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<ul id="toc-Content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prologue_[Vorrede]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prologue_[Vorrede]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Prologue [<span><i>Vorrede</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prologue_[Vorrede]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_1:_The_Protest_[Der_Protest]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_1:_The_Protest_[Der_Protest]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Chapter 1: The Protest [<span><i>Der Protest</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_1:_The_Protest_[Der_Protest]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_2:_The_Unliterary_Country_[Das_unliterarische_Land]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_2:_The_Unliterary_Country_[Das_unliterarische_Land]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Chapter 2: The Unliterary Country [<span><i>Das unliterarische Land</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_2:_The_Unliterary_Country_[Das_unliterarische_Land]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_3:_Civilisation's_Literary_Man_[Der_Zivilisationsliterat]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_3:_Civilisation's_Literary_Man_[Der_Zivilisationsliterat]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Chapter 3: Civilisation's Literary Man [<span><i>Der Zivilisationsliterat</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_3:_Civilisation's_Literary_Man_[Der_Zivilisationsliterat]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_4:_Soul-Searching_[Einkehr]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_4:_Soul-Searching_[Einkehr]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Chapter 4: Soul-Searching [<span><i>Einkehr</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_4:_Soul-Searching_[Einkehr]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_5:_Burgherly_Nature_[Bürgerlichkeit]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_5:_Burgherly_Nature_[Bürgerlichkeit]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Chapter 5: Burgherly Nature [<span><i>Bürgerlichkeit</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_5:_Burgherly_Nature_[Bürgerlichkeit]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_6:_"Against_Justice_and_Truth"_["Gegen_Recht_und_Wahrheit"]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_6:_"Against_Justice_and_Truth"_["Gegen_Recht_und_Wahrheit"]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Chapter 6: "Against Justice and Truth" [<span><i>"Gegen Recht und Wahrheit"</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_6:_"Against_Justice_and_Truth"_["Gegen_Recht_und_Wahrheit"]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_7:_Politics_[Politik]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_7:_Politics_[Politik]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Chapter 7: Politics [<span><i>Politik</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_7:_Politics_[Politik]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_8:_On_Virtue_[Von_der_Tugend]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_8:_On_Virtue_[Von_der_Tugend]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Chapter 8: On Virtue [<span><i>Von der Tugend</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_8:_On_Virtue_[Von_der_Tugend]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_9:_Some_Comments_on_Humanity_[Einiges_über_Menschlichkeit]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_9:_Some_Comments_on_Humanity_[Einiges_über_Menschlichkeit]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Chapter 9: Some Comments on Humanity [<span><i>Einiges über Menschlichkeit</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_9:_Some_Comments_on_Humanity_[Einiges_über_Menschlichkeit]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_10:_On_belief_[Vom_Glauben]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_10:_On_belief_[Vom_Glauben]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Chapter 10: On belief [<span><i>Vom Glauben</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_10:_On_belief_[Vom_Glauben]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_11:_On_Aestheticism_[Ästhetische_Politik]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_11:_On_Aestheticism_[Ästhetische_Politik]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>Chapter 11: On Aestheticism [<span><i>Ästhetische Politik</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_11:_On_Aestheticism_[Ästhetische_Politik]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_12:_Irony_and_Radicalism_[Ironie_und_Radikalismus]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_12:_Irony_and_Radicalism_[Ironie_und_Radikalismus]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>Chapter 12: Irony and Radicalism [<span><i>Ironie und Radikalismus</i></span>]</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_12:_Irony_and_Radicalism_[Ironie_und_Radikalismus]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_modern_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_modern_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legacy and modern reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_modern_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen" title="Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsideroj_de_nepolitikulo" title="Konsideroj de nepolitikulo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Konsideroj de nepolitikulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Considerazioni_di_un_impolitico" title="Considerazioni di un impolitico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Considerazioni di un impolitico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/En_opolitisk_mans_betraktelser" title="En opolitisk mans betraktelser – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="En opolitisk mans betraktelser" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bir_Apolitik_D%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCnce" title="Bir Apolitik Düşünce – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bir Apolitik Düşünce" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1918 work by Thomas Mann</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man&rft.author=%5B%5BThomas+Mann%5D%5D&rft.date=1918&rft.pub=%5B%5BS.+Fischer+Verlag%5D%5D&rft.place=%5B%5BGerman+Empire%5D%5D&rft_id=info:oclcnum/3512292"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg/220px-Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg/330px-Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg/440px-Thomas_Mann_Betrachtungen_eines_Unpolitischen_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2488" data-file-height="3433" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">1918 first edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original title</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Translator</th><td class="infobox-data">Walter D. Morris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">German</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/S._Fischer_Verlag" title="S. Fischer Verlag">S. Fischer Verlag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Publication date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1918</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Published in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1983</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)"><abbr title="Online Computer Library Center number">OCLC</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3512292">3512292</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Decimal_Classification" title="Dewey Decimal Classification">Dewey Decimal</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">838.91</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/LCC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCC (identifier)"><abbr title="Library of Congress Classification">LC Class</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">PT2625.A44 B513</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Original text</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ia600200.us.archive.org/15/items/betrachtungenein00mannuoft/betrachtungenein00mannuoft.pdf">Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen</a></i></span> at <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Translation</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reflectionsofnon00mannrich">Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen</i>) is a non-fiction work by German author <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a> published in 1918. Unlike his brother <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Mann" title="Heinrich Mann">Heinrich</a>, Thomas Mann supported the German war effort during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. The book, which runs to almost six hundred pages, defends the authoritarianism and "culture" of Germany against the "civilization" of the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a>. It served to justify and distinguish his conservative political stance from that of his more liberally oriented brother.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writing_and_publication_history">Writing and publication history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Writing and publication history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thomas Mann – like many of his fellow German writers – had a positive attitude towards the German war effort during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. In three essays written after the outbreak of the war in 1914 – <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gedanken_im_Kriege&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gedanken im Kriege (page does not exist)">Gedanken im Kriege</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedanken_im_Kriege" class="extiw" title="de:Gedanken im Kriege">de</a>]</span></i> ("Thoughts in Wartime" [August/September 1914]), <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gute Feldpost</i></span> ("Good News from the Front" [October 1914]) and <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Friedrich und die große Koalition</i></span> ("Frederick and the Great Coalition" [September to December 1914]) – he defended German warfare and first promulgated his support for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideen_von_1914&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ideen von 1914 (page does not exist)">Ideas of 1914</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideen_von_1914" class="extiw" title="de:Ideen von 1914">de</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKunicki20216_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKunicki20216-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a> and other French authors criticised this literary support for Germany and in particular the support of the <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1914)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1914)">German invasion of neutral Belgium</a>. Rolland from time to time also criticised Mann personally for his pro-war stance and substantiated this reproach in the essay <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Les Idoles</i></span>, which was later published as part of the essay collection <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Au-dessus_de_la_m%C3%AAl%C3%A9e_(texte)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Au-dessus de la mêlée (texte) (page does not exist)">Au-dessus de la mêlée</a> </i><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au-dessus_de_la_m%C3%AAl%C3%A9e_(texte)" class="extiw" title="fr:Au-dessus de la mêlée (texte)">fr</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this essay he criticised Thomas Mann's militarism and ill-advised fanaticism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This reproach was a major impulse for Mann to begin writing the <i>Reflections</i>; he specifically answered Rolland in the chapter called "Against Justice and Truth".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the summer of 1915 onwards, he started to arrange his material to support Germany in intellectual and cultural terms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The impulse for authoring the book was intensified by an essay on <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a> written by his brother <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Mann" title="Heinrich Mann">Heinrich Mann</a>, which appeared in <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Schickele" title="René Schickele">René Schickele's</a> pacifist journal <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Wei%C3%9Fen_Bl%C3%A4tter" title="Die Weißen Blätter">Die Weißen Blätter</a></i> in autumn 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann19151312_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann19151312-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This essay contained swipes at his unnamed brother and painted him as a patriotic propagandist.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the scholar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Kurzke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Kurzke (page does not exist)">Heinrich Kurzke</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Kurzke" class="extiw" title="de:Heinrich Kurzke">de</a>]</span>, this essay caused Thomas Mann to expand his material from a mere essay into a whole book.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010150_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010150-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing_process">Writing process</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Writing process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The writing (fall 1915 to February 1918)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <i>Reflections</i> has been divided into four phases by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Honold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Honold (page does not exist)">Alexander Honold</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Honold" class="extiw" title="de:Alexander Honold">de</a>]</span>: first, the beginning of the drafting process in the wake of Thomas Mann's war essays in the second half of 1915; second, his engagement with the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zivilisationsliteraten</i></span> ("Civilization's Literary Men") and the elaboration of the dichotomy between "culture" and "civilisation", which deals with his brother after the publication of the Zola essay; third, the long discussion of a set of typological dichotomies; finally, the incorporation of aesthetic considerations (for example, the discussion of <a href="/wiki/Hans_Pfitzner" title="Hans Pfitzner">Hans Pfitzner</a>'s opera <a href="/wiki/Palestrina_(opera)" title="Palestrina (opera)"><i>Palestrina</i></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The writing ended with the drafting of the prologue in February 1918, which gives commentary on the overall layout of the book.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Publication_history_and_translations">Publication history and translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publication history and translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The book was published shortly before the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">armistice</a> in October 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not translated into English during Thomas Mann's lifetime. According to Tobias Boes, the non-translation of the work during his lifetime was intentional on Mann's part due to chauvinistic content of the book which could have led to his abandonment by the American public.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201920_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201920-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first English translation by Walter D. Morris under the title <i>Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</i> was published in 1983 by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Ungar_Publishing_Company" title="Frederick Ungar Publishing Company">Frederick Unger Publishing Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehnertWessell2004XII_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehnertWessell2004XII-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This translation was republished in 2021 as a <a href="/wiki/NYRB_Classics" class="mw-redirect" title="NYRB Classics">NYRB Classic</a> with an introduction by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lilla" title="Mark Lilla">Mark Lilla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motifs">Motifs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Motifs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</i> has been recognised as a wartime treatise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKunicki202110_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKunicki202110-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thomas Mann saw his work as "intellectual military service" in the confrontation between German "culture" and French and British "civilisation".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201953_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201953-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Beha" title="Christopher Beha">Christopher Beha</a> argues that the central <a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">motif</a> of the <i>Reflections</i> is the dichotomy between "civilization" and "culture". Civilization, according to Thomas Mann, "involves reason, enlightenment, moderation, moral education, skepticism". Culture represents the opposite for him, namely "the sublimation of the demonic".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeha2021-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He assaults Civilization’s Literary Men (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zivilisationsliteraten</i></span>), because they treat "culture as a means, rather than an end in itself."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeha2021-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #154E9D; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_Germany" title="Category:Conservatism in Germany">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#154E9D; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Germany" title="Conservatism in Germany"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism in Germany</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg/80px-Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg/120px-Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg/160px-Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichsadler_1889.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1286" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_conservatism_in_Germany" title="Agrarian conservatism in Germany">Agrarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordoliberalism" title="Ordoliberalism">Ordo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritter_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritter School">Ritter School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_German-speaking_countries" title="Monarchism in German-speaking countries">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_nationalism" title="German nationalism">Nationalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_nationalism" title="Völkisch nationalism"><i>Völkisch</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Rechte" title="Neue Rechte">Neue Rechte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternalistic_conservatism" title="Paternalistic conservatism">Paternalistic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_Socialism_(Germany)" title="State Socialism (Germany)">State Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussianism" title="Prussianism">Prussianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_cameralism" class="mw-redirect" title="Prussian cameralism">Cameralistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Prussian socialism">Socialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Revolution" title="Conservative Revolution">Revolutionary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Revolution#Young_conservatives" title="Conservative Revolution">Young</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Romanticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_Hegelians" title="Right Hegelians">Right-Hegelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Historical_School" class="mw-redirect" title="German Historical School">Historical School</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authority" title="Authority">Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_values" title="Christian values">Christian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duty" title="Duty">Duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">Elitism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_nobility" title="German nobility">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinschaft_and_Gesellschaft" title="Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft"><i>Gemeinschaft</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geopolitik" title="Geopolitik">Geopolitik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanisation" title="Germanisation">Germanisation</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Heimat" title="Heimat">Heimat</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_colonial_empire" title="German colonial empire">Imperialism</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/In_Treue_fest" title="In Treue fest">In Treue fest</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Germany" title="Culture of Germany">Kultur</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism#Germany" title="Monarchism">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organicism#In_politics_and_sociology" title="Organicism">Organicism</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_theology#Germany" title="Political theology">Political theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_virtues" title="Prussian virtues">Prussian virtues</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sittlichkeit" title="Sittlichkeit">Sittlichkeit</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_stratification" title="Social stratification">Social hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sonderweg" title="Sonderweg">Sonderweg</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity" title="Subsidiarity">Subsidiarity</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Volk" title="Volk">Volk</a></i></span> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Geist#Volksgeist" title="Geist">Volksgeist</a></i></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_New_Year%27s_Eve_sexual_assaults_in_Germany" title="2015–16 New Year's Eve sexual assaults in Germany">2015–16 New Year's Eve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Mannheim_stabbing" title="2024 Mannheim stabbing">2024 Mannheim stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_July_plot" title="20 July plot">20 July plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Socialist_Laws" title="Anti-Socialist Laws">Anti-Socialist Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlsbad_Decrees" title="Carlsbad Decrees">Carlsbad Decrees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erkl%C3%A4rung_2018" title="Erklärung 2018"><i>Erklärung</i> 2018</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Reich" title="German Reich">German <i>Reich</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_Manifesto" title="Heidelberg Manifesto">Heidelberg Manifesto</a></i></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Historikerstreit" title="Historikerstreit">Historikerstreit</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junker_(Prussia)" title="Junker (Prussia)">The Junkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Bavaria_after_1918" title="Monarchism in Bavaria after 1918">Monarchism in Bavaria after 1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oster_conspiracy" title="Oster conspiracy">Oster conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George-Kreis" title="George-Kreis">George-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weimar_culture#Berlin's_reputation_for_decadence" title="Weimar culture">Perceived Weimar decadence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipzig_school_(sociology)" title="Leipzig school (sociology)">Leipzig school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_movement" title="Völkisch movement">Völkisch movement</a> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Wandervogel" title="Wandervogel">Wandervogel</a></i></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Freyer" title="Hans Freyer">Freyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Georg_Gadamer" title="Hans-Georg Gadamer">Gadamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_August_Graf_von_Galen" title="Clemens August Graf von Galen">von Galen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Gehlen" title="Arnold Gehlen">Gehlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gogarten" title="Friedrich Gogarten">Gogarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_G%C3%B6rres" title="Joseph Görres">Görres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_Hamann" title="Johann Georg Hamann">Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Heidegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried Herder">Herder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hielscher" title="Friedrich Hielscher">Hielscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Hildebrand" title="Dietrich von Hildebrand">von Hildebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%BCnger" title="Ernst Jünger">Jünger (Ernst)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Georg_J%C3%BCnger" title="Friedrich Georg Jünger">Jünger (Friedrich)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kantorowicz" title="Ernst Kantorowicz">Kantorowicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Klages" title="Ludwig Klages">Klages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Kommerell" title="Max Kommerell">Kommerell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhart_Koselleck" title="Reinhart Koselleck">Koselleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_L%C3%B6with" title="Karl Löwith">Löwith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_L%C3%BCbbe" title="Hermann Lübbe">Lübbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Moeller_van_den_Bruck" title="Arthur Moeller van den Bruck">Moeller van den Bruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_M%C3%BCller" title="Adam Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Nolte" title="Ernst Nolte">Nolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Pieper" title="Josef Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmuth_Plessner" title="Helmuth Plessner">Plessner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_von_Ranke" title="Leopold von Ranke">von Ranke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Reck-Malleczewen" title="Friedrich Reck-Malleczewen">Reck-Malleczewen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ritter" title="Gerhard Ritter">Ritter (Gerhard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Ritter" title="Joachim Ritter">Ritter (Joachim)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6pke" title="Wilhelm Röpke">Röpke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_R%C3%BCstow" title="Alexander Rüstow">Rüstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_von_Salomon" title="Ernst von Salomon">von Salomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Scheler" title="Max Scheler">Scheler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schelsky" title="Helmut Schelsky">Schelsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel" title="Friedrich Schlegel">Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Peter_Sieferle" title="Rolf Peter Sieferle">Sieferle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloterdijk" title="Peter Sloterdijk">Sloterdijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Sombart" title="Werner Sombart">Sombart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Spaemann" title="Robert Spaemann">Spaemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Steinbuch" title="Karl Steinbuch">Steinbuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_T%C3%B6nnies" title="Ferdinand Tönnies">Tönnies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Treitschke" title="Heinrich von Treitschke">von Treitschke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Weber" title="Alfred Weber">Weber</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Addresses_to_the_German_Nation" title="Addresses to the German Nation">Addresses to the German Nation</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1806)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elements_of_the_Philosophy_of_Right" title="Elements of the Philosophy of Right">Elements of the Philosophy of Right</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1820)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Degeneration_(Nordau)" title="Degeneration (Nordau)">Degeneration</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1892)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ressentiment_(book)" title="Ressentiment (book)">Ressentiment</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1912)</span></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1918)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Decline_of_the_West" title="The Decline of the West">The Decline of the West</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1918, 1922)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ideology_and_Utopia" title="Ideology and Utopia">Ideology and Utopia</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1929)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man_and_Technics" title="Man and Technics">Man and Technics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1931)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Concept_of_the_Political" title="The Concept of the Political">The Concept of the Political</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1932)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Marble_Cliffs" title="On the Marble Cliffs">On the Marble Cliffs</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diary_of_a_Man_in_Despair" title="Diary of a Man in Despair">Diary of a Man in Despair</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1947)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Questionnaire_(Salomon_novel)" title="The Questionnaire (Salomon novel)">The Questionnaire</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1951)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fascism_in_Its_Epoch" title="Fascism in Its Epoch">Fascism in Its Epoch</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1963)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Envy:_A_Theory_of_Social_Behavior" title="Envy: A Theory of Social Behavior">Envy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1966)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moral_und_Hypermoral" title="Moral und Hypermoral">Moral und Hypermoral</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1969)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Germany_Abolishes_Itself" title="Germany Abolishes Itself">Germany Abolishes Itself</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2010)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Finis_Germania" title="Finis Germania">Finis Germania</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Anrich" title="Ernst Anrich">Anrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Aust" title="Stefan Aust">Aust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_M._Broder" title="Henryk M. Broder">Broder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Deschner" title="Günther Deschner">Deschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Herman" title="Eva Herman">Herman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrud_H%C3%B6hler" title="Gertrud Höhler">Höhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Krause_Landt" title="Andreas Krause Landt">Krause Landt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Kuby" title="Gabriele Kuby">Kuby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_L%C3%B6wenthal" title="Gerhard Löwenthal">Löwenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Maschke" title="Günter Maschke">Maschke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golo_Mann" title="Golo Mann">Mann (Golo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhart_Maurer" title="Reinhart Maurer">Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Nagel" title="Tilman Nagel">Nagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Nebel" title="Gerhard Nebel">Nebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Otte" title="Max Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akif_Pirin%C3%A7ci" title="Akif Pirinçci">Pirinçci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Rainer_R%C3%B6hl" title="Klaus Rainer Röhl">Röhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Safranski" title="Rüdiger Safranski">Safranski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thilo_Sarrazin" title="Thilo Sarrazin">Sarrazin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_von_Schrenck-Notzing" title="Caspar von Schrenck-Notzing">von Schrenck-Notzing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimo_Schwilk" title="Heimo Schwilk">Schwilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Stein" title="Dieter Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botho_Strauss" title="Botho Strauss">Strauss (Botho)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCrmer" title="Michael Stürmer">Stürmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Tichy" title="Roland Tichy">Tichy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Wei%C3%9Fmann" title="Karlheinz Weißmann">Weißmann</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Adenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ancillon" title="Friedrich Ancillon">Ancillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Barschel" title="Uwe Barschel">Barschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">von Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_von_Bose" title="Herbert von Bose">von Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Fehrenbach" title="Constantin Fehrenbach">Fehrenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Filbinger" title="Hans Filbinger">Filbinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_von_Gerlach" title="Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach">von Gerlach</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Goerdeler" title="Carl Friedrich Goerdeler">Goerdeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Held" title="Heinrich Held">Held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg" title="Paul von Hindenburg">von Hindenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hugenberg" title="Alfred Hugenberg">Hugenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Jongen" title="Marc Jongen">Jongen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Jung" title="Edgar Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Kapp" title="Wolfgang Kapp">Kapp</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Kohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Krah" title="Maximilian Krah">Krah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk">von Krosigk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Lengsfeld" title="Vera Lengsfeld">Lengsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Georg_Maa%C3%9Fen" title="Hans-Georg Maaßen">Maaßen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">von Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frauke_Petry" title="Frauke Petry">Petry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_von_Radowitz" title="Joseph von Radowitz">von Radowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Rauschning" title="Hermann Rauschning">Rauschning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Sch%C3%A4ffer" title="Fritz Schäffer">Schäffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sch%C3%A4ffler" title="Frank Schäffler">Schäffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">von Schleicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Friedrich_Karl_vom_und_zum_Stein" title="Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein">vom und zum Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Stresemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Friedrich_Karl_vom_und_zum_Stein" title="Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein">vom Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Stoecker" title="Adolf Stoecker">Stoecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_von_Storch" title="Beatrix von Storch">von Storch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Strauss" title="Franz Josef Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Wagener" title="Hermann Wagener">Wagener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Weidel" title="Alice Weidel">Weidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuno_von_Westarp" title="Kuno von Westarp">von Westarp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II" title="Wilhelm II">Wilhelm II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Winnig" title="August Winnig">Winnig</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Jurists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernst-Wolfgang_B%C3%B6ckenf%C3%B6rde" title="Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde">Böckenförde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Gierke" title="Otto von Gierke">von Gierke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justus_M%C3%B6ser" title="Justus Möser">Möser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Carl_von_Savigny" title="Friedrich Carl von Savigny">von Savigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Julius_Stahl" title="Friedrich Julius Stahl">Stahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Wackenroder" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder">Wackenroder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Wagener" title="Hermann Wagener">Wagener</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tz_Kubitschek" title="Götz Kubitschek">Kubitschek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Sabaditsch-Wolff" title="Elisabeth Sabaditsch-Wolff">Sabaditsch-Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Seibt" title="Naomi Seibt">Seibt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claus_von_Stauffenberg" title="Claus von Stauffenberg">von Stauffenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCrzenberger" title="Michael Stürzenberger">Stürzenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_von_Thurn_und_Taxis" title="Elisabeth von Thurn und Taxis">von Thurn und Taxis (Elisabeth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_von_Thurn_und_Taxis" title="Gloria von Thurn und Taxis">von Thurn und Taxis (Gloria)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(AfD)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavaria_Party" title="Bavaria Party">Bavaria Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(BP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_Deutschland" title="Bündnis Deutschland">Bündnis Deutschland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(BD)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union of Germany</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_in_Bavaria" title="Christian Social Union in Bavaria">Christian Social Union in Bavaria</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CSU)</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Germany)" title="Centre Party (Germany)">Centre Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_Democratic_Party" title="Ecological Democratic Party">Ecological Democratic Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(ÖDP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Party_of_Germany" title="Family Party of Germany">Family Party of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(Germany)" title="The Republicans (Germany)">The Republicans</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(REP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Values_Union" title="Values Union">Values Union</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(WU)</span></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_People%27s_Party" title="Bavarian People's Party">Bavarian People's Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(BVP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Prussia)" title="Conservative Party (Prussia)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Conservative_Party" title="Free Conservative Party">Free Conservative Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(FKP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Conservative_Party" title="German Conservative Party">German Conservative Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(DkP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Freedom_Party" title="German Freedom Party">German Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_National_People%27s_Party" title="German National People's Party">German National People's Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(DNVP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Party_(1947)" title="German Party (1947)">German Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(DP)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_People%27s_Party" title="German People's Party">German People's Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(DVP)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Aufbau_Vereinigung" title="Aufbau Vereinigung">Aufbau Vereinigung</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Bibliothek_des_Konservatismus" title="Bibliothek des Konservatismus">Bibliothek des Konservatismus</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Desiderius-Erasmus-Stiftung" title="Desiderius-Erasmus-Stiftung">Desiderius-Erasmus-Stiftung</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Die_Deutschen_Konservativen" title="Die Deutschen Konservativen">Die Deutschen Konservativen</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_of_German_Catholics" title="Forum of German Catholics">Forum of German Catholics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_L%C3%B6wenthal_Prize" title="Gerhard Löwenthal Prize">Gerhard Löwenthal Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Burschenschaft" title="German Burschenschaft">German Burschenschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_Pax_Europa" title="Citizens' Movement Pax Europa">Citizens' Movement Pax Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanns_Seidel_Foundation" title="Hanns Seidel Foundation">Hanns Seidel Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Filbinger_Foundation" title="Hans Filbinger Foundation">Hans Filbinger Foundation</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Identitarian_movement#Germany" title="Identitarian movement">Identitäre Aktion</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Institut_f%C3%BCr_Staatspolitik" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut für Staatspolitik">Institut für Staatspolitik</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer_Foundation" title="Konrad Adenauer Foundation">Konrad Adenauer Foundation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pegida" title="Pegida">PEGIDA</a></i></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Studienzentrum_Weikersheim" title="Studienzentrum Weikersheim">Studienzentrum Weikersheim</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Tradition_und_Leben" title="Tradition und Leben">Tradition und Leben</a></i></span></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germany_Foundation" title="Germany Foundation">Germany Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Louise_League" title="Queen Louise League">Queen Louise League</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="font-style:italic"> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Die_Achse_des_Guten" title="Die Achse des Guten">Die Achse des Guten</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antaios_(magazine)" title="Antaios (magazine)">Antaios</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bild" title="Bild">Bild</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Cato_(Magazin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cato (Magazin)">Cato</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero_(magazine)" title="Cicero (magazine)">Cicero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_(German_magazine)" title="Compact (German magazine)">COMPACT</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Rundschau" title="Deutsche Rundschau">Deutsche Rundschau</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Allgemeine_Zeitung" title="Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung">Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Junge_Freiheit" title="Junge Freiheit">Junge Freiheit</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kreuzzeitung" title="Kreuzzeitung">Kreuzzeitung</a></i></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politically_Incorrect_(blog)" title="Politically Incorrect (blog)">Politically Incorrect</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Preu%C3%9Fische_Allgemeine_Zeitung" title="Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung">Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Monatshefte" title="Süddeutsche Monatshefte">Süddeutsche Monatshefte</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Der_T%C3%BCrmer" title="Der Türmer">Der Türmer</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Verlag_Antaios" class="mw-redirect" title="Verlag Antaios">Verlag Antaios</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a></i></span> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Welt_am_Sonntag" title="Welt am Sonntag">Welt am Sonntag</a></i></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #154E9D; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_nationalism" title="Bavarian nationalism">Bavarian nationalism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6ckenf%C3%B6rde_dilemma" title="Böckenförde dilemma">Böckenförde dilemma</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_New_Right" title="European New Right">European New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_collective_guilt" title="German collective guilt">Collective guilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism#Austria" title="Conservatism">Conservatism in Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism#Switzerland" title="Conservatism">Conservatism in Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_multiculturalism#Germany" title="Criticism of multiculturalism">Criticism of multiculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_pessimism" title="Cultural pessimism">Cultural pessimism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free-floating_intellectuals" title="Free-floating intellectuals">Freischwebende Intelligenz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_militarism" title="German militarism">German militarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_crime_in_Germany" title="Immigration and crime in Germany">Immigrant criminality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Germany" title="Liberalism in Germany">Liberalism in Germany</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lying_press#Germany" title="Lying press">Lügenpresse</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapolitics#Contemporary_politics" title="Metapolitics">Metapolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">Pan-European nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Germanism" title="Pan-Germanism">Pan-Germanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_anthropology" title="Philosophical anthropology">Philosophical anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remigration#Germany" title="Remigration">Remigration</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Stahlhelm-Fraktion" title="Stahlhelm-Fraktion">Stahlhelm-Fraktion</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_generations" title="Theory of generations">Theory of generations</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cberfremdung" title="Überfremdung">Überfremdung</a></i></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/16px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/24px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/32px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Germany" title="Portal:Germany">Germany portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_in_Germany" title="Template:Conservatism in Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_in_Germany" title="Template talk:Conservatism in Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_in_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism in Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prologue_[Vorrede]"><span id="Prologue_.5BVorrede.5D"></span>Prologue [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Vorrede</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prologue [Vorrede]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "Prologue" is a reflection on the work written in previous three years. Mann provides the main reasons for the writing of this long treatise and introduces its main themes: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The difference between intellect and politics includes that of culture and civilization, of soul and society, of freedom and voting rights, of art and literature; and German tradition is culture, soul, freedom, art, and not civilization, society, voting rights, and literature. The difference between intellect and politics, as a further example, is the difference between cosmopolitan and international. The former concept comes from the cultural sphere and is German; the latter comes from the sphere of civilization and democracy and is – something quite different.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Thomas Mann<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann202123_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann202123-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_1:_The_Protest_[Der_Protest]"><span id="Chapter_1:_The_Protest_.5BDer_Protest.5D"></span>Chapter 1: The Protest [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Der Protest</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Chapter 1: The Protest [Der Protest]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first chapter of the book is noticeably short. In it, Mann uses <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoevsky">Fyodor Dostoevsky</a> to explain that Germany as the country has always protested against the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_2:_The_Unliterary_Country_[Das_unliterarische_Land]"><span id="Chapter_2:_The_Unliterary_Country_.5BDas_unliterarische_Land.5D"></span>Chapter 2: The Unliterary Country [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Das unliterarische Land</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Chapter 2: The Unliterary Country [Das unliterarische Land]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the brief second chapter, the "Roman" Western world is described as being literary, while Germany is introduced as the "unliterary country".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_3:_Civilisation's_Literary_Man_[Der_Zivilisationsliterat]"><span id="Chapter_3:_Civilisation.27s_Literary_Man_.5BDer_Zivilisationsliterat.5D"></span>Chapter 3: Civilisation's Literary Man [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Der Zivilisationsliterat</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chapter 3: Civilisation's Literary Man [Der Zivilisationsliterat]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the third chapter, the "<a href="/wiki/Francophile" title="Francophile">Francophile</a>" progressive authors (his brother Heinrich being one of them) are introduced as Civilisation's Literary Men (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zivilisationsliteraten</i></span>). The ideal of Civilisation's Literary Men is <a href="/wiki/Democratisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratisation">democratisation</a>, which Mann considers to be antithetical to Germany's inner nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_4:_Soul-Searching_[Einkehr]"><span id="Chapter_4:_Soul-Searching_.5BEinkehr.5D"></span>Chapter 4: Soul-Searching [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Einkehr</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Chapter 4: Soul-Searching [Einkehr]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the chapter titled "Soul-Searching", Mann explains the significance of the "<a href="/wiki/Triumvirate" title="Triumvirate">triumvirate</a>" of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Arthur Schopenhauer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a> as the inspirators for his thinking.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_5:_Burgherly_Nature_[Bürgerlichkeit]"><span id="Chapter_5:_Burgherly_Nature_.5BB.C3.BCrgerlichkeit.5D"></span>Chapter 5: Burgherly Nature [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Bürgerlichkeit</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chapter 5: Burgherly Nature [Bürgerlichkeit]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In "Burgherly Nature", Mann contrasts the solidity of <a href="/wiki/Bildungsb%C3%BCrgertum" title="Bildungsbürgertum">burgherly</a> <a href="/wiki/Individualist" class="mw-redirect" title="Individualist">individualist</a> ethics with the bottomlessness of <a href="/wiki/Ethicist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethicist">ethicists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_6:_"Against_Justice_and_Truth"_["Gegen_Recht_und_Wahrheit"]"><span id="Chapter_6:_.22Against_Justice_and_Truth.22_.5B.22Gegen_Recht_und_Wahrheit.22.5D"></span>Chapter 6: "Against Justice and Truth" [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">"Gegen Recht und Wahrheit"</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Chapter 6: "Against Justice and Truth" ["Gegen Recht und Wahrheit"]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The chapter "Against Justice and Truth" has a paraphrased quotation from Heinrich Mann's <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Zola</a> essay as its title. In it, Mann defends his early wartime essays against his brother Heinrich and <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_7:_Politics_[Politik]"><span id="Chapter_7:_Politics_.5BPolitik.5D"></span>Chapter 7: Politics [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Politik</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chapter 7: Politics [Politik]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The chapter on politics is by far the longest. Here Mann defines <a href="/wiki/Aestheticism" title="Aestheticism">aestheticism</a> as freedom from politics.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then turns to deliberations inspired by <a href="/wiki/Emil_Hammacher" title="Emil Hammacher">Emil Hammacher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Lagarde" title="Paul de Lagarde">Paul de Lagarde</a> about Bismarck, the state, conservatism, suffrage, democracy, politicised art and Germany in 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_8:_On_Virtue_[Von_der_Tugend]"><span id="Chapter_8:_On_Virtue_.5BVon_der_Tugend.5D"></span>Chapter 8: On Virtue [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Von der Tugend</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Chapter 8: On Virtue [Von der Tugend]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his chapter on virtue, Mann opposes the virtue of Civilisation's Literary Men (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zivilisationsliteraten</i></span>) which relies on buzzwords and contrasts it with the pessimistic ethos of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Joseph von Eichendorff's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_a_Good-for-Nothing" title="Memoirs of a Good-for-Nothing">Memoirs of a Good-for-Nothing</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Claudel" title="Paul Claudel">Paul Claudel's</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Annonce_faite_%C3%A0_Marie_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L'Annonce faite à Marie (play) (page does not exist)">L'Annonce faite à Marie</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Annonce_faite_%C3%A0_Marie" class="extiw" title="fr:L'Annonce faite à Marie">fr</a>]</span></i> and <a href="/wiki/Hans_Pfitzner" title="Hans Pfitzner">Hans Pfitzner's</a> opera <a href="/wiki/Palestrina_(opera)" title="Palestrina (opera)"><i>Palestrina</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_9:_Some_Comments_on_Humanity_[Einiges_über_Menschlichkeit]"><span id="Chapter_9:_Some_Comments_on_Humanity_.5BEiniges_.C3.BCber_Menschlichkeit.5D"></span>Chapter 9: Some Comments on Humanity [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Einiges über Menschlichkeit</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chapter 9: Some Comments on Humanity [Einiges über Menschlichkeit]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his comments on humanity, Mann develops a humanity of suffering and service.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_10:_On_belief_[Vom_Glauben]"><span id="Chapter_10:_On_belief_.5BVom_Glauben.5D"></span>Chapter 10: On belief [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Vom Glauben</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Chapter 10: On belief [Vom Glauben]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoevsky">Fyodor Dostoevsky</a> inspires the chapter "On belief". According to Mann, true faith is not faith in any principles, words and ideas such as freedom, equality, democracy, civilisation and progress, but faith in God, meaning, at the same time, faith in love, life and art.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_11:_On_Aestheticism_[Ästhetische_Politik]"><span id="Chapter_11:_On_Aestheticism_.5B.C3.84sthetische_Politik.5D"></span>Chapter 11: On Aestheticism [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Ästhetische Politik</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Chapter 11: On Aestheticism [Ästhetische Politik]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The last two chapters of the work deal with aestheticism. In "On Aestheticism<i>"</i>, Mann explains that political artistry is false because he considers it to be half intellectual, intentional and artificial. The chapter ends with a notable critique of <a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">expressionism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapter_12:_Irony_and_Radicalism_[Ironie_und_Radikalismus]"><span id="Chapter_12:_Irony_and_Radicalism_.5BIronie_und_Radikalismus.5D"></span>Chapter 12: Irony and Radicalism [<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Ironie und Radikalismus</i></span>]</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Chapter 12: Irony and Radicalism [Ironie und Radikalismus]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the closing chapter on "Irony and Radicalism", Mann marks his work as being inspired by <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">irony</a>. The works of Civilisation's Literary Men (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zivilisationsliteraten</i></span>) are in contrast characterised as works of radicalism. The scholar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kurzke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kurzke (page does not exist)">Hermann Kurzke</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Kurzke" class="extiw" title="de:Hermann Kurzke">de</a>]</span> explains that Mann sees irony as conservative self-denial of the spirit in favour of life, which is supposed to stand against the anti-life radicalism and activism of the spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_modern_reception">Legacy and modern reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Legacy and modern reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thomas Mann never fully denounced the views espoused in the <i>Reflections</i>, even after the 1929 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Literature" title="List of Nobel laureates in Literature">Nobel laureate</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had become one of the main opponents of <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> among German expatriates in the United States. Instead, he viewed the work as a crucial step on his journey as a writer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201936_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201936-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Beha" title="Christopher Beha">Christopher Beha</a> argues that the <i>Reflections</i> are "a strange, frequently off-putting book, a 500-page assault on democracy, enlightenment and reason", but sees value in the idea that "we do damage to life's most important elements when we use them instrumentally, for political ends". By exposing this he sees the book as posing "a real challenge to our moment, obsessed as it is with the political responsibility of the artist."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeha2021-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghdi.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=946&language=english">"Thomas Mann, "Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man" (1918)"</a>. <i>German History in Documents and Images</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221228194215/https://ghdi.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=946&language=english">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=German+History+in+Documents+and+Images&rft.atitle=Thomas+Mann%2C+%22Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man%22+%281918%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fghdi.ghi-dc.org%2Fsub_document.cfm%3Fdocument_id%3D946%26language%3Denglish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonold2015">Honold 2015</a>, p. 157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKunicki20216-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKunicki20216_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKunicki2021">Kunicki 2021</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010146_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurzke2010">Kurzke 2010</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann19151312-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann19151312_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMann1915">Mann 1915</a>, p. 1312.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010150-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010150_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurzke2010">Kurzke 2010</a>, p. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010144_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurzke2010">Kurzke 2010</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHonold2015157157–158_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHonold2015">Honold 2015</a>, p. 157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201920-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201920_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoes2019">Boes 2019</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehnertWessell2004XII-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehnertWessell2004XII_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehnertWessell2004">Lehnert & Wessell 2004</a>, p. XII.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyrb.com/products/reflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man">"Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man by Thomas Mann, translated from the German by Walter D. Morris, introduction by Mark Lilla"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Review_Books" title="New York Review Books">New York Review Books</a></i>. 18 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221204103453/https://www.nyrb.com/products/reflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+Books&rft.atitle=Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man+by+Thomas+Mann%2C+translated+from+the+German+by+Walter+D.+Morris%2C+introduction+by+Mark+Lilla&rft.date=2021-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyrb.com%2Fproducts%2Freflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKunicki202110-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKunicki202110_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKunicki2021">Kunicki 2021</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201953-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201953_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoes2019">Boes 2019</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeha2021-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeha2021_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeha2021">Beha 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann202123-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann202123_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMann2021">Mann 2021</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010160–161_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurzke2010">Kurzke 2010</a>, pp. 160–161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKurzke2010161_17-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKurzke2010">Kurzke 2010</a>, p. 161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1929/summary/">"The Nobel Prize in Literature 1929"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a></i>. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702151009/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1929/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nobel+Prize&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature+1929&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fliterature%2F1929%2Fsummary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoes201936-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoes201936_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoes2019">Boes 2019</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeha2021" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Beha" title="Christopher Beha">Beha, Christopher</a> (17 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/17/books/review/reflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man-thomas-mann.html">"Thomas Mann on the Artist vs. the State"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Thomas+Mann+on+the+Artist+vs.+the+State&rft.date=2021-09-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Beha&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F09%2F17%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Freflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man-thomas-mann.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoes2019" class="citation book cs1">Boes, Tobias (2019). <i>Thomas Mann's War: Literature, Politics, and the World Republic of Letters</i>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7298%2Fdfnn-fk21">10.7298/dfnn-fk21</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781501745003" title="Special:BookSources/9781501745003"><bdi>9781501745003</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctvq2vzcf">10.7591/j.ctvq2vzcf</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thomas+Mann%27s+War%3A+Literature%2C+Politics%2C+and+the+World+Republic+of+Letters&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7591%2Fj.ctvq2vzcf%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7298%2Fdfnn-fk21&rft.isbn=9781501745003&rft.aulast=Boes&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonold2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Honold, Alexander (2015). "Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen (1918)". In Blödorn, Andreas; Marx, Friedhelm (eds.). <i>Thomas Mann-Handbuch</i> (in German). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp. 156–162. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-476-05341-1">10.1007/978-3-476-05341-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-476-02456-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-476-02456-5"><bdi>978-3-476-02456-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen+%281918%29&rft.btitle=Thomas+Mann-Handbuch&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=156-162&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-476-05341-1&rft.isbn=978-3-476-02456-5&rft.aulast=Honold&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKunicki2021" class="citation journal cs1">Kunicki, Wojciech (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12797%2FPoliteja.18.2021.72.01">"An absent Text of a Civilised Literary Man: On Thomas Mann's Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man"</a>. <i>Politeja</i> (72): 5–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12797%2FPoliteja.18.2021.72.01">10.12797/Politeja.18.2021.72.01</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1733-6716">1733-6716</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27107235">27107235</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237391903">237391903</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politeja&rft.atitle=An+absent+Text+of+a+Civilised+Literary+Man%3A+On+Thomas+Mann%27s+Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man&rft.issue=72&rft.pages=5-20&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=1733-6716&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A237391903%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27107235%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12797%2FPoliteja.18.2021.72.01&rft.aulast=Kunicki&rft.aufirst=Wojciech&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.12797%252FPoliteja.18.2021.72.01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurzke2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kurzke, Hermann (2010). <i>Thomas Mann: Epoche, Werk, Wirkung</i> (in German) (4 ed.). Munich: <a href="/wiki/C.H._Beck" class="mw-redirect" title="C.H. Beck">C.H. Beck</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17104%2F9783406615245">10.17104/9783406615245</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-406-60831-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-406-60831-5"><bdi>978-3-406-60831-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/699842261">699842261</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thomas+Mann%3A+Epoche%2C+Werk%2C+Wirkung&rft.place=Munich&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=C.H.+Beck&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F699842261&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17104%2F9783406615245&rft.isbn=978-3-406-60831-5&rft.aulast=Kurzke&rft.aufirst=Hermann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLehnertWessell2004" class="citation book cs1">Lehnert, Herbert; Wessell, Eva, eds. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt169wdj0"><i>A Companion to the Works of Thomas Mann</i></a>. Boydell & Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57113-219-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57113-219-2"><bdi>978-1-57113-219-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt169wdj0">10.7722/j.ctt169wdj0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+the+Works+of+Thomas+Mann&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7722%2Fj.ctt169wdj0%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-1-57113-219-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7722%2Fj.ctt169wdj0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann1915" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Mann" title="Heinrich Mann">Mann, Heinrich</a> (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/DieWeienBltter2.Jg1915/page/1311/mode/2up">"Zola"</a>. <i>Die weißen Blätter</i> (in German). Vol. 2, no. 11. pp. 1312–1382.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+wei%C3%9Fen+Bl%C3%A4tter&rft.atitle=Zola&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1312-1382&rft.date=1915&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FDieWeienBltter2.Jg1915%2Fpage%2F1311%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann, Thomas</a> (2021) [1918]. <i>Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</i>. Translated by Morris, Walter D. New York Review Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man&rft.pub=New+York+Review+Books&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorchmeyer1997" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Borchmeyer, Dieter (1997). "Politische Betrachtungen eines angeblich Unpolitischen: Thomas Mann, Edmund Burke und die Tradition des Konservatismus". <i>Thomas Mann Jahrbuch</i> (in German). <b>10</b>: 83–104. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0935-6983">0935-6983</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24744034">24744034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thomas+Mann+Jahrbuch&rft.atitle=Politische+Betrachtungen+eines+angeblich+Unpolitischen%3A+Thomas+Mann%2C+Edmund+Burke+und+die+Tradition+des+Konservatismus&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=83-104&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24744034%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0935-6983&rft.aulast=Borchmeyer&rft.aufirst=Dieter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2021" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Michael Warren (19 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theamericanconservative.com/a-nonpolitical-mann/">"A Nonpolitical Mann?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Conservative" title="The American Conservative">The American Conservative</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+American+Conservative&rft.atitle=A+Nonpolitical+Mann%3F&rft.date=2021-07-19&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Michael+Warren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theamericanconservative.com%2Fa-nonpolitical-mann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElling2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Elling, Eskil (19 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thepointmag.com/politics/reflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man/">"Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Point_(magazine)" title="The Point (magazine)">The Point</a></i>. No. 26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Point&rft.atitle=Reflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man&rft.issue=26&rft.date=2021-12-19&rft.aulast=Elling&rft.aufirst=Eskil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepointmag.com%2Fpolitics%2Freflections-of-a-nonpolitical-man%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurzke2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kurzke, Hermann (2000). "Das Kapitel "Politik" in den "Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Thomas Mann Jahrbuch</i> (in German). <b>13</b>: 27–41. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0935-6983">0935-6983</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24744113">24744113</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thomas+Mann+Jahrbuch&rft.atitle=Das+Kapitel+%22Politik%22+in+den+%22Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen%22&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=27-41&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24744113%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0935-6983&rft.aulast=Kurzke&rft.aufirst=Hermann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurzke2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kurzke, Hermann (2009). "Immer auf dem Balkon?: Thomas Manns Selbstinszenierung in den Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen". In Ansel, Michael; Friedrich, Hans-Edwin; Lauer, Gerhard (eds.). <i>Die Erfindung des Schriftstellers Thomas Mann</i> (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 411–420. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783110210781.411">10.1515/9783110210781.411</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110201369" title="Special:BookSources/9783110201369"><bdi>9783110201369</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Immer+auf+dem+Balkon%3F%3A+Thomas+Manns+Selbstinszenierung+in+den+Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen&rft.btitle=Die+Erfindung+des+Schriftstellers+Thomas+Mann&rft.pages=411-420&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9783110210781.411&rft.isbn=9783110201369&rft.aulast=Kurzke&rft.aufirst=Hermann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurzke2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kurzke, Hermann (2013). "Neue Quellenfunde zu den "Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen": Ein Nachtrag zu Band 13 der GKFA". <i>Thomas Mann Jahrbuch</i> (in German). <b>26</b>: 263–266. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24744034">24744034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thomas+Mann+Jahrbuch&rft.atitle=Neue+Quellenfunde+zu+den+%22Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen%22%3A+Ein+Nachtrag+zu+Band+13+der+GKFA&rft.volume=26&rft.pages=263-266&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24744034%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Kurzke&rft.aufirst=Hermann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKroll2004" class="citation journal cs1">Kroll, Joe Paul (2004). "Conservative at the Crossroads: 'Ironic' vs. 'Revolutionary' Conservatism in Thomas Mann's Reflections of a Non-Political Man". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Studies" title="Journal of European Studies">Journal of European Studies</a></i>. <b>34</b> (3): 225–246. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0047244104046382">10.1177/0047244104046382</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0047-2441">0047-2441</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153401527">153401527</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Studies&rft.atitle=Conservative+at+the+Crossroads%3A+%27Ironic%27+vs.+%27Revolutionary%27+Conservatism+in+Thomas+Mann%27s+Reflections+of+a+Non-Political+Man&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=225-246&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153401527%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0047-2441&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0047244104046382&rft.aulast=Kroll&rft.aufirst=Joe+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLilla2021" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Lilla" title="Mark Lilla">Lilla, Mark</a> (13 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/05/13/thomas-mann-writer-apart/">"The Writer Apart"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=The+Writer+Apart&rft.date=2021-05-13&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Lilla&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2021%2F05%2F13%2Fthomas-mann-writer-apart%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeery1990" class="citation journal cs1">Seery, John Evan (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41178503">"Political Irony and World War: A Reading of Thomas Mann's "Betrachtungen"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal</i>. <b>73</b> (1): 5–29. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0038-1861">0038-1861</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41178503">41178503</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soundings%3A+An+Interdisciplinary+Journal&rft.atitle=Political+Irony+and+World+War%3A+A+Reading+of+Thomas+Mann%27s+%22Betrachtungen%22&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5-29&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41178503%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0038-1861&rft.aulast=Seery&rft.aufirst=John+Evan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41178503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultz1975" class="citation journal cs1">Schultz, H. Stefan (1975). "Thomas Mann's Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen: Some Observations". <i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Language_Notes" title="Modern Language Notes">Modern Language Notes</a></i>. <b>90</b> (3): 431–447. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2906799">10.2307/2906799</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-7910">0026-7910</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2906799">2906799</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Language+Notes&rft.atitle=Thomas+Mann%27s+Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen%3A+Some+Observations&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=431-447&rft.date=1975&rft.issn=0026-7910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2906799%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2906799&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=H.+Stefan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSdzuj2005" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sdzuj, Reimund B. (2005). "Der Mittels-Mann der Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen und des Zauberbergs". <i>Scientia Poetica</i> (in German). <b>9</b>: 175–194. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783112422243-008">10.1515/9783112422243-008</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783112422243" title="Special:BookSources/9783112422243"><bdi>9783112422243</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientia+Poetica&rft.atitle=Der+Mittels-Mann+der+Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen+und+des+Zauberbergs&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=175-194&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9783112422243-008&rft.isbn=9783112422243&rft.aulast=Sdzuj&rft.aufirst=Reimund+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStock1985" class="citation journal cs1">Stock, Irvin (1985). "Ironie Conservatism: Thomas Mann's Reflections of a Non-Political Man". <i><a href="/wiki/Salmagundi_(magazine)" title="Salmagundi (magazine)">Salmagundi</a></i> (68/69): 166–185. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-3529">0036-3529</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40547828">40547828</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salmagundi&rft.atitle=Ironie+Conservatism%3A+Thomas+Mann%27s+Reflections+of+a+Non-Political+Man&rft.issue=68%2F69&rft.pages=166-185&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40547828%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0036-3529&rft.aulast=Stock&rft.aufirst=Irvin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflections_of_a_Nonpolitical_Man&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann1920" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mann, Thomas (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betrachtungenein00mannuoft"><i>Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen</i></a> (in German). Berlin: <a href="/wiki/S._Fischer_Verlag" title="S. Fischer Verlag">S. Fischer Verlag</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Betrachtungen+eines+Unpolitischen&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=S.+Fischer+Verlag&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbetrachtungenein00mannuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReflections+of+a+Nonpolitical+Man" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thomas_Mann" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thomas_Mann" title="Template:Thomas Mann"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thomas_Mann" title="Template talk:Thomas Mann"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas_Mann" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas Mann"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Thomas_Mann" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Buddenbrooks" title="Buddenbrooks">Buddenbrooks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Royal_Highness_(novel)" title="Royal Highness (novel)">Royal Highness</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Mountain" title="The Magic Mountain">The Magic Mountain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_and_His_Brothers" title="Joseph and His Brothers">Joseph and His Brothers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lotte_in_Weimar:_The_Beloved_Returns" title="Lotte in Weimar: The Beloved Returns">Lotte in Weimar: The Beloved Returns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Faustus_(novel)" title="Doctor Faustus (novel)">Doctor Faustus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Holy_Sinner" title="The Holy Sinner">The Holy Sinner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_Felix_Krull" title="Confessions of Felix Krull">Confessions of Felix Krull</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novellas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gladius_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Gladius Dei">Gladius Dei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tristan_(novella)" title="Tristan (novella)">Tristan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tonio_Kr%C3%B6ger" title="Tonio Kröger">Tonio Kröger</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Venice" title="Death in Venice">Death in Venice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Man_and_His_Dog_(narrative)" title="A Man and His Dog (narrative)">A Man and His Dog</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Disorder_and_Early_Sorrow" title="Disorder and Early Sorrow">Disorder and Early Sorrow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mario_and_the_Magician" title="Mario and the Magician">Mario and the Magician</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Transposed_Heads" title="The Transposed Heads">The Transposed Heads</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tables_of_the_Law" title="The Tables of the Law">The Tables of the Law</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Swan_(short_story)" title="The Black Swan (short story)">The Black Swan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Herr_Friedemann" title="Little Herr Friedemann">Little Herr Friedemann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Clown_(short_story)" title="The Clown (short story)">The Clown</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Mindernickel" title="Tobias Mindernickel">Tobias Mindernickel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_the_Churchyard" title="The Road to the Churchyard">The Road to the Churchyard</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_German_Republic" title="On the German Republic">On the German Republic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coming_Victory_of_Democracy" title="The Coming Victory of Democracy">The Coming Victory of Democracy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Listen,_Germany!" title="Listen, Germany!">Listen, Germany!</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mann_family" title="Mann family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katia_Mann" title="Katia Mann">Katia Mann</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Mann" title="Erika Mann">Erika Mann</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Mann" title="Klaus Mann">Klaus Mann</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golo_Mann" title="Golo Mann">Golo Mann</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Mann" title="Monika Mann">Monika Mann</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Mann_Borgese" title="Elisabeth Mann Borgese">Elisabeth Mann Borgese</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann_(scholar)" title="Michael Mann (scholar)">Michael Mann</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlia_da_Silva_Bruhns" title="Júlia da Silva Bruhns">Júlia da Silva Bruhns</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Mann" title="Heinrich Mann">Heinrich Mann</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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