CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "bioguide.congress.gov",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9190065bcb8940d3',cH: 'C7dV.yL0YeWU7d9MpQoGkcj6FYwQQrrAry11VS4MMpw-1740741621-1.2.1.1-H6Q6eKr914AtiTtkvIs44wp4q3pW.dxPxKmnXnYkyalwaYKv4C5z.2Af27nXVcIx',cUPMDTk: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=C001026&__cf_chl_tk=FCng8V1.Q29gKUJ2E_MSi9TN.LzvEkDz6TQ5YaA92YY-1740741621-1.0.1.1-y9x.RDKzAZ7aTDGqOKoE56ZwouZg.K2ThRa0qSdn8rA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740741621',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=C001026&__cf_chl_f_tk=FCng8V1.Q29gKUJ2E_MSi9TN.LzvEkDz6TQ5YaA92YY-1740741621-1.0.1.1-y9x.RDKzAZ7aTDGqOKoE56ZwouZg.K2ThRa0qSdn8rA",md: "bjaSamJDYGotxNvrnRGP31Zy_N0gDavn7uQGKEwqj60-1740741621-1.2.1.1-V7S8q3NqqZHhtpkT9HzZLng.bW9r0tCK6itg2HOtsaPOpACZWP5YJC6yEqDLwkeojI8OYDBoOFI4K4yyvD6jmgvopBJkpmaXhirHnwb7CFpT2j.5d3SQgXeWk54DJUjwdLcdnVT.BZFzS3Miv9CwEUG0qGHotj0gGf2RwgACb0x9R4zw11_DZbiHpREAVDZe9OIeOqOzm4GPsxgm8iDT.QMxH35vKXFNF7oHpyUUislg2SKnl0N9GMrfVY3V6Xb51GYhV.ry0qFLjXL6Un27JEeK_ciXIldd2lopgsBUQnvfQJAg8wkgdVR.YARNk57rq0GyWwByaqGWu2CYr1_CbpC_khkXIwqVZMG1cj2ICAuaomsLCAGjaCYxDdIFuuXrDTdKIbiIs670JgdUF2FTojEF_iRjHeMMlz0tXXJCRZfRLpiGsZSmtpFYW3z1ayzrFancFYhM_twApaA2NBXH.4L_Hz.Kwl4RiwNL.RBg2MsPtBGh6.0_6HTkNVJQ40g7_MXuSCg_mGJoZ0a.bPXXtgvp5HRlqqgdJycryz.EMMD1E.BxlhZXDOFN.MxUrwINAqDHEF90vnQBi8eeRQfyd4b3fk80G0Rf6YhZv8Q15HU28vAXO2nAU0Xpr5bfFMZogcCvEDuSPmloohGQkIkjKIvihgwVhiUjwqShc8uCnZA0HVaYCDFHey8wn5PBfYM0drlcMX2_pg138EQwODc0qPV7EqfCwBCqu51FLIyV3M4KQSf5LsCPw8lxD3Mx76AC87fGnleKivJwlifjhkyJo4SAswetAiu5XP.UVAAz4hlVi1PJlJ_zAB5hGyMSh4dMlyypUFo2q8cNwQn9.cI3E1dNwow.oZKO.BVHw.TfGTBNM6IiWWCD0hyACUf6FsiQsoQsfERM2snheuZkyw3okYg6IbAVF.0VYvCLRinBAqqu2cUjc4qPnU0aPscgp_B1Od._RYa2uSwKnBBVoMWqS_MdQo5MRgUaH09jpk6rmwF1KSJMU41qhsXFM_uOKT3r4U03MvuB8dpqoR8Q0uC2QnTT5teXtjcsFEA7Cj4LsWnNEDYsJqpZtj12PjC2BM2q9I3aEjrDI4A7wZmiRRA7jzlD4jIvktfHTeC.p0P.81OOIPg7x9l0O1ptSv1fmj5BFApgmUqy1xb0G33jyf2L4bl2bVsOlVB1PRzBRhGT1Af7jSF8E5zkJ6GiKx0GmSO9A8ZnQcX4bPl3Whm5A0FOLVePgSGnYtaSzRnYU6chs0y2GX6chCPquPN3Wk_b15NikSvVL28LUwgbqOU8cz4LCUETsZy5wnyFhtLlrOE5GSwsbIL0nVjuspG9Bg_ubYoTa.aECdPew2k64wxQU_tnj7nFbFYWOOzQLhdL.FGZT6aE7TltVQZ0tsyhbqb72lAW.Yk.wuOViHEeyvgMg7MazAVR_yA50poMGk1n3H1Sw6TgkVy1Ou.C2y6ZOz.lFwJrXCVDlpW00CJVGpPwntF9CLZwWcCRp0Afu1FRDnj5bAyfdQ90XxaWbpeb.tLGx9qkt.aETzWQZnkhKKeu9CH6gB5OI2mE4hZ8j2yxsorWw3BYfV6xgXe6QF4KDlvDJVw7J6H317I.uH0IiRtktGhuLPfRSpMBXdTL5kU6A6exyhnnH_GpT8GOfcc4G8M1HIWq98kQb080n32IVtewaBKBQh6bV.Zi2uIJ34VqBnUSpisASp3OAKWWYSiiFCHlZXhuBOWXBl4ay58l5RXqCLqtdu.HdgZJuFspxCBySQFpE8YVD4wuSy4kVIGbbqgbvsDyf7jOAV0wooj_xJC60pFpa16PL8mxR1yJRFkWx5Z4E9U",mdrd: "mOqygRcrav5jkbOIrJPHwbrbCiY.I6NTNP6RjngsRZY-1740741621-1.2.1.1-sKar23Fl.iIY7zQ6_exMroUYKIRt7m.fbxP_QbO2TyHvYfxz_BK3c31XUia7JnGhUrHtMH.wDxIcm8w84EPGKuaMyS04EiprJgAPF4zXBloPeMUeO4ey41gFGl2ZZ_IyOMaEuCdUubozamddtR3ILsI2j6mx_VoNVGrbW24i7ToUkuiqd9dt54lauqdwTbPTH.1hlEPsbH2ppbKS63BUKwcrcp0T6WjNy4.Wdnu0NKWEcIUAX9sCjB5Nlw1N7PjUonigMEPNEe2Szt_.g4dLVaUxy_Zb4NfkZ4d67V.TtkqOsEkYaFCZ8GjC1GJZwQh86nV0bwgxjx6bp6Ip5FTwmnCVwFLTzrTICGzUvtDAgXQBL.SvIE2dOTy45XZd0.hRAePkG5Oq3z.OI7IWXRyupL5bbMg9OxQ064lrf_VYOGQdpZk__kMGKTvlcmE19t86S9.a0TE.Vm8EsJaWu8w2Fzf2xElqS1KcigUDsdlbOtCNXTzewoLYSS0SbFA7I01.uGHtJk3gs6cAFgo8nDjuT46UWOUjUprBv_xfSvngqd07iIBNdIk_i.X7CsogsFLcgpkmeHQjVF.BmMeJIsOTseuhskYbv1seSbtBDwx0ehh4IzI_AqfP.MFBs2tgndTKJPJ7mNpjcq1YaALJXbfSWf4hjGGOFgEgnyauep6w5QTWNAxG_0U0KFhLGBDzBRSdbWwcxfovm.VexDA6shrlttGHDiI96XUPYje3m3oWFkyM2u_IBnOHXs.pZTc8UW0KJnG6vwjX9MWqvAI4TbKkFCIHgFHNieTeptx0CPkydy1loYCLsq2iIeU.w1lDLFpIqAtlKrZT9WGZqP20rfDdm9k8w1v.Dm1jYRkF7q2L9mNC_dLKMAiAwWRdywQ8Gz6tvYrhdw6jc6Bxll.ArP8wWJyrDiWhKywlCcI1icTy1phCuEsUKut0J00zxPZ0xLdjA6NEGCU0yy8De1Hh6006.nHzZkRJijmEf66iCGJoqcLwKBrL1E4_in7cvprDEx3DFOqJOpvtRu1WzuhMWjo8xXMLaGC8dFVnWoHYhgnEC6zpCh1G31hQ8hkVJY117CTqXhDFWrMIZA8.EEKx43ms824C5qXccOENr.SVtar.j5iBhHahGevZhB3DF_10BiNnCZtR_BQagcka7H7PDboPgeS8qs0JoXcGj_5os9qWETDYa9Aghx7e930YxAwuHrK4jue99Jni9j7fPXcu0IDOIVcgs.kheu4kEwcIJvirF5.PGQsT8ktStXRAR42qVktWJ6QGzDf_UQU38UQEaiOEinA5iTr66pdNlvwZO98C2Ueln7ZwSlrF7Aw90do6.eLTdTz2l..KHSMGNEtMhS2p8ZjqLktojlmVfSz8PHIrfcTLjIzt5eC0Hgag1BOqfQZBLj3HEQrPATmf3t.LibB2o9x9AbJD4iyoLtHBpKFN6j.uD4RzZFoHZNB1UxL.DOJvPjNp7.qReC6b4CzvoddtGcwx.W7BqtGzRg3NfjTJ.uzzwRekS5qv0G33Uiof_HSWfE7goLElQjZAsYrGXHq_xq.dIlTHb8j8XXWCVuGvuEapSdpi8.ZUceA9aMLa7jQ2tXcAUk8cbNxJozjC7rAqUVIwqscTQ8yiSngoYIDhuqH7l9wMqRxeoOnn7GJUYJ8NJ3syIKtpLWrAkPVxS0az_vaNefka7B2Z2tlBbhhIqX1CYNIBIyB4bPT7fmKbb.7sxT61zGzlVDYRVkCtF81OiyqgRIjU.hSEpeBrNbEPeTjsiM5jEOOA6GiZyJLhqBZdG30Qd1kwGj2WRHlGO0DzifjWgkAmMipHES6fxtsKIWHgIfi05wM9K5Ss1x4hCvJjjrIxSaTk.DhVrVGwYWdzMAKeRQLzvmNmcs6Ply9YgVSqvQR0D02n4anIphJQxZxWMsuJpvV7Ls__06PlXPcaLcuVeqfJCqL2czv8HLKw.2ypQ0klQbFjA1UpUDbr60LJ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9190065bcb8940d3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=C001026&__cf_chl_rt_tk=FCng8V1.Q29gKUJ2E_MSi9TN.LzvEkDz6TQ5YaA92YY-1740741621-1.0.1.1-y9x.RDKzAZ7aTDGqOKoE56ZwouZg.K2ThRa0qSdn8rA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>