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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ownership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ownership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ownership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Growth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restructuring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restructuring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Restructuring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restructuring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senior_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senior_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Senior leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Senior_leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Senior leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Senior_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_former_chairmen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_former_chairmen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>List of former chairmen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_former_chairmen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_former_chief_executives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_former_chief_executives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>List of former chief executives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_former_chief_executives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Facilities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Facilities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Testing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Testing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Testing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Testing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Acquisitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divestment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divestment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Divestment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Divestment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Divestment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Divestment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energy_gas_turbine_and_compressor_business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_gas_turbine_and_compressor_business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Energy gas turbine and compressor business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_gas_turbine_and_compressor_business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_marine_business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_marine_business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Commercial marine business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_marine_business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuclear_services_businesses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuclear_services_businesses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Nuclear services businesses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuclear_services_businesses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Major sales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corruption_allegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corruption_allegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Corruption allegations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corruption_allegations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corruption allegations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corruption_allegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alleged_defects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_defects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Alleged defects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_defects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Settlement_with_SFO" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settlement_with_SFO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Settlement with SFO</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settlement_with_SFO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Products</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Products-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Products subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aerospace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aerospace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Aerospace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aerospace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Turbojets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turbojets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.1</span> <span>Turbojets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turbojets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turbofans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turbofans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.2</span> <span>Turbofans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turbofans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turboshafts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turboshafts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.3</span> <span>Turboshafts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turboshafts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turboprops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turboprops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.4</span> <span>Turboprops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turboprops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rocket_engines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rocket_engines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.5</span> <span>Rocket engines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rocket_engines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Marine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gas_turbines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gas_turbines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.1</span> <span>Gas turbines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gas_turbines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Propulsion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propulsion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.2</span> <span>Propulsion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propulsion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Submarine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submarine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.3</span> <span>Submarine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submarine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stabilisers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stabilisers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.4</span> <span>Stabilisers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stabilisers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rolls-Royce Holdings</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B6%D8%A9" title="رولز رويس القابضة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رولز رويس القابضة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce" title="Rolls-Royce – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rolls-Royce" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82" title="رولز-رویس هولدینق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رولز-رویس هولدینق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce" title="Rolls-Royce – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rolls-Royce" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Group" title="Rolls-Royce Group – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rolls-Royce Group" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2" title="رولز-رویس هلدینگز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رولز-رویس هلدینگز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_(entreprise)" title="Rolls-Royce (entreprise) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rolls-Royce (entreprise)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%A4%EC%8A%A4%EB%A1%9C%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_%ED%99%80%EB%94%A9%EC%8A%A4" title="롤스로이스 홀딩스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="롤스로이스 홀딩스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Group" title="Rolls-Royce Group – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rolls-Royce Group" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B9" title="ロールス・ロイス・ホールディングス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロールス・ロイス・ホールディングス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rolls-Royce Holdings" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_plc" title="Rolls-Royce plc – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rolls-Royce plc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li 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title="Rolls-Royce plc">Rolls-Royce plc</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British multinational aerospace and defence company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Rolls-Royce aircraft engine and power systems business and ownership since 1987. For previous owners, see <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce Limited</a>. For the present day manufacturers of Rolls-Royce automobiles, not to be confused with the aircraft company, see <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Motor_Cars" title="Rolls-Royce Motor Cars">Rolls-Royce Motor Cars</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce" title="Rolls-Royce">Rolls-Royce</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Rolls-Royce Holdings plc</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/120px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/180px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/240px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Rolls-Royce</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_limited_company" title="Public limited company">Public limited company</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">LSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/RR.//">RR.</a><br /><a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Component</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number" title="International Securities Identification Number">ISIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB00B63H8491 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243278?uselang=en#P946" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace" title="Aerospace">Aerospace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">Defence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">Energy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_propulsion" title="Marine propulsion">Marine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Rolls-Royce Group plc</li><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce plc</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><i>Partnership</i>: 23 December 1904<span class="noprint">; 120 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1904-12-23</span>)</span></li><li><i>Business</i>: 15 March 1906<span class="noprint">; 118 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1906-03-15</span>)</span>, in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, England</li><li><i>Company</i>: incorporated 10 February 2011<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2011-02-10</span>)</span>, transition completed 23 May 2011<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2011-05-23</span>)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rolls" title="Charles Rolls">Charles Rolls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Royce" title="Henry Royce">Henry Royce</a> (as <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce Limited</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Kings_Place" title="Kings Place">Kings Place</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England, United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Anita_Frew" title="Anita Frew">Anita Frew</a> (Chairperson)<br />Tufan Erginbilgic (CEO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Civil and military aero engines</li><li>Marine propulsion systems</li><li>Power generation equipment</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>16,486 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-results_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> £1,944 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-results_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> £2,404 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-results_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> £31,512 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-results_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> £(3,629) million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-results_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">50,000 (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Subsidiaries include:</li><li>Rolls-Royce plc</li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Deutschland" title="Rolls-Royce Deutschland">Rolls-Royce Deutschland</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_North_America" title="Rolls-Royce North America">Rolls-Royce North America</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_India_Private_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce India Private Limited">Rolls-Royce India Private Limited</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Submarines" title="Rolls-Royce Submarines">Rolls-Royce Submarines</a></li><li>- Vinters Engineering Limited</li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Controls_and_Data_Services" title="Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services">Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Power_Systems" title="Rolls-Royce Power Systems">Rolls-Royce Power Systems</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_SMR" title="Rolls-Royce SMR">Rolls-Royce SMR</a></li><li>Joint ventures include:</li><li>- <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Turbomeca_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Turbomeca Limited">Rolls-Royce Turbomeca</a></li><li>- <a href="/wiki/MTU_Turbomeca_Rolls-Royce" title="MTU Turbomeca Rolls-Royce">MTU Turbomeca Rolls-Royce</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rolls-royce.com">rolls-royce<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rolls-Royce Holdings plc</b> is a British <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> aerospace and defence company incorporated in February 2011. The company owns Rolls-Royce, a business established in 1904 which today designs, manufactures and distributes power systems for aviation and other industries. Rolls-Royce is the world's second-largest maker of <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engine" title="Aircraft engine">aircraft engines</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (after <a href="/wiki/CFM_International" title="CFM International">CFM International</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has major businesses in the <a href="/wiki/Marine_propulsion" title="Marine propulsion">marine propulsion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Energy_industry" title="Energy industry">energy sectors</a>. </p><p>Rolls-Royce was the world's 16th largest <a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">defence contractor</a> in 2018 when measured by defence revenues.<sup id="cite_ref-DN2018_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DN2018-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company is also the world's fourth largest commercial aircraft engine manufacturer, with a 12% market share as of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is listed on the London Stock Exchange, where it is a constituent of the <a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Index</a>. At the close of London trading on 11 February 2025, the company had a <a href="/wiki/Market_capitalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Market capitalisation">market capitalisation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pounds_sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds sterling">£</a>52.66bn, the 11th-largest of any company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company's <a href="/wiki/Registered_office" title="Registered office">registered office</a> is at <a href="/wiki/Kings_Place" title="Kings Place">Kings Place</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Kings_Cross,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings Cross, London">Kings Cross</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ownership">Ownership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rolls-Royce grew from the engineering business of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Royce" title="Henry Royce">Henry Royce</a>, which was established in 1884 and ten years later began to manufacture dynamos and electric cranes. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Rolls" title="Charles Rolls">Charles Rolls</a> established a separate business with Royce in 1904 because Royce had developed a range of cars which Rolls wanted to sell. A corporate owner was incorporated in 1906 with the name <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce Limited</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1971 the same company, Rolls-Royce Limited, entered voluntary liquidation because it was unable to meet its financial obligations. It remains in existence today, still in liquidation. Its business and assets were bought by the government using a company created for the purpose named Rolls-Royce (1971) Limited. <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Motors" title="Rolls-Royce Motors">Rolls-Royce Motors</a> was separated out in 1973. Rolls-Royce (1971) Limited currently carries on the business under the name Rolls-Royce plc.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rolls-Royce plc returned to the stock market in 1987 under the government of <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>. In 2003 ownership of Rolls-Royce plc was passed to Rolls-Royce Group plc. In the same way, Rolls-Royce Group plc passed ownership on 23 May 2011 to Rolls-Royce Holdings plc.<sup id="cite_ref-R-RAR2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R-RAR2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout these corporate changes Rolls-Royce plc has remained the principal trading company.<sup id="cite_ref-R-RAR2011_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R-RAR2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth">Growth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Growth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1980s saw the introduction of a policy to offer an engine fitment on a much wider range of civil aircraft types, with the company's engines now powering 17 different airliners (and their variants) compared to <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a>'s 14 and <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney" title="Pratt & Whitney">Pratt & Whitney</a>'s 10.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The civil engines business represents the company's main area of growth. Between 2010 and 2018, Rolls-Royce invested £11 billion in facilities and <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">R&D</a> and launched six new civil engines including the <a href="/wiki/Trent_XWB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent XWB">Trent XWB</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Pearl" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Pearl">Pearl</a> 15 for the business aviation market. It secured orders for 2,700 engines for <a href="/wiki/Wide-body" class="mw-redirect" title="Wide-body">wide-body</a> aircraft and <a href="/wiki/Business_jet" title="Business jet">business jets</a>. It expects to produce over 600 wide-body engines a year and should power over half of the world's wide-body fleet within a few years, up from 22% a decade before.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolls14jun2018_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolls14jun2018-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, Rolls-Royce entered into an agreement for $3.52 million of funding with the <a href="/wiki/UK_Space_Agency" title="UK Space Agency">UK Space Agency</a> for the creation of a nuclear reactor on the moon. The project is intended to provide power for space missions.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restructuring">Restructuring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Restructuring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014 and 2015, Rolls-Royce issued at least four profit warnings due to US defence cuts, a downturn in the offshore oil and gas market and its civil aerospace business, the company initiated job cuts of over 3,000 in response.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rolls-Royce had been selling many of its aero-engines in combination with long-term service contracts. Even though the company booked profits in part with the delivery of the engine, actual payments only came in over time. Between 2003 and 2015, it sold a majority of its engines with these “TotalCare” contracts.<sup id="cite_ref-newCFO_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newCFO-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company announced it would no longer be able to move its revenues forward from its long-term service contracts to compensate for its contracts being unprofitable in the early stages after the introduction of <a href="/wiki/International_Financial_Reporting_Standards" title="International Financial Reporting Standards">IFRS</a> 15 in 2018 and its profits for 2015 would have been £900m lower than the £1.4bn it reported if it had followed the <a href="/wiki/IFRS_15" title="IFRS 15">new accounting standard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2017 Rolls-Royce posted its largest ever pre-tax loss of £4.6 billion; This included a £4.4 billion <a href="/wiki/Writedown" class="mw-redirect" title="Writedown">writedown</a> on financial hedges that the company uses to protect itself against currency fluctuations, and a £671 million penalty to settle bribery and corruption charges with the <a href="/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)">Serious Fraud Office</a> (SFO), the US Department of Justice, and Brazilian authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 June 2018 the company announced a restructuring of the business to create three simpler <a href="/wiki/Decentralised" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralised">decentralised</a> units (<a href="/wiki/Aerospace" title="Aerospace">civil aerospace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defense_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense (military)">defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Power_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Power system">power systems</a>), to rationalise <a href="/wiki/Back_office" title="Back office">back office</a> functions and to remove <a href="/wiki/Middle_management" title="Middle management">middle management</a> functions. The <a href="/wiki/Cost_saving" class="mw-redirect" title="Cost saving">cost savings</a> should amount to £400 million per year by 2020, with an up-front restructuring cost of £500 million. Some 4,600 people<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are likely to leave the business out of 55,000 employed worldwide, 3,000 job losses from the UK and the rest from elsewhere in the world<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (15,700 of the employees work in <a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a> and 10,300 work elsewhere in the United Kingdom).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters14jun2018_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters14jun2018-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2018 Rolls-Royce announced it was taking a charge of £554 million to cover faults with some <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_1000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 1000">Trent 1000 engines</a> on <a href="/wiki/Boeing_787_Dreamliner" title="Boeing 787 Dreamliner">Boeing 787 Dreamliners</a>. Rather than going thousands of hours between inspections, the faults with turbine blades mean the engines currently require inspection every 300 hours of flight. In the same announcement Rolls-Royce said it would spend £450m fixing faults on the Trent 1000 in 2018, £450m in 2019 and £350m in 2020, with the work complete by 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2020, the company announced its intention to cut 20% of its workforce (approximately 9,000 staff) worldwide as a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 3,000 job losses were expected in the UK, half of them in Derby.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-03Jun2020_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-03Jun2020-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2021, Rolls-Royce started talks concerning an operational shutdown of its civil aerospace unit that might last for two weeks due to the impact of Covid-19 and its restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rolls-Royce announced, in October 2023, that it would cut 2,500 jobs, or 6 per cent of its total workforce.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senior_leadership">Senior leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Senior leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chairman: <a href="/wiki/Anita_Frew" title="Anita Frew">Anita Frew</a> (since October 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chief Executive: Tufan Erginbilgic (since January 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_former_chairmen">List of former chairmen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of former chairmen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Robertson" title="Simon Robertson">Sir Simon Robertson</a> (2011–2013)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Davis_(businessman)" title="Ian Davis (businessman)">Sir Ian Davis</a> (2013–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_former_chief_executives">List of former chief executives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: List of former chief executives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/John_Rishton" title="John Rishton">John Rishton</a> (2011–2015)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_East" title="Warren East">Warren East</a> (2013–2022)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rauman_satama_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rauman_satama_1.jpg/220px-Rauman_satama_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rauman_satama_1.jpg/330px-Rauman_satama_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rauman_satama_1.jpg/440px-Rauman_satama_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2640" /></a><figcaption>STX Europe dockyard where the Rolls-Royce plant is located at <a href="/wiki/Rauma,_Finland" title="Rauma, Finland">Rauma, Finland</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Testing">Testing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Testing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rolls-Royce's £90 million <a href="/wiki/Test_bed" class="mw-redirect" title="Test bed">test bed</a> 80 is the largest of its kind, sized for engines of up to 140,000 lbf (620 kN) of thrust.<sup id="cite_ref-AvWeek10may2019_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AvWeek10may2019-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Design started in 2017, construction began in 2018 and it should be commissioned by mid-2020. The 80,730 sq ft (7,500 m<sup>2</sup>) facility is 426.5 ft (130.0 m) long, has a 95 ft (29 m) tall intake tower and a 123 ft (37 m) tall exhaust stack. Built from 3,450 tons of steel and 27,000 m<sup>3</sup> (950,000 cu ft) of concrete, it has a 49 by 49 ft (15 by 15 m) tall and wide enclosed space and it can handle a 66 tons engine including its carrier.<sup id="cite_ref-AvWeek10may2019_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AvWeek10may2019-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company completed its first engine run on the new test bed in July 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/X-ray" title="X-ray">X-ray</a> imaging allows to visualize the position of seals and clearances in real time while an engine is running. While it was retrofitted on Rolls' test bed 57, test bed 80 is the first to be purpose-designed for <a href="/wiki/Industrial_radiography" title="Industrial radiography">industrial radiography</a>. To protect from external X-ray, 30 cm (11.8 in.) of <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, double walls are up to 8.9 ft. (2.7 m) thick (a 5.6-ft. interior wall and 3.3-ft. exterior wall) and provide acoustic insulation. Canadian prime contractor MDS Aero Support is responsible for design and management, test systems supply, engine adapters, support systems and data acquisition and control while construction is done by <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Group" title="Buckingham Group">Buckingham Group</a> Contracting.<sup id="cite_ref-AvWeek10may2019_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AvWeek10may2019-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acquisitions">Acquisitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Acquisitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Northern Engineering Industries / broken up and sold</dt></dl> <p>In 1988, Rolls-Royce acquired <a href="/wiki/Northern_Engineering_Industries" title="Northern Engineering Industries">Northern Engineering Industries</a> (NEI), based in the <a href="/wiki/North_East_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="North East of England">North East of England</a>, a group of heavy engineering companies mainly associated with electrical generation and power management. The group included <a href="/wiki/Clarke_Chapman" title="Clarke Chapman">Clarke Chapman</a> (cranes), <a href="/wiki/A._Reyrolle_%26_Company" title="A. Reyrolle & Company">Reyrolle</a> (now part of <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens</a>) and <a href="/wiki/C._A._Parsons_and_Company" title="C. A. Parsons and Company">Parsons</a> (now part of <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens steam turbines</a>). The company was renamed Rolls-Royce Industrial Power Group. It was sold off piecemeal over the next decade as the company re-focused on its core aero-engine operations following the recession of the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Allison Engine Company/Rolls-Royce Corporation</dt></dl> <p>On 21 November 1994, Rolls-Royce announced its intention to acquire the <a href="/wiki/Allison_Engine_Company" title="Allison Engine Company">Allison Engine Company</a>, an American manufacturer of gas turbines and components for aviation, industrial and marine engines.<sup id="cite_ref-lazalli_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lazalli-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two companies had a technical association dating back to the Second World War. Rolls-Royce had previously tried to buy the company when <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> sold it in 1993, but GM opted for a management buyout instead for $370 million. Owing to Allison's involvement in classified and export restricted technology, the 1994 acquisition was subject to investigation to determine the national security implications.<sup id="cite_ref-ashopen_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ashopen-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 March 1995, the US Department of Defense announced that the <i>"deal between Allison Engine Co. and Rolls-Royce does not endanger national security."</i><sup id="cite_ref-rrA_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rrA-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rolls-Royce was, however, obliged to set up a <a href="/wiki/Proxy_board" title="Proxy board">proxy board</a> to manage Allison and had also to set up a separate company, <a href="/wiki/Allison_Advanced_Development_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Allison Advanced Development Company">Allison Advanced Development Company, Inc.</a>, to manage classified programmes <i>"that involve leading-edge technologies"</i> such as the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Strike_Fighter_programme" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Strike Fighter programme">Joint Strike Fighter programme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rrA_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rrA-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, this restriction was replaced by a more flexible <a href="/wiki/Special_Security_Arrangement" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Security Arrangement">Special Security Arrangement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lorellglobal_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lorellglobal-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, Rolls-Royce and its <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_LiftSystem" title="Rolls-Royce LiftSystem">LiftSystem</a> was among the group that won the JSF contract for the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">F-35</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bolkwin_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bolkwin-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Allison acquisition, at $525 million (equivalent to £328 million),<sup id="cite_ref-lazalli_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lazalli-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> brought four new engine types into the Rolls-Royce civil engine portfolio on seven platforms and several light aircraft applications. Allison is now known as <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Corporation">Rolls-Royce Corporation</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_North_America" title="Rolls-Royce North America">Rolls-Royce North America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Vickers/Vinters</dt></dl> <p>In 1999 Rolls-Royce acquired <a href="/wiki/Vickers_plc" title="Vickers plc">Vickers plc</a> for its marine businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The portion retained is now Vinters Engineering Limited. Rolls-Royce sold Vickers Defence Systems (the other major Vickers area of business) to <a href="/wiki/Alvis_plc" title="Alvis plc">Alvis plc</a> in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>BMW joint venture / Rolls-Royce Deutschland</dt></dl> <p>Rolls-Royce has established a leading position in the corporate and <a href="/wiki/Regional_airline" title="Regional airline">regional airline</a> sector through the development of the Tay engine, the Allison acquisition and the consolidation of the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Deutschland" title="Rolls-Royce Deutschland">BMW Rolls-Royce</a> joint venture. In 1999, BMW Rolls-Royce was renamed Rolls-Royce Deutschland and became a 100% owned subsidiary of Rolls-Royce plc.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>SAIC joint venture / Optimized Systems and Solutions</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Optimized_Systems_and_Solutions" title="Optimized Systems and Solutions">Optimized Systems and Solutions Limited</a> (formerly known as Data Systems & Solutions) was founded in 1999 as a joint venture between Rolls-Royce plc and <a href="/wiki/Science_Applications_International_Corporation" title="Science Applications International Corporation">Science Applications International Corporation</a> (SAIC). In early 2006, SAIC exited the joint venture agreement, making Rolls-Royce plc the sole owner.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Tognum joint venture with Daimler / Rolls-Royce Power Systems Holding GmbH</dt></dl> <p>In March 2011, Rolls-Royce and <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">Daimler AG</a> launched a $4.2 billion public tender offer for 100 per cent of the share capital of <a href="/wiki/Tognum" class="mw-redirect" title="Tognum">Tognum AG</a>, the owner of <a href="/wiki/MTU_Friedrichshafen" title="MTU Friedrichshafen">MTU Friedrichshafen</a> – a leading high-speed industrial and marine diesel engine manufacturer, which was completed using a 50:50 joint venture company.<sup id="cite_ref-independent100311_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent100311-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rolls-Royce and Daimler AG intend that the joint venture company, which also now incorporates Rolls-Royce's existing Bergen engine business, is listed on the <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Stock_Exchange" title="Frankfurt Stock Exchange">Frankfurt Stock Exchange</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-independent100311_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent100311-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Aero Engine Controls / Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services</dt></dl> <p>Following the acquisition of Goodrich by <a href="/wiki/United_Technologies_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Technologies Corporation">United Technologies Corporation</a> in July 2012, Rolls-Royce announced it would purchase Goodrich's 50% share of <a href="/wiki/Aero_Engine_Controls" title="Aero Engine Controls">Aero Engine Controls</a> to become wholly owned by Rolls-Royce.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the June 2019 <a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a>, Rolls-Royce announced its acquisition of Siemens' electric propulsion branch (while they are partners on the <a href="/wiki/E-Fan_X" class="mw-redirect" title="E-Fan X">E-Fan X</a> demonstrator), to be completed in late 2019, employing 180 in Germany and Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Divestment">Divestment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Divestment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy_gas_turbine_and_compressor_business">Energy gas turbine and compressor business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Energy gas turbine and compressor business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2014, Rolls-Royce sold its energy gas turbine and compressor business to Siemens for £785 million.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_marine_business">Commercial marine business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Commercial marine business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2018, Rolls-Royce sold its commercial marine business to <a href="/wiki/Kongsberg_Gruppen" title="Kongsberg Gruppen">Kongsberg</a> for £500 million.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_services_businesses">Nuclear services businesses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Nuclear services businesses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2019, Rolls-Royce agreed to sell its civil nuclear services businesses in the U.S., Canada, Mondragon France, and Gateshead UK to the <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Company" title="Westinghouse Electric Company">Westinghouse Electric Company</a> for an undisclosed sum. These businesses had a revenue of $70 million and about 500 employees in 2018. Rolls-Royce is keeping its nuclear new build and <a href="/wiki/Small_modular_reactor" title="Small modular reactor">small modular reactor</a> (SMR) business in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-wnn-20190927_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wnn-20190927-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2020, the company announced plans to build up to 16 <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_SMR" title="Rolls-Royce SMR">Rolls-Royce SMR</a> nuclear plants across the UK, continuing its nuclear division operations.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2020 Rolls-Royce announced it would sell other foreign parts of its civil nuclear instrumentation and control business to <a href="/wiki/Framatome" title="Framatome">Framatome</a> as part of its post-COVID recovery plan, completing the deal involving over 550 employees in November 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-nei-20201209_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nei-20201209-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nei-20211109_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nei-20211109-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_sales">Major sales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Major sales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Airbus A380</dt></dl> <p>In 1996, Rolls-Royce and <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a> signed a <a href="/wiki/Memorandum_of_understanding" title="Memorandum of understanding">memorandum of understanding</a>, specifying the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_900" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 900">Trent 900</a> as the engine of choice for the then A3XX, now the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A380" title="Airbus A380">Airbus A380</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Engine_Alliance_GP7000" title="Engine Alliance GP7000">Engine Alliance GP7000</a> would ultimately also be offered as an option on the A380.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2006, Rolls-Royce suspended production of its <a href="/wiki/Trent_900" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent 900">Trent 900</a> engine because of delays by Airbus on the delivery of the <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A380" title="Airbus A380">A380</a> superjumbo. Rolls-Royce announced in October 2007 that production of the Trent 900 had been restarted after a twelve-month suspension caused by delays to the A380.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Rolls-Royce faced scrutiny after high profile incidents involving the Trent 900. One of the engines suffered a partial power loss during a <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> flight in February 2011. This followed an incident in November 2010 in which an engine disintegrated in flight causing <a href="/wiki/Qantas_Flight_32" title="Qantas Flight 32">Qantas Flight 32</a> to make an emergency landing in Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft was extensively damaged and the airline grounded its fleet of A380s. The problem was traced to a fatigue crack in an oil pipe requiring the replacement of some engines and modifications to the design.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trent-powered A380s operated by <a href="/wiki/Lufthansa" title="Lufthansa">Lufthansa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Airlines" title="Singapore Airlines">Singapore Airlines</a> were also affected. Qantas gradually returned its A380s to service over several months. In June 2011 the airline announced it had agreed to compensation of AU$95m (US$100m) from Rolls-Royce.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 April 2015, it was announced that Rolls-Royce had received its largest order to date worth £6.1bn ($9.2bn) to supply engines for 50 Emirates A380 planes.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aw2015-04-17_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aw2015-04-17-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Boeing 787</dt></dl> <p>On 6 April 2004, <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a> announced that it had selected both Rolls-Royce and General Electric to power its new 787. Rolls-Royce submitted the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_1000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 1000">Trent 1000</a>, a further development of that series.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Airbus A350XWB</dt></dl> <p>In July 2006, Rolls-Royce reached an agreement to supply a new version of the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_1000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 1000">Trent 1000</a> for the revised <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A350XWB" class="mw-redirect" title="Airbus A350XWB">Airbus A350XWB</a> jetliner. As of July 2015, over 1,500 engines of this type have been supplied to 40 customers.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Panavia Tornado, Eurofighter Typhoon and Lightning II</dt></dl> <p>On the military side, Rolls-Royce, in co-operation with other European manufacturers, has been a major contractor for the <a href="/wiki/Turbo-Union_RB199" title="Turbo-Union RB199">RB199</a> which in several variants powers the <a href="/wiki/Panavia_Tornado" title="Panavia Tornado">Panavia Tornado</a>, and also for the <a href="/wiki/Eurojet_EJ200" title="Eurojet EJ200">EJ200</a> engine for the <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a>. Rolls-Royce has matured the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_LiftSystem" title="Rolls-Royce LiftSystem">Rolls-Royce LiftSystem</a> invented by <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> for the F-35 Lightning II to production level; The F-35 is planned to be produced in significant numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Air China</dt></dl> <p>At the 2005 <a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a>, Rolls-Royce secured in excess of $1 billion worth of orders. The firm received $800m worth of orders from <a href="/wiki/Air_China" title="Air China">Air China</a> to supply its 20 <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A330" title="Airbus A330">Airbus A330</a> jets.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Qatar Airways</dt></dl> <p>On 18 June 2007, Rolls-Royce announced at the 2007 Paris Air Show that it had signed a large contract with <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Airways</a> for the Trent XWB to power 80 A350s on order from Airbus worth $5.6 billion at list prices.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Emirates airlines</dt></dl> <p>On 11 November 2007, Rolls-Royce announced at the <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Airshow" title="Dubai Airshow">Dubai Airshow</a> that it had signed its largest ever contract with <a href="/wiki/Emirates_(airline)" title="Emirates (airline)">Emirates</a> for Trent XWBs to power 50 A350-900 and 20 A350-1000 aircraft with 50 option rights. Due to be delivered from 2014, the order is potentially worth up to 8.4 billion US Dollars at list prices.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 November 2007, Rolls-Royce announced plans to build its first Asian aero engine facility in the <a href="/wiki/Seletar_Aerospace_Park" title="Seletar Aerospace Park">Seletar Aerospace Park</a>, Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The $562m (£355m) plant complements its existing facility at Derby by concentrating on the assembly and testing of large civil engines, including Trent 1000 and Trent XWB. Productivity will be higher than at Derby, as the plant is fully integrated, as opposed to manufacturing occurring across five sites in the UK: a Trent 900 will take only 14 days to manufacture, as opposed to 20 in the UK. Originally expected to provide employment for 330 people,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the start of production in 2012, 1,600 employees were based in Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Nuclear submarines</dt></dl> <p>In May 2012, <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Marine_Power_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations">Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations</a> won a Ministry of Defence contract worth more than £400 million for the integration of the reactor design, the <a href="/wiki/PWR3" class="mw-redirect" title="PWR3">PWR3</a>, for UK's <a href="/wiki/British_replacement_of_the_Trident_system" class="mw-redirect" title="British replacement of the Trident system">next generation nuclear-armed submarines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2023, Rolls-Royce announced that Rolls-Royce Submarines Limited will provide nuclear reactors for the <a href="/wiki/SSN-AUKUS" title="SSN-AUKUS">SSN-AUKUS</a> class of submarines for both the Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To support the SSN-AUKUS programme, Rolls-Royce announced it would double the size of the Rolls-Royce Submarines LTD site in Raynesway, Derby creating 1,170 jobs in the process<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corruption_allegations">Corruption allegations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Corruption allegations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rolls-Royce has been accused numerous times of corrupt practices and <a href="/wiki/Bribery" title="Bribery">bribery</a>. </p><p>In 2014, facing allegations of bribery in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Sudhir_Choudhrie" title="Sudhir Choudhrie">Sudhir Choudhrie</a> affair, Rolls-Royce offered to return money to the Indian government.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)">Serious Fraud Office</a> (SFO) also investigated allegations of bribery in Indonesia and China.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2015 Rolls-Royce was accused of bribing an employee of Brazil's state-controlled oil company to win a $100 million contract to provide gas turbines for oil platforms.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2016 a joint <i>Guardian</i> and BBC investigation alleged widespread corruption by Rolls-Royce through middlemen in foreign countries including Brazil, India, China, Indonesia, South Africa, Angola, Iraq, Iran, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia. Rolls-Royce became subject to a major SFO investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_defects">Alleged defects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Alleged defects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013 media reported allegations from two American ex-employees that thousands of the company's new <a href="/wiki/Jet_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Jet engines">jet engines</a> were assembled with used parts.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlement_with_SFO">Settlement with SFO</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Settlement with SFO"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2017 Rolls-Royce came to an agreement with the SFO to pay £671 million under a <a href="/wiki/Deferred_prosecution_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Deferred prosecution agreement">deferred prosecution agreement</a> to avoid prosecution for bribery to obtain export contracts.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian-20170117_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-20170117-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bbc-20170117_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20170117-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of this agreement, a $170 million fine was paid to US authorities to end a bribery investigation,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $25 million to the Brazilian authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian-20170117_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-20170117-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequent to the settlement, <i><a href="/wiki/Private_Eye" title="Private Eye">Private Eye</a></i> reported that some of Rolls-Royce's contracts under the scope of the SFO investigation had been supported by the British government's <a href="/wiki/UK_Export_Finance" title="UK Export Finance">UK Export Finance</a> department, using taxpayers' money. The government department underwrote multimillion-pound liabilities under Rolls-Royce contracts secured with the help of bribes and "facilitation" commissions. It has also been highlighted in the press that Rolls-Royce's auditor since 1995, <a href="/wiki/KPMG" title="KPMG">KPMG</a>, had failed to identify any corrupt practices throughout the 1990s and 2000s. This is notable considering judge <a href="/wiki/Brian_Leveson" title="Brian Leveson">Brian Leveson</a>'s statement that Rolls-Royce's offending was "multi-jurisdictional, numerous", "persistent and spanned from 1989 until 2013", and it "involved substantial funds being made available to fund bribe payments".<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of August 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a> consists of:<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Sir Ian Davis, Chairman</li> <li>Warren East, Chief Executive</li> <li>Panos Kakoullis, Chief Financial Officer</li> <li>Paul Adams, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>George Culmer, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Irene Dorner, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Anita Frew, Independent Non-Executive Director and Chair Designate</li> <li>Beverly Goulet, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Lee Hsien Yang, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Nick Luff, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Sir Kevin Smith, Senior Independent Director</li> <li>Dame Angela Strank, Independent Non-Executive Director</li> <li>Pamela Coles, Company Secretary and Chief Governance Officer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympus_593_AB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_593_AB.jpg/220px-Olympus_593_AB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_593_AB.jpg/330px-Olympus_593_AB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_593_AB.jpg/440px-Olympus_593_AB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="2020" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce/Snecma_Olympus_593" title="Rolls-Royce/Snecma Olympus 593">Olympus 593</a> powered the <a href="/wiki/Concorde" title="Concorde">Concorde</a> supersonic transport.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conway_RCo_17_(26856340848).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg/220px-Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg/330px-Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg/440px-Conway_RCo_17_%2826856340848%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3847" data-file-height="2695" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Conway" title="Rolls-Royce Conway">Conway</a> was the first <a href="/wiki/Turbofan" title="Turbofan">turbofan</a> to enter service.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_(28135065767).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg/220px-Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg/330px-Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg/440px-Bristol_Siddeley_Pegasus_%2828135065767%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Pegasus" title="Rolls-Royce Pegasus">Pegasus</a> with <a href="/wiki/Thrust_vectoring" title="Thrust vectoring">vectored thrust</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Harrier_jump_jet" title="Harrier jump jet">Harrier jump jet</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan,_ILA_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg/220px-Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg/330px-Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg/440px-Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB_Fan%2C_ILA_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4141" data-file-height="4175" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/A350" class="mw-redirect" title="A350">A350</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Trent_XWB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent XWB">Trent XWB</a> is Rolls-Royce largest engine.</figcaption></figure> <p>Rolls-Royce's aerospace business makes commercial and military <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbine</a> engines for military, civil, and corporate aircraft customers worldwide. In the United States, the company makes engines for regional and corporate jets, <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopters</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> aircraft. Rolls-Royce also constructs and installs power <a href="/wiki/Electrical_generator" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical generator">generation</a> systems. Its core gas turbine technology has created one of the broadest product ranges of aero-engines in the world, with 50,000 engines in service with 500 airlines, 2,400 corporate and utility operators and more than 100 armed forces, powering both <a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">fixed-</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">rotary-wing aircraft</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Marine_Power_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations">Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations</a> (a subsidiary company) manufactures and tests <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reactor" title="Nuclear reactor">nuclear reactors</a> for <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Naval</a> <a href="/wiki/Submarines" class="mw-redirect" title="Submarines">submarines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aerospace">Aerospace</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Aerospace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2019, Rolls-Royce delivered 510 <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Trent</a> powerplants, while 5,029 large engines were installed, including 32% <a href="/wiki/Trent_700" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent 700">Trent 700s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/Business_jet" title="Business jet">business jets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Market_niche" class="mw-redirect" title="Market niche">market niches</a> is a $2 billion annual investment, for a predicted market of 8,500 to 9,000 aircraft over the 2020 decade.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turbojets">Turbojets</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Turbojets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Avon" title="Rolls-Royce Avon">Rolls-Royce Avon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Viper" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Viper">Rolls-Royce Viper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce/Snecma_Olympus_593" title="Rolls-Royce/Snecma Olympus 593">Rolls-Royce/Snecma Olympus 593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB162" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce RB162">Rolls-Royce RB162</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turbofans">Turbofans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Turbofans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurojet_EJ200" title="Eurojet EJ200">Eurojet EJ200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric/Rolls-Royce_F136" title="General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136">General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136</a> (not developed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Aero_Engines_V2500" class="mw-redirect" title="International Aero Engines V2500">International Aero Engines V2500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_AE_3007" title="Rolls-Royce AE 3007">Rolls-Royce AE 3007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">Rolls-Royce BR700</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#BR710" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">BR710</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#BR715" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">BR715</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#BR725" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">BR725</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#F130" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">F130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#Pearl_15" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">Pearl 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#Pearl_700" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">Pearl 700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700#Pearl_10X" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">Pearl 10X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Conway" title="Rolls-Royce Conway">Rolls-Royce Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB211" title="Rolls-Royce RB211">Rolls-Royce RB211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB282" title="Rolls-Royce RB282">Rolls-Royce RB282</a> (not developed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Spey" title="Rolls-Royce Spey">Rolls-Royce Spey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tay_(turbofan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce Tay (turbofan)">Rolls-Royce Tay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Pegasus" title="Rolls-Royce Pegasus">Rolls-Royce Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Rolls-Royce Trent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent#First_Trent_600" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">First Trent 600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_700" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 700">Trent 700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_800" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 800">Trent 800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent#Trent_8100" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Trent 8100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_500" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 500">Trent 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_900" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent 900">Trent 900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent#Second_Trent_600" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Second Trent 600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_1000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 1000">Trent 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent#Trent_1500" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Trent 1500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_XWB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trent XWB">Trent XWB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_7000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 7000">Trent 7000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent#UltraFan" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">UltraFan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca_Adour" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca Adour">Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca Adour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo-Union_RB199" title="Turbo-Union RB199">Turbo-Union RB199</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turboshafts">Turboshafts</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Turboshafts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LHTEC_T800" title="LHTEC T800">LHTEC T800</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTR390" class="mw-redirect" title="MTR390">MTR390</a> (with <a href="/wiki/MTU_Aero_Engines" title="MTU Aero Engines">MTU</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbomeca">Turbomeca</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Gem" title="Rolls-Royce Gem">Rolls-Royce Gem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Model_250" title="Allison Model 250">Rolls-Royce Model 250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RR300" title="Rolls-Royce RR300">Rolls-Royce RR300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RR500" title="Rolls-Royce RR500">Rolls-Royce RR500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_T406" title="Rolls-Royce T406">Rolls-Royce T406</a>/AE 1107C-Liberty</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca_RTM322" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca RTM322">Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca RTM322</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turboprops">Turboprops</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Turboprops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Europrop_TP400" title="Europrop TP400">Europrop TP400-D6</a> (as part of <a href="/wiki/Europrop_International" title="Europrop International">Europrop International</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_AE_2100" title="Rolls-Royce AE 2100">Rolls-Royce AE 2100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_T56" title="Allison T56">Rolls-Royce T56</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rocket_engines">Rocket engines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Rocket engines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larch_(rocket_engine)" title="Larch (rocket engine)">Larch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_RB545&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce RB545 (page does not exist)">RB545</a> (<a href="/wiki/HOTOL" class="mw-redirect" title="HOTOL">HOTOL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RZ.2" title="Rolls-Royce RZ.2">RZ.2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marine">Marine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Marine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gas_turbines">Gas turbines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Gas turbines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_AG9140&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce AG9140 (page does not exist)">AG9140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_MT7" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls-Royce MT7">MT7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_MT30" title="Rolls-Royce MT30">MT30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_RR4500&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce RR4500 (page does not exist)">Rolls Royce RR4500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Spey" title="Rolls-Royce Spey">Spey SM1A and improved SM1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Olympus" title="Rolls-Royce Olympus">Olympus TM1, TM1A and improved TM3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Tyne" title="Rolls-Royce Tyne">Tyne RM1A and improved RM1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman/Rolls-Royce_WR-21" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman/Rolls-Royce WR-21">WR-21</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Propulsion">Propulsion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Propulsion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamewa" title="Kamewa">Kamewa</a> and Bird-Johnson <a href="/wiki/Pump-jet" title="Pump-jet">Waterjets</a></li> <li>Kamewa <a href="/wiki/Bow_thruster" class="mw-redirect" title="Bow thruster">Tunnel thruster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MerMaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MerMaid (page does not exist)">MerMaid</a> pod propulsion</li> <li>Ulstein Aquamaster <a href="/wiki/Azimuth_thruster" title="Azimuth thruster">Azimuth thruster</a></li> <li>Rolls-Royce <a href="/wiki/MTU_Friedrichshafen" title="MTU Friedrichshafen">MTU Engines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Submarine">Submarine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Submarine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nato_Submarine_Rescue_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Nato Submarine Rescue System">Nato Submarine Rescue System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_PWR#PWR1" title="Rolls-Royce PWR">PWR1 reactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_PWR#PWR2" title="Rolls-Royce PWR">PWR2 reactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_PWR#PWR3" title="Rolls-Royce PWR">PWR3 reactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molten_salt_battery#Secondary_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Molten salt battery">Zebra (battery)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Stabilisers">Stabilisers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Stabilisers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Brown Brothers Legacy Stabilizers</li> <li>Brown Brothers Neptune or VM Stabilizers</li> <li>Brown Brothers Aquarius Stabilizers</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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title="Portal:Cars">Cars portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom">Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Aerospace" title="GE Aerospace">GE Aerospace</a>, competing engine manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney" title="Pratt & Whitney">Pratt & Whitney</a>, competing engine manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_maintenance#Pre-emptive_engine_change" title="Aircraft maintenance">Power by the Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survivable_Airborne_Operations_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Survivable Airborne Operations Center">Survivable Airborne Operations Center</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rolls-royce.com/~/media/Files/R/Rolls-Royce/documents/investors/results/2023-full-year-results/rr-plc-holdings-2023-full-year-results-press-release.pdf">"Preliminary Results 2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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BBC. 2 August 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040710103458/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2167788.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geaviation.com/press/gepw/gepw_20041207.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GP7200+Takes+to+the+Skies+in+First+Flight+Test&rft.pub=GE+Aviation&rft.date=2004-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geaviation.com%2Fpress%2Fgepw%2Fgepw_20041207.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/10/15/218490/rolls-royce-settles-into-a-launch-groove-for-a380.html">"Rolls-Royce settles into a launch groove for A380"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight International</a></i>. 15 October 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071017121615/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/10/15/218490/rolls-royce-settles-into-a-launch-groove-for-a380.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+settles+into+a+launch+groove+for+A380&rft.date=2007-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F10%2F15%2F218490%2Frolls-royce-settles-into-a-launch-groove-for-a380.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeasley2011" class="citation news cs1">Heasley, Andrew (3 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/travel/travel-news/rollsroyce-speaks-out-after-more-qantas-engine-problems-20110303-1bfdu.html">"Rolls-Royce speaks out after more Qantas engine problems"</a>. <i>The Age</i>. Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110306133211/http://www.theage.com.au/travel/travel-news/rollsroyce-speaks-out-after-more-qantas-engine-problems-20110303-1bfdu.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+speaks+out+after+more+Qantas+engine+problems&rft.date=2011-03-03&rft.aulast=Heasley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Ftravel%2Ftravel-news%2Frollsroyce-speaks-out-after-more-qantas-engine-problems-20110303-1bfdu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101115021612/http://www.rolls-royce.com/investors/news/2010/121110_interim_mgt_statement.jsp">"Trent 900 update"</a>. Rolls-Royce. 12 November 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rolls-royce.com/investors/news/2010/121110_interim_mgt_statement.jsp">the original</a> on 15 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trent+900+update&rft.date=2010-11-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rolls-royce.com%2Finvestors%2Fnews%2F2010%2F121110_interim_mgt_statement.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110625042507/http://www.montrealgazette.com/Qantas+Rolls+Royce+settle+over+blast+that+grounded+A380+fleet/4986242/story.html">"Qantas, Rolls-Royce settle over blast that grounded A380 fleet"</a>. <i>The (Montreal) Gazette</i>. 22 June 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://montrealgazette.com/Qantas+Rolls+Royce+settle+over+blast+that+grounded+A380+fleet/4986242/story.html">the original</a> on 25 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+%28Montreal%29+Gazette&rft.atitle=Qantas%2C+Rolls-Royce+settle+over+blast+that+grounded+A380+fleet&rft.date=2011-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmontrealgazette.com%2FQantas%2BRolls%2BRoyce%2Bsettle%2Bover%2Bblast%2Bthat%2Bgrounded%2BA380%2Bfleet%2F4986242%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emirates.com/se/english/flying/our_fleet/emirates_a380/emirates_a380.aspx">"Emirates A380"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Emirates_(airline)" title="Emirates (airline)">Emirates</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110520034330/http://www.emirates.com/se/english/flying/our_fleet/emirates_a380/emirates_a380.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emirates+A380&rft.pub=Emirates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emirates.com%2Fse%2Fenglish%2Fflying%2Four_fleet%2Femirates_a380%2Femirates_a380.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-32347783">"Rolls-Royce receives record £6bn engine order"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 17 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122114049/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-32347783">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+receives+record+%C2%A36bn+engine+order&rft.date=2015-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-32347783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aw2015-04-17-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aw2015-04-17_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsborne2015" class="citation news cs1">Osborne, Tony (17 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/emirates-orders-trent-900-future-a380s">"Emirates Orders Trent 900 For Future A380s"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Week_%26_Space_Technology" title="Aviation Week & Space Technology">Aviation Week & Space Technology</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150417195211/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/emirates-orders-trent-900-future-a380s">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aviation+Week+%26+Space+Technology&rft.atitle=Emirates+Orders+Trent+900+For+Future+A380s&rft.date=2015-04-17&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviationweek.com%2Fcommercial-aviation%2Femirates-orders-trent-900-future-a380s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Rolls+confident+on+Dreamliner+project.-a0113626572">"Rolls confident on Dreamliner project"</a>. Free Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016081048/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Rolls+confident+on+Dreamliner+project.-a0113626572">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rolls+confident+on+Dreamliner+project&rft.pub=Free+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FRolls%2Bconfident%2Bon%2BDreamliner%2Bproject.-a0113626572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150917093052/http://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/Derby-s-Rolls-Royce-signs-340m-engine-support/story-27508317-detail/story.html">"Derby's Rolls-Royce signs £340m engine support deal with Vietnam Airlines"</a>. <i>Derby Telegraph</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derbytelegraph.co.uk/Derby-s-Rolls-Royce-signs-340m-engine-support/story-27508317-detail/story.html">the original</a> on 17 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derby+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Derby%27s+Rolls-Royce+signs+%C2%A3340m+engine+support+deal+with+Vietnam+Airlines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.derbytelegraph.co.uk%2FDerby-s-Rolls-Royce-signs-340m-engine-support%2Fstory-27508317-detail%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/rolls-royce-welcomes-green-light-on-joint-strike-fighter-programme/">"Rolls-Royce welcomes green light on Joint Strike Fighter programme"</a>. The Manufacturer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131006184450/http://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/rolls-royce-welcomes-green-light-on-joint-strike-fighter-programme/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rolls-Royce+welcomes+green+light+on+Joint+Strike+Fighter+programme&rft.pub=The+Manufacturer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themanufacturer.com%2Farticles%2Frolls-royce-welcomes-green-light-on-joint-strike-fighter-programme%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4087624.stm">"Air China at Paris Air Show"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. BBC. 20 July 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060528011359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4087624.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Air+China+at+Paris+Air+Show&rft.date=2005-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F4087624.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/19/214880/rolls-royce-inks-biggest-ever-sale.html">"Rolls-Royce inks biggest-ever sale"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight International</a></i>. 19 June 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070621091954/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/19/214880/rolls-royce-inks-biggest-ever-sale.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+inks+biggest-ever+sale&rft.date=2007-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F06%2F19%2F214880%2Frolls-royce-inks-biggest-ever-sale.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121191731/http://www.rolls-royce.com/media/showPR.jsp?PR_ID=40569">"Emirates places $8.4bn order for Rolls-Royce Trent XWB"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rolls-royce.com/media/showPR.jsp?PR_ID=40569">the original</a> on 21 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emirates+places+%248.4bn+order+for+Rolls-Royce+Trent+XWB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rolls-royce.com%2Fmedia%2FshowPR.jsp%3FPR_ID%3D40569&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/312725/1/.html">"Channel NewsAsia"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121014200852/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/312725/1/.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Channel+NewsAsia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fstories%2Fsingaporebusinessnews%2Fview%2F312725%2F1%2F.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121154325/http://www.rolls-royce.com/media/showPR.jsp?PR_ID=40576">"News"</a>. <i>rolls-royce.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rolls-royce.com/media/showPR.jsp?PR_ID=40576">the original</a> on 21 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rolls-royce.com&rft.atitle=News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rolls-royce.com%2Fmedia%2FshowPR.jsp%3FPR_ID%3D40576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaira_Syed2012" class="citation news cs1">Saira Syed (2 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-16789111">"Rolls-Royce gears up for Singapore production"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202180248/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-16789111">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+chief+%27optimistic%27+over+Siemens+deal&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=Alistair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fnewsbysector%2Findustry%2Fengineering%2F10802118%2FRolls-Royce-chief-optimistic-over-Siemens-deal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://petroglobalnews.com/2015/02/report-rolls-royce-accused-of-bribing-petrobras-for-100-million-contract/">"Report: Rolls Royce accused of bribing Petrobras for $100 million contract"</a>. 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Office of Nuclear Regulation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170611115556/http://www.onr.org.uk/sites/rolls-royce-marine-power-operations.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rolls-Royce+Marine+Power+Operations&rft.pub=Office+of+Nuclear+Regulation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onr.org.uk%2Fsites%2Frolls-royce-marine-power-operations.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Kaminski-Morrow2020" class="citation news cs1">David Kaminski-Morrow (28 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/rolls-royce-nears-break-even-delivery-for-a350-900-powerplant/137001.article">"Rolls-Royce nears break-even delivery for A350-900 powerplant"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+nears+break-even+delivery+for+A350-900+powerplant&rft.date=2020-02-28&rft.au=David+Kaminski-Morrow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fair-transport%2Frolls-royce-nears-break-even-delivery-for-a350-900-powerplant%2F137001.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerry_Lynch2018" class="citation news cs1">Kerry Lynch (28 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2018-05-28/rolls-royce-pearl-15-marks-launch-new-engine-family">"Rolls-Royce Pearl 15 Marks Launch of New Engine Family"</a>. <i>AIN online</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180528112210/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2018-05-28/rolls-royce-pearl-15-marks-launch-new-engine-family">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIN+online&rft.atitle=Rolls-Royce+Pearl+15+Marks+Launch+of+New+Engine+Family&rft.date=2018-05-28&rft.au=Kerry+Lynch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ainonline.com%2Faviation-news%2Fbusiness-aviation%2F2018-05-28%2Frolls-royce-pearl-15-marks-launch-new-engine-family&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARolls-Royce+Holdings" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gunston, Bill. <i>Development of Piston Aero Engines</i>. Cambridge, UK. Patrick Stephens Limited, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-4478-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-4478-1">0-7509-4478-1</a>.</li> <li>Newhouse, John. <i>The Sporty Game: The High-Risk Competitive Business of Making and Selling Commercial Airliners.</i> New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-51447-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-51447-5">978-0-394-51447-5</a>.</li> <li>Pugh, Peter. <i>The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, The First 40 Years</i>. London: Icon Books, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84046-151-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-84046-151-9">1-84046-151-9</a>.</li> <li>Pugh, Peter. <i>The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, Part 2, The Power Behind the Jets</i>. London: Icon Books, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84046-284-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84046-284-1">1-84046-284-1</a>.</li> <li>Pugh, Peter. <i>The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, Part 3, A Family of Engines</i>. London: Icon Books, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84046-405-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84046-405-4">1-84046-405-4</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <dl><dt>Companies with shares available to the general public</dt></dl> <ul><li>1906 company, <b>Rolls-Royce Limited</b>. Its shares became more or less valueless in 1971 and their price sank as low as a penny from a high of £1.25.</li></ul> <dl><dd>By the time the liquidation was effectively complete those shareholders had received more than £0.60 per share from the liquidation and they may have bought them for around a penny.</dd></dl> <ul><li>1971 company, floated as <b>Rolls-Royce plc</b> still owns the principal business but itself was sold to the new holding company in 2003</li> <li>2003 company floated as <b>Rolls-Royce Group plc</b> bought the 1971 company</li> <li>2011 company floated as <b>Rolls-Royce Holdings plc</b> bought the 1971 company from the 2003 company</li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Holdings&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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style="width:1%">Subsidiaries:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Controls_and_Data_Services" title="Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services">Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(UK)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Deutschland" title="Rolls-Royce Deutschland">Rolls-Royce Deutschland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Germany)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Submarines" title="Rolls-Royce Submarines">Rolls-Royce Submarines</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(UK)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_North_America" title="Rolls-Royce North America">Rolls-Royce North America</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(US)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Power_Systems" title="Rolls-Royce Power Systems">Rolls-Royce Power Systems</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Germany)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Turbomeca" title="Rolls-Royce Turbomeca">Rolls-Royce Turbomeca</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(UK-Fra)</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/35px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/53px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg/70px-Rolls_royce_holdings_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Limited" title="Rolls-Royce Limited">Rolls-Royce Limited</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>Annual Group Revenue</dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>16,486 million (2023)</dd> <dt>Employees</dt> <dd></dd> <dd>50,000 (2024)</dd> <dt>Stock Symbol</dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">LSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/RR.//">RR.</a></dd> <dt>Website</dt> <dd></dd> <dd><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rolls-royce.com">rolls-royce<wbr />.com</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rolls-Royce_plc_aeroengines" title="Template:Rolls-Royce plc aeroengines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rolls-Royce_plc_aeroengines" title="Template talk:Rolls-Royce plc aeroengines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rolls-Royce_plc_aeroengines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rolls-Royce plc aeroengines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rolls-Royce_Holdings_aero_engines_and_aircraft483" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rolls-Royce Holdings</a> <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Aircraft engines">aero engines</a> and aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turbofan" title="Turbofan">Turbofans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Advance_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce Advance 2 (page does not exist)">Advance 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Advance_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce Advance 3 (page does not exist)">Advance 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_AE_3007" title="Rolls-Royce AE 3007">AE 3007</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_BR700" title="Rolls-Royce BR700">BR700</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurojet_EJ200" title="Eurojet EJ200">EJ200</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric/Rolls-Royce_F136" title="General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136">F136</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB.183_Tay" title="Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay">RB183</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB282" title="Rolls-Royce RB282">RB282</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB401" title="Rolls-Royce RB401">RB401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce/JAEC_RJ500" title="Rolls-Royce/JAEC RJ500">RJ500</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB.183_Tay" title="Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay">Spey Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB.183_Tay" title="Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay">Tay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent" title="Rolls-Royce Trent">Trent series</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_500" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 500">Trent 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_700" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 700">Trent 700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_800" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 800">Trent 800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_900" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 900">Trent 900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_1000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 1000">Trent 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_XWB" title="Rolls-Royce Trent XWB">Trent XWB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Trent_7000" title="Rolls-Royce Trent 7000">Trent 7000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAE_V2500" title="IAE V2500">V2500</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">Turboprops</a>/<a href="/wiki/Turboshaft" title="Turboshaft">Turboshafts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_T56" title="Allison T56">501</a> (<a href="/wiki/Allison_T56_variants" title="Allison T56 variants">variants</a>)†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_AE_2100" title="Rolls-Royce AE 2100">AE 2100</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Model_250" title="Allison Model 250">M250</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTR_MTR390" title="MTR MTR390">MTR390</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RR300" title="Rolls-Royce RR300">RR300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RR500" title="Rolls-Royce RR500">RR500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_T56" title="Allison T56">T56</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_T406" title="Rolls-Royce T406">T406</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHTEC_T800" title="LHTEC T800">T800</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europrop_TP400" title="Europrop TP400">TP400</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other fan-type engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB529_Contrafan" title="Rolls-Royce RB529 Contrafan">RB529</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB3011" title="Rolls-Royce RB3011">RB2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_RB3011" title="Rolls-Royce RB3011">RB3011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_LiftSystem" title="Rolls-Royce LiftSystem">LiftSystem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aero-derivative industrial <br />and marine <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_MT30" title="Rolls-Royce MT30">MT30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_T406" title="Rolls-Royce T406">MT7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_WR-21" title="Rolls-Royce WR-21">WR-21</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_ACCEL" title="Rolls-Royce ACCEL">ACCEL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Symbol † indicates <a href="/wiki/Allison_Engine_Company" title="Allison Engine Company">Allison</a> engines</li> <li>Symbol ‡ indicates <a href="/wiki/Template:Joint_development_aeroengines" title="Template:Joint development aeroengines">Joint development aero engines</a></li> <li>See also <a href="/wiki/Template:Rolls-Royce_aeroengines" title="Template:Rolls-Royce aeroengines">Rolls-Royce Limited aero engines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Heritage_Trust" title="Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust">Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom318" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom318" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom">Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">Economy of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_Aerospace" title="AD Aerospace">AD Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_UK" title="Airbus UK">Airbus UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space">Airbus Defence and Space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surrey_Satellite_Technology" title="Surrey Satellite Technology">Surrey Satellite Technology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirTanker_Services" title="AirTanker Services">AirTanker Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babcock_International" title="Babcock International">Babcock International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Military_Air_%26_Information" title="BAE Systems Military Air & Information">Military Air Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_GmbH" title="Eurofighter GmbH">Eurofighter GmbH</a> (33%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBDA" title="MBDA">MBDA</a> (37.5% as <a href="/wiki/MBDA_UK" title="MBDA UK">MBDA UK</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBA_Aviation" class="mw-redirect" title="BBA Aviation">BBA Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_UK" title="Boeing UK">Boeing Defence UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Airways_Engineering" title="British Airways Engineering">British Airways Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britten-Norman" title="Britten-Norman">Britten-Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemring_Group" title="Chemring Group">Chemring Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobham_Limited" title="Cobham Limited">Cobham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobham_Technical_Services" title="Cobham Technical Services">Technical Services</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draken_International" title="Draken International">Draken Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Aircraft_Tyres" title="Dunlop Aircraft Tyres">Dunlop Aircraft Tyres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Aircraft" title="Europa Aircraft">Europa Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_UK" title="General Dynamics UK">General Dynamics UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Aviation_Systems" title="GE Aviation Systems">GE Aviation Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GFS_Projects" title="GFS Projects">GFS Projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GKN" title="GKN">GKN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_Air_Vehicles" title="Hybrid Air Vehicles">Hybrid Air Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRVIN-GQ" title="IRVIN-GQ">IRVIN-GQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_(company)" title="Leonardo (company)">Leonardo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland" title="AgustaWestland">AgustaWestland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_(company)" title="Leonardo (company)">Finmeccanica UK Ltd</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_UK" title="Lockheed Martin UK">Lockheed Martin UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Aerospace_and_Defence_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshall Aerospace and Defence Group">Marshall Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Baker" title="Martin-Baker">Martin-Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meggitt" title="Meggitt">Meggitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinetiq" title="Qinetiq">Qinetiq</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rolls-Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowty_Propellers" title="Dowty Propellers">Rotol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safran_Landing_Systems" title="Safran Landing Systems">Safran Landing Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selex_ES" title="Selex ES">Selex ES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_Brothers" title="Short Brothers">Short Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyrora" title="Skyrora">Skyrora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_Aircraft" title="Swift Aircraft">Swift Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telespazio_VEGA_UK" title="Telespazio VEGA UK">Telespazio VEGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Air_Defence" title="Thales Air Defence">Thales Air Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Optronics" title="Thales Optronics">Thales Optronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TUI_Airways" title="TUI Airways">TUI Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Electronics" title="Ultra Electronics">Ultra Electronics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADC_Aircraft" title="ADC Aircraft">ADC Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbott-Baynes_Sailplanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes">Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABC_Motors" title="ABC Motors">ABC Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Navigation_and_Engineering_Company" title="Air Navigation and Engineering Company">Air Navigation and Engineering Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airco" title="Airco">Airco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Airscrew_Company" title="The Airscrew Company">The Airscrew Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airship_Industries" title="Airship Industries">Airship Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ltd." title="Airspeed Ltd.">Airspeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airwork_Services" title="Airwork Services">Airwork Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth_Aircraft" title="Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft">Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_Aircraft_Ltd." title="Arrow Aircraft Ltd.">Arrow Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auster_Aircraft" title="Auster Aircraft">Auster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Motor_Company" title="Austin Motor Company">Austin Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Traders" title="Aviation Traders">Aviation Traders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro" title="Avro">Avro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beagle_Aircraft" title="Beagle Aircraft">Beagle Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Beardmore_and_Company" title="William Beardmore and Company">William Beardmore and Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Aircraft" title="Blackburn Aircraft">Blackburn Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulton_%26_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Boulton & Paul">Boulton & Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulton_Paul_Aircraft" title="Boulton Paul Aircraft">Boulton Paul Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Aeroplane_Company" title="Bristol Aeroplane Company">Bristol Aeroplane Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerial_Transport" title="British Aerial Transport">British Aerial Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace" title="British Aerospace">British Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aircraft_Company" title="British Aircraft Company">British Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aircraft_Corporation" title="British Aircraft Corporation">British Aircraft Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aircraft_Manufacturing" title="British Aircraft Manufacturing">British Aircraft Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR_Aerospace_Group" title="BTR Aerospace Group">BTR Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Aircraft_Company" title="Central Aircraft Company">Central Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilton_Aircraft" title="Chilton Aircraft">Chilton Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrislea_Aircraft" title="Chrislea Aircraft">Chrislea Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_%26_Shuttleworth" title="Clayton & Shuttleworth">Clayton & Shuttleworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comper_Aircraft_Company" title="Comper Aircraft Company">Comper Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunliffe-Owen_Aircraft" title="Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft">Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_Aircraft" title="Dart Aircraft">Dart Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland" title="De Havilland">de Havilland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Aeronautical_Technical_School" title="De Havilland Aeronautical Technical School">Aeronautical Technical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Propellers" title="De Havilland Propellers">Propellers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desoutter_Aircraft_Company" title="Desoutter Aircraft Company">Desoutter Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowty_Group" title="Dowty Group">Dowty Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Standard_Aerospace_Group" title="Dunlop Standard Aerospace Group">Dunlop Standard Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._D._Abbott_Ltd" title="E. D. Abbott Ltd">ED Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Percival_Aircraft" title="Edgar Percival Aircraft">Edgar Percival Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliotts_of_Newbury" title="Elliotts of Newbury">Elliotts of Newbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric" title="English Electric">English Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euravia" class="mw-redirect" title="Euravia">Euravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairey_Aviation_Company" title="Fairey Aviation Company">Fairey Aviation Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fane_Aircraft_Company" title="Fane Aircraft Company">Fane Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferranti" title="Ferranti">Ferranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folland_Aircraft" title="Folland Aircraft">Folland Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster,_Wikner_Aircraft" title="Foster, Wikner Aircraft">Foster, Wikner Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland_Aircraft_Company" title="Garland Aircraft Company">Garland Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Aircraft_Limited" title="General Aircraft Limited">General Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Company" title="General Electric Company">General Electric Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloster_Aircraft_Company" title="Gloster Aircraft Company">Gloster Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grahame-White" title="Grahame-White">Grahame-White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handley_Page" title="Handley Page">Handley Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hants_and_Sussex_Aviation" title="Hants and Sussex Aviation">Hants and Sussex Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Aircraft" title="Hawker Aircraft">Hawker Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Siddeley" title="Hawker Siddeley">Hawker Siddeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heston_Aircraft_Company" title="Heston Aircraft Company">Heston Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewlett_%26_Blondeau" title="Hewlett & Blondeau">Hewlett & Blondeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hordern-Richmond" title="Hordern-Richmond">Hordern-Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_Aircraft" title="Hunting Aircraft">Hunting Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsbury_Aviation" title="Kingsbury Aviation">Kingsbury Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakes_Flying_Company" title="Lakes Flying Company">Lakes Flying Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindstrand_Balloons" title="Lindstrand Balloons">Lindstrand Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luton_Aircraft" title="Luton Aircraft">Luton Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._B._Arpin_%26_Co." title="M. B. Arpin & Co.">M. B. Arpin & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marconi_Company" title="Marconi Company">Marconi Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marconi_Electronic_Systems" title="Marconi Electronic Systems">Electronic Systems</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinsyde" title="Martinsyde">Martinsyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matra_Marconi_Space" title="Matra Marconi Space">Matra Marconi Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Aircraft" title="Miles Aircraft">Miles Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_Brothers_Aircraft" title="Moss Brothers Aircraft">Moss Brothers Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Napier_%26_Son" title="D. Napier & Son">D. Napier & Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_%26_Thompson" title="Nash & Thompson">Nash & Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aircraft_Factory_No._2" title="National Aircraft Factory No. 2">National Aircraft Factory No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieuport_%26_General_Aircraft" title="Nieuport & General Aircraft">Nieuport & General Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thompson_Flight_Company" title="Norman Thompson Flight Company">Norman Thompson Flight Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parnall" title="Parnall">Parnall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parnall_%26_Sons" title="Parnall & Sons">Parnall & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Victoria_Marine_Experimental_Aircraft_Depot" title="Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot">Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lang_Propellers" title="Lang Propellers">Lang Propellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaction_Engines_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Reaction Engines Limited">Reaction Engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reid_and_Sigrist" title="Reid and Sigrist">Reid and Sigrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollason_Aircraft_and_Engines" title="Rollason Aircraft and Engines">Rollason Aircraft and Engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aircraft_Establishment" title="Royal Aircraft Establishment">Royal Aircraft Establishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunders-Roe" title="Saunders-Roe">Saunders-Roe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Aviation" title="Scottish Aviation">Scottish Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane_Experimental_Station" title="Seaplane Experimental Station">Seaplane Experimental Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selex_ES" title="Selex ES">SELEX Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELEX_Sistemi_Integrati" title="SELEX Sistemi Integrati">SELEX Sistemi Integrati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddeley-Deasy" title="Siddeley-Deasy">Siddeley-Deasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopwith_Aviation_Company" title="Sopwith Aviation Company">Sopwith Aviation Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Aircraft_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartan Aircraft Ltd">Spartan Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supermarine" title="Supermarine">Supermarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Limited" title="Vickers Limited">Vickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Aircraft" title="Westland Aircraft">Westland Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Helicopters" title="Westland Helicopters">Westland Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Samuel_White" title="J. Samuel White">J. Samuel White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government and<br />regulatory bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)">Civil Aviation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Electronics_and_Components_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence Electronics and Components Agency">Defence Electronics and Components Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Science_and_Technology_Laboratory" title="Defence Science and Technology Laboratory">Defence Science and Technology Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Aviation_Safety_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="European Aviation Safety Agency">European Aviation Safety Agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADS_Group" title="ADS Group">ADS Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farnborough_International_Airshow" title="Farnborough International Airshow">Farnborough International Airshow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATS_Holdings" title="NATS Holdings">NATS Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NDI_UK&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NDI UK (page does not exist)">NDI UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ParcAberporth" title="ParcAberporth">ParcAberporth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aeronautical_Society" title="Royal Aeronautical Society">Royal Aeronautical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_International_Air_Tattoo" title="Royal International Air Tattoo">Royal International Air Tattoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_British_Aerospace_Companies" title="Society of 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title="Ashtead Group">Ashtead Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_British_Foods" title="Associated British Foods">Associated British Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Trader_Group" title="Auto Trader Group">Auto Trader Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barratt_Redrow" title="Barratt Redrow">Barratt Redrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beazley_plc" title="Beazley plc">Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Group_Holdings" title="Berkeley Group Holdings">Berkeley Group Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_American_Tobacco" title="British American Tobacco">British American Tobacco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Land" title="British Land">British 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title="LondonMetric Property">LondonMetric Property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%26G" title="M&G">M&G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks & Spencer">Marks & Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose_Industries" title="Melrose Industries">Melrose Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondi" title="Mondi">Mondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Grid_plc" title="National Grid plc">National Grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NatWest_Group" title="NatWest Group">NatWest Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_plc" title="Next plc">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Holdings" title="Pershing Square Holdings">Pershing Square Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persimmon_plc" title="Persimmon plc">Persimmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Group" title="Phoenix 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