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id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-聖訓學的重要性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#聖訓學的重要性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>聖訓學的重要性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-聖訓學的重要性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-傳述世系與聖訓正文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#傳述世系與聖訓正文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>傳述世系與聖訓正文</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-傳述世系與聖訓正文-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关傳述世系與聖訓正文子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-傳述世系與聖訓正文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-傳述世系的重要性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#傳述世系的重要性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>傳述世系的重要性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-傳述世系的重要性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-傳述者生平真偽鑑定" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#傳述者生平真偽鑑定"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>傳述者生平真偽鑑定</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-傳述者生平真偽鑑定-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-史學方法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#史學方法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>史學方法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-史學方法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-遜尼派的聖訓學簡史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#遜尼派的聖訓學簡史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>遜尼派的聖訓學簡史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-遜尼派的聖訓學簡史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">聖訓學</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。21种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="علم الحديث – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الحديث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%99%D2%99%D0%B8%D1%81_%D2%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Хәҙис ғилеме – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хәҙис ғилеме" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="হাদিস শিক্ষা – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাদিস শিক্ষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia_del_hadit" title="Ciència del hadit – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciència del hadit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="فەرموودەناسی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فەرموودەناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadith_sciences" title="Hadith sciences – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hadith sciences" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia_del_hadiz" title="Ciencia del hadiz – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencia del hadiz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB" title="علم حدیث – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علم حدیث" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_du_hadith" title="Science du hadith – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science du hadith" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA%27" title="מדע החדית' – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדע החדית'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulum_hadis" title="Ulum hadis – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ulum hadis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81_%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Хадис ғылымы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хадис ғылымы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulum_hadis" title="Ulum hadis – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ulum hadis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB" title="علم حدیث – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="علم حدیث" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_de_hadis" title="Știința de hadis – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Știința de hadis" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Хадисоведение – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хадисоведение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8" title="حديثي ادب – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="حديثي ادب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Илми ҳадис – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Илми ҳадис" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A9" title="อุลูม อัลหะดีษ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุลูม อัลหะดีษ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AB" title="علم حدیث – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="علم حدیث" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadis_ilmi" title="Hadis ilmi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hadis ilmi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2737409#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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.sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="border:1px solid #060;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Category:伊斯兰教">系列</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="伊斯兰法学原理">伊斯蘭法學原理</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #686;background:rgb(220,245,220);border-bottom:1px solid #686;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教法學">法學</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E7%B5%B1" title="教統">教統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%B6%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%94" title="伊制玛尔">伊制瑪爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%99%BA%E6%8F%90%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="伊智提哈德">伊智提哈德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%B5%AB%E6%8F%90%E6%8B%89%E5%BC%97" title="伊赫提拉弗">伊赫提拉弗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯提赫拉勒" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="استحلال"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%8F%90%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯提赫拉勒（页面不存在）">伊斯提赫拉勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" class="extiw" title="ar:استحلال"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">استحلال</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%8F%90%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91" title="伊斯提哈桑">伊斯提哈桑</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯提斯哈布" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="استصحاب"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E5%B8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯提斯哈布（页面不存在）">伊斯提斯哈布</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8" class="extiw" title="ar:استصحاب"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">استصحاب</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%B9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%83" title="麦兹海布">麥茲海布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="伊斯蘭學校">伊斯蘭學校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%AF%97%E8%B5%96%E6%B5%B7" title="麦诗赖海">麥詩賴海</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="格雅斯" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="قياس (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%85%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格雅斯（页面不存在）">格雅斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:قياس (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">قياس (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%BE%B7" title="塔格利德">塔格利德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐爾夫" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="عرف (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐爾夫（页面不存在）">歐爾夫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:عرف (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">عرف (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #686;background:rgb(220,245,220);border-bottom:1px solid #686;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿堪" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الأحكام التكليفية"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%A0%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿堪（页面不存在）">裁決</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:الأحكام التكليفية"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الأحكام التكليفية</span></a></span>）</span></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法爾德 (伊斯蘭法)" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فرض"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法爾德 (伊斯蘭法)（页面不存在）">法爾德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6" class="extiw" title="ar:فرض"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فرض</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆斯台哈卜" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="المندوب"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%93%88%E5%8D%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯台哈卜（页面不存在）">穆斯台哈卜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8" class="extiw" title="ar:المندوب"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">المندوب</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F" title="清真">清真</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆巴哈" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مباح"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆巴哈（页面不存在）">穆巴哈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD" class="extiw" title="ar:مباح"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مباح</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麥克盧哈" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مكروه"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E7%9B%A7%E5%93%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麥克盧哈（页面不存在）">麥克盧哈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87" class="extiw" title="ar:مكروه"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مكروه</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="哈拉姆">哈拉姆</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴力格" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="بلوغ (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8A%9B%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴力格（页面不存在）">巴力格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:بلوغ (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">بلوغ (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴推勒" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="باطل (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%8E%A8%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴推勒（页面不存在）">巴推勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:باطل (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">باطل (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比達阿" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="بدعة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E9%81%94%E9%98%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比達阿（页面不存在）">比達阿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:بدعة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">بدعة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法希沙" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فاحشة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法希沙（页面不存在）">法希沙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:فاحشة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فاحشة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法西格" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فاسق"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法西格（页面不存在）">法西格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%82" class="extiw" title="ar:فاسق"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فاسق</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菲特納" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فتنة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E7%B4%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菲特納（页面不存在）">菲特納</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:فتنة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فتنة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="發撒德" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="فساد (فقه)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BC%E6%92%92%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="發撒德（页面不存在）">發撒德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" class="extiw" title="ar:فساد (فقه)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">فساد (فقه)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="對於罪行的伊斯蘭法學觀點" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="دیدگاه_اسلام_در_مورد_گناه"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E6%96%BC%E7%BD%AA%E8%A1%8C%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對於罪行的伊斯蘭法學觀點（页面不存在）">古納亥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%87" class="extiw" title="fa:دیدگاه اسلام در مورد گناه"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">دیدگاه_اسلام_در_مورد_گناه</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈亞" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حياء"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E4%BA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈亞（页面不存在）">哈亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" class="extiw" title="ar:حياء"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حياء</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯拉" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="إصلاح إسلامي"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯拉（页面不存在）">伊斯拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:إصلاح إسلامي"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">إصلاح إسلامي</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="依斯蒂法" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="استغفار"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="依斯蒂法（页面不存在）">依斯蒂法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1" class="extiw" title="ar:استغفار"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">استغفار</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希拉巴" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حرابة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希拉巴（页面不存在）">希拉巴</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:حرابة"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حرابة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊拉提什哈德" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="عملیات استشهادی"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E6%8F%90%E4%BB%80%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊拉提什哈德（页面不存在）">伊拉提什哈德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="fa:عملیات استشهادی"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">عملیات استشهادی</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="吉哈德">吉哈德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A1%8C" title="聖行">聖行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%94%AB%E7%BB%A5%E9%B2%81" title="太甫绥鲁">太甫綏魯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大歐特" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الطاغوت"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%90%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大歐特（页面不存在）">大歐特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="ar:الطاغوت"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الطاغوت</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E" title="塔基亞">塔基亞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="討白" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="التوبة في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%8E%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="討白（页面不存在）">討白</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:التوبة في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">التوبة في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="泰茲基耶" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="تزكية (صوفية)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%B0%E8%8C%B2%E5%9F%BA%E8%80%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泰茲基耶（页面不存在）">泰茲基耶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9)" class="extiw" title="ar:تزكية (صوفية)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">تزكية (صوفية)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="色瓦布" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="ثواب"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%B2%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="色瓦布（页面不存在）">色瓦布</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8" class="extiw" title="ar:ثواب"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">ثواب</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瓦薩特" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="وسطية (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%A6%E8%96%A9%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓦薩特（页面不存在）">瓦薩特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:وسطية (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">وسطية (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #686;background:rgb(220,245,220);border-bottom:1px solid #686;"> 法職與頭銜</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD" title="謝赫伊斯蘭">謝赫伊斯蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E7%BE%A9%E5%BE%B7" title="賽義德">賽義德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%AB" title="谢里夫">谢里夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%AB" title="谢里夫">阿沙夫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈茲拉特" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حضرة (لقب)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%8C%B2%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈茲拉特（页面不存在）">哈茲拉特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" class="extiw" title="ar:حضرة (لقب)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حضرة (لقب)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A8%87" title="阿訇">阿訇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9F%BA%E8%B5%AB" title="法基赫">法基赫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拉瑪" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="علامة (لقب)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E7%91%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拉瑪（页面不存在）">阿拉瑪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" class="extiw" title="ar:علامة (لقب)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">علامة (لقب)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%AB%E6%8F%90" title="穆夫提">穆夫提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%AB%E6%8F%90" title="大穆夫提">大穆夫提</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="霍賈特伊斯蘭" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="حجة الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%B4%BE%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="霍贾特伊斯兰">霍賈特伊斯蘭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:حجة الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">حجة الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%99%BA%E6%8F%90%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="伊智提哈德">穆智提哈德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85%E7%AD%89%E7%BA%A7" title="什叶派宗教学者等级">阿亞圖拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E8%B3%88" title="馬爾賈">馬爾賈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%8F%B2%E8%8C%B2_(%E7%A8%B1%E8%AC%82)" title="哈菲茲 (稱謂)">哈菲茲</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="侯加" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="حجت"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%AF%E5%8A%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="侯加（页面不存在）">侯加</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="fa:حجت"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">حجت</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86_(%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%B7)" title="哈基姆 (称号)">哈基姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%8E%9B%E7%9B%AE" title="伊玛目">伊玛目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%8B%89" title="毛拉">毛拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="马赫迪">马赫迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%8B%89%E9%9F%A6" title="毛拉韦">毛拉韋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%8E%A8%E5%B8%83" title="海推布">海推布</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈瓦賈" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="خواجه"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%93%A6%E8%B3%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈瓦賈（页面不存在）">哈瓦賈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%87" class="extiw" title="fa:خواجه"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">خواجه</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3" title="毛拉纳">毛拉納</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%8B%89" title="毛拉">毛喇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%94%AB%E7%BB%A5%E9%B2%81" title="太甫绥鲁">穆法西爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="穆里希德">穆里希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%88%BE_(%E7%A8%B1%E8%AC%82)" title="皮爾 (稱謂)">皮爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E9%87%8C_(%E9%A0%AD%E9%8A%9C)" title="瓦里 (頭銜)">瓦里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A8%87" title="阿訇">阿洪</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">穆罕底斯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆加迪迪" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مجدد (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E5%8A%A0%E8%BF%AA%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆加迪迪（页面不存在）">穆加迪迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AF%D8%AF_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:مجدد (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مجدد (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA_(%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98)" title="卡迪 (法官)">卡迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%B5%AB_(%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%B7)" title="谢赫 (称号)">謝赫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬拉布特" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="مرابط (تصوف)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬拉布特（页面不存在）">馬拉布特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%81)" class="extiw" title="ar:مرابط (تصوف)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">مرابط (تصوف)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="烏里阿姆爾" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="ولي الأمر في الإسلام"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%8F%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烏里阿姆爾（页面不存在）">烏里阿姆爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:ولي الأمر في الإسلام"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">ولي الأمر في الإسلام</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7" title="烏斯塔德">烏斯塔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%AE%89%E6%B4%A5" title="穆安津">穆安津</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="穆里德">穆里德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%88%B0%E8%80%85" title="聖戰者">聖戰者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%BD%8A" title="加齊">加齊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="沙希德">沙希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%90%89" title="哈吉">哈吉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E5%A3%AB" title="辅士">辅士</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="賽萊夫" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="سلف (إسلام)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%BD%E8%90%8A%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="賽萊夫（页面不存在）">賽萊夫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%81_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" class="extiw" title="ar:سلف (إسلام)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">سلف (إسلام)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%93%88%E5%B7%B4" title="薩哈巴">薩哈巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5%E5%90%8C%E4%BC%B4%E8%BF%BD%E9%9A%8F%E8%80%85" title="先知同伴追随者">塔比文</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三傳弟子" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="تابعو التابعين"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%82%B3%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三傳弟子（页面不存在）">三傳弟子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:تابعو التابعين"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">تابعو التابعين</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大傳教師" data-lang-code="fa" data-lang-name="波斯語" data-foreign-title="داعی مطلق"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%82%B3%E6%95%99%E5%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大傳教師（页面不存在）">大傳教師</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波斯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82" class="extiw" title="fa:داعی مطلق"><span lang="fa" dir="auto">داعی مطلق</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="朵拉" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯语" data-foreign-title="الدولة (لقب)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B5%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朵拉（页面不存在）">朵拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" class="extiw" title="ar:الدولة (لقب)"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">الدولة (لقب)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="Template:伊斯蘭法學原理"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:伊斯蘭法學原理（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:伊斯蘭法學原理"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>聖訓學</b>是穆斯林學者用來甄別<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93" title="聖訓">聖訓</a>真偽的學門。在聖訓學裡，傳述世系（sanad）與正文（matn）兩者都是很重要的概念。聖訓學就是要研究傳述世系與聖訓正文的真偽，藉以甄別出可靠的「正訓」（sahih）。「正訓」的意思就是「道地的」，用來作為聖訓集的名稱時中文一般翻譯為「實錄」，例如《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="布哈里聖訓實錄">布哈里聖訓實錄</a>》（Sahih al-Bukhari）與《穆斯林聖訓實錄》（Sahih Muslim）。但“sahih”這個字未必用來作為聖訓集的名稱，有的直接使用「聖行」（sunnah）一字，意思是記載<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7" title="穆罕默德">穆罕默德</a>的言行，例如《<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%90%BE%E5%BE%B7%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E9%9B%86" title="艾布·達吾德聖訓集">艾布·達吾德聖訓集</a>》（Sunan Abi Dawood）與《<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%AF%86%E6%BF%9F%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E9%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵密濟聖訓集">鐵密濟聖訓集</a>》（Sunan al-Tirmidhi）<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊本·哈吉爾·阿斯卡拉尼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊本·哈吉爾·阿斯卡拉尼（页面不存在）">伊本·哈吉爾·阿斯卡拉尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" class="extiw" title="en:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani</span></a></span>）</span></span>認為這樣的定義比較好：聖訓學是一種知識，傳述者與傳述的內容都必須確認無誤。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="聖訓學的重要性"><span id=".E8.81.96.E8.A8.93.E5.AD.B8.E7.9A.84.E9.87.8D.E8.A6.81.E6.80.A7"></span>聖訓學的重要性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：聖訓學的重要性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><mark class="template-facttext" title="需要提供文献来源">讓信徒們開始明白，由過去的歷史來驗證現今發生的一切事情。</mark><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allah_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="阿拉伯文書法中的阿拉"><img alt="阿拉伯文書法中的阿拉" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/110px-Allah_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/165px-Allah_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Allah_logo.svg/220px-Allah_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教神學">信仰</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E" title="伊斯兰教的神">神</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%8D%E4%B8%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="認主學">獨一性</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5" title="伊斯蘭教的先知">先知</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8" title="伊斯蘭教聖書">啟示之書</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="伊斯兰教中的天使">天使</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教宿命論">宿命論</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教末世論">末日審判</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8A%9F" title="五功">習俗</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="清真言">證信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="礼拜 (伊斯兰教)">禮拜</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8B%E6%88%92_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="齋戒 (伊斯蘭教)">齋戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%AA%B2" title="天課">施捨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%A7%90_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="朝觐 (伊斯兰教)">朝覲</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%8D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教典籍列表">典籍</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">法律</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F" title="古兰经">古兰经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A1%8C" title="聖行">聖行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93" title="聖訓">聖訓</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95" title="伊斯蘭教法">沙里亞 <small>（法律）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教法學">費格赫 <small>（法學）</small></a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰教义学">凱拉姆 <small>（辯證）</small></a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="伊斯兰教历史">歷史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="伊斯蘭教歷史年表">年表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7" title="穆罕默德">穆罕默德</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%A3%94" title="聖裔">聖裔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%93%88%E5%B7%B4" title="薩哈巴">薩哈巴</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="正统哈里发时期">正統哈里發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%91%AA%E7%9B%AE%E6%95%99%E7%BE%A9" title="伊瑪目教義">伊瑪目教義</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC%E5%9C%8B" title="哈里發國">哈里發國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD" title="伊斯蘭教的傳播">傳播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與奴隸">奴隸制度</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE" title="伊斯蘭教派">教派</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">遜尼派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="蘇非主義">蘇非主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%BE" title="伊巴德派">伊巴德派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E7%8D%A8%E5%8F%A4%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93" title="唯獨古蘭經">唯獨古蘭經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%88%E5%BA%95%E4%BA%9A" title="阿赫迈底亚">阿赫迈底亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="美國伊斯蘭教">黑人穆斯林運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="无教派穆斯林">無教派</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="伊斯兰文化">文化</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="穆斯林世界">社會</a></div><div 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href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="伊斯蘭教節日">節日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="清真寺">清真寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰哲学">哲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="伊斯兰教与政治">政治</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E7%93%A6_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="達瓦 (伊斯蘭教)">宣教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教與科學">科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93" title="伊斯蘭教與人道">社會福利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%A6%E5%A5%B3%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="婦女與伊斯蘭教">婦女</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" title="LGBT與伊斯蘭教">LGBT</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="Category:伊斯兰教">相關主題</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對伊斯蘭教的批評">批評</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯蘭教與其他宗教（页面不存在）">其他宗教</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰主义">伊斯兰主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%9E%81%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰极端主义">伊斯蘭極端主義</a></li> 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sentence flow. The first definition mentioned is that of Iz al-Din Ibn al-Jama’ah as Suyuti clarifies in al-Bahr althi Zakhr, vol. 1, pg. 227, Maktabah al-Guraba al-Athariyah. The statement of Ibn Hajr is mentioned, however, minus a few words present in his Nuqat Ala Kitab Ibn al-Salah, vol. 1, pg. 89, Maktabah al-Furqan which I referred to.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E8%A8%93%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 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