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id="toc-1891_–_Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1891_–_Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.3 1891 – Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1891_–_Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BIRPI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BIRPI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 BIRPI </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BIRPI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_WIPO" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_WIPO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Formation of WIPO </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_WIPO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_joining_the_United_Nations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_joining_the_United_Nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 WIPO joining the United Nations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_joining_the_United_Nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Development_agenda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Development_agenda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 WIPO Development agenda </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Development_agenda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Recent events </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Global services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Global_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Global services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Global_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Patent_Cooperation_Treaty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Patent Cooperation Treaty </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patent_Cooperation_Treaty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madrid_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madrid_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Madrid System </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madrid_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lisbon_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lisbon_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Lisbon System </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lisbon_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Arbitration_and_Mediation_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Arbitration_and_Mediation_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Arbitration_and_Mediation_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hague_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hague_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Hague System </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hague_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Funding </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance_and_normative_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance_and_normative_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Governance and normative work </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance_and_normative_work-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governance and normative work subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governance_and_normative_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-WIPO_Assemblies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Assemblies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 WIPO Assemblies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Assemblies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standing_Committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standing_Committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Standing Committees </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standing_Committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_administered_treaties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_administered_treaties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 WIPO administered treaties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_administered_treaties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intellectual_property_protection_treaties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intellectual_property_protection_treaties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 Intellectual property protection treaties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intellectual_property_protection_treaties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_protection_system_treaties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_protection_system_treaties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.2 Global protection system treaties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_protection_system_treaties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classification_treaties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classification_treaties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.3 Classification treaties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification_treaties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policy_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policy_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Policy work </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Policy_work-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Policy work subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Policy_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Genetic_resources,_traditional_knowledge_and_traditional_cultural_expressions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetic_resources,_traditional_knowledge_and_traditional_cultural_expressions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetic_resources,_traditional_knowledge_and_traditional_cultural_expressions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Global health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Green_technologies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Green_technologies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Green technologies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Green_technologies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Judicial_Institute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Judicial_Institute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 WIPO Judicial Institute </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Judicial_Institute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Academy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Academy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 WIPO Academy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Academy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Standing_Committee_on_Copyright_and_Related_Rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Standing_Committee_on_Copyright_and_Related_Rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Standing_Committee_on_Copyright_and_Related_Rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Intellectual_Property_Day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 World Intellectual Property Day </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sectors_and_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sectors_and_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Sectors and divisions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sectors_and_divisions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sectors and divisions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sectors_and_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economics_and_Statistics_Division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics_and_Statistics_Division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Economics and Statistics Division </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics_and_Statistics_Division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure_and_Platforms_Sector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure_and_Platforms_Sector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Infrastructure and Platforms Sector </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure_and_Platforms_Sector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diplomatic_Engagement_and_Assemblies_Affairs_Division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diplomatic_Engagement_and_Assemblies_Affairs_Division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diplomatic_Engagement_and_Assemblies_Affairs_Division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_Knowledge_Division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_Knowledge_Division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Traditional Knowledge Division </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_Knowledge_Division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications_and_databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications_and_databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Publications and databases </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publications_and_databases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Publications and databases subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Publications_and_databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Global_Innovation_Index" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_Innovation_Index"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Global Innovation Index </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_Innovation_Index-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Intellectual_Property_Report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 World Intellectual Property Report </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 World Intellectual Property Indicators </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Lex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Lex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 WIPO Lex </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Lex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Magazine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Magazine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 WIPO Magazine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Magazine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PATENTSCOPE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PATENTSCOPE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 PATENTSCOPE </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PATENTSCOPE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Green_Technology_Book" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Green_Technology_Book"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.7 The Green Technology Book </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Green_Technology_Book-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WIPO_Pearl" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WIPO_Pearl"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.8 WIPO Pearl </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WIPO_Pearl-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directors_General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directors_General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Directors General </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directors_General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">World Intellectual Property Organization</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" > 60 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="المنظمة العالمية للملكية الفكرية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المنظمة العالمية للملكية الفكرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyn%C9%99lxalq_%C4%B0ntellektual_M%C3%BClkiyy%C9%99t_T%C9%99%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Beynəlxalq İntellektual Mülkiyyət Təşkilatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Beynəlxalq İntellektual Mülkiyyət Təşkilatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE" title="বিশ্ব মেধাসম্পদ সংস্থা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিশ্ব মেধাসম্পদ সংস্থা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96" title="Сусветная арганізацыя інтэлектуальнай уласнасці – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сусветная арганізацыя інтэлектуальнай уласнасці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Световна организация за интелектуална собственост – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Световна организация за интелектуална собственост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svjetska_organizacija_za_intelektualno_vlasni%C5%A1tvo" title="Svjetska organizacija za intelektualno vlasništvo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Svjetska organizacija za intelektualno vlasništvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organitzaci%C3%B3_Mundial_de_la_Propietat_Intel%C2%B7lectual" title="Organització Mundial de la Propietat Intel·lectual – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Organització Mundial de la Propietat Intel·lectual" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C4%9Btov%C3%A1_organizace_du%C5%A1evn%C3%ADho_vlastnictv%C3%AD" title="Světová organizace duševního vlastnictví – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Světová organizace duševního vlastnictví" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="World Intellectual Property Organization" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weltorganisation_f%C3%BCr_geistiges_Eigentum" title="Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maailma_Intellektuaalse_Omandi_Organisatsioon" title="Maailma Intellektuaalse Omandi Organisatsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maailma Intellektuaalse Omandi Organisatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%99%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Παγκόσμιος Οργανισμός Πνευματικής Ιδιοκτησίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παγκόσμιος Οργανισμός Πνευματικής Ιδιοκτησίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Mundial_de_la_Propiedad_Intelectual" title="Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monda_Organiza%C4%B5o_de_Intelekta_Propra%C4%B5o" title="Monda Organizaĵo de Intelekta Propraĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Monda Organizaĵo de Intelekta Propraĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabetza_Intelektualaren_Mundu_Erakundea" title="Jabetza Intelektualaren Mundu Erakundea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jabetza Intelektualaren Mundu Erakundea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سازمان جهانی مالکیت فکری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان جهانی مالکیت فکری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_mondiale_de_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_intellectuelle" title="Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Mundial_da_Propiedade_Intelectual" title="Organización Mundial da Propiedade Intelectual – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Organización Mundial da Propiedade Intelectual" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84_%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D_%EC%9E%AC%EC%82%B0%EA%B6%8C_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B5%AC" title="세계 지식 재산권 기구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세계 지식 재산권 기구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svjetska_organizacija_za_intelektualno_vlasni%C5%A1tvo" title="Svjetska organizacija za intelektualno vlasništvo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svjetska organizacija za intelektualno vlasništvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasi_Hak_atas_Kekayaan_Intelektual_Dunia" title="Organisasi Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual Dunia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Organisasi Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual Dunia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0ahugverkastofnunin" title="Alþjóðahugverkastofnunin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Alþjóðahugverkastofnunin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizzazione_mondiale_per_la_propriet%C3%A0_intellettuale" title="Organizzazione mondiale per la proprietà intellettuale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Organizzazione mondiale per la proprietà intellettuale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%97%D7%A0%D7%99" title="הארגון העולמי לקניין רוחני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הארגון העולמי לקניין רוחני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ინტელექტუალური საკუთრების მსოფლიო ორგანიზაცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინტელექტუალური საკუთრების მსოფლიო ორგანიზაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96_%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D2%B1%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Зияткерлік меншік жөніндегі дүниежүзілік ұйым – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Зияткерлік меншік жөніндегі дүниежүзілік ұйым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB_%D0%94%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A3%D1%8E%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Бүткүл Дүйнөлүк Интеллектуалдык Менчик Уюму – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бүткүл Дүйнөлүк Интеллектуалдык Менчик Уюму" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szellemi_Tulajdon_Vil%C3%A1gszervezete" title="Szellemi Tulajdon Világszervezete – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szellemi Tulajdon Világszervezete" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Светска организација за интелектуална сопственост – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Светска организација за интелектуална сопственост" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A8" title="ലോക ബൗദ്ധിക സ്വത്തവകാശ സംഘടന – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലോക ബൗദ്ധിക സ്വത്തവകാശ സംഘടന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertubuhan_Harta_Intelek_Dunia" title="Pertubuhan Harta Intelek Dunia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pertubuhan Harta Intelek Dunia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%8E%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Дэлхийн оюуны өмчийн байгууллага – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дэлхийн оюуны өмчийн байгууллага" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%94%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%96%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ကမ္ဘာ့နည်းပညာမူပိုင်ခွင့်ဆိုင်ရာ အဖွဲ့အစည်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကမ္ဘာ့နည်းပညာမူပိုင်ခွင့်ဆိုင်ရာ အဖွဲ့အစည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wereldorganisatie_voor_de_Intellectuele_Eigendom" title="Wereldorganisatie voor de Intellectuele Eigendom – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wereldorganisatie voor de Intellectuele Eigendom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%A8" title="विश्व बौद्धिक सम्पत्ति सङ्गठन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विश्व बौद्धिक सम्पत्ति सङ्गठन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9F%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%A8%A9%E6%A9%9F%E9%96%A2" title="世界知的所有権機関 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="世界知的所有権機関" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_internasjonale_opphavsrettsorganisasjonen" title="Den internasjonale opphavsrettsorganisasjonen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den internasjonale opphavsrettsorganisasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdsorganisasjonen_for_immateriell_eigedomsrett" title="Verdsorganisasjonen for immateriell eigedomsrett – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Verdsorganisasjonen for immateriell eigedomsrett" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacion_Mondiala_de_la_Proprietat_Intellectuala" title="Organizacion Mondiala de la Proprietat Intellectuala – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Organizacion Mondiala de la Proprietat Intellectuala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahon_intellektual_mulk_tashkiloti" title="Jahon intellektual mulk tashkiloti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jahon intellektual mulk tashkiloti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="عالمی تنظیم برائے فکری ملکیت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عالمی تنظیم برائے فکری ملکیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awiatowa_Organizacja_W%C5%82asno%C5%9Bci_Intelektualnej" title="Światowa Organizacja Własności Intelektualnej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Światowa Organizacja Własności Intelektualnej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Mundial_da_Propriedade_Intelectual" title="Organização Mundial da Propriedade Intelectual – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Organização Mundial da Propriedade Intelectual" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Mondial%C4%83_a_Propriet%C4%83%C8%9Bii_Intelectuale" title="Organizația Mondială a Proprietății Intelectuale – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Organizația Mondială a Proprietății Intelectuale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Всемирная организация интеллектуальной собственности – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Всемирная организация интеллектуальной собственности" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetov%C3%A1_organiz%C3%A1cia_du%C5%A1evn%C3%A9ho_vlastn%C3%ADctva" title="Svetová organizácia duševného vlastníctva – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Svetová organizácia duševného vlastníctva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetovna_organizacija_za_intelektualno_lastnino" title="Svetovna organizacija za intelektualno lastnino – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Svetovna organizacija za intelektualno lastnino" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ururka_Mulkiyada_Garaadka_Aduunka" title="Ururka Mulkiyada Garaadka Aduunka – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ururka Mulkiyada Garaadka Aduunka" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Светска организација за интелектуалну својину – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Светска организација за интелектуалну својину" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maailman_henkisen_omaisuuden_j%C3%A4rjest%C3%B6" title="Maailman henkisen omaisuuden järjestö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maailman henkisen omaisuuden järjestö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="World Intellectual Property Organization" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உலக அறிவுசார் சொத்து நிறுவனம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலக அறிவுசார் சொத்து நிறுவனம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Бөтендөнья интеллектуаль милек оешмасы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөтендөнья интеллектуаль милек оешмасы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81" title="องค์การทรัพย์สินทางปัญญาแห่งโลก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="องค์การทรัพย์สินทางปัญญาแห่งโลก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_Fikr%C3%AE_M%C3%BClkiyet_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Dünya Fikrî Mülkiyet Örgütü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dünya Fikrî Mülkiyet Örgütü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96" title="Всесвітня організація інтелектуальної власності – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Всесвітня організація інтелектуальної власності" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4" title="عالمی تنظیم برائے حقوق دانش – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عالمی تنظیم برائے حقوق دانش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95_ch%E1%BB%A9c_S%E1%BB%9F_h%E1%BB%AFu_Tr%C3%AD_tu%E1%BB%87_Th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bi" title="Tổ chức Sở hữu Trí tuệ Thế giới – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổ chức Sở hữu Trí tuệ Thế giới" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E7%94%A2%E6%AC%8A%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="世界知識產權組織 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="世界知識產權組織" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界知识产权组织 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="世界知识产权组织" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177773#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Specialised agency of the United Nations</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WIPO" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wipo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Wipo (disambiguation)">Wipo</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">World Intellectual Property Organization</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg/200px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg/300px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg/400px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="356" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">WIPO</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">14 July 1967; 57 years ago (1967-07-14)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_specialized_agencies_of_the_United_Nations" title="List of specialized agencies of the United Nations">United Nations specialised agency</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data">193 member states</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Head</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a> Director General</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent organization</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council" title="United Nations Economic and Social Council">United Nations Economic and Social Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/portal/en/index.html">wipo.int</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg/250px-United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg/375px-United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg/500px-United_Nations_Flags_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4384" data-file-height="2923" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Geneva" title="United Nations Office at Geneva">United Nations Office at Geneva</a> (Switzerland) is the second biggest UN centre, after the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations headquarters">United Nations headquarters</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>).</figcaption></figure> The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; French: Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI)) is one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_specialized_agencies_of_the_United_Nations" title="List of specialized agencies of the United Nations">15 specialized agencies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN).<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[notes 1]</a> Pursuant to the 1967 <a href="/wiki/Convention_Establishing_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization">Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization</a>, WIPO was created to promote and protect <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> (IP) across the world by cooperating with countries as well as international organizations.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> It began operations on 26 April 1970 when the convention entered into force. The current Director General is Singaporean <a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a>, former head of the <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_Property_Office_of_Singapore" title="Intellectual Property Office of Singapore">Intellectual Property Office of Singapore</a>, who began his term on 1 October 2020.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> WIPO's activities include: hosting forums to discuss and shape international IP rules and policies, providing global services that register and protect IP in different countries, resolving transboundary IP disputes, helping connect IP systems through uniform standards and infrastructure, and serving as a general reference database on all IP matters; this includes providing reports and statistics on the state of IP protection or innovation both globally and in specific countries.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> WIPO also works with governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and individuals to utilize IP for socioeconomic development. WIPO administers 26 international treaties that concern a wide variety of intellectual property issues, ranging from the protection of audiovisual works to establishing international patent classification.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> It is governed by the General Assembly and the Coordination Committee, which together set policy and serve as the main decision making bodies. The General Assembly also elects WIPO's chief administrator, the Director General, currently <a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a> of Singapore, who took office on 1 October 2020.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> WIPO is administered by a Secretariat that helps carry out its day-to-day activities. Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland, WIPO has "external offices" around the world, including in Algiers (Algeria); Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Beijing (China), Tokyo (Japan); Abuja (Nigeria); Moscow (Russia); and Singapore (Singapore).<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Unlike most UN organizations, WIPO does not rely heavily on assessed or voluntary contributions from member states; 95 percent of its budget comes from fees related to its global services.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> WIPO currently has 193 <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="Member states of the World Intellectual Property Organization">member states</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> including 190 <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">UN member states</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a>; <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> has permanent observer status.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> The only non-members, among the countries recognized by the UN are the <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre_BIRPI">Pre BIRPI</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pre BIRPI">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1883_–_Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property">1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a> was adopted in 1883 and was one of the first <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a>. It established a Union for the protection of industrial property. Additionally, it applies to a wide range of industrial property including <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademarks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utility_model" title="Utility model">utility models</a>, <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design" title="Industrial design">industrial designs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">trade names</a>, <a href="/wiki/Service_mark" title="Service mark">service marks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">geographical indications</a> as well as the "repression of <a href="/wiki/Unfair_competition" class="mw-redirect" title="Unfair competition">unfair competition</a>". The Paris Convention was the first international agreement to protect the works of creators in other countries.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> Moving on, the Convention was adopted in diplomatic conferences held in Paris in 1880 and 1883, it was then signed on 20 March 1883, on behalf of Brazil, France, Guatemala, Netherlands, Portugal, Serbia, Spain and Switzerland, Belgium, Italy and El Salvador. It consisted of the Convention proper, which contains 19 articles, and the Protocole de clôture (Final Protocol), which is almost the same length as the Convention proper.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> The "International Bureau" established by the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property later became part of BIRPI and later WIPO.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1886_–_Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works">1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention" title="Berne Convention">Berne Convention</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention" title="Berne Convention">Berne Convention</a> was adopted in 1886, it deals with copyright, the protection of works and rights of authors and rights holders. It provides creators including writers, poets, painters, musicians with ways to control how and by who their works are used and the terms of use. It also contains provisions on minimum protections and special provisions for developing countries.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> The Convention follows three basic principles; that works originating in one of the Contracting States must be given the same protection in each of the other Contracting States (principle of "national treatment"), that there is automatic protection and no formal process is required and that protection under the convention is independent of protection in the country of origin of the work (principle of "independence" of protection).<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> The "International Bureau" was created to oversee the Berne Convention and later became part of BIRPI and later WIPO.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1891_–_Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks">1891 – Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1891 – Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks">Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a></div> In 1891 nine of the 14 States to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property created the first "special arrangements for the protection of industrial property". Along with the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement (1989) it created the Madrid System, the primary international system for facilitating the registration of <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademarks</a> in multiple jurisdictions around the world.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BIRPI">BIRPI</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: BIRPI">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/BIRPI" class="mw-redirect" title="BIRPI">BIRPI</a></div> The Bureaus created to administer the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a> were under "the high supervision" (haute surveillance) of the Government of the Swiss Confederation. In 1893 the Swiss government combined them with the same director and same staff as <a href="/wiki/United_International_Bureaux_for_the_Protection_of_Intellectual_Property" title="United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property">United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property</a>, Bureaux internationaux réunis pour la protection de la propriété intellectuelle (BIRPI).<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> BIRPI was the predecessor of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) which superseded it 87 years later, in 1970.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_WIPO">Formation of WIPO</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Formation of WIPO">edit</a>]</div> WIPO was formally created by the <a href="/wiki/Convention_Establishing_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization">Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization</a>, which entered into force on 26 April 1970.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> WIPO allowed members who were part of the Berne Convention, Paris Convention or a member of the United Nations system including the United Nations, any of its specialized agencies, the International Atomic Energy Agency or the International Court of Justice.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> That date is commemorated annually as <a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Day" title="World Intellectual Property Day">World Intellectual Property Day</a>, which raises awareness of the importance of IP. Under Article 3 of this convention, WIPO seeks to "promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world". WIPO became a specialized agency of the UN in 1974. The Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> notes in Article 1 that WIPO is responsible: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">for promoting creative intellectual activity and for facilitating the transfer of technology related to industrial property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social and cultural development, subject to the competence and responsibilities of the United Nations and its organs, particularly the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, as well as of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and of other agencies within the United Nations system.</blockquote> The Agreement marked a transition for WIPO from the mandate it inherited in 1967 from BIRPI, to promote the protection of intellectual property, to one that involved the more complex task of promoting technology transfer and economic development.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">need quotation to verify</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_joining_the_United_Nations">WIPO joining the United Nations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: WIPO joining the United Nations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WIPO_Main_Building_(Arpad_Bogsch_Building).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg/220px-WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg/330px-WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg/440px-WIPO_Main_Building_%28Arpad_Bogsch_Building%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3225" data-file-height="4838" /></a><figcaption>WIPO headquarters, <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></figcaption></figure> In 1974 WIPO became a specialized agency of the United Nations through a bilateral agreement between WIPO and the UN approved by the General Assembly of WIPO on 27 September 1974, and by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a> on 17 December 1974. A protocol was signed by then Secretary-General of the United Nations, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Waldheim" title="Kurt Waldheim">Kurt Waldheim</a> and then Director General of WIPO <a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_Bogsch" title="Árpád Bogsch">Árpád Bogsch</a> on 21 January 1975. The Agreement became effective on 17 December 1974.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> The relative importance of WIPO in global IP governance decreased after the United States incorporated intellectual property matters into the <a href="/wiki/Uruguay_Round" title="Uruguay Round">Uruguay Round</a> of the <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">GATT</a> Negotiations in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-:4-28">[27]</a>: 182  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Development_agenda">WIPO Development agenda</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: WIPO Development agenda">edit</a>]</div> In October 2004, WIPO agreed to adopt a proposal offered by <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, the "Proposal for the Establishment of a Development Agenda for WIPO"—from the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Declaration_on_the_Future_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization">Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> This proposal was well supported by developing countries. The agreed "WIPO Development Agenda"<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> (composed of over 45 recommendations) was the culmination of a long process of transformation for the organization from one that had historically been primarily aimed at protecting the interests of rightholders, to one that has increasingly incorporated the interests of other stakeholders in the international intellectual property system as well as integrating into the broader corpus of international law on human rights, environment and economic cooperation. A number of civil society bodies have been working on a draft <a href="/wiki/Access_to_knowledge_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Access to knowledge movement">Access to Knowledge</a> (A2K)<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> treaty which they would like to see introduced. In 2009, WIPO started drafting <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Committee_on_Intellectual_Property_and_Genetic_Resources,_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Folklore" title="Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore">future treaties on intellectual property and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore</a> in relation with <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous peoples and local communities</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In December 2011, WIPO published its first World Intellectual Property Report on the Changing Face of Innovation, the first such report of the new Office of the Chief Economist.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> WIPO is also a co-publisher of the Global Innovation Index.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_events">Recent events</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Recent events">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_(WIPO)_members_world_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg/220px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg/330px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg/440px-World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29_members_world_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1405" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>WIPO members <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Members</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Non-members</div></figcaption></figure> In 2016, WIPO initiated the High-Level Conference on Intellectual Property for <a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative" title="Belt and Road Initiative">BRI</a> Countries.<a href="#cite_note-:4-28">[27]</a>: 187  WIPO Director General <a href="/wiki/Francis_Gurry" title="Francis Gurry">Francis Gurry</a> encouraged countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative to use WIPO tools like its global IP services and databases and to join WIPO-administered IP treaties.<a href="#cite_note-:4-28">[27]</a>: 187  In September 2020 China blocked the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> from observer status at WIPO citing the existence of a Wikimedia affiliate in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>. According to the Chinese statement "there is reason to believe that this foundation has been carrying out political activities through its member organizations which could undermine the state's sovereignty and territorial integrity."<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> China again rejected Wikimedia's bid, for the same reason, in 2021, 2023, and 2024.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> WIPO, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the WTO launched on 11 April 2022 their new Trilateral <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> Technical Assistance Platform. This new tool aims to help members and WTO accession candidates address their capacity building needs to respond to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. The Platform provides members and accession candidates with a single contact form which they can use to reach out to the trilateral organizations.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Global_services">Global services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Global services">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patent_Cooperation_Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Patent Cooperation Treaty">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> (PCT) (1970) established a service which assists individuals, companies, and institutions in seeking patent protection internationally for their inventions.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> It also helps patent offices with their patent granting decisions and facilitates public access to technical information relating to those inventions. 153 countries are currently party to the PCT.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> Under the PCT, an applicant can file one PCT application in one language, at one patent office, within 12 months from the date of the earliest patent application which has been filed for the same invention (the "priority date"). This one PCT application has the same legal effect as filing separate regional or national patent applications in all PCT member countries.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] PCT applications are processed in a standardized manner as provided in the Treaty and Regulations, including an international search for documents relevant to the potential patentability of the invention and international publication.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> Granting patents remains under the control of the regional or national patent Offices in the "national phase". Using the PCT, patent applicants can postpone paying national and regional patent-related fees while they learn about the likelihood of obtaining a patent, benefitting from the additional time and information to help them decide whether, and in which countries, to pursue patents.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Madrid_System">Madrid System</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Madrid System">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Madrid_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid System">Madrid System</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Madrid_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid System">Madrid System</a> for the International Registration of Marks serves as a means to seek protection for <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademarks</a> worldwide, in over 120 countries.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Created in 1891, the Madrid System is now governed by the Madrid Protocol Relating to the <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks">Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a> (1989). In order to become a member of the Madrid System, a state or intergovernmental organization must already be a party to the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a> (1883).<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> The Madrid System is a centralized trademark registration system: through a single application, in one language and with one set of fees (in one currency, the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_franc" title="Swiss franc">Swiss franc</a>), protection can be obtained in member states and intergovernmental organizations.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> International registrations can then be modified, renewed or expanded, centrally through WIPO (rather than through each separate IP Office).<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> The Madrid System can only be used by a <a href="/wiki/Natural_person" title="Natural person">natural person</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Legal_person" title="Legal person">legal entity</a>, which is a national, is domiciled or has a company in the territory of a member of the Madrid System.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lisbon_System">Lisbon System</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Lisbon System">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_System_for_the_International_Registration_of_Appellations_of_Origin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lisbon System for the International Registration of Appellations of Origin">Lisbon System for the International Registration of Appellations of Origin</a></div> The Lisbon System for the International Registration of Appellations of Origin and Geographical indications provides a means of obtaining international protection for a <a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">geographical indication</a> or an appellation of origin.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> Geographical indications and appellations of origin are <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> rights which identify a product that originates from a specific geographical area and that has characteristics that are attributable to its geographical origin.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Comt%C3%A9_cheese" title="Comté cheese">Comté cheese</a> (France), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chulucanas_pottery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chulucanas pottery (page does not exist)">Chulucanas pottery</a> (Peru), <a href="/wiki/Tequila" title="Tequila">Tequila</a> (Mexico), <a href="/wiki/Port_wine" title="Port wine">Porto</a> (Portugal), <a href="/wiki/Herend_Porcelain_Manufactory" title="Herend Porcelain Manufactory">Herend porcelain</a> (Hungary), and <a href="/wiki/Kampot_pepper" title="Kampot pepper">Kampot pepper</a> (Cambodia) are examples of appellations of origin and geographical indications registered under the Lisbon System.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Through a single registration and one set of fees, protection can be obtained in the other countries (and intergovernmental organizations, such as the European Union) covered by the Lisbon System.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> The Lisbon System includes the <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Agreement_for_the_Protection_of_Appellations_of_Origin_and_their_International_Registration" title="Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration">Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration</a> of 1958 ('the Lisbon Agreement') and, its latest revision, the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Act_of_the_Lisbon_Agreement_on_Appellations_of_Origin_and_Geographical_Indications" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement on Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications">Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement on Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications</a> of 2015 ('the Geneva Act') form the Lisbon System.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> Registrations under the Lisbon System are published in the official bulletin and can be searched through the Lisbon Express Database.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Arbitration_and_Mediation_Center">WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center">edit</a>]</div> The WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center was established in 1994 as an international resource for alternatives to court litigation of intellectual property and technology disputes. It offers <a href="/wiki/Alternative_dispute_resolution" title="Alternative dispute resolution">alternative dispute resolution</a> (ADR) options including mediation, arbitration, and expert determination to resolve international commercial disputes between private parties. It is an administrator of cases and a provider of legal and policy expertise. The Center also provides domain name dispute resolution services under the WIPO-designed UDRP.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> It is based in Geneva, Switzerland and since 2010 the Center has had an office at Maxwell Chambers in Singapore.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hague_System">Hague System</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hague System">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Hague_System" title="WIPO Hague System">WIPO Hague System</a></div> The WIPO Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs provides an international mechanism for securing protection of up to 100 <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design" title="Industrial design">designs</a><a href="#cite_note-WIPO-Hague-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> in multiple countries or regions, through a single international application, filed in one language and using one currency (Swiss francs).<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-Hague-77">[76]</a> International design applications are filed directly through WIPO, according to the requirements and procedures established by the Hague Agreement.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> The domestic legal framework of each designated contracting party governs the design protection provided by the resulting international registrations.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> According to the rules laid out by the Hague Agreement, anyone who is a national of, or who has a domicile, habitual residence or real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in any Hague System contracting party<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> – including any country of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_Africaine_de_la_Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Intellectuelle" title="Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle">African Intellectual Property Organization</a> – can use the Hague System. The Hague System does not require the applicant to file a national or regional design application.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> On 5 February 2020, China officially deposited its accession documents for entering the Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs and the Marrakesh Treaty (which increases the accessibility of publications to people with visual impairment), before the commencement of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games. The accession will take effect on 5 May 2022.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] China became the 68th contracting party to the Geneva Act (1999) of the Hague Agreement and, therefore, the 77th member of the Hague System.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Funding">edit</a>]</div> WIPO, unlike other UN agencies, derives most of its income from fees for the Global IP services it provides as opposed to Member States contributions.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> In 2020, WIPO's revenue amounted to <a href="/wiki/Swiss_franc" title="Swiss franc">CHF</a> 468.3 million.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-financial-2021-85">[84]</a> In 2020 WIPO generated over 94.3% of its revenue from fees that are paid by users of its intellectual property services for patents, trademarks and industrial designs due to international demand for intellectual property titles. These services are provided through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) (providing 76.6% of revenue), Madrid System (providing 16.3% of revenue) and Hague System (providing 1.4% of revenue).<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-financial-2021-85">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance_and_normative_work">Governance and normative work</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Governance and normative work">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Assemblies">WIPO Assemblies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: WIPO Assemblies">edit</a>]</div> WIPO Assemblies develop global intellectual property agreements through bringing stakeholders together. The main policy and decision making bodies of WIPO are the Coordination Committee and the General Assembly.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> Twenty-two Assemblies, the Unions administered by WIPO, and other bodies of the Member States of WIPO meet in ordinary or extraordinary sessions in autumn. The General Assembly appoints the Director General through nomination by the Coordination Committee. Any of the policy and decision making bodies can constitute Permanent Committees or Standing Committees.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standing_Committees">Standing Committees</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Standing Committees">edit</a>]</div> Standing committees are ad hoc groups of experts established for a given purpose and acting as a place for policy discussions and negotiations on the future development of intellectual property. Any WIPO Standing Committee or other bodies also decide to establish a working group to examine a question in more detail, make suggestions or give advice on any subject within the competence of the Organization.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_administered_treaties">WIPO administered treaties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: WIPO administered treaties">edit</a>]</div> WIPO administers <a href="/wiki/Category:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_treaties" title="Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties">26 treaties</a>,<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-treaties-90">[89]</a> including the <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Convention" title="WIPO Convention">WIPO Convention</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Intellectual_property_protection_treaties">Intellectual property protection treaties</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Intellectual property protection treaties">edit</a>]</div> Intellectual property protection treaties define internationally agreed basic standards of intellectual property (IP) protection in each country.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-treaties-90">[89]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th> <th>History<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-prep-92">[91]</a> </th> <th>Treaty text </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Treaty_on_Audiovisual_Performances" title="Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances">Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Treaty_on_Audiovisual_Performances" title="Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances">Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Multilateral_treaty" title="Multilateral treaty">multilateral treaty</a> which regulates <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> for <a href="/wiki/Audiovisual_performance" title="Audiovisual performance">audiovisual performances</a> and expands the <a href="/wiki/Performers%27_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Performers' rights">performers' rights</a>. It was adopted on 26 June 2012 by the Diplomatic Conference on the Protection of Audiovisual Performances of the World Intellectual Property Organization, in which 156 WIPO member states, six <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental organization">intergovernmental</a>, and six <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-governmental organizations">non-governmental organizations</a> participated. Forty-eight countries signed the treaty on 26 June, followed by 19 other countries in 2012 and 2013. The treaty entered into force on 28 April 2020 following the receipt of the 30th ratification or accession and as of August 2021 has 42 contracting parties.<a href="#cite_note-Beijing_Treaty_on_Audiovisual_Performances_WIPO-Administered_Treaties-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted on 26 June 2012. Entered into force on 28 April 2020 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/beijing/">Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention" title="Berne Convention">Berne Convention</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, usually known as the <a href="/wiki/Berne_Convention" title="Berne Convention">Berne Convention</a>, was an international assembly held in 1886 in the Swiss city of <a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a> by ten European countries with the goal of agreeing on a set of legal principles for the protection of <a href="/wiki/Originality" title="Originality">original work</a>. They drafted and adopted a multi-party <a href="/wiki/Contract" title="Contract">contract</a> containing agreements for a uniform, border-crossing system that became known under the same name. Its rules have been updated many times since then.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> provides authors, musicians, poets, painters, and other creators with the means to control how their works are used, by whom, and on what terms.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> In some jurisdictions these type of rights are referred to as <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a>; on the European continent they are generally referred to as <a href="/wiki/Authors%27_rights" title="Authors' rights">authors' rights</a> (French: <a href="/wiki/Droit_d%27auteur_en_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit d'auteur en France">droits d'auteur</a>, German: <a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_Germany" title="Copyright law of Germany">Urheberrecht</a>).</div></div> </td> <td>Adopted in 1886. Last amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/">Berne Convention</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Convention_Relating_to_the_Distribution_of_Programme-Carrying_Signals_Transmitted_by_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite">Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite</a> </td> <td>The Brussels or Satellites Convention provides for the obligation of each Contracting State to take adequate measures to prevent the unauthorized distribution on or from its territory of any programme-carrying <a href="/wiki/Signal_transmission" title="Signal transmission">signal transmitted</a> by <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellite</a>. </td> <td>Adopted in 1974 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/brussels/">Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madrid_Agreement_for_the_Repression_of_False_or_Deceptive_Indications_of_Source_on_Goods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods (page does not exist)">Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods</a> </td> <td>According to the <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Protocol" title="Madrid Protocol">Madrid Agreement</a>, all goods bearing a false or deceptive indication of source, by which one of the Contracting States, or a place situated therein, is directly or indirectly indicated as being the country or place of origin, must be seized on importation, or such importation must be prohibited, or other actions and sanctions must be applied in connection with such importation. The Agreement provides for the cases and the manner in which seizure may be requested and effected. It prohibits the use, in connection with the sale, display or offering for sale of any goods, of all indications in the nature of publicity capable of deceiving the public as to the source of the goods. It is reserved to the courts of each Contracting State to decide which appellations (other than regional appellations concerning the source of products of the vine) do not, on account of their generic character, come within the scope of the Agreement. The Agreement does not provide for the establishment of a Union, governing body or budget. </td> <td>Adopted on 14 April 1891, revised at Washington on 2 June 1911, at The Hague on 6 November 1925, at London on 2 June 1934, and at Lisbon on 31 October 1958, supplemented by the Additional Act of Stockholm of 14 July 1967 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/madrid/">Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_VIP_Treaty" title="Marrakesh VIP Treaty">Marrakesh VIP Treaty</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_VIP_Treaty" title="Marrakesh VIP Treaty">Marrakesh VIP Treaty</a> (formally the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons who are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled, colloquially Marrakesh Treaty or MVT<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Multilateral_treaty" title="Multilateral treaty">treaty</a> on <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> adopted in <a href="/wiki/Marrakesh" title="Marrakesh">Marrakesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, on 27 June 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Marrakesh_VIP_Treaty_:0-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> It achieved the deposit of 20 instruments of ratification or accession by eligible parties needed for entry into force on June 30, 2016 and entered into force three months later, on September 30, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-Marrakesh_VIP_Treaty_:0-99">[98]</a> As of November 2024, the treaty has 98 contracting parties covering 124 WIPO Member States because the European Union joined as a block.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted on 27 June 2013 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/marrakesh/">Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Visually Impaired Persons or otherwise Print Disabled</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nairobi_Treaty_on_the_Protection_of_the_Olympic_Symbol" class="mw-redirect" title="Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol">Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol</a> </td> <td>The Nairobi Treaty intend to protect the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_symbols" title="Olympic symbols">Olympic symbol</a> – five interlaced rings – against use for commercial purposes without the authorization of the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a>. </td> <td>Adopted at Nairobi on 26 September 1981 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/nairobi/">Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a>, signed in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, on 20 March 1883, is one of the first <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a>. It established a Union for the protection of <a href="/wiki/Industrial_property" title="Industrial property">industrial property</a>. The convention is still in force as of 2024. The substantive provisions of the Convention fall into three main categories: <a href="/wiki/National_treatment" title="National treatment">national treatment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Priority_right" title="Priority right">priority right</a> and common rules.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted on 20 March 1883, revised at Brussels on 14 December 1900, at Washington on 2 June 1911, at The Hague on 6 November 1925, at London on 2 June 1934, at Lisbon on 31 October 1958, and at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, and amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/">Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patent_Law_Treaty" title="Patent Law Treaty">Patent Law Treaty</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Patent_Law_Treaty" title="Patent Law Treaty">Patent Law Treaty</a> (PLT) is a <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> adopted by the World Intellectual Property Organization signed on 1 June 2000 in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, by 53 States and the <a href="/wiki/European_Patent_Organisation" title="European Patent Organisation">European Patent Organisation</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental organization">intergovernmental organization</a>). It entered into force on April 28, 2005. It aims at harmonizing and streamlining formal procedures such as the requirements to obtain a filing date for a <a href="/wiki/Patent_application" title="Patent application">patent application</a>, the form and content of a patent application, and representation. The treaty "does not establish a uniform procedure for all parties to the PLT but leaves parties free to require fewer or more user-friendly requirements than those provided in the PLT."<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> As of February 2023, the PLT had 43 contracting states.<a href="#cite_note-Patent_Law_Treaty_WIPO-list-105">[104]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted at Geneva on 1 June 2000 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/plt/">Patent Law Treaty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Convention_for_the_protection_of_producers_of_phonograms_against_unauthorized_duplication_of_their_phonograms" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention for the protection of producers of phonograms against unauthorized duplication of their phonograms">Geneva Phonograms Convention</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Phonograms_Convention" title="Geneva Phonograms Convention">Geneva Phonograms Convention</a>, is a 1971 international agreement relating to <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> protection for sound recordings.</div></div> </td> <td>Adopted in Geneva in October 1971 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/phonograms/">Geneva Phonograms Convention</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rome_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Performers,_Producers_of_Phonograms_and_Broadcasting_Organisations" title="Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations">Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Rome_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Performers,_Producers_of_Phonograms_and_Broadcasting_Organisations" title="Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations">Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations</a> also known as the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations and the Rome Convention, secures protection in performances for <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performers</a>, in phonograms for producers of phonograms and in broadcasts for broadcasting organizations.</div></div> </td> <td>Adopted in 1961 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/rome/">Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trademark_Law_Treaty" title="Trademark Law Treaty">Trademark Law Treaty</a> </td> <td>The aim of the Trademark Law Treaty (TLT) is to standardize and streamline national and regional <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademark</a> registration procedures. This is achieved through the simplification and harmonization of certain features of those procedures, thus making trademark applications and the administration of trademark registrations in multiple jurisdictions less complex and more predictable. </td> <td>Adopted at Geneva on 27 October 1994 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/tlt">Trademark Law Treaty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Treaty_on_the_Law_of_Trademarks" title="Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks">Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks</a> </td> <td>The objective of the Singapore Treaty is to create an international framework for the harmonization of administrative <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademark</a> registration procedures. It builds on the Trademark Law Treaty of 1994 (TLT), but has a wider scope of application and addresses more recent developments in the field of communication technologies. </td> <td>Adopted at Singapore on 27 March 2006 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/singapore/">Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Washington_Treaty_on_Intellectual_Property_in_Respect_of_Integrated_Circuits&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Washington Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits (page does not exist)">Washington Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits</a> </td> <td>The Washington Treaty was adopted in 1989. It is meant to provide protection for the layout designs (topographies) of <a href="/wiki/Integrated_circuit" title="Integrated circuit">integrated circuits</a>. As of 2023, the Treaty has not yet entered into force, but has been ratified or acceded to by 10 countries.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> See also <a href="/wiki/Integrated_circuit_layout_design_protection" title="Integrated circuit layout design protection">Integrated circuit layout design protection</a>. </td> <td>Adopted at Washington on 26 May 1989 (not yet entered into force). </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/washington/">Washington Treaty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WIPO_Copyright_Treaty" title="WIPO Copyright Treaty">WIPO Copyright Treaty</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The World Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty (<a href="/wiki/WIPO_Copyright_Treaty" title="WIPO Copyright Treaty">WIPO Copyright Treaty</a> or WCT) is an international <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> on <a href="/wiki/Copyright_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright law">copyright law</a> adopted by the member states of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 1996. It provides additional protections for <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> to respond to advances in information technology since the formation of previous copyright treaties before it.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> As of August 2023, the treaty has 115 contracting parties.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> The WCT and <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Performances_and_Phonograms_Treaty" title="WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty">WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty</a>, are together termed WIPO "internet treaties".<a href="#cite_note-WIPO_Copyright_Treaty_ficsor_1997_-109">[108]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted in 1996 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/wct/">WIPO Copyright Treaty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WIPO_Performances_and_Phonograms_Treaty" title="WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty">WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Performances_and_Phonograms_Treaty" title="WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty">WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty</a> (or WPPT) is an international <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> adopted in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> on 20 December 1996.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> It came into effect on 20 May 2002. The treaty deals with the rights of two kinds of beneficiaries, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Digital_environments" title="Digital environments">digital environment</a>: <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performers</a> (actors, singers, musicians, etc.); and producers of <a href="/wiki/Phonorecord" title="Phonorecord">phonograms</a> (persons or legal entities that take the initiative and have the responsibility for the fixation of sounds).<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Adopted in 1996 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/wppt/">WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Global_protection_system_treaties">Global protection system treaties</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Global protection system treaties">edit</a>]</div> Global protection system treaties govern WIPO's services, ensuring that one international registration or filing will have effect in any of the relevant signatory States.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-treaties-90">[89]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th> <th>History<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-prep-92">[91]</a> </th> <th>Treaty text </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Treaty_on_the_International_Recognition_of_the_Deposit_of_Microorganisms" class="mw-redirect" title="Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms">Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure, or <a href="/wiki/Budapest_Treaty" title="Budapest Treaty">Budapest Treaty</a>, is an international <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> signed in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, on April 28, 1977. It entered into force on August 19, 1980,<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> and was later amended on September 26, 1980. The treaty is administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).</div></div> </td> <td>Done at Budapest on 28 April 1977, and amended on 26 September 1980 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/budapest">Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hague_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Deposit_of_Industrial_Designs" title="Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs">Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Hague_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Deposit_of_Industrial_Designs" title="Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs">Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs</a>, also known as the <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Hague_System" title="WIPO Hague System">Hague system</a>, provides a mechanism for registering an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design" title="Industrial design">industrial design</a> in several countries by means of a single application, filed in one language, with one set of fees. The system is administered by WIPO.</div></div> </td> <td>Of 6 November 1925, revised at London on 2 June 1934, at The Hague on 28 November 1960, supplemented by the Additional Act of Monaco of 18 November 1961, the Complementary Act of Stockholm of 14 July 1967 amended on 28 September 1979, and the Protocol of Geneva on 29 August 1975, and at Geneva on 2 July 1999 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/hague/">Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Agreement_for_the_Protection_of_Appellations_of_Origin_and_their_International_Registration" title="Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration">Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Agreement_for_the_Protection_of_Appellations_of_Origin_and_their_International_Registration" title="Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration">Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration</a>, signed on 31 October 1958, ensures that in member countries, <a href="/wiki/Appellation_of_origin" class="mw-redirect" title="Appellation of origin">appellations of origin</a> receive protection when are protected in their country of origin. It lays down provisions for what qualifies as an appellation of origin, protection measures and establishes an <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Register_of_Appellations_of_Origin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Register of Appellations of Origin (page does not exist)">International Register of Appellations of Origin</a>, run by the World Intellectual Property Organization. The agreement came into force in 1966, and was revised at Stockholm (1967) and amended in 1979 and 2015. As of July 2022, 39 states are party to the convention and 1000 appellations of origin has been registered.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Of 31 October 1958, revised at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, amended on 28 September 1979, and the Geneva Act adopted by the Diplomatic Conference on 20 May 2015 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/lisbon/">Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madrid_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid system">Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a> </td> <td>The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks is governed by the Madrid Agreement, concluded in 1891, and the Protocol relating to that Agreement, concluded in 1989. The system makes it possible to protect a <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">mark</a> in a large number of countries by obtaining an international registration that has effect in each of the designated Contracting Parties. </td> <td>Of 14 April 1891, revised at Brussels on 14 December 1900, at Washington on 2 June 1911, at The Hague on 6 November 1925, at London on 2 June 1934, at Nice on 15 June 1957, and at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, and amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid/">Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Relating_to_the_Madrid_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Registration_of_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks">Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a> </td> <td>The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks is governed by the Madrid Agreement, concluded in 1891, and the Protocol relating to that Agreement, concluded in 1989. The system makes it possible to protect a mark in a large number of countries by obtaining an international registration that has effect in each of the designated Contracting Parties. </td> <td>Adopted at Madrid on 27 June 1989, amended on 3 October 2006 and on 12 November 2007 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid_protocol/">Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> (PCT) is an international <a href="/wiki/Patent_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Patent law">patent law</a> <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a>, concluded in 1970. It provides a unified procedure for filing <a href="/wiki/Patent_application" title="Patent application">patent applications</a> to protect <a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">inventions</a> in each of its contracting states. A patent application filed under the PCT is called an international application, or PCT application.</div></div> </td> <td>Done at Washington on 19 June 1970, amended on 28 September 1979, modified on 3 February 1984, and on 3 October 2001 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/pct/">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Classification_treaties">Classification treaties</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Classification treaties">edit</a>]</div> Classification treaties that create classification systems that organize information concerning inventions, trademarks and industrial designs.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-treaties-90">[89]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th> <th>History<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-prep-92">[91]</a> </th> <th>Treaty text </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Locarno_Agreement_Establishing_an_International_Classification_for_Industrial_Designs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs (page does not exist)">Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs</a> </td> <td>The Locarno Agreement establishes a classification for <a href="/wiki/Industrial_design" title="Industrial design">industrial designs</a> (the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Locarno_Classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Locarno Classification (page does not exist)">Locarno Classification</a>) </td> <td>Signed at Locarno on 8 October 1968, and amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/locarno/">Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nice_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Classification_of_Goods_and_Services_for_the_Purposes_of_the_Registration_of_Marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks">Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> <a href="/wiki/International_(Nice)_Classification_of_Goods_and_Services" title="International (Nice) Classification of Goods and Services">International Classification of Goods and Services</a> also known as the <a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a> <a href="/wiki/Classification" title="Classification">Classification</a> was established by the Nice Agreement (1957),<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> is a system of classifying <a href="/wiki/Good_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Good (economics)">goods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Service_(economics)" title="Service (economics)">services</a> for the purpose of registering <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademarks</a>. It is updated every five years and its latest 11th<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> version of the system groups products into 45 classes (classes 1-34 include goods and classes 35-45 embrace services), and allows users seeking to trademark a good or service to choose from these classes as appropriate. Since the system is recognized in numerous countries, this makes applying for trademarks internationally a more streamlined process. The classification system is specified by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).</div></div> </td> <td>Of 15 June 1957, revised at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, and at Geneva on 13 May 1977, and amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/nice/">Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Patent_Classification" title="Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification">Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification</a> </td> <td><div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><div class="excerpt"> The <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Patent_Classification" title="Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification">Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification</a> (or IPC), also known as the IPC Agreement, is an international <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> that established a common classification for <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patents</a> for <a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">invention</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inventors%27_certificate" class="mw-redirect" title="Inventors' certificate">inventors' certificates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utility_model" title="Utility model">utility models</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utility_certificate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utility certificate (page does not exist)">utility certificates</a>, known as the "<a href="/wiki/International_Patent_Classification" title="International Patent Classification">International Patent Classification</a>" (IPC).<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> The treaty was signed in <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, on 24 March 1971; it entered into force on 7 October 1975<a href="#cite_note-Strasbourg_Agreement_Concerning_the_International_Patent_Classification_entry-into-force-118">[117]</a> and was amended on 28 September 1979. The Agreement and the certified statement were registered by the World Intellectual Property Organization on 28 February 1980.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a></div></div> </td> <td>Of 24 March 1971, and amended on 28 September 1979 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/strasbourg/">Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vienna_Agreement_Establishing_an_International_Classification_of_the_Figurative_Elements_of_Marks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks (page does not exist)">Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks</a> </td> <td>The Vienna Agreement establishes a classification (the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vienna_Classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vienna Classification (page does not exist)">Vienna Classification</a>) for marks that consist of, or contain, figurative elements. </td> <td>Done at Vienna on 12 June 1973, and amended on 1 October 1985 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/vienna/">Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policy_work">Policy work</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Policy work">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genetic_resources,_traditional_knowledge_and_traditional_cultural_expressions">Genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions">edit</a>]</div> For years, many local communities, <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">Indigenous peoples</a> and governments have sought effective <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> (IP) protection for traditional cultural expressions (folklore) and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_knowledge" title="Traditional knowledge">traditional knowledge</a> as tradition-based forms of ingenuity and creativity.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> As a living body of knowledge developed, sustained and passed on from generation to generation within a community, it is not easily protected under the current IP system, which typically grants protection for a limited period to new inventions and original works as private rights.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> Some <a href="/wiki/Germplasm" title="Germplasm">genetic resources</a>, too, are linked to traditional knowledge and related practices through their use and conservation by Indigenous peoples and local communities. Although genetic resources, as encountered in nature, are not eligible for IP protection, <a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">inventions</a> based on or developed with the use of genetic resources may be <a href="/wiki/Patentability" title="Patentability">patentable</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> Since 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Committee_on_Intellectual_Property_and_Genetic_Resources,_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Folklore" title="Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore">Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore</a> (IGC) has been negotiating the text of one or several legal instruments on the matter. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_health">Global health</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Global health">edit</a>]</div> WIPO Re:Search is a public-private partnership between WIPO and the non-profit BIO Ventures for Global Health focused on early-stage medical research and development against <a href="/wiki/Neglected_tropical_diseases" title="Neglected tropical diseases">neglected tropical diseases</a> (NTDs), malaria and <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> It has 150 members, including eight of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> WIPO Re:Search supports collaborations between scientific institutions and pharmaceutical companies all over the world with the goal to advance research for medicines, treatment methods and diagnostic techniques against the neglected tropical diseases that affect over 1 billion people worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> Through these collaborations as well as its fellowship program, WIPO Re:Search provides shared compound libraries, repurposing methods, capacity building and works on the growth of international scientific networks.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_technologies">Green technologies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Green technologies">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_GREEN" title="WIPO GREEN">WIPO GREEN</a></div> WIPO GREEN is a free to access online marketplace for <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_design" title="Sustainable design">sustainable technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> It consists of three main elements: WIPO GREEN online database of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_technology" title="Environmental technology">green technologies</a> and needs, WIPO GREEN Acceleration Projects, and WIPO GREEN partners network.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> It has a network of 146 partners and aims to bring together organizations in green technology help the implementation and diffusion of green technologies around the world.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> The WIPO GREEN database is an online platform where green technology inventors can promote their products and businesses, organizations, governments who are looking for green technologies can explain their needs and seek collaboration with providers.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> WIPO GREEN 'acceleration projects' are organized annually in different countries or regions of the world, in collaboration with local organizations.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> These projects usually address a particular field and connect providers and seekers of green technologies.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Judicial_Institute">WIPO Judicial Institute</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: WIPO Judicial Institute">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Judicial_Institute" title="WIPO Judicial Institute">WIPO Judicial Institute</a></div> The WIPO Judicial Institute was established in 2019 to coordinate and lead WIPO's work with national and regional <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judiciaries</a>. This work includes convening international meetings between judges, implementing judicial capacity building activities, producing resources and publications for use by judges, and administering the <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Lex" title="WIPO Lex">WIPO Lex</a> database that provides free public access to intellectual property (IP) laws, treaties and judicial decisions from around the world. WIPO has also established an advisory board of Judges, currently comprising 12 members who serve in their personal capacity.<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Academy">WIPO Academy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: WIPO Academy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Academy" title="WIPO Academy">WIPO Academy</a></div> The WIPO Academy is the training arm of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), it was established in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> It offers intellectual property (IP) education, training and IP skills-building to <a href="/wiki/Official" title="Official">government officials</a>, <a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">inventors</a>, creators, business professionals, <a href="/wiki/Small_and_medium-sized_enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Small and medium-sized enterprises">small and medium enterprises</a> (SMEs), academics, students and individuals interested in IP.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> The Academy hosts IP courses through its four programs: the Professional Development Program, University Partnerships, Distance Learning and WIPO Summer Schools.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Standing_Committee_on_Copyright_and_Related_Rights">The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights">edit</a>]</div> The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR) was created in the 1998 to examine issues in the field of <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> and related rights on <a href="/wiki/Substantive_law" title="Substantive law">substantive law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harmonisation_of_law" title="Harmonisation of law">harmonization</a>. The Committee includes all member states of WIPO, some member states of the United Nations who are not members of WIPO, and a number of non-governmental and intergovernmental observers. The Committee meets twice per year and formulates recommendations for consideration by the WIPO General Assembly. The main topics currently under discussion are the protection of broadcasting organizations and limitations and exceptions. Copyright in the digital environment, the <a href="/wiki/Droit_de_suite" title="Droit de suite">resale royalty right</a>, public lending right and the rights of theater directors are also being discussed within the Committee.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_Intellectual_Property_Day">World Intellectual Property Day</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: World Intellectual Property Day">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Day" title="World Intellectual Property Day">World Intellectual Property Day</a></div> World Intellectual Property Day is an annual global public awareness campaign to "highlight the role and contribution of intellectual property in the economic, cultural and social development of all countries as well as to raise public awareness and understanding in this field of human endeavor." In 2000, WIPO's Member States formally designated 26 April – the day on which the WIPO Convention came into force in 1970 – as World Intellectual Property Day. The first World Intellectual Property Day was held in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sectors_and_divisions">Sectors and divisions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sectors and divisions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economics_and_Statistics_Division">Economics and Statistics Division</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Economics and Statistics Division">edit</a>]</div> WIPO's Economics and Statistics Division gathers data on intellectual property activity worldwide and publishes statistics to the public. The Division also conducts economic analysis on how government IP and innovation policies affect economic performance.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure_and_Platforms_Sector">Infrastructure and Platforms Sector</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Infrastructure and Platforms Sector">edit</a>]</div> The Infrastructure and Platforms sector develops, implements and maintains the various databases,<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Neither this source nor any of the following nine in the same sub-section mentions the term "Infrastructure and Platforms sector" or "Infrastructure and Platforms Sector" (not sure what the correct capitalization is). (September 2021)">failed verification</a>] tools<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> and platforms<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> of the Organization that are targeted at and used by intellectual property offices, legal professionals, researchers, and other specialized users. The sector also covers the use of 'frontier technologies' such as artificial intelligence and coordinates WIPO's overall customer goals, strategies and tools.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diplomatic_Engagement_and_Assemblies_Affairs_Division">Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division">edit</a>]</div> The Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division is directly under the supervision of the Director General, it focuses on engagement with the diplomatic community in Geneva through events, meetings and overseeing the administrative, logistical and other aspects of key meetings including the Assemblies of WIPO. The Division is also responsible for supervising the full range of protocol services across the Organization. Specifically, the Division is responsible for meeting all the Director General's representation and hospitality protocol-related needs and protocol-related needs for meetings and events.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_Knowledge_Division">Traditional Knowledge Division</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Traditional Knowledge Division">edit</a>]</div> The Traditional Knowledge Division carries out WIPO's work on genetic resources, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_cultural_expressions" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional cultural expressions">traditional cultural expressions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_knowledge" title="Traditional knowledge">traditional knowledge</a> through its seven service areas.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> These include supporting indigenous and local community entrepreneurship in making strategic and effective use of intellectual property tools in their businesses; providing intellectual property advice on the documentation of traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions; organizing hands-on training, mentoring and distance learning programs; and acting as a global reference of information resources on the intersection of IP and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions, as well as maintaining a repository of regional, national and community experiences. The Traditional Knowledge Division is also responsible for facilitating multilateral negotiations in the WIPO <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Committee_on_Intellectual_Property_and_Genetic_Resources,_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Folklore" title="Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore">Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications_and_databases">Publications and databases</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Publications and databases">edit</a>]</div> WIPO publishes around 40 new titles a year, which are translated and published in the <a href="/wiki/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations" title="Official languages of the United Nations">official languages of the United Nations</a>: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-publications-164">[163]</a> The WIPO Knowledge Repository holds the archive of WIPO publications and documentations since 1885, as well as a library of academic research literature on intellectual property.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> WIPO adopted an <a href="/wiki/Open-access_mandate" title="Open-access mandate">Open Access</a> Policy in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> Its publications are free to reuse and modify, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-publications-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Flagship publications </th> <th>Databases </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_Innovation_Index" title="Global Innovation Index">Global Innovation Index</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/WIPO_Lex" title="WIPO Lex">WIPOLex</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Report" title="World Intellectual Property Report">World Intellectual Property Report</a><a href="#cite_note-WIPO-innovation-170">[169]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/PATENTSCOPE" class="mw-redirect" title="PATENTSCOPE">PATENTSCOPE</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators" title="World Intellectual Property Indicators">World Intellectual Property Indicators</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_Brand_Database" title="Global Brand Database">Global Brand Database</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>WIPO Magazine<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/WIPO_GREEN" title="WIPO GREEN">WIPO GREEN</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Green Technology Book<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_Design_Database" title="Global Design Database">Global Design Database</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>PCT Yearly Review<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> </td> <td>Madrid Monitor<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Madrid Yearly Review<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> </td> <td>IP Statistics Data Center<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hague Yearly Review<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Article_6ter" title="Article 6ter">Article 6ter</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>WIPO Technology Trends<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> </td> <td>Hague Express<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>WIPO IP Facts and Figures<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> </td> <td>Lisbon Express<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>WIPO Pearl<a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Access to Research for Development and Innovation (ARDI)<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Access to Specialized Patent Information (ASPI)<a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Pat-Informed<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_Innovation_Index">Global Innovation Index</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Global Innovation Index">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Global_Innovation_Index" title="Global Innovation Index">Global Innovation Index</a></div> The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization. It was started in 2007 by <a href="/wiki/INSEAD" title="INSEAD">INSEAD</a> and World Business,<a href="#cite_note-Aubert-2010-192">[191]</a> a British magazine. Until 2021 it was published by WIPO, in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a>, <a href="/wiki/INSEAD" title="INSEAD">INSEAD</a>, and other organisations and institutions,.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Aubert-2010-192">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_Intellectual_Property_Report">World Intellectual Property Report</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: World Intellectual Property Report">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Report" title="World Intellectual Property Report">World Intellectual Property Report</a></div> The World Intellectual Property Report is a biennial analytical publication by WIPO, first published in 2011. Each report examines a different theme, focusing on trends in a particular area of <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> and <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>. The report uses macroeconomic analysis and includes case studies to examine the role of intellectual property and other intangibles in the global economy.<a href="#cite_note-WIPO-innovation-170">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators">World Intellectual Property Indicators</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: World Intellectual Property Indicators">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators" title="World Intellectual Property Indicators">World Intellectual Property Indicators</a></div> Since 2009, WIPO has published the annual World Intellectual Property Indicators, providing a wide range of indicators covering the areas of <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a> It draws on data from national and regional <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_Property_Office_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Intellectual Property Office (disambiguation)">IP offices</a>, WIPO, the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, and <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Lex">WIPO Lex</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: WIPO Lex">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Lex" title="WIPO Lex">WIPO Lex</a></div> WIPO Lex is an online global database launched in 2010,<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a> which provides free public access to <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> laws, treaties and judicial decisions from around the world. In 2022, the WIPO Lex database contained 48,000 national, regional and international legal documents relating to intellectual property, with access in the six <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a> languages.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Magazine">WIPO Magazine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: WIPO Magazine">edit</a>]</div> WIPO Magazine,<a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> the organization's flagship outreach publication, is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish). Established in 1999, and online since 2005,<a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a> WIPO Magazine explores the worlds of innovation and creativity, and the role of IP in advancing human progress. The WIPO Magazine features a range of articles on how people around the world are using IP rights to advance their goals and support national economic development. It also includes expert commentary on the latest "hot topics" relating to IP policy and practice. The WIPO Magazine is free of charge. In January 2023, it moved to a digital-only format. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PATENTSCOPE">PATENTSCOPE</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: PATENTSCOPE">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/PATENTSCOPE" class="mw-redirect" title="PATENTSCOPE">PATENTSCOPE</a></div> PATENTSCOPE is a public patent database provided by WIPO that serves as an official publication source for patent applications filed under the <a href="/wiki/Patent_Cooperation_Treaty" title="Patent Cooperation Treaty">Patent Cooperation Treaty</a> and covers numerous national and regional patent collections. In 2021 it held over 100 million patent documents including 4.2 million published international patent applications. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Green_Technology_Book">The Green Technology Book</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: The Green Technology Book">edit</a>]</div> In November 2022 at <a href="/wiki/2022_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference">UNFCCC COP27</a>, WIPO introduced its new Flagship publication the Green Technology Book.<a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a> This digital-first publication aims to put <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>, technology and <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> at the forefront in the fight against <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>. The inaugural edition of this annual publication focused on available solutions for climate-change adaptation to reduce vulnerability as well as to increase resilience to the <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change" title="Effects of climate change">impacts of climate change</a>. The book was created in cooperation with the Climate Technology Center and Network (CTCN) and the Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASTR). It features 200 adaptation technologies, which are also available in the <a href="/wiki/WIPO_GREEN" title="WIPO GREEN">WIPO GREEN</a> database of innovative technologies and needs.<a href="#cite_note-202">[201]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WIPO_Pearl">WIPO Pearl</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: WIPO Pearl">edit</a>]</div> The WIPO Pearl database was created in 2014. It gives access to scientific and technical terms derived from <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a> documents. It aims to promote accurate and consistent use of terms across different languages, and to make it easier to search and share scientific and technical knowledge. It operates in ten languages.<a href="#cite_note-203">[202]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directors_General">Directors General</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Directors General">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daren_Tang,_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_(WIPO).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg/220px-Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg/330px-Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg/440px-Daren_Tang%2C_Director_General_of_the_World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_%28WIPO%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2282" data-file-height="3423" /></a><figcaption>Current WIPO Director General <a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a> (2020)</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>WIPO Directors General<a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No.</th> <th>Term</th> <th>Name</th> <th>From </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1970–1973</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georg_Bodenhausen" title="Georg Bodenhausen">Georg Bodenhausen</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>1973–1997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_Bogsch" title="Árpád Bogsch">Árpád Bogsch</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>1997–2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamil_Idris" title="Kamil Idris">Kamil Eltayeb Idris</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>2008–2020</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_Gurry" title="Francis Gurry">Francis Gurry</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ccffcc"> <td>5</td> <td>2020–present</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> On 1 October 2020, <a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a> of Singapore succeeded Gurry as Director General.<a href="#cite_note-205">[204]</a> His candidacy was backed by the United States and 54 other countries over China's preferred candidate, Wang Binying,<a href="#cite_note-206">[205]</a> who received 28 votes out of the 83 voting members.<a href="#cite_note-207">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Counterfeiting_Trade_Agreement" title="Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement">Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_organization" title="Intellectual property organization">Intellectual property organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parties_to_international_copyright_agreements" title="List of parties to international copyright agreements">List of parties to international copyright agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Domain-Name_Dispute-Resolution_Policy" title="Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy">Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization_treaties" title="Category:World Intellectual Property Organization treaties">World Intellectual Property Organization treaties</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> In some sources,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> the UN indicates that there are 17 specialized agencies, when counting the <a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">International Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (IBRD), the <a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">International Finance Corporation</a> (IFC), and the <a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">International Development Association</a> (IDA), all part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a> (WBG), as individual specialized agencies. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019223038/http://legal.un.org/repertory/art17/english/rep_supp10_vol2_art17_3_e_advance.pdf">"Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs Supplement No. 10 (2000–2009) – Article 17(3)"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legal.un.org/repertory/art17/english/rep_supp10_vol2_art17_3_e_advance.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013. <q>The number of specialized agencies thus rose to fifteen.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Repertory+of+Practice+of+United+Nations+Organs+Supplement+No.+10+%282000%E2%80%932009%29+%E2%80%93+Article+17%283%29&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flegal.un.org%2Frepertory%2Fart17%2Fenglish%2Frep_supp10_vol2_art17_3_e_advance.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ask.un.org/faq/140935">"What are UN specialized agencies, and how many are there?"</a>. Dag Hammarskjöld Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201628/http://ask.un.org/faq/140935">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2018. <q>There are currently 15 specialized agencies: ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+are+UN+specialized+agencies%2C+and+how+many+are+there%3F&rft.pub=Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fask.un.org%2Ffaq%2F140935&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.un.org/en/docs/unsystem/sa">"UN Specialized Agencies"</a>. Dag Hammarskjöld Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201704/http://research.un.org/en/docs/unsystem/sa">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2018. <q>There are 17 Specialized Agencies: ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UN+Specialized+Agencies&rft.pub=Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.un.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Funsystem%2Fsa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.un.org/c.php?g=756034&p=5435564#s-lg-box-wrapper-20157664">"World Bank Group"</a>. Dag Hammarskjöld Library / UN System Documentation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083104/http://research.un.org/c.php?g=756034&p=5435564#s-lg-box-wrapper-20157664">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2018. <q>... IBRD, IFC and IDA are Specialized Agencies of the UN ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Bank+Group&rft.pub=Dag+Hammarskj%C3%B6ld+Library+%2F+UN+System+Documentation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresearch.un.org%2Fc.php%3Fg%3D756034%26p%3D5435564%23s-lg-box-wrapper-20157664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511143316/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/trtdocs_wo029.html">"Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization signed at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, Preamble, second paragraph"</a>. Wipo.int. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/trtdocs_wo029.html">the original</a> on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Convention+Establishing+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization+signed+at+Stockholm+on+14+July+1967%2C+Preamble%2C+second+paragraph&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fconvention%2Ftrtdocs_wo029.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dg_tang/">"Director General Daren Tang on WIPO Website"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201014235451/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dg_tang/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Director+General+Daren+Tang+on+WIPO+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fabout-wipo%2Fen%2Fdg_tang%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/index.html">"Inside WIPO"</a>. wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200526152153/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2020. 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Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treaties+administered+by+WIPO+%E2%80%93+Consulted+26+June+2013&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0024.html">"Daren Tang Assumes Functions as WIPO Director General"</a>. Wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201008063114/https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0024.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daren+Tang+Assumes+Functions+as+WIPO+Director+General&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fpressroom%2Fen%2Farticles%2F2020%2Farticle_0024.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/offices/index.html">"WIPO External Offices"</a>. 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Retrieved 4 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+members+states+of+WIPO&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fmembers%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWIPO2011" class="citation web cs1">WIPO (25 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/members/en/organizations.jsp">"Palestine WIPO status"</a>. Wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120611064658/http://www.wipo.int/members/en/organizations.jsp">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palestine+WIPO+status&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.date=2011-11-25&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fmembers%2Fen%2Forganizations.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/index.html">"Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property"</a>. wipo.int. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=Paris+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Industrial+Property&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fip%2Fparis%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogschOrganizationIntellectuelleEigentum1983" class="citation journal cs1">Bogsch, Árpád; Organization, World Intellectual Property; Intellectuelle, Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété; Eigentum, Weltorganisation Für Geistiges (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/28775">"The Paris convention for the protection of industrial property from 1883 to 1983"</a>. WIPO Knowledge Repository. WIPO publication: 23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.28775">10.34667/tind.28775</a>. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIPO+Knowledge+Repository&rft.atitle=The+Paris+convention+for+the+protection+of+industrial+property+from+1883+to+1983.&rft.pages=23&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.28775&rft.aulast=Bogsch&rft.aufirst=%C3%81rp%C3%A1d&rft.au=Organization%2C+World+Intellectual+Property&rft.au=Intellectuelle%2C+Organisation+Mondiale+De+La+Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft.au=Eigentum%2C+Weltorganisation+F%C3%BCr+Geistiges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F28775&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrganization1991" class="citation book cs1">Organization, World Intellectual Property (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/28736">The First Hundred Years of the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks</a>. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789280503241" title="Special:BookSources/9789280503241"><bdi>9789280503241</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Hundred+Years+of+the+Madrid+Agreement+Concerning+the+International+Registration+of+Marks.&rft.pub=World+Intellectual+Property+Organization+%28WIPO%29&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9789280503241&rft.aulast=Organization&rft.aufirst=World+Intellectual+Property&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F28736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/index.html">"Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works"</a>. wipo.int. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=Berne+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Literary+and+Artistic+Works&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fip%2Fberne%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/summary_berne.html">"Summary of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886)"</a>. wipo.int. Retrieved 9 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=Summary+of+the+Berne+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Literary+and+Artistic+Works+%281886%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fip%2Fberne%2Fsummary_berne.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid/index.html">"Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks"</a>. wipo.int. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=Madrid+Agreement+Concerning+the+International+Registration+of+Marks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fregistration%2Fmadrid%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrganizationIntellectuelle1992" class="citation book cs1">Organization, World Intellectual Property; Intellectuelle, Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758">The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992</a>. WIPO publication. International Bureau of Intellectual Property. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.28758">10.34667/tind.28758</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789280504217" title="Special:BookSources/9789280504217"><bdi>9789280504217</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+first+twenty-five+years+of+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization%2C+from+1967+to+1992.&rft.series=WIPO+publication&rft.pub=International+Bureau+of+Intellectual+Property&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.28758&rft.isbn=9789280504217&rft.aulast=Organization&rft.aufirst=World+Intellectual+Property&rft.au=Intellectuelle%2C+Organisation+Mondiale+De+La+Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F28758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArtistiques1936" class="citation journal cs1">Artistiques, Union Internationale Pour La Protection Des Oeuvres Littéraires Et (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/30462">"Union internationale pour la protection des oeuvres littéraires et artistiques 1886-1936"</a>. WIPO Knowledge Repository. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.30462">10.34667/tind.30462</a>. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIPO+Knowledge+Repository&rft.atitle=Union+internationale+pour+la+protection+des+oeuvres+litt%C3%A9raires+et+artistiques+1886-1936.&rft.date=1936&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.30462&rft.aulast=Artistiques&rft.aufirst=Union+Internationale+Pour+La+Protection+Des+Oeuvres+Litt%C3%A9raires+Et&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F30462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/">"World Intellectual Property Day – 26 April"</a>. WIPO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180103054344/http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Intellectual+Property+Day+%E2%80%93+26+April&rft.pub=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fip-outreach%2Fen%2Fipday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrganizationIntellectuelle1992" class="citation book cs1">Organization, World Intellectual Property; Intellectuelle, Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758">The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992</a>. WIPO publication. International Bureau of Intellectual Property. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.28758">10.34667/tind.28758</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789280504217" title="Special:BookSources/9789280504217"><bdi>9789280504217</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+first+twenty-five+years+of+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization%2C+from+1967+to+1992.&rft.series=WIPO+publication&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=International+Bureau+of+Intellectual+Property&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.28758&rft.isbn=9789280504217&rft.aulast=Organization&rft.aufirst=World+Intellectual+Property&rft.au=Intellectuelle%2C+Organisation+Mondiale+De+La+Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F28758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWIPO" class="citation web cs1">WIPO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/agreement/index.html">"Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization"</a>. Wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120110165641/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/agreement/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agreement+between+the+United+Nations+and+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Ftreaties%2Fen%2Fagreement%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ciel.org/Publications/CitizensGuide_WIPO_Oct07.pdf">"Shabalala et al. A Citizen's Guide to WIPO"</a> (PDF). Ciel.org. 2007. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927145226/http://www.ciel.org/Publications/CitizensGuide_WIPO_Oct07.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shabalala+et+al.+A+Citizen%27s+Guide+to+WIPO&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Ciel.org&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciel.org%2FPublications%2FCitizensGuide_WIPO_Oct07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrganizationIntellectuelle1992" class="citation book cs1">Organization, World Intellectual Property; Intellectuelle, Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758">The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992</a>. WIPO publication. International Bureau of Intellectual Property. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.28758">10.34667/tind.28758</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789280504217" title="Special:BookSources/9789280504217"><bdi>9789280504217</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+first+twenty-five+years+of+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization%2C+from+1967+to+1992.&rft.series=WIPO+publication&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=International+Bureau+of+Intellectual+Property&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.28758&rft.isbn=9789280504217&rft.aulast=Organization&rft.aufirst=World+Intellectual+Property&rft.au=Intellectuelle%2C+Organisation+Mondiale+De+La+Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftind.wipo.int%2Frecord%2F28758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_28-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng2023" class="citation book cs1">Cheng, Wenting (2023). China in Global Governance of Intellectual Property: Implications for Global Distributive Justice. Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies series. <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-031-24369-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-031-24369-1"><bdi>978-3-031-24369-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China+in+Global+Governance+of+Intellectual+Property%3A+Implications+for+Global+Distributive+Justice&rft.series=Palgrave+Socio-Legal+Studies+series&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-3-031-24369-1&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Wenting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cptech.org/ip/wipo/genevadeclaration.html">"Consumer Project on Technology web site, Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization"</a>. Cptech.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131126095633/http://www.cptech.org/ip/wipo/genevadeclaration.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Project+on+Technology+web+site%2C+Geneva+Declaration+on+the+Future+of+the+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization&rft.pub=Cptech.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cptech.org%2Fip%2Fwipo%2Fgenevadeclaration.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWIPO2009" class="citation web cs1">WIPO (6 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/recommendations.html">"The 45 Adopted Recommendations under the WIPO Development Agenda"</a>. Wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022164338/http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/recommendations.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+45+Adopted+Recommendations+under+the+WIPO+Development+Agenda&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.date=2009-08-06&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fip-development%2Fen%2Fagenda%2Frecommendations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cptech.org/a2k/">"Consumer Project on Technology web site, Access to Knowledge (A2K)"</a>. Cptech.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808125833/http://www.cptech.org/a2k/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Project+on+Technology+web+site%2C+Access+to+Knowledge+%28A2K%29&rft.pub=Cptech.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cptech.org%2Fa2k%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWIPO2011" class="citation web cs1">WIPO (14 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/wipr/">"World Intellectual Property Report"</a>. Wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013122624/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/wipr">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Intellectual+Property+Report&rft.pub=Wipo.int&rft.date=2011-11-14&rft.au=WIPO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fecon_stat%2Fen%2Feconomics%2Fwipr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/content.aspx?page=GII-Home">"The Global Innovation Index 2014 – The Human Factor in Innovation"</a>. Global Innovation Index. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150427034050/http://www.globalinnovationindex.org/content.aspx?page=GII-Home">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2015. 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Quartz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201119120833/https://qz.com/1908836/china-blocks-wikimedia-from-un-agency-wipo-over-taiwan-dispute/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2020. 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Retrieved 11 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=Pat-INFORMED&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fpatinformed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aubert-2010-192">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aubert-2010_192-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aubert-2010_192-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAubert2010" class="citation book cs1">Aubert, Jean-Eric (25 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wRq3fB9Hwr8C&pg=PA203">Innovation Policy: A Guide for Developing Countries</a>. World Bank Publications. p. 203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-8301-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-8301-8"><bdi>978-0-8213-8301-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Innovation+Policy%3A+A+Guide+for+Developing+Countries&rft.pages=203&rft.pub=World+Bank+Publications&rft.date=2010-05-25&rft.isbn=978-0-8213-8301-8&rft.aulast=Aubert&rft.aufirst=Jean-Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwRq3fB9Hwr8C%26pg%3DPA203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthewsBrueggemann2015" class="citation book cs1">Matthews, Charles H.; Brueggemann, Ralph (12 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f9gqBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA333">Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Competency Framework</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-80210-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-80210-5"><bdi>978-1-317-80210-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Innovation+and+Entrepreneurship%3A+A+Competency+Framework&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015-03-12&rft.isbn=978-1-317-80210-5&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Charles+H.&rft.au=Brueggemann%2C+Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df9gqBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-ranked-as-world-leader-in-innovation">"UK ranked as world-leader in innovation"</a>. GOV.UK. Retrieved 7 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.UK&rft.atitle=UK+ranked+as+world-leader+in+innovation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fuk-ranked-as-world-leader-in-innovation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorld_Intellectual_Property_Organization_(WIPO)2018" class="citation book cs1">World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4369">World Intellectual Property Indicators</a>. World IP Indicators (WIPI). World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.34667%2Ftind.28222">10.34667/tind.28222</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789280529845" title="Special:BookSources/9789280529845"><bdi>9789280529845</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190529160006/https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4369">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Intellectual+Property+Indicators&rft.series=World+IP+Indicators+%28WIPI%29&rft.pub=World+Intellectual+Property+Organization+%28WIPO%29&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.34667%2Ftind.28222&rft.isbn=9789280529845&rft.au=World+Intellectual+Property+Organization+%28WIPO%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fpublications%2Fen%2Fdetails.jsp%3Fid%3D4369&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.html">"Launch of World Intellectual Property Indicators – 2015 Edition"</a>. wipo.int. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160412190020/http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2016. 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Retrieved 1 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=WIPO+Launches+One-Stop+Search+%26+Reference+Tool+for+IP+Laws+and+Treaties&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fpressroom%2Fen%2Farticles%2F2010%2Farticle_0033.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2021.pdf">"IP for the Good of Everyone. Report of the Director General to the 2021 WIPO Assemblies"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/WIPO" class="mw-redirect" title="WIPO">WIPO</a>. 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211001171202/https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2021.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 1 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WIPO&rft.atitle=IP+for+the+Good+of+Everyone.+Report+of+the+Director+General+to+the+2021+WIPO+Assemblies&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fedocs%2Fpubdocs%2Fen%2Fwipo_pub_1050_2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/">"WIPO Magazine"</a>. wipo.int.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=WIPO+Magazine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fwipo_magazine%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/list.jsp">"WIPO Magazine Archive"</a>. wipo.int.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=WIPO+Magazine+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fwipo_magazine%2Fen%2Flist.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/collection-collections/146441">"The Green Technology Book"</a>. wipogreen.wipo.int. Retrieved 28 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipogreen.wipo.int&rft.atitle=The+Green+Technology+Book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwipogreen.wipo.int%2Fwipogreen-database%2Fcollection-collections%2F146441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/database">"Wipogreen Database"</a>. wipogreen.wipo.int. Retrieved 27 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipogreen.wipo.int&rft.atitle=Wipogreen+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwipogreen.wipo.int%2Fwipogreen-database%2Fdatabase&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/reference/en/wipopearl/index.html">"WIPO Pearl – WIPO's Multilingual Terminology Portal"</a>. wipo.int. Retrieved 19 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wipo.int&rft.atitle=WIPO+Pearl+%E2%80%93+WIPO%27s+Multilingual+Terminology+Portal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Freference%2Fen%2Fwipopearl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirkbeck2016" class="citation book cs1">Birkbeck, Carolyn Deere (25 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fcqxCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39">The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO): A Reference Guide</a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781785364785" title="Special:BookSources/9781785364785"><bdi>9781785364785</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720095434/https://books.google.com/books?id=fcqxCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Intellectual+Property+Organization+%28WIPO%29%3A+A+Reference+Guide&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2016-03-25&rft.isbn=9781785364785&rft.aulast=Birkbeck&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+Deere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfcqxCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dgo/news/2020/news_0017.html">"WIPO Director General Congratulates Singapore's Daren Tang on Nomination for Post of Director General"</a>. WIPO. 5 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328153844/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dgo/news/2020/news_0017.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WIPO&rft.atitle=WIPO+Director+General+Congratulates+Singapore%27s+Daren+Tang+on+Nomination+for+Post+of+Director+General&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fabout-wipo%2Fen%2Fdgo%2Fnews%2F2020%2Fnews_0017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagnier2020" class="citation news cs1">Magnier, Mark (5 March 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3065078/singapore-official-set-win-leadership-un-intellectual-property-agency">"Singapore official beats China in votes for UN intellectual property unit"</a>. South China Morning Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200509132718/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3065078/singapore-official-set-win-leadership-un-intellectual-property-agency">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Singapore+official+beats+China+in+votes+for+UN+intellectual+property+unit&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft.aulast=Magnier&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Farticle%2F3065078%2Fsingapore-official-set-win-leadership-un-intellectual-property-agency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0003.html">"WIPO's Coordination Committee Nominates Singapore's Daren Tang for Post of Director General"</a>. Retrieved 29 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WIPO%27s+Coordination+Committee+Nominates+Singapore%27s+Daren+Tang+for+Post+of+Director+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fpressroom%2Fen%2Farticles%2F2020%2Farticle_0003.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWorld+Intellectual+Property+Organization" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781788977661/9781788977661.xml">Research Handbook on the World Intellectual Property Organization: The First 50 Years and Beyond</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a 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class="mw-selflink selflink">World Intellectual Property Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Bodenhausen" title="Georg Bodenhausen">Georg Bodenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_Bogsch" title="Árpád Bogsch">Árpád Bogsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamil_Idris" title="Kamil Idris">Kamil Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Gurry" title="Francis Gurry">Francis Gurry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daren_Tang" title="Daren Tang">Daren Tang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_Nations670" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Nations" title="Template:United Nations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Nations" title="Template talk:United Nations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Nations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Nations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_Nations670" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations">Deputy Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Amina_J._Mohammed" title="Amina J. Mohammed">Amina J. Mohammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="President of the United Nations General Assembly">General Assembly President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Francis_(diplomat)" title="Dennis Francis (diplomat)"> Dennis Francis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_System" title="United Nations System">UN System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">Charter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preamble_to_the_United_Nations_Charter" title="Preamble to the United Nations Charter">Preamble</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principal organs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat" title="United Nations Secretariat">Secretariat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_secretary-general_selection" title="United Nations secretary-general selection">selections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations">Deputy Secretary-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations">Under-Secretary-General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">General Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="President of the United Nations General Assembly">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_the_International_Court_of_Justice" title="Statute of the International Court of Justice">Statute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">Security Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_elections" title="United Nations Security Council elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="List of members of the United Nations Security Council">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Presidency of the United Nations Security Council">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Reform of the United Nations Security Council">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_veto_power" title="United Nations Security Council veto power">Veto power</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council" title="United Nations Economic and Social Council">Economic and Social Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council" title="President of the United Nations Economic and Social Council">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Trusteeship_Council" title="United Nations Trusteeship Council">Trusteeship Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_System#Funds_and_programmes,_research_and_training_institutes,_and_other_bodies" title="United Nations System">Funds, programmes, and other bodies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Peace" title="Culture of Peace">Culture of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">IAEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">IPCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">ITC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_for_the_Referendum_in_Western_Sahara" title="United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara">MINURSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">OHCHR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Court_for_Sierra_Leone" title="Special Court for Sierra Leone">SCSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_United_Nations_Programme_on_HIV/AIDS" title="Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS">UNAIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Capital_Development_Fund" title="United Nations Capital Development Fund">UNCDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Commission_on_International_Trade_Law" title="United Nations Commission on International Trade Law">UNCITRAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Trade_and_Development" title="UN Trade and Development">UNCTAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Global_Communications" title="United Nations Department of Global Communications">UNDGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">UNDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Peace_Operations" title="United Nations Department of Peace Operations">UNDPO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">peacekeeping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Environment_Programme" title="United Nations Environment Programme">UNEP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UNEP_OzonAction" title="UNEP OzonAction">OzonAction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRID-Arendal" title="GRID-Arendal">UNEP/GRID-Arendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Conservation_Monitoring_Centre" title="World Conservation Monitoring Centre">UNEP-WCMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Population_Fund" title="United Nations Population Fund">UNFPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Settlements_Programme" title="United Nations Human Settlements Programme">UN-HABITAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">UNHRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interregional_Crime_and_Justice_Research_Institute" title="United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute">UNICRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Disarmament_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research">UNIDIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Training_and_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Training and Research">UNITAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations-Oceans" title="United Nations-Oceans">UN-Oceans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Drugs_and_Crime" title="United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime">UNODC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Project_Services" title="United Nations Office for Project Services">UNOPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNOSAT" title="UNOSAT">UNOSAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Research_Institute_for_Social_Development" title="United Nations Research Institute for Social Development">UNRISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Sustainable_Development_Group" title="United Nations Sustainable Development Group">UNSDG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_System_Staff_College" title="United Nations System Staff College">UNSSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_University" title="United Nations University">UNU</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UNU-CRIS" title="UNU-CRIS">UNU-CRIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNU-OP" title="UNU-OP">UNU-OP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Volunteers" title="United Nations Volunteers">UNV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Women" title="UN Women">UN Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">WFP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_specialized_agencies_of_the_United_Nations" title="List of specialized agencies of the United Nations">Specialized agencies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">IFAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">IMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">IOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Tourism" title="UN Tourism">UN Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization" title="United Nations Industrial Development Organization">UNIDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">UPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Engineering_Organizations" title="World Federation of Engineering Organizations">WFEO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">WMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">IBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">IDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">IFC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat" title="United Nations Secretariat">Secretariat offices and departments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_United_Nations" title="Headquarters of the United Nations">Headquarters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference Building">Conference Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Building" title="United Nations General Assembly Building">General Assembly Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat_Building" title="United Nations Secretariat Building">Secretariat Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Peace_Operations" title="United Nations Department of Peace Operations">Department of Peace Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Political_and_Peacebuilding_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs">Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_Library" title="Dag Hammarskjöld Library">Dag Hammarskjöld Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_for_Safety_and_Security" title="United Nations Department for Safety and Security">Department for Safety and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Division_for_Palestinian_Rights" title="United Nations Division for Palestinian Rights">Division for Palestinian Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Geneva" title="United Nations Office at Geneva">Office at Geneva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Nations" title="Palace of Nations">Palace of Nations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Nairobi" title="United Nations Office at Nairobi">Office at Nairobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_at_Vienna" title="United Nations Office at Vienna">Office at Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Disarmament_Affairs" title="United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs">Office for Disarmament Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Outer_Space_Affairs" title="United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs">Office for Outer Space Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_Partnerships" title="United Nations Office for Partnerships">Office for Partnerships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs" title="United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs">Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_of_Internal_Oversight_Services" title="United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services">Office of Internal Oversight Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_of_Legal_Affairs" title="United Nations Office of Legal Affairs">Office of Legal Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_of_the_High_Representative_for_the_Least_Developed_Countries,_Landlocked_Developing_Countries_and_Small_Island_Developing_States" title="United Nations Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States">Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_of_Counter-Terrorism" title="United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism">Office of Counter-Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary-General%27s_Envoy_on_Youth" title="Office of the Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth">Office of the Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Special_Representative_of_the_Secretary-General_on_Sexual_Violence_in_Conflict" title="Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict">Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Spokesperson_for_the_Secretary-General" title="Office of the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General">Office of the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Office_on_Sport_for_Development_and_Peace" title="United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace">Office on Sport for Development and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_organizations_by_location" title="List of United Nations organizations by location">UN organizations by location</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">Members and observers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_United_Nations#1940s" title="Enlargement of the United Nations">Founding members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations#Current_members" title="Member states of the United Nations">Full members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council">Security Council Permanent members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_representative_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent representative to the United Nations">Permanent representatives to the UN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_permanent_representatives_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_observers" title="United Nations General Assembly observers">General Assembly Observers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_United_Nations" title="European Union and the United Nations">European Union</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Nations" title="History of the United Nations">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preceding years</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telegraph Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Office_of_Public_Hygiene" title="International Office of Public Hygiene">International Office of Public Hygiene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_archives" title="League of Nations archives">archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations" title="Covenant of the League of Nations">covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_the_League_of_Nations" title="Organisation of the League of Nations">organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_League_of_Nations" title="Member states of the League of Nations">member states</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preparatory years</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_St_James%27s_Palace" title="Declaration of St James's Palace">Declaration of St James's Palace</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Charter" title="Atlantic Charter">Atlantic Charter</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_by_United_Nations" title="Declaration by United Nations">Declaration by United Nations</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Conference_(1943)" title="Moscow Conference (1943)">Moscow Conference</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_Conference" title="Tehran Conference">Tehran Conference</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bretton_Woods_Conference" title="Bretton Woods Conference">Bretton Woods Conference</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks_Conference" title="Dumbarton Oaks Conference">Dumbarton Oaks Conference</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalta_Conference" title="Yalta Conference">Yalta Conference</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_International_Organization" title="United Nations Conference on International Organization">Conference on International Organization</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a> (1948)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_United_Nations" title="Enlargement of the United Nations">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="History of United Nations peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions" title="List of United Nations peacekeeping missions">missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions" title="Timeline of United Nations peacekeeping missions">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_territories_governed_by_the_United_Nations" title="List of territories governed by the United Nations">governed territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Police" title="United Nations Police">UNPOL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drafting_of_the_Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights">drafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Day" title="Human Rights Day">Human Rights Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Convention" title="World Heritage Convention">World Heritage Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child" title="Convention on the Rights of the Child">Convention on the Rights of the Child</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_the_Rights_of_the_Child" title="Committee on the Rights of the Child">committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples">Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Permanent_Forum_on_Indigenous_Issues" title="United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues">Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Caucus" title="Indigenous Caucus">Indigenous Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Peasants" title="United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants">Declaration on the Rights of Peasants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_resolution" title="United Nations resolution">Resolutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vetoed_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions" title="List of vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions">Security Council vetoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_resolution" title="United Nations General Assembly resolution">General Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_resolutions_at_the_sixty-sixth_session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="List of resolutions at the sixty-sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly">66th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_resolutions_at_the_sixty-seventh_session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="List of resolutions at the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly">67th</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_resolution" title="United Nations Security Council resolution">Security Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_Cyprus" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_Iran" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_Iraq" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_resolutions_concerning_Israel" title="List of United Nations resolutions concerning Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_resolutions_relating_to_Lebanon" title="List of United Nations resolutions relating to Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_on_the_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_North_Korea" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_resolutions_concerning_Palestine" title="List of United Nations resolutions concerning Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_resolutions_concerning_Syria" title="List of United Nations resolutions concerning Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_resolutions_concerning_Western_Sahara" title="List of United Nations resolutions concerning Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_Yemen" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_secretary-general_selection" title="United Nations secretary-general selection">Secretary-General</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_Nations_Secretary-General_selection" title="2021 United Nations Secretary-General selection">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Nations_Secretary-General_selection" title="2016 United Nations Secretary-General selection">2016</a></li></ul></li> <li>International Court of Justice <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2023 International Court of Justice judges election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2022 International Court of Justice judges election">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2021 International Court of Justice judges election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2020 International Court of Justice judges election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2017 International Court of Justice judges election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2014 International Court of Justice judges election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_International_Court_of_Justice_judges_election" title="2011 International Court of Justice judges election">2011</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Nations_General_Assembly_presidential_election" title="2016 United Nations General Assembly presidential election">General Assembly President (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Nations_Security_Council_election" title="2016 United Nations Security Council election">Security Council (2016)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_Nations" title="Outline of the United Nations">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Advisory_Committee_of_Local_Authorities" title="United Nations Advisory Committee of Local Authorities">Advisory Committee of Local Authorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Art_Collection" title="United Nations Art Collection">Art Collection</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_mural" title="United Nations Security Council mural">Security Council mural</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_by_Block_(program)" title="Block by Block (program)">Block By Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bretton_Woods_system" title="Bretton Woods system">Bretton Woods system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celestial_Sphere_Woodrow_Wilson_Memorial" title="Celestial Sphere Woodrow Wilson Memorial">Celestial Sphere Woodrow Wilson Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinating_Committee_of_International_Staff_Unions_and_Associations_of_the_United_Nations_System" title="Coordinating Committee of International Staff Unions and Associations of the United Nations System">CCISUA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Nuclear-Test-Ban_Treaty" title="Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty">Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_Nations" title="Criticism of the United Nations">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delivering_as_One" title="Delivering as One">Delivering as One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_control_treaties" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug control treaties">Drug control treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_Nations" title="Expulsion from the United Nations">Expulsion from the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_Tempore_(magazine)" title="Ex Tempore (magazine)">Ex Tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Federal_Credit_Union" title="United Nations Federal Credit Union">Federal Credit Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_International_Civil_Servants%27_Associations" title="Federation of International Civil Servants' Associations">FICSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Nations" title="Flag of the United Nations">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Honour_Flag" title="United Nations Honour Flag">Honour Flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Nations_Initiative" title="Four Nations Initiative">Four Nations Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Global_Compact" title="United Nations Global Compact">Global Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Civil_and_Political_Rights" title="International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_for_the_Total_Elimination_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons">International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Peace" title="International Day of Peace">International Day of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Decade_for_a_Culture_of_Peace_and_Non-Violence_for_the_Children_of_the_World" title="International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World">International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Narcotics_Control_Board" title="International Narcotics Control Board">International Narcotics Control Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_International_School" title="United Nations International School">International School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_International_School_of_Hanoi" title="United Nations International School of Hanoi">Hanoi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interpretation_Service" title="United Nations Interpretation Service">Interpretation Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_laissez-passer" title="United Nations laissez-passer">Laissez-passer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Memorial_Cemetery" title="United Nations Memorial Cemetery">Memorial Cemetery Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Staff_Committee" title="Military Staff Committee">Military Staff Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Millennium_Declaration" title="United Nations Millennium Declaration">Millennium Declaration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Summit" title="Millennium Summit">Millennium Summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_United_Nations" title="Model United Nations">Model United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations" title="Official languages of the United Nations">Official languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Postal_Administration" title="United Nations Postal Administration">Postal Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche_Park" title="Ralph Bunche Park">Ralph Bunche Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_of_the_United_Nations" title="Reform of the United Nations">Reform</a></li> <li><a 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title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> (WMO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a> (WBG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funds and Programmes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a> (UNDP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Environment_Programme" title="United Nations Environment Programme">United Nations Environment Programme</a> (UNEP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Population_Fund" title="United Nations Population Fund">United Nations Population Fund</a> (UNFPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Settlements_Programme" title="United Nations Human Settlements Programme">United Nations Human Settlements Programme</a> (UN-Habitat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">United Nations Children's Fund</a> (UNICEF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a> (WFP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">International Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (IBRD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Centre_for_Settlement_of_Investment_Disputes" title="International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes">International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes</a> (ICSID)</li> <li><a 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Geographical Names</a> (UNGEGN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Permanent_Forum_on_Indigenous_Issues" title="United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues">United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues</a> (UNPFII)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Committee_of_Experts_on_International_Cooperation_in_Tax_Matters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Committee of Experts on International Cooperation in Tax Matters (page does not exist)">Committee of Experts on International Cooperation in Tax Matters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Committee_of_Experts_on_the_Transport_of_Dangerous_Goods_and_on_the_Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (page does not exist)">Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Committee_on_Non-Governmental_Organizations" title="United Nations Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations">Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research and training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interregional_Crime_and_Justice_Research_Institute" title="United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute">United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute</a> (UNICRI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Disarmament_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research">United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research</a> (UNIDIR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Training_and_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Training and Research">United Nations Institute for Training and Research</a> (UNITAR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Research_Institute_for_Social_Development" title="United Nations Research Institute for Social Development">United Nations Research Institute for Social Development</a> (UNRISD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_System_Staff_College" title="United Nations System Staff College">United Nations System Staff College</a> (UNSSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_University" title="United Nations University">United Nations University</a> (UNU)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-level_Political_Forum_on_Sustainable_Development" 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Trademark_law" title="Template talk:Trademark law"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Trademark_law" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Trademark law"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Trademark_law245" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">Trademark law</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_distinctiveness" title="Trademark distinctiveness">Distinctiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_dilution" title="Trademark dilution">Dilution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generic_trademark" title="Generic trademark">Generic trademark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passing_off" title="Passing off">Passing off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_use_registration" title="Concurrent use registration">Concurrent use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priority_right" title="Priority right">Priority right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_mark_coexistence_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade mark coexistence agreement">Coexistence agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confusing_similarity" title="Confusing similarity">Confusing similarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functionality_doctrine" title="Functionality doctrine">Functionality doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initial_interest_confusion" title="Initial interest confusion">Initial interest confusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Rose_%E2%80%93_Rectanus_doctrine" title="Tea Rose – Rectanus doctrine">Good faith doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_use_(U.S._trademark_law)" title="Fair use (U.S. trademark law)">Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_liability" title="Secondary liability">Secondary liability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nominative_use" title="Nominative use">Nominative use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disparagement" title="Disparagement">Disparagement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reputation_parasitism" title="Reputation parasitism">Reputation parasitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybersquatting" title="Cybersquatting">Cybersquatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_import" title="Parallel import">Parallel import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark#Well-known_status" title="Trademark">Well-known trademark</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="The word "R" within a circle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/RegisteredTM.svg/50px-RegisteredTM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/RegisteredTM.svg/75px-RegisteredTM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/RegisteredTM.svg/100px-RegisteredTM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Industrial_Property" title="Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property">Paris Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrid Agreement">Madrid Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Protocol" title="Madrid Protocol">Madrid Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Aspects_of_Intellectual_Property_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights">TRIPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Treaty_on_the_Law_of_Trademarks" title="Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks">Singapore Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Trade_Mark" class="mw-redirect" title="Community Trade Mark">Community Trade Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Domain-Name_Dispute-Resolution_Policy" title="Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy">Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_trade_mark_law" title="Australian trade mark law">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_trademark_law" title="Canadian trademark law">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_law_of_China" title="Trademark law of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_mark_law_of_the_European_Union" title="Trade mark law of the European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_trademark_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong trademark law">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_trademark_law" title="Indian trademark law">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_trademark_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irish trademark law (page does not exist)">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_trademark_law" title="Japanese trademark law">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_Law_of_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Trademark Law of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_trademark_law" title="Philippine trademark law">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_trade_mark_law" title="United Kingdom trade mark law">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_trademark_law" title="United States trademark law">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trademark_classification" title="Trademark classification">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_(Nice)_Classification_of_Goods_and_Services" title="International (Nice) Classification of Goods and Services">Standard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Registered_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Registered trademark">Registered trademark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_mark" title="Service mark">Service mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_dress" title="Trade dress">Trade dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unregistered_trademark" title="Unregistered trademark">Unregistered trademark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wordmark" title="Wordmark">Wordmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Certification_mark" title="Certification mark">Certification marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartered_mark" title="Chartered mark">Chartered marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Collective trademark">Collective trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Defensive trademark">Defensive trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_registration_mark" title="Electronic registration mark">Electronic registration marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_protection_of_typefaces" title="Intellectual property protection of typefaces">Font trademark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_mark" title="Ghost mark">Ghost marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geographical_indication" title="Geographical indication">Geographical indication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_designation_of_origin" title="Protected designation of origin">Protected designation of origin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-conventional_trademark" title="Non-conventional trademark">Non-conventional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colour_trade_mark" title="Colour trade mark">Colour trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hologram_trademark" title="Hologram trademark">Hologram trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion trademark">Motion trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scent_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Scent trademark">Scent trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shape_trademark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shape trademark (page does not exist)">Shape trademarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_trademark" title="Sound trademark">Sound trademarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem" title="Emblem">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">Logo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trademark_Association" title="International Trademark Association">International Trademark Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Intellectual_Property_Office" title="European Union Intellectual Property Office">EUIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">USPTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Corporation_for_Assigned_Names_and_Numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers">ICANN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Patent-_und_Markenamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt">Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Intellectual_Property_Office" title="Canadian Intellectual Property Office">CIPO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Registered_trademark_symbol" title="Registered trademark symbol">Registered trademark symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_mark_symbol" title="Service mark symbol">Service mark symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_symbol" title="Trademark symbol">Unregistered trademark symbol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budweiser_trademark_dispute" title="Budweiser trademark dispute">Budweiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debian%E2%80%93Mozilla_trademark_dispute" title="Debian–Mozilla trademark dispute">Debian–Mozilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolichnaya_trademark_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Stolichnaya trademark dispute">Stolichnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugg_boots_trademark_dispute" title="Ugg boots trademark dispute">Ugg boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins_trademark_dispute" title="Washington Redskins trademark dispute">Washington Redskins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_attorney" title="Trademark attorney">Trademark attorney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_examiner" title="Trademark examiner">Trademark examiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_infringement" title="Trademark infringement">Trademark infringement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_share" title="Trademark share">Trademark share</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trademark_troll" title="Trademark troll">Trademark troll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trademark_Review" title="World Trademark Review">World Trademark Review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trademark_law" title="Category:Trademark law">Category:Trademark law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trademark_case_law" title="List of trademark case law">Case laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trademarks" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trademarks">WP:MOS/Trademarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177773#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2754" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177773#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2754" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177773#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000040402718X">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/312772555">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2034701-7">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79103364">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866048c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11866048c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00299537">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35620359">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20010710103&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX130496">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/198422">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90136712">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000011528&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000152219&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=114461">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqsrxvx2866bq2">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810657356005606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007269937905171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058513879006706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03207865?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1017286">Trove</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027580555">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/027490">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&oldid=1275257089">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_Intellectual_Property_Organization&oldid=1275257089</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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