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Disponible en 28 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="إحصاء سكان الولايات المتحدة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إحصاء سكان الولايات المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Перапіс насельніцтва ЗША – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Перапіс насельніцтва ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Перапіс насельніцтва ЗША – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Перапіс насельніцтва ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Преброяване на населението на САЩ – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Преброяване на населението на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cens_dels_Estats_Units" title="Cens dels Estats Units – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cens dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_census" title="United States census – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="United States census" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census" title="United States Census – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="United States Census" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_census" title="United States census – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="United States census" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censo_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Censo de los Estados Unidos – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Censo de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_v%C3%A4est%C3%B6nlaskenta" title="Yhdysvaltain väestönlaskenta – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain väestönlaskenta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מפקד האוכלוסין של ארצות הברית – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מפקד האוכלוסין של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_Amerika_Serikat" title="Sensus Amerika Serikat – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sensus Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censimento_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Censimento degli Stati Uniti d'America – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Censimento degli Stati Uniti d'America" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8B%A2%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB" title="アメリカ合衆国国勢調査 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国国勢調査" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9D%B8%EA%B5%AC_%EC%A1%B0%EC%82%AC" title="미국 인구 조사 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 인구 조사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census" title="United States Census – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="United States Census" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADla%CA%BCashdla%CA%BCii_n%C3%A1%C3%B3ltah%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bílaʼashdlaʼii náóltahígíí – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bílaʼashdlaʼii náóltahígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spis_ludno%C5%9Bci_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Spis ludności Stanów Zjednoczonych – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Spis ludności Stanów Zjednoczonych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ریاست ہائے متحدہ دی مردم شماری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ریاست ہائے متحدہ دی مردم شماری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censo_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Censo dos Estados Unidos – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Censo dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recens%C4%83mintele_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Recensămintele Statelor Unite ale Americii – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Recensămintele Statelor Unite ale Americii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Перепись населения США – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Перепись населения США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_census" title="United States census – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="United States census" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census" title="United States Census – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="United States Census" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Перепис населення США – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Перепис населення США" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ریاست ہائے متحدہ کی مردم شماری – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریاست ہائے متحدہ کی مردم شماری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%91ng_k%C3%AA_D%C3%A2n_s%E1%BB%91_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Thống kê Dân số Hoa Kỳ – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thống kê Dân số Hoa Kỳ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" title="美國人口普查 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美國人口普查" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1345528#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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decoding="async" width="45" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant les <a href="/wiki/Sciences_humaines_et_sociales" title="Sciences humaines et sociales">sciences humaines et sociales</a> et les <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg/220px-Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg/330px-Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg/440px-Univac_I_at_Census_Bureau_with_two_operators.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="1091" /></a><figcaption>Des employés du Bureau du recensement des États-Unis compilent des données à l'aide de l'un des ordinateurs <a href="/wiki/Univac" class="mw-redirect" title="Univac">Univac</a> de l'agence, vers 1960.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'<i><b><span class="lang-en" lang="en">United States Census</span></b></i> (en français recensement des États-Unis) est un recensement décennal exigé par l'<a href="/wiki/Article_I_de_la_Constitution_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Article I de la Constitution des États-Unis">Article I</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Constitution_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Constitution des États-Unis">Constitution des États-Unis</a>, qui précise que les représentations politiques et impôts sont répartis entre les différents États américains ce qui impose qu'un recensement soit effectué tous les dix ans. Le premier s'est tenu en <a href="/wiki/1790" title="1790">1790</a> et le dernier <a href="/wiki/Recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis_de_2020" title="Recensement des États-Unis de 2020"><abbr class="abbr" title="Vingt-quatrième">24<sup>e</sup></abbr> et dernier à ce jour</a> en <a href="/wiki/2020_aux_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="2020 aux États-Unis">2020</a>. </p><p>Ces recensements sont gérés par le <a href="/wiki/Bureau_du_recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Bureau du recensement des États-Unis">Bureau du recensement des États-Unis</a>, une <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_agences_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rales_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Liste des agences fédérales des États-Unis">agence fédérale</a> du <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Commerce_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Département du Commerce des États-Unis">département du Commerce des États-Unis</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le premier recensement ayant eu lieu aux États-Unis est le <a href="/wiki/Recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis_de_1790" title="Recensement des États-Unis de 1790">recensement de 1790</a>. Sont alors comptabilisés 3 929 000 habitants. Le dernier dépouillement de recensement selon des méthodes manuelles a lieu lors des <a href="/wiki/Recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis_de_1880" title="Recensement des États-Unis de 1880">opérations de 1880</a>. <a href="/wiki/Herman_Hollerith" title="Herman Hollerith">Herman Hollerith</a> y participe, puis travaille au <a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">Bureau américain des brevets et des marques de commerce</a>, où il met au point la <a href="/wiki/Carte_perfor%C3%A9e" title="Carte perforée">carte perforée</a> qui porte son nom. Cette méthode servit à l'automatisation des opérations du <a href="/wiki/Recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis_de_1890" title="Recensement des États-Unis de 1890">recensement de 1890</a>, qui fut la première application d'envergure des techniques <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9canographie" title="Mécanographie">mécanographiques</a> dans l'Histoire. </p><p>Le <a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_la_population" title="Recensement de la population">recensement</a> est obligatoire aux États-Unis, mais les réponses sont libres<sup id="cite_ref-Bacharan144_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacharan144-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Jusqu'en 1976, se soustraire à la procédure de recensement pouvait entrainer une incarcération. Depuis, les contrevenants s'exposent à une amende de <span class="nowrap">5 000 <a href="/wiki/Dollar_am%C3%A9ricain" title="Dollar américain">dollars</a></span> (contre <span class="nowrap">38 <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euros</a></span> en France)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>La question de la race a été posée dès le départ de l'histoire du pays parce que l'esclavage obligeait à un tel décompte. La question reste toujours posée, mais s'est diversifiée au fil des recensements. Asiatiques déclinés entre pays d'origine puis Hispaniques selon l'origine exacte ont enrichi le corpus de données statistiques. Jusqu'en 1915, les immigrants venus du Proche-Orient devaient s'enregistrer comme « Asiatiques », ce qui leur interdisait l'accès à la nationalité américaine ; ils sont depuis lors intégrés dans le groupe « Blanc ». Depuis l'an <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, il est possible de choisir plusieurs origines ethniques, seuls les métis noir-blanc furent recensés au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle. Ces questions sont facultatives : chacun est libre de cocher ou non les cases concernant l'appartenance <a href="/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie">ethnique</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Linguistique" title="Linguistique">linguistique</a> (par exemple pour le groupe hispanique). Mais civisme aidant, le taux de non-réponse est minime. De toute façon, l'origine de l'individu n'est indiquée sur aucun document d'identité (permis de conduire, carte de sécurité sociale ou passeport, la carte d'identité n'existe pas aux États-Unis)<sup id="cite_ref-Bacharan144_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacharan144-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les réponses servent cependant aux nombreux programmes sociaux d'aide à des groupes ciblés. Depuis <a href="/wiki/1990_aux_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="1990 aux États-Unis">1990</a>, le Bureau du recensement permet aux homosexuels de se déclarer concubins au moment de l'enquête démographique<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le Bureau de recensement a parfois enfreint la règle de confidentialité. Pendant la <a href="/wiki/Seconde_Guerre_mondiale" title="Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a> notamment, il transmet à d'autres administrations des informations ayant conduit à l'<a href="/wiki/Internement_des_Nippo-Am%C3%A9ricains" title="Internement des Nippo-Américains">internement des résidents d'origine japonaise</a>. Après les <a href="/wiki/Attentats_du_11_septembre_2001" title="Attentats du 11 septembre 2001">attentats du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2001-09-11" data-sort-value="2001-09-11">11 septembre 2001</time></a>, il communique aux services de renseignement les quartiers comprenant une proportion importante de personnes d'origine irakienne ou égyptienne<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le recensement permet d'observer les évolutions sociales et culturelles du pays et d'adapter les politiques en matière d'emploi, de santé ou de retraite. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Article_connexe">Article connexe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Article connexe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Article connexe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_du_recensement_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Bureau du recensement des États-Unis">Bureau du recensement des États-Unis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Census&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bacharan144-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Bacharan144_1-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Bacharan144_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Nicole Bacharan, <i>Faut-il avoir peur de l’Amérique ?</i>, Paris, éditions du Seuil, 2005 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-0207-9950-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-0207-9950-2"><span class="nowrap">2-0207-9950-2</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 144</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Benoît_Bréville2019"><span class="nom_auteur"><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Br%C3%A9ville" title="Benoît Bréville">Benoît Bréville</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2019/07/BREVILLE/60012"><cite style="font-style:normal;">« Quelle est votre race ? »</cite></a>, sur <span class="italique">Le Monde diplomatique</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-07-01" data-sort-value="2019-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2019</time></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3222,36-836013@51-827071,0.html">Le prochain visage de l'Amérique</a> - Sylvie Kauffmann, <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>, 19 novembre 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Baptiste Coulmont, « Géographie de l’union civile au Vermont », dans <i>Mappemonde</i> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 71/3, 2003</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:D%C3%A9mographie" title="Portail de la démographie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Circle-icons-piechart.svg/24px-Circle-icons-piechart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" 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