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frames</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: steel frames"> <meta name="keywords" content="steel frames"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="steel frames"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2064</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: steel frames</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2064</span> Design of Seismically Resistant Tree-Branching Steel Frames Using Theory and Design Guides for Eccentrically Braced Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gary%20Black">R. Gary Black</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolhassan%20Astaneh-Asl"> Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The International Building Code (IBC) and the California Building Code (CBC) both recognize four basic types of steel seismic resistant frames; moment frames, concentrically braced frames, shear walls and eccentrically braced frames. Based on specified geometries and detailing, the seismic performance of these steel frames is well understood. In 2011, the authors designed an innovative steel braced frame system with tapering members in the general shape of a branching tree as a seismic retrofit solution to an existing four story “lift-slab” building. Located in the seismically active San Francisco Bay Area of California, a frame of this configuration, not covered by the governing codes, would typically require model or full scale testing to obtain jurisdiction approval. This paper describes how the theories, protocols, and code requirements of eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) were employed to satisfy the 2009 International Building Code (IBC) and the 2010 California Building Code (CBC) for seismically resistant steel frames and permit construction of these nonconforming geometries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccentrically%20braced%20frame" title="eccentrically braced frame">eccentrically braced frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lift%20slab%20construction" title=" lift slab construction"> lift slab construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20retrofit" title=" seismic retrofit"> seismic retrofit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20link" title=" shear link"> shear link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20design" title=" steel design"> steel design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2712/design-of-seismically-resistant-tree-branching-steel-frames-using-theory-and-design-guides-for-eccentrically-braced-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2063</span> Seismic Response of Braced Steel Frames with Shape Memory Alloy and Mega Bracing Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Omar">Mohamed Omar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steel bracing members are widely used in steel structures to reduce lateral displacement and dissipate energy during earthquake motions. Concentric steel bracing provide an excellent approach for strengthening and stiffening steel buildings. Using these braces the designer can hardly adjust the stiffness together with ductility as needed because of buckling of braces in compression. In this study the use of SMA bracing and steel bracing (Mega) utilized in steel frames are investigated. The effectiveness of these two systems in rehabilitating a mid-rise eight-storey steel frames were examined using time-history nonlinear analysis utilizing Seismo-Struct software. Results show that both systems improve the strength and stiffness of the original structure but due to excellent behavior of SMA in nonlinear phase and under compressive forces this system shows much better performance than the rehabilitation system of Mega bracing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20response" title=" seismic response"> seismic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shapes%20memory%20alloy" title=" shapes memory alloy"> shapes memory alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frame" title=" steel frame"> steel frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mega%20bracing" title=" mega bracing"> mega bracing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4180/seismic-response-of-braced-steel-frames-with-shape-memory-alloy-and-mega-bracing-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2062</span> Prediction of Maximum Inter-Story Drifts of Steel Frames Using Intensity Measures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ed%C3%A9n%20Boj%C3%B3rquez">Edén Bojórquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Baca"> Victor Baca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfredo%20Reyes-Salazar"> Alfredo Reyes-Salazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Jorge González</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, simplified equations to predict maximum inter-story drift demands of steel framed buildings are proposed in terms of two ground motion intensity measures based on the acceleration spectral shape. For this aim, the maximum inter-story drifts of steel frames with 4, 6, 8 and 10 stories subjected to narrow-band ground motion records are estimated and compared with the spectral acceleration at first mode of vibration Sa(T1) which is commonly used in earthquake engineering and seismology, and with a new parameter related with the structural response known as INp. It is observed that INp is the parameter best related with the structural response of steel frames under narrow-band motions. Finally, equations to compute maximum inter-story drift demands of steel frames as a function of spectral acceleration and INp are proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensity%20measures" title="intensity measures">intensity measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20shape" title=" spectral shape"> spectral shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames" title=" steel frames"> steel frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20demands" title=" peak demands"> peak demands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42810/prediction-of-maximum-inter-story-drifts-of-steel-frames-using-intensity-measures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2061</span> Effects of the Mass and Damping Matrix Model in the Non-Linear Seismic Response of Steel Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfredo%20Reyes-Salazar">Alfredo Reyes-Salazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20D.%20Llanes-Tizoc"> Mario D. Llanes-Tizoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eden%20Bojorquez"> Eden Bojorquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Federico%20Valenzuela-Beltran"> Federico Valenzuela-Beltran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Bojorquez"> Juan Bojorquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20R.%20Gaxiola-Camacho"> Jose R. Gaxiola-Camacho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achintya%20Haldar"> Achintya Haldar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seismic analysis of steel buildings is usually based on the use of the concentrated mass (ML) matrix and the Rayleigh damping matrix (C). Similarly, the initial stiffness matrix (KO) and the first two modes associated with lateral vibrations are commonly used to develop matrix C. The evaluation of the accuracy of these practices for the particular case of steel buildings with moment-resisting steel frames constitutes the main objective of this research. For this, the non-linear seismic responses of three models of steel frames, representing low-, medium- and high-rise steel buildings, are considered. Results indicate that if the ML matrix is used, shears and bending moments in columns are underestimated by up to 30% and 65%, respectively when compared to the corresponding results obtained with the consistent mass matrix (MC). It is also shown that if KO is used in C instead of the tangent stiffness matrix (Kt), axial loads in columns are underestimated by up to 80%. It is concluded that the consistent mass matrix should be used in the structural modelling of moment-resisting steel frames and that the tangent stiffness matrix should be used to develop the Rayleigh damping matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment-resisting%20steel%20frames" title="moment-resisting steel frames">moment-resisting steel frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistent%20and%20concentrated%20mass%20matrices" title=" consistent and concentrated mass matrices"> consistent and concentrated mass matrices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20seismic%20response" title=" non-linear seismic response"> non-linear seismic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20damping" title=" Rayleigh damping"> Rayleigh damping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153538/effects-of-the-mass-and-damping-matrix-model-in-the-non-linear-seismic-response-of-steel-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2060</span> Comparison of the Seismic Response of Planar Regular and Irregular Steel Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robespierre%20Chavez">Robespierre Chavez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eden%20Bojorquez"> Eden Bojorquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfredo%20Reyes-Salazar"> Alfredo Reyes-Salazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study compares the seismic response of regular and vertically irregular steel frames determined by nonlinear time history analysis and by using several sets of earthquake records, which are divided in two categories: The first category having 20 stiff-soil ground motion records obtained from the NGA database, and the second category having 30 soft-soil ground motions recorded in the Lake Zone of Mexico City and exhibiting a dominant period (Ts) of two seconds. The steel frames in both format regular and irregular were designed according to the Mexico City Seismic Design Provisions (MCSDP). The effects of irregularity throught the height on the maximum interstory drifts are estimated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20steel%20frames" title="irregular steel frames">irregular steel frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20interstory%20drifts" title=" maximum interstory drifts"> maximum interstory drifts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20response" title=" seismic response"> seismic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20records" title=" seismic records"> seismic records</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42693/comparison-of-the-seismic-response-of-planar-regular-and-irregular-steel-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2059</span> Effect of Adding Horizontal Steel Bracing System to Ordinary Moment Steel Frames Subjected to Wind Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousef%20Al-Qaryouti">Yousef Al-Qaryouti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Besan%20Alagawani"> Besan Alagawani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main concern of this study is to evaluate the effect of adding horizontal steel bracing system to ordinary moment resisting steel frames subjected to wind load. Similar frames without bracing systems are also to be compared. A general analytical study was carried out to obtain the influence of such system in resisting wind load. Linear static analysis has been carried out using ETABS software by applying fixed wind load defined according to ASCE7-10 for three-, six-, nine-, and twelve-story ordinary moment steel frame buildings including and not including horizontal steel bracing system. The results showed that the lateral drift due to wind load decreased by adding horizontal bracing system. Also, the results show that effect of such system is more efficient to low-rise buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20bracing%20system" title="horizontal bracing system">horizontal bracing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20moment%20frames" title=" steel moment frames"> steel moment frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20load%20resisting%20system" title=" wind load resisting system"> wind load resisting system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20static%20analysis" title=" linear static analysis"> linear static analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52051/effect-of-adding-horizontal-steel-bracing-system-to-ordinary-moment-steel-frames-subjected-to-wind-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2058</span> Collapse Performance of Steel Frame with Hysteric Energy Dissipating Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Joon%20Kim">Hyung-Joon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Young%20Park"> Jin-Young Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy dissipating devices (EDDs) have become more popular as seismic-force-resisting systems for building structures. However, there is little information on the collapse capacities of frames employing EDDs which are an important criterion for their seismic design. This study investigates the collapse capacities of steel frames with TADAS hysteric energy dissipative devices (HEDDs) that become an alternative to steel braced frames. To do this, 5-story steel ordinary concentrically braced frame and steel frame with HEDDs are designed and modeled. Nonlinear dynamic analyses and incremental dynamic analysis with 40 ground motions scaled to maximum considered earthquake are carried out. It is shown from analysis results that the significant enhancement in terms of the collapse capacities is found due to the introduction HEDDs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collapse%20capacity" title="collapse capacity">collapse capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incremental%20dynamic%20analysis" title=" incremental dynamic analysis"> incremental dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20braced%20frame" title=" steel braced frame"> steel braced frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TADAS%20hysteric%20energy%20dissipative%20device" title=" TADAS hysteric energy dissipative device"> TADAS hysteric energy dissipative device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14461/collapse-performance-of-steel-frame-with-hysteric-energy-dissipating-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2057</span> Comparative Study on Performance of Air-Cooled Condenser (ACC) Steel Platform Structures using SCBF Frames, Spatial Structures and CFST Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Gomar">Hassan Gomar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahin%20Bagheri"> Shahin Bagheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Keyvan"> Nader Keyvan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mozhdeh%20Shirinzadeh"> Mozhdeh Shirinzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air-Cooled Condenser (ACC) platform structures are the most complicated and principal structures in power plants and other industrial parts which need to condense the low-pressure steam in the cycle. Providing large spans for this structure has great merit as there would be more space for other subordinate buildings and pertinent equipment. Moreover, applying methods to reduce the overall cost of construction while maintaining its strength against severe seismic loading is of high significance. Tabular spatial structures and composite frames have been widely used in recent years to satisfy the need for higher strength at a reasonable price. In this research program, three different structural systems have been regarded for ACC steel platform using Special Concentrate Braced Frames (SCBF), which is the most common system (first scheme), modular spatial frames (second scheme) and finally, a modified method applying Concrete Filled Steel Tabular (CFST) columns (third scheme). The finite element method using Sap2000 and Etabs software was conducted to investigate the behavior of the structures and make a precise comparison between the models. According to the results, the total weight of the steel structure in the second scheme decreases by 13% compared to the first scheme and applying CFST columns in the third scheme causes a 3% reduction in the total weight of the structure in comparison with the second scheme while all the lateral displacements and P-M interaction ratios are in the admissible limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACC" title="ACC">ACC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCBF%20frames" title=" SCBF frames"> SCBF frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structures" title=" spatial structures"> spatial structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFST%20frames" title=" CFST frames"> CFST frames</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146598/comparative-study-on-performance-of-air-cooled-condenser-acc-steel-platform-structures-using-scbf-frames-spatial-structures-and-cfst-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2056</span> Aftershock Collapse Capacity Assessment of Mid-Rise Steel Moment Frames Subjected to As-Recorded Mainshock-Aftershock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadmehdi%20Torfehnejada">Mohammadmehdi Torfehnejada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serhan%20Senso"> Serhan Senso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aftershock collapse capacity of Special Steel Moment Frames (SSMFs) is evaluated under aftershock earthquakes by considering building heights 8 and 12 stories. The assessment evaluates the residual collapse capacity under aftershock excitation when various levels of damage have been induced by the mainshock. For this purpose, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) under aftershock follows the mainshock imposing the intended damage level. The study results indicate that aftershock collapse capacity of this structure may decrease remarkably when the structure is subjected to large mainshock damage. The capacity reduction under aftershock is finally related to the mainshock damage level through regression equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aftershock%20collapse%20capacity" title="aftershock collapse capacity">aftershock collapse capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20steel%20moment%20frames" title=" special steel moment frames"> special steel moment frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mainshock-aftershock%20sequences" title=" mainshock-aftershock sequences"> mainshock-aftershock sequences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incremental%20dynamic%20analysis" title=" incremental dynamic analysis"> incremental dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mainshock%20damage" title=" mainshock damage"> mainshock damage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144073/aftershock-collapse-capacity-assessment-of-mid-rise-steel-moment-frames-subjected-to-as-recorded-mainshock-aftershock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2055</span> Non-Linear Static Analysis of Screwed Moment Connections in Cold-Formed Steel Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jikhil%20Joseph">Jikhil Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satish%20Kumar%20S%20R."> Satish Kumar S R.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cold-formed steel frames are preferable for framed constructions due to its low seismic weights and results into low seismic forces, but on the contrary, significant lateral deflections are expected under seismic/wind loading. The various factors affecting the lateral stiffness of steel frames are the stiffness of connections, beams and columns. So, by increasing the stiffness of beam, column and making the connections rigid will enhance the lateral stiffness. The present study focused on Structural elements made of rectangular hollow sections and fastened with screwed in-plane moment connections for the building frames. The self-drilling screws can be easily drilled on either side of the connection area with the help of gusset plates. The strength of screwed connections can be made 1.2 times the connecting elements. However, achieving high stiffness in connections is also a challenging job. Hence in addition to beam and column stiffness’s the connection stiffness are also going to be a governing parameter in the lateral deflections of the frames. SAP 2000 Non-linear static analysis has been planned to study the seismic behavior of steel frames. The SAP model will be consisting of nonlinear spring model for the connection to account the semi-rigid connections and the nonlinear hinges will be assigned for beam and column sections according to FEMA 273 guidelines. The reliable spring and hinge parameters will be assigned based on an experimental and analytical database. The non-linear static analysis is mainly focused on the identification of various hinge formations and the estimation of lateral deflection and these will contribute as an inputs for the direct displacement-based Seismic design. The research output from this study are the modelling techniques and suitable design guidelines for the performance-based seismic design of cold-formed steel frames. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20formed%20steel" title=" cold formed steel"> cold formed steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20static%20analysis" title=" nonlinear static analysis"> nonlinear static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screwed%20connections" title=" screwed connections"> screwed connections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83189/non-linear-static-analysis-of-screwed-moment-connections-in-cold-formed-steel-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2054</span> Reliability Analysis of Steel Columns under Buckling Load in Second-Order Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Abshari">Hamed Abshari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Reza%20Emami%20Azadi"> M. Reza Emami Azadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madjid%20Sadegh%20Azar"> Madjid Sadegh Azar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For studying the overall instability of members of steel structures, there are several methods in which overall buckling and geometrical imperfection effects are considered in analysis. In first section, these methods are compared and ability of software to apply these methods is studied. Buckling loads determined from theoretical methods and software is compared for 2D one bay, one and two stories steel frames. To consider actual condition, buckling loads of three steel frames that have various dimensions are calculated and compared. Also, uncertainties that exist in loading and modeling of structures such as geometrical imperfection, yield stress, and modulus of elasticity in buckling load of 2D framed steel structures have been studied. By performing these uncertainties to each reliability analysis procedures (first-order, second-order, and simulation methods of reliability), one index of reliability from each procedure is determined. These values are studied and compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-order%20theory" title=" second-order theory"> second-order theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20index" title=" reliability index"> reliability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20columns" title=" steel columns"> steel columns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9301/reliability-analysis-of-steel-columns-under-buckling-load-in-second-order-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2053</span> Earthquake Retrofitting of Concrete Structures Using Steel Bracing with the Results of Linear and Nonlinear Static Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Sadie">Ehsan Sadie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of steel braces in concrete structures has been considered by researchers in recent decades due to its easy implementation, economics and the ability to create skylights in braced openings compared to shear wall openings as well as strengthening weak concrete structures to earthquakes. The purpose of this article is to improve and strengthen concrete structures with steel bracing. In addition, cases such as different numbers of steel braces in different openings of concrete structures and interaction between concrete frames and metal braces have been studied. In this paper, by performing static nonlinear analysis and examining ductility, the relative displacement of floors, examining the performance of samples, and determining the coefficient of behavior of composite frames (concrete frames with metal bracing), the behavior of reinforced concrete frames is compared with frame without bracing. The results of analyzes and studies show that the addition of metal bracing increases the strength and stiffness of the frame and reduces the ductility and lateral displacement of the structure. In general, the behavior of the structure against earthquakes will be improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior%20coefficient" title="behavior coefficient">behavior coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bracing" title=" bracing"> bracing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20structure" title=" concrete structure"> concrete structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergent%20bracing" title=" convergent bracing"> convergent bracing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20static%20analysis" title=" linear static analysis"> linear static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title=" nonlinear analysis"> nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20curve" title=" pushover curve"> pushover curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145613/earthquake-retrofitting-of-concrete-structures-using-steel-bracing-with-the-results-of-linear-and-nonlinear-static-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2052</span> Construction of Finite Woven Frames through Bounded Linear Operators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bhandari">A. Bhandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mukherjee"> S. Mukherjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two frames in a Hilbert space are called woven or weaving if all possible merge combinations between them generate frames of the Hilbert space with uniform frame bounds. Weaving frames are powerful tools in wireless sensor networks which require distributed data processing. Considering the practical applications, this article deals with finite woven frames. We provide methods of constructing finite woven frames, in particular, bounded linear operators are used to construct woven frames from a given frame. Several examples are discussed. We also introduce the notion of woven frame sequences and characterize them through the concepts of gaps and angles between spaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frames" title="frames">frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woven%20frames" title=" woven frames"> woven frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gap" title=" gap"> gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angle" title=" angle"> angle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100698/construction-of-finite-woven-frames-through-bounded-linear-operators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2051</span> Relocation of Plastic Hinge of Interior Beam Column Connections with Intermediate Bars in Reinforced Concrete and T-Section Steel Inserts in Precast Concrete Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Wongmatar">P. Wongmatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Hansapinyo"> C. Hansapinyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Buachart"> C. Buachart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Failure of typical seismic frames has been found by plastic hinge occurring on beams section near column faces. Past researches shown that the seismic capacity of the frames can be enhanced if the plastic hinges of the beams are shifted away from the column faces. This paper presents detailing of reinforcements in the interior beam–column connections aiming to relocate the plastic hinge of reinforced concrete and precast concrete frames. Four specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic load including two monolithic specimens and two precast specimens. For one monolithic specimen, typical seismic reinforcement was provided and considered as a reference specimen named M1. The other reinforced concrete frame M2 contained additional intermediate steel in the connection area compared with the specimen M1. For the precast specimens, embedded T-section steels in joint were provided, with and without diagonal bars in the connection area for specimen P1 and P2, respectively. The test results indicated the ductile failure with beam flexural failure in monolithic specimen M1 and the intermediate steel increased strength and improved joint performance of specimen M2. For the precast specimens, cracks generated at the end of the steel inserts. However, slipping of reinforcing steel lapped in top of the beams was seen before yielding of the main bars leading to the brittle failure. The diagonal bars in precast specimens P2 improved the connection stiffness and the energy dissipation capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relocation" title="relocation">relocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20hinge" title=" plastic hinge"> plastic hinge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermediate%20bar" title=" intermediate bar"> intermediate bar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T-section%20steel" title=" T-section steel"> T-section steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precast%20concrete%20frame" title=" precast concrete frame"> precast concrete frame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27574/relocation-of-plastic-hinge-of-interior-beam-column-connections-with-intermediate-bars-in-reinforced-concrete-and-t-section-steel-inserts-in-precast-concrete-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2050</span> The Effect of an Infill on the Bearing Capacity and Stiffness of Infilled Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goran%20%20Baloevic">Goran Baloevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jure%20Radnic"> Jure Radnic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikola%20Grgic"> Nikola Grgic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of frames with masonry or panel infill is common in the engineering practice. In these cases, a frame is often considered to be a primary structure, while an infill is considered to be a secondary structure. In past calculations, the infill was rarely included in the design of frame structures in terms of their bearing capacity and safety. Recent calculations of such structures necessarily include the effect of infill since it contributes to stiffness and bearing capacity of overall system, especially under horizontal loads. In certain cases, if the infill is not included in the seismic design of frame structures, the result can be lower design safety. However, since the different configuration of the infill through the building’s height can be made, it is possible that contribution of such infill to the overall bearing capacity can be lower and seismic forces on the building can be increased due to greater stiffness of the structure. So far, many experimental and numerical researches on the behavior of infilled frames under horizontal static forces and earthquake have been performed. In this paper, several masonry-infilled concrete and steel frames under horizontal static forces and earthquake are analysed. The experimental results by shake-table and numerical results are compared in terms of the bearing capacity of bare and infilled frames. Herein, the stiffness of frames and infill were varied, with different position of the infill and different types of openings. Cases with positive and negative effects of the infill to the bearing capacity of the frames were considered. Finally, main conclusions and recommendations for practical application and design of masonry-infilled concrete and steel frames are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing%20capacity" title="bearing capacity">bearing capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infilled%20frame" title=" infilled frame"> infilled frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20model" title=" numerical model"> numerical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shake%20table" title=" shake table"> shake table</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66473/the-effect-of-an-infill-on-the-bearing-capacity-and-stiffness-of-infilled-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2049</span> Seismic Behavior of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames for Uplift Permitted in Near-Fault Regions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tehranizadeh">M. Tehranizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Shoushtari%20Rezvani"> E. Shoushtari Rezvani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seismic performance of steel moment-resisting frame structures is investigated considering nonlinear soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects. 10-, 15-, and 20-story planar building frames with aspect ratio of 3 are designed in accordance with current building codes. Inelastic seismic demands of the superstructure are considered using concentrated plasticity model. The raft foundation system is designed for different soil types. Beam-on-nonlinear Winkler foundation (BNWF) is used to represent dynamic impedance of the underlying soil. Two sets of pulse-like as well as no-pulse near-fault earthquakes are used as input ground motions. The results show that the reduction in drift demands due to nonlinear SSI is characterized by a more uniform distribution pattern along the height when compared to the fixed-base and linear SSI condition. It is also concluded that beneficial effects of nonlinear SSI on displacement demands is more significant in case of pulse-like ground motions and performance level of the steel moment-resisting frames can be enhanced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-structure%20interaction" title="soil-structure interaction">soil-structure interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uplifting" title=" uplifting"> uplifting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20plasticity" title=" soil plasticity"> soil plasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-fault%20earthquake" title=" near-fault earthquake"> near-fault earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tall%20building" title=" tall building"> tall building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21997/seismic-behavior-of-steel-moment-resisting-frames-for-uplift-permitted-in-near-fault-regions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2048</span> Nonlinear Analysis of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Frames Considering Shear Behaviour of Members under Varying Axial Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Akbarzadeh%20Bengar">Habib Akbarzadeh Bengar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asadi%20Kiadehi"> Mohammad Asadi Kiadehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Rameeh"> Ali Rameeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The result of the past earthquakes has shown that insufficient amount of stirrups and brittle behavior of concrete lead to the shear and flexural failure in reinforced concrete (RC) members. In this paper, an analytical model proposed to predict the nonlinear behavior of RC and SFRC elements and frames. In this model, some important parameter such as shear effect, varying axial load, and longitudinal bar buckling are considered. The results of analytical model were verified with experimental tests. The results of verification have shown that the proposed analytical model can predict the nonlinear behavior of RC and SFRC members and also frames accurately. In addition, the results have shown that use of steel fibers increased bearing capacity and ductility of RC frame. Due to this enhancement in shear strength and ductility, insufficient amount of stirrups, which resulted in shear failure, can be offset with usage of the steel fibers. In addition to the steps taken, to analyze the effects of fibers percentages on the bearing capacity and ductility of frames parametric studies have been performed to investigate of these effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title="nonlinear analysis">nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFRC%20frame" title=" SFRC frame"> SFRC frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20failure" title=" shear failure"> shear failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=varying%20an%20axial%20load" title=" varying an axial load"> varying an axial load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96894/nonlinear-analysis-of-steel-fiber-reinforced-concrete-frames-considering-shear-behaviour-of-members-under-varying-axial-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2047</span> An Analytical Study on Rotational Capacity of Beam-Column Joints in Unit Modular Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung-Suk%20Choi">Kyung-Suk Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Joon%20Kim"> Hyung-Joon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modular structural systems are constructed using a method that they are assembled with prefabricated unit modular frames on-site. This provides a benefit that can significantly reduce building construction time. Their structural design is usually carried out under the assumption that the load-carrying mechanism is similar to that of a traditional steel moment-resisting system. However, both systems are different in terms of beam-column connection details which may strongly influence the lateral structural behavior. Specially, the presence of access holes in a beam-column joint of a unit modular frame could cause undesirable failure during strong earthquakes. Therefore, this study carried out finite element analyses (FEM) of unit modular frames to investigate the cyclic behavior of beam-column joints with the structural influence of access holes. Analysis results show that the unit modular frames present stable cyclic response with large deformation capacities, and their joints are classified into semi-rigid connections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unit%20modular%20frame" title="unit modular frame">unit modular frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20moment%20connection" title=" steel moment connection"> steel moment connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analytical%20model" title=" nonlinear analytical model"> nonlinear analytical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment-rotation%20relation" title=" moment-rotation relation"> moment-rotation relation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21711/an-analytical-study-on-rotational-capacity-of-beam-column-joints-in-unit-modular-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">619</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2046</span> Structural Behaviour of Small-Scale Fibre-Filled Steel Tubular Planar Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadaf%20Karkoodi">Sadaf Karkoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Karampour"> Hassan Karampour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing interest in the construction industry towards hybrid systems. The hybrid systems use construction materials such as timber, steel, and concrete smartly, can be prefabricated, and are cost-effective and sustainable solutions to an industry targeting reduced carbon footprint. Moreover, in case of periodical shortage in timber resources, reusable and waste wood such as fibres can be used in the hybrid modules, which facilitates the circular economy. In this research, a hybrid frame is proposed and experimentally validated by introducing dried wood fibre products inside cold-formed steel square hollow sections without using any adhesives. As such, fibre-filled steel tubular (FFST) columns, beams, and 2D frames are manufactured and tested. The results show that the FFST columns have stiffness and strength 44% and 55% higher than cold-formed steel columns, respectively. The bearing strength of the FFST beams shows an increase of 39.5% compared to steel only. The flexural stiffness and strength of the FFST beams are 8.5% and 28% higher than the bare steel beams, respectively. The FFST frame depicted an 18.4% higher ultimate load capacity than the steel-only frame under a mid-point concentrated load. Moreover, the FFST beam-to-column bolted connection showed high ductile performance. The initial results and the proposed simple manufacturing process suggest that the proposed FFST concept can be upscaled and used in real structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20fibre" title="wood fibre">wood fibre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusing%20wood" title=" reusing wood"> reusing wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre-filled%20steel" title=" fibre-filled steel"> fibre-filled steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20construction" title=" hybrid construction"> hybrid construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176782/structural-behaviour-of-small-scale-fibre-filled-steel-tubular-planar-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2045</span> Seismic Response of Viscoelastic Dampers for Steel Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Khoshraftar">Ali Khoshraftar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Hashemi"> S. A. Hashemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on the advantages of Viscoelastic Dampers (VED) to be used as energy-absorbing devices in buildings. The properties of VED are briefly described. The analytical studies of the model structures exhibiting the structural response reduction due to these viscoelastic devices are presented. Computer simulation of the damped response of a multi-storey steel frame structure shows significant reduction in floor displacement levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dampers" title="dampers">dampers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20evaluation" title=" seismic evaluation"> seismic evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames" title=" steel frames"> steel frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic" title=" viscoelastic"> viscoelastic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30380/seismic-response-of-viscoelastic-dampers-for-steel-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2044</span> Optimum Design of Steel Space Frames by Hybrid Teaching-Learning Based Optimization and Harmony Search Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alper%20Akin">Alper Akin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Aydogdu"> Ibrahim Aydogdu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm to obtain optimum designs for steel space buildings. The optimum design problem of three-dimensional steel frames is mathematically formulated according to provisions of LRFD-AISC (Load and Resistance factor design of American Institute of Steel Construction). Design constraints such as the strength requirements of structural members, the displacement limitations, the inter-story drift and the other structural constraints are derived from LRFD-AISC specification. In this study, a hybrid algorithm by using teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) and harmony search (HS) algorithms is employed to solve the stated optimum design problem. These algorithms are two of the recent additions to metaheuristic techniques of numerical optimization and have been an efficient tool for solving discrete programming problems. Using these two algorithms in collaboration creates a more powerful tool and mitigates each other’s weaknesses. To demonstrate the powerful performance of presented hybrid algorithm, the optimum design of a large scale steel building is presented and the results are compared to the previously obtained results available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20structural%20design" title="optimum structural design">optimum structural design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20techniques" title=" hybrid techniques"> hybrid techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching-learning%20based%20optimization" title=" teaching-learning based optimization"> teaching-learning based optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmony%20search%20algorithm" title=" harmony search algorithm"> harmony search algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20weight" title=" minimum weight"> minimum weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20space%20frame" title=" steel space frame"> steel space frame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25612/optimum-design-of-steel-space-frames-by-hybrid-teaching-learning-based-optimization-and-harmony-search-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2043</span> Enhancing Seismic Performance of Ductile Moment Frames with Delayed Wire-Rope Bracing Using Middle Steel Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babak%20Dizangian">Babak Dizangian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Ghasemi"> Mohammad Reza Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Ghalandari"> Akram Ghalandari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moment frames have considerable ductility against cyclic lateral loads and displacements; however, if this feature causes the relative displacement to exceed the permissible limit, it can impose unfavorable hysteretic behavior on the frame. Therefore, adding a bracing system with the capability of preserving the capacity of high energy absorption and controlling displacements without a considerable increase in the stiffness is quite important. This paper investigates the retrofitting of a single storey steel moment frame through a delayed wire-rope bracing system using a middle steel plate. In this model, the steel plate lies where the wire ropes meet, and the model geometry is such that the cables are continuously under tension so that they can take the most advantage of the inherent potential they have in tolerating tensile stress. Using the steel plate also reduces the system stiffness considerably compared to cross bracing systems and preserves the ductile frame’s energy absorption capacity. In this research, the software models of delayed wire-rope bracing system have been studied, validated, and compared with other researchers’ laboratory test results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20loading" title="cyclic loading">cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delayed%20wire%20rope%20bracing" title=" delayed wire rope bracing"> delayed wire rope bracing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductile%20moment%20frame" title=" ductile moment frame"> ductile moment frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption" title=" energy absorption"> energy absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20curve" title=" hysteresis curve"> hysteresis curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69615/enhancing-seismic-performance-of-ductile-moment-frames-with-delayed-wire-rope-bracing-using-middle-steel-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2042</span> Different Contexts Activate Different Frames: Deepening and Broadening Goal-Framing Theory for Sustainable Food Behaviour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marleen%20Onwezen">Marleen Onwezen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is often assumed that specific consumer groups do or do not have a sustainable lifestyle or that a specific context does or does not trigger sustainable choices. Based on goal-framing theory, this article aims to understand variation in sustainable choices across contexts. We add to the literature by showing the added value of including a moral goal frame (Study 1; N = 1,100) beyond the hedonic, gain, and normative goal frames. Moreover, we add to the literature by revealing how these goal frames are recalled in real-life consumption contexts (Study 2; N = 1,100) and how they can be activated (Study 3; N = 1,651). The results reveal that different goal frames result in different preferences and consumption choices, and that the normative frames showed the most consistent association with sustainable intentions. A contrast exists between frames currently activated in food choice contexts, mainly the gain and hedonic frames, and those associated with sustainable behaviours, the moral and social frames. This indicates the relevance of further understanding and adapting the environment to activate moral and social frames to further enforce sustainable food transitions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goal%20frames" title="goal frames">goal frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20behaviour" title=" sustainable behaviour"> sustainable behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20choice" title=" food choice"> food choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral" title=" moral"> moral</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147047/different-contexts-activate-different-frames-deepening-and-broadening-goal-framing-theory-for-sustainable-food-behaviour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2041</span> Contribution of the SidePlate Beam-Column Connections to the Seismic Responses of Special Moment Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%B6khan%20Y%C3%BCksel">Gökhan Yüksel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdar%20Ak%C3%A7a"> Serdar Akça</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0lker%20Kalkan"> İlker Kalkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the significant levels of contribution of the moment-resisting beam-column connections with side plates to the earthquake behavior of special steel moment frames. To this end, the moment-curvature relationships of a regular beam-column connection and its SidePlate counterpart were determined with the help of finite element analyses. The connection stiffness and deformability values from these finite element analyses were used in the linear time-history analyses of an example structural steel frame under three different seismic excitations. The top-story lateral drift, base shear, and overturning moment values in two orthogonal directions were obtained from these time-history analyses and compared to each other. The results revealed the improvements in the system response with the use of SidePlate connections. The paper ends with crucial recommendations for the plan and design of further studies on this very topic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20detailing" title="seismic detailing">seismic detailing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20moment%20frame" title=" special moment frame"> special moment frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20structures" title=" steel structures"> steel structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam-column%20connection" title=" beam-column connection"> beam-column connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake-resistant%20design" title=" earthquake-resistant design"> earthquake-resistant design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150106/contribution-of-the-sideplate-beam-column-connections-to-the-seismic-responses-of-special-moment-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2040</span> The Effect of Connections Form on Seismic Behavior of Portal Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiavash%20Heidarzadeh">Kiavash Heidarzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seismic behavior of portal frames is mainly based on the shape of their joints. In these structures, vertical and inclined connections are the two general forms of connections. The shapes of connections can make differences in seismic responses of portal frames. Hence, in this paper, for the first step, the non-linear performance of portal frames with vertical and inclined connections has been investigated by monotonic analysis. Also, the effect of section sizes is considered in this analysis. For comparison, hysteresis curves have been evaluated for two model frames with different forms of connections. Each model has three various sizes of the column and beam. Other geometrical parameters have been considered constant. In the second step, for every model, an appropriate size of sections has been selected from the previous step. Next, the seismic behavior of each model has been analyzed by the time history method under three near-fault earthquake records. Finite element ABAQUS software is used for simulation and analysis of samples. Outputs show that connections form can impact on reaction forces of portal frames under earthquake loads. Also, it is understood that the load capacity in frames with vertical connections is more than the frames with inclined connections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclined%20connections" title="inclined connections">inclined connections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monotonic" title=" monotonic"> monotonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portal%20frames" title=" portal frames"> portal frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20behavior" title=" seismic behavior"> seismic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20history" title=" time history"> time history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20connections" title=" vertical connections"> vertical connections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130423/the-effect-of-connections-form-on-seismic-behavior-of-portal-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2039</span> Finite Element Analysis of RC Frames with Retrofitted Infill Walls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20%C3%96mer%20Timura%C4%9Fao%C4%9Flu">M. Ömer Timurağaoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adem%20Do%C4%9Fang%C3%BCn"> Adem Doğangün</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20Livao%C4%9Flu"> Ramazan Livaoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The evaluation of performance of infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames has been a significant challenge for engineers. The strengthening of infill walls has been an important concern to enhance the behavior of RC infilled frames. The aim of this study is to investigate the behaviour of retrofitted infill walls of RC frames using finite element analysis. For this purpose, a one storey, one bay infilled and strengthened infilled RC frame which have the same geometry and material properties with the frames tested in laboratory are modelled using different analytical approaches. A fibrous material is used to strengthen infill walls and frame. As a consequence, the results of the finite element analysis were evaluated of whether these analytical approaches estimate the behavior or not. To model the infilled and strengthened infilled RC frames, a finite element program ABAQUS is used. Finally, data obtained from the nonlinear finite element analysis is compared with the experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infilled%20RC%20frames" title=" infilled RC frames"> infilled RC frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infill%20wall" title=" infill wall"> infill wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9584/finite-element-analysis-of-rc-frames-with-retrofitted-infill-walls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2038</span> Notes on Frames in Weighted Hardy Spaces and Generalized Weighted Composition Operators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shams%20Alyusof">Shams Alyusof</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is to enrich the studies of the frames due to their prominent role in pure mathematics as well as in applied mathematics and many applications in computer science and engineering. Recently, there are remarkable studies of operators that preserve frames on some spaces, and this research could be considered as an extension of such studies. Indeed, this paper is to we characterize weighted composition operators that preserve frames in weighted Hardy spaces on the open unit disk. Moreover, it shows that this characterization does not apply to generalized weighted composition operators on such spaces. Nevertheless, this study could be extended to provide more specific characterizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frames" title="frames">frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20weighted%20composition%20operators" title=" generalized weighted composition operators"> generalized weighted composition operators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20Hardy%20spaces" title=" weighted Hardy spaces"> weighted Hardy spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20functions" title=" analytic functions"> analytic functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156372/notes-on-frames-in-weighted-hardy-spaces-and-generalized-weighted-composition-operators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2037</span> The Study of X- Bracing on Limit State Behaviour of Buckling Restrained Brace (BRB) in Steel Frames Using Pushover Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Shadman%20Heidari">Peyman Shadman Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Bastani"> Hamid Bastani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pouya%20Shadman%20Heidari"> Pouya Shadman Heidari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, using energy dampers in structures is highly considered for the dissipation and absorption of earthquake energy. The main advantage of using energy damper is absorbing the earthquake energy in some sections apart from the structure frame. Among different types of dampers, hysteresis dampers are of special place because of low cost, high reliability and the lack of mechanical parts. In this paper, a special kind of hysteresis damper is considered under the name of buckling brace, which is provided with the aim of the study and investigation of cross braces in boundary behaviour of steel frames using nonlinear static analysis. In this paper, ninety three models of steel frames with cross braces of buckling type are processed with different bays and heights and their plasticity index, behaviour coefficient, distribution type and the number of plastic hinges formed were calculated. Finally, the mean behaviour coefficient was compared with standard behaviour coefficient of 2800 and the suitable mode of braces placing in improving nonlinear behaviour and suitable distribution of plastic hinges were presented. In addition, it was determined that for some placing mode of braces the behaviour coefficient will increase to 15 times of recommended 2800 standard coefficient and in some placing modes, the braced bays will show considerable difference with suggested 2800 standard behaviour coefficient relative to each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling%20restrained%20brace" title="buckling restrained brace">buckling restrained brace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasticity%20index" title=" plasticity index"> plasticity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour%20coefficient" title=" behaviour coefficient"> behaviour coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20coefficient" title=" resistance coefficient"> resistance coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20joints" title=" plastic joints"> plastic joints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4251/the-study-of-x-bracing-on-limit-state-behaviour-of-buckling-restrained-brace-brb-in-steel-frames-using-pushover-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2036</span> Elitist Self-Adaptive Step-Size Search in Optimum Sizing of Steel Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%C4%9Fuzhan%20Hasan%C3%A7ebi">Oğuzhan Hasançebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeid%20Kazemzadeh%20Azad"> Saeid Kazemzadeh Azad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <div>This paper covers application of an elitist selfadaptive</div> <div>step-size search (ESASS) to optimum design of steel</div> <div>skeletal structures. In the ESASS two approaches are considered for</div> <div>improving the convergence accuracy as well as the computational</div> <div>efficiency of the original technique namely the so called selfadaptive</div> <div>step-size search (SASS). Firstly, an additional randomness</div> <div>is incorporated into the sampling step of the technique to preserve</div> <div>exploration capability of the algorithm during the optimization.</div> <div>Moreover, an adaptive sampling scheme is introduced to improve the</div> <div>quality of final solutions. Secondly, computational efficiency of the</div> <div>technique is accelerated via avoiding unnecessary analyses during the</div> <div>optimization process using an upper bound strategy. The numerical</div> <div>results demonstrate the usefulness of the ESASS in the sizing</div> <div>optimization problems of steel truss and frame structures.</div> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20design%20optimization" title="structural design optimization">structural design optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20sizing" title=" optimal sizing"> optimal sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaheuristics" title=" metaheuristics"> metaheuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-adaptive%20step-size%20search" title=" self-adaptive step-size search"> self-adaptive step-size search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20trusses" title=" steel trusses"> steel trusses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames" title=" steel frames"> steel frames</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8724/elitist-self-adaptive-step-size-search-in-optimum-sizing-of-steel-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2035</span> Estimating Lost Digital Video Frames Using Unidirectional and Bidirectional Estimation Based on Autoregressive Time Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navid%20Daryasafar">Navid Daryasafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nima%20Farshidfar"> Nima Farshidfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, we make attempt to hide error in video with an emphasis on the time-wise use of autoregressive (AR) models. To resolve this problem, we assume that all information in one or more video frames is lost. Then, lost frames are estimated using analogous Pixels time information in successive frames. Accordingly, after presenting autoregressive models and how they are applied to estimate lost frames, two general methods are presented for using these models. The first method which is the same standard method of autoregressive models estimates lost frame in unidirectional form. Usually, in such condition, previous frames information is used for estimating lost frame. Yet, in the second method, information from the previous and next frames is used for estimating the lost frame. As a result, this method is known as bidirectional estimation. Then, carrying out a series of tests, performance of each method is assessed in different modes. And, results are compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20steganography" title="error steganography">error steganography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unidirectional%20estimation" title=" unidirectional estimation"> unidirectional estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20estimation" title=" bidirectional estimation"> bidirectional estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AR%20linear%20estimation" title=" AR linear estimation"> AR linear estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14175/estimating-lost-digital-video-frames-using-unidirectional-and-bidirectional-estimation-based-on-autoregressive-time-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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