CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136df6bae1cf92e',cH: 'QPfLY9cObzTGVWn0HAjhb94pF0X3z7MIktq4hww8iso-1739806793-1.2.1.1-6SMjDwLeMZzUj6WVlHEE8nvsyQrI0Ph_eI4fN2jq9YgyvZt243uujHl_qBspecrK',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Athmane%20Boulaoued&__cf_chl_tk=.s3War9IQcgV1R9ltQizx1rBQVnQZ5dnm.wWDTUE7oA-1739806793-1.0.1.1-1bQII5760nvU1GLiGN3_JEAEbQ8Fq62Xy.KG5EVEtbQ",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739806793',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Athmane%20Boulaoued&__cf_chl_f_tk=.s3War9IQcgV1R9ltQizx1rBQVnQZ5dnm.wWDTUE7oA-1739806793-1.0.1.1-1bQII5760nvU1GLiGN3_JEAEbQ8Fq62Xy.KG5EVEtbQ",md: "ltqFkLLjgV4SJsYxkaITibzmgNSRZtCkC3TiaY.6gCM-1739806793-1.2.1.1-IbKvwbb8L_cOpjbRv0HRlNWn3ReyTcOqXvt0kz8FB9X3cDBJLEr7.jNCqStCNBwI1cJTXsWZwcE6hMPuNDiyiZvS9u8A1IhdzW.23Jv4e761Ip53ojcszrN5bindjlLuSiKh_WmzfiNnkl0GggFp9ACCkf0K8zO2kooZo7inirvVrhmCHYpl9W_YZKOhducEL0UE3k1z2uH42_XfOPTUIoqx7nIQ68M3O6vBfOvR6mzvniQgy3hrFpXaIBtuA2kH40TBE75qHTPT.GcH3y_or1WSytewXimfugGaf6jtzyzxmJr0FYZ_X.bbxNrFj_JL5vV3viZ7XKt59HUwp.rSL3r68bpM8.W928spkK_xyP3hXkOjVe_4RmVdjED23lCRsJ7bl0KYhRsQ4LaoFpirRQvt8OsFG4QQpQ_fKy1wGBhuySENYE7hBupMvUdEG9nzA5t2o68IJjwhyktLtE_pbNiq62hWWFoDdjEWx8fJ2HesuPfKf0mxSEZzP_po4f_47dHpOotekCQg2cvObKTTP9WHcJL7qBDDxX427D4QnlgLp9nuNBjNDxQ5IllXyFq0LqPqr7c0WawdGaOWF.n_NyQnWridVM0yvQvyOmVxsqC9OYa_nH0cV3axGbPlf5FmZjIBMUlAReWHyMIRKcxXcpC1cnRv0FbPHhQ6c3JP9Zrna9WO1Dzh_nWfIhhDE7_KjCmC.mljvEgk69XgJLV7Y2teA8fy7pJd6gVyUANwqxni9dU9pnTibSI7Vuz4vXNire0jPEN8r4NTxywItpSPCrYC56jFC7UxeSOtgkD__I_Tneqque1oo8bERBSCEKyg6CXB.cEoFaZRhZ4uPqy.PQ5BSor5JmzJsKQAQGsQoKIjJNXoNL.rPH.5V4Ji2L.knE5BLCKnxqB5Qvw4LXkij735JyRkea3kNLNb6L_kNbE0OG2L48fU.zOEvFtUaeT8ZQpePRp5QdgD0Vp587J40yoNe6pFwHPCEHdkUyaNLtp5He8hQ4WPh18klTE.obmjeAhY__.5XxF1.tdA0_iScpYwwDIqtkhvqONdbZerZy9qVIukAuoHOU7zuYG4537B46sxUAGJ5E8KyHhILcjDyMKDDk12m8grN9ZxfyDNEzLRo6l3q5YY.LM.uQfsNA66V6zvSBny0FJNqw_rrm9n0_bByh5Z4w4UVXncIDVz1lbraaRFIW5glC_JstcEbQ_jYgjamHi7FDNZd6OUMGqHR3RXctiA3Dmf8mEcsD9DO3dmsqv4Oyidc9u4s.Uurt1pCMuBeFGnBC91YBOyh_Eg8AyxxpgxWJ9tQAADljgSFDmv7s.sFGLcIjEsOyVzB1hJinxNFgUOnjcPgPCs2TfezT0H.lz5l_5v_9bY66oIbnFbl1j1CUhYjb1gzuPyn1kPoqERlyaPAP3A1fe91RJi2ggYckJ_cIz2rdrU9q95axP63r3Gq8tt_wOW8YKz6J78YoIYUonV1ocurx357HKhES5YvJYNuk7Jm9KslxaYW.RxDFZw_9.elP9yJMkvMC_28DdnCks.ASsmcVjo6WpFNsIFl3jEbPbfqhMsuPfph.4_tzUrUhTixk4vPBkP.Nw3OnTJd4MgABSivVGA22USR58oI4YBuYSNktYalxIcqMX2gAACHpZrXvadHJJ3SBxVBLPE71J6eL_VrU80e8ibvvw00QwrYyBAbAqVaHNZgsY2RM48eFbnUsUmOIY5r3xNJXTyOZx.U2rR9wb09tGb2LA3xtp7VzbRf5Q3DchZrssnb2B609.SEl51KYYSiQWvrl0vTSkrnngwqASoWwbxeR7h8AemJR.Pyc6BjuPWST6RmbfSdoWAHJEf5Orixmk2QpIK5PKPsJgS_HpsNwjFw3z5YtGH8Uuj7I62n5Gk_5BuZCMqwrH.V_bVOS59qKO8jbTWUGGLmSfrS4IbhprEpnSq6IuKgS4xAqhRuCbLN9U",mdrd: "d.ENjl9iwItWfofybuH3PkKzMxRB8WcIyZyfFai9L0s-1739806793-1.2.1.1-IPlkmhiGoACE04GHGPdEz48.slYo4SX2MWMIFGXjbv4f0AgO7n7jMaWbx3nSvFYLLavYCpImr39E..PAzdHuU1u02SZy4.iDjW.o.8GVvJLb3_4DTXh7WihT1ezh6zCmgyMISSeftQ4wNyB.7qB9xz7UyylD6DV2_QN5J38GwVXCqfj6CEJhw1_h6m7hTFvOrNTGI1cp6jfihQCot9l.ry9M_ZXLwHm.9VZBXI4fN0lTgejIrQR6BsRq.SOCL4G9Y2IzCF2TntHqlw7Icc8Cyz59iUHrA8w5uvLYzgrutXhxJykROSCFZH7lucm9S0Z3o70nFQf0Tk7G5g14umK8HBWXISj1wwkU.fBLYjsoF2FJ35agv5a30n87dJ.e8X1FVHSlWlIA28yf.ZIHqMvMCrDeiaSE7R3JDjvglqXRoghSZXovtOLNd5yUQxV9GkaYrgw6sl7UKLCyraZvo19UPAxvErr.jyiJJZ5HNih1gZAlKmdOaCUjGyfk_KXYx8b9D6GX9K_wcK81g4k9ze899uBv4FXwL6pREYvIlZcwiD4W5DQGVj_.cUF6z6_y6U4NgtCAW4IrRXO9BWngstCBjvJzay56uNfbfbr47lQL5B_8H5vqtToRP91kRhZkOlaojp4oUn3fQtHdQnx7qhDmFTQGio9_Eg1pTrBWoa1bSttBBVDPj37Cyc1KDdtLY3aXi6EHQ4JKxVlXBGklS61WVvP2lWa5z.0wMMLudtQhdnhucl24puve2bWZ9jKf0dNTYKh7egLssKIkfKfn_8N.9FaFaFmN0D7ky7WM0vv9uvrlPsoRBOvz3iBKqcGRiJawtTFhIVXDadvxhfE8udxo2XYd4uEXSn.BBhWLhIL7IlJeurfzD87a9BJP_GacFmQXQiGU08Adf2xdFOFj2zZUuEeQhQ0PzLc.ND2QKajxuuWnBlV37ln_o701msfkXDzuXWFx9OuQCFFsVN2ZueyyN.2fH7Go_3gKGRnRcCazh04MoKRlNeWkV4Z0V5wWaAogPvf1H8LMUjbkJxZHt9wdN6IY_UvcN32hI9_kTLIqb.IckKXVOMLdmPm_bV3SdXSj5npximbzXeq4mIanOHH3X3Z7i5htIEfqmSrcR.HmFsqDNBAdn1qUkYITaTbw6Eh1mBj4UyW8pv.iOQcNLS0ixmNm8XVQ_Csekuvp1OaNZW1KgWYkccKHSLJIMaRs5.dVu.HExP.JsJ1VG1mxIx2DK35hIJrt_G6.YerldR9fnq_hJ2zlJp1rW62y7v0PCGCuBnw8fcQjNXXHaUVGqAs8TopCjkerAAPrl3RdjYiQytnUi.ZmHjFZEkrnZ_t3zYO.vAG6U_qgmeEe3O71FXE0jrGiTdtLDZ6837Po2pFm3sEiamMWuIvbr_Djkkp_KFmr9OVilC_Izq6q_30enFgwTNjbO3J9_.MFXJe.nYSMwnnlM2FwSREDD2SbLPU8t5YKa_jubMBWYYGzcpbJ7Wp.r3lDeejL4FgsmUvTi3dzH5k0cR8plX8_kbpWD61ES8EiIRZRG_dQ_ZmAsd_ApClRTfQnpd5wrT1w151aRpW1upXBiuskgbXLEvqDtot4.Unzj6XSQlqAmXOqklmPGs7bqSgh0QGEYZI4iXuSvL4pwtFHzTo0CCwDJRybjOok74Yzfe3VJXHBD_RcA96zOtqYm8WNpq_sRQ2UMRI.twPwpZD6PUbNzQTo.uVlFvus1YlxthjIxkRTHTZe7rCmnjdzLDaiPE5IrApCCt3DGeb.ojFoospApnLIE4QoaP9aAWFOYItxcQ9PkiQNdIq6OETLXnuLw9MuBIUQVH2U4Y2pydxB6u36WuEn1PWl.pIobvToeliT1x.Pr1EO5yIQ5sSkd_Y9G7YMi4tVHpCjNlVIZB3UwLmdPhEdRD08RtuWLx5WdTq8vjieQGQlvEXOJFKQp7UJHLzSW7lWO34_yzG0_BJyuOl0dvuay9cJAHQZVXEH5ZG1.ynoOn8KUNq3fk6atg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136df6bae1cf92e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Athmane%20Boulaoued&__cf_chl_rt_tk=.s3War9IQcgV1R9ltQizx1rBQVnQZ5dnm.wWDTUE7oA-1739806793-1.0.1.1-1bQII5760nvU1GLiGN3_JEAEbQ8Fq62Xy.KG5EVEtbQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>