Learn Intermediate C++: Pointers, Structures & File Handling

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padding-left:0;} .cookie_stng ul.tabs li a,.cookie_stng ul.tabs li a:hover{line-height:26px; color:#888; border:1px solid #d5d5d5; border-radius:20px; text-align:center; padding:0 15px;} .cookie_stng ul.tabs li a.active{background:#000; border-color:#000; color:#fff;} } @media screen and (max-width:767px){ .cookie_stng .scroll-content{padding-right:10px;} .cookie_stng table th:nth-child(3), .cookie_stng table th:nth-child(4), .cookie_stng table th:nth-child(5), .cookie_stng table td:nth-child(3), .cookie_stng table td:nth-child(4), .cookie_stng table td:nth-child(5){display:none;} .cookie_accpt{padding:10px 0; } .cookie_accpt p{float:none; width:auto; margin-bottom:10px; text-align:center; padding:0 15px;} .cookie_accpt input[type="button"]{float:none; margin:0 auto;} } </style> <div class="hide"> <div class="cookie_accpt hide"> <div class="wrapper clearfix"> <p>We have updated our <a href="/terms_conditions.php" target="_blank">terms and conditions</a> and <a href="/privacy_policy.php" target="_blank">privacy policy</a> </strong><br/> Click "Continue" to accept and continue with Growfast</p> <input type="button" class="closebtn" value="Continue" /> </div> </div> <div class="cookie_stng hide"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="intro"> <h2>Accept the updated privacy & cookie policy</h2> <p style="text-align:left">Dear user, <br><br>Growfast privacy and cookie policy has been updated to align with the new data regulations in European Union. Please review and accept these changes below to continue using the website.<br><br>You can see our <a target="_blank" style="color:red" href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/eu/privacy_policy.php">privacy policy</a> & our <a target="_blank" style="color:red" href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/cookie_policy.php">cookie policy</a>. We use cookies to ensure the best experience for you on our website.<br><br>If you choose to ignore this message, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on Growfast.</p> </div> <form> <ul class="tabs clearfix"> <li><a class="active" href="#" data-target="cookietabAnalytics">Analytics</a></li><li><a class="" href="#" data-target="cookietabNecessary">Necessary</a></li><li><a class="hideit" href="#" data-target="cookietabNewsletter">Newsletter</a></li> </ul> <div data-box="cookietabAnalytics" class="scroll-content "> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Name</th><th>Provider</th><th>Expiry</th><th>Type</th><th>Purpose</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td><input name="config.ga" id="id-config-ga" type="hidden" value="0"><input name="config.ga" type="checkbox" value="1" /></td><td><label for="id-config-ga">Google Analytics</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ga">Google</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ga">1 Year</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ga">HTTPS</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ga">To track visitors to the site, their origin & behaviour.</label></td></tr><tr><td><input name="config.ibeat" id="id-config-ibeat" type="hidden" value="0"><input name="config.ibeat" type="checkbox" value="1" /></td><td><label for="id-config-ibeat">iBeat Analytics</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ibeat">Ibeat</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ibeat">1 Year</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ibeat">HTTPS</label></td><td><label for="id-config-ibeat">To track article's statistics</label></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div data-box="cookietabNecessary" class="scroll-content hide"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Name</th><th>Provider</th><th>Expiry</th><th>Type</th><th>Purpose</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td><input name="config.optout" id="id-config-optout" type="hidden" value="1"><input name="config.optout" type="checkbox" value="1" checked disabled/></td><td><label for="id-config-optout">optout</label></td><td><label for="id-config-optout">Times Internet</label></td><td><label for="id-config-optout">1 Year</label></td><td><label for="id-config-optout">HTTPS</label></td><td><label for="id-config-optout">Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain</label></td></tr><tr><td><input name="config.PHPSESSID" id="id-config-PHPSESSID" type="hidden" value="1"><input name="config.PHPSESSID" type="checkbox" value="1" checked disabled/></td><td><label for="id-config-PHPSESSID">PHPSESSID</label></td><td><label for="id-config-PHPSESSID">Times Internet</label></td><td><label for="id-config-PHPSESSID">1 day</label></td><td><label for="id-config-PHPSESSID">HTTPS</label></td><td><label for="id-config-PHPSESSID">Stores user's preferences</label></td></tr><tr><td><input name="config.accessCode" id="id-config-accessCode" type="hidden" value="1"><input name="config.accessCode" type="checkbox" value="1" checked disabled/></td><td><label 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for="id-config-fpid">Times Internet</label></td><td><label for="id-config-fpid">1 Year</label></td><td><label for="id-config-fpid">HTTPS</label></td><td><label for="id-config-fpid">Browser Fingerprinting to uniquely identify client browsers</label></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div data-box="cookietabNewsletter" class="scroll-content hide"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Name</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Purpose</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td><input name="config.newsletter" id="id-config-newsletter" type="hidden" value="0"><input name="config.newsletter" type="checkbox" value="1" /></td><td><label for="id-config-newsletter">Daily Newsletter</label></td><td><label for="id-config-newsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-newsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-newsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-newsletter">Receive daily list of important news</label></td></tr><tr><td><input name="config.promonewsletter" id="id-config-promonewsletter" type="hidden" value="0"><input name="config.promonewsletter" type="checkbox" value="1" /></td><td><label for="id-config-promonewsletter">Promo Mailers</label></td><td><label for="id-config-promonewsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-promonewsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-promonewsletter"></label></td><td><label for="id-config-promonewsletter">Receive information about events, industry, etc.</label></td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <footer> <label><input type="hidden" name="useragreement" value="0" /><input type="checkbox" name="useragreement" value="1" /> I've read & accepted the <a style="color:red" href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/terms_conditions.php" target="_blank">terms and conditions</a></label> <input type="button" id="submitconsent" value="OK"> <span class="err_txt hide"></span> </footer> </form> </div> </div> </div> <script> executeOnReady(function(){ $(".cookie_stng 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nations blockedPaths : '^/(blocked-path)+.*', //these pages would redirect to service unavailable page for gdpr nations blockedExceptionPaths : '/(the-energy-switch|webinars.*309)+.*', queryParams : {}, userPreference : {}, fingerprint : '', gdprregions : [5], storage : (!!window.localStorage?window.localStorage:(!!window.sessionStorage?window.sessionStorage:'')), useremail : '', useridentifier : '', userip : '', ajax : (function(){ var ajax = {}; ajax.x = function () { if (typeof XMLHttpRequest !== 'undefined') { return new XMLHttpRequest(); } var versions = [ "MSXML2.XmlHttp.6.0", "MSXML2.XmlHttp.5.0", "MSXML2.XmlHttp.4.0", "MSXML2.XmlHttp.3.0", "MSXML2.XmlHttp.2.0", "Microsoft.XmlHttp" ]; var xhr; for (var i = 0; i < versions.length; i++) { try { xhr = new ActiveXObject(versions[i]); break; } catch (e) { } } return xhr; }; ajax.send = function (url, callback, method, data, async) { if (async === undefined) { async = true; } var x = ajax.x(); x.open(method, url, async); 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'?' + query.join('&') : ''), callback, 'GET', null, async) }; ajax.post = function (url, data, callback, async) { var query = []; for (var key in data) { query.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(data[key])); } ajax.send(url, callback, 'POST', query.join('&'), async) }; return ajax; })(), serviceCallComplete : function(){ b2bGdpr.resettrackingcookies = 1; if(b2bGdpr.getStorage('accessCode') != objGdpr.location) b2bGdpr.deleteStorage('userPreference'); b2bGdpr.setStorage('accessCode',objGdpr.location,0.1); b2bGdpr.setCookie('accessCode',objGdpr.location,0.1); if(b2bGdpr.gdprregions.indexOf(parseInt(objGdpr.location)) > -1 && typeof b2bGdpr.queryParams.redirect == 'undefined' && !(b2bGdpr.useremail)) location.assign(location.href+((location.href.indexOf('?')>-1)?'&':'?')+'redirect=1'); b2bGdpr.process(); }, process : function(){ if(b2bGdpr.gdprregions.indexOf(parseInt(objGdpr.location)) > -1) { /************* use storage instead of cookie ***********/ b2bGdpr.isgdprnation = 1; //b2bGdpr.blockcookies = 1; /************* start redirect ***********/ if(b2bGdpr.pagePath == '/privacy_policy.php') { location.assign('/eu/privacy_policy.php'); } if(b2bGdpr.blockedPaths.length > 0) { pattern = new RegExp(b2bGdpr.blockedPaths); patternexception = (b2bGdpr.blockedExceptionPaths.length == 0)?'':new RegExp(b2bGdpr.blockedExceptionPaths); if(pattern.test(b2bGdpr.pagePath) && (patternexception && !patternexception.test(b2bGdpr.pagePath))) { location.assign('/service-unavailable'); } }; if(typeof blockpageaccess != 'undefined' && blockpageaccess == 1) location.assign('/service-unavailable'); /************ load user preference ***********/ b2bGdpr.loadPreference(); /************* delete all cookies ***********/ /* var res = document.cookie; var multiple = res.split(";"); for(var i = 0; i < multiple.length; i++) { var key = multiple[i].split("="); document.cookie = key[0]+" =; expires = Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;"; } */ /************** Set Optout Cookie for dmp + columbia *************/ if(b2bGdpr.resettrackingcookies) b2bGdpr.setCookie('optout',1,1,'.indiatimes.com'); /************** optout ga *********************/ if(b2bGdpr.userPreference['config.ga'] == 1) b2bGdpr.ga.optin(); else b2bGdpr.ga.optout(); /************ hidding form elements **************/ executeOnComplete(function(){ document.body.className += ' ' + 'vanillaaccess'+ ' '; $("a[href*='/enroll']","a[href*='/invite']").remove(); $(".user-area").html('<span class="login-btn" id="top-login-btn"><a id="" href="/gdpr-download" style="cursor:pointer;" data-modname="Global_header">Request / Delete Data</a>  <a id="" href="/eu/privacy_policy.php" style="cursor:pointer;" data-modname="Global_header">Privacy setting</a></span>').show(); $(".topRightBX").css('width','auto'); }); } else{ if(b2bGdpr.useremail && !(b2bGdpr.getStorage('cookiethank'))) { executeOnComplete(function(){ prevent_default_layers = true; $(".cookie_accpt").removeClass('hide'); $(".cookie_accpt .closebtn").on('click',function(){ $(".cookie_accpt").addClass('hide'); b2bGdpr.setStorage('cookiethank',1,30); }); }); } } }, init : function(){ b2bGdpr.queryParams = b2bGdpr.getQueryParams(document.location.search); b2bGdpr.useremail = (b2bGdpr.queryParams.em)?(atob(b2bGdpr.queryParams.em)):''; b2bGdpr.useridentifier = b2bGdpr.getFingerprint(); b2bGdpr.getUserIP(function(ip){ b2bGdpr.userip = ip; }) if(b2bGdpr.getStorage('accessCode') != null) { objGdpr.location = b2bGdpr.getStorage('accessCode'); b2bGdpr.process(); } else{ //objGdpr.init(); } }, setStorage : function(key,data,exdays){ if(!b2bGdpr.storage) return b2bGdpr.setCookie(key,data,exdays); var $data = {}; $data['expires'] = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + exdays*24*60*60; $data['data'] = data; b2bGdpr.storage.setItem(key,JSON.stringify($data)); }, getStorage : function(key){ if(!b2bGdpr.storage) return b2bGdpr.getCookie(key); var $data = b2bGdpr.storage.getItem(key); if($data !=null) { $data = JSON.parse($data); var lsexpires = $data['expires']; if(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) >= lsexpires) { b2bGdpr.deleteStorage(key); return null; } if('data' in $data) return $data['data']; else { b2bGdpr.deleteStorage(key); return null; } } else return null; }, deleteStorage : function(key){ if(!b2bGdpr.storage) return b2bGdpr.setCookie(key,'',-1); b2bGdpr.storage.removeItem(key); }, setCookie : function (c_name, value, exdays,domain){ var exdate = new Date(); exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays); var c_value = escape(value) + ((exdays==null) ? "" : "; path=/; domain="+((typeof domain != 'undefined')?domain:(location.hostname))+"; expires="+exdate.toUTCString()); document.cookie=c_name + "=" + c_value; }, getCookie : function (c_name){ var c_value = document.cookie; var c_start = c_value.indexOf(" " + c_name + "="); if (c_start == -1){ c_start = c_value.indexOf(c_name + "="); } if (c_start == -1){ c_value = null; } else { c_start = c_value.indexOf("=", c_start) + 1; var c_end = c_value.indexOf(";", c_start); if (c_end == -1){ c_end = c_value.length; } c_value = unescape(c_value.substring(c_start,c_end)); } return c_value; }, ga : { disablestr : 'ga-disable-GTM-P8KJNLQ6', optout :function() { if(b2bGdpr.resettrackingcookies) b2bGdpr.setCookie(b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr,true,0.1); window[b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr] = true; }, optin :function() { b2bGdpr.setCookie(b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr,true,-1); window[b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr] = false; } }, getQueryParams : function(qs) { qs = qs.split("+").join(" "); var params = {}, tokens, re = /[?&]?([^=]+)=([^&]*)/g; while (tokens = re.exec(qs)) { params[decodeURIComponent(tokens[1])] = decodeURIComponent(tokens[2]); } return params; }, savePreference : function($preference,$output){ var proceed = true; if(typeof $output['config.newsletter'] != 'undefined') { if($output['config.newsletter'] == 0 && $output['config.promonewsletter'] == 0) { proceed = confirm("Are you sure, You don't want to receive any email from "+SITE_TITLE+"?"); } else if($output['config.newsletter'] == 0) { proceed = confirm("Are you sure, You don't want to receive "+SITE_TITLE+" Newsletters?"); } else if($output['config.promonewsletter'] == 0) { proceed = confirm("Are you sure, You don't want to receive promotional Emails?"); } if(proceed) b2bGdpr.setStorage('emailPreference',1,30); } else { b2bGdpr.setStorage('userPreference',$output,100); } if(proceed == true) { $("#submitconsent").val('Saving...'); b2bGdpr.postConsentToPersonalisationAPI($preference); b2bGdpr.postConsentToB2BAPI($preference); $("#submitconsent").val('Saved'); setTimeout(function(){ location.reload(true); },500); } }, loadPreference : function(){ loadScript('https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/js_etidentifierv.cms?v=1',function(){ etIdentifiers.onLoad(13, 0); b2bGdpr.useridentifier = etIdentifiers.getIdentifier(); if(b2bGdpr.useridentifier == 0) b2bGdpr.useridentifier = b2bGdpr.getFingerprint(); if(b2bGdpr.userPreference = b2bGdpr.getStorage('userPreference')) { b2bGdpr.processPreference(); } else{ b2bGdpr.userPreference = {}; b2bGdpr.processPreference(); } /*else{ //removed as it isnt required var userIdentifier = b2bGdpr.useridentifier; b2bGdpr.ajax.post(base_url+'/ajax_files/etb2b_gdpr_mailer_consent.php?otheroperations=1&fetchpreference=1',{'email':b2bGdpr.useremail,'personlisationid':userIdentifier},function(data){ var consents = {}; if(data['consent'] && data['consent']['consents']){ data['consent']['consents'].forEach(function (item) { consents[item.dataPoint.text] = ((item.agree && item.agree == 'true' || item.agree == true)?1:0) }); b2bGdpr.userPreference = consents; b2bGdpr.setStorage('userPreference',b2bGdpr.userPreference,100); } b2bGdpr.processPreference(); }); }*/ }); }, processPreference : function(){ executeOnComplete(function(){ if($.isEmptyObject(b2bGdpr.userPreference)) { b2bGdpr.userPreference = {}; b2bGdpr.askPreference(); } else if(b2bGdpr.useremail && !(b2bGdpr.getStorage('emailPreference'))) { b2bGdpr.askPreference(); } }); }, askPreference : function(){ executeOnComplete(function(){ if(!(b2bGdpr.useremail)) { $(".cookie_stng input[name='config.newsletter']").remove(); } else { //$(".cookie_stng h2").text('Consent to keep receiving communication from '+SITE_TITLE); //$(".cookie_stng p").html('In order to protect your data and privacy better, we have updated our <a href="/privacy_policy.php" target="_blank">privacy policies</a> and <a href="/terms_conditions.php" target="_blank">terms & conditions</a>.'); //$(".cookie_stng [data-box][data-box!='cookietabNewsletter']").remove(); //$(".cookie_stng [data-target][data-target!='cookietabNewsletter']").addClass('hideit'); $(".cookie_stng [data-target='cookietabNewsletter']").removeClass('hideit'); $(".cookie_stng [data-target='cookietabNewsletter']").trigger('click'); setTimeout(function(){ $(".cookie_stng [data-target='cookietabNewsletter']").trigger('click'); },500); } $(".cookie_stng").removeClass('hide'); }); }, postConsentToPersonalisationAPI : function(consent){ var userIdentifier = b2bGdpr.useridentifier; $.ajax({ url: 'https://etservices2.indiatimes.com/ET_B2B_WEB/consent', method:'POST', contentType:'application/json', processData: false, data: JSON.stringify(consent), beforeSend: function(xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader("Authorization", userIdentifier); xhr.setRequestHeader("X-PRIMARY", userIdentifier); }, success: function(data) { console.log('xxxxxxxxxxxxxx'); console.log(data); } }); }, postConsentToB2BAPI : function(consent){ var userIdentifier = b2bGdpr.useridentifier; $.ajax({ url: base_url+'/ajax_files/etb2b_gdpr_mailer_consent.php?email='+b2bGdpr.useremail+'&personlisationid='+userIdentifier, method:'POST', data: { 'consent':JSON.stringify(consent), }, success: function(data) { console.log('xxxxxxxxxxxxxx'); console.log(data); } }); }, getConsentFromPersonalisationAPI : function(){ var userIdentifier = b2bGdpr.useridentifier; $.ajax({ url: 'https://etservices2.indiatimes.com/ET_B2B_WEB/consent', method:'GET', contentType:'application/json', beforeSend: function(xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader("Authorization", userIdentifier); xhr.setRequestHeader("X-PRIMARY", userIdentifier); }, success: function(data) { console.log('xxxxxxxxxxxxxx'); console.log(data); } }); }, getFingerprint : function() { function checksum(str) { var hash = 5381,i = str.length; while (i--) hash = (hash * 33) ^ str.charCodeAt(i); return hash >>> 0; } function map(arr, fn){ var i = 0, len = arr.length, ret = []; while(i < len){ ret[i] = fn(arr[i++]); } return ret; } return checksum([ navigator.userAgent, [screen.height, screen.width, screen.colorDepth,b2bGdpr.userip].join('x'), new Date().getTimezoneOffset(), !!window.sessionStorage, !!window.localStorage, map(navigator.plugins, function (plugin) { return [ plugin.name, plugin.description, map(plugin, function (mime) { return [mime.type, mime.suffixes].join('~'); }).join(',') ].join("::"); }).join(';') ].join('###')); }, getUserIP : function(onNewIP) { // onNewIp - your listener function for new IPs //compatibility for firefox and chrome var myPeerConnection = window.RTCPeerConnection || window.mozRTCPeerConnection || window.webkitRTCPeerConnection; var pc = new myPeerConnection({ iceServers: [] }), noop = function() {}, localIPs = {}, ipRegex = /([0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){3}|[a-f0-9]{1,4}(:[a-f0-9]{1,4}){7})/g, key; function iterateIP(ip) { if (!localIPs[ip]) onNewIP(ip); localIPs[ip] = true; } //create a bogus data channel pc.createDataChannel(""); // create offer and set local description pc.createOffer().then(function(sdp) { sdp.sdp.split('\n').forEach(function(line) { if (line.indexOf('candidate') < 0) return; line.match(ipRegex).forEach(iterateIP); }); pc.setLocalDescription(sdp, noop, noop); }).catch(function(reason) { // An error occurred, so handle the failure to connect }); //listen for candidate events pc.onicecandidate = function(ice) { if (!ice || !ice.candidate || !ice.candidate.candidate || !ice.candidate.candidate.match(ipRegex)) return; ice.candidate.candidate.match(ipRegex).forEach(iterateIP); }; } }; //b2bGdpr.init(); function isGDPRNation(){ return false; if(typeof b2bGdpr != 'undefined' && typeof b2bGdpr.isgdprnation != 'undefined' && b2bGdpr.isgdprnation == 1) return true; else return false; } if(!isGDPRNation()){ b2bGdpr.ga.optin(); b2bGdpr.setCookie('optout',1,-1,'.indiatimes.com'); } else if (document.cookie.indexOf(b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr + '=true') > -1) { window[b2bGdpr.ga.disablestr] = true; } </script> <style> body.vanillaaccess .l2_outer_bx{d1isplay:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess #l2_overlay_bx_1{d1isplay:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess .user-area1{display:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess .logged_username{display:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess div.subscribe{display:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess .newsletter.show_subscribe_pop_btn{display:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess .invite-frnds_btn{display:none !important;} body.vanillaaccess .addthis_button_email{display:none !important;} </style> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@300;400;500;600;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://tl-css.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/css/jquery-ui.min.css?mod=2591" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://tl-css.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/slick/slick.min.css?mod=2591" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://tl-css.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/css/oauth.login.css?mod=2591" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://tl-css.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/css/etmaster-custom-import-url.css?mod=2591" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://tl-css.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/min/etmaster-custom.min.css?mod=2591" />  <script type="text/javascript"> var mc_product = "recorded-course"; var mc_type = ""; if (typeof window.JSON === 'undefined') { document.write('<script src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/javascript/etb2b_history_json2.js"><\/script>'); } (function ga(){return ;}); var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" src="https://tl-js.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/js/jquery.min.js?mod=2591"></script> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" src="https://tl-js.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/slick/slick.min.js?mod=2591"></script> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" src="https://tl-js.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/assets/min/oauth.login.min.js?mod=2591"></script> <script type='text/javascript'> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; googletag.renderedads = googletag.renderedads || {}; googletag.renderedads['empty'] = googletag.renderedads['empty'] || []; googletag.renderedads['rendered'] = googletag.renderedads['rendered'] || []; googletag.renderedads['count'] = googletag.renderedads['count'] || {'total':0,'complete':0}; var slideshowGPTBanner; var sidebarGoogleAdsSlots = []; googletag.cmd.push(function() { // var _auds = new Array(); if(typeof(_ccaud)!='undefined') { for(var i=0;i<_ccaud.Profile.Audiences.Audience.length;i++) { if(i<200) _auds.push(_ccaud.Profile.Audiences.Audience[i].abbr); } } // // var _HDL = ''; var _ARC1 = ''; var _Hyp1 = ''; var _article = ''; var _tval = function(v) { if(typeof(v)=='undefined') return ''; if(v.length>100) return v.substr(0,100); return v; } // var mappingATFResponsive1000 = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1,1],[320, 50]).addSize([480,200],[468, 60]).addSize([768,200],[728,90],[610,70]).addSize([1003,200],[[610,70],[728,90],[1003, 90]]).build(); var mappingATFResponsive728 = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1,1],[320, 50]).addSize([480,200],[468, 60]).addSize([768,200],[[610,70],[728,90]]).build(); var mappingATFResponddsive610 = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1,1],[320, 50]).addSize([480,200],[468, 60]).addSize([768,200],[610,70]).build(); var mappingFBN = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1, 1],[320, 50]).addSize([480, 200], [468, 60]).addSize([768, 200], []).build(); var mappingATF=[]; googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sg', _auds).setTargeting('HDL', _tval(_HDL)).setTargeting('ARC1', _tval(_ARC1)).setTargeting('Hyp1', _tval(_Hyp1)).setTargeting('article', _tval(_article)); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.enableServices(); googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function (event) { googletag.renderedads['count']['complete'] = googletag.renderedads['count']['complete'] + 1; var id = event.slot.getSlotElementId(); googletag.renderedads[(event.isEmpty?'empty':'rendered')].push(id); if(event.isEmpty) callProductEndAds(id); else handleGoogleAdLoad(id); }); executeOnReady(function(){ positionAdSlots(); }) }); function positionAdSlots(){ if($('body').hasClass('js-v2')){ $in_content_ad_wrapper1 = '<div class="in_content_ad_wrapper ad"></div>'; $in_content_ad_wrapper2 = '<div class="in_content_ad_wrapper bs_article"><div class="featured_section" data-type="sponsered_content" id="sponsered_articles_inbody" data-ftd-type="sponsered_content_article_detail"></div></div>'; if($('.js-v2 .artcle-txt p:eq(0)').length > 0){ $($in_content_ad_wrapper1).insertAfter($('.js-v2 .artcle-txt p:eq(0)')) $($in_content_ad_wrapper2).insertAfter($('.js-v2 .artcle-txt p:eq(1)')) } else{ $($in_content_ad_wrapper1).insertAfter($('.js-v2 .artcle-txt br:eq(1)')) $($in_content_ad_wrapper2).insertAfter($('.js-v2 .artcle-txt br:eq(3)')) } if(deviceType == 'mobile') { $('.in_content_ad_wrapper.ad').append($("div[id^='div-gpt-ad'].sidebarads:eq(0)")); } else { $('.in_content_ad_wrapper.ad').append($('.main-body>.container>.row>.col-md-12 .post-rhs-sidebar')); } } $("div[id^='div-gpt-ad']").each(function(){ googletag.renderedads['count']['total'] = googletag.renderedads['count']['total'] + 1; var pushTagIdentifier = $(this).attr('id'); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display(pushTagIdentifier); }); }); } function callProductEndAds($id){ executeOnReady(function(){ $("#"+$("#"+$id).data('ad-fallback-element')).removeClass('featured_section_disabled').addClass('featured_section'); if(googletag.renderedads['count']['complete'] >= googletag.renderedads['count']['total']) render_featured_sections(); }); } function addLeaderBoardClass($obj){ $('body').addClass('hasLeaderBoardBanner'); } function handleGoogleAdLoad($id){ executeOnReady(function(){ if($("#"+$id).data('ad-fallback-element') == 'featured_header_top_right') { $(".logoBx").addClass('text-align-left'); } if($("#"+$id).data('ad-fallback-element') == 'featured_leaderboard') { addLeaderBoardClass(); } if($("#"+$id).hasClass('sidebarads') && $("#" + $id).parents('.post-body').length > 0 ) { $(".article-lhs").addClass('col-md-2').removeClass('col-md-3'); $(".article-rhs").addClass('col-md-4').removeClass('col-md-3'); if(deviceType!='mobile') $(".pst-side-bar-rhs").css('padding-left','10px') } if(googletag.renderedads['count']['complete'] >= googletag.renderedads['count']['total']) render_featured_sections(); }); } </script>  <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? 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src='https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/js/jsso.oauth.js?mod=2591'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://jssocdn.indiatimes.com/crosswalk/profilewidget_23/index.main.css"> <div id="data-container"><div class="inner-hero-banner pt-24 pb-24"> <div class="container-fluid"> <ul class="breadcrumb-style2"> <li><a href="/courses" >Home</a></li> <li><a href="/courses/all" >Course List</a></li> <li>Intermediate C++ Skills: Master Pointers, Structures and File Stream</li> </ul> <div class="banner_text"> <h1 class="mt-4">Intermediate C++ Skills: Master Pointers, Structures and File Stream</h1> <p>Advance your C++ skills with our intermediate course focused on pointers, structures, and file streams. Unlock the potential to create robust applications and enhance your programming expertise in a few short hours!</p> <h6 class="mt-3 size-15 mb-4 hide">Create by Metla Sudha Sekhar</h6> <div class="badge_column mb-2"><a href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/courses/tags/c-pointers"><span>C++ pointers</span></a><a href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/courses/tags/structures-in-c"><span>structures in C++</span></a><a href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/courses/tags/intermediate-c-programming"><span>intermediate C++ programming</span></a><a href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/courses/tags/c-practical-applications"><span>C++ practical applications</span></a><a href="https://growfast.indiatimes.com/courses/tags/file-pointers-in-c"><span>file pointers in C++</span></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recorded-description"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 pt-24"> <div id="partner_info_widget" class="mb-4"> </div> <div class="created-by hidden"> <div class="created-by__col image-left"> <div class="image"> <img src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" loading="lazy" class="lazy" data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-100,height-100,resize_mode-3/retail_files/expert_picture_1723545629_1723545629_26628.jpg"> </div> <div class="caption"> <h6 class="size-16">Expert</h6> <span class="size-14">Metla Sudha Sekhar</span> </div> </div> <div class="created-by__col"> <h6 class="size-16">Categories</h6> <span class="size-14">Web Development</span> </div> </div>  <section class="jumpnavigation" id="jumpnavWrapper"> <div class="secondary-navigation fadeInUp" id="secondaryNavigation"> <div class="nav-wrapper"> <a href="#overview">About</a> <a href="#Curriculum">Curriculum</a> <a href="#outcome" class="hide">Outcomes</a> </div> </div> <div id="scrollWrapper">  <div id="overview" class="pt-24 pb-24" > <h4 class="secondery_heading">Course Description</h4> <div class="content_sec hide_sec"> <p>Welcome to "Intermediate C++ Skills: Master Pointers, Structures, and File Stream" an immersive course designed to elevate your C++ programming skills. This program is perfect for those ready to move beyond the basics and tackle essential intermediate concepts, such as pointers, structures, and file handling.<br /> <br /> In this course, you will engage in practical, hands-on exercises that make learning C++ both effective and enjoyable. You’ll discover how to set up your local development environment and harness the power of C++ to build real-world applications. With guidance from expert instructor Sekhar Metla, you will simplify complex topics and gain practical insights through interactive examples.<br /> <br /> By the end of the course, you will have a strong command of intermediate C++ concepts and the confidence to apply them in various programming projects, from application development to data management.</p> </div> <div class="action"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="read-more"> Read More <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M12 0c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12s5.373 12 12 12 12-5.373 12-12-5.373-12-12-12zm6 13h-5v5h-2v-5h-5v-2h5v-5h2v5h5v2z"/> </svg> </a> </div> <h4 class="mt-3 secondery_heading">What you'll learn</h4> <ul><li>Master the use of pointers for optimized application performance.</li><li>Understand how to define and work with structures and file streams.</li><li>Develop proficiency in using arrays and managing dynamic memory.</li><li>Handle string operations and utilize smart pointers for better resource management.</li><li>Process documents using CSV files with the built-in filestream library.</li><li>Strengthen your logical thinking through structured programming techniques.</li><li>Set up a personalized C++ coding environment to enhance your learning.</li><li>Explore the evolving landscape of C++ programming and its diverse applications.</li></ul> <h4 class="mt-5 secondery_heading">Who Should Enrol</h4> <ul><li>Intermediate-level C++ programmers looking to deepen their knowledge.</li><li>Anyone interested in learning practical C++ concepts through real-world examples.</li><li>Aspiring software developers aiming to become proficient in C++.</li><li>Individuals seeking to transition into independent programming roles.</li></ul> <h4 class="mt-5 secondery_heading">Requirement</h4> <ul><li>No prior programming experience required; all you need is a computer.</li><li>All software used in this course is available for free.</li><li>Basic familiarity with C++ is helpful but not essential.</li></ul> </div>   <div id="Curriculum" class="pt-4 pb-24"> <h4 class="secondery_heading"> Course Curriculum </h4> <div class="cirruculam-wrapper list-view feature-courses vertical-course-card frequently-question"> <ul class="accordion-list mt-4"> <li class=""> <div class="content_wrapper"> <h3 class=""><i class="ph ph-caret-down"></i> Getting Started <span class="right_content">9 lectures </span> </h3> </div> <div class="answer" style="display:none"> <ul> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3488_video_thumb_1729167688_27080.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Introduction" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg 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load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3488_video_thumb_1729227495_87641.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="How to ask great questions" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">How to ask great questions</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 58 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3488_video_thumb_1729227573_23804.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="FAQ’s" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 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24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Creating structure</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 18 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245031_67501.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Initializing 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class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 04 minutes 27 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245295_29665.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Comparing structure and class" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Comparing structure and class</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 02 minutes 52 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245416_40926.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Working with methods" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Working with methods</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 06 minutes 11 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245665_78104.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Structures and functions" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Structures and functions</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 08 minutes 17 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245823_62447.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Pointers to structures" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Pointers to structures</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 05 minutes 35 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245902_53727.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Creating enumerations" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Creating enumerations</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 20 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729245965_26781.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Strongly typed enumerations" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Strongly typed enumerations</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 04 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3493_video_thumb_1729246023_90067.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Default enumerations" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Default enumerations</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 08 minutes 17 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class=""> <div class="content_wrapper"> <h3 class=""><i class="ph ph-caret-down"></i> C++ Text Files and Streams <span class="right_content">8 lectures </span> </h3> </div> <div class="answer" style="display:none"> <ul> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729246537_24456.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Introduction" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Introduction</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 46 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729246630_25453.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="What are streams" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">What are streams</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 03 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729246929_78124.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Creating to streams" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Creating to streams</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 06 minutes 24 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729247060_13974.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Reading from streams" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Reading from streams</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 54 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729247131_51766.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Writing to text files" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Writing to text files</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 04 minutes 24 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729247238_75909.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Reading from text files" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Reading from text files</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 35 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729247362_32777.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="String stream" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">String stream</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 08 minutes 17 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3494_video_thumb_1729247408_35470.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Converting values to strings" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Converting values to strings</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 03 minutes 46 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class=""> <div class="content_wrapper"> <h3 class=""><i class="ph ph-caret-down"></i> C++ Binary and .CSV files <span class="right_content">4 lectures </span> </h3> </div> <div class="answer" style="display:none"> <ul> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3495_video_thumb_1729247546_45165.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Writing to binary file" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Writing to binary file</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 09 minutes 50 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li class="according_listing"> <div class="singleBox card p-2 sign-up-btn"> <div class="image position-relative"> <a href="Javascript:void(0)" class="sk-thumbnail" tabindex="0"> <img loading='lazy' data-original="https://img.etb2bimg.com/imgv2/width-207,height-103,resize_mode-1/retail_files/3495_video_thumb_1729247599_94560.jpg" class="img-fluid lazy" data-label="No Image" src="https://tl-st.etb2bimg.com/Themes/Release/images/blank.png" alt="Reading from binary file" > <span class="play-icon"> <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="24" height="24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" class="mc-icon mc-icon--md mc-mr-3"> <path d="M7.791 2.695a1.25 1.25 0 0 0-1.92 1.055v17.5a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 1.92 1.055l13.75-8.75a1.25 1.25 0 0 0 0-2.11l-13.75-8.75Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <div class="singleBox__caption"> <h6><a href="Javascript:void(0)" tabindex="0">Reading from binary file</a></h6> <div class="quick-info"> <div class="quick-info__box"> <span class="sprite icon_number"></span> 09 minutes 58 seconds </div>  </div> <div class="content-module load_content "> </div> </div> </li> <li 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Learn Intermediate C++: Pointers, Structures & File Handling | growfast