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learning</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork">Collaboration and teamwork</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes">Workflows and processes</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Job_interviews">Succeeding in job interviews</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core">Core modules</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content">Structuring content with HTML</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax">Basic HTML syntax</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata">What's in the head? Webpage metadata</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs in HTML</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance">Emphasis and importance</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists">Lists</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents">Structuring documents</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features">Advanced text features</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links">Creating links</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter">Challenge: Marking up a letter</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content">Challenge: Structuring a page of content</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_images">HTML images</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_video_and_audio">HTML video and audio</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Mozilla_splash_page">Challenge: Mozilla splash page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_table_basics">HTML table basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Table_accessibility">HTML table accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Planet_data_table">Challenge: Structuring a planet data table</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_forms">Forms and buttons in HTML</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Debugging_HTML">Debugging HTML</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics">CSS styling basics</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS">What is CSS?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Getting_started">Getting started with CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Styling_a_bio_page">Challenge: Styling a biography page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors">Basic CSS selectors</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Attribute_selectors">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements">Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators">Combinators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model">The box model</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Handling_conflicts">Handling conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units">CSS values and units</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Sizing">Sizing items in CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Backgrounds_and_borders">Backgrounds and borders</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Overflow">Overflowing content</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Images_media_forms">Images, media, and form elements</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Tables">Styling tables</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Debugging_CSS">Debugging CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension">Challenge: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fancy_letterheaded_paper">Challenge: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Cool-looking_box">Challenge: A cool-looking box</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling">CSS text styling</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists">Styling lists</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links">Styling links</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts">Web fonts</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage">Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout">CSS layout</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li><li><em><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats" aria-current="page">Floats</a></em></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning">Positioning</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Flexbox">Flexbox</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Grids">CSS grid layout</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design">Responsive design</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Media_queries">Media query fundamentals</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension">Challenge: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting">Dynamic scripting with JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_is_JavaScript">What is JavaScript?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/A_first_splash">A first splash into JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_went_wrong">What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Variables">Storing the information you need — Variables</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Math">Basic math in JavaScript — numbers and operators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Strings">Handling text — strings in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Useful_string_methods">Useful string methods</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Arrays">Arrays</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Silly_story_generator">Challenge: Silly story generator</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Conditionals">Making decisions in your code — conditionals</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Loops">Looping code</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Functions">Functions — reusable blocks of code</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Build_your_own_function">Build your own function</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Return_values">Function return values</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Events">Introduction to events</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Event_bubbling">Event bubbling</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Image_gallery">Challenge: Image gallery</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Object_basics">JavaScript object basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/DOM_scripting">DOM scripting introduction</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Network_requests">Making network requests with JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/JSON">Working with JSON</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Debugging_JavaScript">Debugging JavaScript and handling errors</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries">JavaScript frameworks and libraries</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Introduction">Introduction to client-side frameworks</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Main_features">Framework main features</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_getting_started">Getting started with React</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_todo_list_beginning">Beginning our React todo list</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_components">Componentizing our React app</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_events_state">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_accessibility">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_resources">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility">What is accessibility?</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Tooling">Accessibility tooling and assistive technology</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/HTML">HTML: A good basis for accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript">CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics">WAI-ARIA basics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Multimedia">Accessible multimedia</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Mobile">Mobile accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting">Challenge: Accessibility troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Design_for_developers">Design for developers</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control">Version control</a></li><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions">Extension modules</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects">Advanced JavaScript objects</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes">Object prototypes</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming">Object-oriented programming</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript">Classes in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice">Object building practice</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features">Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs">Client-side web APIs</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Introduction">Introduction to web APIs</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs">Video and Audio APIs</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Drawing_graphics">Drawing graphics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Client-side_storage">Client-side storage</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Third_party_APIs">Third-party APIs</a></li></ol></details></li><li 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href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/development_environment">Setting up a Django development environment</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website">Django Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Models">Django Tutorial Part 3: Using models</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Admin_site">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Home_page">Django Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Generic_views">Django Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Sessions">Django Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Authentication">Django Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Forms">Django Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Testing">Django Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Deployment">Django Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/web_application_security">Django web application security</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog">Assessment: DIY Django mini blog</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs">Express web framework (Node.js)</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction">Express/Node introduction</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment">Setting up a Node development environment</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website">Express Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website">Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a 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href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/CSS">CSS performance optimization</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/business_case_for_performance">The business case for web performance</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing">Testing</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Introduction">Introduction to cross-browser testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Testing_strategies">Strategies for carrying out testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/HTML_and_CSS">Handling common HTML and CSS problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Feature_detection">Implementing feature detection</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Automated_testing">Introduction to automated testing</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Your_own_automation_environment">Setting up your own test automation environment</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Transform_animate">Transform and animate CSS</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Security_privacy">Security and privacy</a></li><li class="section">Further resources</li><li class="toggle"><details><summary><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto">How to solve common problems</a></summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_HTML_problems">Solve common HTML problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_CSS_problems">Solve common CSS problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems">Solve common JavaScript problems</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics">Web mechanics</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup">Tools and setup</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility">Design and accessibility</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/About">About</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators">Resources for educators</a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog">Changelog</a></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#the_background_of_floats">The background of floats</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#a_float_example">A float example</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#clearing_floats">Clearing floats</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float">Clearing boxes wrapped around a float</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#test_your_skills!">Test your skills!</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#summary">Summary</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="en-US"><header><h1>Floats</h1></header><div class="section-content"><ul class="prev-next"><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction"><span class="button-wrap"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout"><span class="button-wrap"> Overview: CSS layout</span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning"><span class="button-wrap"> Next </span></a></li></ul> <p>Originally for floating images inside blocks of text, the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float"><code>float</code></a> property became one of the most commonly used tools for creating multiple column layouts on webpages. With the advent of flexbox and grid it's now returned to its original purpose, as this article explains.</p> <figure class="table-container"><table> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Prerequisites:</th> <td> <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content">Structuring content with HTML</a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics">CSS Styling basics</a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals">Fundamental text and font styling</a>, familiarity with <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction">CSS layout fundamental concepts</a>. </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Learning outcomes:</th> <td> <ul> <li>Understand the purpose of floats — for floating images inside columns of text, and other techniques like drop caps and floating inset information boxes.</li> <li>Understand that floats used to be used for multiple-column layouts, but this is no longer the case now better tools are available.</li> <li>Using the <code>float</code> property to create floats.</li> <li>Clearing floats using <code>clear</code>, and the <code>display: flow-root</code> value.</li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure></div><section aria-labelledby="the_background_of_floats"><h2 id="the_background_of_floats"><a href="#the_background_of_floats">The background of floats</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float"><code>float</code></a> property was introduced to allow web developers to implement layouts involving an image floating inside a column of text, with the text wrapping around the left or right of it. The kind of thing you might get in a newspaper layout.</p> <p>But web developers quickly realized that you can float anything, not just images, so the use of float broadened, for example, to fun layout effects such as <a href="https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/drop-caps/" class="external" target="_blank">drop-caps</a>.</p> <p>Floats have commonly been used to create entire website layouts featuring multiple columns of information floated so they sit alongside one another (the default behavior would be for the columns to sit below one another in the same order as they appear in the source). There are newer, better layout techniques available. Using floats in this way should be regarded as a legacy technique.</p> <p>In this article we'll just concentrate on the proper uses of floats.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="a_float_example"><h2 id="a_float_example"><a href="#a_float_example">A float example</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Let's explore the use of floats. We'll start with an example involving floating a block of text around an element. You can follow along by creating a new <code>index.html</code> file on your computer, filling it with an <a href="https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/blob/main/html/introduction-to-html/getting-started/index.html" class="external" target="_blank">HTML template</a>, and inserting the below code into it at the appropriate places. At the bottom of the section, you can see a live example of what the final code should look like.</p> <p>First, we'll start off with some HTML. Add the following to your HTML body, removing anything that was inside there before:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><h1>Float example</h1> <div class="box">Float</div> <p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> <p> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <p>Now apply the following CSS to your HTML (using a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/style"><code><style></code></a> element or a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link"><code><link></code></a> to a separate <code>.css</code> file — your choice):</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: 0.9em/1.2 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .box { width: 150px; height: 100px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; } </code></pre></div> <p>If you save and refresh, you'll see something much like what you'd expect: the box is sitting above the text, in normal flow.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="floating_the_box"><h3 id="floating_the_box"><a href="#floating_the_box">Floating the box</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>To float the box, add the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float"><code>float</code></a> and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right"><code>margin-right</code></a> properties to the <code>.box</code> rule:</p> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden notranslate"><code><h1>Float example</h1> <div class="box">Float</div> <p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> <p> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>.box { float: left; margin-right: 15px; width: 150px; height: 100px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; } </code></pre></div> <p>Now if you save and refresh you'll see something like the following:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="Floating the box sample" id="frame_floating_the_box" width="100%" height="500" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/" data-live-id="floating_the_box" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div> <p>Let's think about how the float works. The element with the float set on it (the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/div"><code><div></code></a> element in this case) is taken out of the normal layout flow of the document and stuck to the left-hand side of its parent container (<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body"><code><body></code></a>, in this case). Any content that would come below the floated element in the normal layout flow will now wrap around it instead, filling up the space to the right-hand side of it as far up as the top of the floated element. There, it will stop.</p> <p>Floating the content to the right has exactly the same effect, but in reverse: the floated element will stick to the right, and the content will wrap around it to the left. Try changing the float value to <code>right</code> and replace <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right"><code>margin-right</code></a> with <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-left"><code>margin-left</code></a> in the last ruleset to see what the result is.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="visualizing_the_float"><h3 id="visualizing_the_float"><a href="#visualizing_the_float">Visualizing the float</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>While we can add a margin to the float to push the text away, we can't add a margin to the text to move it away from the float. This is because a floated element is taken out of normal flow and the boxes of the following items actually run behind the float. You can see this by making some changes to your example.</p> <p>Add a class of <code>special</code> to the first paragraph of text, the one immediately following the floated box, then in your CSS add the following rules. These will give our following paragraph a background color.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>.special { background-color: rgb(148 255 172); padding: 10px; color: purple; } </code></pre></div> <p>To make the effect easier to see, change the <code>margin-right</code> on your float to <code>margin</code> so you get space all around the float. You'll be able to see the background on the paragraph running right underneath the floated box, as in the example below.</p> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden notranslate"><code><h1>Float example</h1> <div class="box">Float</div> <p class="special"> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> <p> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css hidden notranslate"><code>body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: 0.9em/1.2 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .box { float: left; margin: 15px; width: 150px; height: 150px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="Visualizing the float sample" id="frame_visualizing_the_float" width="100%" height="500" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/" data-live-id="visualizing_the_float" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div> <p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Visual_formatting_model#line_boxes">line boxes</a> of our following element have been shortened so the text runs around the float, but due to the float being removed from normal flow the box around the paragraph still remains full width.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="clearing_floats"><h2 id="clearing_floats"><a href="#clearing_floats">Clearing floats</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>We've seen that a float is removed from normal flow and that other elements will display beside it. If we want to stop the following element from moving up, we need to <em>clear</em> it; this is achieved with the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clear"><code>clear</code></a> property.</p> <p>In your HTML from the previous example, add a class of <code>cleared</code> to the second paragraph below the floated item. Then add the following to your CSS:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>.cleared { clear: left; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden notranslate"><code><h1>Float example</h1> <div class="box">Float</div> <p class="special"> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> <p class="cleared"> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css hidden notranslate"><code>body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: 0.9em/1.2 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .box { float: left; margin: 15px; width: 150px; height: 150px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; } .special { background-color: rgb(148 255 172); padding: 10px; color: purple; } .cleared { clear: left; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="Clearing floats sample" id="frame_clearing_floats" width="100%" height="600" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/" data-live-id="clearing_floats" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div> <p>You should see that the second paragraph now clears the floated element and no longer comes up alongside it. The <code>clear</code> property accepts the following values:</p> <ul> <li><code>left</code>: Clear items floated to the left.</li> <li><code>right</code>: Clear items floated to the right.</li> <li><code>both</code>: Clear any floated items, left or right.</li> </ul></div></section><section aria-labelledby="clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float"><h2 id="clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float"><a href="#clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float">Clearing boxes wrapped around a float</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>You now know how to clear something following a floated element, but let's see what happens if you have a tall float and a short paragraph, with a box wrapped around <em>both</em> elements.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="the_problem"><h3 id="the_problem"><a href="#the_problem">The problem</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>Change your document so that the first paragraph and the floated box are jointly wrapped with a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/div"><code><div></code></a>, which has a class of <code>wrapper</code>.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___the_problem notranslate"><code><div class="wrapper"> <div class="box">Float1</div> <p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> </div> </code></pre></div> <p>In your CSS, add the following rule for the <code>.wrapper</code> class and then reload the page:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___the_problem notranslate"><code>.wrapper { background-color: rgb(148 255 172); padding: 10px; color: purple; } </code></pre></div> <p>In addition, remove the original <code>.cleared</code> class:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>.cleared { clear: left; } </code></pre></div> <p>You'll see that, just like in the example where we put a background color on the paragraph, the background color runs behind the float.</p> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden live-sample___the_problem notranslate"><code><p> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css hidden live-sample___the_problem notranslate"><code>body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: 0.9em/1.2 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .box { float: left; margin: 15px; width: 150px; height: 150px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; color: black; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="the problem sample" id="frame_the_problem" width="100%" height="600" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/" data-live-id="the_problem" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div> <p>Once again, this is because the float has been taken out of normal flow. You might expect that by wrapping the floated box and the text of first paragraph that wraps around the float together, the subsequent content will be cleared of the box. But this is not the case.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="display_flow-root"><h3 id="display_flow-root"><a href="#display_flow-root">display: flow-root</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>To solve this problem is to use the value <code>flow-root</code> of the <code>display</code> property. This exists only to solve this particular problem without using hacks — there will be no unintended consequences when you use it.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>.wrapper { background-color: rgb(148 255 172); padding: 10px; color: purple; display: flow-root; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden notranslate"><code><h1>Float example</h1> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="box">Float</div> <p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet. </p> </div> <p class="cleared"> Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien. </p> <p> Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. </p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css hidden notranslate"><code>body { width: 90%; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; font: 0.9em/1.2 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .box { float: left; margin: 15px; width: 150px; height: 150px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(207 232 220); padding: 1em; color: black; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="display flow-root sample" id="frame_display_flow-root" width="100%" height="600" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/" data-live-id="display_flow-root" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="test_your_skills!"><h2 id="test_your_skills!"><a href="#test_your_skills!">Test your skills!</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>You've reached the end of this article, but can you remember the most important information? You can find some further tests to verify that you've retained this information before you move on — see <a href="/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats_skills">Test your skills: Floats</a>.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="summary"><h2 id="summary"><a href="#summary">Summary</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>That's all you need to know about floats. 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Content available under <a href="/en-US/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Attrib_copyright_license">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p></div></div></footer></div><script type="application/json" id="hydration">{"url":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats","doc":{"body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Overview: CSS layout</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Next </span></a></li></ul>\n<p>Originally for floating images inside blocks of text, the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float\"><code>float</code></a> property became one of the most commonly used tools for creating multiple column layouts on webpages. With the advent of flexbox and grid it's now returned to its original purpose, as this article explains.</p>\n<figure class=\"table-container\"><table>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Prerequisites:</th>\n <td>\n <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content\">Structuring content with HTML</a>,\n <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\">CSS Styling basics</a>,\n <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals\">Fundamental text and font styling</a>,\n familiarity with <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\">CSS layout fundamental concepts</a>.\n </td>\n </tr>\n \n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Learning outcomes:</th>\n <td>\n <ul>\n <li>Understand the purpose of floats — for floating images inside columns of text, and other techniques like drop caps and floating inset information boxes.</li>\n <li>Understand that floats used to be used for multiple-column layouts, but this is no longer the case now better tools are available.</li>\n <li>Using the <code>float</code> property to create floats.</li>\n <li>Clearing floats using <code>clear</code>, and the <code>display: flow-root</code> value.</li>\n </ul>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table></figure>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"the_background_of_floats","title":"The background of floats","isH3":false,"content":"<p>The <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float\"><code>float</code></a> property was introduced to allow web developers to implement layouts involving an image floating inside a column of text, with the text wrapping around the left or right of it. The kind of thing you might get in a newspaper layout.</p>\n<p>But web developers quickly realized that you can float anything, not just images, so the use of float broadened, for example, to fun layout effects such as <a href=\"https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/drop-caps/\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">drop-caps</a>.</p>\n<p>Floats have commonly been used to create entire website layouts featuring multiple columns of information floated so they sit alongside one another (the default behavior would be for the columns to sit below one another in the same order as they appear in the source). There are newer, better layout techniques available. Using floats in this way should be regarded as a legacy technique.</p>\n<p>In this article we'll just concentrate on the proper uses of floats.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"a_float_example","title":"A float example","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Let's explore the use of floats. We'll start with an example involving floating a block of text around an element. You can follow along by creating a new <code>index.html</code> file on your computer, filling it with an <a href=\"https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/blob/main/html/introduction-to-html/getting-started/index.html\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">HTML template</a>, and inserting the below code into it at the appropriate places. At the bottom of the section, you can see a live example of what the final code should look like.</p>\n<p>First, we'll start off with some HTML. Add the following to your HTML body, removing anything that was inside there before:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><h1>Float example</h1>\n\n<div class=\"box\">Float</div>\n\n<p>\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam\n dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus\n ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus\n laoreet sit amet.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Now apply the following CSS to your HTML (using a <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/style\"><code><style></code></a> element or a <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/link\"><code><link></code></a> to a separate <code>.css</code> file — your choice):</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 90%;\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n font:\n 0.9em/1.2 Arial,\n Helvetica,\n sans-serif;\n}\n\n.box {\n width: 150px;\n height: 100px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>If you save and refresh, you'll see something much like what you'd expect: the box is sitting above the text, in normal flow.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"floating_the_box","title":"Floating the box","isH3":true,"content":"<p>To float the box, add the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float\"><code>float</code></a> and <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right\"><code>margin-right</code></a> properties to the <code>.box</code> rule:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden notranslate\"><code><h1>Float example</h1>\n\n<div class=\"box\">Float</div>\n\n<p>\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam\n dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus\n ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus\n laoreet sit amet.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>.box {\n float: left;\n margin-right: 15px;\n width: 150px;\n height: 100px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Now if you save and refresh you'll see something like the following:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"Floating the box sample\" id=\"frame_floating_the_box\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/\" data-live-id=\"floating_the_box\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>\n<p>Let's think about how the float works. The element with the float set on it (the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/div\"><code><div></code></a> element in this case) is taken out of the normal layout flow of the document and stuck to the left-hand side of its parent container (<a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/body\"><code><body></code></a>, in this case). Any content that would come below the floated element in the normal layout flow will now wrap around it instead, filling up the space to the right-hand side of it as far up as the top of the floated element. There, it will stop.</p>\n<p>Floating the content to the right has exactly the same effect, but in reverse: the floated element will stick to the right, and the content will wrap around it to the left. Try changing the float value to <code>right</code> and replace <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right\"><code>margin-right</code></a> with <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-left\"><code>margin-left</code></a> in the last ruleset to see what the result is.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"visualizing_the_float","title":"Visualizing the float","isH3":true,"content":"<p>While we can add a margin to the float to push the text away, we can't add a margin to the text to move it away from the float. This is because a floated element is taken out of normal flow and the boxes of the following items actually run behind the float. You can see this by making some changes to your example.</p>\n<p>Add a class of <code>special</code> to the first paragraph of text, the one immediately following the floated box, then in your CSS add the following rules. These will give our following paragraph a background color.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>.special {\n background-color: rgb(148 255 172);\n padding: 10px;\n color: purple;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>To make the effect easier to see, change the <code>margin-right</code> on your float to <code>margin</code> so you get space all around the float. You'll be able to see the background on the paragraph running right underneath the floated box, as in the example below.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden notranslate\"><code><h1>Float example</h1>\n\n<div class=\"box\">Float</div>\n\n<p class=\"special\">\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam\n dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus\n ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus\n laoreet sit amet.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css hidden notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 90%;\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n font:\n 0.9em/1.2 Arial,\n Helvetica,\n sans-serif;\n}\n\n.box {\n float: left;\n margin: 15px;\n width: 150px;\n height: 150px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"Visualizing the float sample\" id=\"frame_visualizing_the_float\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/\" data-live-id=\"visualizing_the_float\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>\n<p>The <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Visual_formatting_model#line_boxes\">line boxes</a> of our following element have been shortened so the text runs around the float, but due to the float being removed from normal flow the box around the paragraph still remains full width.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"clearing_floats","title":"Clearing floats","isH3":false,"content":"<p>We've seen that a float is removed from normal flow and that other elements will display beside it. If we want to stop the following element from moving up, we need to <em>clear</em> it; this is achieved with the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clear\"><code>clear</code></a> property.</p>\n<p>In your HTML from the previous example, add a class of <code>cleared</code> to the second paragraph below the floated item. Then add the following to your CSS:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>.cleared {\n clear: left;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden notranslate\"><code><h1>Float example</h1>\n\n<div class=\"box\">Float</div>\n\n<p class=\"special\">\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus aliquam\n dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci, pulvinar id metus\n ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at ultricies tellus\n laoreet sit amet.\n</p>\n\n<p class=\"cleared\">\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css hidden notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 90%;\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n font:\n 0.9em/1.2 Arial,\n Helvetica,\n sans-serif;\n}\n\n.box {\n float: left;\n margin: 15px;\n width: 150px;\n height: 150px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n}\n\n.special {\n background-color: rgb(148 255 172);\n padding: 10px;\n color: purple;\n}\n\n.cleared {\n clear: left;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"Clearing floats sample\" id=\"frame_clearing_floats\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/\" data-live-id=\"clearing_floats\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>\n<p>You should see that the second paragraph now clears the floated element and no longer comes up alongside it. The <code>clear</code> property accepts the following values:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>left</code>: Clear items floated to the left.</li>\n<li><code>right</code>: Clear items floated to the right.</li>\n<li><code>both</code>: Clear any floated items, left or right.</li>\n</ul>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float","title":"Clearing boxes wrapped around a float","isH3":false,"content":"<p>You now know how to clear something following a floated element, but let's see what happens if you have a tall float and a short paragraph, with a box wrapped around <em>both</em> elements.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"the_problem","title":"The problem","isH3":true,"content":"<p>Change your document so that the first paragraph and the floated box are jointly wrapped with a <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/div\"><code><div></code></a>, which has a class of <code>wrapper</code>.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___the_problem notranslate\"><code><div class=\"wrapper\">\n <div class=\"box\">Float1</div>\n\n <p>\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus\n aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci,\n pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at\n ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet.\n </p>\n</div>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>In your CSS, add the following rule for the <code>.wrapper</code> class and then reload the page:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___the_problem notranslate\"><code>.wrapper {\n background-color: rgb(148 255 172);\n padding: 10px;\n color: purple;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>In addition, remove the original <code>.cleared</code> class:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>.cleared {\n clear: left;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>You'll see that, just like in the example where we put a background color on the paragraph, the background color runs behind the float.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden live-sample___the_problem notranslate\"><code><p>\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css hidden live-sample___the_problem notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 90%;\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n font:\n 0.9em/1.2 Arial,\n Helvetica,\n sans-serif;\n}\n\n.box {\n float: left;\n margin: 15px;\n width: 150px;\n height: 150px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n color: black;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"the problem sample\" id=\"frame_the_problem\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/\" data-live-id=\"the_problem\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>\n<p>Once again, this is because the float has been taken out of normal flow. You might expect that by wrapping the floated box and the text of first paragraph that wraps around the float together, the subsequent content will be cleared of the box. But this is not the case.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"display_flow-root","title":"display: flow-root","isH3":true,"content":"<p>To solve this problem is to use the value <code>flow-root</code> of the <code>display</code> property. This exists only to solve this particular problem without using hacks — there will be no unintended consequences when you use it.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>.wrapper {\n background-color: rgb(148 255 172);\n padding: 10px;\n color: purple;\n display: flow-root;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden notranslate\"><code><h1>Float example</h1>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n <div class=\"box\">Float</div>\n\n <p>\n Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla luctus\n aliquam dolor, eu lacinia lorem placerat vulputate. Duis felis orci,\n pulvinar id metus ut, rutrum luctus orci. Cras porttitor imperdiet nunc, at\n ultricies tellus laoreet sit amet.\n </p>\n</div>\n<p class=\"cleared\">\n Sed auctor cursus massa at porta. Integer ligula ipsum, tristique sit amet\n orci vel, viverra egestas ligula. Curabitur vehicula tellus neque, ac ornare\n ex malesuada et. In vitae convallis lacus. Aliquam erat volutpat. Suspendisse\n ac imperdiet turpis. Aenean finibus sollicitudin eros pharetra congue. Duis\n ornare egestas augue ut luctus. Proin blandit quam nec lacus varius commodo et\n a urna. Ut id ornare felis, eget fermentum sapien.\n</p>\n\n<p>\n Nam vulputate diam nec tempor bibendum. Donec luctus augue eget malesuada\n ultrices. Phasellus turpis est, posuere sit amet dapibus ut, facilisis sed\n est. Nam id risus quis ante semper consectetur eget aliquam lorem. Vivamus\n tristique elit dolor, sed pretium metus suscipit vel. Mauris ultricies lectus\n sed lobortis finibus. Vivamus eu urna eget velit cursus viverra quis\n vestibulum sem. Aliquam tincidunt eget purus in interdum. Cum sociis natoque\n penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.\n</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css hidden notranslate\"><code>body {\n width: 90%;\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n font:\n 0.9em/1.2 Arial,\n Helvetica,\n sans-serif;\n}\n\n.box {\n float: left;\n margin: 15px;\n width: 150px;\n height: 150px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n background-color: rgb(207 232 220);\n padding: 1em;\n color: black;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"display flow-root sample\" id=\"frame_display_flow-root\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats/\" data-live-id=\"display_flow-root\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"test_your_skills!","title":"Test your skills!","isH3":false,"content":"<p>You've reached the end of this article, but can you remember the most important information? You can find some further tests to verify that you've retained this information before you move on — see <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats_skills\">Test your skills: Floats</a>.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"summary","title":"Summary","isH3":false,"content":"<p>That's all you need to know about floats. Next up, we'll explore positioning in detail.</p>\n<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Previous </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Overview: CSS layout</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Next </span></a></li></ul>"}}],"isActive":true,"isMarkdown":true,"isTranslated":false,"locale":"en-US","mdn_url":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats","modified":"2024-12-19T15:37:45.000Z","native":"English (US)","noIndexing":false,"other_translations":[{"locale":"de","title":"Floats","native":"Deutsch"},{"locale":"es","title":"Floats","native":"Español"},{"locale":"fr","title":"Les boîtes flottantes","native":"Français"},{"locale":"ja","title":"浮動ボックス","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"Floats","native":"한국어"},{"locale":"ru","title":"Float","native":"Русский"},{"locale":"zh-CN","title":"浮动","native":"中文 (简体)"}],"pageTitle":"Floats - Learn web development | MDN","parents":[{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development","title":"Learn"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core","title":"Core learning modules"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout","title":"CSS layout"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats","title":"Floats"}],"popularity":null,"short_title":"Floats","sidebarHTML":"<ol><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started\">Getting started modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup\">Environment setup</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software\">Installing basic software</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web\">Browsing the web</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors\">Code editors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files\">Dealing with files</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line\">Command line crash course</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website\">Your first website</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like\">What will your website look like?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content\">HTML: Creating the content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content\">CSS: Styling the content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity\">JavaScript: Adding interactivity</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website\">Publishing your website</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards\">Web standards</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works\">How the web works</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model\">The web standards model</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites\">How browsers load websites</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills\">Soft skills</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning\">Research and learning</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork\">Collaboration and teamwork</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes\">Workflows and processes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Job_interviews\">Succeeding in job interviews</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core\">Core modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content\">Structuring content with HTML</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax\">Basic HTML syntax</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata\">What's in the head? Webpage metadata</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs\">Headings and paragraphs in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance\">Emphasis and importance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists\">Lists</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents\">Structuring documents</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features\">Advanced text features</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links\">Creating links</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter\">Challenge: Marking up a letter</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content\">Challenge: Structuring a page of content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_images\">HTML images</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_video_and_audio\">HTML video and audio</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Mozilla_splash_page\">Challenge: Mozilla splash page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_table_basics\">HTML table basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Table_accessibility\">HTML table accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Planet_data_table\">Challenge: Structuring a planet data table</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_forms\">Forms and buttons in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Debugging_HTML\">Debugging HTML</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\">CSS styling basics</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS\">What is CSS?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Getting_started\">Getting started with CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Styling_a_bio_page\">Challenge: Styling a biography page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors\">Basic CSS selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Attribute_selectors\">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements\">Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators\">Combinators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model\">The box model</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Handling_conflicts\">Handling conflicts</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units\">CSS values and units</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Sizing\">Sizing items in CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Backgrounds_and_borders\">Backgrounds and borders</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Overflow\">Overflowing content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Images_media_forms\">Images, media, and form elements</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Tables\">Styling tables</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Debugging_CSS\">Debugging CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension\">Challenge: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fancy_letterheaded_paper\">Challenge: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Cool-looking_box\">Challenge: A cool-looking box</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling\">CSS text styling</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals\">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists\">Styling lists</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links\">Styling links</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts\">Web fonts</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage\">Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout\">CSS layout</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li><li><em><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats\" aria-current=\"page\">Floats</a></em></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning\">Positioning</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Flexbox\">Flexbox</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Grids\">CSS grid layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design\">Responsive design</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Media_queries\">Media query fundamentals</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension\">Challenge: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting\">Dynamic scripting with JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_is_JavaScript\">What is JavaScript?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/A_first_splash\">A first splash into JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_went_wrong\">What went wrong? Troubleshooting JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Variables\">Storing the information you need — Variables</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Math\">Basic math in JavaScript — numbers and operators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Strings\">Handling text — strings in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Useful_string_methods\">Useful string methods</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Arrays\">Arrays</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Silly_story_generator\">Challenge: Silly story generator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Conditionals\">Making decisions in your code — conditionals</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Loops\">Looping code</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Functions\">Functions — reusable blocks of code</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Build_your_own_function\">Build your own function</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Return_values\">Function return values</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Events\">Introduction to events</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Event_bubbling\">Event bubbling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Image_gallery\">Challenge: Image gallery</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Object_basics\">JavaScript object basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/DOM_scripting\">DOM scripting introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Network_requests\">Making network requests with JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/JSON\">Working with JSON</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Debugging_JavaScript\">Debugging JavaScript and handling errors</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries\">JavaScript frameworks and libraries</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Introduction\">Introduction to client-side frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Main_features\">Framework main features</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_getting_started\">Getting started with React</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_todo_list_beginning\">Beginning our React todo list</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_components\">Componentizing our React app</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_events_state\">React interactivity: Events and state</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering\">React interactivity: Editing, filtering, conditional rendering</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_accessibility\">Accessibility in React</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_resources\">React resources</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility\">Accessibility</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility\">What is accessibility?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Tooling\">Accessibility tooling and assistive technology</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/HTML\">HTML: A good basis for accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript\">CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics\">WAI-ARIA basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Multimedia\">Accessible multimedia</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Mobile\">Mobile accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting\">Challenge: Accessibility troubleshooting</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Design_for_developers\">Design for developers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control\">Version control</a></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions\">Extension modules</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects\">Advanced JavaScript objects</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes\">Object prototypes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming\">Object-oriented programming</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript\">Classes in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice\">Object building practice</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features\">Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs\">Client-side web APIs</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Introduction\">Introduction to web APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs\">Video and Audio APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Drawing_graphics\">Drawing graphics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Client-side_storage\">Client-side storage</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Third_party_APIs\">Third-party APIs</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS\">Asynchronous JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing\">Introducing asynchronous JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Promises\">How to use promises</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API\">How to implement a promise-based API</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing_workers\">Introducing workers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Sequencing_animations\">Challenge: Sequencing animations</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms\">Web forms</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Your_first_form\">Your first form</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form\">How to structure a web form</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls\">Basic native form controls</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/HTML5_input_types\">The HTML5 input types</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Other_form_controls\">Other form controls</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Styling_web_forms\">Styling web forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Advanced_form_styling\">Advanced form styling</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes\">UI pseudo-classes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Form_validation\">Client-side form validation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data\">Sending form data</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools\">Understanding client-side tools</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Overview\">Client-side tooling overview</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Package_management\">Package management basics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain\">Introducing a complete toolchain</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Deployment\">Deploying our app</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side\">Server-side websites</a></summary><ol><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps\">Server-side first steps</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction\">Introduction to the server side</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview\">Client-Server Overview</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks\">Server-side web frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security\">Website security</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django\">Django web framework (Python)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Introduction\">Django introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/development_environment\">Setting up a Django development environment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Django Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website\">Django Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Models\">Django Tutorial Part 3: Using models</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Admin_site\">Django Tutorial Part 4: Django admin site</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Home_page\">Django Tutorial Part 5: Creating our home page</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Generic_views\">Django Tutorial Part 6: Generic list and detail views</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Sessions\">Django Tutorial Part 7: Sessions framework</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Authentication\">Django Tutorial Part 8: User authentication and permissions</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Forms\">Django Tutorial Part 9: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Testing\">Django Tutorial Part 10: Testing a Django web application</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Deployment\">Django Tutorial Part 11: Deploying Django to production</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/web_application_security\">Django web application security</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog\">Assessment: DIY Django mini blog</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs\">Express web framework (Node.js)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction\">Express/Node introduction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment\">Setting up a Node development environment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Express Tutorial: The Local Library website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website\">Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose\">Express Tutorial Part 3: Using a Database (with Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes\">Express Tutorial Part 4: Routes and controllers</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data\">Express Tutorial Part 5: Displaying library data</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms\">Express Tutorial Part 6: Working with forms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment\">Express Tutorial Part 7: Deploying to production</a></li></ol></details></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance\">Web performance</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/why_web_performance\">The \"why\" of web performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/What_is_web_performance\">What is web performance?</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Perceived_performance\">Perceived performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Measuring_performance\">Measuring performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Multimedia\">Multimedia: Images</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/video\">Multimedia: video</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/JavaScript\">JavaScript performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/HTML\">HTML performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/CSS\">CSS performance optimization</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/business_case_for_performance\">The business case for web performance</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing\">Testing</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Introduction\">Introduction to cross-browser testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Testing_strategies\">Strategies for carrying out testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/HTML_and_CSS\">Handling common HTML and CSS problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Feature_detection\">Implementing feature detection</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Automated_testing\">Introduction to automated testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Your_own_automation_environment\">Setting up your own test automation environment</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Transform_animate\">Transform and animate CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Security_privacy\">Security and privacy</a></li><li class=\"section\">Further resources</li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto\">How to solve common problems</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_HTML_problems\">Solve common HTML problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_CSS_problems\">Solve common CSS problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems\">Solve common JavaScript problems</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics\">Web mechanics</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup\">Tools and setup</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility\">Design and accessibility</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/About\">About</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators\">Resources for educators</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog\">Changelog</a></li></ol>","source":{"folder":"en-us/learn_web_development/core/css_layout/floats","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/css_layout/floats/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/commit/5b20f5f4265f988f80f513db0e4b35c7e0cd70dc","filename":"index.md"},"summary":"Originally for floating images inside blocks of text, the float property became one of the most commonly used tools for creating multiple column layouts on webpages. With the advent of flexbox and grid it's now returned to its original purpose, as this article explains.","title":"Floats","toc":[{"text":"The background of floats","id":"the_background_of_floats"},{"text":"A float example","id":"a_float_example"},{"text":"Clearing floats","id":"clearing_floats"},{"text":"Clearing boxes wrapped around a float","id":"clearing_boxes_wrapped_around_a_float"},{"text":"Test your skills!","id":"test_your_skills!"},{"text":"Summary","id":"summary"}],"pageType":"learn-module-chapter"}}</script></body></html>