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世界银行集团行长彭安杰在世界银行集团年会全体会上的讲话

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href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/belarus">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="12"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/belgium">比利时</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/belgium">Français</a></li> <li><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/belgium">Nederlandse</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="13"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/bz">伯利兹</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="14"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/benin">贝宁</a> <ul><li lang="fr"> <a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/benin">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="15"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bhutan">不丹</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="16"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bolivia">玻利维亚</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/bolivia">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="17"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bosniaandherzegovina">波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="18"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/botswana">博茨瓦纳</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="19"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/brazil">巴西</a> <ul><li lang="pt"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pt/country/brazil">Português</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="20"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bulgaria">保加利亚</a> <ul><li lang="bg"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/bg/country/bulgaria">Български</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="21"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/burkinafaso">布基纳法索</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/burkinafaso">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="22"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/burundi">布隆迪</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/burundi">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="23"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/cambodia">柬埔寨</a> <ul><li lang="km"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/km/country/cambodia">ភាសា&#8203;ខ្មែរ&#8203;</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="24"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/cameroon">喀麦隆</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/cameroon">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="25"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/canada">加拿大</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/canada">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="26"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/capeverde">佛得角</a> <ul><li lang="pt"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pt/country/capeverde">Português</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="27"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/centralafricanrepublic">中非共和国</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/centralafricanrepublic">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="28"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/chad">乍得</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/chad">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="29"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/chile">智利</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/chile">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="30"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.shihang.org/china">中国</a> <ul><li lang="en"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/china">English</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="31"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/colombia">哥伦比亚</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/colombia">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="32"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/comoros">科摩罗</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/comoros">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="33"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/drc">刚果民主共和国</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/drc">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="34"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/congo">刚果共和国</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/congo">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="35"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/costarica">哥斯达黎加</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/costarica">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="36"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/cotedivoire">科特迪瓦</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/cotedivoire">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="37"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/croatia">克罗地亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="38"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">捷克共和国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="39"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/denmark">丹麦</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="40"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/djibouti">吉布提</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="41"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">多米尼克</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="42"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/dominicanrepublic">多米尼加共和国</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/dominicanrepublic">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="43"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ecuador">厄瓜多尔</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/ecuador">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="44"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/egypt">阿拉伯埃及共和国</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/egypt">العربية</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="45"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/elsalvador">萨尔瓦多</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/elsalvador">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="46"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/equatorialguinea">赤道几内亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="47"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eritrea">厄立特里亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="48"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">爱沙尼亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="49"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ethiopia">埃塞俄比亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="50"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">斐济</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="51"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/finland">芬兰</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="52"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/france">法国</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/france">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="53"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gabon">加蓬</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/gabon">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="54"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gambia">冈比亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="55"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/georgia">格鲁吉亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="56"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/germany">德国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="57"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ghana">加纳</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="58"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/greece">希腊</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="59"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">格林纳达</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="60"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guatemala">危地马拉</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/guatemala">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="61"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guinea">几内亚</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/guinea">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="62"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guineabissau">几内亚比绍</a> <ul><li lang="pt"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pt/country/guineabissau">Português</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="63"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guyana">圭亚那</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="64"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti">海地</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/haiti">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="65"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/honduras">洪都拉斯</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/honduras">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="66"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">匈牙利</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="67"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iceland">冰岛</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="68"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/india">印度</a> <ul><li lang="hi"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/hi/country/india">Hindi</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="69"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/indonesia">印度尼西亚</a> <ul><li lang="in"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/in/country/indonesia">Bahasa</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="70"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iran">伊朗</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="71"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iraq">伊拉克</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/iraq">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="72"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://data.worldbank.org/country/israel">以色列</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="73"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/italy">意大利</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="74"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/jamaica">牙买加</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="75"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/japan">日本</a> <ul><li lang="ja"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/ja/country/japan">日本語</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="76"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/jordan">约旦</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/jordan">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="77"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/kazakhstan">哈萨克斯坦</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/kazakhstan">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="78"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/kenya">肯尼亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="79"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">基里巴斯</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="80"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/korea">韩国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="81"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/kosovo">科索沃</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="82"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gcc">科威特</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="83"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/kyrgyzrepublic">吉尔吉斯共和国</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/kyrgyzrepublic">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="84"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/lao">老挝</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="85"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">拉脱维亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="86"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/lebanon">黎巴嫩</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/lebanon">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="87"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/lesotho">莱索托</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="88"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/liberia">利比里亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="89"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/libya">利比亚</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/libya">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="90"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">立陶宛</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="91"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/luxembourg">卢森堡</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/luxembourg">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="92"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/northmacedonia">马斯顿(前南斯拉夫马其顿共和国)</a> <ul><li lang="mk"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/mk/country/macedonia">македонски</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="93"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/madagascar">马达加斯加</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/madagascar">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="94"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/malawi">马拉维</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="95"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/malaysia">马来西亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="96"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/maldives">马尔代夫</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="97"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mali">马里</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/mali">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="98"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">马绍尔群岛</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="99"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mauritania">毛里塔尼亚</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/mauritania">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="100"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mauritius">毛里求斯</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/mauritius">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="101"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mexico">墨西哥</a> <ul><li><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/mexico">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="102"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">密克罗尼西亚联邦国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="103"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/moldova">摩尔多瓦</a> <ul><li><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/ro/country/moldova">română</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="104"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mongolia">蒙古</a> <ul><li><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/mn/country/mongolia">Монгол</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="105"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/montenegro">黑山</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="106"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/morocco">摩洛哥</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/morocco">عربي</a></li> <li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/morocco">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="107"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mozambique">莫桑比克</a> <ul><li lang="pt"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pt/country/mozambique">Português</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="108"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/myanmar">缅甸</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="109"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/namibia">纳米比亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="110"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">瑙鲁</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="110"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nepal">尼泊尔</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="111"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/netherlands">荷兰</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="112"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nicaragua">尼加拉瓜</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/nicaragua">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="113"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/niger">尼日尔</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/niger">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="114"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria">尼日利亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="115"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/norway">挪威</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="116"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gcc">阿曼</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="117"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pakistan">巴基斯坦</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="118"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">帕劳</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="119"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/panama">巴拿马</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/panama">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="120"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/png">巴布亚新几内亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="121"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/paraguay">巴拉圭</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/paraguay">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="122"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/peru">秘鲁</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/peru">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="123"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/philippines">菲律宾</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="124"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/poland">波兰</a> <ul><li lang="pl"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pl/country/poland">Polski</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="125"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/portugal">葡萄牙</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="126"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gcc">卡塔尔</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="127"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/romania">罗马尼亚</a> <ul><li lang="ro"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/ro/country/romania">Română</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="128"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/russia">俄罗斯联邦</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/russia">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="129"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/rwanda">卢旺达</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/rwanda">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="130"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">萨摩亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="131"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/saotome">圣多美和普林西比</a> <ul><li lang="pt"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/pt/country/saotome">Português</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="132"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/senegal">塞内加尔</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/senegal">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="133"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/serbia">塞尔维亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="134"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/seychelles">塞舌尔</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/seychelles">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="135"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/sierraleone">塞拉利昂</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="136"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/singapore">新加坡</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="137"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">斯洛伐克共和国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="138"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eumemberstates">斯洛文尼亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="139"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">所罗门群岛</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="140"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/somalia">索马里</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="141"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/southafrica">南非</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="142"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/southsudan">南苏丹</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="143"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/spain">西班牙</a> <ul><li lang="en"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/spain">English</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="144"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/srilanka">斯里兰卡</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="145"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">圣赫勒拿</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="146"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">圣卢西亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="147"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">圣文森特和格林纳丁斯</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="148"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/sudan">苏丹</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="149"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/suriname">苏里南</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="150"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eswatini">斯威士兰</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="151"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/sweden">瑞典</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="152"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/switzerland">瑞士</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="153"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/syria">叙利亚</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/syria">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="154"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tajikistan">塔吉克斯坦</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/tajikistan">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="155"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tanzania">坦桑尼亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="156"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/thailand">泰国</a> <ul><li lang="th"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/th/country/thailand">ภาษาไทย</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="157"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/timor-leste">东帝汶</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="158"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/togo">多哥</a> <ul><li lang="fr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/country/togo">Français</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="159"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">汤加</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="160"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">特立尼达和多巴哥</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="161"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/turkey">土耳其</a> <ul><li lang="tr"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/tr/country/turkey">Türkçe</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="162"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/turkmenistan">土库曼斯坦</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/turkmenistan">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="163"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">图瓦卢</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="164"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/uganda">乌干达</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="165"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ukraine">乌克兰</a> <ul><li lang="uk"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/uk/country/ukraine">Українська</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="166"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gcc">阿拉伯联合酋长国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="167"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/unitedkingdom">英国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="168"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/unitedstates">美国</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="169"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/uruguay">乌拉圭</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/uruguay">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="170"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/uzbekistan">乌兹别克斯坦</a> <ul><li lang="ru"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.vsemirnyjbank.org/ru/country/uzbekistan">Русский</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="171"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">瓦努阿图</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="172"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/venezuela">委内瑞拉</a> <ul><li lang="es"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.bancomundial.org/es/country/venezuela">Español</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="173"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/vietnam">越南</a> <ul><li lang="vi"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/vi/country/vietnam">Tiẽng Việt</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="174"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/westbankandgaza">约旦河西岸和加沙</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/westbankandgaza">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="175"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/yemen">也门共和国</a> <ul><li lang="ar"><a class="lang-list dropdown-item" href="https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/country/yemen">عربي</a></li></ul> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="176"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/zambia">赞比亚</a> </li> <li class="tt-suggestion" data-original-index="177"> <a class="country-name dropdown-item" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/zimbabwe">津巴布韦</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="lp__megamenu_sublist"> <div class="h5" role="heading" aria-level="2" tabindex="0">最近搜索</div> <ul class="no-mega-menu-sublist"></ul> </div> </div> </div><!--end left column--> <div class="col-lg-7 col-md-7 col-sm-12"> <div class="lp__megamenu_right_col row"> <div class="lp__megamenu_sublist col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6"> <div class="h5" role="heading" aria-level="2" tabindex="0">地区</div> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/afr">非洲 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/eap">东亚太平洋 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/eca">欧洲中亚 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/lac">拉美加勒比 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/mena">中东北非 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/sar">南亚 (En)</a></li> </ul> </div><!-- end col --> <div class="lp__megamenu_sublist col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6"> <div class="h5" role="heading" aria-level="2" tabindex="0">国家组别</div> <ul> <ul class="mega-menu-sublist"> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eu">欧盟 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mic">中等收入国家 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/caribbean">东加勒比国家组织 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pacificislands">太平洋群岛 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/smallstates">小国 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/gcc">海湾合作委员会 (En)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/westerneurope">西欧 (En)</a></li> </ul> </ul> </div><!-- end col --> </div><!-- end col --> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="lp__megamenu_list"> <a href="/zh/understanding-poverty" class="lp__megamenu_item">理解贫困</a> <div class="lp__megamenu_dropdown hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <div class="lp__megamenu_left_col"> <div class="lp__megamenu_img"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://worldbank.scene7.com/is/image/worldbankprod/megamenu-photo-pakistan" alt="megamenu-image-1" title="UNDERSTANDING POVERTY" tabindex="0"> </div> <p class="lp__megamenu_blurb" tabindex="0">我们面临帮助世界最贫困人口并确保人人都能享受经济增长成果的巨大挑战。数据和研究有助于设定优先重点,分享成功经验,监测进展情况。</p> </div> </div><!--end left column--> <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-8 col-sm-12"> <div class="lp__megamenu_right_col row"> <div class="lp__megamenu_sublist 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</div> </div> <div class="clearfix" aria-hidden="true"></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 32px"></div> </div> <div class="gridlayout parbase section"> <div class="row "> <div class="col-md-2 col-lg-2 col-xs-12 col-sm-12 colsplit 2"> <div class=" " > <div class="grid_2_par_0 parsys"> <div style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;" class="remove-padding-grid" > </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-8 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 col-lg-8 colsplit 2"> <div class=" " > <div class="grid_8_par_1 parsys"> <div style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;" class="remove-padding-grid" > <div class="autopull_metadata section"> <div class="meta_data"></div> </div> <div class="c02v2_multimedia section"> </div> <hr aria-hidden="true"> <div class="redesign_static_content section"> <!--<script type="module" src="/apps/worldbankgroup/components/content/body_content_scene7/clientlibs/site/js/component.js" defer></script>--> <!--<script type="module" src="/apps/worldbankgroup/components/content/body_content_scene7/clientlibs/site/js/twitter.js" defer></script>--> <section > <article class="lp__body_content section " > <p style="text-align: center;"><i>准备稿</i></p><p>我很荣幸能站在各位面前,见证世界银行集团的两个重要时刻:</p><ul><li>一个是庆祝我们80年来取得的成就并反思我们吸取的经验教训的时刻;</li><li>另一个是纪念变革、努力和进步的一年并为下一轮挑战做好准备的时刻。</li></ul><p>世界银行诞生于一个全球巨变的时刻,它成立于 1944 年的布雷顿森林会议,在第二次世界大战造成广泛破坏后应运而生。国际复兴开发银行成立的初衷是集中精力帮助饱受战争蹂躏的国家进行战后重建。</p><p>然而,即使在最初的讨论中,也出现过激烈的辩论:世界银行应该只关注于战后重建,还是应该在促进全球发展方面发挥更广泛的作用?</p><p>从那时以来,世界的需求不断演变,世界银行也随之不断演变。</p><p>又一次,我们发现自己站在一个相似的十字路口上,由于欧洲、中东和非洲的战争,战后重建处于最前沿。过去的经验教训使我们在重建方面具有得天独厚的优势。</p><p>虽然重建是必不可少的,但我们的关注点越来越多地转向发展。</p><p>这就是世界银行的核心所在:帮助各国走出困境,使人民能够充分发挥潜力。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>今天,我们面临着一个异常复杂的世界——贫困、气候变化、冲突和流行病交织在一起。现代对重建和发展的要求需要一个更快、更简、更有影响力的机构,能够以空前的规模应对这个时代的挑战。&nbsp;</p><p>在我16个月前加入世行时,这是一个得到我们股东和客户广泛响应的呼吁——是一项与世行的有志之士共同努力推动机构演进的工作。同心合力,我们踏上了建立更好的银行并将这一愿景化为现实的征程。</p><p>我们在整个机构范围取得了有意义的改善,朝着实现这一承诺迈进。我感到鼓舞的是,我们正朝着正确的方向前进,以可衡量的里程碑为标志——简化项目流程,加强对影响力的重视,提高贷款能力。&nbsp;</p><p>首先,我们加快了速度。&nbsp;</p><p>因为对发展的延误就是对发展的否定。</p><p>通过简化流程,我们可以更快地从计划转向行动,缩短向我们服务的国家交付产品所需的时间。</p><ul><li>我们将项目审批时间从平均19个月缩短到16个月,我们的目标是到2025年6月缩短到12个月。&nbsp;</li><li>这体现在现实中。我们采用平台方法,审批了5个非洲国家的一批特点相似的卫生项目,每个项目的审批时间不到100天,有些甚至只用了30天。在太平洋地区,我们在10个月内批准了7个国家的代理银行支持项目。</li></ul><p>其次,我们简化了流程。&nbsp;</p><p>因为过程永远不应该超过实质。&nbsp;</p><p>简化流程有助于我们更高效地工作,使客户、尤其是能力有限的客户更容易获得我们的服务。</p><ul><li>我们正在提供一个统一的《国别伙伴关系框架》,并任命了代表整个集团(包括国际复兴开发银行、国际开发协会、多边投资担保机构和国际金融公司在内)的 21 位国别主管。虽然现在还为时过早,但我们看到管理层和员工之间的合作已发生了转变,迈上了新台阶。来自各国的初步反馈令人鼓舞,因此我们正在考虑到明年年初再扩大到20 个国家。&nbsp;</li><li>与此同时,我们实施了一系列的变革,这些变革各位看不到,但我们的客户和合作伙伴会感受到。通过统筹安排很多后台职能(预算、机构采购和房地产),我们可以更快、更好地提供服务,更好地作为一个统一的集团运作。</li><li>&nbsp;此外,我们正在努力成为其他多边开发银行更好的合作伙伴和协作者。去年,世界银行已与其他五个机构正式建立了伙伴关系。我们在各项工作中开展合作,从与美洲开发银行在亚马逊开展合作,到与伊斯兰开发银行合作推进跨境贸易,再到与亚投行合作加强医疗服务。展望未来,我们将很快与亚洲开发银行达成协议,为我们的客户带来新的效率。</li><li>&nbsp;此外,作为一个多边开发银行集合体,我们创建了一个在线平台,使开发机构能够共享联合融资项目信息,以安全透明的方式讨论这些项目。这个新平台减轻了管理负担,降低了交易成本,更好地协调了贷款,最终会产生更大的发展影响力。在短短的6个月内,我们已有100 个筹建项目,其中一些项目已经开始获得贷款。&nbsp; &nbsp;</li></ul><p>第三,我们更加注重影响力。&nbsp;</p><p>因为结果至关重要。&nbsp;</p><p>通过将可衡量的结果放在优先位置,我们加强了问责制,在整个世行范围集中精力开展工作,确保我们的项目推动真正的变革。</p><ul><li>我们对知识银行进行了彻底改革,现已配备了合适的人员领导全机构范围的各个垂直领域,他们专注于将我们的专业知识用于编制《国别伙伴关系框架》,帮助各国克服能力不足开发可贷款的项目。</li><li>我们重建了公司记分卡,从150项指标减少到 22项。这套简化的指标为我们正在推动的文化转变提供了动力,强化了我们在全机构范围内为实现影响力最大化所做的努力。上周,我们发布了20项指标的基线结果,分享了我们的测量公式。在整个过程中,我们让股东、客户和纳税人看到我们正在产生的影响,以及我们需要在哪些方面做得更多。</li></ul><p>第四,我们实现了进一步优化,贷款能力得到提高。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>通过战略性地利用我们的金融工具,能够在不影响财务可持续性的情况下扩大我们的影响范围,加深我们的影响力。</p><p>我们积极推行资本充足率措施,通过将国际复兴开发银行未来10年的贷款能力增加1500亿美元,扩大了我们现有资产负债表的规模。新工具与股东国的慷慨解囊相结合实现了这一结果,包括混合资本、投资组合担保和两年内两次下调股本贷款比。&nbsp;</p><p>我们通过提供新工具和扩展其他已知解决方案,在此基础上再接再厉。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><ul><li>例如,我们为全球公共产品推出了50年期贷款,无需增加额外费用。而且,为了满足各种需求,我们开始提供期限较短、定价较低的 7 年期贷款。</li><li>我们千方百计地扩大各种按结果支付的融资工具的规模。这些融资工具创造了强大的成效激励机制,构成了我们工具包的实际组成部分。这些贷款加在一起占到去年国际复兴开发银行和国际开发协会贷款额的近一半。</li><li>以按结果支付的方式提供贷款,为全球公共产品项目增加低利率激励机制,促成了“宜居地球基金”的创立。我们从收入中拿出 2 亿美元,加上丹麦、德国、冰岛和日本的初期支持,为该基金注入了资本。我们正在寻求其他国家的政府和慈善机构加入。</li><li>到今年年底之前,我们将启动一个项目筹备基金,从国际复兴开发银行收入中提供资金,帮助面临能力挑战的国家将想法转化为可贷款的项目。</li><li>我们开发了一种新机制来提高认缴资本的价值,让股东能够随时兑现。</li><li>我们已在国际复兴开发银行贷款定价方面采取了实质性行动,确保中等收入国家能够以更优惠的条件借款。此次定价调整的内容之一是允许已经符合《气候韧性债务条款》条件的小国按照最低价格等级借款。</li></ul><p>这些要素都是持续努力的一部分。无论何时何地,只要我们看到有机会改善资产负债表和优化其使用,我们都会抓住不放。因为当更优惠的融资与我们的知识相结合时,就会创造出强大的发展动力。</p><p>这种竭尽所能的精神也深深植根于我们的国际开发协会增资活动之中。</p><p>60年来,已有36个国家从国际开发协会毕业,许多国家现已成为慷慨的捐款国。他们都清楚三点:</p><ul><li>第一是国际开发协会赠款和高度优惠贷款的力量。&nbsp;</li><li>第二是国际开发协会多年来积累的知识有助于其他国家的能力建设。</li><li>第三是国际开发协会具有独特的能力,可将每一美元捐款增加3.5到4倍,为捐款国的每一美元捐款带来更大的影响,并可使客户有能力承担更大的开发项目。这一点帮助国际开发协会在过去 10 年部署了2700亿美元资金。</li></ul><p>国际开发协会是开发领域最划算的交易。民众获得的好处远超过我们投入的资金。&nbsp;</p><p>在过去10年里,国际开发协会在全球范围内帮助为近 9 亿人提供了医疗卫生服务,为1.17亿人提供了可靠的电力,为9400万人提供了清洁的水,帮助1800多万农民扩大了种植面积,减少了浪费,提高了民生底线。</p><p>与此同时,国际开发协会是世界上 78 个最贫困国家的生命线,这些国家今年的偿债支出将接近其收入的一半,超过在医疗卫生、教育和基础设施方面的支出总和。在这种困难的环境下,国际开发协会在过去4年向共同框架里的4个国家提供了160亿美元用于支持发展和流动性,其中一半为纯粹的赠款和半优惠贷款。&nbsp;</p><p>我们正在竭尽所能确保国际开发协会拥有有效运作所需的资源。我们还认为,重点突出、流程简化的国际开发协会为促进稳定、安全和发展提供了最佳机会。</p><p>随着时间的推移,国际开发协会要求的测量数据已经膨胀到近 1100个,我们努力将这一数字减少到400个以下,让客户有更多的自由根据其国情确定优先重点和制定发展方针。</p><p>我们希望今年12月在韩国主办的国际开发协会认捐峰会上,能够告诉依赖国际开发协会的78个国家,一个资源充足、流程简化的国际开发协会已经到来。</p><p>即使有了更好的银行和额外的资本,我们仍需要激励私营部门参与进来发挥效力倍增作用。</p><p>为了提供帮助,我们发布了专有投资数据,以两种方式提振投资者的信心:</p><ul><li>首先,我们通过全球新兴市场风险数据库(GEMS)发布了按国家和行业细分的私营部门违约率和回收率数据,分享了可追溯到 40 年前的主权债务违约率和回收率统计数据,这些数据目前可从彭博终端查阅。&nbsp;</li><li>其次,国际金融公司发布了按借款人信用评级细分的私营部门违约指标。</li></ul><p>仅靠数据还不够。&nbsp;</p><p>据联合国估计,实现发展目标每年需要增加 4 万亿美元资金。这些资源并不存在于公共财政、多边银行和慈善机构中。我们需要私营部门。要吸引他们,必须让他们看到明确的投资回报机会。&nbsp;</p><p>我们建立私营部门投资实验室的目的是为了解决可再生能源的不平衡问题,确定了5个重点领域。我们正在推进各领域的工作,并希望将经验教训推广到其他工作领域。</p><ul><li>第一是监管和政策确定性。我们正在测试帮助各国政府解决这个问题的能力,与国际货币基金组织和非洲开发银行合作,通过我们的倡议为非洲 3 亿人实现通电。&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>第二是政治风险保险。我们简化了担保业务流程,在使用时更加具有目的性。在本财年,我们签发的担保额已经是去年同期的三倍,一旦平台完全落实,我们将有能力更上一层楼。</li><li>第三是外汇风险。我们知道,开发具有足够深度和广度的本地资本市场是帮助投资者管理外汇风险的最佳方式。我们正在帮助几个处于不同进展阶段的国家应对这一挑战。</li></ul><p>与此同时,我们也在探索其他想法,例如针对长期项目通过多层外汇风险分担基金将风险分散到私营部门、政府和世界银行身上。此外,我们正在探讨利用商业银行的本币存款冗余发放更多本币贷款。此外,国际金融公司在本币贷款方面找到了成功之道,本币贷款已占到其贷款额的三分之一左右。</p><ul><li>第四是第一损失和次级权益。我们正在积极筹备并将在几周内宣布建立“前沿机会基金”,该基金将通过消除部分风险来激励私营部门。初始资金池将来自国际金融公司的净收入,但要达到我们所希望的规模,还需要捐助者和慈善机构。</li><li>第五是创建资产类别,即“发放-销售”模式。我们正在通过组建一个新的小组,由标准普尔首席执行官道格拉斯·彼得森领导,以扩大我们的证券化工作,小组成员将包括贝莱德、商业银行和其他机构投资者等主要参与者。</li></ul><p>我们的目标是从提供小额的定制贷款转向大额的打包证券。此外,这将要求对我们这边和接收国两方面的贷款和文件实行标准化。这最有可能从投资者——养老基金、保险公司、主权财富基金释放大量资金。</p><p>吸引更多的私人投资是具有挑战性的,需要花时间,但我们致力于实现这个目标。</p><p>由于我们已经实施的改革和正在进行的其他改革,世界银行集团有能力承担规模更大、更雄心勃勃的项目,加快实现我们在宜居地球上建立一个没有贫困的世界的使命。&nbsp;</p><p>这体现在“使命300”中,我们的目标是与非洲开发银行合作到 2030 年为 3 亿非洲人实现通电,洛克菲勒基金会也加入了这项努力,我们正在共同努力招募其他慈善机构和投资者加入。</p><p>与此同时,我们在当地的团队正在对每个国家面临的障碍进行逐个分析。很明显,建设分布式微电网、改进输配电系统和保障公用事业资金充足都很重要。我们预计至少需要 300 亿美元的公共部门投资,在这方面国际开发协会至关重要。</p><p>这项工作将于明年初在坦桑尼亚举行的国家元首峰会上完成。在峰会上,15 位领导人将和我们的团队以及国际货币基金组织、开发银行、慈善机构和私营部门投资者的代表一起通过定制的行动计划,这也是一个国家平台发挥作用的例证。</p><p>我们对规模化的承诺也明确体现在我们的目标中,即到 2030 年支持各国向 15 亿人提供优质的、负担得起的医疗卫生服务。&nbsp;</p><p>作为该倡议的一部分,我们正在扩大关注范围,帮助民众从出生到老年终生保持健康状况,努力惠及偏远地区居民,与政府合作提高医疗卫生服务的可负担性。这项工作将得到与世界卫生组织和日本政府合作于明年启动的全民健康覆盖知识中心的协助。</p><p>我们还有其他的目标,比如我们在第28届联合国气候变化大会上宣布的目标,这些目标都在稳步推进。</p><ul><li>我们承诺到 2025 年将贷款总额的 45% 用于气候项目,其中一半将用于气候适应项目。我们已经达到了 44%,但还需要在适应领域继续推动。</li><li>我们承诺启动由15个国家主导的甲烷减排计划,所有计划都已上线,目前正在建立监测系统跟踪进展情况。</li><li>我们出台了《气候韧性债务条款》,允许暂停偿还债务两年。截至目前已有 12 个国家签署了这项协议,主要是加勒比和太平洋地区国家,还有更多国家正在讨论。配合《气候韧性债务条款》,我们引入了一个快速响应选项,允许国家在发生危机时可立即重新配置一部分未支付资金。</li></ul><p>就在本周,我们在农业和妇女赋权领域踏上了新征程。&nbsp;</p><p>在未来几十年,世界将需要增产60% 的粮食来养活 100 亿人。有了新工具,过去的障碍,比如碎片化,都将让位于明天的机遇。&nbsp;</p><p>为了利用这些机遇,我们针对农业综合企业推出一种生态系统方法,联合世界银行和合作伙伴一起帮助小农户从自给自足转向融入商业价值链。</p><p>支撑这个系统的是将我们公共部门建立农民协会和政府能力建设的经验与私营部门融资和准入联系起来。我们将这种新的工作方式与新水平的投资相结合——将我们的农业金融和农业综合企业贷款承诺额翻倍,达到每年 90 亿美元,目的是从私营部门再动员几十亿美元。&nbsp;</p><p>我们可以共同重塑粮食安全、营养、增长和就业的未来。</p><p>我们也在努力建立一个让妇女有能力改变自身命运的世界,一个她们不再被社会期望或经济限制束缚的世界。&nbsp;</p><p>我们的工作是建立一个机遇的阶梯,每个梯级都代表朝着更大赋权迈出的一步。为了帮助妇女攀登这一阶梯,我们必须在各个层面提供支持。</p><p>我们的目标是为 2.5 亿妇女提供社会安全网建立基础,中间步骤是让 3 亿女性接入宽带,顶级目标是到2030年为 8000 万女性领导的企业提供融资渠道。</p><p>这些目标将通过将监管改革、技能培训、数字可负担性和合作伙伴关系相结合的综合行动计划来实现。</p><p>我们的工作远未完成。最终,我们的重点必须放在发展项目和消除贫困的根源上。</p><p>贫穷是一种心态,而不仅仅是一种存在状态。战胜贫困最有效的方法是创造就业机会。&nbsp;</p><p>那么,让我们翻开新的一页,展望一下未来。</p><p>世界银行集团已经准备好开始我们使命的下一阶段:确保创造就业和维持就业不是我们项目的副产品,而是项目的明确目标。&nbsp;</p><p>纵观发展历史,就业一次又一次地证明是消除贫困最可靠、最持久的灵丹妙药。工作不仅仅是收入来源,它带来尊严、目标感,提升人的精神和状况。工作是释放潜力的钥匙,它提供脱贫之路,赋予妇女权力,给年轻一代带来希望,建立更强大的社区。</p><p>在世界新兴经济体的中心,正在发生一场无声的革命。多达12 亿人的年轻一代,满怀渴望,充满潜力,已准备好进入劳动力市场。然而,就业前景并未以相同的速度扩大——预计将创造 4.2 亿个工作岗位。失业的幽灵日益凸显,可能使 8 亿年轻人无法实现有意义的就业,有可能破坏社会稳定和阻碍经济增长。这一挑战的严重性怎么强调都不为过,就像这一代人可能会永远改变这个世界。</p><p>但是,预测不等于命中注定。&nbsp;</p><p>为此,我们发起了一项旨在为年轻人创造就业机会的专项计划。新加坡总统尚达曼和智利总统米歇尔•巴切莱特领导这项工作,与一群商界领袖、民间社会和学者联手,他们在本周首次会晤。</p><p>这种关注是必需的,因为就业机会不是孤立产生的。</p><p>需要准备好人和准备好机会这两者的结合——因为虽然人才无处不在,但机会却并非如此。</p><p>这种结合得益于世界银行深深致力于构建的基础:医疗卫生、基础设施、教育和技能培训、粮食安全、清洁的空气和清洁的水。</p><p>我们可以助力推动公共部门建设,以解决人员就业和促进私营部门增长,特别是占全球就业人数70%的小企业。这项工作需要与国际货币基金组织、多边开发银行和政府等合作伙伴协作,我们的《营商环境成熟度评估报告》可以作为基于证据的讨论的资源。</p><p>在实践中,这意味着要利用世界银行集团可用的许多工具。</p><p>我们的知识银行专家可以帮助政府和企业识别和利用机会。我们专注于能力建设,提供从开发本地资本市场到提高教育和技能培训水平的定制解决方案,。</p><p>我们新的知识学院利用最佳实践为公职人员提供支持人才开发和私营部门发展所需的技能。</p><p>我们的资金与担保协同工作,促进投资,这就是私营部门投资实验室工作计划各要素发挥重要作用的地方。</p><p>采用数字技术可以放大结果。</p><p>数字公共基础设施使我们能够为更多人提供医疗卫生、教育和普惠金融等基本服务。</p><p>数字技术可以打破壁垒,降低现有参与者的优势,为创新和创业创造新机会。&nbsp;</p><p>在人工智能和数据革命的增强作用下,好风凭借力,扬帆正当时。为实现这种潜力的最大化,我们必须战略性地和明智地加以利用。</p><p>这是一段漫长征程的开端。&nbsp;</p><p>我们致力于为今天成长中的年轻人过上有尊严的生活提供最佳机会。&nbsp;</p><p>我们并不对挑战抱有天真的想法。但是,由于我们更快、更简化、更注重影响力,世界银行集团和我们的员工能够更好地作出应对。</p><p>通过创新型融资和伙伴关系,我们可以追寻更加雄心勃勃的计划,例如让 3 亿非洲人用上电,或者以养活世界人口和经济为目的发展农业综合企业。&nbsp;</p><p>凭借我们的知识和对私营部门的关注,我们可以通过创造就业机会助力战胜贫困。</p><p>当然,我们只能在自身资本允许的范围内跑得更快更远。</p><p>我们正在建立更大的银行,并努力兑现20国集团对国际开发协会提振雄心的呼吁,但在某些时候,我们也需要强化国际复兴开发银行、国际金融公司和多边投资担保机构的资本基础。</p><p>从更好的银行,到我们更大的雄心,再到我们对青年和妇女的承诺,我们渴望实现的进步要求我们大家付出更多,要求我们不要屈服于各种小事的束缚。</p><p>最重要的是,要求这群有合作意向的伙伴——在座的各位以及世界各地的合作伙伴——作为协作者共同努力。</p><p>我们的使命需要坚定不移的耐力——一种在时间、挫折和挑战中不断向前推进的永不满足的意愿。&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>我希望随着我们向前迈进,我们的想法会转化为行动,这反过来又会改变民生。这就是我们在此聚会的原因。&nbsp;</p><p>感谢各位拨冗出席,同我们一起踏上这段征程。</p> </article></section> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 col-lg-2 colsplit 2"> <div class=" " > <div class="grid_2_par_2 parsys"> <div style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;" class="remove-padding-grid" > </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix" aria-hidden="true"></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 36px"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="supergrid parbase section"> <div 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