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assembly (FFA)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fresh fuel assembly (FFA)"> <meta name="keywords" content="fresh fuel assembly (FFA)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fresh fuel assembly (FFA)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3097</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fresh fuel assembly (FFA)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3097</span> Automated Buffer Box Assembly Cell Concept for the Canadian Used Fuel Packing Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrie%20Marinceu">Dimitrie Marinceu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20Murchison"> Alan Murchison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Canadian Used Fuel Container (UFC) is a mid-size hemispherical headed copper coated steel container measuring 2.5 meters in length and 0.5 meters in diameter containing 48 used fuel bundles. The contained used fuel produces significant gamma radiation requiring automated assembly processes to complete the assembly. The design throughput of 2,500 UFCs per year places constraints on equipment and hot cell design for repeatability, speed of processing, robustness and recovery from upset conditions. After UFC assembly, the UFC is inserted into a Buffer Box (BB). The BB is made from adequately pre-shaped blocks (lower and upper block) and Highly Compacted Bentonite (HCB) material. The blocks are practically ‘sandwiching’ the UFC between them after assembly. This paper identifies one possible approach for the BB automatic assembly cell and processes. Automation of the BB assembly will have a significant positive impact on nuclear safety, quality, productivity, and reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20fuel%20packing%20plant" title="used fuel packing plant">used fuel packing plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20assembly%20cell" title=" automatic assembly cell"> automatic assembly cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20fuel%20container" title=" used fuel container"> used fuel container</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20box" title=" buffer box"> buffer box</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20geological%20repository" title=" deep geological repository"> deep geological repository</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75488/automated-buffer-box-assembly-cell-concept-for-the-canadian-used-fuel-packing-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3096</span> Consideration of Failed Fuel Detector Location through Computational Flow Dynamics Analysis on Primary Cooling System Flow with Two Outlets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanghoon%20Bae">Sanghoon Bae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanju%20Cha"> Hanju Cha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Failed fuel detector (FFD) in research reactor is a very crucial instrument to detect the anomaly from failed fuels in the early stage around primary cooling system (PCS) outlet prior to the decay tank. FFD is considered as a mandatory sensor to ensure the integrity of fuel assemblies and mitigate the consequence from a failed fuel accident. For the effective function of FFD, the location of them should be determined by contemplating the effect from coolant flow around two outlets. For this, the analysis on computational flow dynamics (CFD) should be first performed how the coolant outlet flow including radioactive materials from failed fuels are mixed and discharged through the outlet plenum within certain seconds. The analysis result shows that the outlet flow is well mixed regardless of the position of failed fuel and ultimately illustrates the effect of detector location. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20flow%20dynamics%20%28CFD%29" title="computational flow dynamics (CFD)">computational flow dynamics (CFD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failed%20fuel%20detector%20%28FFD%29" title=" failed fuel detector (FFD)"> failed fuel detector (FFD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh%20fuel%20assembly%20%28FFA%29" title=" fresh fuel assembly (FFA)"> fresh fuel assembly (FFA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20fuel%20assembly%20%28SFA%29" title=" spent fuel assembly (SFA)"> spent fuel assembly (SFA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73722/consideration-of-failed-fuel-detector-location-through-computational-flow-dynamics-analysis-on-primary-cooling-system-flow-with-two-outlets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3095</span> Two-Dimensional Modeling of Spent Nuclear Fuel Using FLUENT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imane%20Khalil">Imane Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quinn%20Pratt"> Quinn Pratt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a nuclear reactor, an array of fuel rods containing stacked uranium dioxide pellets clad with zircalloy is the heat source for a thermodynamic cycle of energy conversion from heat to electricity. After fuel is used in a nuclear reactor, the assemblies are stored underwater in a spent nuclear fuel pool at the nuclear power plant while heat generation and radioactive decay rates decrease before it is placed in packages for dry storage or transportation. A computational model of a Boiling Water Reactor spent fuel assembly is modeled using FLUENT, the computational fluid dynamics package. Heat transfer simulations were performed on the two-dimensional 9x9 spent fuel assembly to predict the maximum cladding temperature for different input to the FLUENT model. Uncertainty quantification is used to predict the heat transfer and the maximum temperature profile inside the assembly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20nuclear%20fuel" title="spent nuclear fuel">spent nuclear fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conduction" title=" conduction"> conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20quantification" title=" uncertainty quantification"> uncertainty quantification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86958/two-dimensional-modeling-of-spent-nuclear-fuel-using-fluent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3094</span> Application of Robotics to Assemble a Used Fuel Container in the Canadian Used Fuel Packing Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrie%20Marinceu">Dimitrie Marinceu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The newest Canadian Used Fuel Container (UFC)- (called also “Mark II”) modifies the design approach for its Assembly Robotic Cell (ARC) in the Canadian Used (Nuclear) Fuel Packing Plant (UFPP). Some of the robotic design solutions are presented in this paper. The design indicates that robots and manipulators are expected to be used in the Canadian UFPP. As normally, the UFPP design will incorporate redundancy of all equipment to allow expedient recovery from any postulated upset conditions. Overall, this paper suggests that robot usage will have a significant positive impact on nuclear safety, quality, productivity, and reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20fuel%20packing%20plant" title="used fuel packing plant">used fuel packing plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20assembly%20cell" title=" robotic assembly cell"> robotic assembly cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=used%20fuel%20container" title=" used fuel container"> used fuel container</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20geological%20repository" title=" deep geological repository"> deep geological repository</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56119/application-of-robotics-to-assemble-a-used-fuel-container-in-the-canadian-used-fuel-packing-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3093</span> A CFD Analysis of Hydraulic Characteristics of the Rod Bundles in the BREST-OD-300 Wire-Spaced Fuel Assemblies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Fomichev">Dmitry V. Fomichev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20V.%20Solonin"> Vladimir V. Solonin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the findings from a numerical simulation of the flow in 37-rod fuel assembly models spaced by a double-wire trapezoidal wrapping as applied to the BREST-OD-300 experimental nuclear reactor. Data on a high static pressure distribution within the models, and equations for determining the fuel bundle flow friction factors have been obtained. Recommendations are provided on using the closing turbulence models available in the ANSYS Fluent. A comparative analysis has been performed against the existing empirical equations for determining the flow friction factors. The calculated and experimental data fit has been shown. An analysis into the experimental data and results of the numerical simulation of the BREST-OD-300 fuel rod assembly hydrodynamic performance are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BREST-OD-300" title="BREST-OD-300">BREST-OD-300</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ware-spaces" title=" ware-spaces"> ware-spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20assembly" title=" fuel assembly"> fuel assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computation fluid dynamics"> computation fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11699/a-cfd-analysis-of-hydraulic-characteristics-of-the-rod-bundles-in-the-brest-od-300-wire-spaced-fuel-assemblies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3092</span> Structure of Turbulence Flow in the Wire-Wrappes Fuel Assemblies of BREST-OD-300</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Fomichev">Dmitry V. Fomichev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20I.%20Solonin"> Vladimir I. Solonin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic characteristics of the air coolant flow in the test wire-wrapped assembly is presented. The test assembly has 37 rods, which are similar to the real fuel pins of the BREST-OD-300 fuel assemblies geometrically. Air open loop test facility installed at the “Nuclear Power Plants and Installations” department of BMSTU was used to obtain the experimental data. The obtaining altitudinal distribution of static pressure in the near-wall test assembly as well as velocity and temperature distribution of coolant flow in the test sections can give us some new knowledge about the mechanism of formation of the turbulence flow structure in the wire wrapped fuel assemblies. Numerical simulations of the turbulence flow has been accomplished using ANSYS Fluent 14.5. Different non-local turbulence models have been considered, such as standard and RNG k-e models and k-w SST model. Results of numerical simulations of the flow based on the considered turbulence models give the best agreement with the experimental data and help us to carry out strong analysis of flow characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wire-spaces%20fuel%20assembly" title="wire-spaces fuel assembly">wire-spaces fuel assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flow%20structure" title=" turbulent flow structure"> turbulent flow structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computation fluid dynamics"> computation fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19315/structure-of-turbulence-flow-in-the-wire-wrappes-fuel-assemblies-of-brest-od-300" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3091</span> Solar Aided Vacuum Desalination of Sea-Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miraz%20Hafiz%20Rossy">Miraz Hafiz Rossy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As part of planning to address shortfalls in fresh water supply for the world, Sea water can be a huge source of fresh water. But Desalinating sea water to get fresh water could require a lots of fossil fuels. To save the fossil fuel in terms of save the green world but meet the up growing need for fresh water, a very useful but energy efficient method needs to be introduced. Vacuum desalination of sea water using only the Renewable energy can be an effective solution to this issue. Taking advantage of sensitivity of water's boiling point to air pressure a vacuum desalination water treatment plant can be designed which would only use sea water as feed water and solar energy as fuel to produce fresh drinking water. The study indicates that reducing the air pressure to a certain value water can be boiled at very low temperature. Using solar energy to provide the condensation and the vacuum creation would be very useful and efficient. Compared to existing resources, desalination is considered to be expensive, but using only renewable energy the cost can be reduced significantly. Despite its very few drawbacks, it can be considered a possible solution to the world's fresh water shortages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desalination" title="desalination">desalination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scarcity%20of%20fresh%20water" title=" scarcity of fresh water"> scarcity of fresh water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20purification" title=" water purification"> water purification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73292/solar-aided-vacuum-desalination-of-sea-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3090</span> Laser Welding Technique Effect for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Chia%20Lin">Chih-Chia Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Ying%20Huang"> Ching-Ying Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Hong%20Liu"> Cheng-Hong Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Lin%20Wang"> Wen-Lin Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A complete fuel cell stack comprises several single cells with end plates, bipolar plates, gaskets and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) components. Electrons generated from cells are conducted through bipolar plates. The amount of cells' components increases as the stack voltage increases, complicating the fuel cell assembly process and mass production. Stack assembly error influence cell performance. PEM fuel cell stack importing laser welding technique could eliminate transverse deformation between bipolar plates to promote stress uniformity of cell components as bipolar plates and MEA. Simultaneously, bipolar plates were melted together using laser welding to decrease interface resistance. A series of experiments as through-plan and in-plan resistance measurement test was conducted to observe the laser welding effect. The result showed that the through-plane resistance with laser welding was a drop of 97.5-97.6% when the contact pressure was about 1MPa to 3 MPa, and the in-plane resistance was not significantly different for laser welding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEM%20fuel%20cell" title="PEM fuel cell">PEM fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding" title=" laser welding"> laser welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=through-plan" title=" through-plan"> through-plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-plan" title=" in-plan"> in-plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83737/laser-welding-technique-effect-for-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3089</span> Steady State and Accelerated Decay Rate Evaluations of Membrane Electrode Assembly of PEM Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingjeng%20James%20Li">Yingjeng James Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lung-Yu%20Sung"> Lung-Yu Sung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huan-Jyun%20Ciou"> Huan-Jyun Ciou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Durability of Membrane Electrode Assembly for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells was evaluated in both steady state and accelerated decay modes. Steady state mode was carried out at constant current of 800mA / cm2 for 2500 hours using air as cathode feed and pure hydrogen as anode feed. The degradation of the cell voltage was 0.015V after such 2500 hrs operation. The degradation rate was therefore calculated to be 6uV / hr. Accelerated mode was carried out by switching the voltage of the single cell between OCV and 0.2V. The durations held at OCV and 0.2V were 20 and 40 seconds, respectively, meaning one minute per cycle. No obvious change in performance of the MEA was observed after 10000 cycles of such operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lifetime" title=" lifetime"> lifetime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20electrode%20assembly" title=" membrane electrode assembly"> membrane electrode assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20exchange%20membrane%20fuel%20cells" title=" proton exchange membrane fuel cells"> proton exchange membrane fuel cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25014/steady-state-and-accelerated-decay-rate-evaluations-of-membrane-electrode-assembly-of-pem-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">589</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3088</span> Computer Aided Assembly Attributes Retrieval Methods for Automated Assembly Sequence Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20V.%20A.%20Raju%20Bahubalendruni">M. V. A. Raju Bahubalendruni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bibhuti%20Bhusan%20Biswal"> Bibhuti Bhusan Biswal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B.%20V.%20L.%20Deepak"> B. B. V. L. Deepak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Achieving an appropriate assembly sequence needs deep verification for its physical feasibility. For this purpose, industrial engineers use several assembly predicates; namely, liaison, geometric feasibility, stability and mechanical feasibility. However, testing an assembly sequence for these predicates requires huge assembly information. Extracting such assembly information from an assembled product is a time consuming and highly skillful task with complex reasoning methods. In this paper, computer aided methods are proposed to extract all the necessary assembly information from computer aided design (CAD) environment in order to perform the assembly sequence planning efficiently. These methods use preliminary capabilities of three-dimensional solid modelling and assembly modelling methods used in CAD software considering equilibrium laws of physical bodies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20automation" title="assembly automation">assembly automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20attributes" title=" assembly attributes"> assembly attributes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly" title=" assembly"> assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD" title=" CAD"> CAD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55591/computer-aided-assembly-attributes-retrieval-methods-for-automated-assembly-sequence-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3087</span> Performance Evaluation of a Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly Prepared from a Reinforced Proton Exchange Membrane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingjeng%20James%20Li">Yingjeng James Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun%20Jyun%20Ou"> Yun Jyun Ou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih%20Chi%20Hsu"> Chih Chi Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiao-Chih%20Hu"> Chiao-Chih Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A fuel cell is a device that produces electric power by reacting fuel and oxidant electrochemically. There is no pollution produced from a fuel cell if hydrogen is employed as the fuel. Therefore, a fuel cell is considered as a zero emission device and is a source of green power. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of a fuel cell. It is, therefore, beneficial to develop MEAs with high performance. In this study, an MEA for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was prepared from a 15-micron thick reinforced PEM. The active area of such MEA is 25 cm2. Carbon supported platinum (Pt/C) was employed as the catalyst for both anode and cathode. The platinum loading is 0.6 mg/cm2 based on the sum of anode and cathode. Commercially available carbon papers coated with a micro porous layer (MPL) serve as gas diffusion layers (GDLs). The original thickness of the GDL is 250 μm. It was compressed down to 163 μm when assembled into the single cell test fixture. Polarization curves were taken by using eight different test conditions. At our standard test condition (cell: 70 °C; anode: pure hydrogen, 100%RH, 1.2 stoic, ambient pressure; cathode: air, 100%RH, 3.0 stoic, ambient pressure), the cell current density is 1250 mA/cm2 at 0.6 V, and 2400 mA/cm2 at 0.4 V. At self-humidified condition and cell temperature of 55 °C, the cell current density is 1050 mA/cm2 at 0.6 V, and 2250 mA/cm2 at 0.4 V. Hydrogen crossover rate of the MEA is 0.0108 mL/min*cm2 according to linear sweep voltammetry experiments. According to the MEA’s Pt loading and the cyclic voltammetry experiments, the Pt electrochemical surface area is 60 m2/g. The ohmic part of the impedance spectroscopy results shows that the membrane resistance is about 60 mΩ*cm2 when the MEA is operated at 0.6 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell" title="fuel cell">fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20electrode%20assembly" title=" membrane electrode assembly"> membrane electrode assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20exchange%20membrane" title=" proton exchange membrane"> proton exchange membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced" title=" reinforced"> reinforced</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54819/performance-evaluation-of-a-fuel-cell-membrane-electrode-assembly-prepared-from-a-reinforced-proton-exchange-membrane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3086</span> Study on the Effect of Bolt Locking Method on the Deformation of Bipolar Plate in PEMFC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Chen">Tao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ShiHua%20Liu"> ShiHua Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JiWei%20Zhang"> JiWei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assembly of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) has a very important influence on its performance and efficiency. The various components of PEMFC stack are usually locked and fixed by bolts. Locking bolt will cause the deformation of the bipolar plate and the other components, which will affect directly the deformation degree of the integral parts of the PEMFC as well as the performance of PEMFC. This paper focuses on the object of three-cell stack of PEMFC. Finite element simulation is used to investigate the deformation of bipolar plate caused by quantity and layout of bolts, bolt locking pressure, and bolt locking sequence, etc. Finally, we made a conclusion that the optimal combination packaging scheme was adopted to assemble the fuel cell stack. The scheme was in use of 3.8 MPa locking pressure imposed on the fuel cell stack, type Ⅱ of four locking bolts and longitudinal locking method. The scheme was obtained by comparatively analyzing the overall displacement contour of PEMFC stack, absolute displacement curve of bipolar plate along the given three paths in the Z direction and the polarization curve of fuel cell. The research results are helpful for the fuel cell stack assembly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar%20plate" title="bipolar plate">bipolar plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title=" deformation"> deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20simulation" title=" finite element simulation"> finite element simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cell" title=" fuel cell"> fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locking%20bolt" title=" locking bolt"> locking bolt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89167/study-on-the-effect-of-bolt-locking-method-on-the-deformation-of-bipolar-plate-in-pemfc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3085</span> Analysis and Improvement of Efficiency for Food Processing Assembly Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Savsar">Mehmet Savsar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several factors affect productivity of Food Processing Assembly Lines (FPAL). Engineers and line managers usually do not recognize some of these factors and underutilize their production/assembly lines. In this paper, a special food processing assembly line is studied in detail, and procedures are presented to illustrate how productivity and efficiency of such lines can be increased. The assembly line considered produces ten different types of freshly prepared salads on the same line, which is called mixed model assembly line. Problems causing delays and inefficiencies on the line are identified. Line balancing and related tools are used to increase line efficiency and minimize balance delays. The procedure and the approach utilized in this paper can be useful for the operation managers and industrial engineers dealing with similar assembly lines in food processing industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20lines" title="assembly lines">assembly lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20balancing" title=" line balancing"> line balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20efficiency" title=" production efficiency"> production efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottleneck" title=" bottleneck"> bottleneck</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68271/analysis-and-improvement-of-efficiency-for-food-processing-assembly-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3084</span> An Automated Optimal Robotic Assembly Sequence Planning Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balamurali%20Gunji">Balamurali Gunji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B.%20V.%20L.%20Deepak"> B. B. V. L. Deepak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B.%20Biswal"> B. B. Biswal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrutha%20Rout"> Amrutha Rout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golak%20Bihari%20Mohanta"> Golak Bihari Mohanta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Robots play an important role in the operations like pick and place, assembly, spot welding and much more in manufacturing industries. Out of those, assembly is a very important process in manufacturing, where 20% of manufacturing cost is wholly occupied by the assembly process. To do the assembly task effectively, Assembly Sequences Planning (ASP) is required. ASP is one of the multi-objective non-deterministic optimization problems, achieving the optimal assembly sequence involves huge search space and highly complex in nature. Many researchers have followed different algorithms to solve ASP problem, which they have several limitations like the local optimal solution, huge search space, and execution time is more, complexity in applying the algorithm, etc. By keeping the above limitations in mind, in this paper, a new automated optimal robotic assembly sequence planning using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, automatic extraction of assembly predicates is done using Computer Aided Design (CAD) interface instead of extracting the assembly predicates manually. Due to this, the time of extraction of assembly predicates to obtain the feasible assembly sequence is reduced. The fitness evaluation of the obtained feasible sequence is carried out using ABC algorithm to generate the optimal assembly sequence. The proposed methodology is applied to different industrial products and compared the results with past literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20sequence%20planning" title="assembly sequence planning">assembly sequence planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD" title=" CAD"> CAD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20Bee%20colony%20algorithm" title=" artificial Bee colony algorithm"> artificial Bee colony algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20predicates" title=" assembly predicates"> assembly predicates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87239/an-automated-optimal-robotic-assembly-sequence-planning-using-artificial-bee-colony-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3083</span> An Assembly Line Designing Study for a Refrigeration Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emin%20Gundogar">Emin Gundogar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20Erkayman"> Burak Erkayman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysegul%20Yilmaz"> Aysegul Yilmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusret%20Sazak"> Nusret Sazak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When considering current competition conditions on the world, satisfying customer demands on time has become an important factor that enables the firms take a step further. Therefore, production process must be completed faster to take the competitive advantage. A balanced assembly line is the one of most important factors affecting the speed of production lines. The aim of this study is to build an assembly line to balance the assembly line and to simulate it for different scenarios through a refrigerator factory. The times of the operations is analyzed and grouped by the priorities. First, a Kilbridge & Wester heuristics is put to the model then a simulation approach is implemented to the model and the differences are observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20line%20design" title="assembly line design">assembly line design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20line%20balancing" title=" assembly line balancing"> assembly line balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20modelling" title=" simulation modelling"> simulation modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refrigeration%20industry" title=" refrigeration industry"> refrigeration industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9798/an-assembly-line-designing-study-for-a-refrigeration-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3082</span> Multi Objective Simultaneous Assembly Line Balancing and Buffer Sizing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ullah">Saif Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guan%20Zailin"> Guan Zailin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Xianhao"> Xu Xianhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=He%20Zongdong"> He Zongdong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Baoxi"> Wang Baoxi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assembly line balancing problem is aimed to divide the tasks among the stations in assembly lines and optimize some objectives. In assembly lines the workload on stations is different from each other due to different tasks times and the difference in workloads between stations can cause blockage or starvation in some stations in assembly lines. Buffers are used to store the semi-finished parts between the stations and can help to smooth the assembly production. The assembly line balancing and buffer sizing problem can affect the throughput of the assembly lines. Assembly line balancing and buffer sizing problems have been studied separately in literature and due to their collective contribution in throughput rate of assembly lines, balancing and buffer sizing problem are desired to study simultaneously and therefore they are considered concurrently in current research. Current research is aimed to maximize throughput, minimize total size of buffers in assembly line and minimize workload variations in assembly line simultaneously. A multi objective optimization objective is designed which can give better Pareto solutions from the Pareto front and a simple example problem is solved for assembly line balancing and buffer sizing simultaneously. Current research is significant for assembly line balancing research and it can be significant to introduce optimization approaches which can optimize current multi objective problem in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20line%20balancing" title="assembly line balancing">assembly line balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20sizing" title=" buffer sizing"> buffer sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pareto%20solutions" title=" Pareto solutions "> Pareto solutions </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14084/multi-objective-simultaneous-assembly-line-balancing-and-buffer-sizing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3081</span> Real Time Monitoring and Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell in Cognitive Radio Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakash%20Thapa">Prakash Thapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gye%20Choon%20Park"> Gye Choon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Gi%20Kwon"> Sung Gi Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Lee"> Jin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The generation of electric power from a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is influenced by temperature, pressure, humidity, flow rate of reactant gaseous and partial flooding of membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Among these factors, temperature and cathode flooding are the most affecting parameters on the performance of fuel cell. This paper describes the detail design and effect of these parameters on PEM fuel cell. Performance of all parameters was monitored, analyzed and controlled by using 5KWatt PEM fuel cell. In the real-time data communication for remote monitoring and control of PEM fuel cell, a normalized least mean square algorithm in cognitive radio environment is used. By the use of this method, probability of energy signal detection will be maximum which solved the frequency shortage problem. So the monitoring system hanging out and slow speed problem will be solved. Also from the control unit, all parameters are controlled as per the system requirement. As a result, PEM fuel cell generates maximum electricity with better performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20exchange%20membrane%20%28PEM%29%20fuel%20cell" title="proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell">proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20and%20humidity%20sensor%20%28PTH%29" title=" temperature and humidity sensor (PTH)"> temperature and humidity sensor (PTH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency%20curve" title=" efficiency curve"> efficiency curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20radio%20network%20%28CRN%29" title=" cognitive radio network (CRN)"> cognitive radio network (CRN)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84275/real-time-monitoring-and-control-of-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell-in-cognitive-radio-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3080</span> Structural Integrity Analysis of Baffle Former Assembly in Pressurized Water Reactors Considering Irradiation Aging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Sung%20Kim">Jong-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Jo%20Jhung"> Myung-Jo Jhung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BFA is one of the reactor internals components in PWR. The BFA has the intended functions to support fuel assembly, to keep structural integrity of upper/lower core support structures, and to secure reactor coolant flow path. Failure of the BFA may give rise to significant effect on reactor safety operation and stop. The BFA is subject to relatively high neutron irradiation dose due to location close to the core. Therefore, IASCC can occur on the BFA due to damage accumulation as operating year increases. In this study, IASCC susceptibility on the BFA was assessed via the FEA considering variations of mechanical material behaviors with neutron irradiation. As a result of the assessment, some points have susceptibility more than 0.2 to IASCC during design lifetime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baffle%20former%20assembly" title="baffle former assembly">baffle former assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiation%20aging" title=" irradiation aging"> irradiation aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20power%20plant" title=" nuclear power plant"> nuclear power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressurized%20water%20reactor" title=" pressurized water reactor "> pressurized water reactor </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10726/structural-integrity-analysis-of-baffle-former-assembly-in-pressurized-water-reactors-considering-irradiation-aging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3079</span> Thermal Hydraulic Analysis of Sub-Channels of Pressurized Water Reactors with Hexagonal Array: A Numerical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Asif%20Ullah">Md. Asif Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20R.%20Sarkar"> M. A. R. Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper illustrates 2-D and 3-D simulations of sub-channels of a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) having hexagonal array of fuel rods. At a steady state, the temperature of outer surface of the cladding of fuel rod is kept about 1200°C. The temperature of this isothermal surface is taken as boundary condition for simulation. Water with temperature of 290°C is given as a coolant inlet to the primary water circuit which is pressurized upto 157 bar. Turbulent flow of pressurized water is used for heat removal. In 2-D model, temperature, velocity, pressure and Nusselt number distributions are simulated in a vertical sectional plane through the sub-channels of a hexagonal fuel rod assembly. Temperature, Nusselt number and Y-component of convective heat flux along a line in this plane near the end of fuel rods are plotted for different Reynold’s number. A comparison between X-component and Y-component of convective heat flux in this vertical plane is analyzed. Hexagonal fuel rod assembly has three types of sub-channels according to geometrical shape whose boundary conditions are different too. In 3-D model, temperature, velocity, pressure, Nusselt number, total heat flux magnitude distributions for all the three sub-channels are studied for a suitable Reynold’s number. A horizontal sectional plane is taken from each of the three sub-channels to study temperature, velocity, pressure, Nusselt number and convective heat flux distribution in it. Greater values of temperature, Nusselt number and Y-component of convective heat flux are found for greater Reynold’s number. X-component of convective heat flux is found to be non-zero near the bottom of fuel rod and zero near the end of fuel rod. This indicates that the convective heat transfer occurs totally along the direction of flow near the outlet. As, length to radius ratio of sub-channels is very high, simulation for a short length of the sub-channels are done for graphical interface advantage. For the simulations, Turbulent Flow (K-Є ) module and Heat Transfer in Fluids (ht) module of COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 5.0 are used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-channels" title="sub-channels">sub-channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynold%E2%80%99s%20number" title=" Reynold’s number"> Reynold’s number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusselt%20number" title=" Nusselt number"> Nusselt number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20heat%20transfer" title=" convective heat transfer"> convective heat transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40384/thermal-hydraulic-analysis-of-sub-channels-of-pressurized-water-reactors-with-hexagonal-array-a-numerical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3078</span> Synergistic Effects of the Substrate-Ligand Interaction in Metal-Organic Complexes on the De-electronation Kinetics of a Vitamin C Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muskan%20Parmar">Muskan Parmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musthafa%20Ottakam%20Thotiyl"> Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rising need for portable energy sources has led to advancements in direct liquid fuel cells (DLFCs) using various fuels like alcohol, ammonia, hydrazine, and vitamin C. Traditional precious metal catalysts improve reaction speeds but are expensive and prone to poisoning. Our study reveals how non-precious metal organometallic complexes, combined with smartly designed ligands, can significantly boost performance. The key is a unique interaction between the substrate (fuel) and the ligand, which creates a "dragging" effect that enhances reaction rates. By using this approach with a ferricyanide/ferrocyanide half-cell reaction, we developed a vitamin C fuel cell without precious metals. This fuel cell achieves an open circuit voltage of ∼950 mV, a peak power density of ∼97 mW cm⁻², and a peak current density of ∼215 mA cm⁻². Impressively, its performance is about 1.7 times better than traditional precious metal-based DLFCs. This highlights the potential of substrate ligand chemistry in the creation of sustainable DLFCs for efficient energy conversion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20electrocatalysts" title="molecular electrocatalysts">molecular electrocatalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C%20fuel%20cell" title=" vitamin C fuel cell"> vitamin C fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton%20charge%20assembly" title=" proton charge assembly"> proton charge assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferricyanide%20half-cell%20chemistry" title=" ferricyanide half-cell chemistry"> ferricyanide half-cell chemistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192220/synergistic-effects-of-the-substrate-ligand-interaction-in-metal-organic-complexes-on-the-de-electronation-kinetics-of-a-vitamin-c-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3077</span> WEMax: Virtual Manned Assembly Line Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Won%20Kyung%20Ham">Won Kyung Ham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Hoon%20Cho"> Kang Hoon Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20C.%20Park"> Sang C. Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Presented in this paper is a framework of a software ‘WEMax’. The WEMax is invented for analysis and simulation for manned assembly lines to sustain and improve performance of manufacturing systems. In a manufacturing system, performance, such as productivity, is a key of competitiveness for output products. However, the manned assembly lines are difficult to forecast performance, because human labors are not expectable factors by computer simulation models or mathematical models. Existing approaches to performance forecasting of the manned assembly lines are limited to matters of the human itself, such as ergonomic and workload design, and non-human-factor-relevant simulation. Consequently, an approach for the forecasting and improvement of manned assembly line performance is needed to research. As a solution of the current problem, this study proposes a framework that is for generation and simulation of virtual manned assembly lines, and the framework has been implemented as a software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20forecasting" title="performance forecasting">performance forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20manned%20assembly%20line" title=" virtual manned assembly line"> virtual manned assembly line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WEMax" title=" WEMax"> WEMax</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3856/wemax-virtual-manned-assembly-line-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3076</span> Product Feature Modelling for Integrating Product Design and Assembly Process Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baha%20Hasan">Baha Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Wikander"> Jan Wikander</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a part of the integrating work between assembly design and assembly process planning domains (APP). The work is based, in its first stage, on modelling assembly features to support APP. A multi-layer architecture, based on feature-based modelling, is proposed to establish a dynamic and adaptable link between product design using CAD tools and APP. The proposed approach is based on deriving “specific function” features from the “generic” assembly and form features extracted from the CAD tools. A hierarchal structure from “generic” to “specific” and from “high level geometrical entities” to “low level geometrical entities” is proposed in order to integrate geometrical and assembly data extracted from geometrical and assembly modelers to the required processes and resources in APP. The feature concept, feature-based modelling, and feature recognition techniques are reviewed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20feature" title="assembly feature">assembly feature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20process%20planning" title=" assembly process planning"> assembly process planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature" title=" feature"> feature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature-based%20modelling" title=" feature-based modelling"> feature-based modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=form%20feature" title=" form feature"> form feature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology" title=" ontology"> ontology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54522/product-feature-modelling-for-integrating-product-design-and-assembly-process-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3075</span> Design for Error-Proofing Assembly: A Systematic Approach to Prevent Assembly Issues since Early Design Stages, an Industrial Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Estrada">Gabriela Estrada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joaquim%20Lloveras"> Joaquim Lloveras</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Design for error-proofing assembly is a new DFX approach to prevent assembly issues since early design stages. Assembly issues that can happen during the life phases of a system such as: production, installation, operation, and replacement phases. This prevention is possible by designing the product with poka-yoke or error-proofing characteristics. This approach guide designers to make decisions based on poka-yoke assembly design requirements. As a result of applying these requirements designers are able to create solutions to prevent assembly issues for the product in development stage. This paper integrates the needs to design products in an error proofing way into the systematic approach of design process by Pahl and Beitz. A case study is presented applying this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poka-yoke" title="poka-yoke">poka-yoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error-proofing" title=" error-proofing"> error-proofing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20issues" title=" assembly issues"> assembly issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20process" title=" design process"> design process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20phases%20of%20a%20system" title=" life phases of a system"> life phases of a system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1576/design-for-error-proofing-assembly-a-systematic-approach-to-prevent-assembly-issues-since-early-design-stages-an-industrial-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3074</span> Design for Error-Proofing Assembly: A Systematic Approach to Prevent Assembly Issues since Early Design Stages. An Industry Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriela%20Estrada">Gabriela Estrada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joaquim%20Lloveras"> Joaquim Lloveras</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Design for error-proofing assembly is a new DFX approach to prevent assembly issues since early design stages. Assembly issues that can happen during the life phases of a system such as: production, installation, operation and replacement phases. This prevention is possible by designing the product with poka-yoke or error-proofing characteristics. This approach guide designers to make decisions based on poka-yoke assembly design requirements. As a result of applying these requirements designers are able to create solutions to prevent assembly issues for the product in development stage. This paper integrates the needs to design products in an error proofing way into the systematic approach of design process by Pahl and Beitz. A case study is presented applying this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poka-yoke" title="poka-yoke">poka-yoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error-proofing" title=" error-proofing"> error-proofing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20issues" title=" assembly issues"> assembly issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20process" title=" design process"> design process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20phases%20of%20a%20system" title=" life phases of a system"> life phases of a system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1575/design-for-error-proofing-assembly-a-systematic-approach-to-prevent-assembly-issues-since-early-design-stages-an-industry-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3073</span> An Overview of Evaluations Using Augmented Reality for Assembly Training Tasks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Werrlich">S. Werrlich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Eichstetter"> E. Eichstetter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Nitsche"> K. Nitsche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Notni"> G. Notni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Augmented Reality (AR) is a strong growing research topic in different training domains such as medicine, sports, military, education and industrial use cases like assembly and maintenance tasks. AR claims to improve the efficiency and skill-transfer of training tasks. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of evaluations using AR for assembly and maintenance training tasks published between 1992 and 2017. We search in a structured way in four different online databases and get 862 results. We select 17 relevant articles focusing on evaluating AR-based training applications for assembly and maintenance tasks. This paper also indicates design guidelines which are necessary for creating a successful application for an AR-based training. We also present five scientific limitations in the field of AR-based training for assembly tasks. Finally, we show our approach to solve current research problems using Design Science Research (DSR). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly" title="assembly">assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title=" augmented reality"> augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey" title=" survey"> survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66159/an-overview-of-evaluations-using-augmented-reality-for-assembly-training-tasks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3072</span> Preliminary Study on the Factors Affecting Safety Parameters of (Th, U)O₂ Fuel Cycle: The Basis for Choosing Three Fissile Enrichment Zones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20H.%20Uguru">E. H. Uguru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20F.%20A.%20Sani"> S. F. A. Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20U.%20Khandaker"> M. U. Khandaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Rabir"> M. H. Rabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The beginning of cycle transient safety parameters is paramount for smooth reactor operation. The enhanced operational safety of UO₂ fuelled AP1000 reactor being the first using three fissile enrichment zones motivated this research for (Th, U)O₂ fuel. This study evaluated the impact of fissile enrichment, soluble boron, and gadolinia on the transient safety parameters to determine the basis for choosing the three fissile enrichment zones. Fuel assembly and core model of Westinghouse small modular reactor were investigated using different fuel and reactivity control arrangements. The Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) integrated with CINDER90 burn-up code was used for the calculations. The results show that the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity (MTC) and the fuel temperature coefficient of reactivity (FTC) were respectively negative and decreased with increasing fissile enrichment. Soluble boron significantly decreased the MTC but slightly increased FTC while gadolinia followed the same trend with a minor impact. However, the MTC and FTC respectively decreased significantly with increasing change in temperature. These results provide a guide on the considerable factors in choosing the three fissile enrichment zones for (Th, U)O₂ fuel in anticipation of their impact on safety parameters. Therefore, this study provides foundational results on the factors that must be considered in choosing three fissile arrangement zones for (Th, U)O₂ fuel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title="reactivity">reactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20parameters" title=" safety parameters"> safety parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20modular%20reactor" title=" small modular reactor"> small modular reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soluble%20boron" title=" soluble boron"> soluble boron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thorium%20fuel%20cycle" title=" thorium fuel cycle"> thorium fuel cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115492/preliminary-study-on-the-factors-affecting-safety-parameters-of-th-uo2-fuel-cycle-the-basis-for-choosing-three-fissile-enrichment-zones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3071</span> Electrochemical Layer by Layer Assembly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mao%20Li">Mao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuguang%20Ma"> Yuguang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katsuhiko%20Ariga"> Katsuhiko Ariga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of functional materials is governed by their ability to interact with surrounding environments in a well-defined and controlled manner. Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly is one of the most widely used technologies for coating both planar and particulate substrates in a diverse range of fields, including optics, energy, catalysis, separations, and biomedicine. Herein, we introduce electrochemical-coupling layer-by-layer assembly as a novel fabrication methodology for preparing layered thin films. This assembly method not only determines the process properties (such as the time, scalability, and manual intervention) but also directly control the physicochemical properties of the films (such as the thickness, homogeneity, and inter- and intra-layer film organization), with both sets of properties linked to application-specific performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layer%20by%20layer%20assembly" title="layer by layer assembly">layer by layer assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electropolymerization" title=" electropolymerization"> electropolymerization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbazole" title=" carbazole"> carbazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20thin%20film" title=" optical thin film"> optical thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronics" title=" electronics"> electronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42525/electrochemical-layer-by-layer-assembly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3070</span> Evaluating the Performance of Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell under Varying Operating and Structural Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Saraswat">Rahul Saraswat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More recently, a focus has been given to replacing machined stainless steel metal flow fields with inexpensive wire mesh current collectors. The flow fields are based on simple woven wire mesh screens of various stainless steels, which are sandwiched between a thin metal plate of the same material to create a bipolar plate/flow field configuration for use in a stack. Major advantages of using stainless steel wire screens include the elimination of expensive raw materials as well as machining and/or other special fabrication costs. The objective of the project is to improve the performance of the passive direct methanol fuel cell without increasing the cost of the cell and to make it as compact and light as possible. From the literature survey, it was found that very little is done in this direction, and the following methodology was used. 1. The passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) can be made more compact, lighter, and less costly by changing the material used in its construction. 2. Controlling the fuel diffusion rate through the cell improves the performance of the cell. A passive liquid feed direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was fabricated using a given MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) and tested for different current collector structures. Mesh current collectors of different mesh densities along with different support structures, were used, and the performance was found to be better. Methanol concentration was also varied. Optimisation of mesh size, support structure, and fuel concentration was achieved. Cost analysis was also performed hereby. From the performance analysis study of DMFC, we can conclude with the following points: Area specific resistance (ASR) of wire mesh current collectors is lower than the ASR of stainless steel current collectors. Also, the power produced by wire mesh current collectors is always more than that produced by stainless steel current collectors. 1. Low or moderate methanol concentrations should be used for better and stable DMFC performance. 2. Wiremesh is a good substitute for stainless steel for current collector plates of passive DMFC because of its lower cost (by about 27 %), flexibility, and light in weight characteristics of wire mesh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20methanol%20fuel%20cell" title="direct methanol fuel cell">direct methanol fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20electrode%20assembly" title=" membrane electrode assembly"> membrane electrode assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh" title=" mesh"> mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20size" title=" mesh size"> mesh size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol%20concentration" title=" methanol concentration"> methanol concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20structure" title=" support structure"> support structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160472/evaluating-the-performance-of-passive-direct-methanol-fuel-cell-under-varying-operating-and-structural-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3069</span> 3D Linear and Cyclic Homo-Peptide Crystals Forged by Supramolecular Swelling Self-Assembly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenliang%20Song">Wenliang Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Zhang"> Yu Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Jin"> Hua Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Il%20Kim"> Il Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The self-assembly of the polypeptide (PP) into well-defined structures at different length scales is both biomimetic relevant and fundamentally interesting. Although there are various reports of nanostructures fabricated by the self-assembly of various PPs, directed self-assembly of PP into three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical structure has proven to be difficult, despite their importance for biological applications. Herein, an efficient method has been developed through living polymerization of phenylalanine N-Carboxy anhydride (NCA) towards the linear and cyclic polyphenylalanine, and the new invented swelling methodology can form diverse hierarchical polypeptide crystals. The solvent-dependent self-assembly behaviors of these homopolymers were characterized by high-resolution imaging tools such as atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope. The linear and cyclic polypeptide formed 3D nano hierarchical shapes, such as a sphere, cubic, stratiform and hexagonal star in different solvents. Notably, a crystalline packing model was proposed to explain the formation of 3D nanostructures based on the various diffraction patterns, looking forward to give an insight for their dissimilar shape inflection during the self-assembly process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembly" title="self-assembly">self-assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypeptide" title=" polypeptide"> polypeptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-polymer" title=" bio-polymer"> bio-polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystalline%20polymer" title=" crystalline polymer"> crystalline polymer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75722/3d-linear-and-cyclic-homo-peptide-crystals-forged-by-supramolecular-swelling-self-assembly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3068</span> Motorist Driving Strategy-Related Factors Affecting Vehicle Fuel Efficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Azizi">Aydin Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahman%20Tanira"> Abdurrahman Tanira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the onset of climate change and limited fuel resources, improving fuel efficiency has become an important part of the motor industry. To maximize fuel efficiency, development of technologies must come hand-in-hand with awareness of efficient driving strategies. This study aims to explore the various driving habits that can impact fuel efficiency by reviewing available literature. Such habits include sudden and unnecessary acceleration or deceleration, improper hardware maintenance, driving above or below optimum speed and idling. By studying such habits and ultimately applying it to driving techniques, in combination with improved mechanics of the car, will optimize the use of fuel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20efficiency" title="fuel efficiency">fuel efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20techniques" title=" driving techniques"> driving techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20speed" title=" optimum speed"> optimum speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimizing%20fuel%20consumption" title=" optimizing fuel consumption"> optimizing fuel consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44070/motorist-driving-strategy-related-factors-affecting-vehicle-fuel-efficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44070.pdf" target="_blank" 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