Prevent creation of a new passkey if one already exists | Articles

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class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://web.dev/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Home </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://web.dev/articles" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="Articles" > Articles </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Prevent creation of a new passkey if one already exists </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <p>To prevent creating a new passkey if one already exists in the same passkey provider, use the optional <code translate="no" dir="ltr">excludeCredentials</code> property of WebAuthn's <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/CredentialsContainer/create#excludecredentials"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">PublicKeyCredentialCreationOptions</code></a> dictionary.</p> <p>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">excludeCredentials</code> property is an array of descriptors for public keys that already exist for a given user. This information is supplied by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn/#webauthn-relying-party">relying party's</a> server when it wants to prevent the creation of new credentials for an existing user on a single authenticator.</p> <p>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">excludeCredentials</code> array has the following attributes:</p> <ul> <li><strong>type</strong>: A string that describes the type of public-key credential to be generated. The default value is "<code translate="no" dir="ltr">public-key</code>".</li> <li><strong>id</strong>: An <code translate="no" dir="ltr">ArrayBuffer</code> that matches an existing public key credential identifier (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">PublicKeyCredential.rawId</code>). This identifier is generated during the creation of the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">PublicKeyCredential</code> instance.</li> </ul> <p>The <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn/#client">client</a> returns an <strong>error</strong> if the user tries to create a new credential on a platform authenticator that already contains one of the credentials listed in this parameter. If the authenticator already contains a public key credential of this type, the authenticator collects user consent as usual, and shows the user a success indicator with no new credential created. An <code translate="no" dir="ltr">InvalidStateError</code> exception is thrown, indicating that the user already has a valid credential matched from <code translate="no" dir="ltr">excludeCredentials</code>.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JSON"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-nt">"excludeCredentials"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">[</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nt">"id"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s2">"<id-1>"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nt">"type"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s2">"public-key"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nt">"id"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s2">"<id-2>"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nt">"type"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s2">"public-key"</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">}</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">]</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>This JSON can be used to prevent authenticators with one of the provided credentials from being registered more than once. Each "<code translate="no" dir="ltr"><id-*></code>" value should be populated with the identifier of the credential to be excluded.</p> <p>Learn more about <code translate="no" dir="ltr">excludeCredentials</code> in the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn/#dom-publickeycredentialcreationoptions-excludecredentials">W3C recommendation</a></p> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. For details, see the <a href="https://developers.google.com/site-policies">Google Developers Site Policies</a>. 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