The University of British Columbia

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html lang="en-ca"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>The University of British Columbia</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta name="description" content="The University of British Columbia is a global centre for research and teaching, consistently ranked among the top 20 public universities in the world."> <meta property="fb:pages" content="16761458703">  <link href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/css/ubc-clf-full-bw.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cloud.typography.com/6804272/781004/css/fonts.css" /> <link href='/_assets/css/style.min.css?11' rel='stylesheet'>     <link rel="shortcut icon" href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/img/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/img/touch-icon-iphone.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/img/touch-icon-ipad.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/img/touch-icon-iphone-retina.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167" href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/img/touch-icon-ipad-retina.png"> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PGPCK4W');</script> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-521384-1', 'auto', {'allowLinker': true}); ga('require', 'linker'); ga('linker:autoLink', ['ubc-faculty-staff.sites.olt.ubc.ca'] ); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> </head> <body class="full-width"> <a class="skip-link" href="#main">Skip to main content</a>  <div class="collapse expand" id="ubc7-global-menu"> <div id="ubc7-search" class="expand"> <div class="container"> <div id="ubc7-search-box"> <form class="form-search" method="get" action="//www.ubc.ca/search/" role="search"> <label for="q">Search UBC</label> <input type="text" id="q" name="q" placeholder="Search UBC" class="input-xlarge search-query"> <button type="submit" class="btn">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="ubc7-global-header" class="expand">  </div> </div> </div>   <header id="ubc7-header" class="row-fluid expand"> <div class="container"> <div class="span1"> <div id="ubc7-logo" aria-label="university logo" role="navigation"> <a href="//www.ubc.ca" title="The University of British Columbia (UBC)">The University of British Columbia</a> </div> </div> <div class="span11" id="ubc7-wordmark-block"> <div id="ubc7-wordmark" aria-label="wordmark"> <a href="//www.ubc.ca">The University of British Columbia</a> </div> <div id="ubc7-global-utility"> <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#ubc7-global-menu" aria-label="search trigger"><span>UBC Search</span></button> <noscript><a id="ubc7-global-utility-no-script" href="//www.ubc.ca/">UBC Search</a></noscript> </div> </div> </div> </header>   <div id="ubc7-unit" class="row-fluid expand hidden-desktop"> <div class="container"> <div class="span12">  <div class="navbar"> <a class="btn btn-navbar collapsed" id="ubc-unit-btn" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#ubc7-unit-navigation" aria-label="Main Menu"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </a> </div> <div class="navbar"> <a class="btn btn-navbar audience-btn collapsed" id="ubc-audience-btn" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#ubc7-audience-navigation" aria-label="Audience Menu"> <span class="icon-user"></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div id="ubc7-unit-menu" class="navbar expand ubc-menu" role="navigation"> <div class="navbar-inner expand"> <div class="container"> <nav class="nav-collapse collapse" id="ubc7-unit-navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/about/" id="menu-about" >About UBC</a> <li><a href="/our-campuses/" id="menu-campus" >Our Campuses</a> <li><a href="/admissions/" id="menu-admissions" >Admissions</a> <li><a href="/academics/" id="menu-academics" >Academics</a> <li><a href="/strategic-priorities/" id="menu-strategic" >Strategic Priorities</a> <li><a href="/research/" id="menu-research" >Research</a> <li><a href="/campus-life/" id="menu-life" >Campus Life</a> <li><a href="https://news.ubc.ca/" id="menu-news" >News</a> <li><a href="https://give.ubc.ca">give UBC</a> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div>   <div id="ubc7-audience-menu" class="navbar expand ubc-menu" role="navigation"> <div class="navbar-inner expand"> <div class="container"> <nav class="nav-collapse collapse" id="ubc7-audience-navigation" aria-label="navigation by audience type"> <span class="icon-user" aria-hidden="true"></span> <ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/prospective-students/" id="menu-prospective" >Prospective Students</a> <li><a href="/undergraduate-students/" id="menu-undergraduate" >Undergraduate Students</a> <li><a href="/graduate-students/" id="menu-graduate" >Graduate Students</a> <li><a href="/faculty-staff/" id="menu-faculty" >Faculty & Staff</a> <li><a href="http://www.alumni.ubc.ca/" id="menu-alumni" >Alumni</a> <li><a href="/community-partners/" id="menu-community" >Community Partners</a> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="full-width-container no-padding" id="main"> <div id="featured" class="expand content" role="main"> <h1>The University of British Columbia</h1> <div class="featured-region bound-wide"> <h2 class="accessibility-use">Marquee</h2> <a href="https://ubctoday.ubc.ca/one-on-one/february-24-2025/judy-rogers"> <div class="featured-region__image"> <picture rel="preload"> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22963-ubc_chancellor-1920x700_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22963-ubc_chancellor-780x780_1x.jpg" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22963-ubc_chancellor-1920x700_1x.jpg" alt="Judy Rogers, UBC Chancellor" /> </picture> </div> <div class="featured-region__gradient"></div> <div class="featured-region__content"> <div class="bound"> <div class="featured-content"> <h3 class="featured-content__title">Meet UBC’s 20th Chancellor</h3> <div class="featured-content__description">Judy Rogers presides over all major ceremonies and convocations</div> <div class="featured-content__link">Read More <span class="icon-angle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div id="latest-update" class="expand content" role="region" aria-label="spotlight"> <div class="bound"> <h2>Spotlight</h2> <div class="spotlight-region"> <div class="spotlight"> <a href="https://alumni.ubc.ca/event/accelerate-action-for-international-womens-day-2025/" class="spotlight__image"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22967-international_womans_day-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22967-international_womans_day-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22967-international_womans_day-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22967-international_womans_day-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="Bahar Moussavi and Shannon Salter" /> </picture> </a> <div class="spotlight__content"> <h3 class="spotlight__title"><a href="https://alumni.ubc.ca/event/accelerate-action-for-international-womens-day-2025/">Accelerate action for International Women’s Day 2025</a></h3> <div class="spotlight__date"></div> <div class="spotlight__description">Discover how you can help make meaningful contributions toward change</div> </div> </div><div class="spotlight"> <a href="https://focusonpeople.ubc.ca/awards/presidents-awards-for-staff/" class="spotlight__image"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22972-ubc_presidents_award-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22972-ubc_presidents_award-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22972-ubc_presidents_award-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22972-ubc_presidents_award-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="President’s Awards for Staff medal" /> </picture> </a> <div class="spotlight__content"> <h3 class="spotlight__title"><a href="https://focusonpeople.ubc.ca/awards/presidents-awards-for-staff/">Nominate for President’s Awards for Staff</a></h3> <div class="spotlight__date"></div> <div class="spotlight__description">Recognize and celebrate employees for their outstanding contributions to the university</div> </div> </div><div class="spotlight"> <a href="https://students.ubc.ca/career/events-workshops/spring-career-fair/" class="spotlight__image"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22977-spring_career_fair-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22977-spring_career_fair-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22977-spring_career_fair-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22977-spring_career_fair-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="Booth at a career fair" /> </picture> </a> <div class="spotlight__content"> <h3 class="spotlight__title"><a href="https://students.ubc.ca/career/events-workshops/spring-career-fair/">Attend Spring Career Fair at UBC</a></h3> <div class="spotlight__date"></div> <div class="spotlight__description">Event features more than 60 employers and schools to share opportunities</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="connect-social" class="expand content" role="region" aria-label="UBC social channels"> <div class="bound"> <hr class="hidden-phone" /> <div class="social-content-region"> <h2>Connect with UBC</h2> <div class="social-icons"> <a href="//www.facebook.com/universityofbc?fref=ts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="facebook"><span class="icon-facebook-sign"></span></a>  <a href="//instagram.com/universityofbc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="instagram"><span class="icon-instagram-sign"></span></a>  <a href="//twitter.com/ubc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="twitter"><span class="icon-twitter-sign"></span></a>  <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/universityofbc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin"><span class="icon-linkedin-sign"></span></a>  <a href="//www.youtube.com/user/ubc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="YouTube"><span class="icon-youtube"></span></a>  <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@universityofbc" class="social-media-icon-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="TikTok"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 2859 3333" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" text-rendering="geometricPrecision" image-rendering="optimizeQuality" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"><path d="M2081 0c55 473 319 755 778 785v532c-266 26-499-61-770-225v995c0 1264-1378 1659-1932 753-356-583-138-1606 1004-1647v561c-87 14-180 36-265 65-254 86-398 247-358 531 77 544 1075 705 992-358V1h551z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <hr class="hidden-phone" /> </div> </div> <div id="glance" class="expand content" role="region" aria-label="explore UBC"> <div class="bound"> <h2>Explore UBC</h2> <div class="ubcnow-region"> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://magazine.alumni.ubc.ca/2025/business-humanities/amid-backlash-against-corporate-dei-heres-how-move-forward"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/23007-dei_backlash-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/23007-dei_backlash-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/23007-dei_backlash-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/23007-dei_backlash-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="A group protest" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=research">Research</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://magazine.alumni.ubc.ca/2025/business-humanities/amid-backlash-against-corporate-dei-heres-how-move-forward">Amid the backlash against corporate DEI, here’s how to move forward</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Research explores these tensions</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://news.ok.ubc.ca/2025/02/11/students-lonely-campus-therapy-dogs-ubc-okanagan-bark/"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/23002-therapy_dog-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/23002-therapy_dog-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/23002-therapy_dog-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/23002-therapy_dog-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="BARK volunteer Sam Levin, and Nava greet students at UBC Okanagan." /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=research">Research</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://news.ok.ubc.ca/2025/02/11/students-lonely-campus-therapy-dogs-ubc-okanagan-bark/">Feeling lonely? Campus therapy dogs may be the fix</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Research finds canines can ease feelings of loneliness, particularly for international students</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://arts.ubc.ca/news/six-books-by-ubc-arts-scholars-to-read-for-black-history-month-and-beyond/"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22997-black_history_month-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22997-black_history_month-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22997-black_history_month-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22997-black_history_month-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="Six books covers by UBC Arts scholars" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=arts and culture">Arts and Culture</a>, <a href="/archives/?tags=research">Research</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://arts.ubc.ca/news/six-books-by-ubc-arts-scholars-to-read-for-black-history-month-and-beyond/">Six books by UBC Arts scholars to read for Black History Month and beyond</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Scholars provide critical insights into Black experiences</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/ubc-canucks-hockey-backup-goalie/"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22992-t_birds_ebug-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22992-t_birds_ebug-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22992-t_birds_ebug-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22992-t_birds_ebug-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="Two UBC Thunderbirds at the ice rink" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=community">Community</a>, <a href="/archives/?tags=people">People</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/ubc-canucks-hockey-backup-goalie/">T-Birds by day, EBUGs by night</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Two UBC Thunderbirds share their experience serving as the Canucks’ third string goalies for every home game</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/counting-the-days-a-new-way-to-measure-disaster-impact/"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22987-disaster_impact-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22987-disaster_impact-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22987-disaster_impact-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22987-disaster_impact-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="wildfire at night" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=research">Research</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/counting-the-days-a-new-way-to-measure-disaster-impact/">Counting the days: A new way to measure disaster impact</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Researchers develop a new way to measure the burden that disasters place on communities</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ubcnow-wrapper"> <div class="ubcnow"> <div class="ubcnow__image"> <a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/why-leaky-plants-could-accelerate-climate-change/"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="/_cache/images/22982-leaky_plants-1480x1480_4x.jpg 4x, /_cache/images/22982-leaky_plants-370x370_1x.jpg" /> <source srcset="/_cache/images/22982-leaky_plants-540x540_2x.jpg 2x" /> <img src="/_cache/images/22982-leaky_plants-370x370_1x.jpg" alt="Dr. Sean Michaletz working in the lab" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="ubcnow__content"> <div class="ubcnow__topic"><a href="/archives/?tags=research">Research</a></div> <h3 class="ubcnow__title"><a href="https://news.ubc.ca/2025/02/why-leaky-plants-could-accelerate-climate-change/">Why ‘leaky’ plants could accelerate climate change</a></h3> <div class="ubcnow__description">Plants help regulate Earth’s climate, but research suggests rising temperatures may disrupt this balance</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="homepage-archive margin-bottom-small"> <div class="cta"><a href="/archives/">Explore More <span class="icon-angle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="LandAcknowledgement_wrapper "> <div class="main-container no-image"> <div class="no-image-desc "> <p class="body-text " >We acknowledge that UBC鈥檚 two main campuses are situated within the ancestral and unceded territory of the Musqueam people, and in the traditional, ancestral, unceded territory of the Syilx Okanagan Nation and their peoples.</p> </div> </div> </section> <footer id="ubc7-footer"> <div class="expand" id="ubc7-unit-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span5"> <div class="ubc7-address-campus"><strong>Vancouver Campus</strong></div> <div class="ubc7-address-street">6200 University Blvd</div> <div class="ubc7-address-location"> <span class="ubc7-address-city">Vancouver</span>, <span class="ubc7-address-province">BC</span> <span class="ubc7-address-country">Canada</span> <span class="ubc7-address-postal">V6T 1Z4</span> </div> <div class="ubc7-address-link reverse"><a href="/about/contact.html">Contact the Vancouver campus</a></div> </div> <div class="span5"> <div class="ubc7-address-campus"><strong>Okanagan Campus</strong></div> <div class="ubc7-address-street">3333 University Way</div> <div class="ubc7-address-location"> <span class="ubc7-address-city">Kelowna</span>, <span class="ubc7-address-province">BC</span> <span class="ubc7-address-country">Canada</span> <span class="ubc7-address-postal">V1V 1V7</span> </div> <div class="ubc7-address-link reverse"><a href="/about/contact-okanagan.html">Contact the Okanagan campus</a></div> </div> <div class="span2"> <strong>Find UBC on</strong> <div id="ubc7-unit-social-icons"> <a href="//www.facebook.com/universityofbc?fref=ts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="facebook"><span class="icon-facebook-sign"></span></a> <a href="//instagram.com/universityofbc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="instagram"><span class="icon-instagram-sign" title="Instagram"></span></a> <a href="//twitter.com/ubc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="twitter"><span class="icon-twitter-sign"></span></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/universityofbc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Linkedin"><span class="icon-linkedin-sign"></span></a> <a href="//www.youtube.com/user/ubc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="YouTube"><span class="icon-youtube"></span></a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@universityofbc" class="social-media-icon-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="TikTok"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 2859 3333" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" text-rendering="geometricPrecision" image-rendering="optimizeQuality" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"><path d="M2081 0c55 473 319 755 778 785v532c-266 26-499-61-770-225v995c0 1264-1378 1659-1932 753-356-583-138-1606 1004-1647v561c-87 14-180 36-265 65-254 86-398 247-358 531 77 544 1075 705 992-358V1h551z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expand"> <div class="container"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span2"> <div class="ubc7-back-to-top"> <a class="reverse" href="#">Back to top <div class="ubc7-arrow up-arrow gray"></div></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expand" id="ubc7-global-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span5" id="ubc7-signature"><a href="//www.ubc.ca/">The University of British Columbia</a></div> <div class="span7" id="ubc7-footer-menu"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expand" id="ubc7-minimal-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span12"> <ul> <li><a href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/ref/emergency">Emergency Procedures</a> <span class="divider">|</span></li> <li><a href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/ref/terms">Terms of Use</a> <span class="divider">|</span></li> <li><a href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/ref/copyright">UBC Copyright</a> <span class="divider">|</span></li> <li><a href="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/ref/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hide"></div> </footer>  <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/_assets/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"><\/script>')</script> <script src="//cdn.ubc.ca/clf/7.0.5/js/ubc-clf.min.js"></script> <script src='/_assets/js/script.min.js?2' ></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

The University of British Columbia