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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">Charles Darwin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg/250px-Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg/375px-Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg/500px-Charles_Robert_Darwin_by_John_Collier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3124" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Artist</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/John_Collier_(painter)" title="John Collier (painter)">John Collier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Year</th><td class="infobox-data">1883</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Medium</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">Oil on canvas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">125.7 cm × 96.5 cm (49.5 in × 38.0 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Charles Darwin</b></i> is the title of two oil on canvas portraits by English painter <a href="/wiki/John_Collier_(painter)" title="John Collier (painter)">John Collier</a>. The first is from 1881 and is held at the <a href="/wiki/Linnean_Society_of_London" title="Linnean Society of London">Linnean Society of London</a>, while the second, and better known version, is from 1883, and is at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a>, in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NPG_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_description">History and description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Darwin_(Collier)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The naturalist <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> was 72 years old when he sat for the original portrait in 1881, the year before his death. The Linnean Society decided to commission a portrait which they believed would be the ultimate likeness of him. He is depicted as a bald and white bearded old man, standing against a dark background, while looking directly at the viewer, dressed in a loose cloak and holding his hat in his left hand. The second version, made two years later, and the year following Darwin's death, was considered an improvement upon the original. People who knew Darwin better were impressed with its resemblance and realism, and many of them believed that this was the best portrait ever made of him. This was also the scientist's own opinion, according to his son, Francis Darwin: "Many of those who knew his face most intimately, think that Mr Collier's picture is the best of the portraits and in this judgement the sitter himself was inclined to agree."<sup id="cite_ref-NPG_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Darwin, in fact, stated that "Collier was the most considerate, kind and pleasant painter a sitter could desire."<sup id="cite_ref-NPG_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The portrait became very popular and was widely reproduced afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provenance">Provenance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Darwin_(Collier)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Provenance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The portrait held at the National Portrait Gallery was offered by <a href="/wiki/William_Erasmus_Darwin" title="William Erasmus Darwin">William Erasmus Darwin</a>, in 1896, 13 years after the death of Darwin.<sup id="cite_ref-NPG_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPG-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Darwin_(Collier)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NPG-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NPG_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPG_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPG_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPG_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw01728/Charles-Darwin">Charles Darwin, National Portrait Gallery</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Cooper, <i>A Guide to the National Portrait Gallery</i>, 2009, p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis Darwin, <i>The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Including an Autobiographical Chapter · Volume 3</i>, Harvard University, 1887, pp. 222-223</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elinor Shaffer, Thomas F. Glick, <i>The Literary and Cultural Reception of Charles Darwin in Europe</i>, Bloomsbury Publishing, p. 141</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/118-john-collier-oil-linnean">About Darwin - Portraits of Charles Darwin: a catalogue 1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean, Darwin Correspondence Project, University of Cambridge</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="John_Collier" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Collier" title="Template:John Collier"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Collier" title="Template talk:John Collier"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Collier" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Collier"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Collier" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/John_Collier_(painter)" title="John Collier (painter)">John Collier</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pre-Raphaelite_paintings#John_Collier" title="List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings">Paintings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles Darwin</a></i> (1881; 1883)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Voyage_of_Henry_Hudson" title="The Last Voyage of Henry Hudson">The Last Voyage of Henry Hudson</a></i> (1881)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra_(Collier)" title="Clytemnestra (Collier)">Clytemnestra</a></i> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilith_(painting)" title="Lilith (painting)"><i>Lilith</i> (1889)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Godiva_(painting)" title="Lady Godiva (painting)"><i>Lady Godiva</i> (1898)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Campbell_McInnes_(painting)" title="Mrs Campbell McInnes (painting)">Mrs Campbell McInnes</a></i> (1912)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Collier" title="Laurence Collier">Laurence Collier (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Collier,_1st_Baron_Monkswell" title="Robert Collier, 1st Baron Monkswell">Robert Collier (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Darwin_(Collier)&oldid=1250700113">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_Darwin_(Collier)&oldid=1250700113</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1881_paintings" title="Category:1881 paintings">1881 paintings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1882_paintings" title="Category:1882 paintings">1882 paintings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_by_John_Collier" title="Category:Paintings by John Collier">Paintings by John Collier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cultural_depictions_of_Charles_Darwin" title="Category:Cultural depictions of Charles Darwin">Cultural depictions of Charles Darwin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portraits_of_men" title="Category:Portraits of men">Portraits of men</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_in_the_National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="Category:Paintings in the National Portrait Gallery, London">Paintings in the National Portrait Gallery, London</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from 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