CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Spingold - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d682e137-ff09-434e-bf77-db2813cb0761","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Spingold","wgTitle":"Spingold","wgCurRevisionId":1190944181,"wgRevisionId":1190944181,"wgArticleId":6779182,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","North American Bridge Championships"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Spingold","wgRelevantArticleId":6779182,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{ "levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7577546","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Spingold - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spingold"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spingold"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Spingold rootpage-Spingold skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Spingold" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Spingold" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Spingold" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Spingold" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Winners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Winners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spingold</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7577546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spingold" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Spingold" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spingold"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spingold"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Spingold" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Spingold" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&oldid=1190944181" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Spingold&id=1190944181&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpingold"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpingold"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Spingold&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7577546" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">North American bridge championship</div> <p>The <b>Spingold</b> national bridge championship is held at the summer <a href="/wiki/American_Contract_Bridge_League" title="American Contract Bridge League">American Contract Bridge League</a> (ACBL) <a href="/wiki/North_American_Bridge_Championships" title="North American Bridge Championships">North American Bridge Championship</a> (NABC). </p><p>The Spingold is a knock-out team event that attracts the top contract bridge players in the world. The event typically lasts seven days with each day being a round consisting of four sessions of 16 boards. The event is open and <a href="/wiki/Seed_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed (sports)">seeded</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1044870489">@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .tocright{display:none}.mw-parser-output .tocright{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocright{float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><div class="tocright"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Spingold Master Knockout Teams, first known as the Challenge Knockout Teams, was contested for the <a href="/wiki/Asbury_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Asbury Park, New Jersey">Asbury Park</a> Trophy in the early days. The runner-up team in the regularly scheduled portion of the event had the right to challenge the winners to a playoff. This right was never utilized. </p><p>In 1934, 1936 and 1937, the Masters Teams-of-Four and the Asbury Park Trophy were separate events, providing two sets of winners. In 1938 the event became the Spingold Master Knockout Teams and a part of the Summer NABC. At one time, the Spingold was a double elimination event, usually lasting nine or 10 sessions. It was scored by International Match Points and was restricted to players with 100 or more masterpoints. In 1965, the double elimination method was replaced by three qualifying sessions (subsequently reduced to two), followed by single elimination knockout matches. The preliminary qualifying sessions were dropped in 1970. </p><p>The Spingold Trophy, donated by <a href="/wiki/Nathan_B._Spingold" title="Nathan B. Spingold">Nathan B. Spingold</a> in 1934, is one of ACBL's most highly prized team trophies. The event, which attracts virtually all of the world's best bridge players, is widely considered one of the toughest events in the world. Many bridge aficionados consider the modern day Spingold tougher to win than a World Championship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Winners">Winners</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Winners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>'s professional teams won the Spingold nine times in 15 years from 1993 to 2007, including four in a row without change in personnel (intact) from 1993 to 1996, and two more 1998–99 after one change. The four-time winners were Nickell, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a> replaced Wolff and played on the other five Nickell champions, over ten years. </p><p>The champion has defended its title intact on four other occasions, 1965, 1971, 2002, and 2012. </p><p>The winners in 2011-12 and the winners and runner up in 2014 and 2015 each had two players who were later disqualified for cheating, this casting doubt on the integrity of those performances. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Asbury Park Trophy teams-of-four (1930–1937) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Winners</th> <th>Runners-up </th></tr> <tr> <th> 1930  </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ely_Culbertson" title="Ely Culbertson">Ely Culbertson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Culbertson" title="Josephine Culbertson">Josephine Culbertson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Gottlieb" title="Michael T. Gottlieb">Michael T. Gottlieb</a>, Willard Karn, Lee Langdon, <a href="/wiki/P._Hal_Sims" title="P. Hal Sims">P. Hal Sims</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1931 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, Willard Karn, <a href="/wiki/P._Hal_Sims" title="P. Hal Sims">P. Hal Sims</a> </td> <td>S. Garton Churchill, Travers LeGros, Dorothy Roberts, Phillip Stockvis </td></tr> <tr> <th>1932 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Gottlieb" title="Michael T. Gottlieb">Michael T. Gottlieb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_H._Watson" title="Louis H. Watson">Louis H. Watson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, Herbert Lent, George Reith, Anne Rosenfeld </td></tr> <tr> <th>1933 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Frey" title="Richard L. Frey">Richard L. Frey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td>Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Louis_H._Watson" title="Louis H. Watson">Louis H. Watson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1934 </th> <td>Aaron Frank, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glick" title="Jeff Glick">Jeff Glick</a>, William Hopkins, Charles Porter </td> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Culbertson" title="Josephine Culbertson">Josephine Culbertson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonny_Moyse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonny Moyse (page does not exist)">Sonny Moyse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Stearns" title="Sherman Stearns">Sherman Stearns</a>   </td></tr> <tr> <th>1935 </th> <td>  Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, Merwyn Maier, <a href="/wiki/Louis_H._Watson" title="Louis H. Watson">Louis H. Watson</a>   </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitch_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitch Barnes (page does not exist)">Mitch Barnes</a>, Huber Boscowitz, Charles Lochridge, Johnny Rau </td></tr> <tr> <th>1936 </th> <td>Lewis Bernard, Louis Haddad, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Landy_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alvin Landy (bridge)">Alvin Landy</a>, Matthew Reilly, Philip Steiner </td> <td>Melvin Goddard, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, Henry Vogel, Derrick Wernher </td></tr> <tr> <th>1937 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, Merwyn Maier, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phil_Abramsohn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phil Abramsohn (page does not exist)">Phil Abramsohn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitch_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitch Barnes (page does not exist)">Mitch Barnes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Chanin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Chanin (page does not exist)">Henry Chanin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morrie_Elis" title="Morrie Elis">Morrie Elis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Kaplan_(bridge)" title="Fred Kaplan (bridge)">Fred Kaplan</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Spingold Trophy teams-of-four, 1934 to present </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Winners</th> <th>Runners-up </th></tr> <tr> <th> 1934  </th> <td>  <a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Frey" title="Richard L. Frey">Richard L. Frey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Gottlieb" title="Michael T. Gottlieb">Michael T. Gottlieb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>   </td> <td>Aaron Frank, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glick" title="Jeff Glick">Jeff Glick</a>, Louis Haddad, Charles Hall </td></tr> <tr> <th>1936 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td>Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., Merwyn Maier, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1937 </th> <td>Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td> <td>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phil_Abramsohn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phil Abramsohn (page does not exist)">Phil Abramsohn</a>, Lewis Bernard, <a href="/wiki/Morrie_Elis" title="Morrie Elis">Morrie Elis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Fishbein" title="Harry Fishbein">Harry Fishbein</a>, Herbert Goldberg   </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" bgcolor="FFFFFF"><small>After 1937, the Spingold became a championship of the new ACBL and part of its summer NABC meet.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th> 1938  </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Burnstine" class="mw-redirect" title="David Burnstine">David Burnstine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, Merwyn Maier, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitch_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitch Barnes (page does not exist)">Mitch Barnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morrie_Elis" title="Morrie Elis">Morrie Elis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Kaplan_(bridge)" title="Fred Kaplan (bridge)">Fred Kaplan</a>, Charles Lochridge </td></tr> <tr> <th>1939 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, Merwyn Maier, Robert McPherran, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, Myron Fuchs, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, Charles Solomon, <a href="/wiki/Sally_Young" title="Sally Young">Sally Young</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1940 </th> <td>Oscar Brotman, <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Lebhar_Jr." title="Bertram Lebhar Jr.">Bertram Lebhar Jr.</a>, Samuel Katz, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a> </td> <td>Sam Fry, Myron Fuchs, Edward Hymes Jr., Charles Lochridge, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1941 </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitch_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitch Barnes (page does not exist)">Mitch Barnes</a>, Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, Merwyn Maier, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1942 </th> <td>Sigmund Dornbusch, <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Frey" title="Richard L. Frey">Richard L. Frey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazen" title="Lee Hazen">Lee Hazen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td>Jay Feigus, Charles Harvey, Samuel Katz, Edward Marcus </td></tr> <tr> <th>1943 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Fishbein" title="Harry Fishbein">Harry Fishbein</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1944 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td>Simon Becker, Edward Ellenbogen, Stanley Frenkel, Peggy Golder </td></tr> <tr> <th>1945 </th> <td>Sam Fry, Edward Hymes Jr., <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lightner" title="Theodore Lightner">Theodore Lightner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Fishbein" title="Harry Fishbein">Harry Fishbein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazen" title="Lee Hazen">Lee Hazen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1946 </th> <td>William Christian, Mark Hodges, <a href="/wiki/Sol_Mogal" title="Sol Mogal">Sol Mogal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Wagar" title="Margaret Wagar">Margaret Wagar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glick" title="Jeff Glick">Jeff Glick</a>, Arthur Goldsmith, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Landy" title="Alvin Landy">Alvin Landy</a>, Elmer Schwartz </td></tr> <tr> <th>1947 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazen" title="Lee Hazen">Lee Hazen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1948 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Wagar" title="Margaret Wagar">Margaret Wagar</a> </td> <td>Julius Bank, Arthur Glatt, Robert Halpin, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, Ralph Kempner </td></tr> <tr> <th>1949 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glick" title="Jeff Glick">Jeff Glick</a>, Arthur Goldsmith, Bruce Gowdy, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Landy" title="Alvin Landy">Alvin Landy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sol_Mogal" title="Sol Mogal">Sol Mogal</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Chanin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Chanin (page does not exist)">Henry Chanin</a>, David Clarren, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, Jack Krause, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1950 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1951 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Myron_Field" title="Myron Field">Myron Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a> </td> <td>Ambrose Casner, Charles Hall, Allen Harvey, Frank Weisbach </td></tr> <tr> <th>1952 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Glick" title="Jeff Glick">Jeff Glick</a>, Arthur Goldsmith, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Landy" title="Alvin Landy">Alvin Landy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sol_Mogal" title="Sol Mogal">Sol Mogal</a>, Edwin Smith </td></tr> <tr> <th>1953 </th> <td>Clifford Bishop, <a href="/wiki/Milton_Ellenby" title="Milton Ellenby">Milton Ellenby</a>, Don Oakie, <a href="/wiki/William_Rosen" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rosen">William Rosen</a>, Doug Steen </td> <td><small>2/5. Ed Burns, David Clarren, <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Lebhar_Jr." title="Bertram Lebhar Jr.">Bertram Lebhar Jr.</a>, Sam Katz, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Weiss" title="Albert Weiss">Albert Weiss</a> <br />2/5. F. Ayres Bombeck, <a href="/wiki/David_Carter_(bridge)" title="David Carter (bridge)">David Carter</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_W._Hubbell" title="John W. Hubbell">John W. Hubbell</a>, Arthur Kincaid, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Nail" title="Bobby Nail">Bobby Nail</a> <br />2/5. <a href="/wiki/Harold_Harkavy" title="Harold Harkavy">Harold Harkavy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edith_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Kemp">Edith Kemp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Stone" title="Tobias Stone">Tobias Stone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> <br />2/5. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Erdos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Erdos (page does not exist)">Ivan Erdos</a>, Edward Frischauer, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Mathe" title="Lew Mathe">Lew Mathe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meyer_Schleifer" title="Meyer Schleifer">Meyer Schleifer</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1954 </th> <td>Clifford Bishop, <a href="/wiki/Milton_Ellenby" title="Milton Ellenby">Milton Ellenby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Mathe" title="Lew Mathe">Lew Mathe</a>, John Moran, <a href="/wiki/William_Rosen" class="mw-redirect" title="William Rosen">William Rosen</a> </td> <td><small>2/4. F. Ayres Bombeck, <a href="/wiki/David_Carter_(bridge)" title="David Carter (bridge)">David Carter</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Gerber_(bridge)" title="John Gerber (bridge)">John Gerber</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_W._Hubbell" title="John W. Hubbell">John W. Hubbell</a>, Harold Rockaway <br />2/4. Eddie Burns, Ambrose Casner, Allen Harvey, Cliff Russell <br />2/4. Sidney Lazard, Cyrus Newman, Lewis Rosen, Julius Rosenblum, Robert Rothlein</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1955 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Myron_Field" title="Myron Field">Myron Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazen" title="Lee Hazen">Lee Hazen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kahn_(contract_bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Kahn (contract bridge)">Richard Kahn</a>, Charles Solomon, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1956 </th> <td colspan="2">1/3. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, Peter Leventritt, Boris Koytchou, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Ogust" title="Harold Ogust">Harold Ogust</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Seamon" class="mw-redirect" title="William Seamon">William Seamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a> <br />1/3. <a href="/wiki/Harold_Harkavy" title="Harold Harkavy">Harold Harkavy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Mitchell" title="Victor Mitchell">Victor Mitchell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Stone" title="Tobias Stone">Tobias Stone</a> <br />1/3. Robert Abeles, Kalman Apfel, Francis Begley, Louis Kelner, Ronald Rosenberg </td></tr> <tr> <th>1957 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Stone" title="Tobias Stone">Tobias Stone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milton_Ellenby" title="Milton Ellenby">Milton Ellenby</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Erdos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Erdos (page does not exist)">Ivan Erdos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Hochfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel Hochfeld (page does not exist)">Emmanuel Hochfeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1958 </th> <td>Paul Allinger, William Hanna, Sidney Lazard, Cyrus Neuman, Robert Rothlein </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Fishbein" title="Harry Fishbein">Harry Fishbein</a>, Sam Fry, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Harmon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard Harmon (page does not exist)">Leonard Harmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazen" title="Lee Hazen">Lee Hazen</a>, Ivar Stakold </td></tr> <tr> <th>1959 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Grieve_(bridge)" title="William Grieve (bridge)">William Grieve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Jacoby" title="Oswald Jacoby">Oswald Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Mitchell" title="Victor Mitchell">Victor Mitchell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, Morton Rubinow, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, Andy Gabrilovitch, Frank Hoadley, Mike Michaels, Jan Stone, Richard Walsh </td></tr> <tr> <th>1960 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Goren" title="Charles Goren">Charles Goren</a>, Peter Leventritt, Boris Koytchou, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Ogust" title="Harold Ogust">Harold Ogust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schenken" title="Howard Schenken">Howard Schenken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Sobel" class="mw-redirect" title="Helen Sobel">Helen Sobel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Grieve_(bridge)" title="William Grieve (bridge)">William Grieve</a>, Ralph Hirschberg, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1961 </th> <td>Andy Gabrilovitch, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Kantar">Eddie Kantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Miles" title="Marshall Miles">Marshall Miles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_R._Crawford" title="John R. Crawford">John R. Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Silodor" title="Sidney Silodor">Sidney Silodor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Stone" title="Tobias Stone">Tobias Stone</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1962 </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Harmon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard Harmon (page does not exist)">Leonard Harmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Kantar">Eddie Kantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Miles" title="Marshall Miles">Marshall Miles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Stakgold" title="Ivar Stakgold">Ivar Stakgold</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Carter_(bridge)" title="David Carter (bridge)">David Carter</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_W._Hubbell" title="John W. Hubbell">John W. Hubbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Michaud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald Michaud (page does not exist)">Gerald Michaud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Nail" title="Bobby Nail">Bobby Nail</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1963 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Russ_Arnold" title="Russ Arnold">Russ Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Harkavy" title="Harold Harkavy">Harold Harkavy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edith_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Kemp">Edith Kemp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, Cliff Russell, <a href="/wiki/William_Seamon" class="mw-redirect" title="William Seamon">William Seamon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sami_Kehela" title="Sami Kehela">Sami Kehela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kahn_(contract_bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Kahn (contract bridge)">Richard Kahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a>, Tommy Sanders, <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Stone" title="Tobias Stone">Tobias Stone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_von_Zedtwitz" title="Waldemar von Zedtwitz">Waldemar von Zedtwitz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1964 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Elliott_(bridge)" title="Bruce Elliott (bridge)">Bruce Elliott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sami_Kehela" title="Sami Kehela">Sami Kehela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Murray_(bridge)" title="Eric Murray (bridge)">Eric Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Percy_Sheardown" title="Percy Sheardown">Percy Sheardown</a> </td> <td>Marvin Altman, Bruce Gowdy, Fred Hoffer, Ray Jotcham </td></tr> <tr> <th>1965 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Elliott_(bridge)" title="Bruce Elliott (bridge)">Bruce Elliott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sami_Kehela" title="Sami Kehela">Sami Kehela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Murray_(bridge)" title="Eric Murray (bridge)">Eric Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Percy_Sheardown" title="Percy Sheardown">Percy Sheardown</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hayden" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy Hayden">Dorothy Hayden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan" title="Edgar Kaplan">Edgar Kaplan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1966 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, Curtis Smith </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Grieve_(bridge)" title="William Grieve (bridge)">William Grieve</a>, Sidney Lazard, Paul Levitt, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Ogust" title="Harold Ogust">Harold Ogust</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1967 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan" title="Edgar Kaplan">Edgar Kaplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Roth_(bridge)" title="Alvin Roth (bridge)">Alvin Roth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Gerber_(bridge)" title="John Gerber (bridge)">John Gerber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hodge" title="Paul Hodge">Paul Hodge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Morse_(bridge)" title="Dan Morse (bridge)">Dan Morse</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rosenkranz" title="George Rosenkranz">George Rosenkranz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1968 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sami_Kehela" title="Sami Kehela">Sami Kehela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan" title="Edgar Kaplan">Edgar Kaplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, Sidney Lazard, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Murray_(bridge)" title="Eric Murray (bridge)">Eric Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a> </td> <td>Steve Altman, <a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hayden" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy Hayden">Dorothy Hayden</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1969 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Eisenberg" title="Billy Eisenberg">Billy Eisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawrence_(bridge)" title="Mike Lawrence (bridge)">Mike Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phil_Feldesman" title="Phil Feldesman">Phil Feldesman</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Grieve_(bridge)" title="William Grieve (bridge)">William Grieve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Mitchell" title="Victor Mitchell">Victor Mitchell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Stayman" title="Sam Stayman">Sam Stayman</a>, Jeff Westheimer </td></tr> <tr> <th>1970 </th> <td>Steve Altman, Tom Smith, Dave Strasberg, Joel Stuart, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_Eisenberg" title="Billy Eisenberg">Billy Eisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawrence_(bridge)" title="Mike Lawrence (bridge)">Mike Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1971 </th> <td>Steve Altman, Eugene Neiger, Tom Smith, Joel Stuart, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan" title="Edgar Kaplan">Edgar Kaplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, Don Krauss, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Mathe" title="Lew Mathe">Lew Mathe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1972 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/B._Jay_Becker" title="B. Jay Becker">B. Jay Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, Andy Bernstein, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Rubens" title="Jeff Rubens">Jeff Rubens</a> </td> <td>Pat Brennan, Byron Greenberg, <a href="/wiki/Edith_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Kemp">Edith Kemp</a>, Cliff Russell, Curtis Smith, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Weiss" title="Albert Weiss">Albert Weiss</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1973 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Larry_T._Cohen_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Larry T. Cohen (bridge)">Larry T. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Eisenberg" title="Billy Eisenberg">Billy Eisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Kantar">Eddie Kantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Katz" title="Richard H. Katz">Richard H. Katz</a>, Bud Reinhold </td> <td>Minda Brachman, Sidney Lazard, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Swanson_(bridge)" title="John Swanson (bridge)">John Swanson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1974 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Lou_Bluhm" title="Lou Bluhm">Lou Bluhm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gould_(bridge)" title="Larry Gould (bridge)">Larry Gould</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Goldberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Goldberg">Steve Goldberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Shepherd" title="Richard Shepherd">Richard Shepherd</a> </td> <td>Harlow Lewis, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Mathe" title="Lew Mathe">Lew Mathe</a>, Peter Pender, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a>, Harry Stappenbeck, Arthur Waldman </td></tr> <tr> <th>1975 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Grant_Baze" title="Grant Baze">Grant Baze</a>, John Fejervary, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a>, Piyush Vakil, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Von_der_Porten" title="Ron Von der Porten">Ron Von der Porten</a> </td> <td>Ira Cohen, Harold Guiver, Marty Shallon, Bill Sides </td></tr> <tr> <th>1976 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bates" title="Roger Bates">Roger Bates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_T._Cohen_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Larry T. Cohen (bridge)">Larry T. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Katz" title="Richard H. Katz">Richard H. Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Mohan" title="John Mohan">John Mohan</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rosenkranz" title="George Rosenkranz">George Rosenkranz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Berkowitz_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Berkowitz (bridge)">David Berkowitz</a>, Mark Blumenthal, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jacoby" title="Jim Jacoby">Jim Jacoby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawrence_(bridge)" title="Mike Lawrence (bridge)">Mike Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, John Solodar </td></tr> <tr> <th>1977 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Lou_Bluhm" title="Lou Bluhm">Lou Bluhm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Morse_(bridge)" title="Dan Morse (bridge)">Dan Morse</a>, Cliff Russell, Curtis Smith, Tommy Sanders, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Wold" title="Eddie Wold">Eddie Wold</a> </td> <td>Ken Cohen, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gould_(bridge)" title="Larry Gould (bridge)">Larry Gould</a>, Larry Kozlove, John Sheridan </td></tr> <tr> <th>1978 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Brachman" title="Malcolm Brachman">Malcolm Brachman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Kantar">Eddie Kantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Passell" title="Mike Passell">Mike Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a> </td> <td>Steve Altman, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan" title="Edgar Kaplan">Edgar Kaplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_(bridge)" title="Norman Kay (bridge)">Norman Kay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Pavlicek" title="Richard Pavlicek">Richard Pavlicek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Root_(bridge)" title="Bill Root (bridge)">Bill Root</a>, Tom Smith </td></tr> <tr> <th>1979 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hamilton_(bridge)" title="Fred Hamilton (bridge)">Fred Hamilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ed_Manfield" title="Ed Manfield">Ed Manfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Robinson_(bridge)" title="Steve Robinson (bridge)">Steve Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a>, John Sheridan, <a href="/wiki/Kit_Woolsey" title="Kit Woolsey">Kit Woolsey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1980 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Larsen" title="Kyle Larsen">Kyle Larsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Von_der_Porten" title="Ron Von der Porten">Ron Von der Porten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td> <td>Rich Freisner, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Glubok" title="Brian Glubok">Brian Glubok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawrence_(bridge)" title="Mike Lawrence (bridge)">Mike Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Rap%C3%A9e" title="George Rapée">George Rapée</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosenberg" title="Michael Rosenberg">Michael Rosenberg</a>, John Solodar </td></tr> <tr> <th>1981 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Larry_Cohen_(bridge)" title="Larry Cohen (bridge)">Larry N. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Gerard" title="Ron Gerard">Ron Gerard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Katz" title="Ralph Katz">Ralph Katz</a>, Warren Rosner, <a href="/wiki/Allan_Stauber" title="Allan Stauber">Allan Stauber</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Sutherlin" title="John Sutherlin">John Sutherlin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bart_Bramley" title="Bart Bramley">Bart Bramley</a>, Rich Freisner, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Manfield" title="Ed Manfield">Ed Manfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kit_Woolsey" title="Kit Woolsey">Kit Woolsey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1982 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Molson" title="Mark Molson">Mark Molson</a>, Billy Cohen, Eric Kokish, Peter Nagy </td></tr> <tr> <th>1983 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Brachman" title="Malcolm Brachman">Malcolm Brachman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Andersen" title="Ron Andersen">Ron Andersen</a> </td> <td>Luella Slaner, <a href="/wiki/Marty_Bergen_(bridge)" title="Marty Bergen (bridge)">Marty Bergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Cohen_(bridge)" title="Larry Cohen (bridge)">Larry N. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Glubok" title="Brian Glubok">Brian Glubok</a>, Mark Cohen, Jerry Goldfein </td></tr> <tr> <th>1984 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Rosenkranz" title="George Rosenkranz">George Rosenkranz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Wold" title="Eddie Wold">Eddie Wold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marty_Bergen_(bridge)" title="Marty Bergen (bridge)">Marty Bergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Cohen_(bridge)" title="Larry Cohen (bridge)">Larry N. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, Allan Cokin, Jim Sternberg, <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Chazen" title="Bernie Chazen">Bernie Chazen</a>, Steve Sion </td></tr> <tr> <th>1985 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Mahaffey" title="Tom Mahaffey">Tom Mahaffey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Denny" title="Jack Denny">Jack Denny</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Passell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Passell (page does not exist)">Bill Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russ_Arnold" title="Russ Arnold">Russ Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ira_Rubin" title="Ira Rubin">Ira Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Burger" title="Chuck Burger">Chuck Burger</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawrence_(bridge)" title="Mike Lawrence (bridge)">Mike Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1986 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Brachman" title="Malcolm Brachman">Malcolm Brachman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Andersen" title="Ron Andersen">Ron Andersen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Passell" title="Mike Passell">Mike Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lair" title="Mark Lair">Mark Lair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Glubok" title="Brian Glubok">Brian Glubok</a>, Billy Cohen, <a href="/wiki/John_Schermer" title="John Schermer">John Schermer</a>, Neil Chambers </td></tr> <tr> <th>1987 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Glubok" title="Brian Glubok">Brian Glubok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Rotman" title="Dan Rotman">Dan Rotman</a>, Harry Stappenbeck, <a href="/wiki/Jaggy_Shivdasani" title="Jaggy Shivdasani">Jaggy Shivdasani</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Mahaffey" title="Tom Mahaffey">Tom Mahaffey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Denny" title="Jack Denny">Jack Denny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russ_Arnold" title="Russ Arnold">Russ Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Chazen" title="Bernie Chazen">Bernie Chazen</a>, Roy Fox, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Seamon" title="Michael Seamon">Michael Seamon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1988 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mahaffey" title="Jim Mahaffey">Jim Mahaffey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Andersen" title="Ron Andersen">Ron Andersen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bart_Bramley" title="Bart Bramley">Bart Bramley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Levin" title="Bobby Levin">Bobby Levin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lou_Bluhm" title="Lou Bluhm">Lou Bluhm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1989 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">Jimmy Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Burger" title="Chuck Burger">Chuck Burger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Passell" title="Mike Passell">Mike Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lair" title="Mark Lair">Mark Lair</a> </td> <td>Jon Wittes, <a href="/wiki/Ross_Grabel" title="Ross Grabel">Ross Grabel</a>, Mark Cohen, Mark Feldman </td></tr> <tr> <th>1990 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">Jimmy Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Burger" title="Chuck Burger">Chuck Burger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mahaffey" title="Jim Mahaffey">Jim Mahaffey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Andersen" title="Ron Andersen">Ron Andersen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1991 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Zia_Mahmood" title="Zia Mahmood">Zia Mahmood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosenberg" title="Michael Rosenberg">Michael Rosenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seymon_Deutsch" title="Seymon Deutsch">Seymon Deutsch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td>Cliff Russell, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Levin" title="Bobby Levin">Bobby Levin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Lev" title="Sam Lev">Sam Lev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Kantar">Eddie Kantar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1992 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mike_Becker" title="Mike Becker">Mike Becker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russ_Ekeblad" title="Russ Ekeblad">Russ Ekeblad</a>, Ron Sukoneck, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Levin" title="Bobby Levin">Bobby Levin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_Robinson_(bridge)" title="Steve Robinson (bridge)">Steve Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Boyd" title="Peter Boyd">Peter Boyd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kit_Woolsey" title="Kit Woolsey">Kit Woolsey</a>, Neil Silverman, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1993 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zia_Mahmood" title="Zia Mahmood">Zia Mahmood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosenberg" title="Michael Rosenberg">Michael Rosenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seymon_Deutsch" title="Seymon Deutsch">Seymon Deutsch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemant_Lall" title="Hemant Lall">Hemant Lall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1994 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">Jimmy Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Burger" title="Chuck Burger">Chuck Burger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lair" title="Mark Lair">Mark Lair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Passell" title="Mike Passell">Mike Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1995 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zia_Mahmood" title="Zia Mahmood">Zia Mahmood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosenberg" title="Michael Rosenberg">Michael Rosenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1996 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wolff" title="Bobby Wolff">Bobby Wolff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td>Richard Schwartz, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Goldman" title="Bobby Goldman">Bobby Goldman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Robinson_(bridge)" title="Steve Robinson (bridge)">Steve Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, Ron Smith </td></tr> <tr> <th>1997 </th> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Grant_Baze" title="Grant Baze">Grant Baze</a>, Tipton Golias, Marek Szymanowski, Marcin Leśniewski, <a href="/wiki/Cezary_Balicki" title="Cezary Balicki">Cezary Balicki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_%C5%BBmudzi%C5%84ski" title="Adam Żmudziński">Adam Żmudziński</a>   </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">Jimmy Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Burger" title="Chuck Burger">Chuck Burger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Passell" title="Mike Passell">Mike Passell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Seamon" title="Michael Seamon">Michael Seamon</a>, Mark Feldman, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1998 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td>  <a href="/wiki/Grant_Baze" title="Grant Baze">Grant Baze</a>, Michael Whitman, Marek Szymanowski, Marcin Leśniewski, <a href="/wiki/Cezary_Balicki" title="Cezary Balicki">Cezary Balicki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_%C5%BBmudzi%C5%84ski" title="Adam Żmudziński">Adam Żmudziński</a>   </td></tr> <tr> <th>1999 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Onstott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Onstott (page does not exist)">John Onstott</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Beatty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Beatty (page does not exist)">Steve Beatty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Eisenberg" title="Billy Eisenberg">Billy Eisenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garey_Hayden" title="Garey Hayden">Garey Hayden</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2000 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Rose_Meltzer" title="Rose Meltzer">Rose Meltzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Larsen" title="Kyle Larsen">Kyle Larsen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roy_Welland" title="Roy Welland">Roy Welland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brad_Moss" title="Brad Moss">Brad Moss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Jacobus" title="Marc Jacobus">Marc Jacobus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Gitelman" title="Fred Gitelman">Fred Gitelman</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnus_Lindkvist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnus Lindkvist (page does not exist)">Magnus Lindkvist</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Fredin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Fredin (page does not exist)">Peter Fredin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2001 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Jacobs_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jacobs (bridge)">George Jacobs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Katz" title="Ralph Katz">Ralph Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norberto_Bocchi" title="Norberto Bocchi">Norberto Bocchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Duboin" title="Giorgio Duboin">Giorgio Duboin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Lauria" title="Lorenzo Lauria">Lorenzo Lauria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Versace" title="Alfredo Versace">Alfredo Versace</a> </td> <td>Mike Moss, Fred Chang, Kerry Smith, Jeff Schuett </td></tr> <tr> <th>2002 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Jacobs_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jacobs (bridge)">George Jacobs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Katz" title="Ralph Katz">Ralph Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norberto_Bocchi" title="Norberto Bocchi">Norberto Bocchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Duboin" title="Giorgio Duboin">Giorgio Duboin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Lauria" title="Lorenzo Lauria">Lorenzo Lauria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Versace" title="Alfredo Versace">Alfredo Versace</a> </td> <td>Mike Moss, Martin Schifko, Allan Graves, Bryan Maksymetz </td></tr> <tr> <th>2003 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Roy_Welland" title="Roy Welland">Roy Welland</a>, Björn Fallenius, <a href="/wiki/Zia_Mahmood" title="Zia Mahmood">Zia Mahmood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosenberg" title="Michael Rosenberg">Michael Rosenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cezary_Balicki" title="Cezary Balicki">Cezary Balicki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_%C5%BBmudzi%C5%84ski" title="Adam Żmudziński">Adam Żmudziński</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rose_Meltzer" title="Rose Meltzer">Rose Meltzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weichsel" title="Peter Weichsel">Peter Weichsel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Larsen" title="Kyle Larsen">Kyle Larsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lew_Stansby" title="Lew Stansby">Lew Stansby</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2004 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td>Mark Feldman, Billy Cohen, Ron Smith, <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Wolpert" title="Gavin Wolpert">Gavin Wolpert</a>, Warren Spector, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vincent_Demuy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vincent Demuy (page does not exist)">Vincent Demuy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2005 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Russ_Ekeblad" title="Russ Ekeblad">Russ Ekeblad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Greco" title="Eric Greco">Eric Greco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Hampson" title="Geoff Hampson">Geoff Hampson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Gitelman" title="Fred Gitelman">Fred Gitelman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brad_Moss" title="Brad Moss">Brad Moss</a> </td> <td>Tom Carmichael, Michael White, <a href="/wiki/Joel_Wooldridge" title="Joel Wooldridge">Joel Wooldridge</a>, John Hurd, Bryan Maksymetz, Dan Gerstman </td></tr> <tr> <th>2006 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Freeman_(bridge)" title="Richard Freeman (bridge)">Richard Freeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">James Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Seamon" title="Michael Seamon">Michael Seamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Lauria" title="Lorenzo Lauria">Lorenzo Lauria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Versace" title="Alfredo Versace">Alfredo Versace</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2007 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemant_Lall" title="Hemant Lall">Hemant Lall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Soloway" title="Paul Soloway">Paul Soloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td> <td>Alexander Dubinin, Andrei Gromov, <a href="/wiki/Cezary_Balicki" title="Cezary Balicki">Cezary Balicki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_%C5%BBmudzi%C5%84ski" title="Adam Żmudziński">Adam Żmudziński</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2008 </th> <td>Alexander Dubinin, Andrei Gromov, <a href="/wiki/Cezary_Balicki" title="Cezary Balicki">Cezary Balicki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_%C5%BBmudzi%C5%84ski" title="Adam Żmudziński">Adam Żmudziński</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roy_Welland" title="Roy Welland">Roy Welland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Glubok" title="Brian Glubok">Brian Glubok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Garner" title="Steve Garner">Steve Garner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Weinstein" title="Howard Weinstein">Howard Weinstein</a>, Billy Cohen, Ron Smith </td></tr> <tr> <th>2009 </th> <td>Jan Jansma, Louk Verhees, Ricco Van Prooijen, Russell Ekeblad, <a href="/wiki/Matt_Granovetter" title="Matt Granovetter">Matt Granovetter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Rubin_(bridge)" title="Ron Rubin (bridge)">Ron Rubin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rose_Meltzer" title="Rose Meltzer">Rose Meltzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Larsen" title="Kyle Larsen">Kyle Larsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Berkowitz_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Berkowitz (bridge)">David Berkowitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Cohen_(bridge)" title="Larry Cohen (bridge)">Larry N. Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2010 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Greco" title="Eric Greco">Eric Greco</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Diamond_(bridge)" title="John Diamond (bridge)">John Diamond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Hampson" title="Geoff Hampson">Geoff Hampson</a>, Brian Platnick, <a href="/wiki/Brad_Moss" title="Brad Moss">Brad Moss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Gitelman" title="Fred Gitelman">Fred Gitelman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rose_Meltzer" title="Rose Meltzer">Rose Meltzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Larsen" title="Kyle Larsen">Kyle Larsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Sontag" title="Alan Sontag">Alan Sontag</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Berkowitz_(bridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Berkowitz (bridge)">David Berkowitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2011 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Katz" title="Ralph Katz">Ralph Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hamman" title="Bob Hamman">Bob Hamman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zia_Mahmood" title="Zia Mahmood">Zia Mahmood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2012 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nickell" title="Nick Nickell">Nick Nickell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Katz" title="Ralph Katz">Ralph Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Meckstroth" title="Jeff Meckstroth">Jeff Meckstroth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rodwell" title="Eric Rodwell">Eric Rodwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Levin" title="Bobby Levin">Bobby Levin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Weinstein" title="Steve Weinstein">Steve Weinstein</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2013 </th> <td>Wojciech Gawel, Rafal Jagniewski, <a href="/wiki/Jacek_Kalita" title="Jacek Kalita">Jacek Kalita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michal_Nowosadzki" title="Michal Nowosadzki">Michal Nowosadzki</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Amoils" title="Leslie Amoils">Leslie Amoils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bertheau" title="Peter Bertheau">Peter Bertheau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bessis" title="Thomas Bessis">Thomas Bessis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Grue" title="Joe Grue">Joe Grue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Morgan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Morgan">Jacob Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brad_Moss" title="Brad Moss">Brad Moss</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014 </th> <td>Richard Schwartz, Allan Graves, <a href="/wiki/Lotan_Fisher" title="Lotan Fisher">Lotan Fisher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Schwartz" title="Ron Schwartz">Ron Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boye_Brogeland" title="Boye Brogeland">Boye Brogeland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Espen_Lindqvist" title="Espen Lindqvist">Espen Lindqvist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2015 </th> <td>Vacated.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original winners were <a href="/wiki/James_Cayne" title="James Cayne">James Cayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Seamon" title="Michael Seamon">Michael Seamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lotan_Fisher" title="Lotan Fisher">Lotan Fisher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_Schwartz" title="Ron Schwartz">Ron Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Lauria" title="Lorenzo Lauria">Lorenzo Lauria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Versace" title="Alfredo Versace">Alfredo Versace</a>. The title was forfeited. </td> <td>Vacated.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original second place team was <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fulvio_Fantoni" title="Fulvio Fantoni">Fulvio Fantoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Nunes" title="Claudio Nunes">Claudio Nunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a>. The place was forfeited. </td></tr> <tr> <th>2016 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Fleisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Fleisher">Martin Fleisher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chip_Martel" title="Chip Martel">Chip Martel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sabine_Auken" title="Sabine Auken">Sabine Auken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Welland" title="Roy Welland">Roy Welland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brad_Moss" title="Brad Moss">Brad Moss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Grue" title="Joe Grue">Joe Grue</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a>, Krzysztof Martens </td></tr> <tr> <th>2017 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Diamond_(bridge)" title="John Diamond (bridge)">John Diamond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boye_Brogeland" title="Boye Brogeland">Boye Brogeland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Espen_Lindqvist" title="Espen Lindqvist">Espen Lindqvist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Platnick" title="Brian Platnick">Brian Platnick</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Bilde" title="Dennis Bilde">Dennis Bilde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norberto_Bocchi" title="Norberto Bocchi">Norberto Bocchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Duboin" title="Giorgio Duboin">Giorgio Duboin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Sementa" title="Antonio Sementa">Antonio Sementa</a>, Agustin Madala, Alejandro Bianchedi </td></tr> <tr> <th>2018 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piotr_Gawrys" class="mw-redirect" title="Piotr Gawrys">Piotr Gawrys</a>, Michal Klukowski, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geir_Helgemo" title="Geir Helgemo">Geir Helgemo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Rosenthal" title="Andrew Rosenthal">Andrew Rosenthal</a>, Aaron Silverstein, <a href="/wiki/David_Berkowitz" title="David Berkowitz">David Berkowitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Migry_Zur_Campanile" title="Migry Zur Campanile">Migry Zur Campanile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eldad_Ginossar" title="Eldad Ginossar">Eldad Ginossar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Willenken" title="Chris Willenken">Chris Willenken</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2019 </th> <td>Josef Blass (npc), <a href="/wiki/Sjoert_Brink" title="Sjoert Brink">Sjoert Brink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bas_Drijver" title="Bas Drijver">Bas Drijver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacek_Kalita" title="Jacek Kalita">Jacek Kalita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michal_Nowosadzki" title="Michal Nowosadzki">Michal Nowosadzki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacek_Pszczo%C5%82a" title="Jacek Pszczoła">Jacek Pszczoła</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Zimmermann_(bridge)" title="Pierre Zimmermann (bridge)">Pierre Zimmermann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piotr_Gawrys" class="mw-redirect" title="Piotr Gawrys">Piotr Gawrys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tor_Helness" title="Tor Helness">Tor Helness</a>, Michal Klukowski, <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Martens" title="Krzysztof Martens">Krzysztof Martens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franck_Multon" title="Franck Multon">Franck Multon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2020 </th> <td>Cancelled due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2021 </th> <td>Cancelled due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2022 </th> <td>Pierre Zimmerman, Michal Klukowski, Piotr Gawrys, Sebastiaan Drijver, Sjoert Brink, Fernando Piedra<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Paul Street, Nicolas L'Ecuyer, Ron Pachtmann, Piotr Pawel Zatorski, Andrea Manno, Massimiliano Di Franco </td></tr> <tr> <th>2023 </th> <td>Marty Fleisher, Chip Martel, Cedric Lorenzini, Antonio Sementa, Alfredo Versace, Thomas Bessis </td> <td>Leif Bremark, Johan Upmark, Simon Hult, Antonio Palma, Fredrik Nystrom, Frederic Wrang </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reisinger" title="Reisinger">Reisinger</a> Board-a-Match Teams</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Trophy" title="Vanderbilt Trophy">Vanderbilt Knockout Teams</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spingold&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web3.acbl.org/nabcwinners?event=SPIN&year=2015">Spingold 2015 titles vacated</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web3.acbl.org/nabcwinners?event=SPIN&year=2015">Spingold 2015 titles vacated</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/American_Contract_Bridge_League" title="American Contract Bridge League">ACBL</a> Bridge Bulletin, April 2021, page 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://live.acbl.org/event/NABC222/SPIN/2/results">"ACBL Live"</a>. <i>live.acbl.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=live.acbl.org&rft.atitle=ACBL+Live&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flive.acbl.org%2Fevent%2FNABC222%2FSPIN%2F2%2Fresults&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpingold" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Other sources</dt></dl> <ul><li>List of previous winners, Pages 10, 11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402180458/http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2008/02/bulletins/db4.pdf"><i>Daily Bulletin</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, vol. 80–4, July 21, 2008, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2008/02/bulletins/db4.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 2, 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Daily+Bulletin&rft.date=2008-07-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acbl.org%2Fnabc%2F2008%2F02%2Fbulletins%2Fdb4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpingold" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web3.acbl.org/nabcwinners?event=Spingold+Master+Knockout+Teams"><i>Search Results: Spingold Master KnockOut Teams</i></a>, ACBL<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Search+Results%3A+Spingold+Master+KnockOut+Teams&rft.pub=ACBL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb3.acbl.org%2Fnabcwinners%3Fevent%3DSpingold%2BMaster%2BKnockout%2BTeams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpingold" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Contract_bridge" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Index_of_contract_bridge_articles" title="Template:Index of contract bridge articles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Index_of_contract_bridge_articles" title="Template talk:Index of contract bridge articles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Index_of_contract_bridge_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Index of contract bridge articles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Contract_bridge" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge" title="Contract bridge">Contract bridge</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Overview" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overview</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="General" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auction_bridge" title="Auction bridge">Auction bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_ethics" title="Bridge ethics">Bridge ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge-O-Rama" title="Bridge-O-Rama">Bridge-O-Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_maxims" title="Bridge maxims">Bridge maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Murder_case" title="Bridge Murder case">Bridge Murder case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_scoring" title="Bridge scoring">Bridge scoring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_whist" title="Bridge whist">Bridge whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgette_(game)" title="Bridgette (game)">Bridgette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_bridge" title="Cheating in bridge">Cheating in bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_(bridge_card_game)" title="Chicago (bridge card game)">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_bridge" title="Computer bridge">Computer bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge" title="Contract bridge">Contract bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge_diagram" title="Contract bridge diagram">Contract bridge diagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duplicate_bridge" title="Duplicate bridge">Duplicate bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duplicate_bridge_movements" title="Duplicate bridge movements">Duplicate bridge movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-suit_bridge" title="Five-suit bridge">Five-suit bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_(bridge)" title="Goulash (bridge)">Goulash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_contract_bridge_terms" title="Glossary of contract bridge terms">Glossary of contract bridge terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_card_by_suit" title="High card by suit">High card by suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_contract_bridge" title="History of contract bridge">History of contract bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_of_Duplicate_Bridge" title="Laws of Duplicate Bridge">Laws of Duplicate Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masterpoints" title="Masterpoints">Masterpoints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibridge" title="Minibridge">Minibridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuberg_formula" title="Neuberg formula">Neuberg formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_bridge" title="Rubber bridge">Rubber bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screen_(bridge)" title="Screen (bridge)">Screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_bridge" title="Singaporean bridge">Singaporean bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suit_(cards)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suit (cards)">Suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveling_scoreslip" title="Traveling scoreslip">Traveling scoreslip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_(card_games)" title="Trump (card games)">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vugraph" title="Vugraph">Vugraph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bidding" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Bidding</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balanced_hand" title="Balanced hand">Balanced hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balancing_(bridge)" title="Balancing (bridge)">Balancing (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidding_box" title="Bidding box">Bidding box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidding_system" title="Bidding system">Bidding system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Board_(bridge)" title="Board (bridge)">Board (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_convention" title="Bridge convention">Bridge convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_sticker" title="Brown sticker">Brown sticker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_card" title="Convention card">Convention card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cue_bid" title="Cue bid">Cue bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-card_majors" title="Five-card majors">Five-card majors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forcing_bid" title="Forcing bid">Forcing bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forcing_pass" title="Forcing pass">Forcing pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_try" title="Game try">Game try</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_evaluation" title="Hand evaluation">Hand evaluation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor_point_count" title="Honor point count">Honor point count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverted_minors" title="Inverted minors">Inverted minors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_total_tricks" title="Law of total tricks">Law of total tricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losing-Trick_Count" title="Losing-Trick Count">Losing-Trick Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_suit" title="Major suit">Major suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_suit" title="Minor suit">Minor suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optimum_contract_and_par_contract" title="Optimum contract and par contract">Optimum contract and par contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overcall" title="Overcall">Overcall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preempt" title="Preempt">Preempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepared_opening_bid" title="Prepared opening bid">Prepared opening bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_fast_arrival" title="Principle of fast arrival">Principle of fast arrival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic_bid" title="Psychic bid">Psychic bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantitative_notrump_bids" title="Quantitative notrump bids">Quantitative notrump bids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_(bridge)" title="Reverse (bridge)">Reverse (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_(bridge)" title="Sacrifice (bridge)">Sacrifice (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_(bridge)" title="Shooting (bridge)">Shooting (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_suiter" title="Single suiter">Single suiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_bid" title="Stolen bid">Stolen bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strong_pass" title="Strong pass">Strong pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeout_double" title="Takeout double">Takeout double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_suiter" title="Three suiter">Three suiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_suiter" title="Two suiter">Two suiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Useful_space_principle" title="Useful space principle">Useful space principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Void_(cards)" title="Void (cards)">Void (cards)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weak_two_bid" title="Weak two bid">Weak two bid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zar_Points" title="Zar Points">Zar Points</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bidding_systems" title="List of bidding systems">List of bidding systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2/1_game_forcing" title="2/1 game forcing">2/1 game forcing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acol" title="Acol">Acol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidding_system" title="Bidding system">Bidding system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Club" title="Blue Club">Blue Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boring_Club" title="Boring Club">Boring Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Base_Basic" title="Bridge Base Basic">Bridge Base Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_World_Standard" title="Bridge World Standard">Bridge World Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canap%C3%A9_(bridge)" title="Canapé (bridge)">Canapé (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot_Club" title="Carrot Club">Carrot Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EHAA" title="EHAA">EHAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantunes" title="Fantunes">Fantunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highly_unusual_method" title="Highly unusual method">Highly unusual method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaplan%E2%80%93Sheinwold" title="Kaplan–Sheinwold">Kaplan–Sheinwold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Major" title="Little Major">Little Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscito" title="Moscito">Moscito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Club" title="Polish Club">Polish Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision_Club" title="Precision Club">Precision Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Club" title="Roman Club">Roman Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romex_system" title="Romex system">Romex system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4ffle_Spade" title="Säffle Spade">Säffle Spade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_American" title="Standard American">Standard American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strong_club_system" title="Strong club system">Strong club system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conventions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bridge_conventions" title="Category:Bridge conventions">List of bidding conventions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Card_play" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Card play</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_play_techniques_(bridge)" title="List of play techniques (bridge)">List of play techniques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avoidance_play" title="Avoidance play">Avoidance play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_card" title="Beer card">Beer card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddy_(bridge)" title="Caddy (bridge)">Caddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Card_reading_(bridge)" title="Card reading (bridge)">Card reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duck_(bridge)" title="Duck (bridge)">Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endplay" title="Endplay">Endplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entry_(cards)" title="Entry (cards)">Entry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_gambit" title="Grosvenor gambit">Grosvenor gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold_up_(bridge)" title="Hold up (bridge)">Hold up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percentage_play" title="Percentage play">Percentage play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin_(bridge)" title="Pin (bridge)">Pin (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_restricted_choice" title="Principle of restricted choice">Principle of restricted choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge_probabilities" title="Contract bridge probabilities">Probabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revoke" title="Revoke">Revoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruff_(cards)" title="Ruff (cards)">Ruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_(bridge)" title="Shooting (bridge)">Shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smother_play" title="Smother play">Smother play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempo_(bridge)" title="Tempo (bridge)">Tempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_promotion" title="Trump promotion">Trump promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppercut_(bridge)" title="Uppercut (bridge)">Uppercut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacant_Places" title="Vacant Places">Vacant Places</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Declarer play</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Basic:</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finesse" title="Finesse">Finesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_play" title="Safety play">Safety play</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Coups:</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_coup" title="Alcatraz coup">Alcatraz coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_coup" title="Bath coup">Bath coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belladonna_coup" title="Belladonna coup">Belladonna coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_(bridge)" title="Coup (bridge)">Coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_en_passant" title="Coup en passant">Coup en passant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_coup" title="Crocodile coup">Crocodile coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deschapelles_coup" title="Deschapelles coup">Deschapelles coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_coup" title="Devil's coup">Devil's coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loser_on_loser" title="Loser on loser">Loser on loser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimac_coup" title="Merrimac coup">Merrimac coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton%27s_fork_coup" title="Morton's fork coup">Morton's fork coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissors_coup" title="Scissors coup">Scissors coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_coup" title="Trump coup">Trump coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_coup" title="Vienna coup">Vienna coup</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Squeezes:</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backwash_squeeze" title="Backwash squeeze">Backwash squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_squeeze" title="Cannibal squeeze">Cannibal squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clash_squeeze" title="Clash squeeze">Clash squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compound_squeeze" title="Compound squeeze">Compound squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criss-cross_squeeze" title="Criss-cross squeeze">Criss-cross squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_squeeze" title="Double squeeze">Double squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entry_squeeze" title="Entry squeeze">Entry squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entry-shifting_squeeze" title="Entry-shifting squeeze">Entry-shifting squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_squeeze" title="Guard squeeze">Guard squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knockout_squeeze" title="Knockout squeeze">Knockout squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-simultaneous_double_squeeze" title="Non-simultaneous double squeeze">Non-simultaneous double squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_squeeze" title="Progressive squeeze">Progressive squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-squeeze" title="Pseudo-squeeze">Pseudo-squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturated_squeeze" title="Saturated squeeze">Saturated squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_squeeze" title="Simple squeeze">Simple squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_double_squeeze" title="Simultaneous double squeeze">Simultaneous double squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-suit_squeeze" title="Single-suit squeeze">Single-suit squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_play_(bridge)" title="Squeeze play (bridge)">Squeeze play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepping-stone_squeeze" title="Stepping-stone squeeze">Stepping-stone squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_squeeze" title="Strip squeeze">Strip squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_squeeze" title="Triple squeeze">Triple squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_squeeze" title="Trump squeeze">Trump squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_squeeze" title="Vice squeeze">Vice squeeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winkle_squeeze" title="Winkle squeeze">Winkle squeeze</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Suit combinations:</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suit_combination" title="Suit combination">Suit combination</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defender play</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forcing_defense" title="Forcing defense">Forcing defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalist_leads" title="Journalist leads">Journalist leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opening_lead" title="Opening lead">Opening lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_10-12" title="Rule of 10-12">Rule of 10-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_11" title="Rule of 11">Rule of 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusinow_leads" title="Rusinow leads">Rusinow leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_(bridge)" title="Signal (bridge)">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_signal" title="Smith signal">Smith signal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People_and_organizations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People and organizations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACBL_Youngest_Life_Master" title="ACBL Youngest Life Master">ACBL Youngest Life Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contract_bridge_people" title="List of contract bridge people">List of contract bridge people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sportspeople_who_competed_for_more_than_one_country#Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sportspeople who competed for more than one country">List of nationality transfers in sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Headquarters" title="Bridge Headquarters">Bridge Headquarters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Players by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Australian contract bridge players">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Austrian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Austrian contract bridge players">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brazilian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Brazilian contract bridge players">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:British contract bridge players">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Bulgarian contract bridge players">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Canadian contract bridge players">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Chinese contract bridge players">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Danish_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Danish contract bridge players">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Dutch contract bridge players">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Egyptian contract bridge players">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:English contract bridge players">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fictional_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Fictional contract bridge players">Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:French contract bridge players">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:German contract bridge players">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Hungarian contract bridge players">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Indian contract bridge players">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Irish contract bridge players">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Israeli_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Israeli contract bridge players">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Italian contract bridge players">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mexican_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Mexican contract bridge players">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monegasque_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Monegasque contract bridge players">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:New Zealand contract bridge players">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Norwegian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Norwegian contract bridge players">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistani_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Pakistani contract bridge players">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Polish_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Polish contract bridge players">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russian_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Russian contract bridge players">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swedish_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Swedish contract bridge players">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swiss_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Swiss contract bridge players">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taiwanese_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:Taiwanese contract bridge players">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_contract_bridge_players" title="Category:American contract bridge players">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contract_bridge_people#People_with_Wikipedia_articles" title="List of contract bridge people">List of bridge people with Wikipedia (English) articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Contract_bridge_administrators" title="Category:Contract bridge administrators">List of bridge administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Contract_bridge_writers" title="Category:Contract bridge writers">List of bridge writers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Team_(bridge)" title="Blue Team (bridge)">Blue Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Aces" title="Dallas Aces">Dallas Aces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Aces_(bridge)" title="Four Aces (bridge)">Four Aces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clubs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Base_Online" title="Bridge Base Online">Bridge Base Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavendish_Club" title="Cavendish Club">Cavendish Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockford%27s_(club)" title="Crockford's (club)">Crockford's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatasaray_Bridge_Team" title="Galatasaray Bridge Team">Galatasaray Bridge Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Bridge_Club" title="Melville Bridge Club">Melville Bridge Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_Club_(London)" title="Portland Club (London)">Portland Club (London)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy_Club" title="Savoy Club">Savoy Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governing bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Bridge_Association" title="American Bridge Association">American Bridge Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Contract_Bridge_League" title="American Contract Bridge League">American Contract Bridge League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Bridge_Federation" title="Austrian Bridge Federation">Austrian Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Bridge_Federation" title="Brazilian Bridge Federation">Brazilian Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Federation_of_India" title="Bridge Federation of India">Bridge Federation of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Bridge_League" title="British Bridge League">British Bridge League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Bridge_Federation" title="Canadian Bridge Federation">Canadian Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Bridge_Federation" title="Dutch Bridge Federation">Dutch Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Bridge_Union" title="English Bridge Union">English Bridge Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bridge_League" title="European Bridge League">European Bridge League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Bridge_Federation" title="Hungarian Bridge Federation">Hungarian Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Mind_Sports_Association" title="International Mind Sports Association">International Mind Sports Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contract_bridge_governing_bodies" title="List of contract bridge governing bodies">List of contract bridge governing bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Bridge_Federation" title="Norwegian Bridge Federation">Norwegian Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Bridge_Federation" title="South African Bridge Federation">South African Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bridge_Federation" title="United States Bridge Federation">United States Bridge Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bridge_Federation" title="World Bridge Federation">World Bridge Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Championships" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Championships</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridge_competitions_and_awards" title="List of bridge competitions and awards">List of bridge competitions and awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Bowl" title="Bermuda Bowl">Bermuda Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_at_the_2008_World_Mind_Sports_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge at the 2008 World Mind Sports Games">Bridge at the 2008 World Mind Sports Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_at_the_2012_World_Mind_Sports_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge at the 2012 World Mind Sports Games">Bridge at the 2012 World Mind Sports Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavendish_Invitational" title="Cavendish Invitational">Cavendish Invitational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Olympiad#Bridge" title="Computer Olympiad">Computer Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McConnell_Cup" title="McConnell Cup">McConnell Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenblum_Cup" title="Rosenblum Cup">Rosenblum Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Bowl_(bridge)" title="Senior Bowl (bridge)">Senior Bowl (bridge)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_crown_of_bridge" title="Triple crown of bridge">Triple crown of bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venice_Cup" title="Venice Cup">Venice Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBF_Youth_Award" title="WBF Youth Award">WBF Youth Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bridge_Championships" title="World Bridge Championships">World Bridge Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_IMP_Pairs_Championship" title="World IMP Pairs Championship">World IMP Pairs Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Pairs_Championship" title="World Junior Pairs Championship">World Junior Pairs Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Teams_Championship" title="World Junior Teams Championship">World Junior Teams Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Mind_Sports_Games" title="World Mind Sports Games">World Mind Sports Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Mixed_Pairs_Championship" title="World Mixed Pairs Championship">World Mixed Pairs Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Mixed_Teams_Championship" title="World Mixed Teams Championship">World Mixed Teams Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Open_Pairs_Championship" title="World Open Pairs Championship">World Open Pairs Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Senior_Pairs_Championship" title="World Senior Pairs Championship">World Senior Pairs Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Senior_Teams_Championship" title="World Senior Teams Championship">World Senior Teams Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Team_Olympiad" title="World Team Olympiad">World Team Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Transnational_Open_Teams_Championship" title="World Transnational Open Teams Championship">World Transnational Open Teams Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Women_Pairs_Championship" title="World Women Pairs Championship">World Women Pairs Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National and Zonal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffett_Cup" title="Buffett Cup">Buffett Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camrose_Trophy" title="Camrose Trophy">Camrose Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Nations_Bridge_Championships" title="Commonwealth Nations Bridge Championships">Commonwealth Nations Bridge Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Universities_Bridge_Championships" title="European Universities Bridge Championships">European Universities Bridge Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Cup_(bridge)" title="Gold Cup (bridge)">Gold Cup (bridge)</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">North American bridge Championships:</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACBL_King_or_Queen_of_Bridge" title="ACBL King or Queen of Bridge">ACBL King or Queen of Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kaplan_Blue_Ribbon_Pairs" title="Edgar Kaplan Blue Ribbon Pairs">Edgar Kaplan Blue Ribbon Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_LM%E2%80%935000_Pairs" title="Bruce LM–5000 Pairs">Bruce LM–5000 Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Mixed_Board-a-Match" title="Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match">Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_National_Open_Pairs" title="Fall National Open Pairs">Fall National Open Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Open_Pairs" title="Fast Open Pairs">Fast Open Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishbein_Trophy" title="Fishbein Trophy">Fishbein Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goren_Trophy" title="Goren Trophy">Goren Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Teams" title="Grand National Teams">Grand National Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilliard_Mixed_Pairs" title="Hilliard Mixed Pairs">Hilliard Mixed Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacoby_Open_Swiss_Teams" title="Jacoby Open Swiss Teams">Jacoby Open Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keohane_North_American_Swiss_Teams" title="Keohane North American Swiss Teams">Keohane North American Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebhar_IMP_Pairs" title="Lebhar IMP Pairs">Lebhar IMP Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leventritt_Silver_Ribbon_Pairs" title="Leventritt Silver Ribbon Pairs">Leventritt Silver Ribbon Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machlin_Women%27s_Swiss_Teams" title="Machlin Women's Swiss Teams">Machlin Women's Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfield_Non-Life_Master_Pairs" title="Manfield Non-Life Master Pairs">Manfield Non-Life Master Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Cup" title="Marcus Cup">Marcus Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Individual" title="Master Individual">Master Individual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini-Blue_Ribbon_Pairs" title="Mini-Blue Ribbon Pairs">Mini-Blue Ribbon Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini-Spingold" title="Mini-Spingold">Mini-Spingold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Board-a-Match_Teams" title="Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams">Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mott-Smith_Trophy" title="Mott-Smith Trophy">Mott-Smith Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_Life_Master_Open_Pairs" title="Nail Life Master Open Pairs">Nail Life Master Open Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_199er_Pairs" title="National 199er Pairs">National 199er Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_49er_Pairs" title="National 49er Pairs">National 49er Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_99er_Pairs" title="National 99er Pairs">National 99er Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Life_Master_Swiss_Teams" title="Non-Life Master Swiss Teams">Non-Life Master Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kay_Platinum_Pairs" title="Norman Kay Platinum Pairs">Norman Kay Platinum Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Bridge_Championships" title="North American Bridge Championships">North American Bridge Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Pairs" title="North American Pairs">North American Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ribbon_Pairs" title="Red Ribbon Pairs">Red Ribbon Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reisinger" title="Reisinger">Reisinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_Mixed_Pairs" title="Rockwell Mixed Pairs">Rockwell Mixed Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roth_Open_Swiss_Teams" title="Roth Open Swiss Teams">Roth Open Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Knockout_Teams" title="Senior Knockout Teams">Senior Knockout Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silodor_Open_Pairs" title="Silodor Open Pairs">Silodor Open Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Life_Master_Women%27s_Pairs" title="Smith Life Master Women's Pairs">Smith Life Master Women's Pairs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Spingold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sternberg_Women%27s_Board-a-Match_Teams" title="Sternberg Women's Board-a-Match Teams">Sternberg Women's Board-a-Match Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truscott_Senior_Swiss_Teams" title="Truscott Senior Swiss Teams">Truscott Senior Swiss Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bridge_Championships_-_Open" title="United States Bridge Championships - Open">United States Bridge Championships - Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Trophy" title="Vanderbilt Trophy">Vanderbilt Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Zedtwitz_Life_Master_Pairs" title="Von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs">Von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagar_Women%27s_Knockout_Teams" title="Wagar Women's Knockout Teams">Wagar Women's Knockout Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wernher_Open_Pairs" title="Wernher Open Pairs">Wernher Open Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehead_Women%27s_Pairs" title="Whitehead Women's Pairs">Whitehead Women's Pairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_LM%E2%80%931500_Pairs" title="Young LM–1500 Pairs">Young LM–1500 Pairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Publications_and_resources" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Publications and resources</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contract_bridge_books" title="List of contract bridge books">List of contract bridge books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Point_Press" title="Master Point Press">Master Point Press</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Bibliographies:</span></span></b> <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Kantar_bibliography" title="Edwin Kantar bibliography">Edwin Kantar bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Kelsey#Publications" title="Hugh Kelsey">Hugh Kelsey bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Reese_bibliography" title="Terence Reese bibliography">Terence Reese bibliography</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Books:</span></span></b> <i><a href="/wiki/25_Bridge_Conventions_You_Should_Know" title="25 Bridge Conventions You Should Know">25 Bridge Conventions You Should Know</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Squeezes_Complete" title="Bridge Squeezes Complete">Bridge Squeezes Complete</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cardturner" title="The Cardturner">The Cardturner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Contract_Bridge_for_Beginners" title="Contract Bridge for Beginners">Contract Bridge for Beginners</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Design_for_Bidding" title="Design for Bidding">Design for Bidding</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Official_Encyclopedia_of_Bridge" title="The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge">The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planning_the_Play_of_a_Bridge_Hand" title="Planning the Play of a Bridge Hand">Planning the Play of a Bridge Hand</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Right_Through_the_Pack" title="Right Through the Pack">Right Through the Pack</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tickets_to_the_Devil" title="Tickets to the Devil">Tickets to the Devil</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contract_bridge_magazines" title="List of contract bridge magazines">List of contract bridge magazines</a></li> <li><b><span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue"><span class="smallcaps">Magazines:</span></span></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Bridge_d%27Italia" title="Bridge d'Italia">Bridge d'Italia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Magazine" title="Bridge Magazine">Bridge Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_World" title="The Bridge World">The Bridge World</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV and Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Slam_(BBC_TV)" title="Grand Slam (BBC TV)">Grand Slam (BBC TV)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External links</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Base_Basic" title="Bridge Base Basic">Bridge Base Basic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spingold&oldid=1190944181">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spingold&oldid=1190944181</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:North_American_Bridge_Championships" title="Category:North American Bridge Championships">North American Bridge Championships</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 December 2023, at 19:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spingold&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-vv5cf","wgBackendResponseTime":144,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.348","walltime":"0.458","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1790,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":102234,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2522,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":18503,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 286.375 1 -total"," 43.55% 124.704 1 Template:WPCBIndex"," 40.81% 116.859 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 29.87% 85.540 1 Template:Reflist"," 25.55% 73.168 1 Template:Cite_web"," 20.23% 57.943 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.30% 32.350 2 Template:Pagetype"," 10.34% 29.617 6 Template:Navbox"," 6.29% 18.019 8 Template:Color"," 5.75% 16.479 3 Template:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.163","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3922789,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-78f4c97c5d-kqlp8","timestamp":"20241128223836","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Spingold","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spingold","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7577546","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7577546","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-08-31T09:03:50Z","dateModified":"2023-12-20T19:30:11Z","headline":"national bridge championship"}</script> </body> </html>