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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Esplech" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Descripcion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descripcion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Descripcion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descripcion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perennitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perennitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Perennitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perennitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pels_umans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pels_umans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pels umans</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pels_umans-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Pels umans</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pels_umans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energia_non_animala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energia_non_animala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Energia non animala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energia_non_animala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Èime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Èime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Èime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Èime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pels_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pels_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pels animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pels_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vejatz_tanben" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vejatz_tanben"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vejatz tanben</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Vejatz tanben</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connèxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connèxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Articles connèxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connèxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligams_extèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Ligams extèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Esplech</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 118 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-118" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">118 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereedskap" title="Gereedskap - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gereedskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferramienta" title="Ferramienta - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ferramienta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8Dl" title="Tōl - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Tōl" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="أداة - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أداة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferramienta" title="Ferramienta - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ferramienta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C9%99t" title="Alət - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA" title="آلت - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Інструмент - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інструмент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Инструмент - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Инструмент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="ကိရိယာႏ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကိရိယာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="সরঞ্জাম - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সরঞ্জাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BC%8D" title="ལག་ཆ། - tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལག་ཆ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benveg" title="Benveg - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Benveg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estri" title="Estri - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estri" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%83-s%C4%AD-hu%C4%83" title="Gă-sĭ-huă - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gă-sĭ-huă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himan" title="Himan - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Himan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ئامراز - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئامراز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alet" title="Alet - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Alet" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1stroj" title="Nástroj - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nástroj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A6rkt%C3%B8j" title="Værktøj - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Værktøj" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werkzeug" title="Werkzeug - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Werkzeug" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF" title="Εργαλείο - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εργαλείο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool" title="Tool - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tool" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laborilo" title="Laborilo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Laborilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herramienta" title="Herramienta - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Herramienta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6riist" title="Tööriist - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tööriist" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tresna" title="Tresna - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tresna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achiperri" title="Achiperri - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Achiperri" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ابزار - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ty%C3%B6kalu" title="Työkalu - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Työkalu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BC%C3%BCriist" title="Tüüriist - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tüüriist" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyaragi" title="Iyaragi - fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Iyaragi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outil" title="Outil - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Outil" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werktj%C3%BCch/%C3%B6%C3%B6" title="Werktjüch/öö - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Werktjüch/öö" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ark" title="Ark - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ark" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uirlis" title="Uirlis - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uirlis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outi" title="Outi - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Outi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferramenta" title="Ferramenta - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ferramenta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayan_aiki" title="Kayan aiki - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kayan aiki" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%99" title="כלי - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="उपकरण - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपकरण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zouti" title="Zouti - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Zouti" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szersz%C3%A1m" title="Szerszám - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szerszám" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Գործիք - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գործիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utensile" title="Utensile - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Utensile" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utensilo" title="Utensilo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Utensilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkf%C3%A6ri" title="Verkfæri - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Verkfæri" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attrezzo" title="Attrezzo - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Attrezzo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%85%B7" title="道具 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="道具" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuul" title="Tuul - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Tuul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Құрал - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құрал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಪರಿಕರಗಳು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪರಿಕರಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%AC" title="도구 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toul" title="Toul - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Toul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentum" title="Instrumentum - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Instrumentum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereidsjap" title="Gereidsjap - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gereidsjap" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnes" title="Arnes - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Arnes" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AErankis" title="Įrankis - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Įrankis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darbar%C4%ABks" title="Darbarīks - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Darbarīks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Алат - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="ഉപകരണം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉപകരണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="Багаж - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Багаж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC" title="ကိရိယာ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကိရိယာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raaive" title="Raaive - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Raaive" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="औजार - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="औजार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%83" title="ज्याभः - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ज्याभः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereedschap" title="Gereedschap - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gereedschap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reiskap" title="Reiskap - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Reiskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkt%C3%B8y" title="Verktøy - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Verktøy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94ti" title="Ôti - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Ôti" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6" title="ਸੰਦ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੰਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasangkapan" title="Kasangkapan - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kasangkapan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narz%C4%99dzie" title="Narzędzie - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Narzędzie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8E%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سَند - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سَند" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferramenta" title="Ferramenta - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ferramenta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruwalla" title="Ruwalla - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ruwalla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A2l%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Hâlăți - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hâlăți" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%94" title="Орудиє - Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Орудиє" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Инструмент - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Инструмент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Инштрумент - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Инштрумент" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BF" title="Сэп - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сэп" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnisi" title="Arnisi - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Arnisi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اوزار - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اوزار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool" title="Tool - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tool" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1stroj" title="Nástroj - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nástroj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orodje" title="Orodje - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Orodje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chombo_Chebasa" title="Chombo Chebasa - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chombo Chebasa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjeti" title="Mjeti - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mjeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat" title="Alat - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Alat" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verktyg" title="Verktyg - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Verktyg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zana" title="Zana - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Zana" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/sakaluk" title="sakaluk - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="sakaluk" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கோல் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="పనిముట్టు - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పనిముట్టు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Афзор - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Афзор" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="เครื่องมือ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครื่องมือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasangkapan" title="Kasangkapan - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kasangkapan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%CA%BBang%C4%81ue" title="Meʻangāue - tongalès" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Meʻangāue" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alet" title="Alet - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Корал - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Корал" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Інструмент - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інструмент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اوزار - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوزار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbob" title="Asbob - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Asbob" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%A5ng_c%E1%BB%A5" title="Dụng cụ - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dụng cụ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloam" title="Aloam - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aloam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usteye" title="Usteye - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Usteye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasangkapan" title="Kasangkapan - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kasangkapan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%9F" title="家生 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="家生" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92" title="געצייג - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="געצייג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongdawz" title="Hongdawz - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Hongdawz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="工具 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="工具" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ke-si" title="Ke-si - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ke-si" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%B6%E7%94%9F" title="架生 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="架生" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esplech" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Esplech&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esplech"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bóstia d'aisinas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bóstia d'aisinas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aisinas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai d'opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Esplech"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=history"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generau </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_ligadas/Esplech" title="Lista de las paginas ligadas a aquesta. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Paginas connèxas</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguit_dels_ligams/Esplech" rel="nofollow" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments de las paginas ligadas a aquesta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seguit dels ligams</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=oc" title="Mandar un imatge o fichièr mèdia sul servidor [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Importar un fichièr</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_especialas" title="Lista de totas las paginas especialas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paginas especialas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&oldid=2120427" title="Ligam permanent cap a aquesta version de la pagina"><span>Ligam permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=info" title="Mai d’informacion sus aquesta pagina"><span>Informacion sus la pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Esplech&id=2120427&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacions sus cossí citar aquesta pagina"><span>Citar aqueste article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEsplech"><span>Obténer una URL acorchida</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEsplech"><span>Telecargar lo còdi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir / exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Esplech"><span>Crear un libre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Esplech&action=show-download-screen"><span>Telecargar coma PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&printable=yes" title="Version imprimibla d'aquesta pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimibla</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dins d'autres projèctes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tools" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39546" title="Ligam cap a l’element de referencial de las donadas connectadas [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p>Un <b>esplech</b> (var. <b>espleit, asplech, otís , aisina</b> ) es un instrument fisic utilizat per un <a href="/wiki/Vida" title="Vida">èsser vivant</a> dirèctament, o mejans una <a href="/wiki/Maquina" title="Maquina">maquina</a>, per d'exercir una accion mai sovent mecanica, o termica, sus un element d'environament de tracatr (matèria bruta, objècte acabat o mièjacabat, èsse vivant, etc). Melhora l'eficacitat de las accions entrepresas o dona accès a d'accions impossibles autrament. Fòrça provesisson un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avantatge_mecanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avantatge mecanic (la pagina existís pas)">avantatge mecanic</a> foncionant segon lo principi d'una <a href="/wiki/Maquina_simpla" title="Maquina simpla">maquina simpla</a> coma — entre autres — lo palfèr. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descripcion">Descripcion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Descripcion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Descripcion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Hammer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hammer.jpg/200px-Hammer.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hammer.jpg/300px-Hammer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Hammer.jpg/400px-Hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Un <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%A8l_(espleit)" title="Martèl (espleit)">martèl</a> del fustièr, amb una partida "pè de craba" que foncion es d'arrancar de clavèls.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'esplech pòt se comprene coma un perlongament de la man, del còrs, un intermediari de l'action, veire coma una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prot%C3%A8si_(medecina)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protèsi (medecina) (la pagina existís pas)">protèsi</a> dins lo sens ont remplaça (o quitament crea) un membre o un organ (e mai, <i>το ὄργανον</i> significa en grèc esplèch). Per <a href="/wiki/Michel_Serres" title="Michel Serres">Michel Serres</a>, l'Òme es un animal despecializat e l'esplech que perlonga sa man l'especializa en particular. </p><p>Per extension, lo tèrme d'esplech o aisina pòt s'aplicar a d'objècte virtuals: </p> <ul><li>esplech o aisina informatic(a): las aplicacions d'envergura limitada a un pretzfach especific,</li> <li>esplech o aisina linguistic(a): las aplicacions de tipe <a href="/wiki/Diccionari" title="Diccionari">diccionari</a> de lenga o <a href="/wiki/Traduccion_automatica" title="Traduccion automatica">traductor</a>,</li> <li>esplech o aisina matematic(a): una nocion utilizada de biais recurrent per far capitar de rasonaments o resòlvre de problèmas.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perennitat">Perennitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Perennitat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Perennitat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La causida d'una matèria o d'una forma per un objècte acabat, per lo far capable de realizar sa foncion, pasmens ne fa pas un espelech. Un <a href="/wiki/Clav%C3%A8l" title="Clavèl">clavèl</a>, per exemple, objècte acabat de la forma estudiada, fabricat dins la matèria que cal, es per tan pas un esplech, al contrari lo <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%A8l_(espleit)" title="Martèl (espleit)">martèl</a> que lo planta n'es. L'esplech, es un objècte que après aver servit, torna dins la caissa d'esplechs. Lo clavèl, el, demora dins l'objècte que realiza lo ligam. </p><p>Los esplechs rudimentaris o primitius complisson mal aquesta caracteristica. Per exemple, lo caminaire promeneur que culhís una nos e la romp amb una pèira (potencialament un esplech). Mas, quitament abandonada, tornant pas dins un caissa d'esplech, la pèira a gardat sa capacitat « cachanoses » mas es « desfinalizada ». Una nos encontrada mai luènh utilizarà una autra pèira. Se las pèiras se fan raras, lo caminaire conservarà aquesta qu'acabarà per encontrar, e aquí lo començament d'un espelch alara qu"abans èra puslèu un instrument. A l'autra extremitat, lo sistèma economic (veire <a href="/wiki/Societat_de_consomacion" title="Societat de consomacion">societat de consomacion</a>) tend a far l'espelech mai efemèr possible (veire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obsolesc%C3%A9ncia_programada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obsolescéncia programada (la pagina existís pas)">Obsolescéncia programada</a>). L'esplech « getable » tornan a caissa de las bordilhas puslèu que dels esplechs fa sa caracterizacion d'esplech dificila. </p><p>L'esplech de quin biais que siá vielhís e acaba a las bordilhas, per çò que se pòt nomenar d'un biais general l'usadura. Usadure mai o mens rapia<span></span>: del cisèl sue la lama diminuís a cada afustatge, mas que dura d'annadas, a la cinta de seguretat de las veituras que « s'usa » (se destiba definitivament) a la primièra sollicitation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pels_umans">Pels umans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Pels umans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Pels umans"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se pensava que l'uman èra lo sol a realizar d'aisinas sofisticadas, a los gardar entre dos usatges e a los far evoluar dins lo <a href="/wiki/Temps" title="Temps">temps</a>. se dich a vegada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homo_faber_(filosofia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homo faber (filosofia) (la pagina existís pas)">Homo faber</a> per soslinhar aquesta caracteristica essenciala de l'Òme. Pasmens la descobèrte, en 2015, dels esplech mai ancians jamai descobèrts e datats de 3,3 milions d'annadas<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, es a dire 500.000 ans abans l'arribada supausada del <a href="/wiki/Homo" title="Homo">genre Homo</a> que sembla aver aparegut al <a href="/wiki/Plioc%C3%A8n" title="Pliocèn">Pliocèn</a>, fa unes 2,8 milions d'annadas<sup id="cite_ref-Monde_1650684_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monde_1650684-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, torna fòrça la question sus aquesta teoria. </p><p>Los esplech pòdon èsser utilizat coma d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">armas</a> son de segur d'entre los primièrs que l'Òme aja fabricats. En mai de lor importança intrinsèca per la subrevida e la proteccion de l'<a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8cia_(biologia)" title="Espècia (biologia)">espècia</a>, aquestes espech an la particularitat de poder èsser utilizats caminato corrent, fàcia a un enemic o al percaç d'une presa, donc depè, alara que los autres esplech primitius podan èsser utilizadas qonque en posicion setada o al mens estatica. Atal, l'estacion depè, l'especializacion dels membres, e lo desvelopament de la <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a> de l'Òme, son benlèu ligats a l'aptitud a la violéncia de sos aujòls (aquò es una <a href="/wiki/Ipot%C3%A8si" title="Ipotèsi">ipotèsi</a> discutada, veire per exemple la teoria de l'origina costièra de l'Òme, que constituís una autra ipotèsi). </p><p>Dempuèi que vivon, en grop, puèi en <a href="/wiki/Societat" title="Societat">societat</a>, los umans se partetjèron los pretzefachs e donc s'epecializèron sovent en foncion de leurs aptituds, naturalas o aqueridas, o dels besonhs del moment. Aquesta organizacion permtèt a l'umanitat de conservar, de transmetre, e donc de far evoluar las <a href="/wiki/Tecnica" title="Tecnica">tecnicas</a> de fabricacion dels espelechs. Lo desvolopament de l'esplech es una marsa de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sedentarizacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedentarizacion (la pagina existís pas)">sedentarizacion</a> dles pòble: le <a href="/wiki/Nomadisme" title="Nomadisme">nomadisme</a> impausa en efièch una restriccion en volum, en pès e en quantitat d'objecte de transportar. Es donc plan possible d'imatginar que lo-passatge de <a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%A7aire-culheire" title="Caçaire-culheire">caçaire-culeire</a> a aqueste de l'<a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricultor</a> o <a href="/wiki/Elevatge" class="mw-redirect" title="Elevatge">elevaire</a> se relizèron dons lo mèsme periòde. Se pòt efectivament pensar que l'agricultura demandèt d'esplechs aisidament voluminoses, al mèsme temps que la sedentaritat, fasent lor conservacion e reütilizacion possibla, fasiá « rendabla » lor fabricacion e lor desvolopament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energia_non_animala">Energia non animala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Energia non animala" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Energia non animala"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alara que los primièrs esplechs creats demandavan une manipulacion umana, intervenguèt enseguida l'energia animala, puèi d'espelchs foncionant amd una energia non animala: pla segur la molina o lo molin d'aura. Per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Grinevald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Grinevald (la pagina existís pas)">Jacques Grinevald</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Sadi_Carnot_(fisician)" title="Sadi Carnot (fisician)">revolucion carnociana</a> que mena lo capvirament dins una <i>societat termoindustriala</i> amb l’utilizacion massissa de l’energia fossila (<a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">casrbon</a> puèi <a href="/wiki/Petr%C3%B2li" title="Petròli">petròli</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> constituí una estapa decisiva. Ara la « poténcia del fuòc » permet l'aveniment d'una <a href="/wiki/Maquina" title="Maquina">maquina</a> novèla, bastida a l'entorn d'un <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motor</a> e que constituís une <i>bifurcacion dins l'istòria de l'esplech</i>, permetent de s'afranquir de la fòrça motritz de l'Òme, de l'animal, dels elements naturals, e de lors limitas e caractèr aleatòri. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Èime"><span id=".C3.88ime"></span>Èime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Èime" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Èime"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg/220px-Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg/330px-Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg/440px-Lezyne_Carbon_10_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6328" data-file-height="4746" /></a><figcaption>Un sistèma multiesplechs.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'esplech es un mejan que permet a son utilizaire un aprochament amb son <a href="/wiki/Desir" title="Desir">desir</a>. L'Òme atal passèt dels esplechs perlongaments de sos movements (la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma%C3%A7uga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maçuga (la pagina existís pas)">maçuga</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Arc" title="Arc">arc</a>, le laser, etc.), a d'esplech automatizats podent foncionar sens sa presencia (los <a href="/wiki/Rob%C3%B2t" title="Robòt">robòts</a>, las <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maquina-esplach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maquina-esplach (la pagina existís pas)">maquinas-esplechs</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a>) perlongant atal sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volontat_(folosafia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volontat (folosafia) (la pagina existís pas)">volontat</a>. </p><p>Dins la mesura lo plaser provòca un apasiment en nodaltre, l'acompliment d'aqueste es supausat èsser facilitat per l'esplech. Aquesta idèa se basa pasmens sus la crecença que la realizacion de totes sos desirs es de voler: atal l'<i>Esplech Suprèma</i> seriá aqueste que a l'extrèma « feriá çò que se voldriá sonque en i pensant », alara que l'istòria montrèt qu'es l'usatge que determina lo benfach d'un esplech, mai que lo quita esplech: armament, medicacion, etc. Aquesta volontat d'acompliment dels desirs per l'esplech demora pasmens un principi que faguèt la fòrça de l'<i>Homo sapiens</i>, e de segur de sos aujòls. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pels_animals">Pels animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Pels animals" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Pels animals"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg/150px-Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg/225px-Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg/299px-Gorrila_tool_use-Efi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2138" data-file-height="5036" /></a><figcaption>Una femna gorilha utilizant un esplech (aquí un pal) per s'estabilizar dins una zona paludenca e atal recampar de sa man liura de las erbas aquaticas (<a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Fòrça d'antropològs consideran que l'usatge d'esplech, facilitat per la <a href="/wiki/Bipedia" title="Bipedia">bipedia</a>, joguèt un ròtle determinant dins lo desvelopament de la linhada umanas. Pasmens l'observacion mòntra que diferentas espècias d'<a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">animals</a> (subretot de l'òrdre dels <a href="/wiki/Primates" title="Primates">primates</a> que fan partit los <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" title="Homo sapiens">umans</a>, mas tanben d'<a href="/wiki/Aus%C3%A8l" title="Ausèl">ausèls</a>, las <a href="/wiki/Loira" title="Loira">loiras</a> de mar e tanben unes insèctes coma la formiga corduriera -<i>Œcophylla</i>-) n'utilizan. </p><p>Atal se pòt observar de <a href="/wiki/Monard" title="Monard">monards</a> utilizar: </p> <ul><li>de pals per trapar de fruchs, d'<a href="/wiki/Insecta" title="Insecta">insèctes</a> o mesurar la prigondor d'una sompa per saber se la pòdon passar</li> <li>de pèiras per rompre des <a href="/wiki/Notz" title="Notz">noses</a> o coquilhum</li></ul> <p>Pasmens, s'agís sonque d'« esplechs rudimentaris », d'escasença e non perennes, donc puslèu simplament d'« instrument », coma indicat al paragraf precedent. Mas: </p> <ul><li>L'abitacion de fòrça especias animalas constituís una veraia « fabricacion finalizada », a vegada perenne coma lo nis d'unes ausèls (que tornan a lor nis d'una annada sus l'autre)</li> <li>las restancas dels <a href="/wiki/Vibre" title="Vibre">vibres</a> pòdon dificilament èsser considerat coma d'« esplech rudimentaris »<span></span>: quitament se ne son al vejaire foncional, son perennes e subretot entretenguts.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sciences et avenir, 20 mai 2015, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/archeo-paleo/20150415.OBS7280/on-aurait-decouvert-les-plus-anciens-outils-au-monde.html">3,3 millions d'années : on a découvert les plus anciens outils au monde</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monde_1650684-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Monde_1650684_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2015/03/04/paleontologie-une-mandibule-africaine-vieillit-le-genre-humain-de-400-000-ans_4587481_1650684.html">http://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2015/03/04/paleontologie-une-mandibule-africaine-vieillit-le-genre-humain-de-400-000-ans_4587481_1650684.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J.Grinevald, « La révolution carnotienne : thermodynamique, économie et idéologie », Revue européenne des sciences sociales, n°36, 1976 <i>in</i> Alain Gras – Fragilité de la puissance.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vejatz_tanben">Vejatz tanben</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Vejatz tanben" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Vejatz tanben"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jean C. Baudet, <i>De l'outil à la machine</i>, Paris, Vuibert, 2003.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connèxes"><span id="Articles_conn.C3.A8xes"></span>Articles connèxes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Articles connèxes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Articles connèxes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligams_extèrnes"><span id="Ligams_ext.C3.A8rnes"></span>Ligams extèrnes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Ligams extèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esplech&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Ligams extèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esplech&oldid=2120427">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esplech&oldid=2120427</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Esplech" title="Categoria:Esplech">Esplech</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Tecnologia" title="Categoria:Tecnologia">Tecnologia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 29 abril de 2019 a 18.41.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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