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style="float:left;width:190px;height:260px;overflow:hidden;"><a href="http://www.rttoday.cn" target="_blank" title="今日轨道交通"><img src="/tep/2017/01/10-090357de1op.png" style="float:left;width:190px;height:260px;overflow:hidden;" alt="今日轨道交通" /></a></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">$(function () { $("#SngSlide3").slides({ play: 5000,pause: 2000 }); });</script></div> <div class="m4"> </div> </div> <div class="dr"> <div class="m1"><div class="m11"></div></div> <div class="m2"> <div class="diy1">工程造价概预算审核工作探讨</div> <div class="diy2">来源:中铁十八局集团一公司 作者:罗斌扬 发布时间:2013年03月28日</div> <div class="diy3"><p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"> </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">工程概预算审查的意义</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于合理确定工程造价及有效地控制工程概预算</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">加强投资计划管理、合理分配投资资金。设计概算的偏高或偏低</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都会影响工程造价的控制</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">也会影响投资计划的真实性</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">影响投资资金的合理分配。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于促进概预算编制对国家有关规定和费用严格执行</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">从而提高编制水平和质量。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于促进设计的技术先进性和经济合理性的有机的结合。审查后的工程概预算的技术经济指标</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是工程建设指标的综合反映</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">以此可以看出设计方案是否合理、技术是否先进。并由此促进设计方案的更新。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.4 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于控制建设规模、标准</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确保项目投资准确、完整。减少投资缺口</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有多少钱办多少事</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">或者讲</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">办多少事花多少钱。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.5 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于为建设资金的落实提供可靠的依据</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不留缺口</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有助于提高项目的投资效益。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">1.6 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">有利于积累和分析各项技术经济指标</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">发现设计中的薄弱环节、找出关键问题</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">提高设计水平。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"> </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">工程概预算审核工作的特点</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核是委托专业行为</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不是行政、司法行为:</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程建设项目概预算审核</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是随着工程造价体制改革的发展</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建筑市场的不断完善</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在工程建设经济领域中因委托而产生、后来逐步发展的一种工程投资控制专业行为。是一种具有明显中介咨询服务性质的行为。是专业咨询机构向委托人提供的工程造价专业的咨询服务。重点是向委托单位或行政主管部门提供一种技术服务或工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不是行政、司法行为不论政府、普通的业主、还是参与建设的各方</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程建设项目都需要概预算审核工作的中介行为</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">以确保其公正公平性。这是标准委托专业行为</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不是行政、司法行为。尽管有些概预算审核机构隶属于政府机构或由政府机构指定</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">但为了保证审查的公正公平</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">概预算审核机构也必须将自己尽可能地置于中介的位置</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">才能客观、实事求是地保证审查结果的准确性</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">保证项目的可实施性。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是一种专业技术工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">其中体现更多的是工作者的责任和义务</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程建设项目的与工程造价相关的主要工作内容</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">包括建设项目投资策划、编制项目建议书与可行性研究报告、建设项目投资估算及建设项目财务评价</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">编制或审核工程概预算、竣工结</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">决</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">算、项目后评估</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">项工程中招投标策划</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">编制或审核工程招标文件、招标标底、投标报价、施工合同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建设项目各阶段工程概预算的确定、控制及合同管理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">含工程索赔的管理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">、工程概预算的签证、工程概预算的信息工程概预算及其它相关的工程概预算服务。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">由此可知</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">只是工程造价工作的一个内容。属于一种纯职业专业技术工作。工程概预算编制</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是一种工程“计价”工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">俗话讲</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">就是算账。而工程概预算审核就是从投资角度考虑</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对这种“计价”工作从政策、技术、规范、规定等多方面进行论证及组合</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">以期求得科学、合理、准确的工程投资费用组成。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">因此</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">概算编制与审查都是工程建设过程中的重要的技术工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">任何一个造价工作者都应该本着对国家或上级部门、业主或投资者、参与工程建设各方负责、本着对工程建设负责</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">本着一种敬业精神、尽一个造价工作者的责任和义务。工程造价工作者必须站在客观的、公正的立场上</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">以科学的态度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">严谨的作风</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">实事求是</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">认真地执行国家的法规</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确定工程概预算。工程概预算审核工作更多的是一份责任、一份和义务</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至可以说是法律责任</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不能将其视为赋予自己的权利。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核的工作核心是“审”而不是“编”</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算的“编”、“审”分离</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是工程造价体制改革中的一个发展方向</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是工程投资控制中的两个阶段</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是由不同单位在不同的时间完成的。工程概预算的编制与审核工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">虽然都是工程造价工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">委托单位</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">人</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都是一个</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">采用的依据都相同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">但是由于其处的位置、角度和出发点不同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">其工作的重心或称工作的核心内容是不同的。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算的编制工作的重心在“编”</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是根据设计文件</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">依据相关规范和标准</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">从设计角度对工程可能发生的费用进行工程概预算编制</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是设计文件的重要组成部分。工程概预算的审核工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工作的中心是“审”。是审核单位</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">人</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">站在客观的角度或公正的方面</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">或更高的层面</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">吸取更多的经验和综合知识</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对已经编制完成的工程概预算进行审定核实工作。工作中尤其应该分清“编”、“审”工作的区别。有个别从事多年概预算审查的同志</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">喜欢自己编制工程概预算</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">这样一来往往忽略了“审”重要意义</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至忽略了“审”的重要工作内容</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">如“编”、“审”后的概预算的区别、各类指标的综合分析等重要关键环节</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">从而失去了审查的意义。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.4 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核人员只是一个执行者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不是决策者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不论工程概预算是编制还是审核</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都要严格按照实事求是的原则</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">按照客观规律</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">依照法律法规、规范规定进行工作。工程概预算审核人员在其工作中</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">尽管和编制人员处的位置不同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">尽管要在审核过程中决定一些事情</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">但是</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还是同编制人员一样</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都是一个执行者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">反映在</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">:</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.4.1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都要执行国家或地方政府的有关法律、法规、政策和规范。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.4.2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都要执行上级部门或业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">投资者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">的意见和要求。尤其在项目的建设规模、内容和标准方面。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.4.3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都要执行项目前期工作的有关批复意见。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.4.4 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都要执行设计文件。不论工程概预算是编制还是审核</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">设计文件</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">尤其是审定同意后的设计文件</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是一个最基本的依据。之所以项目要编制和审核工程概预算</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">就是有项目的个体基本特性决定</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而不是市场定价所决定的。受委托单位</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">人员</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">将审核结果</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">作为一种建议意见</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">提交上级部门或业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">投资者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) , </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">由上级部门或业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">投资者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">来决策。真正的决策者应该是上级部门</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">领导</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">或业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">投资者</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">2.5 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核只是投资控制的一个手段</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">审核结果只是一个控制目标</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不是最后的控制结果</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">更不是最后工程决算工程造价控制</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是把建设工程造价的发生控制在批准的工程概预算限额以内</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">随时纠正发生的偏差</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">以求在各个建设项目中能合理使用人力、物力、财力</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">保证项目管理目标的实现</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">取得较好的投资效益。是建设项目在投资决策、设计、发包和实施阶段全过程的控制。而工程概预算审核结果</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">只是工程建设前期工作中</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">为工程造价控制的目标值提供依据。由于工程项目建设的复杂性</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在整个建设过程中</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不可见因素非常多</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">随时随地都可能发生人力、物力、财力的变化</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至是项目的调整</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">加之目前我国对投资控制管理还缺少科学性</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">管理手段、信息交流手段落后</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">定额也跟不上现代新技术、新设备、新材料、新工艺的发展的要求。常会出现投资失控的情况。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">因此</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程造价控制是一种全过程的控制</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">其目标值也会随时变化</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">所以将一次的审核结果</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">作为最后的控制结果</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至认为是最后的竣工结算</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是非常不正确的。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"> </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">提高审查质量</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">抓好概预算审查工作的重点环节</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">领导</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">高度重视</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">充分理解和信任概预算审核人员</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">随着建设市场运行机制的建立</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建设管理体制的完善</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">我国已经逐步实行了对概预算执业人员执业行为准则和职业道德行为准则的规范化管理。要求从业人员“客观、公正、合理”和“诚信为本</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">操守为重”</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">并对执业操作规程、执行工程合同示范文本等行规行约做了进一步的规范</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建立了监督、检查制度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对违反行业行规、违规的工程造价咨询单位和执业造价师实行行业惩戒或处罚制度。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对于工程概预算审查工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不论是业主还是审核人员</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在工程投资控制方面</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">目标都是一致的。然而</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">由于涉及到经济利益的关系</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">概预算审查工作就不仅仅是从技术角度就能解决的问题</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还涉及到多专业、多部门、多方面需要共同解决的问题。因此</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在工程概预算审核中</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不论上级主管部门</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">( </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">业主</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">) </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">或是执业部门负责人</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都需要充分认识到本项工作的重要意义</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对概预算审查工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">予以高度重视和关心</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对概预算审核人员给予充分的理解和信任。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">规范工程概预算审核人员执业道德精神</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不断提高执业水平和素质</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是确保审核质量的关键,工程概预算审核人员是指根据委托方的要求和工程项目情况</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">用自己的专业知识为项目工程概预算问题进行审核活动的专业人员。工程建设项目概预算审核其公正、准确程度不是取决于工程概预算审核人员行政权利的大小</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">而是取决于工程概预算审核人员的职业道德水平和技术实力</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">这是保证审核质量的关键工程概预算人员必须要具备以下基本素质</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">:</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.2.1 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算审核人员首先要具备较高的职业道德水准</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">科学严谨的态度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">虚心好学的精神</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">强烈的责任感</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">客观、公正地审查工程概预算</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">能在工作和学习中不断地提高能力和水平。具有实事求是的工作作风</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">能深入实际</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">开展调查研究</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">随时掌握第一手资料。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.2.2 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">具有工程概预算编制及审核方面的专门知识和技能。具备协调各专业之间的关系、处理复杂问题的综合能力。保证工程概预算审核的准确程度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确保费用的合理组成。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.2.3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">应具备专业工程师、和经济师等多方面的专业知识</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还应具备一定的法律知识</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">并有较强的市场观念。作为合格的工程造价师</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">其专业知识应是对方面的</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不仅要掌握工程计量、计价等知识</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还要懂建筑构造、工程材料</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">要熟悉工艺技术、施工规范和施工程序、要有法律知识等等。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.3 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">坚持审查原则</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">制定控制措施</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">规范审查程序</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">充分重视工程概预算审查工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">要建立严格的规章制度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建立严格的审查程序</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">重视过程管理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">规范审核程序。对工程概预算审核过程进行层层把关</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">让审查过程始终处于公开、透明状态。特别是在审查总体原则上把好关</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">并抓好量、价审查等重点环节。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.4 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确保良好的信息沟通</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">掌握第一手资料</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">为概预算审查工作提供最准确的信息</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">让概预算审查人员充分掌握第一手的资料</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是确保概预算审核人员做好概预算审查工作的基础保证。尤其是从投资者的角度来看</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建立公正的信息交流制度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">保证信息流通的对等性</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对项目的顺利实施</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对概预算审查工作都是非常重要的。尤其最重要的是</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在这一个阶段</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">一定要明确</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">到底是根据投资额来确定建设的项目、标准呢</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">? </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还是按照建设项目内容、标准来确定投资额。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.5 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">认真收集、整理资料</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确保审核依据充分</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">完备、有效的资料是得出客观、真实、可信的结论的保证</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">因此</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">这也是做好工程概预算审核工作的基础。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">收集的资料主要包括</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">: </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程设计图纸</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">设计变更</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">施工组织设计</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程验收记录</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">现场身份证</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">建设工程施工合同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">各种补充协议</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">材料、设备采购发标及加工定货合同</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程预、结算书</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">现场勘察记录</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">会议纪要</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">适用定额</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">取费标准及国家有关结算文件等。招投标项目的要求提供中标通知书</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">招标文件</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">经过审查的工程标底等相关资料。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对收集到资料进行整理、分类。经整理后的各类资料要认真阅读</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">仔细分析</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">通过对资料的分析并结合工程实际情况</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">确定可行的审核方法。在采用有关资料时</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">审核人员除遵循实事求是的原则外</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还应本着既要公平合理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">又要切实可行</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">尽最大可能再现和反映工程事实和工程概预算的合理。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">3.6 </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">强化工程概预算的预审制度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">注意审核工作的方式方法</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程概预算的预审</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">是一个非常重要的审查预备工作</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">不仅决定正式审查的方向和方法</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">还决定着设计方案是否需要重新修改的问题</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">即设计文件能不能达到审查的条件。作为一个合格的工程概预算审核人员</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">要带着问题去审查</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">要在阅读和分析完所收集到的资料后</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">判断大致出现问题的方面。如</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">: </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">指标是否基本恰当</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">方案是否基本合理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">设计依据是否充分</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">执行的有关文件是否正确</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">定额的使用是否正确</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">价格采用的是否合理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程量计算有可能重叠的部位</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">工程类别的确定、材料的市场价是否正确等。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">同时注意审查时的工作方式和方法</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">注重审查时的语气和态度</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">一定要对“事”不对“人”</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">注重依据</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">注重原则</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">; </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">由于“审”与“被审”的心理差异较大</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">如果采用的方式方法不妥</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至用语不妥</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">都会造成被审查者产生一种逆反心理</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">将审查引入误区</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">甚至出现审查结果无法执行的局面</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">,</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">反而造成投资控制失去意义。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;">4.结束语</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;font-weight:bold;"></span> </p> <p style="text-align:left;text-indent:24pt;" class="p0"> <span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">结合作者多年的工作实践经验</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">在分析基本建设工程概预算审查工作的意义、特点的基础上</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">, </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;">对如何做好工程概预算审查工作提出了自己的认识。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';color:#000000;font-size:12pt;"></span> </p></div> <div class="diy4"> </div> </div> <div class="m3"> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="d2 Footer"><div class="dbox"><div class="dmain"><div class="nav"><a href="/about/about.aspx">关于我们</a>|<a href="/about/copyright.aspx">版权声明</a>|<a href="/about/privacy.aspx">隐私声明</a>|<a 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