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mntl-breadcrumbs__item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/30s-history-4133266" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_8-0" class="mntl-text-link mntl-breadcrumbs__link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">The 30s</span></a> <span id="breadcrumbs__separator_4-0" class="comp breadcrumbs__separator mntl-text-block">›</span></li></ul> <div id="article-heading_1-0" class="comp article-heading mntl-article-header"> <h1 class="article-heading type--lion">Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses</h1> <p class="article-subheading type--dog">Radio Broadcasts From the White House Changed the Presidency</p> </div></div> </div><div class="loc article-post-header"><div id="post-header-social-block_1-0" class="comp post-header-social-block mntl-block"><div id="social-share-block_1-0" class="comp social-share-block mntl-block"><ul id="social-share_1-0" class="comp social-share mntl-social-share share" data-title="Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses" document="StructuredContentDocumentEx{parent=BaseDocumentEx{templateType=STRUCTUREDCONTENT, documentId=4584060, bestTitle='Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses'}}" data-description="The fireside chats were a series of radio broadcasts by President Franklin Roosevelt which forever changed the way presidents communicate." data-tracking-container="true"> <li class="share-item share-item-facebook"> <span data-href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Ffireside-chats-4584060%3Futm_source%3Dfacebook.com%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dsocial-share-article" data-network="facebook" data-click-tracked="true" class="share-link share-link-facebook" tabindex="0" title="Share on Facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" role="link"> <svg class="icon icon-facebook " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-facebook" href="#icon-facebook"></use> </svg> </span> </li> <li 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src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ygCnv4Me34BBSPvDbfqXJCKT9WM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside01-3000-3x2-gty-5c521c054cedfd0001ddb848.jpg" width="3000" height="2046" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ygCnv4Me34BBSPvDbfqXJCKT9WM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside01-3000-3x2-gty-5c521c054cedfd0001ddb848.jpg 1500w" sizes="750px" alt="photo of Franklin Roosevelt broadcasting a Fireside Chat" class=" primary-image__image mntl-primary-image--blurry" onload="(function(e){e.classList.add('loaded')})(this)" style="--blurry: url('data:image/gif;charset=utf-8;base64,R0lGODlhCgAHAPUAABISEhQUFBgYGBoaGhsbGxwcHCQkJCUlJScnJysrKy4uLjAwMDExMTg4ODs7Oz8/P0BAQEVFRUZGRlNTU2BgYGJiYnZ2dnh4eHp6ent7e4SEhJWVlZiYmJycnJ2dnaSkpKqqqqysrK+vr7CwsLe3t7i4uLm5ubq6ur29vcHBwcLCwsPDw8XFxcjIyMnJycrKyszMzNDQ0NLS0tPT09fX19/f3+3t7e/v7/Dw8BISEhISEhISEhISEhISEhISEhISEiwAAAAACgAHAEUIUQAXVAhhYcOFBAgevDiRwoWKFDBYQABAgIANCwZMjBgwQIABDSRofPDQQAEKAQJu4ABBYYKIBgEYHJCAIQOHCQ4iFOhwoEaJGDJarJjBIoCAgAA7')" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ygCnv4Me34BBSPvDbfqXJCKT9WM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside01-3000-3x2-gty-5c521c054cedfd0001ddb848.jpg" width="3000" height="2046" class="loaded primary-img--noscript primary-image__image mntl-primary-image--blurry" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ygCnv4Me34BBSPvDbfqXJCKT9WM=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside01-3000-3x2-gty-5c521c054cedfd0001ddb848.jpg 1500w" sizes="750px" alt="photo of Franklin 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href="https://www.thoughtco.com/history-and-culture-4133356" rel="nocaes" class="text-btn" > <span class="text-btn__text-label">View More</span> <svg class="icon icon-caret-right text-btn-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a></div> </div><div class="loc article-pre-content"><div id="article-meta_1-0" class="comp article-meta mntl-block" data-tracking-container="true"><div id="reference-bylines_1-0" class="comp reference-bylines mntl-bylines right-rail__offset"><div id="mntl-bylines__group_1-0" class="comp mntl-bylines__group mntl-block mntl-bylines__group--author"><div id="mntl-bylines__item_1-0" class="comp mntl-bylines__item mntl-attribution__item mntl-attribution__item--has-date"> <span class="mntl-attribution__item-descriptor">By</span> <div data-tooltip="Robert J. McNamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. He was Amazon.com's first-ever history editor and has bylines in New York, the Chicago Tribune, and other national outlets." tabindex="0" data-inline-tooltip="true"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/robert-mcnamara-1773280" rel="nocaes" data-trigger-link="true" class="mntl-attribution__item-name" tabindex="-1" >Robert McNamara</a> <div id="mntl-author-tooltip_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip mntl-tooltip mntl-group "> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__top "> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__image-wrapper"> <div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:140.0%;"> <img data-srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/kR5vCPv8XZnr34aVA9ljLqMUkKw=/40x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 40w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/P_kJejShppkcvUgtH8pLq69H7_o=/58x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 58w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/WoAauIwkgLSG-8Wino5eFEQQIe0=/76x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 76w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/zQBe6ZL9V6YK0vLuFQ-ZSaHKjt4=/94x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 94w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/uOu2yfyW0vqQhbQdRB_bjCQBV3I=/112x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 112w" data-sizes="80px" data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-C9TAhe0jSGVpXaMHPPPZHE9m-0=/200x200/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg" alt="Robert McNamara headshot" class="lazyload mntl-author-tooltip__image" width="200" height="200" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-C9TAhe0jSGVpXaMHPPPZHE9m-0=/200x200/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/kR5vCPv8XZnr34aVA9ljLqMUkKw=/40x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 40w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/P_kJejShppkcvUgtH8pLq69H7_o=/58x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 58w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/WoAauIwkgLSG-8Wino5eFEQQIe0=/76x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 76w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/zQBe6ZL9V6YK0vLuFQ-ZSaHKjt4=/94x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 94w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/uOu2yfyW0vqQhbQdRB_bjCQBV3I=/112x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/McNamara-headshot-history1800s-5b7422c046e0fb00504dcf97.jpg 112w" alt="Robert McNamara headshot" width="200" height="200" class="img--noscript mntl-author-tooltip__image" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div id="mntl-author-tooltip__name_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__name mntl-attribution__item "> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/robert-mcnamara-1773280" rel="nocaes" class="mntl-attribution__item-name" tabindex="0" >Robert McNamara</a> </div> <span id="mntl-author-tooltip__job-title_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__job-title mntl-text-block">History Expert</span> <ul id="mntl-author-tooltip__education_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__education mntl-block"></ul> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__bio"> Robert J. McNamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. He was Amazon.com's first-ever history editor and has bylines in New York, the Chicago Tribune, and other national outlets. </div> </div> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__bottom"> <span class="mntl-author-tooltip__learn-more-text">Learn about our</span> <a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-editorial-guidelines" rel="nocaes" class="mntl-author-tooltip__learn-more-link" >Editorial Process</a> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="mntl-attribution__item-date">Updated on February 14, 2019</div></div> </div></div> </div><div class="loc article-content"><div id="article-content_1-0" class="comp article-content mntl-block"><div id="mntl-sc-page_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block structured-content expert-content" data-sc-sticky-offset="85" data-sc-ad-label-height="24" data-sc-ad-track-spacing="100" data-sc-min-track-height="250" data-sc-max-track-height="600" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-sc-load-immediate="3" data-sc-content-positions="[1, 1050, 1250, 1550, 1950, 2350, 2750, 3150]" data-bind-scroll-on-start="true"><p id="mntl-sc-block_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> The fireside chats were a series of 30 addresses by <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/franklin-d-roosevelt-1779848" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">President Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> broadcast nationwide on radio in the 1930s and 1940s. Roosevelt was not the first president to be heard on the radio, but the way he used the medium marked a significant change in the way presidents communicate with the American public. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_2-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <div id="mntl-sc-block_3-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-callout mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-keytakeaways" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" data-tracking-container="true"><h3 id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block">Key Takeaways: Fireside Chats</h3> <div id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block"><ul><li>Fireside chats were a series of 30 radio broadcasts by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, which he used to explain or promote a specific government action.</li><li>Millions of Americans tuned in to the broadcasts, yet listeners could feel the president was talking directly to them.</li><li>Roosevelt's innovative use of radio influenced future presidents, who also embraced broadcasting. Direct communication with the public became a standard in American politics.</li></ul></div></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-early-broadcasts"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_4-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Early Broadcasts </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_5-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> The political rise of Franklin Roosevelt coincided with the growing popularity of radio. A speech Roosevelt delivered at the Democratic National Convention was broadcast in 1924. He also used the radio to speak to his constituents when he served as governor of New York. Roosevelt seemed to sense that radio had a special quality, as it could reach millions of listeners, yet for each individual listener the broadcast could be a personal experience. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_6-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_7-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> When Roosevelt became president in March 1933, America was in the depths of <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/the-great-depression-1779289" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">the Great Depression</a>. Drastic action needed to be taken. Roosevelt quickly embarked on a program to rescue the nation's banking system. His plan included instituting the "Bank Holiday": closing all banks to prevent runs on cash reserves. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_8-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_9-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> To gain public support for this drastic measure, Roosevelt felt he needed to explain the problem and his solution. On the evening of Sunday, March 12, 1933, only a week after his inauguration, Roosevelt took to the airwaves. He began the broadcast by saying, "I want to talk for a few minutes with the people of the United States about banking..." </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_10-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_11-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> In a concise speech of less than 15 minutes, Roosevelt explained his program for reforming the banking industry and asked for the public's cooperation. His approach was successful. When most of the country's banks opened the following morning, the words heard in American living rooms from the White House helped restore confidence in the nation's financial system. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_12-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <figure id="mntl-sc-block_13-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-image mntl-sc-block-universal-image mntl-sc-block-image--no-theme no-theme mntl-sc-block-image figure-landscape figure-high-res"> <div class="figure-media"> <div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:68.0%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/wDjHBP5a80O8qThWd0BZbNTGskY=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside02-3000-3x2gty-5c521c41c9e77c00016f397e.jpg" width="3000" height="2041" data-srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-Ud0u0abxogYQDsdeAPURcsrtgY=/750x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside02-3000-3x2gty-5c521c41c9e77c00016f397e.jpg 750w" data-sizes="750px" alt="Franklin Roosevelt broadcasting during the Great Depression" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" id=mntl-sc-block-image_1-0 data-tracking-container="true" data-img-lightbox="true" data-click-tracked="true" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/wDjHBP5a80O8qThWd0BZbNTGskY=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside02-3000-3x2gty-5c521c41c9e77c00016f397e.jpg" width="3000" height="2041" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-Ud0u0abxogYQDsdeAPURcsrtgY=/750x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside02-3000-3x2gty-5c521c41c9e77c00016f397e.jpg 750w" sizes="750px" alt="Franklin Roosevelt broadcasting during the Great Depression" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <figcaption id="mntl-figure-caption_1-0" class="comp mntl-figure-caption type--mouse figure-article-caption"> <svg class="icon icon-camera figure-article-caption-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-camera" href="#icon-camera"></use> </svg> <span class="figure-article-caption-text">President Roosevelt delivering an early Fireside Chat.</span> <span class="figure-article-caption-owner">Getty Images </span> </figcaption></figure> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-the-depression-broadcasts"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_14-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> The Depression Broadcasts </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_15-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Eight weeks later, Roosevelt delivered another Sunday night address to the nation. The topic, again, was financial policy. The second speech was also considered a success, and it had a distinction: a radio executive, Harry M. Butcher of the CBS network, called it a "Fireside Chat" in a press release. The name stuck, and eventually Roosevelt began using it himself. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_16-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_17-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Roosevelt continued to give fireside chats, usually from the Diplomatic Reception Room on the first floor of the <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/the-white-house-washington-d-c-178067" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">White House</a>, though they were not a common occurrence. He broadcast a third time in 1933, in October, but in later years the pace slowed down, sometimes to just one broadcast per year. (However, Roosevelt could still be heard regularly on the radio through broadcasts of his public speeches and events.) </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_18-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_19-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> The fireside chats of the 1930s covered various aspects of domestic policy. By late 1937, the impact of the broadcasts seemed to decline. Arthur Krock, the influential political columnist of the New York Times, <a href="https://nyti.ms/2HiqETE" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="externalLink" data-ordinal="1">wrote following a fireside chat</a> in October 1937 that the president didn't seem to have much new to say. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_20-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_21-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> After his June 24, 1938, broadcast, Roosevelt had delivered 13 fireside chats, all on domestic policies. More than a year went by without him giving another one. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_22-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <figure id="mntl-sc-block_23-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-image mntl-sc-block-universal-image mntl-sc-block-image--no-theme no-theme mntl-sc-block-image figure-landscape figure-high-res"> <div class="figure-media"> <div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:68.5%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/xWhvqUfMWKqdJVYBTEhYFIGBvZk=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside03-3000-3x2gty-5c521cc54cedfd0001f912d5.jpg" width="3000" height="2055" data-srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/5EyXl1If0IxbXJWQJO3m1d7E9u4=/750x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside03-3000-3x2gty-5c521cc54cedfd0001f912d5.jpg 750w" data-sizes="750px" alt="Franklin Roosevelt during a wartime Fireside Chat broadcast." class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" id=mntl-sc-block-image_2-0 data-tracking-container="true" data-img-lightbox="true" data-click-tracked="true" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/xWhvqUfMWKqdJVYBTEhYFIGBvZk=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside03-3000-3x2gty-5c521cc54cedfd0001f912d5.jpg" width="3000" height="2055" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/5EyXl1If0IxbXJWQJO3m1d7E9u4=/750x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Roosevelt-Fireside03-3000-3x2gty-5c521cc54cedfd0001f912d5.jpg 750w" sizes="750px" alt="Franklin Roosevelt during a wartime Fireside Chat broadcast." /> </noscript> </div> </div> <figcaption id="mntl-figure-caption_2-0" class="comp mntl-figure-caption type--mouse figure-article-caption"> <svg class="icon icon-camera figure-article-caption-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-camera" href="#icon-camera"></use> </svg> <span class="figure-article-caption-text">President Roosevelt during a wartime Fireside Chat.</span> <span class="figure-article-caption-owner">Getty Images</span> </figcaption></figure> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-preparing-the-nation-for-war"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_24-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Preparing the Nation for War </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_25-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> With the fireside chat of September 3, 1939, Roosevelt brought back the familiar format, but with an important new topic: the war that had broken out in Europe. The remainder of his fireside chats dealt mainly with foreign policy or domestic conditions as they were impacted by <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/overview-of-world-war-ii-105520" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">America's involvement in World War II</a>. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_26-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_27-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> In his third wartime fireside chat, broadcast on December 29, 1940, Roosevelt coined the term <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/quotes-by-franklin-d-roosevelt-1779836" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">Arsenal of Democracy</a>. He advocated that Americans should provide weapons to help the British fight the Nazi threat. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_28-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_29-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> During a December 9, 1941 fireside chat, two days after the <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/attack-on-pearl-harbor-p2-1779988" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, Roosevelt prepared the nation for war. The pace of the broadcasts accelerated: Roosevelt gave four fireside chats per year in 1942 and 1943, and three in 1944. The fireside chats came to an end in the summer of 1944, perhaps because news of the progress of the war already dominated the airwaves and Roosevelt had no need to advocate for new programs. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_30-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-legacy-of-the-fireside-chats"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_31-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Legacy of the Fireside Chats </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_32-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> The fireside chat broadcasts between 1933 and 1944 were often politically important, delivered to advocate for or explain particular programs. Over time they became symbolic of an era when the United States navigated two monumental crises, the <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/the-great-depression-1779289" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">Great Depression</a> and <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/world-war-ii-1779971" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="2">World War II</a>. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_33-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_34-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Roosevelt's distinctive voice became very familiar to most Americans. And his willingness to speak directly to the American people became a feature of the presidency. Presidents following Roosevelt could not be remote figures whose words reached most people only in print. After Roosevelt, being an effective communicator over the airwaves became an essential presidential skill, and the concept of a president delivering a speech broadcast from the White House on important topics became standard in American politics. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_35-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_36-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Of course, communication with voters continues to evolve. As a <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/01/politicians-are-live-streaming-videos-instagram/579490/" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="externalLink" data-ordinal="1">January 2019 article in The Atlantic</a> put it, Instagram videos are "the new fireside chat." </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_37-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-sources"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_38-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Sources </span> </h2> <ul id="mntl-sc-block_39-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> <li><cite>Levy, David W. "Fireside Chats." <em>Encyclopedia of the Great Depression</em>, edited by Robert S. McElvaine, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2004, pp. 362-364. <em>Gale Virtual Reference Library.</em></cite></li><li><cite>Krock, Arthur. "In Washington: A Change In Tempo of Fireside Chats." New York Times, 14 October 1937, p 24.</cite></li><li><cite>"Roosevelt, Franklin D." <em>Great Depression and the New Deal Reference Library</em>, edited by Allison McNeill, et al., vol. 3: Primary Sources, UXL, 2003, pp. 35-44. <em>Gale Virtual Reference Library</em>.</cite></li> </ul></div> <div id="sources-and-citation_1-0" class="comp sources-and-citation mntl-block"><div id="citation-widget_1-0" class="comp citation-widget js-citation-widget" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="citation-widget__container js-container"> <button class="citation-widget__button js-button"> <span class="citation-widget__cite-label">Cite this Article </span> <svg class="icon icon-cite citation-widget__icon-cite" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-cite" href="#icon-cite"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="citation-widget__window js-window"> <svg class="icon icon-close citation-widget__icon-close js-icon-close" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close" href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> <div class="citation-widget__heading">Format</div> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link citation-widget__format-link--active js-format-link">mla</a> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link js-format-link">apa</a> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link js-format-link">chicago</a> <div class="citation-widget__heading">Your Citation</div> <div class="citation-widget__content js-content"> <span class="citation-widget__citation citation-widget__citation--active js-active" data-citation-format="mla">McNamara, Robert. "Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses." ThoughtCo, Jun. 25, 2024, thoughtco.com/fireside-chats-4584060.</span> <span class="citation-widget__citation" data-citation-format="apa">McNamara, Robert. (2024, June 25). Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/fireside-chats-4584060</span> <span class="citation-widget__citation" data-citation-format="chicago">McNamara, Robert. "Fireside Chats, Franklin Roosevelt's Iconic Radio Addresses." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/fireside-chats-4584060 (accessed November 28, 2024).</span> </div> <div class="citation-widget__copy-container"> <button class="citation-widget__copy-button js-copy-button"> <div class="citation-widget__copy-wrapper"> <svg class="icon icon-checkmark citation-widget__icon-checkmark" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-checkmark" href="#icon-checkmark"></use> </svg> <span class="citation-widget__copy-label js-copy-label">copy citation</span> </div> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div><div class="loc article-right-rail"><div id="mm-ads-right-rail_1-0" class="comp mm-ads-right-rail mntl-block"><div id="sc-billboard-group_1-0" class="comp sc-billboard-group mntl-block js-scads-inline-content"><div id="mntl-block_2-0" class="comp mntl-block"><div id="ref-billboard1-sticky-dynamic_1-0" class="comp ref-billboard1-sticky-dynamic mntl-block"><div id="mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad_1-0" class="comp 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card__img universal-image__image" alt="Picture of three girls wearing Dust Bowl masks." /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">History of the Dust Bowl</span></div> </div> </a></li></ul> <div id="reference-outbrain_2-0" class="comp reference-outbrain mntl-outbrain"> <div class="OUTBRAIN js-outbrain-widget" data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/fireside-chats-4584060" data-widget-id="AR_2"></div> </div> <ul id="mntl-masonry-tax-card-list_2-0" class="comp mntl-masonry-tax-card-list mntl-masonry-card-list mntl-masonry-list mntl-block masonry-list"><li id="masonry-list__item_9-0" class="comp masonry-list__item mntl-block"><a id="mntl-card_9-0" class="comp mntl-card mntl-document-card is-inverted-small card card--no-image" data-doc-id="4684500" data-tax-levels href="https://www.thoughtco.com/german-american-bund-4684500" data-ordinal="1" data-cta="Read Now ▸"> <div class="loc card__top"><div class="card__media mntl-universal-image universal-image__container"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/qJ9roCepLzrCt_QAPtEyqFFRwHo=/250x1995/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Bund-Rally-MSG-3000-3x2-a2c16757f9f24fe98d4b9fcaa26843dc.jpg" width="250" height="1995" alt="photo of German American Bund rally at Madison Square Garden" class="lazyload card__img universal-image__image" data-dim-ratio="1.5" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/qJ9roCepLzrCt_QAPtEyqFFRwHo=/250x1995/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Bund-Rally-MSG-3000-3x2-a2c16757f9f24fe98d4b9fcaa26843dc.jpg" width="250" height="1995" class="img--noscript card__img universal-image__image" alt="photo of German American Bund rally at Madison Square Garden" /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">German American Bund, American Nazis of the 1930s</span></div> </div> </a></li> <li id="masonry-list__item_10-0" class="comp masonry-list__item mntl-block"><a id="mntl-card_10-0" class="comp mntl-card mntl-document-card is-inverted-small card card--no-image" data-doc-id="1779292" data-tax-levels href="https://www.thoughtco.com/spangled-banner-becomes-official-anthem-1779292" data-ordinal="2" data-cta="Read Now ▸"> <div class="loc card__top"><div class="card__media mntl-universal-image universal-image__container"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:128.0%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/XqriMs3ulviTcj4a9r3I3eN5tgI=/250x594/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/nationalanthem-58b96f445f9b58af5c47957d.jpg" width="250" height="594" alt="Picture of American lawyer Francis Scott Key." class="lazyload card__img universal-image__image" data-dim-ratio="0.781" /> <noscript> <img 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class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:73.4%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JwseAq_jgK__ku-56x692rANa4U=/250x2601/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/WileyPost2-56a48deb5f9b58b7d0d78314.jpg" width="250" height="2601" alt="Famous aviator Wiley Post in front of his airplane." class="lazyload card__img universal-image__image" data-dim-ratio="1.362" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JwseAq_jgK__ku-56x692rANa4U=/250x2601/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/WileyPost2-56a48deb5f9b58b7d0d78314.jpg" width="250" height="2601" class="img--noscript card__img universal-image__image" alt="Famous aviator Wiley Post in front of his airplane." /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">How Wiley Post and Will Rogers Died</span></div> </div> </a></li> <li id="masonry-list__item_12-0" class="comp masonry-list__item mntl-block"><a id="mntl-card_12-0" class="comp mntl-card mntl-document-card is-inverted-small card card--no-image" data-doc-id="1779272" data-tax-levels href="https://www.thoughtco.com/dachau-concentration-camp-1779272" data-ordinal="4" data-cta="Read Now ▸"> <div class="loc card__top"><div class="card__media mntl-universal-image universal-image__container"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/avFolrabe_6auwQxqkNQzLDxXfM=/250x1414/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-903053192-5b609836c9e77c004f6fa409.jpg" width="250" height="1414" alt="The Dachau concentration camp in Germany" class="lazyload card__img universal-image__image" data-dim-ratio="1.5" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/avFolrabe_6auwQxqkNQzLDxXfM=/250x1414/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-903053192-5b609836c9e77c004f6fa409.jpg" width="250" height="1414" class="img--noscript card__img universal-image__image" alt="The Dachau concentration camp in Germany" /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">Dachau: The First Nazi Concentration Camp</span></div> </div> </a></li> <li id="masonry-list__item_13-0" class="comp masonry-list__item mntl-block"><a id="mntl-card_13-0" class="comp mntl-card mntl-document-card is-inverted-small card card--no-image" data-doc-id="1779281" data-tax-levels href="https://www.thoughtco.com/the-empire-state-building-1779281" data-ordinal="5" data-cta="Read Now ▸"> <div class="loc card__top"><div class="card__media mntl-universal-image universal-image__container"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img 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height="2877" class="img--noscript card__img universal-image__image" alt="February 1933: Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945) makes his first radio broadcast as German Chancellor in front of a radio microphone." /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">Adolf Hitler Appointed Chancellor of Germany</span></div> </div> </a></li> <li id="masonry-list__item_15-0" class="comp masonry-list__item mntl-block"><a id="mntl-card_15-0" class="comp mntl-card mntl-document-card is-inverted-small card card--no-image" data-doc-id="2136125" data-tax-levels href="https://www.thoughtco.com/unsolved-murder-mystery-the-galapagos-affair-2136125" data-ordinal="7" data-cta="Read Now ▸"> <div class="loc card__top"><div class="card__media mntl-universal-image universal-image__container"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:72.9%;"> <img 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former King Edward VIII" /> </noscript> </div></div> </div> <div class="card__content " > <div class="card__header" data-kicker="The 30s"></div> <div class="card__title"><span class="card__title-text ">King Edward VIII Abdicated for Love</span></div> </div> </a></li></ul> <div id="leaderboard2-deferred-footer_1-0" class="comp leaderboard2-deferred-footer mm-ads-leaderboardfooter-flex-2-lazy mm-ads-flexible-leaderboard-lazy mm-ads-flexible-leaderboard mm-ads-flexible-ad mm-ads-gpt-adunit js-lazy-ad has-right-label leaderboard gpt leaderboard dynamic"> <div id="leaderboardfooter-flex-2" class="wrapper" data-type="leaderboard" data-pos="atf" data-priority="1" data-sizes="[[728, 90], [970, 250], "fluid"]" data-rtb="true" data-wait-for-third-party="false" data-targeting="{}"></div> </div></section></div> </main><footer id="footer_1-0" class="comp footer mntl-footer" role="contentinfo" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="mntl-footer__inner"> <div class="mntl-footer__primary"> <div 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