_v%C4%9Bd" title="Kategorie:Členové Královské švédské akademie věd">Členové Královské švédské akademie věd</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Nobelova_cena" title="Kategorie:Nobelova cena">Nobelova cena</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C5%A0v%C3%A9d%C5%A1t%C3%AD_podnikatel%C3%A9" title="Kategorie:Švédští podnikatelé">Švédští podnikatelé</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C5%A0v%C3%A9d%C5%A1t%C3%AD_chemici" title="Kategorie:Švédští chemici">Švédští chemici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C5%A0v%C3%A9d%C5%A1t%C3%AD_vyn%C3%A1lezci" title="Kategorie:Švédští vynálezci">Švédští vynálezci</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C5%A0v%C3%A9d%C5%A1t%C3%AD_filantropov%C3%A9" title="Kategorie:Švédští filantropové">Švédští filantropové</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Osobnosti_na_rumunsk%C3%BDch_po%C5%A1tovn%C3%ADch_zn%C3%A1mk%C3%A1ch" title="Kategorie:Osobnosti na rumunských poštovních známkách">Osobnosti na rumunských poštovních známkách</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Narozen%C3%AD_v_roce_1833" title="Kategorie:Narození v roce 1833">Narození v roce 1833</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Narozen%C3%AD_21._%C5%99%C3%ADjna" title="Kategorie:Narození 21. října">Narození 21. října</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Narozen%C3%AD_ve_Stockholmu" title="Kategorie:Narození ve Stockholmu">Narození ve Stockholmu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9Amrt%C3%AD_v_roce_1896" title="Kategorie:Úmrtí v roce 1896">Úmrtí v roce 1896</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9Amrt%C3%AD_10._prosince" title="Kategorie:Úmrtí 10. prosince">Úmrtí 10. prosince</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9Amrt%C3%AD_v_Sanremu" title="Kategorie:Úmrtí v Sanremu">Úmrtí v Sanremu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Zem%C5%99el%C3%AD_na_c%C3%A9vn%C3%AD_mozkovou_p%C5%99%C3%ADhodu" title="Kategorie:Zemřelí na cévní mozkovou příhodu">Zemřelí na cévní mozkovou příhodu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Nositel%C3%A9_%C5%98%C3%A1du_%C4%8Destn%C3%A9_legie" title="Kategorie:Nositelé Řádu čestné legie">Nositelé Řádu čestné legie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Nositel%C3%A9_%C5%98%C3%A1du_pol%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_hv%C4%9Bzdy" 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