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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Drafting_and_signature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drafting_and_signature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Drafting and signature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drafting_and_signature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ratification_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ratification_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Ratification process </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ratification_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deadlines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deadlines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Deadlines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deadlines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._public_debate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._public_debate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 U.S. public debate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._public_debate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treaty_activities_and_status_of_New_START" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treaty_activities_and_status_of_New_START"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Treaty activities and status of New START </div> </a> <button 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extension_progress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extension_progress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Extension progress </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Extension_progress-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Extension progress subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Extension_progress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 2017 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 2019 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 2020 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 2021 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suspension_and_aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suspension_and_aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Suspension and aftermath </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suspension_and_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">New START</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" > 23 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="معاهدة ستارت الجديدة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معاهدة ستارت الجديدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%A3" title="Новая ДСНУ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Новая ДСНУ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%A1_dohoda_START" title="Nová dohoda START – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nová dohoda START" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uus_START-leping" title="Uus START-leping – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Uus START-leping" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/START_III" title="START III – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="START III" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/START_Berria" title="START Berria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="START Berria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%88" title="پیمان استارت نو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیمان استارت نو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_New_START" title="Traité New START – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Traité New START" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%8A%B8" title="뉴 스타트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴 스타트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_START" title="New START – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="New START" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_START" title="New START – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="New START" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9" title="סטארט החדש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סטארט החדש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%A0%D0%A2_3_(%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80)" title="СТАРТ 3 (договор) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="СТАРТ 3 (договор)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_START" title="New START – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="New START" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%88%A6%E7%95%A5%E5%85%B5%E5%99%A8%E5%89%8A%E6%B8%9B%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" title="新戦略兵器削減条約 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="新戦略兵器削減条約" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny_START-avtale" title="Ny START-avtale – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ny START-avtale" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Strategic_Arms_Reduction_Treaty" title="New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_START" title="New START – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="New START" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92-III" title="СНВ-III – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="СНВ-III" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uusi_START" title="Uusi START – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Uusi START" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_START" title="New START – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="New START" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%9E-III" title="СНО-III – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="СНО-III" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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from <a href="/w/index.php?title=START_treaty_(2010)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="START treaty (2010)">START treaty (2010)</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2010 United States-Russian nuclear arms reduction treaty</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">New START / СНВ-III</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">Treaty Between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms Договор между Российской Федерацией и Соединёнными Штатами Америки о мерах по дальнейшему сокращению и ограничению стратегических наступательных вооружений</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg/250px-Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg/375px-Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg/500px-Obama_and_Medvedev_sign_Prague_Treaty_2010.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3517" data-file-height="2175" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">Presidents <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Medvedev</a> shown after signing the Prague Treaty</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Strategic_nuclear_weapon" title="Strategic nuclear weapon">Strategic</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">disarmament</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Drafted</th><td class="infobox-data">19 May – 9 November 2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">8 April 2010 (2010-04-08)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, Czech Republic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data">5 February 2011<a href="#cite_note-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Ratification of both parties</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expiration</th><td class="infobox-data">5 February 2026<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parties</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>• <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li>• <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></td></tr></tbody></table> New START (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> abbrev.: СНВ-III, SNV-III from сокращение стратегических наступательных вооружений "reduction of strategic offensive arms") is a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">nuclear arms reduction</a> <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> between the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a> with the formal name of Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. It was signed on 8 April 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Lee-5">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[4]</a> and after <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a><a href="#cite_note-csmonitor.com-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-af.reuters.com-8">[6]</a> it <a href="/wiki/Entry_into_force" title="Entry into force">entered into force</a> on 5 February 2011.<a href="#cite_note-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press-1">[1]</a> New START replaced the Treaty of <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> (<a href="/wiki/SORT" class="mw-redirect" title="SORT">SORT</a>), which was to expire in December 2012. It follows the <a href="/wiki/START_I" title="START I">START I</a> treaty, which expired in December 2009; the proposed <a href="/wiki/START_II" title="START II">START II</a> treaty which never entered into force; and the <a href="/wiki/START_III" title="START III">START III</a> treaty, for which negotiations were never concluded. The treaty calls for halving the number of <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">strategic nuclear missile launchers</a>. A new inspection and verification regime will be established, replacing the SORT mechanism. It does not limit the number of operationally inactive <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_stockpile" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear stockpile">nuclear warheads</a> that can be stockpiled, a number in the high thousands.<a href="#cite_note-9">[7]</a> On 21 February 2023, Russia suspended its participation in New START.<a href="#cite_note-230221_suspension_barrons-10">[8]</a> However, it did not withdraw from the treaty, and clarified that it would continue to abide by the numerical limits in the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-230221_suspension_nhk-12">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[11]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/New_START.ogv/170px-seek%3D85-New_START.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="170" height="128" data-durationhint="3320" data-mwtitle="New_START.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:New_START.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/New_START.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/New_START.ogv/New_START.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/New_START.ogv/New_START.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/New_START.ogv/New_START.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /></video><figcaption>Signing the New START Treaty (video in Russian)</figcaption></figure> The treaty limits the number of <a href="/wiki/Military_deployment#Nuclear_weapons" title="Military deployment">deployed</a> strategic <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warhead" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear warhead">nuclear warheads</a> for each party to 1,550, which is down nearly two-thirds from the <a href="/wiki/START_I" title="START I">original START treaty</a>, as well as 10% lower than the deployed strategic warhead limit of the 2002 Moscow Treaty.<a href="#cite_note-O'Hanlon-14">[12]</a> The total number of deployed warheads could exceed the 1,550 limit by a few hundred because only one warhead is counted per bomber regardless of how many it actually carries.<a href="#cite_note-O'Hanlon-14">[12]</a> The treaty also limits the number of deployed and non-deployed <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">intercontinental ballistic missile</a> (ICBM) launchers, <a href="/wiki/Submarine-launched_ballistic_missile" title="Submarine-launched ballistic missile">submarine-launched ballistic missile</a> (SLBM) launchers, and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_bomber" title="Heavy bomber">heavy bombers</a> equipped for nuclear armaments to 800. The number of deployed ICBMs, SLBMs, and heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments is limited to 700.<a href="#cite_note-15">[13]</a> The treaty allows for satellite and remote monitoring, as well as 18 on-site inspections per year to verify limits.<a href="#cite_note-O'Hanlon-14">[12]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Summary of New START limits<a href="#cite_note-16">[14]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Limit </th></tr> <tr> <td>Deployed missiles and bombers</td> <td>700 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deployed warheads (<a href="/wiki/Multiple_independently_targetable_reentry_vehicle" title="Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle">MIRVs</a> and bombers)</td> <td>1,550 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deployed and non-deployed launchers (missile tubes and bombers)</td> <td>800 </td></tr></tbody></table> The obligations must be met within seven years from the date the treaty enters into force. The treaty will last ten years, with an option to renew it for up to five years upon the agreement of both parties.<a href="#cite_note-17">[15]</a> The treaty entered into force on 5 February 2011, when the United States and Russia exchanged instruments of ratification, following approval by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Assembly of Russia">Federal Assembly of Russia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a> The United States began implementing the reductions before the treaty was ratified.<a href="#cite_note-19">[17]</a> Documents made available to the U.S. Senate described[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] removal from service of at least 30 missile silos, 34 bombers, and 56 submarine launch tubes. Missiles which are removed would stay intact, and bombers could be converted to conventional use. Four of the twenty-four launchers on each of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio-class_submarine" title="Ohio-class submarine">fourteen ballistic missile nuclear submarines</a> would be removed, and none retired.<a href="#cite_note-20">[18]</a> The treaty places no limits on <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon">tactical systems</a>,<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II</a>, which will most likely be replacing the F-15E and F-16 in the tactical nuclear delivery role.<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> The treaty does not cover <a href="/wiki/RT-23_Molodets" title="RT-23 Molodets">rail-mobile ICBM launchers</a> because neither party possesses such systems. ICBMs on such launchers would be covered under the generic launcher limits, but the inspection details for such systems would have to be worked out between the parties if such systems were reintroduced in the future.<a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drafting_and_signature">Drafting and signature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Drafting and signature">edit</a>]</div> The New START treaty is the successor to the START I. The <a href="/wiki/START_II" title="START II">START II</a> was signed but not ratified and the <a href="/wiki/START_III" title="START III">START III</a> negotiating process was not successful. The drafting of the treaty commenced in April 2009 immediately after the meeting between the presidents of the two countries involved, <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a>, in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Медведев_и_Обама_решили_продолжить_сокращение_вооружений-24">[22]</a> Preliminary talks had already been held in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> on 27 April,<a href="#cite_note-Начались_переговоры_между_США_и_Россией_о_сокращении_ядерных_вооружений-25">[23]</a> although it was initially planned to have them scheduled in the middle of May.<a href="#cite_note-Россия_и_США_определили_дату_начала_переговоров_по_СНВ-26">[24]</a> Prolonged talks were conducted by U.S. and Russian delegations, led on the American side by <a href="/wiki/U.S._State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. State Department">U.S. State Department</a> Assistant Secretary <a href="/wiki/Rose_Gottemoeller" title="Rose Gottemoeller">Rose Gottemoeller</a>. The Russian delegation was headed by <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Antonov" title="Anatoly Antonov">Anatoly Antonov</a>, director of security and disarmament at the Russian <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> Talks were held on: <ul><li>First round: 19–20 May 2009, Moscow<a href="#cite_note-В_Москве_начались_переговоры_по_СНВ-28">[26]</a></li> <li>Second round: 1–3 June 2009, <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland<a href="#cite_note-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве-29">[27]</a></li> <li>Third round: 22–24 June 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве-29">[27]</a></li> <li>Fourth round: 22–24 July 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве-29">[27]</a></li> <li>Fifth round: 31 August – 2 September 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-РФ_и_США_приступили_к_отработке_конкретных_статей_договора_по_СНВ-30">[28]</a></li> <li>Sixth round: 21–28 September 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-Календарь_событий_19_сентября_-_20_октября-31">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Очередной_раунд_переговоров_России_и_США_по_СНВ_пройдет_в_Женеве-32">[30]</a></li> <li>Seventh round: 19–30 October 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-На_выработку_нового_договора_по_СНВ_у_США_и_России_остался_месяц-33">[31]</a></li> <li>Eighth round: 9 November 2009, Geneva<a href="#cite_note-МИД_РФ_о_новом_раунде_российско-американских_переговоров_по_СНВ-34">[32]</a></li></ul> On the morning of 6 July 2009, the agreement on the text of the "Joint Understanding on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms" was announced,<a href="#cite_note-Россия_и_США_согласовали_текст_договора_по_СНВ-35">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Медведев_и_Обама_подписали_рамочный_документ_по_СНВ-36">[34]</a> which Medvedev and Obama signed during the US presidential visit to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> which began on the same day. The document listed the intention of both parties to reduce the number of nuclear warheads to 1,500–1,675 units, as well as their delivery weapons to 500–1,100 units.<a href="#cite_note-Медведев_и_Обама_договорились_сократить_стратегическое_вооружение-37">[35]</a> Presidents Obama and Medvedev announced on 26 March 2010 that they had reached an agreement, and they signed the treaty on 8 April 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lee-5">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ratification_process">Ratification process</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ratification process">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> On 13 May, the agreement was submitted by Obama for ratification in the U.S. Senate. Ratification required 67 votes in favor (out of 100 Senators). On Tuesday, 16 September 2010, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted 14–4 in favor of ratifying New START. The measure had support from three Senate Republicans: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Richard Lugar</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from Indiana">of Indiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Corker" title="Bob Corker">Bob Corker</a> of Tennessee, and <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Isakson" title="Johnny Isakson">Johnny Isakson</a> of Georgia.<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> and Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> expressed optimism that a deal on ratification was near.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> Republicans in the Senate generally deferred to <a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Jon Kyl</a> (R-AZ), a leading conservative on defense issues, who sought a strong commitment to modernize U.S. nuclear forces and questioned whether there was time for ratification during the lame-duck session, calling for an opening of the negotiation record before a vote is held.<a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Ben_Nelson" title="Ben Nelson">Ben Nelson</a> (D-NE) joined Kyl in expressing skepticism over the timing of ratification;<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Kit_Bond" title="Kit Bond">Kit Bond</a> (R-MO) expressed opposition.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> Obama made New START ratification a priority during the 2010 post-election <a href="/wiki/Lame_duck_(politics)" title="Lame duck (politics)">lame duck</a> session of Congress, and Senators <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> (D-MA) and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Richard Lugar</a> (R-IN), the Democratic Chairman and senior Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, were leading supporters of the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a> On 22 December 2010, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> gave its advice and consent to ratification of the treaty by a vote of 71 to 26 on the resolution of ratification.<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a> Thirteen Republican senators, all 56 Democratic senators, and both Independent senators voted for the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> Obama signed documents completing the U.S. ratification process on 2 February 2011.<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia">Russia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Russia">edit</a>]</div> On 28 May 2010, the document was introduced by Medvedev for consideration in the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a>. On 6 July, the State Duma held parliamentary hearings on the treaty, which representatives from the Foreign Ministry and General Staff attended. On 8 July, the Duma Defense Committee and the International Affairs Committee recommended that the State Duma ratify the treaty.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 29 October, the chairman of the Duma International Affairs Committee, <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Kosachev" title="Konstantin Kosachev">Konstantin Kosachev</a>, called for the return of the document to committee hearings, noting that the agreement does not restrict the activities of the United States on missile defense, as well as the fact that ballistic missiles with non-nuclear warheads are not covered under the agreement. At the same time, Federation Council Chairman Sergei Mironov proposed to not rush to amend or vote on the treaty and to monitor the discussions in the U.S. Senate.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Following ratification by the U.S. Senate, the formal first reading of the treaty was held on 24 December, and the State Duma voted its approval. The State Duma approved a second reading of the treaty on 14 January 2011.<a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a> 349 deputies out of 450 voted in favor of ratification.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The third and final reading by the State Duma took place on 25 January 2011; the ratification resolution was approved by a vote of 350 deputies in favor, 96 against, and one abstention.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] It was then approved unanimously by the <a href="/wiki/Federation_Council_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation Council of Russia">Federation Council</a> on the next day.<a href="#cite_note-csmonitor.com-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> On 28 January 2011, Medvedev signed the ratification resolution passed by the Federal Assembly, completing the Russian ratification process.<a href="#cite_note-af.reuters.com-8">[6]</a> The treaty went into force when Russian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Lavrov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergei Lavrov">Sergei Lavrov</a> and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton exchanged the instruments of ratification at the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Conference_on_Security_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Munich Conference on Security Policy">Security Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany, on 5 February 2011.<a href="#cite_note-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-csmonitor.com-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-af.reuters.com-8">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deadlines">Deadlines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Deadlines">edit</a>]</div> The New START Treaty requires several specific actions within periods after entry into force (EIF) (5 February 2011)<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> <ul><li>No later than (NLT) 5 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exchange Inspection Airplane Information:</dd> <dd>Lists of the types of airplanes intended to transport inspectors to points of entry will be exchanged.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 25 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exchange Lists of Inspectors and Aircrew Members:</dd> <dd>Lists of initial inspectors and aircrew will be exchanged.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 45 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exchange databases:</dd> <dd>Databases will provide information on the numbers, locations, and technical characteristics of weapon systems and facilities that are covered under the Treaty.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 60 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exhibition: Strategic Offensive Arms:</dd> <dd>If a type, variant, or version of a strategic offensive arm (SOA) that was not exhibited in connection with the START Treaty is declared, then the SOA's features and technical characteristics must be demonstrated and confirmed.</dd></dl> <ul><li>60 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Right to Conduct Inspections Begins:</dd> <dd>Parties may begin inspections, 18 on-site inspections per year are provided in the Treaty. Each Party is allowed ten Type One Inspections and eight Type Two Inspections. <dl><dd><ol><li>Type One Inspections focus on deployed and non-deployed SOAs sites. Activities include confirming accuracy of data on SOAs, the number of warheads located on designated deployed ICBMs and SLBMs, and the number of nuclear armaments to be on designated deployed heavy bombers.</li> <li>Type Two Inspections focus on sites with non-deployed SOAs. They can involve confirmation of the conversion/elimination of SOAs, and confirming the elimination of facilities.</li></ol></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 120 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exhibition: Heavy Bombers at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base:</dd> <dd>The United States will conduct a one-time exhibition of each type of environmentally-sealed deployed heavy bombers which are located at the storage facility at <a href="/wiki/Davis-Monthan_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Davis-Monthan Air Force Base">Davis-Monthan Air Force Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 180 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Initial Demonstration of Telemetry Playback Equipment:</dd> <dd>Parties will conduct an initial demonstration of recording media and playback equipment for telemetric information, information that originates on a missile during its initial motion and flight.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 225 days after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exchange Updated Databases:</dd> <dd>Parties will exchange updated databases and every six months thereafter for the duration of the Treaty.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 1 year after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exhibition: B-1B Heavy Bomber:</dd> <dd>The United States will conduct a one-time exhibition of a <a href="/wiki/B-1B" class="mw-redirect" title="B-1B">B-1B</a> heavy bomber equipped with non-nuclear armaments to demonstrate it no longer can employ nuclear armaments.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 3 years after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Exhibition: Previously Converted Missile Launchers:</dd> <dd>The United States will conduct a one-time exhibition of its four SSGNs, which are equipped with cruise missile launchers and were converted from nuclear ballistic submarines, to confirm that SSGNs cannot launch SLBMs. The United States will also hold an exhibition of the five converted ICBM launcher silos at <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">Vandenberg Air Force Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, now used as missile defense interceptor launchers. This will confirm that the converted launchers are no longer able to launch ICBMs and determine the features to distinguish converted silo launchers from unconverted ones.</dd></dl> <ul><li>NLT 7 years after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Meet Central Treaty Limits:</dd> <dd>Parties are required to meet the limits laid out in the Treaty for deployed strategic warheads, and deployed and non-deployed strategic delivery vehicles and launchers.</dd></dl> <ul><li>10 years after EIF</li></ul> <dl><dd>Treaty Expires:</dd> <dd>Unless Parties agree with an extension for up to five years.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._public_debate">U.S. public debate</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: U.S. public debate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg/220px-White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg/330px-White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg/440px-White_House_meeting_about_New_START_Treaty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a><figcaption>Obama administration officials discussing the New START Treaty at a meeting</figcaption></figure>A debate about whether to ratify the treaty took place in the United States during the run-up to the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_elections" title="2010 United States elections">2010 midterm elections</a> and in the lame-duck congressional session afterward. While a public opinion poll showed broad support for ratification,<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> another showed general skepticism over nuclear arms reductions.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable source?</a>] The <a href="/wiki/Arms_Control_Association" title="Arms Control Association">Arms Control Association</a> led efforts to rally political support, arguing that the treaty is needed to restore on-site verification and lend predictability to the U.S.–Russian strategic relationship.<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a> Other organizations supporting the treaty included the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_American_Scientists" title="Federation of American Scientists">Federation of American Scientists</a>,<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> and disarmament expert Peter Wilk of <a href="/wiki/Physicians_for_Social_Responsibility" title="Physicians for Social Responsibility">Physicians for Social Responsibility</a> called the New START treaty "essential" to ensuring a safer world and stronger diplomatic ties with Russia.<a href="#cite_note-Wilk-58">[56]</a> Republican supporters included former President George H. W. Bush<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> and all six former Republican Secretaries of State, who wrote supportive op-eds in <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a> Conservative columnist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kagan" title="Robert Kagan">Robert Kagan</a> who supported the treaty, says its goals are modest compared to previous START treaties and that the treaty should not fail because of partisan disagreements. Kagan said the Republican insistence on upgrading the U.S. nuclear arsenal was reasonable but would not be affected by the current language of the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-Kagan-62">[60]</a> <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a>, an advocacy group affiliated with <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a>, took the lead in opposing New START, lobbying the Senate along with running a petition drive and airing political advertisements before November's midterm elections. The effort drew the support of likely presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> and has been credited by former Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Tom Daschle</a> as changing some Republican votes.<a href="#cite_note-Butler-63">[61]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Feulner" title="Edwin Feulner">Edwin Feulner</a>, then president of <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a>, the language of the New START treaty would "definitely" reduce America's nuclear weapon capacity but "wouldn't necessarily" reduce Russia's, and Russia would maintain a 10–1 advantage in <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon">tactical nuclear weapons</a>, which are not counted in the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-Feulner-64">[62]</a> Arms control experts critical of the treaty included Robert Joseph, former undersecretary of state for arms control and international security, and Eric Edelman, undersecretary of defense for policy, who have written that the treaty weakens U.S. defenses.<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> Former CIA Director <a href="/wiki/James_Woolsey" title="James Woolsey">James Woolsey</a> also said that "concessions to Russian demands make it difficult to support Senate approval of the new treaty".<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> Senators <a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Jon Kyl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> complained about a lack of funding for the <a href="/wiki/Next-Generation_Bomber" title="Next-Generation Bomber">Next-Generation Bomber</a> during the treaty debate, even though this treaty would not constrain this platform.<a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a> During the Senatorial debate over the US ratification of the New START Treaty with Russia, Senator <a href="/wiki/James_Inhofe" class="mw-redirect" title="James Inhofe">James Inhofe</a> (R-OK) stated, "Russia cheats in every arms control treaty we have with them", which caused an uproar in Russian media.<a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> Additionally, there were concerns about the possibility of restrictions being imposed on the deployment of <a href="/wiki/Missile_defense" title="Missile defense">missile defense</a> systems by the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a> The Pentagon's "Report on the Strategic Nuclear Forces of the Russian Federation Pursuant to Section 1240 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012" found that even if Russia did cheat and achieved a total surprise attack with a breakout force, it would have "little to no effect" on U.S. nuclear retaliatory capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treaty_activities_and_status_of_New_START">Treaty activities and status of New START</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Treaty activities and status of New START">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monitoring_and_verification">Monitoring and verification</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Monitoring and verification">edit</a>]</div> During the negotiations for New START, verification was one of the core tenets deliberated between the United States and the Russian Federation. When New START entered into force, both participating states could begin performing inspections on each other.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> Each state is granted 18 on-site inspections per year, which fall into two categories: Type 1 and Type 2 inspections.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> Type 1 inspections are specific to military bases that house only deployed ICBMs, SLBMs, and bombers. Type 2 inspections include facilities that have non-deployed systems as well. The treaty allows only ten Type 1 and eight Type 2 inspections annually. States can also announce the arrival of an inspection team with as little notice as 32 hours.<a href="#cite_note-:0-75">[73]</a> Since 2011, both states have made gradual progress in their reductions. By February 2018, both parties had reached their reduction goals well within the treaty limits.<a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> Current information on the aggregate numbers and the locations of nuclear weapons has been made public under the treaty,<a href="#cite_note-:0-75">[73]</a> and on 13 May 2011, three former U.S. officials and two non-proliferation experts signed an open letter to both sides asking that the information be released to promote transparency, reduce mistrust, and support the nuclear arms control process in other states.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> These are the most recent values reported from inspection activities. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>New START treaty strategic arms numbers as of 1 September 2022<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State </th> <th>Deployed ICBMs, deployed SLBMs, and deployed heavy bombers </th> <th>Warheads on deployed ICBMs, deployed SLBMs, and nuclear warheads counted for deployed heavy bombers </th> <th>Deployed and non-deployed launchers of ICBMs and SLBMs, and deployed and non-deployed heavy bombers </th></tr> <tr> <th>Russian Federation </th> <td>540 </td> <td>1549 </td> <td>759 </td></tr> <tr> <th>United States of America </th> <td>659 </td> <td>1420 </td> <td>800 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_and_US_strategic_forces_before_New_START">Russian and US strategic forces before New START</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Russian and US strategic forces before New START">edit</a>]</div> The data that follows was made public under the prior START treaty. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Memorandum of Understanding data for the expired START 1 on 1 July 2009 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State </th> <th>Deployed ICBMs and their associated launchers, deployed SLBMs and their associated launchers, and deployed heavy bombers </th> <th>Warheads attributed to deployed ICBMs, deployed SLBMs, and deployed heavy bombers </th> <th>Warheads attributed to deployed ICBMs and deployed SLBMs </th> <th>Throw-weight of deployed ICBMs and deployed SLBMs (Mt) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Russian Federation<a href="#cite_note-start2009b-79">[77]</a> </th> <td>809 </td> <td>3,897 </td> <td>3,289 </td> <td>2,297.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th>United States of America<a href="#cite_note-start2009b-79">[77]</a> </th> <td>1,188 </td> <td>5,916 </td> <td>4,864 </td> <td>1,857.3 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Operative Russian strategic nuclear forces, 2009<a href="#cite_note-rus2000-80">[78]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe8"> <th> </th> <th style="width:30em">Delivery vehicles </th> <th style="width:30em">Warheads </th></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>ICBM (total)</th> <th>383</th> <th>1,355 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36M</a> UTTH / M2 (SS-18 M4/M5)</td> <td>68</td> <td>680 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UR-100N" title="UR-100N">UR-100N</a> UTTH (SS-19)</td> <td>72</td> <td>432 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol" title="RT-2PM Topol">RT-2PM</a> Topol mobile (SS-25)</td> <td>180</td> <td>180 </td></tr> <tr> <td>RT-2PM2 Topol M silo (SS-27)</td> <td>50</td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr> <td>RT-2PM2 Topol M mobile (SS-27 M1)</td> <td>15</td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RS-24" class="mw-redirect" title="RS-24">RS-24</a> Yars mobile (SS-29 Mod-X-2)</td> <td>0</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>SLBM (total)</th> <th>10/160</th> <th>576 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R-29_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="R-29 (missile)">R-29</a> RL (SS-N-18)</td> <td>64</td> <td>192 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R-29_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="R-29 (missile)">R-29</a> RM (SS-N-23)</td> <td>48</td> <td>192 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R-29_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="R-29 (missile)">R-29</a> RMU Sineva (SS-N-23)</td> <td>48</td> <td>192 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RSM-56" class="mw-redirect" title="RSM-56">RSM-56</a> Bulava (SS-NX-30)</td> <td>0</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>Bomber force (total)</th> <th>77</th> <th>856 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tu-95" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-95">Tu-95</a> MS6 (Bear H6)</td> <td>32</td> <td>192 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tu-95" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-95">Tu-95</a> MS16 (Bear H16)</td> <td>31</td> <td>496 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tu-160" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-160">Tu-160</a> (Blackjack)</td> <td>14</td> <td>168 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Strategic forces (total)</th> <th>620</th> <th>2,787 </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Operative American strategic nuclear forces, 2009<a href="#cite_note-us2009-81">[79]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe8"> <th> </th> <th style="width:30em">Delivery vehicles </th> <th style="width:30em">Warheads </th></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>ICBM (total)</th> <th>450</th> <th>550 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minuteman_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Minuteman III">Minuteman III</a> W78/Mk12A </td> <td>250 </td> <td>350 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Minuteman III W87/Mk21 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>200 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>SLBM (total)</th> <th>288</th> <th>1,152 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II" title="UGM-133 Trident II">UGM-133A</a> Trident II D-5 W76-0/Mk4 </td> <td rowspan="3">288 </td> <td>718 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II" title="UGM-133 Trident II">UGM-133A</a> Trident II D-5 W76-1/Mk4A </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II" title="UGM-133 Trident II">UGM-133A</a> Trident II D-5 W88/Mk5 </td> <td>384 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ddd;"> <th>Bomber force (total)</th> <th>113</th> <th>500 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B-2" class="mw-redirect" title="B-2">B-2</a> </td> <td>20 </td> <td>na </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B-52H" class="mw-redirect" title="B-52H">B-52H</a> </td> <td>93 </td> <td>na </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B61_nuclear_bomb" title="B61 nuclear bomb">B61</a>-7 </td> <td>na </td> <td>150 </td></tr> <tr> <td>B61-11 </td> <td>na </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/B83_nuclear_bomb" title="B83 nuclear bomb">B-83</a> </td> <td>na </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/AGM-86_ALCM" title="AGM-86 ALCM">ALCM</a>/<a href="/wiki/W80_(nuclear_warhead)" title="W80 (nuclear warhead)">W80-1</a> </td> <td>na </td> <td>350 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Strategic forces (total)</th> <th>851</th> <th>2,202 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extension_progress">Extension progress</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Extension progress">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017">2017</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2017">edit</a>]</div> On 9 February 2017, in US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s first telephone call to him, Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> inquired about extending New START, which Trump dismissed as too favorable for Russia and "one of several bad deals negotiated by the Obama administration".<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_T100_New_Start-82">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019">2019</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2019">edit</a>]</div> The announcement of the US departure from the <a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty</a> raised concerns about whether a New START extension was possible.<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> On 12 June, Andrea Thompson, U.S. undersecretary of state for arms control and international security, and Russian Deputy Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Ryabkov" title="Sergei Ryabkov">Sergey Ryabkov</a> met for the first time since 2017.<a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a> These discussions included the importance of negotiating a multilateral treaty, which would include <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, France, and the United Kingdom. Many members of Congress wrote a letter urging the Trump administration to extend New START, citing its importance to nuclear security and its robust verification regime.<a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a> Delegations from both the US and Russia met in Geneva in July 2019 to begin discussions on arms control, including how to include China in a future three-way nuclear arms control treaty.<a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a> On 1 November 2019, Vladimir Leontyev, a Russian foreign ministry official, was quoted as saying he did not believe there was enough time left for Moscow and Washington to draft a replacement to the New START treaty before it expired in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters-87">[85]</a> In December 2019, Putin publicly offered the US an immediate extension to the treaty without any modifications and gave US inspectors a chance to inspect a new hypersonic glide vehicle, <a href="/wiki/Avangard_(hypersonic_glide_vehicle)" title="Avangard (hypersonic glide vehicle)">Avangard</a>, which would fall under the New START limits.<a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020">2020</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2020">edit</a>]</div> In February 2020, the Trump administration announced plans to pursue nuclear arms control negotiations with Russia, which had not occurred since Secretary of State Pompeo's testimony that conversations on renewing New START were beginning.<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a> In light of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, inspections of missile sites of both the US and Russia, typically conducted to ensure compliance with the treaty, were suspended.<a href="#cite_note-:1-90">[88]</a> In July 2020, US and Russian officials met in Vienna for arms control talks. The US invited China to join, but the latter country made it clear that it would not participate.<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a> Discussions continued between the US and Russia, with the US proposing a binding statement for Russia to sign. This would include an outline for a new treaty, which would cover all Russian nuclear weapons and expand the current monitoring and verification regime implemented by New START, with the goal of bringing China into a future treaty.<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> In mid-October, Putin proposed to "extend the current agreement without any pre-conditions at least for one year",<a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> but Trump rejected this. Subsequently, Russian officials agreed to a US proposal to freeze nuclear warhead production for a year and to extend the treaty by a year. US Department of State spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Morgan_Ortagus" title="Morgan Ortagus">Morgan Ortagus</a> stated that "We appreciate the Russian Federation's willingness to make progress on the issue of nuclear arms control" and that the US was "prepared to meet immediately to finalize a verifiable agreement".<a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021">2021</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2021">edit</a>]</div> On the day of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>'s inauguration, Russia urged <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">the new U.S. administration</a> to take a "more constructive" approach in talks over the extension of the New START, with the Russian foreign ministry accusing the Trump administration of "deliberately and intentionally" dismantling international arms control agreements and referring to its "counterproductive and openly aggressive" approach in talks.<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> The Biden administration said that it would seek a five-year extension of the treaty, which was then set to expire in February 2021.<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> On 26 January, Biden and Putin agreed in a phone call that they would extend the treaty by five years.<a href="#cite_note-97">[95]</a> Russian spokesman <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Peskov" title="Dmitry Peskov">Dmitry Peskov</a> replied that his country "stands for extending the treaty" and is waiting to see the details of the US proposal.<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a> On 27 January, the Russian <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> voted to ratify the extension.<a href="#cite_note-99">[97]</a> On 3 February, five days after Putin signed this legislation, Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> announced that the U.S. had formally agreed to extend the treaty for five years, until 2026.<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022">2022</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 2022">edit</a>]</div> In November 2022, The Russian Foreign Ministry postponed a meeting with the U.S. meant to discuss resuming New START inspections.<a href="#cite_note-:1-90">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> The US State Department responded that they were "ready to reschedule at the earliest possible date as resuming inspections is a priority for sustaining the treaty as an instrument of stability." The Russian Foreign Ministry did not give a reason for the delay, although the relations between the United States and Russia became critically strained after <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine</a> in February 2022. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suspension_and_aftermath">Suspension and aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Suspension and aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png/220px-Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png/330px-Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png/440px-Putin_21_Feb_2023_Speech.png 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="742" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> announcing the plans to suspend Russia's participation in the New START treaty during his February 2023 speech</figcaption></figure> On 21 February 2023, during the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Address_to_the_Federal_Assembly" title="Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly">Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> announced the suspension of Russia's participation in the New START treaty, saying that Russia would not allow the US and <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> to inspect its nuclear facilities. He claimed the United States was continuing to develop new nuclear weapons, and warned that any nuclear weapons tests conducted by the Americans would be countered by Russia developing and testing its own.<a href="#cite_note-230221_suspension_nhk-12">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> Putin also complained that <a href="/wiki/French_nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="French nuclear weapons">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="British nuclear weapons">British nuclear weapons</a> are not covered by the treaty. <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Markov" title="Sergei Markov">Sergei Markov</a>, director of the Russian Institute for Political Studies, said, "If Washington does not listen to Moscow now, this is Putin's warning that he may withdraw [altogether] from the treaty. In a few years, there could be a colossal change that would catastrophically reduce U.S. nuclear security."<a href="#cite_note-WSJSuspends-104">[102]</a> On 21 February, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> said that the Russian president's decision "is both really unfortunate and very irresponsible," while <a href="/wiki/Jens_Stoltenberg" title="Jens Stoltenberg">Jens Stoltenberg</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_NATO" title="Secretary General of NATO">Secretary General of NATO</a> said, "I strongly encourage Russia to reconsider its decision and to respect existing agreements."<a href="#cite_note-WSJSuspends-104">[102]</a> On 22 February, a senior defence official from Russia announced that Russia would stick to agreed limits on nuclear missiles and keep informing the United States about changes in its deployments.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-limits-105">[103]</a> On 29 March, <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Ryabkov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Ryabkov">Sergey Ryabkov</a> announced the discontinuation of the notification process: "There will be no notifications at all... All notifications, all kinds of notifications, all activities under the treaty will be suspended and will not be conducted regardless of what position the U.S. may take."<a href="#cite_note-viap-106">[104]</a> The same day the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Russian Ministry of Defence</a> reported that it "has begun exercises with its Yars intercontinental ballistic missile system and several thousand troops".<a href="#cite_note-reuters-exercise-107">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-yars23-108">[106]</a> On 30 March, Sergey Ryabkov announced that "Moscow would continue to notify the United States of any intercontinental or submarine ballistic missile launches despite suspending the last remaining nuclear arms control treaty between the two countries" based on the <a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty</a> from 1988: "Ryabkov said Russia, despite the suspension, had pledged to stick to the warhead limits and would also continue to implement a 1988 agreement on the exchange of missile launch notifications".<a href="#cite_note-reuters-notifications-109">[107]</a> On 2 June, the United States revoked visas of Russian nuclear inspectors, describing this step as a "lawful countermeasure" to Russia's "ongoing violations" of the treaty.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_NPT_Review_Conference" title="2010 NPT Review Conference">2010 NPT Review Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks" title="Strategic Arms Limitation Talks">Strategic Arms Limitation Talks</a> (SALT I and II)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Moscow_(2002)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Moscow (2002)">Treaty of Moscow (2002)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Original following extension in 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Participation suspended by Russia on 21 February 2023, though treaty is still in effect.<a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USA_Today/The_Associated_Press_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved 1 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92&rft.date=2009-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fevrazia.org%2Fnews%2F7106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-США_и_РФ_достигли_прогресса_в_ходе_переговоров_по_СНВ_в_Женеве_29-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rian.ru/defense_safety/20090724/178534144.html">"США и РФ достигли прогресса в ходе переговоров по СНВ в Женеве"</a> (in Russian). 24 July 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90+%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92+%D0%B2+%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5&rft.date=2009-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rian.ru%2Fdefense_safety%2F20090724%2F178534144.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-РФ_и_США_приступили_к_отработке_конкретных_статей_договора_по_СНВ-30"><a href="#cite_ref-РФ_и_США_приступили_к_отработке_конкретных_статей_договора_по_СНВ_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rian.ru/politics/20090905/183779271.html">"РФ и США приступили к отработке конкретных статей договора по СНВ"</a> (in Russian). 5 September 2009. Retrieved 19 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BA+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92&rft.date=2009-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frian.ru%2Fpolitics%2F20090905%2F183779271.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Календарь_событий_19_сентября_-_20_октября-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Календарь_событий_19_сентября_-_20_октября_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rian.ru/announce/20090917/185424192.html">"Календарь событий 19 сентября – 20 октября"</a> (in Russian). 24 March 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9+19+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F+%E2%80%93+20+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frian.ru%2Fannounce%2F20090917%2F185424192.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Очередной_раунд_переговоров_России_и_США_по_СНВ_пройдет_в_Женеве-32"><a href="#cite_ref-Очередной_раунд_переговоров_России_и_США_по_СНВ_пройдет_в_Женеве_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rian.ru/defense_safety/20090921/185791054.html">"Очередной раунд переговоров России и США по СНВ пройдет в Женеве"</a> (in Russian). 21 September 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B2+%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5&rft.date=2009-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frian.ru%2Fdefense_safety%2F20090921%2F185791054.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-На_выработку_нового_договора_по_СНВ_у_США_и_России_остался_месяц-33"><a href="#cite_ref-На_выработку_нового_договора_по_СНВ_у_США_и_России_остался_месяц_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170829184249/http://k2kapital.com/news/fin/753392.html">"На выработку нового договора по СНВ у США и России остался месяц"</a> (in Russian). 8 November 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://k2kapital.com/news/fin/753392.html">the original</a> on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 8 November 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92+%D1%83+%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90+%D0%B8+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%86&rft.date=2009-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fk2kapital.com%2Fnews%2Ffin%2F753392.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-МИД_РФ_о_новом_раунде_российско-американских_переговоров_по_СНВ-34"><a href="#cite_ref-МИД_РФ_о_новом_раунде_российско-американских_переговоров_по_СНВ_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927225024/http://russian.people.com.cn/31519/6806688.html">"МИД РФ о новом раунде российско-американских переговоров по СНВ"</a> (in Russian). 8 November 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://russian.people.com.cn/31519/6806688.html">the original</a> on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%98%D0%94+%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5+%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92&rft.date=2009-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frussian.people.com.cn%2F31519%2F6806688.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Россия_и_США_согласовали_текст_договора_по_СНВ-35"><a href="#cite_ref-Россия_и_США_согласовали_текст_договора_по_СНВ_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lenta.ru/news/2009/07/06/snv/">"Россия и США согласовали текст договора по СНВ"</a> (in Russian). 6 July 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92&rft.date=2009-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flenta.ru%2Fnews%2F2009%2F07%2F06%2Fsnv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Медведев_и_Обама_подписали_рамочный_документ_по_СНВ-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Медведев_и_Обама_подписали_рамочный_документ_по_СНВ_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rian.ru/politics/20090706/176476664.html">"Медведев и Обама подписали рамочный документ по СНВ"</a> (in Russian). 6 July 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%92&rft.date=2009-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rian.ru%2Fpolitics%2F20090706%2F176476664.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Медведев_и_Обама_договорились_сократить_стратегическое_вооружение-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Медведев_и_Обама_договорились_сократить_стратегическое_вооружение_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lenta.ru/news/2009/07/06/agree/">"Медведев и Обама договорились сократить стратегическое вооружение"</a> (in Russian). 6 July 2009. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+NEWS&rft.atitle=US+retaliates+for+Russia%27s+suspension+of+New+START+treaty+by+revoking+visas+of+nuclear+inspectors&rft.date=2023-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fus-russia-new-start-nuclear-16285354fcdc4f6a8ef18367620707e3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+START" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_START&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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Century</a> Video by Carl Robichaud, <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Effective_Altruism" title="Centre for Effective Altruism">Centre for Effective Altruism</a>, 21 March 2020.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/t/avc/trty/126118.htm">New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START)</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2010/04/08/new-start-treaty-and-protocol">The New START Treaty and Protocol</a> from Whitehouse.gov</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/R41219.pdf">The New START Treaty: Central Limits and Key Provisions</a> <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracynow.org/2010/12/21/as_dems_work_to_ratify_start">Jonathan Schell Says U.S.-Russia "Nuclear Standoff" Defies "Rational Explanation"</a> – video report by Democracy Now!</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbr.org/research/activity.aspx?id=213">New START, One Year Later</a>, Interview with Christopher A. 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href="/wiki/Template:Nuclear_weapons_limitation_treaty" title="Template:Nuclear weapons limitation treaty"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nuclear_weapons_limitation_treaty" title="Template talk:Nuclear weapons limitation treaty"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nuclear_weapons_limitation_treaty" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nuclear weapons limitation treaty"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nuclear_weapons_limitation_treaties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Nuclear weapons limitation treaties</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1963 <a href="/wiki/Partial_Nuclear_Test_Ban_Treaty" title="Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty">Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty</a></li> <li>1968 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Non-Proliferation_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons</a></li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tlatelolco" title="Treaty of Tlatelolco">Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li> <li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Anti-Ballistic_Missile_Treaty" title="Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty">Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Threshold_Test_Ban_Treaty" title="Threshold Test Ban Treaty">Threshold Test Ban Treaty</a></li> <li>1970s <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks" title="Strategic Arms Limitation Talks">Strategic Arms Limitation Talks</a></li> <li>1971 <a href="/wiki/Seabed_Arms_Control_Treaty" title="Seabed Arms Control Treaty">Seabed Arms Control Treaty</a></li> <li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Peaceful_Nuclear_Explosions_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty">Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rarotonga" title="Treaty of Rarotonga">South Pacific Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/wiki/START_I" title="START I">START I</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/START_II" title="START II">START II</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/United_States_%E2%80%93_Russia_mutual_detargeting" title="United States – Russia mutual detargeting">United States – Russia mutual detargeting</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Nuclear-Weapon-Free_Zone_Treaty" title="Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty">Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Nuclear-Test-Ban_Treaty" title="Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty">Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty</a> (not in force)</li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/African_Nuclear-Weapon-Free_Zone_Treaty" title="African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty">African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/START_III" title="START III">START III</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Offensive_Reductions_Treaty" title="Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty">Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_Nuclear_Weapon_Free_Zone" title="Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone">Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone</a></li> <li>2010 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">New START</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_nuclear_weapons" title="History of nuclear weapons">History of nuclear weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_nuclear_weapons_development" title="Timeline of nuclear weapons development">Timeline of nuclear weapons development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_deterrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear deterrence">Nuclear deterrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_arms_race" title="Nuclear arms race">Nuclear arms race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">Nuclear disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_delivery" title="Nuclear weapons delivery">Nuclear weapons delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon_design" title="Nuclear weapon design">Nuclear weapon design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_ethics" title="Nuclear ethics">Nuclear ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_proliferation" title="Nuclear proliferation">Nuclear proliferation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_testing" title="Nuclear weapons testing">Nuclear weapons testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warfare" title="Nuclear warfare">Nuclear warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Arms_control_treaties" title="Category:Arms control treaties">Category:Arms control treaties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Russia–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Russia–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Russia–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russia–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Russia–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">Russia–United States relations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Russia,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Russia, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of Russia, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Russia_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Russia to the United States">Ambassadors of Russia to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ambassador%27s_residence_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Russian ambassador's residence in Washington, D.C.">Russian ambassador's residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Moscow" title="Embassy of the United States, Moscow">Embassy of the United States, Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Russia" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Russia">Ambassadors of the United States to Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaso_House" title="Spaso House">Spaso House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_Russia_in_Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate-General of Russia in Houston">Consulate-General of Russia, Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_Russia_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate-General of Russia in New York City">Consulate-General of Russia, New York City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Hammond_House" title="John Henry Hammond House">John Henry Hammond House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_Russia_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate-General of Russia in San Francisco">Consulate-General of Russia, San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmcroft_Estate" title="Elmcroft Estate">Elmcroft Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothrop_Mansion" title="Lothrop Mansion">Lothrop Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Point,_Maryland" title="Pioneer Point, Maryland">Pioneer Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Russia_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Mission of Russia to the United Nations">Permanent Mission of Russia to the United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killenworth" title="Killenworth">Killenworth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_European_and_Eurasian_Affairs" title="Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs">Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summits" title="List of Russia–United States summits">Diplomacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Provide_Hope" title="Operation Provide Hope">Operation Provide Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Summit_(1998)" title="Moscow Summit (1998)">1998 Moscow Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia_Summit_2001" title="Slovenia Summit 2001">2001 Slovenia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia_Summit_2005" title="Slovakia Summit 2005">2005 Slovakia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5%2B2_format" title="5+2 format">5+2 format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_reset" title="Russian reset">Russian reset</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obama%E2%80%93Medvedev_Commission" title="Obama–Medvedev Commission">Obama–Medvedev Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_peace_proposals_on_Syria" title="U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria">U.S.–Russia peace proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Syria%27s_chemical_weapons" title="Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons">Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_St._Petersburg_raid" title="2017 St. Petersburg raid">2017 St. Petersburg raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">2018 Helsinki summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2021 Russia–United States summit">2021 Geneva summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean_Conference" title="Arctic Ocean Conference">Arctic Ocean Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilulissat_Declaration" title="Ilulissat Declaration">Ilulissat Declaration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Initiative_to_Combat_Nuclear_Terrorism" title="Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism">Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore-Chernomyrdin_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission">Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_U.S._Russia_Investment_Fund" title="The U.S. Russia Investment Fund">The U.S. Russia Investment Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_Joint_Commission_on_POW/MIAs" title="U.S.–Russia Joint Commission on POW/MIAs">U.S.–Russia Joint Commission on POW/MIAs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow%E2%80%93Washington_hotline" title="Moscow–Washington hotline">Moscow–Washington hotline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir_program" title="Shuttle–Mir program">Shuttle–Mir program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ankara_prisoner_exchange" title="2024 Ankara prisoner exchange">2024 Ankara prisoner exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIMPAC" title="RIMPAC">RIMPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Russian_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Russian espionage in the United States">Incidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_incident_off_Kildin_Island" title="Submarine incident off Kildin Island">Kildin Island submarine incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_incident_off_Kola_Peninsula" title="Submarine incident off Kola Peninsula">Kola Peninsula submarine incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_rocket_incident" title="Norwegian rocket incident">Norwegian rocket incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Juan_de_Fuca_laser_incident" title="Strait of Juan de Fuca laser incident">Strait of Juan de Fuca laser incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itar-Tass_Russian_News_Agency_v._Russian_Kurier,_Inc." title="Itar-Tass Russian News Agency v. Russian Kurier, Inc.">Itar-Tass Russian News Agency v. Russian Kurier, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_kidnapping_of_Mormon_missionaries_in_Saratov,_Russia" title="1998 kidnapping of Mormon missionaries in Saratov, Russia">Kidnapping of Mormon missionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incident_at_Pristina_airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Incident at Pristina airport">Pristina airport incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="List of Russian detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Russian Guantanamo Bay detainees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RM_Broadcasting" title="RM Broadcasting">RM Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegals_Program" title="Illegals Program">Illegals Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Holmes_(CIA)" title="Stephen Holmes (CIA)">Stephen Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Deterrence_Initiative" title="European Deterrence Initiative">European Deterrence Initiative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Atlantic_Resolve" title="Operation Atlantic Resolve">Operation Atlantic Resolve</a></li></ul></li> <li>Russian interference in United States elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">2016</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Links_between_Trump_associates_and_Russian_officials" title="Links between Trump associates and Russian officials">Links between Trump associates and Russian officials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steele_dossier" title="Steele dossier">Steele dossier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Butina" title="Maria Butina">Maria Butina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2018_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2018 United States elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2020_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2020 United States elections">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2024_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2024 United States elections">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_disclosures_of_classified_information" title="Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information">Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havana_syndrome" title="Havana syndrome">Havana syndrome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zersetzung" title="Zersetzung">Zersetzung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Battle of Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poisoning_of_Sergei_and_Yulia_Skripal" title="Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal">Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Trevor_Reed" title="Arrest of Trevor Reed">Arrest of Trevor Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_bounty_program" title="Russian bounty program">Russian bounty program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Bout%E2%80%93Brittney_Griner_prisoner_exchange" title="Viktor Bout–Brittney Griner prisoner exchange">Viktor Bout–Brittney Griner prisoner exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Black_Sea_drone_incident" title="2023 Black Sea drone incident">Black Sea drone incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_spies_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Pentagon_document_leaks" title="2022–2023 Pentagon document leaks">2022–2023 Pentagon document leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_R_incident" title="Lady R incident">Lady R incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Tenet_Media_investigation" title="2024 Tenet Media investigation">2024 Tenet Media investigation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jackson%E2%80%93Vanik_amendment" title="Jackson–Vanik amendment">Jackson–Vanik amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_foreign_agent_law" title="Russian foreign agent law">Russian foreign agent law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnitsky_Act" title="Magnitsky Act">Magnitsky Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dima_Yakovlev_Law" title="Dima Yakovlev Law">Dima Yakovlev Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_List" title="Guantanamo List">Guantanamo List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Freedom_Support_Act_of_2014" title="Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014">Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_undesirable_organizations_law" title="Russian undesirable organizations law">Russian undesirable organizations law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defending_Elections_from_Threats_by_Establishing_Redlines_Act" title="Defending Elections from Threats by Establishing Redlines Act">Defending Elections from Threats by Establishing Redlines Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defending_American_Security_from_Kremlin_Aggression_Act" title="Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act">Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Venezuelan_Threat_Mitigation_Act" title="Russian–Venezuelan Threat Mitigation Act">Russian–Venezuelan Threat Mitigation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_KleptoCapture" title="Task Force KleptoCapture">Task Force KleptoCapture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_14071" title="Executive Order 14071">Executive Order 14071</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/START_II" title="START II">START II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/START_III" title="START III">START III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_%E2%80%93_Russia_mutual_detargeting" title="United States – Russia mutual detargeting">Mutual detargeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megatons_to_Megawatts_Program" title="Megatons to Megawatts Program">Megatons to Megawatts Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Offensive_Reductions_Treaty" title="Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty">Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New START</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russian Empire–United States relations">Russian Empire–United States relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Soviet Union–United States relations">Soviet Union–United States relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO%E2%80%93Russia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO–Russia relations">NATO–Russia relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Russia" title="Anti-American sentiment in Russia">Anti-American sentiment in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_legs" title="Bush legs">Bush legs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_on_Global_Interests" title="Center on Global Interests">Center on Global Interests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Russian_Americans" title="Congress of Russian Americans">Congress of Russian Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-American_School_of_Moscow" title="Anglo-American School of Moscow">Anglo-American School of Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_and_prostitution_in_South_Korea" title="United States military and prostitution in South Korea">United States military and prostitution in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Mission_School_in_New_York" title="Russian Mission School in New York">Russian Mission School in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Embassy_School_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Russian Embassy School in Washington, D.C.">Russian Embassy School in Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Cultural_Center" title="Russian Cultural Center">Russian Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Launch_Services" title="International Launch Services">International Launch Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Russia_Foundation" title="U.S. Russia Foundation">U.S. Russia Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_Business_Council" title="U.S.–Russia Business Council">U.S.–Russia Business Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_US%E2%80%93Russia_Forum" title="Stanford US–Russia Forum">Stanford US–Russia Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Flight_Europe-America_500" title="Space Flight Europe-America 500">Space Flight Europe-America 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_the_Arctic" title="Territorial claims in the Arctic">Territorial claims in the Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Great_Game" title="New Great Game">New Great Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Cold_War" title="Second Cold War">Second Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_One_Inch_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Not One Inch (book)">Not One Inch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:Russia–United States relations">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dmitry_Medvedev" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Template:Dmitry Medvedev"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Template talk:Dmitry Medvedev"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dmitry Medvedev"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dmitry_Medvedev" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Russia" title="List of presidents of Russia">3rd President of Russia</a> (2008–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Russia" title="List of heads of government of Russia">37th Prime Minister of Russia</a> (2012–2020)</li> <li>Vice Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Russia" title="Security Council of Russia">Security Council</a> (2020–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="2008 Russian presidential election">2008 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev_presidential_campaign,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Dmitry Medvedev presidential campaign, 2008">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Inauguration of Dmitry Medvedev">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev">Presidency</a></li> <li>Leadership of <a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a></li> <li>Legislative elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Russian_legislative_election" title="2016 Russian legislative election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_legislative_election" title="2021 Russian legislative election">2021</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Dmitry_Medvedev" title="List of international presidential trips made by Dmitry Medvedev">List of international trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medvedev_modernisation_programme" title="Medvedev modernisation programme">Modernisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">War in South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_military_reform" title="2008 Russian military reform">Military reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Russia" title="Great Recession in Russia">2008–09 recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Russia" title="2008 amendments to the Constitution of Russia">Amendments to the Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skolkovo_Innovation_Center" title="Skolkovo Innovation Center">Skolkovo Innovation Center</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New START</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Russia#Russian_Federation" title="Time in Russia">Time zones reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_police_reform" title="Russian police reform">Police reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_anti-corruption_campaign" title="Russian anti-corruption campaign">Anti-corruption campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premiership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev%27s_First_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dmitry Medvedev's First Cabinet">First Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev%27s_Second_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dmitry Medvedev's Second Cabinet">Second Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_pension_protests" title="2018 Russian pension protests">Pension reform</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Medvedeva" title="Svetlana Medvedeva">Svetlana Medvedeva</a> (spouse)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorofei" title="Dorofei">Dorofei</a> (family cat)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/He_Is_Not_Dimon_to_You" title="He Is Not Dimon to You">He Is Not Dimon to You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_Russian_protests" title="2017–2018 Russian protests">2017–2018 Russian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandemocracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tandemocracy">Tandemocracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">← Vladimir Putin →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Category:Dmitry Medvedev">Category:Dmitry Medvedev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Barack_Obama" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Barack_Obama" title="Template:Barack Obama"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Barack_Obama" title="Template talk:Barack Obama"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Barack_Obama" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Barack Obama"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Barack_Obama" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">44th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (2009–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">from Illinois</a> (2005–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate" title="Illinois Senate">Illinois Senator</a> from the 13th district (1997–2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Barack_Obama" title="Early life and career of Barack Obama">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate_career_of_Barack_Obama" title="Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama">Illinois Senate career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">2004 Democratic National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_career_of_Barack_Obama" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate career of Barack Obama">U.S. Senate career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Barack_Obama" title="Political positions of Barack Obama">Political positions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration">Administration foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Barack Obama administration">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_on_mass_surveillance" title="Barack Obama on mass surveillance">Mass surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Social policy of the Barack Obama administration">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Space policy of the Barack Obama administration">Space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2009 Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Wing_Week" title="West Wing Week">West Wing Week</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">Presidency</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidential transition of Barack Obama">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="First inauguration of Barack Obama">2009 inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="Second inauguration of Barack Obama">2013 inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency" title="First 100 days of the Barack Obama presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2009)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2009)">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2010)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2010)">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2011)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2011)">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2012)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2012)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2013)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2013)">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2014)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2014)">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2015)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2015)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2016–2017)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency_(2016%E2%80%932017)#January_2017" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency (2016–2017)">January 2017</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration">Foreign policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_foreign_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Middle Eastern foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)#Reassessment_and_renewed_commitment_from_2008" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_United_States_troops_from_Iraq_(2007%E2%80%932011)" title="Withdrawal of United States troops from Iraq (2007–2011)">Iraq withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">Killing of Osama bin Laden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Benghazi_attack" title="2012 Benghazi attack">Benghazi attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US-led_intervention_in_Iraq_(2014%E2%80%932021)" title="US-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021)">Return to Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">War in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Iran nuclear deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_foreign_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="East Asian foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration">Pivot to Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_thaw" title="Cuban thaw">Cuban thaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama_Doctrine" title="Obama Doctrine">Obama Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_foreign_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="European foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration">Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration">Economic policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodd%E2%80%93Frank_Wall_Street_Reform_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act">Dodd–Frank Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilly_Ledbetter_Fair_Pay_Act_of_2009" title="Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009">Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Energy policy of the Barack Obama administration">Energy</a>/Environmental <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_R._Lautenberg_Chemical_Safety_for_the_21st_Century_Act" title="Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act">Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_policy_of_the_Barack_Obama_administration" title="Marine policy of the Barack Obama administration">Marine policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Energy_for_America" title="New Energy for America">New Energy for America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_greenhouse_gases_under_the_Clean_Air_Act" title="Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act">Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Power_Plan" title="Clean Power Plan">Clean Power Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 2014</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthy,_Hunger-Free_Kids_Act_of_2010" title="Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010">Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New START</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_Ahead_for_Progress_in_the_21st_Century_Act" title="Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act">MAP-21st Century Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixing_America%27s_Surface_Transportation_Act" title="Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act">FAST Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_granted_executive_clemency_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of people granted executive clemency by Barack Obama">Pardons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama">Presidential trips</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2009)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2009)">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2010)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2010)">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2011)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2011)">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2012)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2012)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2013)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2013)">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2014)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2014)">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2015)" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2015)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama_(2016%E2%80%932017)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of presidential trips made by Barack Obama (2016–2017)">2016–17</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of international presidential trips made by Barack Obama">international</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Barack Obama Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination">Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Elena Kagan Supreme Court nomination">Kagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination">Garland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Barack_Obama" title="Cabinet of Barack Obama">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Presidential_Center" title="Barack Obama Presidential Center">Presidential Library and Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of executive actions by Barack Obama">Executive actions</a> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Barack_Hussein_Obama/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Barack Hussein Obama/Executive orders">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_memoranda_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of presidential memoranda by Barack Obama">Memoranda</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Barack_Obama/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Barack Obama/Presidential Proclamations">Proclamations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">Trump transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_Estate" title="Plantation Estate">Plantation Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_by_Barack_Obama" title="Category:Books by Barack Obama">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dreams_from_My_Father" title="Dreams from My Father">Dreams from My Father (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Audacity_of_Hope" title="The Audacity of Hope">The Audacity of Hope (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Of_Thee_I_Sing_(book)" title="Of Thee I Sing (book)">Of Thee I Sing (2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Promised_Land" title="A Promised Land">A Promised Land (2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speeches_of_Barack_Obama" title="Speeches of Barack Obama">Speeches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention_keynote_address" title="2004 Democratic National Convention keynote address">The Audacity of Hope</a>" (2004)</li> <li>"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Remarks_of_Senator_Barack_Obama_on_New_Hampshire_Primary_Night" class="extiw" title="s:Remarks of Senator Barack Obama on New Hampshire Primary Night">Yes We Can</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_More_Perfect_Union_(speech)" title="A More Perfect Union (speech)">A More Perfect Union</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_election_victory_speech" title="Barack Obama 2008 presidential election victory speech">Change Has Come to America</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama#Ceremony:_"A_New_Birth_of_Freedom"" title="First inauguration of Barack Obama">A New Birth of Freedom</a>" (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2009_Barack_Obama_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (2009)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_New_Beginning_(speech)" title="A New Beginning (speech)">A New Beginning</a>" (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2009_Barack_Obama_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="September 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress (health care reform)</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2010 State of the Union Address">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2011 State of the Union Address">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2012 State of the Union Address">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2013 State of the Union Address">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2014 State of the Union Address">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2015 State of the Union Address">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2016 State of the Union Address">2016</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Tucson_memorial_speech" title="Barack Obama Tucson memorial speech">Tucson memorial speech</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Jobs_Act" title="American Jobs Act">Joint session of Congress (jobs)</a> (2011)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You_didn%27t_build_that" title="You didn't build that">You didn't build that</a>" (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Selma_50th_anniversary_speech" title="Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech">Selma 50th anniversary</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama%27s_farewell_address" title="Barack Obama's farewell address">Farewell address</a> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Barack_Obama" title="Electoral history of Barack Obama">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illinois</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate_elections_of_Barack_Obama" title="Illinois Senate elections of Barack Obama">State Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate_elections_of_Barack_Obama#First_state_Senate_election,_1996" title="Illinois Senate elections of Barack Obama">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate_elections_of_Barack_Obama#Second_state_Senate_election,_1998" title="Illinois Senate elections of Barack Obama">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate_elections_of_Barack_Obama#Third_state_Senate_election,_2002" title="Illinois Senate elections of Barack Obama">2002</a></li></ul></li> <li>U.S. House of Representatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district_election" title="2000 Illinois's 1st congressional district election">2000</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Illinois" title="2004 United States Senate election in Illinois">2004</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign">2008 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_and_conservative_support_for_Barack_Obama_in_2008" title="Republican and conservative support for Barack Obama in 2008">GOP/conservative support</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_campaign_staff_members" title="List of Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign staff members">staff members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2008_presidential_primary_campaign" title="Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign">primary campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2008 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign">2012 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Barack_Obama_2012_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2012 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2012 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Barack_Obama" title="Family of Barack Obama">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Dunham" title="Ann Dunham">Ann Dunham</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Sr." title="Barack Obama Sr.">Barack Obama Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolo_Soetoro" title="Lolo Soetoro">Lolo Soetoro</a> (stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Soetoro-Ng" title="Maya Soetoro-Ng">Maya Soetoro-Ng</a> (maternal half-sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Armour_Dunham" title="Stanley Armour Dunham">Stanley Armour Dunham</a> (maternal grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madelyn_Dunham" title="Madelyn Dunham">Madelyn Dunham</a> (maternal grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auma_Obama" title="Auma Obama">Auma Obama</a> (paternal half-sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Obama" title="Malik Obama">Malik Obama</a> (paternal half-brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Robinson" title="Marian Robinson">Marian Robinson</a> (mother-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Robinson_(basketball)" title="Craig Robinson (basketball)">Craig Robinson</a> (brother-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_(dog)" title="Bo (dog)">Bo</a> (family dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunny_(dog)" title="Sunny (dog)">Sunny</a> (family dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Barack_Obama" title="Template:Barack Obama"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Barack_Obama" title="Template talk:Barack Obama"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Barack_Obama" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Barack Obama"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_image" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Barack_Obama" title="Public image of Barack Obama">Public image</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News and political events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey%27s_endorsement_of_Barack_Obama" title="Oprah Winfrey's endorsement of Barack Obama">Oprah Winfrey's endorsement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_citizenship_conspiracy_theories" title="Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories">Citizenship conspiracy theories</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_eligibility_litigation" title="Barack Obama presidential eligibility litigation">litigation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_religion_conspiracy_theories" title="Barack Obama religion conspiracy theories">Religion conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ayers_2008_presidential_election_controversy" title="Bill Ayers 2008 presidential election controversy">Bill Ayers controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Wright_controversy" title="Jeremiah Wright controversy">Jeremiah Wright controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_and_conservative_support_for_Barack_Obama_in_2008" title="Republican and conservative support for Barack Obama in 2008">Republican and conservative support (2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_incidents_involving_Barack_Obama" title="Security incidents involving Barack Obama">Assassination threats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_assassination_plot_in_Denver" title="Barack Obama assassination plot in Denver">2008 Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_assassination_plot_in_Tennessee" title="Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee">2008 Tennessee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invitations_to_the_first_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="Invitations to the first inauguration of Barack Obama">First inauguration invitations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_One:_The_Obama_Inaugural_Celebration_at_the_Lincoln_Memorial" title="We Are One: The Obama Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial">Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen%27s_Briefing_Book" title="Citizen's Briefing Book">Citizen's Briefing Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_protests" title="Tea Party protests">Tea Party protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Energy_for_America" title="New Energy for America">New Energy for America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_arrest_controversy#Presidential_involvement" title="Henry Louis Gates arrest controversy">Gates–Crowley Rose Garden meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firing_of_Shirley_Sherrod" title="Firing of Shirley Sherrod">Firing of Shirley Sherrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Barack_Obama" title="Efforts to impeach Barack Obama">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_tan_suit_controversy" title="Barack Obama tan suit controversy">Tan suit controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Barack_Obama" title="Category:Books about Barack Obama">Books about</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Barack_Obama" title="Bibliography of Barack Obama">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama:_From_Promise_to_Power" title="Obama: From Promise to Power">Obama: From Promise to Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama:_Der_schwarze_Kennedy" title="Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy">Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemption_Song_(Stanage_book)" title="Redemption Song (Stanage book)">Redemption Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Case_Against_Barack_Obama" title="The Case Against Barack Obama">The Case Against Barack Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Obama_Nation" title="The Obama Nation">The Obama Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Corruption" title="Culture of Corruption">Culture of Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(Morris_and_McGann_book)" title="Catastrophe (Morris and McGann book)">Catastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_and_Michelle" title="Barack and Michelle">Barack and Michelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Speech_(Sharpley-Whiting_book)" title="The Speech (Sharpley-Whiting book)">The Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Obama_Story" title="The Obama Story">The Obama Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Between_Barack_and_a_Hard_Place" title="Between Barack and a Hard Place">Between Barack and a Hard Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Change" title="Game Change">Game Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama_Zombies" title="Obama Zombies">Obama Zombies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Victory" title="Conservative Victory">Conservative Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge:_The_Life_and_Rise_of_Barack_Obama" title="The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama">The Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Obama_Diaries" title="The Obama Diaries">The Obama Diaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Obama_Syndrome" title="The Obama Syndrome">The Obama Syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Obama_Identity" title="The Obama Identity">The Obama Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O:_A_Presidential_Novel" title="O: A Presidential Novel">O: A Presidential Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Where%27s_the_Birth_Certificate%3F" title="Where's the Birth Certificate?">Where's the Birth Certificate?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama%27s_Last_Stand" title="Obama's Last Stand">Obama's Last Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama:_The_Story" title="Barack Obama: The Story">Barack Obama: The Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Down:_Game_Change_2012" title="Double Down: Game Change 2012"> Game Change 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyer%27s_Remorse_(book)" title="Buyer's Remorse (book)">Buyer's Remorse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_Star_(book)" title="Rising Star (book)">Rising Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shade:_A_Tale_of_Two_Presidents" title="Shade: A Tale of Two Presidents">Shade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_as_It_Is_(book)" title="The World as It Is (book)">The World as It Is</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber_Lee_Ettinger" title="Amber Lee Ettinger">Obama Girl</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Crush_on_Obama" title="Crush on Obama">I Got a Crush... on Obama</a>"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Magical_Negro#Barack_Obama" title="Magical Negro">Barack the Magic Negro</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will.i.am" title="Will.i.am">will.i.am</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Yes_We_Can_(will.i.am_song)" title="Yes We Can (will.i.am song)">Yes We Can</a>"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_President_Sang_Amazing_Grace" title="The President Sang Amazing Grace">The President Sang Amazing Grace</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/There%27s_No_One_as_Irish_as_Barack_O%27Bama" title="There's No One as Irish as Barack O'Bama">There's No One as Irish as Barack O'Bama</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/S%C3%AD_Se_Puede_Cambiar" title="Sí Se Puede Cambiar">Sí Se Puede Cambiar</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_President" title="My President">My President</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Deadheads_for_Obama" title="Deadheads for Obama">Deadheads for Obama</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Air_and_Simple_Gifts" title="Air and Simple Gifts">Air and Simple Gifts</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Change_Is_Now:_Renewing_America%27s_Promise" title="Change Is Now: Renewing America's Promise">Change Is Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope!_%E2%80%93_Das_Obama_Musical" title="Hope! – Das Obama Musical">Hope! – Das Obama Musical</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_vs._Mitt_Romney_(video)" title="Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney (video)">Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baracksdubs" title="Baracksdubs">Barack's Dubs</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Signed,_Sealed,_Delivered_I%27m_Yours#Political_significance" title="Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours">Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film, TV, and stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/By_the_People:_The_Election_of_Barack_Obama" title="By the People: The Election of Barack Obama">By the People: The Election of Barack Obama</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Change_(film)" title="Change (film)">Change</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama_Anak_Menteng" title="Obama Anak Menteng">Obama Anak Menteng</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016:_Obama%27s_America" title="2016: Obama's America">2016: Obama's America</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Road_We%27ve_Traveled" title="The Road We've Traveled">The Road We've Traveled</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southside_with_You" title="Southside with You">Southside with You</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_and_Clinton" title="Hillary and Clinton">Hillary and Clinton</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_(2016_film)" title="Barry (2016 film)">Barry</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Great_Divide" title="America's Great Divide">America's Great Divide</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_the_People_(2021_TV_series)" title="We the People (2021 TV series)">We the People</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renegades:_Born_in_the_USA" title="Renegades: Born in the USA">Renegades: Born in the USA</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama:_In_Pursuit_of_a_More_Perfect_Union" title="Obama: In Pursuit of a More Perfect Union">Obama: In Pursuit of a More Perfect Union</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Lady_(American_TV_series)" title="The First Lady (American TV series)">The First Lady</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picturing_the_Obamas" title="Picturing the Obamas">Picturing the Obamas</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Images_of_Barack_Obama" title="Category:Images of Barack Obama">Other media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_use_by_Barack_Obama" title="Social media use by Barack Obama">Social media use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artists_for_Obama" title="Artists for Obama">Artists for Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_%22Hope%22_poster" title="Barack Obama "Hope" poster">"Hope" poster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_%22Joker%22_poster" title="Barack Obama "Joker" poster">"Joker" poster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_Like_Mine" title="Hair Like Mine">Hair Like Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situation_Room_(photograph)" title="Situation Room (photograph)">Situation Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iman_Crosson" title="Iman Crosson">Iman Crosson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forgotten_Man_(painting)" title="The Forgotten Man (painting)">The Forgotten Man</a> (2010 painting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Barack_Obama_(painting)" title="President Barack Obama (painting)">President Barack Obama</a> (2018 portrait)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obama_logo" title="Obama logo">Obama logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_in_comics" title="Barack Obama in comics">In comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama%27s_summer_playlist" title="Barack Obama's summer playlist">Barack Obama's summer 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