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height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Negara" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Negara" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Negara" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Negara" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bentuk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bentuk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bentuk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bentuk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Bentuk</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bentuk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Negara_kesatuan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Negara_kesatuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Negara kesatuan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Negara_kesatuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Negara_serikat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Negara_serikat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Negara serikat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Negara_serikat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kedaulatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kedaulatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kedaulatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kedaulatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Referensi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Negara</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 170 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-170" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">170 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF" title="بلد – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="দেশ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দেশ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jach%27a_marka" title="Jach'a marka – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jach'a marka" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96lk%C9%99" title="Ölkə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ölkə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%87" title="اؤلکه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اؤلکه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Ил – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ил" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banwa" title="Banwa – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Banwa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Краіна – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Краіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Краіна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Краіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Страна – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Страна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaontri" title="Kaontri – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kaontri" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="দেশ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দেশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_(%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE)" title="দেশ (তালিকা) – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="দেশ (তালিকা)" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bro" title="Bro – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bro" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(dr%C5%BEava)" title="Zemlja (država) – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zemlja (država)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara" title="Negara – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Negara" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B3k-g%C4%83" title="Guók-gă – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Guók-gă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="Мохк – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мохк" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasod" title="Nasod – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasod" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="وڵات – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وڵات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paesi" title="Paesi – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Paesi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1tn%C3%AD_%C3%BAzem%C3%AD" title="Státní území – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Státní území" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%95%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Çĕршыв – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çĕршыв" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad" title="Gwlad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_(Geographie)" title="Land (Geographie) – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Land (Geographie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%AB%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A6%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A2" title="འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་དག་གི་མིང་རྫོང་དབྱིན་རྒྱ་གསུམ་ཤན་བསྦྱར – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་དག་གི་མིང་རྫོང་དབྱིན་རྒྱ་གསུམ་ཤན་བསྦྱར" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Χώρα – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χώρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country" title="Country – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Country" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lando" title="Lando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa_(piirkond)" title="Maa (piirkond) – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maa (piirkond)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrialde" title="Herrialde – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Herrialde" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1" title="کشور – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa_(alue)" title="Maa (alue) – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maa (alue)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa" title="Maa – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Maa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanitu" title="Matanitu – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Matanitu" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays" title="Pays – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pays" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payis" title="Payis – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Payis" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2n" title="Lân – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="國家 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="國家" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9yi" title="Péyi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Péyi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9thaich" title="Dùthaich – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dùthaich" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6" title="દેશ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="દેશ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87heer" title="Çheer – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çheer" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%98asa,_yanki" title="Ƙasa, yanki – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ƙasa, yanki" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koet-k%C3%A2" title="Koet-kâ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Koet-kâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaumoku%CA%BB%C4%81ina" title="Kaumokuʻāina – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kaumokuʻāina" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_(%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ארץ (גאוגרפיה) – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארץ (גאוגרפיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Des" title="Des – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Des" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(geografski_pojam)" title="Zemlja (geografski pojam) – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemlja (geografski pojam)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyi" title="Peyi – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Peyi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsz%C3%A1g" title="Ország – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%AB%D6%80_(%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84)" title="Երկիր (տարածք) – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկիր (տարածք)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais" title="Pais – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pais" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menua" title="Menua – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Menua" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuna" title="Nuna – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nuna" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagilian" title="Pagilian – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagilian" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="Mохк – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Mохк" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lando" title="Lando – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lando" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paese_(geografia)" title="Paese (geografia) – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paese (geografia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD" title="国 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konchri" title="Konchri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Konchri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/gugde" title="gugde – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="gugde" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქვეყანა – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქვეყანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Ел – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ел" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F" title="ប្រទេស – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រទេស" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6" title="ದೇಶ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದೇಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="나라 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8F%D9%84%D9%8F%DA%A9" title="مُلُک – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مُلُک" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welat" title="Welat – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Welat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow" title="Pow – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%A9" title="Өлкө – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Өлкө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagus" title="Pagus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pagus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paiz" title="Paiz – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Paiz" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Уьлкве – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Уьлкве" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landj_(geografie)" title="Landj (geografie) – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Landj (geografie)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Es%C3%A9" title="Esé – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Esé" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94" title="ປະເທດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0alis" title="Šalis – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šalis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeme_(teritorija)" title="Zeme (teritorija) – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zeme (teritorija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firenena" title="Firenena – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Firenena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Эл – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эл" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara" title="Nagara – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Nagara" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="ရးနိဂီု – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ရးနိဂီု" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_(geografi)" title="Negara (geografi) – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Negara (geografi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajji%C5%BC" title="Pajjiż – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pajjiż" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%AD%C3%A7" title="Paíç – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Paíç" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="တိုင်းပြည် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တိုင်းပြည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="لزمی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لزمی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="देय् – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="देय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_(geografie)" title="Land (geografie) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Land (geografie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays" title="Pays – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Pays" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naga" title="Naga – Sotho Utara" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Naga" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Sotho Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਦੇਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੇਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais" title="Pais – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pais" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="देशा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="देशा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuntrii" title="Kuntrii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kuntrii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraj_(pa%C5%84stwo)" title="Kraj (państwo) – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kraj (państwo)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="دیس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دیس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="هیواد – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هیواد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suyu_(mamallaqta)" title="Suyu (mamallaqta) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suyu (mamallaqta)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Them" title="Them – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Them" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%9Aar%C4%83" title="Țară – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Țară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Страна – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Страна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Країна – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Країна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Дойду – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дойду" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kintra" title="Kintra – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kintra" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%AA" title="ملڪ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ملڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(geografski_pojam)" title="Zemlja (geografski pojam) – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zemlja (geografski pojam)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A7" title="රට – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country" title="Country – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Country" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C5%BEela" title="Dežela – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dežela" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atunu%27u" title="Atunu'u – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Atunu'u" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadan" title="Wadan – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Wadan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendi" title="Vendi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vendi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%99%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Земља (геополитика) – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Земља (геополитика)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondre" title="Kondre – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Kondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naha" title="Naha – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Naha" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagri" title="Nagri – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Nagri" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nchi" title="Nchi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nchi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="நாடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/qalang_(Koka)" title="qalang (Koka) – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="qalang (Koka)" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82" title="దేశం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దేశం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кишвар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кишвар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ประเทศ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%83%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD" title="ሃገር – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሃገር" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansa" title="Bansa – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bansa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%A1v%C9%99r" title="Kišvər – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kišvər" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Clke" title="Ülke – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ülke" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alang" title="Alang – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Alang" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Ил – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ил" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шаер – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шаер" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%86%D9%84%DB%95%D8%AA" title="دۆلەت – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دۆلەت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Країна – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Країна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9" title="ملک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ملک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamlakat" title="Mamlakat – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mamlakat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan, artikel bagus"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%A9ze" title="Paéze – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Paéze" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia" title="Quốc gia – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc gia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4n" title="Län – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Län" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasud" title="Nasud – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nasud" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="國家 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="國家" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქიანა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქიანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="לאנד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8" title="Orílẹ̀-èdè – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orílẹ̀-èdè" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guekgya" title="Guekgya – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Guekgya" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="国家 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国家" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kok-ka" title="Kok-ka – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kok-ka" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A6" title="邦 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="邦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Negara" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Negara" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Negara"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&action=edit" title="Halaman ini dilindungi. Anda hanya dapat melihat sumbernya. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Lihat sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Negara"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&action=edit"><span>Lihat sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Negara" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Negara" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&oldid=25806207" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Negara&id=25806207&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNegara"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNegara"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Negara"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Negara&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Countries" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6256" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Untuk kegunaan lainnya, lihat <a href="/wiki/Negara_(disambiguasi)" class="mw-disambig" title="Negara (disambiguasi)">Negara (disambiguasi)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf/page1-440px-CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf/page1-660px-CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf/page1-880px-CIA_WorldFactBook-Political_world.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6300" data-file-height="3600" /></a><figcaption>Peta 2021 yang menunjukkan negara-negara dengan pengakuan penuh dan beberapa negara nonanggota <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">PBB</a>; beberapa wilayah yang disengketakan tidak ditampilkan.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Negara</b> adalah organisasi kekuasaan yang berdaulat dengan tata pemerintahan yang melaksanakan tata tertib atas orang-orang di daerah tertentu,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan memiliki kekuasaan tertinggi yang sah dan ditaati oleh rakyatnya.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Negara juga merupakan suatu wilayah yang memiliki suatu sistem atau aturan yang berlaku bagi semua individu di wilayah tersebut, dan berdiri secara independen. Syarat primer sebuah negara adalah memiliki rakyat, memiliki wilayah,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan memiliki pemerintahan yang berdaulat. Sedangkan syarat sekundernya adalah mendapat pengakuan dari negara lain. </p><p>Negara terluas di dunia adalah <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>, sedangkan yang populasinya terbanyak adalah <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Negara yang terbaru adalah <a href="/wiki/Sudan_Selatan" title="Sudan Selatan">Sudan Selatan</a> yang baru memperoleh kemerdekaannya pada tahun 2011. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bentuk">Bentuk</h2></div> <p>Ada dua bentuk negara yang dikenal di dunia saat ini, yakni kesatuan (<i>unitaris</i>) dan serikat (<i>federasi)</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Negara_kesatuan">Negara kesatuan</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">Negara kesatuan</a> (<i>unitaris</i>) merupakan bentuk negara yang kekuasaan tertingginya berada di pemerintahan pusat. Secara hierarkinya, negara kesatuan merupakan negara yang bersusunan tunggal yang berarti tidak ada negara di dalam negara. Negara kesatuan dibedakan kembali menjadi dua yaitu sistem <i>sentralisasi</i> dan <i>desentralisasi</i>. Dalam sistem sentralisasi, semua persoalan diatur oleh pemerintah pusat. Daerah bertugas menjalankan perintah dari pusat tanpa diberikan kewenangan. Sedangkan dalam desentralisasi, daerah diberikan kewenangan untuk mengatur urusan rumah tangga sendiri (hak otonomi) sesuai kebutuhan dan peraturan yang juga diatur oleh pemerintah pusat. Ciri-ciri negara kesatuan: </p> <ol><li>Hanya terdiri satu undang-undang dasar, kepala negara, dewan menteri dan dewan perwakilan rakyat.</li> <li>Kedaulatan negara mencakup kedaulatan ke dalam dan kedaulatan ke luar yang telah ditandatangani oleh pemerintah bagian pusat.</li> <li>Menganut dua sistem, yaitu sentralistik atau dari pusat dan desentralistik atau dari daerah.</li> <li>Hanya menggunakan satu kebijakan terhadap masalah yang dihadapi seperti ekonomi, sosial, politik, budaya, keamanan dan pertahanan.</li></ol> <p>Contoh negara kesatuan yaitu <a href="/wiki/Inggris_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Inggris Raya">Inggris Raya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Maladewa" title="Maladewa">Maladewa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Negara_serikat">Negara serikat</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Negara_serikat" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara serikat">Negara serikat</a> (<i>federasi</i>) merupakan bentuk negara yang di dalamnya terdapat beberapa negara yang disebut negara bagian. Negara-negara tersebut ada yang merupakan penggabungan diri atau hasil pemekaran bagian. Dalam negara serikat, dikenal dua macam pemerintahan di dalamnya yaitu pemerintahan federal dan pemerintahan negara bagian. Pemerintahan federal biasanya mengatur urusan bersama dari semua anggota negara bagian seperti hubungan internasional, pertahanan, mata uang, dan komunikasi. Ciri-ciri negara federasi: </p> <ol><li>Kepala negara yang telah dipilih rakyat dan bertanggung jawab terhadap rakyatnya.</li> <li>Kepala negara memiliki hak veto yang dapat diajukan oleh parlemen.</li> <li>Masing-masing negara bagian mempunyai kekuasaan asli namun tidak memiliki kedaulatan.</li> <li>Tiap-tiap negara bagian mempunyai wewenang menyusun undang-undang dasar sendiri.</li> <li>Pemerintah pusat mempunyai kedaulatan terhadap negara bagian dalam urusan dalam maupun luar.</li></ol> <p>Contoh negara federasi yaitu <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kedaulatan">Kedaulatan</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Daftar negara berdaulat</a></div> <p>Kata "negara" dipakai beberapa ahli untuk merujuk pada <a href="/wiki/Negara_berdaulat" title="Negara berdaulat">negara berdaulat</a>. Tidak ada kesepakatan khusus mengenai jumlah negara di dunia, karena ada beberapa negara yang <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_dengan_pengakuan_terbatas" title="Daftar negara dengan pengakuan terbatas">masih diperdebatkan kedaulatannya</a>. Ada total 206 negara, dengan 193 negara anggota <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> dan 13 lainnya yang kedaulatannya diperdebatkan. Meskipun bukan negara berdaulat, <a href="/wiki/Inggris" title="Inggris">Inggris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia">Skotlandia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Irlandia_Utara" title="Irlandia Utara">Irlandia Utara</a> (yang tergabung dalam <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>) adalah contoh <a href="/wiki/Entitas" title="Entitas">entitas</a> yang disepakati dan dirujuk sebagai negara.<sup id="cite_ref-Lib_of_Congress_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lib_of_Congress-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Number_10_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Number_10-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-commonwealth_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commonwealth-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bekas negara lainnya seperti <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> (kini bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>) dan <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" class="mw-redirect" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> (kini bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>) tidak akan dirujuk sebagai "negara" dalam kondisi normal, walaupun mereka pernah menjadi sebuah negara yang berdiri sendiri pada masa lalu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Daftar negara berdaulat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_bebas_(politik)" title="Negara bebas (politik)">Negara bebas (politik)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Sabon, Max Boli (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.id/books?id=u1afDwAAQBAJ"><i>Ilmu Negara: Bahan Pendidikan Untuk Perguruan Tinggi</i></a>. Jakarta: Unika Atma Jaya Jakarta. hlm. 28. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-5526-82-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-5526-82-4">978-602-5526-82-4</a>. <q>G.S. Dipolono di dalam Ilmu Negara (1975) menulis sebagai berikut: "Pada hemat kita negara suatu organisasi kekuasaan yang berdaulat, yang dengan tata pemerintahan melaksanakan tata tertib atas suatu umat di suatu daerah tertentu. Bagaimana bentuk dan coraknya, negara selalu merupakan organisasi kekuasaan. Organisasi kekuasaan ini selalu mempunyai tata pemerintahan. Dan tata pemerintahan ini selalu melaksanakan tata tertib atas suatu umat di daerah tertentu".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ilmu+Negara%3A+Bahan+Pendidikan+Untuk+Perguruan+Tinggi&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Unika+Atma+Jaya+Jakarta&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-602-5526-82-4&rft.aulast=Sabon&rft.aufirst=Max+Boli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.id%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du1afDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Budiardjo, Miriam (Juli 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iM7e_2PnGBQC&newbks=0&hl=id"><i>Dasar-dasar Ilmu Politik - Edisi Revisi</i></a>. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-979-22-3494-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-979-22-3494-7">978-979-22-3494-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dasar-dasar+Ilmu+Politik+-+Edisi+Revisi&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Gramedia+Pustaka+Utama&rft.date=2023-07&rft.isbn=978-979-22-3494-7&rft.aulast=Budiardjo&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiM7e_2PnGBQC%26newbks%3D0%26hl%3Did&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Rosenberg, Matt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081206164759/http://geography.about.com/cs/politicalgeog/a/statenation.htm">"Geography: Country, State, and Nation"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geography.about.com/cs/politicalgeog/a/statenation.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-12-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2008-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geography%3A+Country%2C+State%2C+and+Nation&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeography.about.com%2Fcs%2Fpoliticalgeog%2Fa%2Fstatenation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/un-desa-policy-brief-no-153-india-overtakes-china-as-the-worlds-most-populous-country/">"UN DESA Policy Brief No. 153: India overtakes China as the world's most populous country | Department of Economic and Social Affairs"</a>. <i>www.un.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2024-06-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=UN+DESA+Policy+Brief+No.+153%3A+India+overtakes+China+as+the+world%E2%80%99s+most+populous+country+%7C+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fdevelopment%2Fdesa%2Fdpad%2Fpublication%2Fun-desa-policy-brief-no-153-india-overtakes-china-as-the-worlds-most-populous-country%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lib_of_Congress-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lib_of_Congress_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/law/help/uk.php">"Legal Research Guide: United Kingdom"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_Library_of_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law Library of Congress (halaman belum tersedia)">Law Library of Congress</a>. 2009-07-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2013-03-29</span></span>. <q>The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the collective name of four countries, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The four separate countries were united under a single Parliament through a series of Acts of Union.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Legal+Research+Guide%3A+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Law+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2009-07-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Flaw%2Fhelp%2Fuk.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Number_10-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Number_10_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080909013512/http://www.number10.gov.uk/Page823">"countries within a country:number10.gov.uk"</a>. <i>10 Downing Street website</i>. <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>. 2003-01-10. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.number10.gov.uk/Page823">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-09-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-09-22</span></span>. <q>The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=10+Downing+Street+website&rft.atitle=countries+within+a+country%3Anumber10.gov.uk&rft.date=2003-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.number10.gov.uk%2FPage823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Hapus pranala luar di parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#param_has_ext_link" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-commonwealth-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-commonwealth_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecommonwealth.org/YearbookInternal/139598/geography/">"Commonwealth Secretariat — Geography"</a>. <i>Commonwealth Secretariat website</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_Secretariat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth Secretariat (halaman belum tersedia)">Commonwealth Secretariat</a>. 2009-09-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-09-22</span></span>. <q>The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) is a union of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Commonwealth+Secretariat+website&rft.atitle=Commonwealth+Secretariat+%E2%80%94+Geography&rft.date=2009-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecommonwealth.org%2FYearbookInternal%2F139598%2Fgeography%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Europa-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Europa_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100205110409/http://europa.eu/youth/travelling_europe/index_uk_en.html">"Travelling Europe — United Kingdom"</a>. <i>European Youth Portal</i>. <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>. 2009-06-29. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/youth/travelling_europe/index_uk_en.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2010-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2009-09-22</span></span>. <q>The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Youth+Portal&rft.atitle=Travelling+Europe+%E2%80%94+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2009-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Fyouth%2Ftravelling_europe%2Findex_uk_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <div style="column-count:2; column-gap:10px; -moz-column-count:2; -moz-column-gap:10px; -webkit-column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap:10px;" align="left"> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Barrow, Clyde W. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=t3zo8mCl580C"><i>Critical Theories of State: Marxist, Neo-Marxist, Post-Marxist</i></a>. University of Wisconsin Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-299-13714-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-299-13714-7">0-299-13714-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Critical+Theories+of+State%3A+Marxist%2C+Neo-Marxist%2C+Post-Marxist&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-299-13714-7&rft.au=Barrow%2C+Clyde+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt3zo8mCl580C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Bobbio, Norberto (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=4AE8ur83g8AC"><i>Democracy and Dictatorship: The Nature and Limits of State Power</i></a>. University of Minnesota Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8166-1813-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8166-1813-5">0-8166-1813-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democracy+and+Dictatorship%3A+The+Nature+and+Limits+of+State+Power&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-8166-1813-5&rft.au=Bobbio%2C+Norberto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4AE8ur83g8AC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Cudworth, Erika (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Pr8tAAAAYAAJ"><i>The Modern State: Theories and Ideologies</i></a>. Edinburgh University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7486-2176-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7486-2176-7">978-0-7486-2176-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Modern+State%3A+Theories+and+Ideologies&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7486-2176-7&rft.au=Cudworth%2C+Erika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPr8tAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan authors (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Tampilkan_authors" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan authors">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Dogan, Mattei (1992). "Conceptions of Legitimacy". Dalam Paynter, John et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=_MdR_fvPxZoC&pg=PA116"><i>Encyclopedia of government and politics</i></a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-07224-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-07224-3">978-0-415-07224-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conceptions+of+Legitimacy&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+government+and+politics&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-415-07224-3&rft.au=Dogan%2C+Mattei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_MdR_fvPxZoC%26pg%3DPA116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Menggunakan_parameter_penyunting" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Flint, Colin & Taylor, Peter (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=GXz9xHdHeZcC"><i>Political Geography: World Economy, Nation-State, and Locality</i></a> (edisi ke-5th). Pearson/Prentice Hall. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-13-196012-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-13-196012-1">978-0-13-196012-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Geography%3A+World+Economy%2C+Nation-State%2C+and+Locality&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Pearson%2FPrentice+Hall&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-13-196012-1&rft.au=Flint%2C+Colin+%26+Taylor%2C+Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGXz9xHdHeZcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Hay, Colin (2001). "State theory". Dalam Jones, R.J. Barry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=lSmU3aXWIAYC&pg=PA1469"><i>Routledge Encyclopedia of International Political Economy: Entries P-Z</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. hlm. 1469–1475. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-24352-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-24352-0">978-0-415-24352-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=State+theory&rft.btitle=Routledge+Encyclopedia+of+International+Political+Economy%3A+Entries+P-Z&rft.pages=1469-1475&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-415-24352-0&rft.au=Hay%2C+Colin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlSmU3aXWIAYC%26pg%3DPA1469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Joseph, Jonathan (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=ic5UOphbKHsC"><i>Social theory: an introduction</i></a>. NYU Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8147-4277-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8147-4277-8">978-0-8147-4277-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Social+theory%3A+an+introduction&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-4277-8&rft.au=Joseph%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dic5UOphbKHsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Malešević, Siniša (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Lc_nMFoGcYkC"><i>Ideology, legitimacy and the new state: Yugoslavia, Serbia and Croatia</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7146-5215-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7146-5215-3">978-0-7146-5215-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ideology%2C+legitimacy+and+the+new+state%3A+Yugoslavia%2C+Serbia+and+Croatia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7146-5215-3&rft.au=Male%C5%A1evi%C4%87%2C+Sini%C5%A1a&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLc_nMFoGcYkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Nelson, Brian T. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=cvtYZmiOjT8C"><i>The making of the modern state: a theoretical evolution</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4039-7189-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4039-7189-0">978-1-4039-7189-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+making+of+the+modern+state%3A+a+theoretical+evolution&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-7189-0&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Brian+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcvtYZmiOjT8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Rueschemeyer, Dietrich; Skocpol, Theda; Evans, Peter B. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=sYgTwHQbNAAC"><i>Bringing the State Back In</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-521-31313-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-521-31313-9">0-521-31313-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bringing+the+State+Back+In&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-521-31313-9&rft.au=Rueschemeyer%2C+Dietrich%3B+Skocpol%2C+Theda%3B+Evans%2C+Peter+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsYgTwHQbNAAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Salmon, Trevor C. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=ayz0kWKhKacC"><i>Issues in international relations</i></a>. Taylor & Francis US. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-43126-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-43126-2">978-0-415-43126-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Issues+in+international+relations&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis+US&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-415-43126-2&rft.au=Salmon%2C+Trevor+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dayz0kWKhKacC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Sartwell, Crispin (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=bk-aaMVGKO0C"><i>Against the state: an introduction to anarchist political theory</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7914-7447-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7914-7447-1">978-0-7914-7447-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Against+the+state%3A+an+introduction+to+anarchist+political+theory&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-7447-1&rft.au=Sartwell%2C+Crispin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbk-aaMVGKO0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Scott, James C. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=oiLYu2-uc8IC"><i>The art of not being governed: an anarchist history of upland Southeast Asia</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-300-15228-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-300-15228-9">978-0-300-15228-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+art+of+not+being+governed%3A+an+anarchist+history+of+upland+Southeast+Asia&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-300-15228-9&rft.au=Scott%2C+James+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoiLYu2-uc8IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Skinner, Quentin (1989). "The state". Dalam Ball, T; Farr, J.; and Hanson, R.L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=1QrSKH_Q5M8C&pg=PA90"><i>Political Innovation and Conceptual Change</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 90–131. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-521-35978-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-521-35978-3">0-521-35978-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+state&rft.btitle=Political+Innovation+and+Conceptual+Change&rft.pages=90-131&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-521-35978-3&rft.au=Skinner%2C+Quentin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1QrSKH_Q5M8C%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Menggunakan_parameter_penyunting" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Vincent, Andrew (1992). "Conceptions of the State". Dalam Paynter, John et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=_MdR_fvPxZoC&pg=PA48"><i>Encyclopedia of government and politics</i></a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-07224-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-07224-3">978-0-415-07224-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conceptions+of+the+State&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+government+and+politics&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-415-07224-3&rft.au=Vincent%2C+Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_MdR_fvPxZoC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ANegara" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Menggunakan_parameter_penyunting" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting">link</a>) </span></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style 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title="wiktionary:Special:Search/negara">negara</a></b></i> di kamus bebas Wiktionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voyage.gc.ca/countries_pays/menu-eng.asp">Canada Foreign Affairs Travel Advisories</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html">The CIA World Factbook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080812233855/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-08-12 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060411202432/http://www.state.gov/misc/list/index.htm/">Country portals</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>, including Background Notes</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/">Country Studies</a> from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Library_of_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Library of Congress (halaman belum tersedia)">United States Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/foreigngovt.htm">Foreign Information by Country</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090108200417/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/foreigngovt.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-01-08 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/foreignalpha.htm">Country & Territory Guides</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080625035909/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/foreignalpha.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-06-25 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. from GovPubs at UCB Libraries</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.populationdata.net">PopulationData.net</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/">United Nations statistics division</a></li> <li>Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9786029678710" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-602-96787-1-0</a>)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Negara&oldid=25806207">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Negara&oldid=25806207</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara" title="Kategori:Negara">Negara</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Galat_CS1:_pranala_luar" title="Kategori:Galat CS1: pranala luar">Galat CS1: pranala luar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Tampilkan_authors" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan authors">Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan authors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Menggunakan_parameter_penyunting" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting">Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_yang_menggunakan_pranala_magis_ISBN" title="Kategori:Halaman yang menggunakan pranala magis ISBN">Halaman yang menggunakan pranala magis ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" 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