CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134f70f1dfbfce3',cH: 'KEirnxjktVZ2lVz._YMi.HjKjCCRqxzPmUdK21ntdFY-1739786790-1.2.1.1-eIYm32iBKFyxQo3tNvmv7pkBUHGH1fViTwOspphIhk70Cbv2mGNo7c2G375fEXnx',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=time-based%20DNA%20codes&__cf_chl_tk=e1psTGAVx8_n4p5UfMG7DTEXRgz48naozY3qFxezu2Y-1739786790-1.0.1.1-j8UXh5pv0z_4dGVFtp7e4_Uhvc.SiiGNQIBAxMr0UVg",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739786790',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=time-based%20DNA%20codes&__cf_chl_f_tk=e1psTGAVx8_n4p5UfMG7DTEXRgz48naozY3qFxezu2Y-1739786790-1.0.1.1-j8UXh5pv0z_4dGVFtp7e4_Uhvc.SiiGNQIBAxMr0UVg",md: "BVaUEJyQC1tQrrsdSFUFQZHobNLpQ2JxGtjuxykjsQY-1739786790-1.2.1.1-LJ0bzpMFvu3.h68SP1Uc0FbmJSq7MvPBrSveOyiTlNIPJOVd0Ml24zswFstumD25TAbHGWPfCnrhVn8KzifhbQQVtdTEfLslPQsdRGolW8YcJOsPEZpDTsyCtfUlpg378UXrsS_AxbxzG0e94ZcikOWvP25aDYRVnW9e9cXVikRy5f6pzat1C_oXqCZ2c_PlwxVPNa4957ZDXl5Y9UeHMxKeFdMi6Qdq.76.tmKC8QLaPQil7DmGWcZR7HwhWN93aM1j7B30O0hTEK5.s9qbCDR1vOyPpzwIWfhqyUqryw_n3sZkCK0fGpmQebxFqhGEV9nKGZAEPfMau5s1E4urBzY2ezQdq162Chc4F7DdJ4ELDpZr9kJ4p.6fzK2P7qopGNhUB9LfyO4pC98tJjAlPEmWZmUruHUZZNb4LUa.F3UkA1n8UZzc_.kHr4G7HoFnHlPW1BZw7gXYDmBLrIiJTF1jBDHS6qObicFgibw2CCQRxSuZHNDTmeecKVZNx89IH35wjqpko9VdoaNLSoYzKlHVCdRuyhJBzLVCpxWeUnM6uAlVyKV_ViOGWbD7lKXPjzkAnoAY7HIbqF6UJF.2.wGbCbVJ4v5GFTC52zcg9rneHbhBs_Zwq34TRKqfBRSGQsy53JOh8U6lYweWAIBQUAOG_lJ_t3fZ4LkUjg7Ytsgf.fU_wnin8uMSKiTZAfMmxdVV07KzynCkoTLcGVdCLCvBx7aD_VPQ2hbHBLhbOInSn8B5PEJNLIBoscu3h7eq3g0.NdE4WxxNkpwfDAyyyAQlpPtLKhowDb1o51PzGz1dLS4NECuC7pdrdvYu8RS5vrRhFWZ_EmAtoz3roPVVoOKmznkZQlO9TaRX6RVYhpfSFW1y9Pd8trU98bnyw.aYcOc6FPCSxFuCIJRpaWQvnfEMnNiyzbJOKjZaXJ2WDq9ctgUmcPVClv6ono5e8XOJaz2BPzvcwoRfkpSkoOJIUO975jT0YBI7tLAZQ9VdK.B5Fo3RyPR9B8eD8eZismo1IJM4nUi6etRFY.PAOYxMvVVUuj02qxkabK0JcSJ1eTiB4TS6jAQadueMrrUBBxdIJP8NSO30.Z6iEoHKuGseK799pl0kPPK6Upc.Rpkap1XLW_Y36Skw_8edO8yKBfMAVpOcRDzrdfnrRwU3xOBeJ4R_jLfGwYEVCiKIDwc9qKPuUfnxjWX3BC42eP5ZN25DJoS.xjpm48LkWugR1VpdB4atecYSmuP2rDsKd1mWRErTviWH.orj1dOLfGelXUJxtmNsfYc3L8arTneh257v1UhayiFrrZa1MJClj7DslmpRxjNR_FDNv2hVQ.xQeqS6.7elbfrVKvlRw7BWV9yS18XkOzxFtoBJSJF7s_LRCN_._WMWFifVCP70v1dlbB56L9ZFhRFtt8JcfB_YjEezTc_ruHJ.QvRLhybSNBWxEU7i8FLeDTf0jFxi8MiEEd8onbwSPrkjruAWQAQ_9hZHGC64ZSu2iNuiw_q2nJARZazgLFQDqhiVluvf5wSRi4p.dpb4bpF_9AoAdrsMsTB3a1nrqrw0dOtB2Upm7BP_6srYrVqKn1U.BYtLF.0buxDk0DZGMFqm0zTuOgFPZhwFX7mB9T_wp273EAklRzi7aS_uav1qnYBkeAf_taORKTUiPPP4d2y29P6yAHR5FgP3tsy.dSI1An53gH3wmFH24QZLAA.V95NcbmieqPuuhkjD6Zr0tZhYG8cbQrCGujWazLK0cLwwM_qdi2Gw65K6yfXR5UvmrP3oGp9vJVpFqZe0fsnOzhWu4YgIIOSRoaoGJNQQ0jnHIbF0a2yjRE_ooGJ_.in6pRJrS1Jlc2bsw6MvKTLWIP7oDBYaJMbtKzM6G6sLat_LSR_N4kBdAUCZca8AK83mXDAJqiQUwWvmMKOwIESEdyVCTeEVaOraBRQRiFoH5DCq3HQhx1P_NRX4pMgF9nQlgvxlIMS9Ecf4muvH",mdrd: "JjafHyRi9bPTq6oUKN86nt7sPHsYhcX.4wKKFaYWn28-1739786790-1.2.1.1-peEp3SavHDy2ZyAiVfpC4UOAeoUHoXZ5Neh6ddlpq33Zt6GnvEk1YwVIu1w7e97pVuxcrVG4JUKaDYTFZYtHxjmYt21Qbds8EIuym.RnfjkqkdHU6rgqQN4.66DuJ9qs.pTzz51gpRRAb1KfXB8i_mVoUucNG5_CHli0IE11BanPK4fFKcy5D0sbs0sfLaUMQVmcn4rjPUwYUxZekWAX6bxSUIzmcbpeX72GcVXozVJKcgJxBaa2MwM0kPIJTphPgqsWDvklcNlkQGgdLVoJf1gjuJNEaDfrgzqLnNHfqoC5qvIvliJ3mCbxY.b0W4u0xggszzP6BAJc.miaBbfJRssGJXo9cpRXwGO59z_NaPUr.HxHDFoWs3qEsDAkZJbj3FgK65RYAHEs7bherjLXCuFYEM8l4pTahFVadaBYORVMUDfe0EALbYXbhBua2NujB_IColEYPZhrjMvM6n6zaHItevzwrxCBHjXaDxANWXJoo5O_xSzVrGzdKvJXMhcnD6679Ag4deguHV17m168KdSMolVTAKAckYeUDBXrN7Dftg0Ui0KTsYhLYviZqdkj04xSa44UnLG1vRkUU_mIgUxmR4GlktaXb8pl2Nf291DAt5fXYD6wtvYKZKGBfiJbwaXJH3tsI_ouvia1uClIBrRtdsOdbBxlOeUw.Q4ZFQ39IbFfRkCfanZb7j0vB_mQb8YzsO7jBeGVzGn.c_dwfX0aiz1C1aHKqMO7_h_mKl_DSrCZ3OnuN0IDyasWcMjTlHggx_LHyIyx2K8B98ELQU4bOFrEw71neN74Uzwt85Wxov_7E2Z5AAVyRdx46r_0kf9DsTcfEpG2JlrhKq_WsRlfnV6UOaN89aRxoYEP2y7ZqTedLakt0618XGgqmCJ4eDC8AQbaygp80yb6ll2RoyaGJANkwB4XUSNVFjykUzQYK8D1WuTYYhaYT9c78EPHNAyjgxC4WaQpNAC6NhPS9ZeZokBvRiEU6eD0TWmEfQU5sASUaAAfNFaa0ZyxGayHFs8umxovwOLEWZUFBLCScBFPC.ta.EZK.b2Z9PRExOKfQ4Y0re9AiUBMlMGRegIReK019m2htwdMjFqWcnbVJznZ3CWw3MtZn.e8N8FXwa5EYnhF0qXBb2rTRavRFqcLjhZPZONTB3i0e0JpCwjo_V6Xo_lICi.U7liGxHVYpns2pcVPMCFSol8H5EZD1RfMAyzH.KgkFAJiVP5rhzJHnqmaBGJKI4UuywFVwTW8L0anMNEStUchozS6TJoFQnbC2.aB24U4ZIYsgSZHiqIqw4bue3RGFLDbkl_Jaadnh4FJFYa6kgXlzYqpdldcSYShiJiiWnvUYg6Sy2JEhPxoEWUtJlEbVWycJUNQ1vxeDIC7nHZtdpFtPQJP5Fw3LoMpNi4vXL0mVBIm1lDdwHx.dee6Ly.07fpCwRbK5rpLvcglOgTH1VEngY569I27gpVQy.JN5xZK82WETcgCmQoLYbqKH8pYomZfNloW69QriH6Qpvzilc.t42RxF5u2t5EqPCZUrPMgcgVuNQK.quzwZVLYn29_5MiX2ocbdIm4i.kUWqaaSZycs4RsG2AiRPMBsCYfDs7aLbR6Le6yfPfdnU1i7uHRChIPcGEL8ypI9e2xNc.63dfVtuXfvFsEUL9O4N4OsSikaajKV1Xqj07bpcaZ.zZIhACdcH11GHuaqM7R0Z9Shwr7XYe5UUxQGgbeXRiVdw0gYOenH9EfFJ3VpLnv903lsyoJ7fbg2daYAmX6Z0vhA1pHsMCIugVua1jHVxASMYYrNk5GNDJ4AXGPE4gEDmGy883iWa0_mbXK3KcCq50YTwbelCFREN_c.27Il03o968Ogmg8f_fOuM96TmwIllRDlpQd4DyJbVuW5K1oJzmlkIsxNax5LCcGBBsT6VTuzdTi9YFPCoczkchoOkVxAf4eccVFPj0s9tNmD0J8A5DyqARXaURpLbWPZ1Jz"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134f70f1dfbfce3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=time-based%20DNA%20codes&__cf_chl_rt_tk=e1psTGAVx8_n4p5UfMG7DTEXRgz48naozY3qFxezu2Y-1739786790-1.0.1.1-j8UXh5pv0z_4dGVFtp7e4_Uhvc.SiiGNQIBAxMr0UVg" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>