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Adhesion</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Adhesion"> <meta name="keywords" content="Adhesion"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Adhesion"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 475</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Adhesion</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">475</span> Centrifuge Testing to Determine the Effect of Temperature on the Adhesion Strength of Ice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaid%20A.%20Janjua">Zaid A. Janjua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbara%20Turnbull"> Barbara Turnbull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwing-So%20Choi"> Kwing-So Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adhesion of glaze ice on power infrastructure, ships and aerofoils cause monetary and structural damage. Here we investigate the influence of temperature as an important parameter affecting adhesion strength of ice. Two terms are defined to investigate this: 'freezing temperature', the temperature at which glaze ice forms; and 'ambient temperature', the temperature of the surrounding during the test. Using three metal surfaces, the adhesion strength of ice has been calculated as a value of shear stress at the point of detachment on a spinning centrifuge. Findings show that the ambient temperature has a greater influence than the freezing temperature on the adhesion strength of ice. This is because there exists an amorphous liquid-like layer at the ice-surface interface, whose bond with the surface increases in strength at lower ambient temperatures when the substrate conducts heat much faster than the ice and acts as a heat sink. The results will help us to measure the actual adhesion strength of ice to metal surfaces based on data from weather monitoring devices. Future tests envisaged focus on thermally non-conducting substrates and their influence on adhesion strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ice%20adhesion" title="ice adhesion">ice adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifuge" title=" centrifuge"> centrifuge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glaze%20ice" title=" glaze ice"> glaze ice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freezing%20temperature" title=" freezing temperature"> freezing temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20temperature" title=" ambient temperature"> ambient temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60459/centrifuge-testing-to-determine-the-effect-of-temperature-on-the-adhesion-strength-of-ice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">474</span> Influence of S.carnosus Bacteria as Biocollector for the Recovery Organic Matter in the Flotation Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20T.%20Ramos-Escobedo">G. T. Ramos-Escobedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20T.%20Pecina-Trevi%C3%B1o"> E. T. Pecina-Treviño</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20F.%20Camacho-Ortegon"> L. F. Camacho-Ortegon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Orrantia-Borunda"> E. Orrantia-Borunda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mineral bioflotation represents a viable alternative for the evaluation of new processes benefit alternative. The adsorption bacteria on minerals surfaces will depend mainly on the type of the microorganism as well as of the studied mineral surface. In the current study, adhesion of S. carnosus on coal was studied. Several methods were used as: DRX, Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) adhesion isotherms and kinetic. The main goal is the recovery of organic matter by the microflotation process on coal particles with biological reagent (S. carnosus). Adhesion tests revealed that adhesion took place after 8 h at pH 9. The results suggest that the adhesion of bacteria to solid substrates can be considered an abiotic physicochemical process that is consequently governed by bacterial surface properties such as their specific surface area, hydrophobicity and surface functionalities. The greatest coal fine flotability was 75%, after 5 min of flotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20coal" title="fine coal">fine coal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recovery%20organic%20matter" title=" recovery organic matter"> recovery organic matter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14320/influence-of-scarnosus-bacteria-as-biocollector-for-the-recovery-organic-matter-in-the-flotation-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">473</span> Adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus to Intravascular cannulae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghadah%20Abusalim">Ghadah Abusalim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suliman%20Alharbi"> Suliman Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20Khalil"> Hesham Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milton%20Wainwright"> Milton Wainwright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Khiyami"> Mohammad A. Khiyami </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of implantable foreign devices in medicine has recently increased dramatically. Intravascular cannulae and catheters are used to administer fluids, medications, parenteral nutrition, and blood products in order to monitor hemodynamic status and also to provide hemodialysis. The early and late failure of inserted or implanted devices is largely the result of bacterial infection and may lead to the disruption of integration between the device and the tissues which surround it. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are widely considered to be the most common organisms causing device-related infection. Our study showed that S. aureus and S. epidermidis adhered to intravascular cannulae made up of PTFE, SPTFE and vialon. Adhesion of S. epidermidis and S. aureus to intravascular cannulae varied significantly depending upon the type of material used and the presence of coating materials. Both bacteria adhered less to PTFE followed by Vialon and SPTFE and the adhesion capacity of S. aureus and S. epidermidis increased over time. Coating intravascular cannulae with human serum albumin inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus and S. epidermidis to these cannulae, and pretreatment of cannulae with fibronectin inhibited the adhesion of S. epidermidis but increased the adhesion of S. aureus to all types of cannulae. Pretreatment of cannulae surface with potassium chloride or calcium chloride increased the adhesion of S. aureus and S. epidermidis to cannulae, suggesting a role for electrostatic forces in the mechanism of such adhesion. This study will hopefully clarify the mechanism of adhesion and provide possible means of preventing such adhesion either by the use of better material coatings or by interfering with the process of adhesion by targeting bacterial structures responsible for it. Currently we recommend the use of PTFE cannulae as they exhibit a lower bacterial adhesion capacity compared to the other tested cannulae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20epidermidis" title="Staphylococcus epidermidis">Staphylococcus epidermidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannulae" title=" cannulae"> cannulae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTFE" title=" PTFE"> PTFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vialon" title=" Vialon"> Vialon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3444/adhesion-of-staphylococcus-epidermidis-and-staphylococcus-aureus-to-intravascular-cannulae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">472</span> Independent Control over Surface Charge and Wettability Using Polyelectrolyte Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanshan%20Guo">Shanshan Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoying%20Zhu"> Xiaoying Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominik%20Ja%C5%84czewski"> Dominik Jańczewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koon%20Gee%20Neoh"> Koon Gee Neoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface charge and wettability are two prominent physical factors governing cell adhesion and have been extensively studied in the literature. However, a comparison between the two driving forces in terms of their independent and cooperative effects in affecting cell adhesion is rarely explored on a systematic and quantitative level. Herein, we formulate a protocol which allows two-dimensional and independent control over both surface charge and wettability. This protocol enables the unambiguous comparison of the effects of these two properties on cell adhesion. This strategy is implemented by controlling both the relative thickness of polyion layers in the layer-by-layer assembly and the polyion side chain chemical structures. The 2D property matrix spans surface isoelectric point ranging from 5 to 9 and water contact angle from 35º to 70º, with other interferential factors (e.g. roughness) eliminated. The interplay between these two surface variables influences 3T3 fibroblast cell adhesion. The results show that both surface charge and wettability have an effect on its adhesion. The combined effects of positive charge and hydrophilicity led to the highest cell adhesion whereas negative charge and hydrophobicity led to the lowest cell adhesion. Our design strategy can potentially form the basis for studying the distinct behaviors of electrostatic force or wettability driven interfacial phenomena and serving as a reference in future studies assessing cell adhesion to surfaces with known charge and wettability within the property range studied here. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20adhesion" title="cell adhesion">cell adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layer-by-layer" title=" layer-by-layer"> layer-by-layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20charge" title=" surface charge"> surface charge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20wettability" title=" surface wettability"> surface wettability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57245/independent-control-over-surface-charge-and-wettability-using-polyelectrolyte-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">471</span> Biomimetic Adhesive Pads for Precision Manufacturing Robots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoon%20Yi">Hoon Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minho%20Sung"> Minho Sung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hangil%20Ko"> Hangil Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moon%20Kyu%20Kwak"> Moon Kyu Kwak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoon%20Eui%20Jeong"> Hoon Eui Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inspired by the remarkable adhesion properties of gecko lizards, bio-inspired dry adhesives with smart adhesion properties have been developed in the last decade. Compared to earlier dry adhesives, the recently developed ones exhibit excellent adhesion strength, smart directional adhesion, and structural robustness. With these unique adhesion properties, bio-inspired dry adhesive pads have strong potential for use in precision industries such as semiconductor or display manufacturing. In this communication, we present a new manufacturing technology based on advanced dry adhesive systems that enable precise manipulation of large-area substrates over repeating cycles without any requirement for external force application. This new manufacturing technique is also highly accurate and environment-friendly, and thus has strong potential as a next-generation clean manufacturing technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gecko" title="gecko">gecko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing%20robot" title=" manufacturing robot"> manufacturing robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20manufacturing" title=" precision manufacturing"> precision manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38058/biomimetic-adhesive-pads-for-precision-manufacturing-robots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">470</span> Effect of UV/Ozone Treatment on the Adhesion Strength of Polymeric Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marouen%20Hamdi">Marouen Hamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20A.%20Poulis"> Johannes A. Poulis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the impact of UV/ozone treatment on the adhesion of ethylene propylene diene methylene (EPDM) rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) materials. The experimental tests consist of contact angle measurements, standardized adhesion tests, and spectroscopic and microscopic observations. Also, commonly-used surface free energy models were applied to characterize the wettability of the materials. Preliminary results show that the treatment enhances the wettability of the examined polymers. Also, it considerably improved the adhesion strength of PVC and ABS and shifted their failure modes from adhesive to cohesive, without a significant effect on EPDM. Spectroscopic characterization showed significant oxidation-induced changes in the chemical structures of treated PVC and ABS surfaces. Also, new morphological changes (microcracks, micro-holes, and wrinkles) were observed on these two materials using the SEM. These chemical and morphological changes on treated PVC and ABS promote more reactivity and mechanical interlocking with the adhesive, which explains the improvement in their adhesion strength. After characterizing the adhesion strength of the systems, accelerated ageing tests in controlled environment chambers will be conducted to determine the effect of temperature, moisture, and UV radiation on the performance of the polymeric bonded joints. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20tests" title="accelerated tests">accelerated tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion%20strength" title=" adhesion strength"> adhesion strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ageing%20of%20polymers" title=" ageing of polymers"> ageing of polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%2Fozone%20treatment" title=" UV/ozone treatment"> UV/ozone treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110983/effect-of-uvozone-treatment-on-the-adhesion-strength-of-polymeric-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">469</span> Core-Shell Nanofibers for Prevention of Postsurgical Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Ping%20Chen">Jyh-Ping Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Lin%20Sheu"> Chia-Lin Sheu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we propose to use electrospinning to fabricate porous nanofibrous membranes as postsurgical anti-adhesion barriers and to improve the properties of current post-surgical anti-adhesion products. We propose to combine FDA-approved biomaterials with anti-adhesion properties, polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), hyaluronic acid (HA) with silver nanoparticles (Ag) and ibuprofen (IBU), to produce anti-adhesion barrier nanofibrous membranes. For this purpose, PEG/PCL/Ag/HA/IBU core-shell nanofibers were prepared. The shell layer contains PEG + PCL to provide mechanical supports and Ag was added to the outer PEG-PCL shell layer during electrospinning to endow the nanofibrous membrane with anti-bacterial properties. The core contains HA to exert anti-adhesion and IBU to exert anti-inflammation effects, respectively. The nanofibrous structure of the membranes can reduce cell penetration while allowing nutrient and waste transports to prevent postsurgical adhesion. Nanofibers with different core/shell thickness ratio were prepared. The nanofibrous membranes were first characterized for their physico-chemical properties in detail, followed by in vitro cell culture studies for cell attachment and proliferation. The HA released from the core region showed extended release up to 21 days for prolonged anti-adhesion effects. The attachment of adhesion-forming fibroblasts is reduced using the nanofibrous membrane from DNA assays and confocal microscopic observation of adhesion protein vinculin expression. The Ag released from the shell showed burst release to prevent E Coli and S. aureus infection immediately and prevent bacterial resistance to Ag. Minimum cytotoxicity was observed from Ag and IBU when fibroblasts were culture with the extraction medium of the nanofibrous membranes. The peritendinous anti-adhesion model in rabbits and the peritoneal anti-adhesion model in rats were used to test the efficacy of the anti-adhesion barriers as determined by gross observation, histology, and biomechanical tests. Within all membranes, the PEG/PCL/Ag/HA/IBU core-shell nanofibers showed the best reduction in cell attachment and proliferation when tested with fibroblasts in vitro. The PEG/PCL/Ag/HA/IBU nanofibrous membranes also showed significant improvement in preventing both peritendinous and peritoneal adhesions when compared with other groups and a commercial adhesion barrier film. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-adhesion" title="anti-adhesion">anti-adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title=" electrospinning"> electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title=" hyaluronic acid"> hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ibuprofen" title=" ibuprofen"> ibuprofen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofibers" title=" nanofibers"> nanofibers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72385/core-shell-nanofibers-for-prevention-of-postsurgical-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">468</span> Filler for Higher Bitumen Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Rezagholilou">Alireza Rezagholilou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moisture susceptibility of bituminous mixes directly affect the stripping of asphalt layers. The majority of relevant test methods are mechanical methods with low repeatability and consistency of results. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the physicochemical interactions of bitumen and aggregates based on the wettability concept. As such, the surface energies of components at the interface are measured by contact angle method. That gives an opportunity to investigate the adhesion properties of multiple mineral fillers at various percentages to explore the best dosage in the mix. Three types of fillers, such as hydrated lime, ground lime and rock powder, are incorporated into the bitumen mix for a series of sessile drop tests for both aggregates and binders. Results show the variation of adhesion properties versus filler (%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filler" title=" filler"> filler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20energy" title=" surface energy"> surface energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20susceptibility" title=" moisture susceptibility"> moisture susceptibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171324/filler-for-higher-bitumen-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">467</span> On the Thermodynamics of Biological Cell Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Nadler">Ben Nadler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cell adhesion plays a vital role in many cell activities. The motivation to model cell adhesion is to study important biological processes, such as cell spreading, cell aggregation, tissue formation, and cell adhesion, which are very challenging to study by experimental methods alone. This study provides important insight into cell adhesion, which can lead to improve regenerative medicine and tissue formation techniques. In this presentation the biological cells adhesion is mediated by receptors–ligands binding and the diffusivity of the receptor on the cell membrane surface. The ability of receptors to diffuse on the cell membrane surface yields a very unique and complicated adhesion mechanism, which is exclusive to cells. The phospholipid bilayer, which is the main component in the cell membrane, shows fluid-like behavior associated with the molecules’ diffusivity. The biological cell is modeled as a fluid-like membrane with negligible bending stiffness enclosing the cytoplasm fluid. The in-plane mechanical behavior of the cell membrane is assumed to depend only on the area change, which is motivated by the fluidity of the phospholipid bilayer. In addition, the presence of receptors influences on the local mechanical properties of the cell membrane is accounted for by including stress-free area change, which depends on the receptor density. Based on the physical properties of the receptors and ligands the attraction between the receptors and ligands is modeled as a charged-nonpolar which is a noncovalent interaction. Such interaction is a short-range type, which decays fast with distance. The mobility of the receptor on the cell membrane is modeled using the diffusion equation and Fick’s law is used to model the receptor–receptor interactions. The resultant interaction force, which includes receptor–ligand and receptor–receptor interaction, is decomposed into tangential part, which governs the receptor diffusion, and normal part, which governs the cell deformation and adhesion. The formulation of the governing equations and numerical simulations will be presented. Analysis of the adhesion characteristic and properties are discussed. The roles of various thermomechanical properties of the cell, receptors and ligands on the cell adhesion are investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20adhesion" title="cell adhesion">cell adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20membrane" title=" cell membrane"> cell membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receptor-ligand%20interaction" title=" receptor-ligand interaction"> receptor-ligand interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receptor%20diffusion" title=" receptor diffusion"> receptor diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37546/on-the-thermodynamics-of-biological-cell-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">466</span> A Platform to Screen Targeting Molecules of Ligand-EGFR Interactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Ting%20Kuo">Wei-Ting Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Huei%20Lin"> Feng-Huei Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often constitutively stimulated in cancer owing to the binding of ligands such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), so it is necessary to investigate the interaction between EGFR and its targeting biomolecules which were over ligands binding. This study would focus on the binding affinity and adhesion force of two targeting products anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb) and peptide A to EGFR comparing with EGF. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to obtain the equilibrium dissociation constant to evaluate the binding affinity. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was performed to detect adhesion force. The result showed that binding affinity of mAb to EGFR was higher than that of EGF to EGFR, and peptide A to EGFR was lowest. The adhesion force between EGFR and mAb that was higher than EGF and peptide A to EGFR was lowest. From the studies, we could conclude that mAb had better adhesion force and binding affinity to EGFR than that of EGF and peptide A. SPR and AFM could confirm the interaction between receptor and targeting ligand easily and carefully. It provide a platform to screen ligands for receptor targeting and drug delivery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion%20force" title="adhesion force">adhesion force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding%20affinity" title=" binding affinity"> binding affinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidermal%20growth%20factor%20receptor" title=" epidermal growth factor receptor"> epidermal growth factor receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target%20molecule" title=" target molecule"> target molecule</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27370/a-platform-to-screen-targeting-molecules-of-ligand-egfr-interactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">465</span> The Effect of Adhesion on the Frictional Hysteresis Loops at a Rough Interface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bazrafshan">M. Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20B.%20de%20Rooij"> M. B. de Rooij</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20J.%20Schipper"> D. J. Schipper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frictional hysteresis is the phenomenon in which mechanical contacts are subject to small (compared to contact area) oscillating tangential displacements. In the presence of adhesion at the interface, the contact repulsive force increases leading to a higher static friction force and pre-sliding displacement. This paper proposes a boundary element model (BEM) for the adhesive frictional hysteresis contact at the interface of two contacting bodies of arbitrary geometries. In this model, adhesion is represented by means of a Dugdale approximation of the total work of adhesion at local areas with a very small gap between the two bodies. The frictional contact is divided into sticking and slipping regions in order to take into account the transition from stick to slip (pre-sliding regime). In the pre-sliding regime, the stick and slip regions are defined based on the local values of shear stress and normal pressure. In the studied cases, a fixed normal force is applied to the interface and the friction force varies in such a way to start gross sliding in one direction reciprocally. For the first case, the problem is solved at the smooth interface between a ball and a flat for different values of work of adhesion. It is shown that as the work of adhesion increases, both static friction and pre-sliding distance increase due to the increase in the contact repulsive force. For the second case, the rough interface between a glass ball against a silicon wafer and a DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) coating is considered. The work of adhesion is assumed to be identical for both interfaces. As adhesion depends on the interface roughness, the corresponding contact repulsive force is different for these interfaces. For the smoother interface, a larger contact repulsive force and consequently, a larger static friction force and pre-sliding distance are observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20element%20model" title="boundary element model">boundary element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frictional%20hysteresis" title=" frictional hysteresis"> frictional hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-sliding" title=" pre-sliding"> pre-sliding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98974/the-effect-of-adhesion-on-the-frictional-hysteresis-loops-at-a-rough-interface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">464</span> Adhesion Performance According to Lateral Reinforcement Method of Textile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jungbhin%20You">Jungbhin You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taekyun%20Kim"> Taekyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jongho%20Park"> Jongho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungnam%20Hong"> Sungnam Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun-Kyu%20Park"> Sun-Kyu Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced concrete has been mainly used in construction field because of excellent durability. However, it may lead to reduction of durability and safety due to corrosion of reinforcement steels according to damage of concrete surface. Recently, research of textile is ongoing to complement weakness of reinforced concrete. In previous research, only experiment of longitudinal length were performed. Therefore, in order to investigate the adhesion performance according to the lattice shape and the embedded length, the pull-out test was performed on the roving with parameter of the number of lateral reinforcement, the lateral reinforcement length and the lateral reinforcement spacing. As a result, the number of lateral reinforcement and the lateral reinforcement length did not significantly affect the load variation depending on the adhesion performance, and only the load analysis results according to the reinforcement spacing are affected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion%20performance" title="adhesion performance">adhesion performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20reinforcement" title=" lateral reinforcement"> lateral reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pull-out%20test" title=" pull-out test"> pull-out test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile" title=" textile"> textile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67487/adhesion-performance-according-to-lateral-reinforcement-method-of-textile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">463</span> Nanostructure and Adhesion of Cement/Polymer Fiber Interfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezeh%20Shalchy">Faezeh Shalchy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concrete is the most used materials in the world. It is also one of the most versatile while complex materials which human have used for construction. However, concrete is weak in tension, over the past thirty years many studies were accomplished to improve the tensile properties of concrete (cement-based materials) using a variety of methods. One of the most successful attempts is to use polymeric fibers in the structure of concrete to obtain a composite with high tensile strength and ductility. Understanding the mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced concrete requires the knowledge of the fiber/matrix interfaces at the small scale. In this study, a combination of numerical simulations and experimental techniques have been used to study the nano structure of fiber/matrix interfaces. A new model for calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H)/fiber interfaces is proposed based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The adhesion energy between the C-S-H gel and 2 different polymeric fibers (polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene) was numerically studied at the atomistic level since adhesion is one of the key factors in the design of fiber reinforced composites. The mechanisms of adhesion as a function of the nano structure of fiber/matrix interfaces are also studied and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber-reinforced%20concrete" title="fiber-reinforced concrete">fiber-reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20modeling" title=" molecular modeling"> molecular modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26458/nanostructure-and-adhesion-of-cementpolymer-fiber-interfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">462</span> The Evaluation for Interfacial Adhesion between SOFC and Metal Adhesive in the High Temperature Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Koo%20Jeon">Sang Koo Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Hoon%20Nahm"> Seung Hoon Nahm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oh%20Heon%20Kwon"> Oh Heon Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unit cell of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) must be stacked as several layers type to obtain the high power. The most of researcher have concerned about the performance of stacked SOFC rather than the structural stability of stacked SOFC and especially interested how to design for reducing the electrical loss and improving the high efficiency. Consequently, the stacked SOFC able to produce the electrical high power and related parts like as manifold, gas seal, bipolar plate were developed to optimize the stack design. However, the unit cell of SOFC was just layered on the interconnector without the adhesion and the hydrogen and oxygen were injected to the interfacial layer in the high temperature. On the operating condition, the interfacial layer can be the one of the weak point in the stacked SOFC. Therefore the evaluation of the structural safety for the failure is essentially needed. In this study, interfacial adhesion between SOFC and metal adhesive was estimated in the high temperature environment. The metal adhesive was used to strongly connect the unit cell of SOFC with interconnector and provide the electrical conductivity between them. The four point bending test was performed to measure the interfacial adhesion. The unit cell of SOFC and SiO2 wafer were diced and then attached by metal adhesive. The SiO2 wafer had the center notch to initiate a crack from the tip of the notch. The modified stereomicroscope combined with the CCD camera and system for measuring the length was used to observe the fracture behavior. Additionally, the interfacial adhesion was evaluated in the high temperature condition because the metal adhesive was affected by high temperature. Also the specimen was exposed in the furnace during several hours and then the interfacial adhesion was evaluated. Finally, the interfacial adhesion energy was quantitatively determined and compared in the each condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cell%20%28SOFC%29" title="solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)">solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20adhesive" title=" metal adhesive"> metal adhesive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature" title=" high temperature"> high temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13959/the-evaluation-for-interfacial-adhesion-between-sofc-and-metal-adhesive-in-the-high-temperature-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">461</span> Development of Antibacterial Surface Based on Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Ayazi">M.Ayazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Golshan%20Ebrahimi"> N. Golshan Ebrahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of antibacterial surface has devoted extensive researches and important field due to the growing antimicrobial resistance strains. The superhydrophobic surface has raised attention because of reducing bacteria adhesion in the absence of antibiotic agents. Evaluating the current development antibacterial surface has to be investigating to consider the potential of applying superhydrophobic surface to reduce bacterial adhesion or role of patterned surfaces on it. In this study, we present different samples with bio-inspired hierarchical and microstructures to consider their ability in reducing bacterial adhesion. The structures have inspired from rice-like pattern and lotus-leaf that developed on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polypropylene (PP). The results of the attachment behaviors have considered on two bacteria strains of gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The reduction of bacteria adhesion on these roughness surfaces demonstrated the effectiveness of rinsing ability on removing bacterial cells on structured plastic surfaces. Results have also offered the important role of bacterial species, material chemistry and hierarchical structure to prevent bacterial adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20structure" title="hierarchical structure">hierarchical structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-cleaning" title=" self-cleaning"> self-cleaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lotus-effect" title=" lotus-effect"> lotus-effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bactericidal" title=" bactericidal"> bactericidal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98682/development-of-antibacterial-surface-based-on-bio-inspired-hierarchical-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">460</span> Carbon Fiber Manufacturing Conditions to Improve Interfacial Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filip%20Stojcevski">Filip Stojcevski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Hilditch"> Tim Hilditch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20Henderson"> Luke Henderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although carbon fibre composites are becoming ever more prominent in the engineering industry, interfacial failure still remains one of the most common limitations to material performance. Carbon fiber surface treatments have played a major role in advancing composite properties however research into the influence of manufacturing variables on a fiber manufacturing line is lacking. This project investigates the impact of altering carbon fiber manufacturing conditions on a production line (specifically electrochemical oxidization and sizing variables) to assess fiber-matrix adhesion. Pristine virgin fibers were manufactured and interfacial adhesion systematically assessed from a microscale (single fiber) to a mesoscale (12k tow), and ultimately a macroscale (laminate). Correlations between interfacial shear strength (IFSS) at each level is explored as a function of known interfacial bonding mechanisms; namely mechanical interlocking, chemical adhesion and fiber wetting. Impact of these bonding mechanisms is assessed through extensive mechanical, topological and chemical characterisation. They are correlated to performance as a function of IFSS. Ultimately this study provides a bottoms up approach to improving composite laminates. By understanding the scaling effects from a singular fiber to a composite laminate and linking this knowledge to specific bonding mechanisms, material scientists can make an informed decision on the manufacturing conditions most beneficial for interfacial adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fibers" title="carbon fibers">carbon fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20adhesion" title=" interfacial adhesion"> interfacial adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20treatment" title=" surface treatment"> surface treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sizing" title=" sizing"> sizing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85487/carbon-fiber-manufacturing-conditions-to-improve-interfacial-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">459</span> Adhesion Study of Repair Mortar Based in Dune and Crushed Limestone Sand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krobba%20Benharzallah">Krobba Benharzallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenai%20%20Said"> Kenai Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouhicha%20Mohamed"> Bouhicha Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhdari%20Mohammed%20Fatah"> Lakhdari Mohammed Fatah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merah%20Ahmed"> Merah Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, great interest has been directed towards the use of local materials and natural resources in building and public works. This is to satisfy the enormous need for these materials and contribute to sustainable development. Among these resources, dune sand and limestone crushed sand, which can be an interesting alternative to the replacement of siliceous alluvial sands for the formulation of a repair mortar. The results found show that the particle size correction of dune sand by limestone sand and the addition of a superplasticizer are very beneficial in terms of adhesion and mechanical strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repair%20mortar" title="repair mortar">repair mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dune%20sand" title=" dune sand"> dune sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crushed%20limestone%20sand" title=" crushed limestone sand"> crushed limestone sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125082/adhesion-study-of-repair-mortar-based-in-dune-and-crushed-limestone-sand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">458</span> Select-Low and Select-High Methods for the Wheeled Robot Dynamic States Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogus%C5%82aw%20Schreyer">Bogusław Schreyer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper enquires on the two methods of the wheeled robot braking torque control. Those two methods are applied when the adhesion coefficient under left side wheels is different from the adhesion coefficient under the right side wheels. In case of the select-low (SL) method the braking torque on both wheels is controlled by the signals originating from the wheels on the side of the lower adhesion. In the select-high (SH) method the torque is controlled by the signals originating from the wheels on the side of the higher adhesion. The SL method is securing stable and secure robot behaviors during the braking process. However, the efficiency of this method is relatively low. The SH method is more efficient in terms of time and braking distance but in some situations may cause wheels blocking. It is important to monitor the velocity of all wheels and then take a decision about the braking torque distribution accordingly. In case of the SH method the braking torque slope may require significant decrease in order to avoid wheel blocking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=select-high" title="select-high">select-high</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=select-low" title=" select-low"> select-low</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torque%20distribution" title=" torque distribution"> torque distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheeled%20robots" title=" wheeled robots"> wheeled robots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134319/select-low-and-select-high-methods-for-the-wheeled-robot-dynamic-states-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">457</span> Nanostructural Analysis of the Polylactic Acid (PLA) Fibers Functionalized by RF Plasma Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20O.%20Nascimento">J. H. O. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20R.%20Oliveira"> F. R. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20K.%20O.%20S.%20Silva"> K. K. O. S. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Neves"> J. Neves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Teixeira"> V. Teixeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Carneiro"> J. Carneiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These the aliphatic polyesters such as Polylactic Acid (PLA) in the form of fibers, nanofibers or plastic films, generally possess chemically inert surfaces, free porosity, and surface free energy (ΔG) lesser than 32 mN/m. It is therefore considered a low surface energy material, consequently has a low work of adhesion. For this reason, the products manufactured using these polymers are often subjected to surface treatments in order to change its physic-chemical surface, improving their wettability and the Work of Adhesion (WA). Plasma Radio Frequency low pressure (RF) treatment was performed in order to improve the Work of Adhesion (WA) on PLA fibers. Different parameters, such as, power, ratio of working gas (Argon/Oxygen) and treatment time were used to optimize the plasma conditions to modify the PLA surface properties. With plasma treatment, a significant increase in the work of adhesion on PLA fiber surface was observed. The analysis performed by XPS showed an increase in polar functional groups and the SEM and AFM image revealed a considerable increase in roughness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20plasma" title="RF plasma">RF plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20modification" title=" surface modification"> surface modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLA%20fabric" title=" PLA fabric"> PLA fabric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20force%20macroscopic" title=" atomic force macroscopic"> atomic force macroscopic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanotechnology" title=" Nanotechnology"> Nanotechnology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30760/nanostructural-analysis-of-the-polylactic-acid-pla-fibers-functionalized-by-rf-plasma-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">456</span> Force Measurement for E-Cadherin-Mediated Intercellular Adhesion Probed by Protein Micropattern and Traction Force Microscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chieh-Chung%20Tsou">Chieh-Chung Tsou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Min%20Lo"> Chun-Min Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeh-Shiu%20Chu"> Yeh-Shiu Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cell’s mechanical forces provide important physical cues in regulation of proper cellular functions, such as cell differentiation, proliferation and migration. It is believed that adhesive forces generated by cell-cell interaction are able to transmit to the interior of cell through filamentous cortical cytoskeleton. Prominent among other membrane receptors, Cadherins are prototypical adhesive molecules able to generate remarkable forces to regulate intercellular adhesion. However, the mechanistic steps of mechano-transduction in Cadherin-mediated adhesion remain very controversial. We are interested in understanding how Cadherin protein complexes enable force generation and transmission at cell-cell contact in the initial stage of intercellular adhesion. For providing a better control of time, space, and substrate stiffness, in this study, a combination of protein micropattern, micropipette manipulation, and traction force microscopy is used. Pair micropattern with different forms confines cell spreading area and the gaps in pairs varied from 2 to 8 microns are applied for monitoring the forces that cell pairs generated, measured by traction force microscopy. Moreover, cell clones obtained from epithelial cells undergone genome editing are used to score the importance for known components of Cadherin complexes in force generation. We believe that our results from this combinatory mechanobiological method will provide deep insights on understanding the biophysical principle governing mechano- transduction of Cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadherin" title="cadherin">cadherin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercellular%20adhesion" title=" intercellular adhesion"> intercellular adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20micropattern" title=" protein micropattern"> protein micropattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traction%20force%20microscopy" title=" traction force microscopy"> traction force microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58816/force-measurement-for-e-cadherin-mediated-intercellular-adhesion-probed-by-protein-micropattern-and-traction-force-microscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">455</span> A Precision Medicine Approach to Sickle Cell Disease by Targeting the Adhesion Interactome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthara%20Vivek">Anthara Vivek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manisha%20Shukla"> Manisha Shukla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Narayan"> Mahesh Narayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakash%20Narayan"> Prakash Narayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sickle cell disease disproportionately affects sub-Saharan Africa and certain tribal populaces in India and has consequently drawn little intertest from Pharma. In sickle cell patients, adhesion of erythrocytes or reticulocytes to one another and the vessel wall results in painful ischemic episodes with few, if any, effective treatments for vaso-occlusive crises. Identification of disease-associated adhesion markers on erythrocytes or reticulocytes might inform the use of more effective therapies against vaso-occlusive crises. Increased expression of one or more of bcam, itga4, cd44, cd47, rap1a, vcam1, or icam4 has been reported in sickle cell subjects. Using the miRNet ontology knowledgebase, peripheral blood interactomes were generated by seeding various combinations of the afore-referenced mRNA. These interactomes yielded an array of miR targets. As examples, targeting hsa-miR-155-5p can potentially neutralize the rap1a-bcam-cd44-itga4-vcam1 erythrocyte/reticulocyte adhesion interactome whereas targeting hsa-miRs-103a-3p or 107 can potentially neutralize adhesion in cells overexpressing icam4-cd47-bcam-itga4-cd36. AM3380 (MIRacle™) is an off-the shelf hsa-miR-155-5p agomiR that can potentially neutralize the rap1a-bcam-cd44-itga4-vcam1 signaling axis. Phlebotomy coupled with transcriptomics represents a potentially feasible and effective precision medicine strategy to mitigate vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactome" title=" interactome"> interactome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision" title=" precision"> precision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicine" title=" medicine"> medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169504/a-precision-medicine-approach-to-sickle-cell-disease-by-targeting-the-adhesion-interactome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">454</span> Supplementation of Citrulline with Lactic Acid Bacteria Protects Foodborne Pathogens Adhesion and Improves the Cell Integrity on the Intestinal Epithelial Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sze%20Wing%20Ho">Sze Wing Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagendra%20P.%20Shah"> Nagendra P. Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have shown the beneficial effects on human gastrointestinal tract, such as protects diarrhea induced by lactose intolerance or enteric pathogens. Citrulline is a non-protein amino acid and also the precursors of arginine and nitric oxide, it has shown to enhance intestinal barrier function. Citrulline has shown to improve the growth of some strains of LAB, it is important for LAB to have a sufficient cell concentration to contribute the effects. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the effect of combining citrulline with LAB on the anti-adhesion effect against pathogens and the effect on the cell integrity. The effect of citrulline on selected LAB was determined by incubating in 0%, 0.1% or 0.2% citrulline enriched MRS broth for 18 h. The adhesion ability of LAB and the anti-adhesion effect of LAB and citrulline against pathogens were performed on IPEC-J2 cell line. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay was used to measure the tight junction (TJ) integrity. TJ proteins (claudin-1, occludin and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1)) were determined by western blot analysis. It found that the growth of Lactobacillus helveticus ASCC 511 was significantly stimulated by 0.2% citrulline compared with control during 18 h fermentation. The adhesion of L. helveticus ASCC 511 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) ASCC 756 was increased when supplemented with citrulline. Citrulline has shown significant inhibitory effect on the adhesion of Escherichia coli PELI0480 (O157:H7), Shigella sonnei ATCC 25931, Staphyloccocus aureus CMCC26003 and Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544. The anti-adhesion effect of L. helveticus ASCC 511, L. bulgaricus ASCC 756 and Lactobacillus paracasei ASCC 276 against Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544 was significantly enhanced with citrulline supplementation. Treatments with citrulline and LAB were able to maintain the TEER of IPEC-J2 cell and shown the positive effect on the TJ proteins. In conclusion, citrulline had stimulating effect on some strains of LAB and determined to improve the adhesion of LAB on intestinal epithelial cell, to enhance the inhibitory effect on enteric pathogens adhesion as well as had beneficial effects on maintaining cell integrity. It implied LAB supplemented with citrulline might have advantageous effects on gastrointestinal tracts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citrulline" title="citrulline">citrulline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amino%20acid" title=" amino acid"> amino acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-adhesion%20effect" title=" anti-adhesion effect"> anti-adhesion effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20integrity" title=" cell integrity"> cell integrity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89419/supplementation-of-citrulline-with-lactic-acid-bacteria-protects-foodborne-pathogens-adhesion-and-improves-the-cell-integrity-on-the-intestinal-epithelial-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">453</span> The Antagonistic/Synergistic Effect of Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii on Candida glabrata Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87">Zorica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ru%C5%BEica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87"> Ružica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Raspor"> Peter Raspor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growing resistance of pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata to many classes of antifungal drugs has stimulated efforts to discover new agents to combat a rising number of invasive C. glabrata infections, which deserves a great deal of concern due to the high mortality rate in immunocompromised populations. One promising strategy is the use of probiotic microorganisms, which, when administered in adequate amounts, confers a health benefit. A selected number of probiotic organisms, Saccharomyces boulardii among them, have been tested as potential biotherapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the probiotic yeast S. boulardii on the adhesion of clinical isolates of C. glabrata at different temperatures, pH values, and in the presence of three clinically important antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B. The method used to assess adhesion was crystal violet staining. The selection of antimycotics concentrations used in the adhesion assay was based on minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) obtained by the preliminarily performed microdilution modification of the Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), standard M27-A2). the results showed that despite the nonadhesiveness of S. boulardii cells, probiotic yeast significantly suppressed the adhesion of C. glabrata strains. Besides, at specific strain ratios, a slight stimulatory effect was observed in some C. glabrata strains, which highlights the importance of strain specificity and opens up further research interests. When environmental conditions are considered, temperature and pH significantly influenced co-culture adhesion of C. glabrata and S. boulardii. The adhesion of C. glabrata strains was relatively equally reduced over all tested temperature range (28°C, 37°C, 39°C and 42°C) in the presence of S. boulardii cells, while the adhesion of a few C. glabrata strains were significantly stimulated at 28°C and suppressed at 42°C. Further, the adhesion was highly dependent on pH, with the highest adherence at pH 4 and lowest at pH 8.5. It was observed that S. boulardii did not manage to suppress the adhesion of C. glabrata strains at high pH. Antimycotics on the other hand showed a greater impact, since S. boulardii failed to affect co-culture adhesion at higher antimycotics concentrations. As expected, exposure to various concentrations of amphotericin B significantly reduced the adherence ability of C.glabrata strains both in a single culture and co-culture with S. boulardii. Therefore, it can be speculated that S. boulardii could substitute the effect of antimycotics in a range concentrations and with specific type of strains. This would certainly change the view on the treatment of yeast infections in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimycotics" title=" antimycotics"> antimycotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20glabrata" title=" candida glabrata"> candida glabrata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saccharomyces%20boulardii" title=" saccharomyces boulardii"> saccharomyces boulardii</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171716/the-antagonisticsynergistic-effect-of-probiotic-yeast-saccharomyces-boulardii-on-candida-glabrata-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">452</span> Adhesion of Sputtered Copper Thin Films Deposited on Flexible Substrates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rwei-Ching%20Chang">Rwei-Ching Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo-Yu%20Su"> Bo-Yu Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adhesion of copper thin films deposited on polyethylene terephthAdhesion of copper thin films deposited on polyethylene terephthalate substrate by direct current sputtering with different sputtering parameters is discussed in this work. The effects of plasma treatment with 0, 5, and 10 minutes on the thin film properties are investigated first. Various argon flow rates at 40, 50, 60 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm), deposition power at 30, 40, 50 W, and film thickness at 100, 200, 300 nm are also discussed. The 3-dimensional surface profilometer, micro scratch machine, and optical microscope are used to characterize the thin film properties. The results show that the increase of the plasma treatment time on the polyethylene terephthalate surface affects the roughness and critical load of the films. The critical load increases as the plasma treatment time increases. When the plasma treatment time was adjusted from 5 minutes to 10 minutes, the adhesion increased from 8.20 mN to 13.67 mN. When the argon flow rate is decreased from 60 sccm to 40 sccm, the adhesion increases from 8.27 mN to 13.67 mN. The adhesion is also increased by the condition of higher power, where the adhesion increased from 13.67 mN to 25.07 mN as the power increases from 30 W to 50 W. The adhesion of the film increases from 13.67 mN to 21.41mN as the film thickness increases from 100 nm to 300 nm. Comparing all the deposition parameters, it indicates the change of the power and thickness has much improvement on the film adhesion.alate substrate by direct current sputtering with different sputtering parameters is discussed in this work. The effects of plasma treatment with 0, 5, and 10 minutes on the thin film properties are investigated first. Various argon flow rates at 40, 50, 60 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm), deposition power at 30, 40, 50 W, and film thickness at 100, 200, 300 nm are also discussed. The 3-dimensional surface profilometer, micro scratch machine, and optical microscope are used to characterize the thin film properties. The results show that the increase of the plasma treatment time on the polyethylene terephthalate surface affects the roughness and critical load of the films. The critical load increases as the plasma treatment time increases. When the plasma treatment time was adjusted from 5 minutes to 10 minutes, the adhesion increased from 8.20 mN to 13.67 mN. When the argon flow rate is decreased from 60 sccm to 40 sccm, the adhesion increases from 8.27 mN to 13.67 mN. The adhesion is also increased by the condition of higher power, where the adhesion increased from 13.67 mN to 25.07 mN as the power increases from 30 W to 50 W. The adhesion of the film increases from 13.67 mN to 21.41mN as the film thickness increases from 100 nm to 300 nm. Comparing all the deposition parameters, it indicates the change of the power and thickness has much improvement on the film adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20substrate" title="flexible substrate">flexible substrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sputtering" title=" sputtering"> sputtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20thin%20film" title=" copper thin film"> copper thin film</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104732/adhesion-of-sputtered-copper-thin-films-deposited-on-flexible-substrates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">451</span> Comparing Pathogen Inhibition Effect of Different Preparations of Probiotic L. reuteri Strains</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejinder%20Pal%20Singh">Tejinder Pal Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravinder%20Kumar%20Malik"> Ravinder Kumar Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurpreet%20Kaur"> Gurpreet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adhesion is key factor for colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and the ability of probiotic strains to inhibit pathogens. Therefore, the adhesion ability is considered as a suitable biomarker for the selection of potential probiotic. In the present study, eight probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strains were evaluated as viable, LiCl treated or heat-killed forms and compared with probiotic reference strains (L. reuteri ATCC55730). All strains investigated were able to adhere to Caco-2 cells. All probiotic L. reuteri strains tested were able to inhibit and displace (P < 0.05) the adhesion of Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Salmonella typhi NCDC113, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC53135 and Enterococcus faecalis NCDC115. The probiotic strain L. reuteri LR6 showed the strongest adhesion and pathogen inhibition ability among the eight L. reuteri strains tested. In addition, the abilities to inhibit and to displace adhered pathogens depended on both the probiotic and the pathogen strains tested suggesting the involvement of various mechanisms. The adhesion and antagonistic potential of the probiotic strains were significantly decreased upon exposure to 5M LiCl, showing that surface molecules, proteinaceous in nature, are involved. The heat-killed forms of the probiotic L. reuteri strains also inhibited the attachment of selected pathogens to Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, in vitro assays showed that L. reuteri strains, as viable or heat-killed forms, are adherent to Caco-2 cell line model and are highly antagonistic to selected pathogens in which surface molecules, proteinaceous molecules in particular, plays an important role. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title="probiotics">probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactobacillus%20reuteri" title=" Lactobacillus reuteri"> Lactobacillus reuteri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caco-2%20cells" title=" Caco-2 cells"> Caco-2 cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46992/comparing-pathogen-inhibition-effect-of-different-preparations-of-probiotic-l-reuteri-strains" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">450</span> Physiological Normoxia and Cellular Adhesion of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Primary Cells: Real-Time PCR and Immunohistochemistry Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamila%20Du%C5%9B-Szachniewicz">Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinga%20M.%20Walaszek"> Kinga M. Walaszek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20Skiba"> Paweł Skiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20Ko%C5%82odziej"> Paweł Kołodziej</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Zi%C3%B3%C5%82kowski"> Piotr Ziółkowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cell adhesion is of fundamental importance in the cell communication, signaling, and motility, and its dysfunction occurs prevalently during cancer progression. The knowledge of the molecular and cellular processes involved in abnormalities in cancer cells adhesion has greatly increased, and it has been focused mainly on cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) and tumor microenvironment. Unfortunately, most of the data regarding CAMs expression relates to study on cells maintained in standard oxygen condition of 21%, while the emerging evidence suggests that culturing cells in ambient air is far from physiological. In fact, oxygen in human tissues ranges from 1 to 11%. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of physiological lymph node normoxia (5% O2), and hyperoxia (21% O2) on the expression of cellular adhesion molecules of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells (DLBCL) isolated from 10 lymphoma patients. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the differential expression of several CAMs, including ICAM, CD83, CD81, CD44, depending on the level of oxygen. Our findings also suggest that DLBCL cells maintained at ambient O2 (21%) exhibit reduced growth rate and migration ability compared to the cells growing in normoxia conditions. Taking into account all the observations, we emphasize the need to identify the optimal human cell culture conditions mimicking the physiological aspects of tumor growth and differentiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion%20molecules" title="adhesion molecules">adhesion molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuse%20large%20B-cell%20lymphoma" title=" diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"> diffuse large B-cell lymphoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20normoxia" title=" physiological normoxia"> physiological normoxia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20RT-PCR" title=" quantitative RT-PCR"> quantitative RT-PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58050/physiological-normoxia-and-cellular-adhesion-of-diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma-primary-cells-real-time-pcr-and-immunohistochemistry-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">449</span> The Influence of Alginate Microspheres Modified with DAT on the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of ASCs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Yi%20Mao">Shin-Yi Mao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiashing%20Yu"> Jiashing Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) has received lots of attention as biological scaffolds recently. DAT that extracted from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of adipose tissues holds great promise as a xenogeneic biomaterial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In our study, 2-D DATsol film was fabricated to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of ASCs in vitro. DAT was also used to modify alginate for improvement of cell adhesion. Alginate microspheres modified with DAT were prepared by Nisco. These microspheres could provide a highly supportive 3-D environment for ASCs. In our works, ASCs were immobilized in alginate microspheres modified with DAT to promoted cell adhesion and adipogenic differentiation. Accordingly, we hypothesize that tissue regeneration in vivo could be promoted with the aid of modified microspheres in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20stem%20cells" title="adipose stem cells">adipose stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decellularize%20adipose%20tissue" title=" decellularize adipose tissue"> decellularize adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alginate" title=" Alginate"> Alginate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcarries" title=" microcarries"> microcarries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276/the-influence-of-alginate-microspheres-modified-with-dat-on-the-proliferation-and-adipogenic-differentiation-of-ascs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">448</span> Macroscopic Evidence of the Liquidlike Nature of Nanoscale Polydimethylsiloxane Brushes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoxiao%20Zhao">Xiaoxiao Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report macroscopic evidence of the liquidlike nature of surface-tethered poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) brushes by studying their adhesion to ice. Whereas ice permanently detaches from solid surfaces when subjected to sufficient shear, commonly referred to as the material’s ice adhesion strength, adhered ice instead slides over PDMS brushes indefinitely. When additionally methylated, we observe a Couette-like flow of the PDMS brushes between the ice and silicon surface. PDMS brush ice adhesion displays shear-rate-dependent shear stress and rheological behavior reminiscent of liquids and is affected by ice velocity, temperature, and brush thickness, following scaling laws akin to liquid PDMS films. This liquidlike nature allows it to detach solely by self-weight, yielding an ice adhesion strength of 0.3 kPa, 1000 times less than low surface energy, perfluorinated monolayer. The methylated PDMS brushes also display omniphobicity, repelling all liquids essentially with vanishingly small contact angle hysteresis. Methylation results in significantly higher contact angles than previously reported, nonmethylated brushes, especially for polar liquids of both high and low surface tension. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=omniphobic" title="omniphobic">omniphobic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20science" title=" surface science"> surface science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20brush" title=" polymer brush"> polymer brush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=icephobic%20surface" title=" icephobic surface"> icephobic surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164155/macroscopic-evidence-of-the-liquidlike-nature-of-nanoscale-polydimethylsiloxane-brushes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">447</span> The Effect of the Spinacia oleracea Extract on the Control of the Green Mold 'Penilillium digitatum' at the Post Harvested Citrus </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Chbani">Asma Chbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douaa%20Salim"> Douaa Salim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josephine%20%20Al%20Alam"> Josephine Al Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascale%20De%20Caro"> Pascale De Caro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of citrus green mold, is responsible for 90% of post-harvest losses. Chemical fungicides remain the most used products for protection against this pathogen but are also responsible for damage to human health and the environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of Spinacia oleracea extract to serve as biological control agents, an alternative to harmful synthetic fungicides, against orange decay for storing fruit caused by P. digitatum. In this study, we studied the implication of a crude extract of a green plant, Spinacia oleracea, in the protection of oranges against P. digitatum. Thus, in vivo antifungal tests as well as adhesion test were done. For in vivo antifungal test, oranges were pulverized with the prepared crude extracts at different concentrations ranged from 25 g L⁻¹ to 200 g L⁻¹, contaminated by the fungus and then observed during 8 weeks for their macroscopic changes at 24°C. For adhesion test, the adhesion index is defined as the number of Penicillium digitatum spores fixed per orange cell. An index greater than 25 is the indicator of a strong adhesion, whereas for an index less than 10, the adhesion is low. Ten orange cells were examined in triplicate for each extract, and the averages of adherent cells were calculated. Obtained results showed an inhibitory activity of the Penicillium development with the aqueous extract of dry Spinacia oleracea with a concentration of 50 g L⁻¹ considered as the minimal protective concentration. The prepared extracts showed a greater inhibition of the development of P. digitatum up to 10 weeks, even greater than the fungicide control Nystatin. Adhesion test’s results showed that the adhesion of P. digitatum spores to the epidermal cells of oranges in the presence of the crude spinach leaves extract is weak; the mean of the obtained adhesion index was estimated to 2.7. However, a high adhesion was observed with water used a negative control. In conclusion, all these results confirm that the use of this green plant highly rich in chlorophyll having several phytotherapeutic activities, could be employed as a great treatment for protection of oranges against mold and also as an alternative for chemical fungicides. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penicillium%20digitatum" title="Penicillium digitatum">Penicillium digitatum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spinacia%20oleracea" title=" Spinacia oleracea"> Spinacia oleracea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oranges" title=" oranges"> oranges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20control" title=" biological control"> biological control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postharvest%20diseases" title=" postharvest diseases"> postharvest diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82068/the-effect-of-the-spinacia-oleracea-extract-on-the-control-of-the-green-mold-penilillium-digitatum-at-the-post-harvested-citrus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">446</span> Correlation Mapping for Measuring Platelet Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunseop%20Yeom">Eunseop Yeom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Platelets can be activated by the surrounding blood flows where a blood vessel is narrowed as a result of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify the relation between platelets activation and thrombus formation. To measure platelet adhesion, this study proposes an image analysis technique. Blood samples are delivered in the microfluidic channel, and then platelets are activated by a stenotic micro-channel with 90% severity. By applying proposed correlation mapping, which visualizes decorrelation of the streaming blood flow, the area of adhered platelets (APlatelet) was estimated without labeling platelets. In order to evaluate the performance of correlation mapping on the detection of platelet adhesion, the effect of tile size was investigated by calculating 2D correlation coefficients with binary images obtained by manual labeling and the correlation mapping method with different sizes of the square tile ranging from 3 to 50 pixels. The maximum 2D correlation coefficient is observed with the optimum tile size of 5×5 pixels. As the area of the platelet adhesion increases, the platelets plug the channel and there is only a small amount of blood flows. This image analysis could provide new insights for better understanding of the interactions between platelet aggregation and blood flows in various physiological conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=platelet%20activation" title="platelet activation">platelet activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation%20coefficient" title=" correlation coefficient"> correlation coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20analysis" title=" image analysis"> image analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20rate" title=" shear rate"> shear rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87040/correlation-mapping-for-measuring-platelet-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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