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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><title>The Princes of Wales, A History of the Princes England</title><meta name="description" content="The title of Prince of Wales was instituted in 1307 by King Edward I, when he invested his eldest son, Edward, as the first English Prince of Wales." /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><meta name="theme-color" content="#960c17" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/bootstrap-grid.min.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/global.css" /></head><body><nav class="fixed-nav-bar" aria-label="fixed navigation bar"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><i class="nav-s nav-s-smr"><a href="http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=&title=" aria-label="reddit" title="Submit to Reddit" onclick="window.open('http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL) + '&title=' + encodeURIComponent(document.title)); return false;" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></i><i class="nav-s nav-s-smt"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?" aria-label="twitter" title="Tweet" onclick="window.open('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%20Check%20out%20this%20awesome%20website%20' + encodeURIComponent(document.title) + ':%20 ' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL)); 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Welsh tradition states that Gwynedd was founded by Picts from Lothian invading the lands of the Brythonic Deceangli, Ordovices, and Gangani. The name Gwynedd itself is said to be an early borrowing from the Irish. </p><p> From their power base in northwest Wales, the rulers of Gwynedd repeatedly ascended to prominence in Wales and survived Saxon attacks and the construction of Offa's Dyke along the Welsh-English border in the eighth century, Viking raids in the ninth century and widespread power struggles within Wales itself until the eleventh-century kingdom of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn was crushed by an Anglo-Saxon invasion led by the Saxon Earl Harold Godwineson in 1063. </p><p> The dynasty was restored by Gruffydd ap Cynan and made a slow recovery. In 1216 Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd proclaimed the Principality of Wales at Aberdyfi. The pprincipality lasted until Edward I invaded Wales. The brothers Llywelyn ap Grufydd ( circa 1223-1282) and Dafydd ap Gruffydd (circa 1238 - 3 1283), who reigned briefly in 1283 following the death of his brother at the hands of the English, were to be the last rulers of an independent Gwynedd. Thereafter the principality was annexed to the English crown. </p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-6"><a href="prince_wales.html">English Princes of Wales</a></div><div class="col-lg-6"><a href="prince_wales_2.html">The honours of the principality of Wales</a></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><h3>Monarch</h3></div><div class="col"><h3>Birth and reign</h3></div><div class="col"><h3>Married</h3></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="rhodri_mawr.html">Rhodri Mawr</a></div><div class="col"><p>Circa 880 - 950. Son of Merfyn Frych and Nest ferch Cadell</p></div><div class="col"><p>Angharad ferch Meurig</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="hywel_dda.html">Hywell Dda</a></div><div class="col"><p>Circa 1007 - 1063 or 1064. Son of Cadell ap Rhodri</p></div><div class="col"><p>Elen ferch Llywarch</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="prince_wales_3.htm">Grufydd ap Llywelyn</a></div><div class="col"><p>Circa 1007 - 1063 or 1064. Son of Llywelyn ap Seisyll and Angharad ferch Maredudd</p></div><div class="col"><p>Eadgyth, daughter of Ælfgar Earl of Mercia</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="gruffydd_cynan.html">Grufydd ap Cynan</a></div><div class="col"><p>Circa 1055 - 1137. Son of Llywelyn ap Seisyll and Angharad ferch Maredudd</p></div><div class="col"><p>Eadgyth, daughter of Ælfgar Earl of Mercia</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="owain_grufydd.html">Owain Gwynedd</a></div><div class="col"><p>Born Circa 1080 r. 1137 - 1170. Son of Cynan ab Iago and Ragnhildr</p></div><div class="col"><p>Angharad daughter of Owain ab Edwin of Tegeingl</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="llywelyn_the_great.htm">Llywelyn the Great</a></div><div class="col"><p>Born 1173 r. 1199 - 1240. Son of Iorwerth ap Owain, Prince of Gwynedd</p></div><div class="col"><a href="princes_wales_4.html">Joan Lady of Wales</a> daughter of <a href="plantagenet_3.htm">King John of England</a></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="dafydd_llywelyn.html">Dafydd ap Llywelyn</a></div><div class="col"><p>Born 1212 r. 1240 - 1246. Son of Llyelyn the Great and Joan of England</p></div><div class="col"><p>Isabella de Braose</p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="llywelyn_the_last.html">Llywelyn the Last</a></div><div class="col"><p>Born circa 1223 r. 1246-1282. Son of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn and Senena ferch Rhodri</p></div><div class="col"><p>Eleanor de Montfort daughter of <a href="plantagenet_58.html">Simon de MontfortEarl of Leicester</a></p></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="owain_glyndwr.html">Owain Glyndwr</a></div><div class="col"><p>Born circa 1349. Son of Gruffydd Fychan II and Elen ferch Tomas</p></div><div class="col"><p>Margaret Hanmer</p></div></div><h3>Additional imformation</h3><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="medieval_castles.htm">Castles of Edward I</a></div><div class="col"><a href="gwenllian_wales.html">Gwenlian of Wales</a></div><div class="col"><a href="welsh_castles.html">Castles of the Native Welsh Princes</a></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><a href="dafydd_grufydd.html">Dafydd ap Gruffydd</a></div><div class="col"></div><div class="col"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="social"><ul id="sprite"><li id="sprite_s"><i class="sprite sprite-1"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=&t=" aria-label="facebook" onclick="window.open('https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL) + '&t=' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL)); return false;" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></i><i class="sprite sprite-2"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?" aria-label="twitter" title="Tweet" onclick="window.open('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%20Check%20out%20this%20awesome%20website%20' + encodeURIComponent(document.title) + ':%20 ' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL)); return false;" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></i><i class="sprite sprite-3"><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=&title=&summary=&source=" aria-label="linkedin" title="Share on LinkedIn" onclick="window.open('http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL) + '&title=' + encodeURIComponent(document.title)); return false;" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></i><i class="sprite sprite-4"><a href="http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=&title=" aria-label="reddit" title="Submit to Reddit" onclick="window.open('http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=' + encodeURIComponent(document.URL) + '&title=' + encodeURIComponent(document.title)); return false;" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></i></li></ul></div><section class="right-menu"><div class="col-lg-12 col-xl-3"><div class="row"><div class="side-menu2"><div class="col-lg-12 col-sm-3"><div class="well"><h2>Popular Princes of Wales</h2></div></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="side-menu"><div class="col-lg-12 col-sm-3"><div class="well"><a href="prince_wales.html" aria-label="Princes of Wales"><b>Princes of Wales</b></a><picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="images/sidebar/pow/pow.jpg" /><source media="(max-width: 1199px)" srcset="images/sidebar/small.png" /><img src="images/sidebar/small.png" alt="Princes of Wales" /></picture></div></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="side-menu"><div class="col-lg-12 col-sm-3"><div class="well"><a href="owain_glyndwr.html" aria-label="Owain Glyndwr"><b>Owain Glyndwr</b></a><picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="images/sidebar/pow/owng.jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 1199px)" srcset="images/sidebar/small.png" /><img src="images/sidebar/small.png" alt="Owain Glyndwr" /></picture></div></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="side-menu"><div class="col-lg-12 col-sm-3"><div class="well"><a href="llywelyn_the_great.htm" aria-label="Llywelyn the Great"><b>Llywelyn the Great</b></a><picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="images/sidebar/pow/lly.jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 1199px)" srcset="images/sidebar/small.png" /><img src="images/sidebar/small.png" alt="Llywelyn the Great" /></picture></div></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="side-menu"><div class="col-lg-12 col-sm-3"><div class="well"><a href="hywel_dda.html" aria-label="Hywel Dda"><b>Hywel Dda</b></a><picture><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="images/sidebar/pow/hyw.jpg" /><source media="(min-width: 1199px)" srcset="images/sidebar/small.png" /><img src="images/sidebar/small.png" alt="Hywel Dda" /></picture></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></section><footer class="footer"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 col-xl-9"><p><span>Copyright © 2004 - 2022 www.englishmonarchs.co.uk All rights reserved All rights reserved ®</span><a href="privacy.html" aria-label="privacy">Privacy Policy</a></p></div></div></div></footer><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-89969642-1"></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("config", "UA-89969642-1"); </script></body></html>