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id="toc-Crew_seat_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crew_seat_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Crew seat assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crew_seat_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mission_highlights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission_highlights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mission highlights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mission_highlights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-56</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3-%DB%B5%DB%B6" title="اس‌تی‌اس-۵۶ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌تی‌اس-۵۶" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS%E2%80%9356" title="STS–56 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="STS–56" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="STS-56" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q240585#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/STS-56" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/STS-56" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&oldid=1261215383" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">STS-56</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_(Retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/260px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/390px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/520px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5268" data-file-height="5268" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Components of the <a href="/wiki/Spacelab" title="Spacelab">ATLAS-2 laboratory</a> in the payload bay of <i>Discovery</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space_Transportation_System" title="Space Transportation System">Space Transportation System</a>-56</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data">Scientific research</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1993-023A">1993-023A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240585#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">22621<span style="float:right"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240585?uselang=en#P377" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">9 days, 6 hours, 8 minutes, 19 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distance travelled</th><td class="infobox-data">6,202,407 km (3,853,997 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbits completed</th><td class="infobox-data">148</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing mass</th><td class="infobox-data">93,683 kg (206,536 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Payload mass</th><td class="infobox-data">7,026 kg (15,490 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Crew</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Crew size</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_D._Cameron" title="Kenneth D. Cameron">Kenneth D. Cameron</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Oswald" title="Stephen S. Oswald">Stephen S. Oswald</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foale" title="Michael Foale">Michael Foale</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Cockrell" title="Kenneth Cockrell">Kenneth Cockrell</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Ochoa" title="Ellen Ochoa">Ellen Ochoa</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">April 8, 1993, 05:29:00<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">April 8, 1993, 05:29:00</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> (1:29<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39B" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39B">LC-39B</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell International</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing date</th><td class="infobox-data">April 17, 1993, 11:37:19<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">April 17, 1993, 11:37:19</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>UTC (7:37:19<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span>EDT)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing site</th><td class="infobox-data">Kennedy, <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_Landing_Facility" title="Shuttle Landing Facility">SLF Runway 33</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Periapsis altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">291 km (181 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Apoapsis altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">299 km (186 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">57.00°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">90.40 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Instruments</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Active Cavity Radiometer (ACR)</li><li>Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS)</li><li>Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS)</li><li>Commercial Materials dispersion apparatus Instrumentation technology associates Experiment (CMIX)</li><li>Cosmic Ray Effects and Activation Monitor (CREAM)</li><li>Get Away Special (GAS)</li><li>Hand-held, Earth-oriented, Real-time, Cooperative, User-friendly, Location-targeting and Environmental System (HERCULES)</li><li>Millimeter Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS)</li><li>Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE)</li><li>Radiation Monitoring Equipment (RME III)</li><li>Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX II)</li><li>Solar Spectroscopy Instrument (SOLSPEC)</li><li>Solar Ultraviolet Experiment (SUVE)</li><li>Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBUV/A)</li><li>Solar Constant (SOLCON)</li><li>Space Tissue Loss (STL-1)</li><li>Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sts-56-patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Sts-56-patch.png/180px-Sts-56-patch.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Sts-56-patch.png/270px-Sts-56-patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Sts-56-patch.png/360px-Sts-56-patch.png 2x" data-file-width="1924" data-file-height="1924" /></a></span><br />STS-56 mission patch<br /> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sts-56_crew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sts-56_crew.jpg/220px-Sts-56_crew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sts-56_crew.jpg/330px-Sts-56_crew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sts-56_crew.jpg/440px-Sts-56_crew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2802" /></a></span><br />Standing: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Cockrell" title="Kenneth Cockrell">Cockrell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foale" title="Michael Foale">Foale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Ochoa" title="Ellen Ochoa">Ochoa</a><br />Seated: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Oswald" title="Stephen S. Oswald">Oswald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_D._Cameron" title="Kenneth D. Cameron">Cameron</a><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a> (53)</div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a> (55) →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>STS-56</b> was a <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a> mission to perform special experiments. It was Discovery's 16th flight. The mission was launched from <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, on April 8, 1993. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crew">Crew</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Crew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:150px;"><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Position</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width:200px;">Astronaut </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Commander </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_D._Cameron" title="Kenneth D. Cameron">Kenneth D. Cameron</a><br />Second spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Pilot </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Oswald" title="Stephen S. Oswald">Stephen S. Oswald</a><br />Second spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 1 </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span>/<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foale" title="Michael Foale">Michael Foale</a><br />Second spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 2<br />Flight Engineer </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Cockrell" title="Kenneth Cockrell">Kenneth Cockrell</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 3 </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Ochoa" title="Ellen Ochoa">Ellen Ochoa</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crew_seat_assignments">Crew seat assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Crew seat assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Seat<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Launch </th> <th>Landing </th> <td rowspan="8"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/150px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/225px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/300px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="834" /></a></span><br />Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.<br />Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck. </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td colspan="2">Cameron </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td colspan="2">Oswald </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td>Foale </td> <td>Ochoa </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td colspan="2">Cockrell </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td>Ochoa </td> <td>Foale </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgray"><i>Unused</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgray"><i>Unused</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_highlights">Mission highlights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mission highlights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Attempt</th> <th>Planned</th> <th>Result</th> <th>Turnaround</th> <th>Reason</th> <th>Decision point</th> <th>Weather go (%)</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-04-06 1:32 !">6 Apr 1993, 1:32:00 am</span></td> <td>Scrubbed</td> <td>—</td> <td>Technical</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-04-06 1:31 !">6 Apr 1993, 1:31 am</span> (T−00:00:11)</td> <td>80<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Liquid hydrogen bleed valve was indicated as open when it was actually closed as required.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-04-08 1:29 !">8 Apr 1993, 1:29:00 am</span></td> <td>Success</td> <td>1 day 23 hours 57 minutes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>90<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The primary payload of the flight was the <a href="/wiki/Spacelab" title="Spacelab">Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science-2</a> (ATLAS-2),<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Report_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Report-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 1">: 1 </span></sup> designed to collect data on the relationship between the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>'s energy output and <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>'s middle atmosphere and how these factors affect the <a href="/wiki/Ozone_layer" title="Ozone layer">ozone layer</a>. It included six instruments mounted on a Spacelab pallet in the cargo bay, with the seventh mounted on the wall of the bay in two <a href="/wiki/Get_Away_Special" class="mw-redirect" title="Get Away Special">Get Away Special</a> (GAS) canisters. Atmospheric instruments included the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) experiment, the Millimeter Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS), and the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBUV/A) spectrometer (on the cargo bay wall). Solar science instruments were the solar spectrometry instrument SOLSPEC,<sup id="cite_ref-SOLSPEC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOLSPEC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM), and the Active Cavity Radiometer (ACR) and Solar Constant (SOLCON) experiments.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ATLAS-2 is one element of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth program. All seven ATLAS-2 instruments first flew on <a href="/wiki/Spacelab" title="Spacelab">ATLAS-1</a> during <a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a>, and flew a third time in late 1994 on <a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 11, 1993, the crew used the remote manipulator arm (<a href="/wiki/Canadarm" title="Canadarm">Canadarm</a>) to deploy the Shuttle Point Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy-201 (SPARTAN-201), a free-flying science instrument platform designed to study velocity and acceleration of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a> and observe the <a href="/wiki/Stellar_corona" title="Stellar corona">Sun's corona</a>. Collected data was stored on tape for playback after return to Earth. SPARTAN-201 was retrieved on April 13, 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The crew also made numerous radio contacts to schools around the world using the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX II), including brief radio contact with the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir space station</a>, the first such contact between Space Shuttle and Mir using amateur radio equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-STIsummary_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STIsummary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was arguably the first time that the astronauts received <a href="/wiki/Amateur_television" title="Amateur television">amateur television</a> video from the ham radio club station (W5RRR) at JSC.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other cargo bay payloads were the Solar Ultraviolet Experiment (SUVE), sponsored by <a href="/wiki/National_Space_Grant_College_and_Fellowship_Program" title="National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program">Colorado Space Grant Consortium</a> and located in a GetAway Special canister on the cargo bay wall.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The middeck payloads were the Commercial Materials Dispersion Apparatus Instrumentation Technology Associates Experiment (CMIX), the Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE), Space Tissue Loss (STL-1) experiment, the Cosmic Ray Effects and Activation Monitor (CREAM) experiment. the Hand-held, Earth-oriented, Real-time, Cooperative, User-friendly, Location-targeting and Environmental System (<a href="/wiki/Nikon_NASA_F4" title="Nikon NASA F4">HERCULES</a>), Radiation Monitoring Equipment (RME III), and an <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Maui_Optical_and_Supercomputing_observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Maui Optical and Supercomputing observatory">Air Force Maui Optical Site</a> (AMOS) calibration test.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Launch of STS-56"><img alt="Launch of STS-56" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg/96px-STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg/144px-STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg/192px-STS-56_Launch_-_GPN-2000-000748.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Launch of STS-56</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_(Retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="SPARTAN-201"><img alt="SPARTAN-201" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg/119px-STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg/178px-STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg/238px-STS056-90-034_-_SPARTAN-201_free-flying_%28Retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5232" data-file-height="5283" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">SPARTAN-201</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_(Retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Payload bay view with ATLAS pallet"><img alt="Payload bay view with ATLAS pallet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/120px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/180px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg/240px-STS056-91-054_-_Payload_bay_view_with_ATLAS_pallet_%28Retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5268" data-file-height="5268" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Payload bay view with ATLAS pallet</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-56&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-56.htm">"STS-56"</a>. Spacefacts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-56&rft.pub=Spacefacts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspacefacts.de%2Fmission%2Fenglish%2Fsts-56.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=6w2ZCmoKEM0C&dat=19930405&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Discovery to lift off tomorrow"</a>. <i>Observer–Reporter</i>. Associated Press. April 5, 1993. p. A6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2024</span> – via Google News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Observer%E2%80%93Reporter&rft.atitle=Discovery+to+lift+off+tomorrow&rft.pages=A6&rft.date=1993-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D6w2ZCmoKEM0C%26dat%3D19930405%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Summary-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Summary_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyba" class="citation web cs1">Ryba, Jeanne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html">"STS-56"</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-56&rft.pub=NASA&rft.aulast=Ryba&rft.aufirst=Jeanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fshuttle%2Fshuttlemissions%2Farchives%2Fsts-56.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=6w2ZCmoKEM0C&dat=19930408&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"NASA ready for launch... again"</a>. <i>Observer–Reporter</i>. Associated Press. April 8, 1993. p. A3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2024</span> – via Google News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Observer%E2%80%93Reporter&rft.atitle=NASA+ready+for+launch...+again&rft.pages=A3&rft.date=1993-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D6w2ZCmoKEM0C%26dat%3D19930408%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STS-56_Mission_Report-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-STS-56_Mission_Report_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFricke1993" class="citation report cs1">Fricke, Robert W. (July 1, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19940023718/downloads/19940023718.pdf">STS-56 Space Shuttle mission report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=STS-56+Space+Shuttle+mission+report&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.aulast=Fricke&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fntrs.nasa.gov%2Fapi%2Fcitations%2F19940023718%2Fdownloads%2F19940023718.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SOLSPEC-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SOLSPEC_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://solspec.projet.latmos.ipsl.fr/SOLSPEC_GB/Background.html">"Background"</a>. <i>SOLSPEC</i>. Institut Pierre Simon Laplace<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SOLSPEC&rft.atitle=Background&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolspec.projet.latmos.ipsl.fr%2FSOLSPEC_GB%2FBackground.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STIsummary-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-STIsummary_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeglerBennett2011" class="citation web cs1">Legler, Robert D.; Bennett, Floyd V. (September 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sma.nasa.gov/SignificantIncidents/assets/space-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf">"Space Shuttle Missions Summary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program Office</i>. NASA. p. 2-64. NASA/TM–2011–216142. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021052010/https://sma.nasa.gov/SignificantIncidents/assets/space-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+and+Technical+Information+%28STI%29+Program+Office&rft.atitle=Space+Shuttle+Missions+Summary&rft.pages=2-64&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.aulast=Legler&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Floyd+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsma.nasa.gov%2FSignificantIncidents%2Fassets%2Fspace-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-56" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120925185952/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-56/mission-sts-56.html">Archived</a> September 25, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle54.htm">STS-56 Video Highlights</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718214405/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle54.htm">Archived</a> July 18, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Template:Space Shuttle Discovery"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Template talk:Space Shuttle Discovery"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space Shuttle Discovery"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_Shuttle_Discovery_(OV-103)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Space Shuttle <i>Discovery</i></a> (OV-103)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Completed flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-D" title="STS-41-D">STS-41-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-A" title="STS-51-A">STS-51-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-26" title="STS-26">STS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-29" title="STS-29">STS-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-33" title="STS-33">STS-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-31" title="STS-31">STS-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41" title="STS-41">STS-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">STS-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">STS-53</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-60" title="STS-60">STS-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-63" title="STS-63">STS-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-70" title="STS-70">STS-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-82" title="STS-82">STS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-85" title="STS-85">STS-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-91" title="STS-91">STS-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-95" title="STS-95">STS-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-96" title="STS-96">STS-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-103" title="STS-103">STS-103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-92" title="STS-92">STS-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-105" title="STS-105">STS-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-121" title="STS-121">STS-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-116" title="STS-116">STS-116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-120" title="STS-120">STS-120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-124" title="STS-124">STS-124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-119" title="STS-119">STS-119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-128" title="STS-128">STS-128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-131" title="STS-131">STS-131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-133" title="STS-133">STS-133</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-STS-133_Space_Shuttle_Discovery_after_undocking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3336" data-file-height="2507" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Retired</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On display</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_F._Udvar-Hazy_Center" title="Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center">Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Destiny_in_Space" title="Destiny in Space">Destiny in Space</a></i> (1994 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template talk:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">U.S. Space Shuttle missions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Completed<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">(crews)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1977 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Approach_and_Landing_Tests" title="Approach and Landing Tests">Approach and Landing Tests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-2" title="STS-2">STS-2</a></li></ul></li> <li>1982 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-3" title="STS-3">STS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-4" title="STS-4">STS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-5" title="STS-5">STS-5</a></li></ul></li> <li>1983 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-6" title="STS-6">STS-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-7" title="STS-7">STS-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-8" title="STS-8">STS-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a></li></ul></li> <li>1984 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-B" title="STS-41-B">STS-41-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-C" title="STS-41-C">STS-41-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-D" title="STS-41-D">STS-41-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-G" title="STS-41-G">STS-41-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-A" title="STS-51-A">STS-51-A</a></li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-B" title="STS-51-B">STS-51-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-F" title="STS-51-F">STS-51-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J">STS-51-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a></li></ul></li> <li>1986 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-C" title="STS-61-C">STS-61-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-L" title="STS-51-L">STS-51-L</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>1988 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-26" title="STS-26">STS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-27" title="STS-27">STS-27</a></li></ul></li> <li>1989 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-29" title="STS-29">STS-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-30" title="STS-30">STS-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-34" title="STS-34">STS-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-33" title="STS-33">STS-33</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-32" title="STS-32">STS-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-36" title="STS-36">STS-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-31" title="STS-31">STS-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41" title="STS-41">STS-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-38" title="STS-38">STS-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">STS-35</a></li></ul></li> <li>1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-37" title="STS-37">STS-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-40" title="STS-40">STS-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-43" title="STS-43">STS-43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a></li></ul></li> <li>1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">STS-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">STS-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-50" title="STS-50">STS-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-47" title="STS-47">STS-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-52" title="STS-52">STS-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">STS-53</a></li></ul></li> <li>1993 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57">STS-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></li></ul></li> <li>1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-60" title="STS-60">STS-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62" title="STS-62">STS-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-59" title="STS-59">STS-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-65" title="STS-65">STS-65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-68" title="STS-68">STS-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-63" title="STS-63">STS-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">STS-67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-71" title="STS-71">STS-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-70" title="STS-70">STS-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-69" title="STS-69">STS-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-73" title="STS-73">STS-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-74" title="STS-74">STS-74</a></li></ul></li> <li>1996 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a></li></ul></li> <li>1997 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-81" title="STS-81">STS-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-82" title="STS-82">STS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-83" title="STS-83">STS-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-84" title="STS-84">STS-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-94" title="STS-94">STS-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-85" title="STS-85">STS-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-86" title="STS-86">STS-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-87" title="STS-87">STS-87</a></li></ul></li> <li>1998 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-89" title="STS-89">STS-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-90" title="STS-90">STS-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-91" title="STS-91">STS-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-95" title="STS-95">STS-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-88" title="STS-88">STS-88</a></li></ul></li> <li>1999 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-96" title="STS-96">STS-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-93" title="STS-93">STS-93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-103" title="STS-103">STS-103</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-99" title="STS-99">STS-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-101" title="STS-101">STS-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-106" title="STS-106">STS-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-92" title="STS-92">STS-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-97" title="STS-97">STS-97</a></li></ul></li> <li>2001 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-98" title="STS-98">STS-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-100" title="STS-100">STS-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-104" title="STS-104">STS-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-105" title="STS-105">STS-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-108" title="STS-108">STS-108</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-109" title="STS-109">STS-109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-110" title="STS-110">STS-110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-111" title="STS-111">STS-111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-112" title="STS-112">STS-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-113" title="STS-113">STS-113</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-121" title="STS-121">STS-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-116" title="STS-116">STS-116</a></li></ul></li> <li>2007 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-117" title="STS-117">STS-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-118" title="STS-118">STS-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-120" title="STS-120">STS-120</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-123" title="STS-123">STS-123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-124" title="STS-124">STS-124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-126" title="STS-126">STS-126</a></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-119" title="STS-119">STS-119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-125" title="STS-125">STS-125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-127" title="STS-127">STS-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-128" title="STS-128">STS-128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-130" title="STS-130">STS-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-131" title="STS-131">STS-131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-132" title="STS-132">STS-132</a></li></ul></li> <li>2011 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-133" title="STS-133">STS-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-134" title="STS-134">STS-134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-135" title="STS-135">STS-135</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Cancelled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-41-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-E" title="STS-61-E">STS-61-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-F" title="STS-61-F">STS-61-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-G" title="STS-61-G">STS-61-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-H" title="STS-61-H">STS-61-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62-A" title="STS-62-A">STS-62-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-M" title="STS-61-M">STS-61-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-J" title="STS-61-J">STS-61-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-3xx" title="STS-3xx">STS-3xx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-400" title="STS-400">STS-400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Orbiters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Atlantis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger">Challenger</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">report</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia">Columbia</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Accident_Investigation_Board" title="Columbia Accident Investigation Board">investigation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Discovery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup> indicates failure missions.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1992Orbital_launches_in_19931994_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Template:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1992Orbital_launches_in_19931994_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1992_in_spaceflight" title="1992 in spaceflight">← 1992</a></div><a href="/wiki/1993_in_spaceflight" title="1993 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1993</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1994_in_spaceflight" title="1994 in spaceflight">1994 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2230&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2230 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2230</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-85 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-85</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/TDRS-6" title="TDRS-6">TDRS-6</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2231&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2231 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2231</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-16" title="Soyuz TM-16">Soyuz TM-16</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2232" title="Kosmos 2232">Kosmos 2232</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USA-88" title="USA-88">USA-88</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2233&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2233 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCD-1" class="mw-redirect" title="SCD-1">SCD-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbcomm_CDS-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbcomm CDS-1 (page does not exist)">Orbcomm CDS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2234&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2234 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2234</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2235&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2235 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2235</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2236&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2236 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Satellite_for_Cosmology_and_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics">Asuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-16" title="Progress M-16">Progress M-16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_No.42L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' No.42L (page does not exist)">Gran' No.42L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EKA-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EKA-1 (page does not exist)">EKA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UFO_F-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UFO F-1 (page does not exist)">UFO F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2237&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2237 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-90" title="USA-90">USA-90</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SEDS-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEDS-1 (page does not exist)">SEDS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2238&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2238 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-17" title="Progress M-17">Progress M-17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2239&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2239 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2239</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2240&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2240 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2241" title="Kosmos 2241">Kosmos 2241</a></li> <li><u><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-56</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SPARTAN_201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SPARTAN 201 (page does not exist)">SPARTAN 201</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2242&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2242 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2242</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.57 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Array_of_Low_Energy_X-ray_Imaging_Sensors" title="Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors">ALEXIS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbcomm_CDS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbcomm CDS-2 (page does not exist)">Orbcomm CDS-2</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2243&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2243 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2243</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2244&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2244 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2244</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2245&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2245 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2245</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2246&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2246 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2246</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2247&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2247 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2247</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2248&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2248 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2248</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2249&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2249 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2249</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2250 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_1C" title="Astra 1C">Astra 1C</a>, Arsene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-91" title="USA-91">USA-91</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F2_No.9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F2 No.9 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F2 No.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-18" title="Progress M-18">Progress M-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-1T_No.81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-1T No.81 (page does not exist)">Molniya-1T No.81</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.39L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.39L (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.39L</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2251" title="Kosmos 2251">Kosmos 2251</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57">STS-57</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2252&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2252 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2252</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2253&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2253 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2253</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2254&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2254 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2254</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2255&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2255 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2255</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2256&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2256 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2256</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2257&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2257 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2257</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HGS-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HGS-4 (page does not exist)">Galaxy 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F1_No.57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F1 No.57 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F1 No.57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcal" class="mw-redirect" title="Radcal">Radcal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-92" title="USA-92">USA-92</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasma_Motor_Generator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasma Motor Generator (page does not exist)">PMG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-17" title="Soyuz TM-17">Soyuz TM-17</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2258&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2258 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2258</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2259&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2259 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2259</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-93 (page does not exist)">USA-93</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2260&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2260 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1B" title="Hispasat 1B">Hispasat 1B</a>, <a href="/wiki/INSAT-2B" title="INSAT-2B">INSAT-2B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=SLDCOM-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SLDCOM-3 (page does not exist)">SLDCOM-3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.58&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.58 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA-13" title="NOAA-13">NOAA-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2261" title="Kosmos 2261">Kosmos 2261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-19" title="Progress M-19">Progress M-19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F1_No.56&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F1 No.56 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F1 No.56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-94" title="USA-94">USA-94</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor-2_No.24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor-2 No.24 (page does not exist)">Meteor-2 No.24</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temisat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temisat (page does not exist)">Temisat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-95 (page does not exist)">USA-95</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2262&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2262 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2262</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Advanced_Communications_Technology_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Communications Technology Satellite">ACTS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ORFEUS-SPAS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ORFEUS-SPAS (page does not exist)">ORFEUS-SPAS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2263&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2263 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2263</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2264&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2264 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2264</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IRS-P1" class="mw-redirect" title="IRS-P1">IRS-P1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPOT-3" class="mw-redirect" title="SPOT-3">SPOT-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Starlette_and_Stella" title="Starlette and Stella">Stella</a>, <a href="/wiki/KITSAT-2" title="KITSAT-2">KITSAT-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itamsat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itamsat (page does not exist)">Itamsat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eyesat-1" title="Eyesat-1">Eyesat-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/PoSAT-1" title="PoSAT-1">PoSAT-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Healthsat-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthsat-2">Healthsat-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_41L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' 41L (page does not exist)">Gran' 41L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Landsat_6" title="Landsat 6">Landsat 6</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fanhui_Shi_Weixing_15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing 15 (page does not exist)">FSW-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-20" title="Progress M-20">Progress M-20</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_701" title="Intelsat 701">Intelsat 701</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2265&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2265 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-96" title="USA-96">USA-96</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.40L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.40L (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.40L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2266 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2266</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2267&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2267 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2267</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LMI_AP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LMI AP-1 (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.41L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solidaridad_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solidaridad 2 (page does not exist)">Solidaridad 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteosat_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteosat 6 (page does not exist)">Meteosat 6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-97 (page does not exist)">USA-97</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-98 (page does not exist)">USA-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_401" title="Telstar 401">Telstar 401</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DirecTV-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DirecTV-1 (page does not exist)">DirecTV-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thaicom_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Thaicom 1">Thaicom 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-87 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-87</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).<br /><u>Crewed flights</u> are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-56&oldid=1261215383">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-56&oldid=1261215383</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Category:Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_launched_in_1993" title="Category:Spacecraft launched in 1993">Spacecraft launched in 1993</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_January_2014" title="Category:Use American English from January 2014">Use American English from January 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_November_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from November 2022">Use mdy dates from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 December 2024, at 22:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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