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Television licensing in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia
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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of the television licensing system of Ireland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG/220px-Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG/330px-Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG/440px-Ireland_television_licence_2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2460" data-file-height="3463" /></a><figcaption>The physical licence is a document issued by An Post</figcaption></figure> <p>In <b>Ireland</b>, a <b><a href="/wiki/Television_licence" title="Television licence">television licence</a></b> is required for any address at which there is a television set. Since 2016, the annual licence fee is €160.<sup id="cite_ref-anpost_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anpost-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Revenue is collected by <a href="/wiki/An_Post" title="An Post">An Post</a>, the Irish postal service. The bulk of the fee is used to fund <a href="/wiki/Raidi%C3%B3_Teilif%C3%ADs_%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Raidió Teilifís Éireann">Raidió Teilifís Éireann</a> (RTÉ), the <a href="/wiki/State_broadcaster" class="mw-redirect" title="State broadcaster">state broadcaster</a>. The licence must be paid for any premises that has any equipment that can potentially decode TV signals, even those that are not RTÉ's. The licence is free to anyone over the age of 70, some over 66, some <a href="/wiki/Social_Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Welfare">Social Welfare</a> recipients, and <a href="/wiki/Blindness" class="mw-redirect" title="Blindness">the blind</a>. The fee for the licences of such beneficiaries is paid for by the state. The current governing legislation is the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_Act_2009" title="Broadcasting Act 2009">Broadcasting Act 2009</a>, in particular Part 9 "Television Licence" and Chapter 5 "Allocation of Public Funding to RTÉ and TG4". Devices which stream <a href="/wiki/Internet_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet television">television via internet</a> do not need licences, nor do small portable devices such as mobile phones.<sup id="cite_ref-si20090319_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si20090319-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_31st_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 31st Dáil">FG-Labour coalition</a> planned to replace the television licence with a <b>Public Service Broadcasting Charge</b> on all primary residences and certain businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psbcConsultation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A public consultation document on the plan was published in August 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psbcConsultation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asked in December 2014 about the delay in switching from the licence to the new charge, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Minister of State (Ireland)">Minister of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_McHugh" title="Joe McHugh">Joe McHugh</a> said the government would "be taking more time to work out a very complex system".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Implementation of the broadcasting charge was postponed in 2015 but returned to the political agenda in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2019, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bruton" title="Richard Bruton">Richard Bruton</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Minister for Communications</a>, announced that from 2024 the licence fee would be replaced by "a device independent broadcasting charge", with implementation and enforcement details to be worked out in the interim.<sup id="cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cionnaith20190802-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collection_and_evasion">Collection and evasion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Collection and evasion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Post is responsible for collection of the licence fee and commencement of <a href="/wiki/Prosecution" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosecution">prosecution</a> proceedings in cases of non-payment. Licences can be purchased and renewed at post offices (in person or by post), or by using a credit card or <a href="/wiki/Debit_card" title="Debit card">debit card</a> via a <a href="/wiki/Call_centre" title="Call centre">call centre</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electronic_commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic commerce">via the internet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-anpost_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anpost-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An Post receives commission to cover the cost of its collection service. In 2004, An Post had signalled its intention to withdraw from the business,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was still the agent in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-headsofbill2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-headsofbill2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-it1517596_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it1517596-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, 10.25% of licensees were paid by <a href="/wiki/Direct_debit" title="Direct debit">direct debit</a> and 11.5% using <a href="/wiki/Savings_stamps" class="mw-redirect" title="Savings stamps">savings stamps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-it1517596_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it1517596-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Broadcasting (Amendment) Bill 2017 proposes to allow <a href="/wiki/Public_tender" class="mw-redirect" title="Public tender">public tender</a> for additional collection agents, who would not have prosecution powers.<sup id="cite_ref-headsofbill2017_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-headsofbill2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2017 Oireachtas committee report recommends transferred responsibility for collection to the <a href="/wiki/Revenue_Commissioners" title="Revenue Commissioners">Revenue Commissioners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019 minister Bruton announced a public tender for all licence-fee collection for the five years to 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lynott20190803_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynott20190803-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even if An Post loses the contract, it will still be possible to pay for television licences at post offices.<sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, commentators have suggested the potential loss of income may compromise the commercial viability of rural post offices, which are seen as socially important in isolated communities.<sup id="cite_ref-horganjones20190803_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horganjones20190803-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An Post maintains a database of addresses and uses this to inspect suspected cases of non-payment. As of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the database is 30 years old, does not contain <a href="/wiki/Eircode" class="mw-redirect" title="Eircode">Eircode</a> data, and has no <a href="/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining">data mining</a> capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-horganjones20190803_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horganjones20190803-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Television dealers are required to supply details of people buying or renting televisions; this is no longer enforced as details supplied were unreliable.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no obligation on <a href="/wiki/Cable_television_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Cable television in the Republic of Ireland">cable and satellite providers</a> to supply details of subscribers;<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in November 2012, a <a href="/wiki/Bill_(proposed_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill (proposed law)">bill</a> to change this was introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Minister for Communications, Energy and Natural Resources</a> <a href="/wiki/Pat_Rabbitte" title="Pat Rabbitte">Pat Rabbitte</a> announced a planned government bill to the same effect in July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2015, the proposal was to allow An Post to access cable and satellite subscriber databases, in tandem with cost-cutting at RTÉ;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in October 2015 it was reported that the plan had been shelved.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More than 90 An Post employees work in licence collection, including the inspectors, who visit the premises to verify if TV receiving equipment is present.<sup id="cite_ref-horganjones20190803_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horganjones20190803-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If speedy payment of the licence is not made following an inspection, court proceedings are commenced by An Post.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, the rate of licence-fee evasion was estimated at 12%.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> region in that year, approximately 21% of detected evaders were <a href="/wiki/Summons" title="Summons">summonsed</a> for prosecution (6,000 cases);<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> approximately one third of these cases resulted in fines, averaging €174.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only 4% of fined evaders followed up three months later had purchased a licence.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, there were 11,500 prosecutions, up 10% over 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-it1517596_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it1517596-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of those convicted, 242 were sent to jail, most for a few hours, six overnight.<sup id="cite_ref-it1517596_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it1517596-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This compared with 49 jailed in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-it1517596_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it1517596-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Irish Times</i> reported in 2019 that the <a href="/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(law)" title="Burden of proof (law)">burden of proof</a> for conviction was high, since proof of occupancy is needed before issue of a summons, which must then be personally served.<sup id="cite_ref-horganjones20190803_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horganjones20190803-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the Secretary General of the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Communications,_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources">Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources</a> told the <a href="/wiki/Public_Accounts_Committee_(Ireland)" title="Public Accounts Committee (Ireland)">Oireachtas Public Accounts Committee</a> that the evasion rate was estimated at 12%, and the renewed contract with An Post would include provision for a 1 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">percentage point</a> annual decrease in this.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2016 the evasion rate was estimated at 13.75%, representing approximately €40m annual lost revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The estimated evasion rate was 14.1% in 2017 and 12.83% in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-Lynott20190803_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynott20190803-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disbursement">Disbursement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Disbursement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TV licence fees make up 50% of the income of RTÉ. The bulk of the rest comes from RTÉ broadcasting <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">commercials</a> on its radio and TV stations.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> RTÉ also sells programming to other broadcasting. Some RTÉ services, such as <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_2fm" title="RTÉ 2fm">RTÉ 2fm</a>, <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Aertel" title="RTÉ Aertel">RTÉ Aertel</a>, <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89.ie" title="RTÉ.ie">RTÉ.ie</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/2RN_(RT%C3%89_Networks)" title="2RN (RTÉ Networks)">transmission network</a> operate on an entirely commercial basis. </p><p>The licence fee does not entirely go to RTÉ. Expenses first deducted include the cost of collection (paid to An Post). </p><p>7% of the balance is used for Coimisiún na Meán's "Sound and Vision Scheme", which provides a fund for programme production and restoration of archive material which is open to applications from any quarter.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/TG4" title="TG4">TG4</a> does not obtain licence fee revenue directly,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but does so indirectly as RTÉ is required to provide it with one hour's programming per day,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as other technical support. RTÉ's accounts express the cost of this as a percentage of its licence fee income,<sup id="cite_ref-rpt2004_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt2004-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amounting to 5.3% in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remainder of TG4's funding is direct state grants<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and commercial income.<sup id="cite_ref-rpt2004_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt2004-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2009 <a href="/wiki/McCarthy_Report" title="McCarthy Report">McCarthy Report</a>, commissioned in response to <a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_economic_downturn" title="Post-2008 Irish economic downturn">a growing economic crisis</a>, recommended that €10m of TG4's funding should in future come from licence fee revenue;<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> without increasing the fee, this would entail a matching reduction in RTÉ's funding.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This reduction is included in the <a href="/wiki/Government_budget" title="Government budget">government budget</a> introduced in December 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2017 Oireachtas committee report recommended that any increase in revenue from reduction in fee evasion should be allocated to TG4 and independent broadcasters providing public-service programming.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The RTÉ Authority was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_Authority_of_Ireland" title="Broadcasting Authority of Ireland">Broadcasting Authority of Ireland</a> which regulates both private and public broadcasters. It is not directly funded from the licence fee; RTÉ, however, in common with other broadcasters, pays a levy to the Authority for its services.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Broadcasting (Amendment) Bill 2019 would allow up to 50% of the BAI's funding to come directly from the television licence.<sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The licence has been criticised both in principle and as regards its implementation. </p><p>It is opposed for being outdated in a world with an increasing variety of TV channels and audio-visual technologies.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commercial television companies have alleged that RTÉ unfairly uses licence fee to outbid them for broadcast rights to foreign films, TV series, and sports events. RTÉ denies this. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/European_Community_competition_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community competition law">European Community competition law</a> prevents state funding of commercial activity, and RTÉ's accounts charge for non-"<a href="/wiki/Public_broadcasting" title="Public broadcasting">public service</a>" programming out of its commercial income rather than its licence fee subsidy. </p><p>The licence is condemned as a <a href="/wiki/Regressive_tax" title="Regressive tax">regressive tax</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ryan2003_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryan2003-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the majority of prosecutions are of people on low incomes. </p><p>The high cost of collection is presented as inefficient.<sup id="cite_ref-fg2007_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fg2007-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Licence inspectors' calling to people's doors is seen as intrusive.<sup id="cite_ref-fg2007_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fg2007-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The low rate of prosecution of non-payers is seen as allowing evaders a "free ride".<sup id="cite_ref-ryan2003_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryan2003-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fg2007_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fg2007-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lack of an exemption (as exists in the UK) for those who can prove they don't use their equipment to receive RTÉ (or any TV) is regarded as unfair. Alternative funding methods suggested include direct funding from general exchequer revenues,<sup id="cite_ref-ryan2003_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryan2003-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fg2007_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fg2007-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a <a href="/wiki/Tax" title="Tax">levy</a> on electricity bills on the model of <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. </p><p>A licence is required per address, rather than per person or per set. It has been considered unfair that the same licence fee applies to a single private dwelling as to a large commercial address, such as a hotel or a privately owned business park. In 2003, there was negative comment after a crackdown on unlicensed television sets at holiday homes,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and proposals for a reduced-rate licence for seldom-occupied premises.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>RTÉ journalists largely support the existence of the licence, and lobby for greater increases in the fee, as being a revenue stream independent of the government and thus guaranteeing freedom from political influence and associated editorial bias.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The opposite claim has also been made: that an annual review of the licence fee by the Government leaves RTÉ liable to political pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-ryan2003_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ryan2003-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A survey of public attitudes to public-sector broadcasting was carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Social_Research_Institute" title="Economic and Social Research Institute">Economic and Social Research Institute</a> in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The authors noted that "public discontent at the level and inherently regressive nature of the <a href="/wiki/Ad_rem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad rem">ad rem</a> licence fee is noticeable by its absence, particularly in contrast to the difficulties associated with the introduction of some ad rem service charges, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Waste_collection" title="Waste collection">bin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water</a> charges."<sup id="cite_ref-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The associated opinion poll recorded agree:disagree percentages of 54:29 for the statement "Public Broadcasting should be financed by the licence fee."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Respondents were asked what level of monthly fee they would be prepared to pay to receive RTÉ if subscription access were hypothetically to replace the licence fee: the annualised <a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_mean" title="Arithmetic mean">mean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Median" title="Median">median</a> household figures were €180 and €252.60, compared to the then licence fee of €150, with those who frequently watched RTÉ programs most willing to pay.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Television licences were introduced for the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Telef%C3%ADs_%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Telefís Éireann">Telefís Éireann</a> (now RTÉ) in 1962. Radio licences, abolished in 1972, had been introduced by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> in 1904<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> prior to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State</a> in 1922. Non-compliance was widespread until the <a href="/wiki/Wireless_Telegraphy_Act_1926" title="Wireless Telegraphy Act 1926">Wireless Telegraphy Act 1926</a> when the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a> was empowered to <a href="/wiki/Prosecute" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosecute">prosecute</a> those with no licence.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although before 1962 there was no television licence as such, a television set fell under the definition of "wireless receiver"; thus someone possessing a television but no radio would have needed a wireless licence at the same fee as someone with a radio.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conversely between 1962 and 1972, the possessor of a television licence did not need an additional radio licence. </p><p>In 1975, members of <a href="/wiki/Conradh_na_Gaeilge" title="Conradh na Gaeilge">Conradh na Gaeilge</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish language</a> activist group, began campaigning for an Irish-language television station. They adopted tactics learnt from <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh language</a> activists of <a href="/wiki/Cymdeithas_yr_Iaith_Gymraeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg">Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg</a>, including non-payment of the television licence, and non-payment of fines imposed for not having a licence. Between 1973-1993, a total of 15 people were imprisoned for terms of between 2 and 14 days for non-payment of the licence fee and associated fine.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among them were <a href="/wiki/Alan_Heusaff" title="Alan Heusaff">Alan Heusaff</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_%C3%93_Baoill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Ó Baoill (page does not exist)">Brian Ó Baoill</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_%C3%93_Baoill" class="extiw" title="ga:Brian Ó Baoill">ga</a>]</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Mac_St%C3%ADof%C3%A1in" title="Seán Mac Stíofáin">Seán Mac Stíofáin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This campaign of <a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">civil disobedience</a> ended in 1996 with the establishment of Telefís na Gaeilge (now <a href="/wiki/TG4" title="TG4">TG4</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Century_Radio" title="Century Radio">Century Radio</a>, Ireland's first licensed national solely private-sector broadcaster, began broadcasting in 1990. Minister <a href="/wiki/Ray_Burke_(Irish_politician)" title="Ray Burke (Irish politician)">Ray Burke</a> proposed allocating 25% of the television licence revenues to private-sector broadcasters. The government rejected this, but agreed instead to cap RTÉ's advertising income. <a href="/wiki/Mahon_Tribunal#Ray_Burke" title="Mahon Tribunal">A tribunal of enquiry later established</a> that <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Barry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver Barry (page does not exist)">Oliver Barry</a>, an investor in Century Radio, had given Burke a political donation of £30,000. The advertising cap was lifted in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-1990s, proposals were floated to distribute funding (licence fee income or otherwise) among broadcasters based on content production, on <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_On_Air" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand On Air">the model of New Zealand</a>. RTÉ successfully persuaded Minister <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a> against such a change;<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the Sound & Vision scheme now operated effectively provides this, at a low level. RTÉ provide 7% (increased from 5% in 2009<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) of the licence fee to the Sound and Vision fund which is managed by the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_Authority_of_Ireland" title="Broadcasting Authority of Ireland">Broadcasting Authority of Ireland</a> (BAI). RTÉ are required by law to commission independent productions with at least 20% of their total licence and 365 hours of programming a year to TG4. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_convergence">Media convergence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Media convergence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The definition of television in the original licensing legislation presumed a wireless radio broadcast receiver, and it was unclear whether it extended to computers, Internet devices, <a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G mobile phones</a>, or other newer technologies. In April 2007, then <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Communications,_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Communications, Energy and Natural Resources">Minister for Communications, Energy and Natural Resources</a> <a href="/wiki/Noel_Dempsey" title="Noel Dempsey">Noel Dempsey</a> proposed modernising the definition to include newer technologies<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_Joint_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Oireachtas Joint Committee">Oireachtas Joint Committee</a> on Communications, Marine and Natural Resources cautioned against too broad a definition:<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Joint Committee notes that the proposed changes to the definition and interpretation as to what constitutes a television set could have adverse effects on <a href="/wiki/Celtic_Tiger" title="Celtic Tiger">the perception of Ireland as a global leader in technological developments</a>. The Joint Committee accepts that the introduction of additional forms of licence fee collection, in that regard, could negatively impact on the business sector.</p></blockquote> <p>In 2009, a ministerial order under the 2009 Act explicitly exempted two classes of device from the requirement to have a licence; namely, portable devices with small screens such as 3G phones or <a href="/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant" title="Personal digital assistant">PDAs</a>, and devices accessing <a href="/wiki/Streaming_video" class="mw-redirect" title="Streaming video">streaming video</a> services via the internet.<sup id="cite_ref-si20090319_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si20090319-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, computers with <a href="/wiki/TV_tuner_card" title="TV tuner card">TV tuner cards</a> are not exempt.<sup id="cite_ref-si20090319_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si20090319-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2009 Act also provides for on-the-spot <a href="/wiki/Fine_(penalty)" title="Fine (penalty)">fines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil suit">civil suits</a> to be used against those not having a television licence, in response to negative views of the previous use of <a href="/wiki/Criminal_proceedings" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal proceedings">criminal proceedings</a>, including imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The programme agreed by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_31st_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 31st Dáil">Fine Gael–Labour coalition government</a> formed after the <a href="/wiki/2011_Irish_general_election" title="2011 Irish general election">2011 general election</a> states:<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We will examine the role, and collection of, the TV license  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] fee in light of existing and projected convergence of broadcasting technologies, transform the TV licence into a household-based Public Broadcasting Charge applied to all households and applicable businesses, regardless of the device they use to access content and review new ways of TV licence collection, including the possibility of paying in instalments through another utility bill (electricity or telecom), collection by local authorities, Revenue or new contract with An Post.</p></blockquote> <p>In January 2012, minister <a href="/wiki/Pat_Rabbitte" title="Pat Rabbitte">Pat Rabbitte</a> told the Dáil the existing licence model was inadequate both because it failed to take account of new media and because the evasion rate was 15%.<sup id="cite_ref-d20120118_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d20120118-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said his department was studying funding methods of several foreign countries, and was considering using the database being established for the <a href="/wiki/Household_charge" class="mw-redirect" title="Household charge">household charge</a> to collect the broadcasting charge.<sup id="cite_ref-d20120118_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d20120118-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The department commissioned a value-for-money report, completed in April 2013, which found that evasion of the licence fee was increasing and that "the most serious threat to the future effectiveness of the current system is likely to arise from the capacity and convergence of new technology".<sup id="cite_ref-psbrGroup_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psbrGroup-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on the report, the department drafted a consultation document on a proposed new "Public Service Broadcasting Charge" which was published on 27 August 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psbcConsultation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2015, Rabbitte's successor as minister, <a href="/wiki/Alex_White_(Irish_politician)" title="Alex White (Irish politician)">Alex White</a>, said "we cannot replace the TV licence fee with a public service broadcasting charge until we have built public understanding and support for such a move".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A September 2015 report by <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rafter" title="Kevin Rafter">Kevin Rafter</a> for the Independent Broadcasters of Ireland concluded that "Changing viewing habits will continue to undermine the licence fee model."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2017, an Oireachtas committee report recommended a "non-device dependent public service broadcasting charge" per household,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to fund "authoritative, impartial, indigenous, trusted and reputable public service media in Ireland".<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2018 review by <a href="/wiki/Crowe_Horwath" class="mw-redirect" title="Crowe Horwath">Crowe Horwath</a> for the BAI, of funding for public service broadcasters, noted that moving to such a charge would raise "at least two fundamental questions": who should pay how much (individuals, households, commercial properties, hotels) and who should be eligible for funding (over-the-air broadcasters only, or cable/internet content providers as well).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2018 the government set up a cross-departmental Working Group on the Future Funding of Public Service Broadcasting to consider the 2017 Oireachtas committee report.<sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It reported in April 2019 to <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bruton" title="Richard Bruton">Richard Bruton</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Minister for Communications, Climate Action and Environment</a>, and in August 2019 Bruton announced that from 2024 the licence fee would be replaced by "a device independent broadcasting charge", with implementation and enforcement details to be worked out in the interim.<sup id="cite_ref-dccae20190802_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dccae20190802-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cionnaith20190802-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The media noted that the 2024 date would be after the <a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_general_election" title="2024 Irish general election">2024 general election</a>, and that, depending on the collection method chosen, the charge might be "unworkable without opt-in compliance from the public".<sup id="cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cionnaith20190802-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Licence_fee">Licence fee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Licence fee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Increases in the licence fee have been irregular. Only one happened between 1986 and 2001. Later increases were essentially <a href="/wiki/Index-linked" class="mw-redirect" title="Index-linked">index-linked</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with none since the <a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_economic_downturn" title="Post-2008 Irish economic downturn">Irish financial crisis</a> which began in 2008. Section 124 of the 2009 Act enshrines index-linking in law, although only as a recommendation. RTÉ in 2017 suggested an immediate increase to €175 to backdate annual increases forgone since 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2017 Oireachtas committee recommended a review every two years based on a pure CPI formula.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annual fee is set by a <a href="/wiki/Statutory_instrument" title="Statutory instrument">statutory instrument</a> (SI) which remains in force until superseded by a later SI. Relevant fees and SIs are as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">year </th> <th rowspan="2">date </th> <th colspan="2">television </th> <th rowspan="2">radio </th> <th rowspan="2">statute </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Colour_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Colour television">colour</a> </th> <th>monochrome </th></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td>1 January </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>160 </td> <td rowspan="16"> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2007/en/si/0851.html">S. I. No. 851/2007</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td>1 October </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">€158 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605233724/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2006/en/si/0404.html">S.I. No. 404/2006</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td>1 April </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">€155 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2005/en/si/0165.html">S.I. No. 165/2005</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td>1 January </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">€152 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2003/en/si/0720.html">S.I. No. 720/2003</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td>1 January </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">€150<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2002/en/si/0608.html">S.I. No. 608/2002</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002<sup id="cite_ref-euro_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euro-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1 January </td> <td>€107.00 </td> <td>€84.00 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2001/en/si/0396.html">S.I. No. 396/2001</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td>1 September </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_pound" title="Irish pound">£</a>84.50 (€107.29) </td> <td>£66.50 (€84.44) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td>1 September </td> <td>£70 </td> <td>£52 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1996/en/si/0249.html">S.I. No. 249/1996</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td>1 March </td> <td>£62 </td> <td>£44 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1986/en/si/0037.html">S.I. No. 37/1986</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td>1 November </td> <td>£57 </td> <td>£39 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1984/en/si/0248.html">S.I. No. 248/1984</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td>1 April </td> <td>£52 </td> <td>£34 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1983/en/si/0083.html">S.I. No. 83/1983</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td>1 December </td> <td>£45 </td> <td>£27 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1980/en/si/0359.html">S.I. No. 359/1980</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td>1 December </td> <td>£38 </td> <td>£23 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1978/en/si/0319.html">S.I. No. 319/1978</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td>1 April </td> <td>£31 </td> <td>£18.50 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1977/en/si/0076.html">S.I. No. 76/1977</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td>1 October </td> <td>£20 </td> <td>£12 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1974/en/si/0270.html">S.I. No. 270/1974</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td>1 October </td> <td>£15<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>£9<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1973/en/si/0274.html">S.I. No. 274/1973</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td>1 September </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">£7.50<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>abolished </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1972/en/si/0210.html">S.I. No. 210/1972</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td>1 September </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">£7·50<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>£1.50<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1971/en/si/0241.html">S.I. No. 241/1971</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td>1 July </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">£6 </td> <td>£1 10<a href="/wiki/Shilling_(Irish_coin)" title="Shilling (Irish coin)">s</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1970/en/si/0141.html">S.I. No. 141/1970</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963 </td> <td>1 November </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">£5 </td> <td>£1 5s </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1963/en/si/0199.html">S.I. No. 199/1963</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1962 </td> <td>1 January </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">£4<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>£1<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1961/en/si/0279.html">S.I. No. 279/1961</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td>1 September </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="10"> </td> <td>£1 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1961/en/si/0174.html">S.I. No. 174/1961</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953 </td> <td>1 April </td> <td>17s 6<a href="/wiki/Penny_(Irish_pre-decimal_coin)" title="Penny (Irish pre-decimal coin)">d</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1953/en/si/0055.html">S.I. No. 55/1953</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940 </td> <td>1 June </td> <td>12s 6d </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1940/en/si/0117.html">S.I. No. 117/1940</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1934 </td> <td>1 October </td> <td>10s<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1934/en/si/0249.html">S.I. No. 249/1934</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1927 </td> <td>1 July </td> <td>free (blind) </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1927/en/si/0054.html">S.I. No. 54/1927</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1927 </td> <td>3 January </td> <td>10s (ordinary);<br /> <p>£1 (institutions<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>);<br /> £5 (hostels<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>);<br /> £1/week (entertainments<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>);<br /> £5 (public advertisement<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a 14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1927/en/si/0001.html">S.I. No. 1/1927</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1926 </td> <td><i>Some time between 5 May<sup id="cite_ref-crystal1_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crystal1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />and 6 July</i><sup id="cite_ref-crystal2_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crystal2-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>£1 (<a href="/wiki/Valve_RF_amplifier" title="Valve RF amplifier">valve set</a>)<br /> <p>10s (<a href="/wiki/Crystal_radio" title="Crystal radio">crystal set</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-crystal1_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crystal1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-crystal2_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crystal2-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1924 </td> <td><i>Some time between 8 May<sup id="cite_ref-pound1_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pound1-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />and 19 November</i><sup id="cite_ref-pound2_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pound2-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>£1<sup id="cite_ref-pound1_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pound1-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pound2_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pound2-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1922 </td> <td>July </td> <td>All licences withdrawn<br />owing to <a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Irish Civil War</a><sup id="cite_ref-civilwar_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civilwar-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Until July 1922 </td> <td>10s<sup id="cite_ref-civilwar_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civilwar-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Price for "Television Licence": monochrome/colour distinction abolished</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-euro-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-euro_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prices rounded down upon <a href="/wiki/Introduction_of_the_euro#1_January_2002_and_the_change_of_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="Introduction of the euro">the changeover to Euro currency</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting (Television) Receiving Licence (Colour and Monochrome)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting (Television) Receiving Licence (Monochrome Only)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting (Television) Receiving License  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>]"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting (Television) Receiving Licence (including Sound Radio Broadcasts)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fee was unchanged from 1970 but <a href="/wiki/Decimal_Day" title="Decimal Day">currency had been decimalised</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting Receiving Licence (including Television)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Broadcasting Receiving Licence (excluding Television)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">i.e. the higher-priced categories of 1927 were abolished; the blind exemption remained.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.I. No. 1/1927 §1(b): "<a href="/wiki/School" title="School">Schools</a> and Institutions, as, for example, <a href="/wiki/College" title="College">Colleges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">Convents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">Hospitals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Convalescent_home" class="mw-redirect" title="Convalescent home">Convalescent Homes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boarding_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Boarding House">Boarding Houses</a>, etc."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.I. No. 1/1927 §1(c): "<a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">Hotels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">Restaurants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Café">Cafés</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_club" title="Social club">Clubs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Public house">Public Houses</a>, etc."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.I. No. 1/1927 §1(d): "Public Entertainments, e.g., Public Halls, <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">Cinemas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bazaar" title="Bazaar">Bazaars</a>, etc., open to the public on payment of a charge"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S.I. No. 1/1927 §1(e): "<a href="/wiki/Public_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Public address">Loud Speaker Station</a> for outside free public reception of broadcast matter as an <a href="/wiki/Advertisement" class="mw-redirect" title="Advertisement">advertisement</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tech_demo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tech demo">demonstration</a>"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Licences_issued">Licences issued</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Licences issued"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Total licences</th> <th>Sold licences</th> <th>Welfare licences</th> <th>Receipts €m<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>l 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>213.2</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>216.4</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>1,411,787</td> <td>1,003,860</td> <td>407,927</td> <td>215.0</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates20130902-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>1,425,258</td> <td>1,021,443</td> <td>403,815</td> <td>217.8</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates20130902-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>1,431,716</td> <td>1,038,665</td> <td>393,051</td> <td>222.4</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates20130902-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>226.2</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>62.3</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates19900712-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>58.4</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates19900712-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>53.8</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates19900712-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985</td> <td>755,095</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>48.5</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oireachtasdebates19900712-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dail1986021900008_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dail1986021900008-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984</td> <td>720,934</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>43.4 (39.2 net)</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970</td> <td>429,719</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964</td> <td>231,845</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Receipts prior to 2001 are gross and converted from <a href="/wiki/Irish_pound" title="Irish pound">Irish pounds</a> to euros. Later receipts are net of collection cost.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Television in the Republic of Ireland">Television in the Republic of Ireland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2009/en/act/pub/0018/index.html">"Broadcasting Act 2009"</a>. <i>Irish Statute Book</i>. Government of Ireland. 12 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=Broadcasting+Act+2009&rft.date=2009-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2009%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0018%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorcoran2004" class="citation book cs1">Corcoran, Farrel John (2004). <i>RTÉ and the Globalisation of Irish Television</i>. Intellect Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84150-090-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-84150-090-9"><bdi>1-84150-090-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=RT%C3%89+and+the+Globalisation+of+Irish+Television&rft.pub=Intellect+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84150-090-9&rft.aulast=Corcoran&rft.aufirst=Farrel+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelaneyO'Toole2004" class="citation journal cs1">Delaney, Liam; O'Toole, Francis (Winter 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071118194959/http://www.esr.ie/Vol35%203/Vol%2035_3DelaneyOToole.pdf">"Irish Public Service Broadcasting: A Contingent Valuation Analysis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Economic and Social Review</i>. <b>35</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Social_Research_Institute" title="Economic and Social Research Institute">ESRI</a>: 321–350. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esr.ie/Vol35%203/Vol%2035_3DelaneyOToole.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 November 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+and+Social+Review&rft.atitle=Irish+Public+Service+Broadcasting%3A+A+Contingent+Valuation+Analysis&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=321-350&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Delaney&rft.aufirst=Liam&rft.au=O%27Toole%2C+Francis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esr.ie%2FVol35%25203%2FVol%252035_3DelaneyOToole.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoint_Committee_on_Communications,_Climate_Action_and_Environment_(JCCCAE)2017" class="citation web cs1">Joint Committee on Communications, Climate Action and Environment (JCCCAE) (28 November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/committee/dail/32/joint_committee_on_communications_climate_action_and_environment/reports/2017/2017-11-28_report-on-the-future-funding-of-public-service-broadcasting_en.pdf">"Future Funding of Public Service Broadcasting"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Oireachtas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Future+Funding+of+Public+Service+Broadcasting&rft.pub=Oireachtas&rft.date=2017-11-28&rft.au=Joint+Committee+on+Communications%2C+Climate+Action+and+Environment+%28JCCCAE%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.oireachtas.ie%2Fie%2Foireachtas%2Fcommittee%2Fdail%2F32%2Fjoint_committee_on_communications_climate_action_and_environment%2Freports%2F2017%2F2017-11-28_report-on-the-future-funding-of-public-service-broadcasting_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPurcell2004" class="citation web cs1">Purcell, John (22 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.audgen.gov.ie/documents/vfmreports/47_TVLicence.pdf">"Television Licence Fee Collection"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_and_Auditor_General_(Ireland)" title="Comptroller and Auditor General (Ireland)">Comptroller and Auditor General</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Licence+Fee+Collection&rft.pub=Comptroller+and+Auditor+General&rft.date=2004-01-22&rft.aulast=Purcell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audgen.gov.ie%2Fdocuments%2Fvfmreports%2F47_TVLicence.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-anpost-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anpost_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anpost_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anpost.ie/AnPost/MainContent/Personal+Customers/More+from+An+Post/TV+Licence/">"Personal Customers / TV licence"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/An_Post" title="An Post">An Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=An+Post&rft.atitle=Personal+Customers+%2F+TV+licence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anpost.ie%2FAnPost%2FMainContent%2FPersonal%2BCustomers%2FMore%2Bfrom%2BAn%2BPost%2FTV%2BLicence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-si20090319-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-si20090319_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-si20090319_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-si20090319_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2009/en/si/0319.html">"S.I. No. 319/2009 – Television Licence (Exemption of Classes of Television Set) Order 2009"</a>. <i>Irish Statute Book</i>. 31 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.atitle=S.I.+No.+319%2F2009+%E2%80%93+Television+Licence+%28Exemption+of+Classes+of+Television+Set%29+Order+2009&rft.date=2009-07-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2009%2Fen%2Fsi%2F0319.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-psbcConsultation-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-psbcConsultation_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/communications/consultations/Pages/Consultation-on-Public-Service-Broadcasting-Charge.aspx">"Consultation on Public Service Broadcasting Charge"</a>. Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources. 27 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consultation+on+Public+Service+Broadcasting+Charge&rft.pub=Department+of+Communications%2C+Energy+and+Natural+Resources&rft.date=2013-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdccae.gov.ie%2Fen-ie%2Fcommunications%2Fconsultations%2FPages%2FConsultation-on-Public-Service-Broadcasting-Charge.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail2014121100008#N4">"Television Licence Fee Collection (Continued)"</a>. <i>Dáil Éireann debates</i>. 11 December 2014. p. 8<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+debates&rft.atitle=Television+Licence+Fee+Collection+%28Continued%29&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2014-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail2014121100008%23N4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/we-either-value-journalists-or-we-dont-tv-and-device-fee-could-rise-to-175-813553.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We either value journalists or we don't': TV and device fee could rise to €175"</a>. <i>Irish Examiner</i>. 10 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Examiner&rft.atitle=%27We+either+value+journalists+or+we+don%27t%27%3A+TV+and+device+fee+could+rise+to+%E2%82%AC175&rft.date=2017-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishexaminer.com%2Fbreakingnews%2Fireland%2Fwe-either-value-journalists-or-we-dont-tv-and-device-fee-could-rise-to-175-813553.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cionnaith20190802-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cionnaith20190802_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÓ_Cionnaith2019" class="citation news cs1">Ó Cionnaith, Fiachra (2 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-broadcasting-charge-941563.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'No way to avoid it': Everything you need to know about the new 'broadcasting charge'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Irish Examiner</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Debates&rft.atitle=Written+Answer+No.+1704%3A+Television+Licence+Fee&rft.pages=67&rft.date=2016-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail2016091600067%3Fopendocument%23WRPPP02450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/about/licence.html">"Licence Fee: FAQs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Raidi%C3%B3_Teilif%C3%ADs_%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Raidió Teilifís Éireann">Raidió Teilifís Éireann</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Broadcasting+%28Funding%29+Act+2003&rft.date=2003-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2003%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0043%2Fprint.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070717001427/http://www.econsultation.ie/ec/econswip.nsf/0/EB861AD5FEF3FFA9802571E1002CC628?OpenDocument">"Submission to the Joint Oireachtas Committee on Communications, Marine and Natural Resources on the Broadcasting Act"</a>. Screen Producers Ireland. 13 July 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.econsultation.ie/ec/econswip.nsf/0/EB861AD5FEF3FFA9802571E1002CC628?OpenDocument">the original</a> on 17 July 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>. <q>Operating under the statutory umbrella of RTÉ, TG4 however does not receive its funding from licence fee revenue but rather from Department of Finance discretionary spending.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Submission+to+the+Joint+Oireachtas+Committee+on+Communications%2C+Marine+and+Natural+Resources+on+the+Broadcasting+Act&rft.pub=Screen+Producers+Ireland&rft.date=2005-07-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.econsultation.ie%2Fec%2Feconswip.nsf%2F0%2FEB861AD5FEF3FFA9802571E1002CC628%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2001/en/act/pub/0004/sec0047.html">"Broadcasting Act, 2001, §47"</a>. 14 March 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Broadcasting+Act%2C+2001%2C+%C2%A747&rft.date=2001-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2001%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0004%2Fsec0047.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rpt2004-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rpt2004_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rpt2004_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEurope_EconomicsCurtin_Dorgan_AssociatesPricewaterhouseCoopers2004" class="citation web cs1">Europe Economics; Curtin Dorgan Associates; PricewaterhouseCoopers (1 December 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcmnr.gov.ie/NR/rdonlyres/B82CE699-E558-47B6-9446-7F1EDAC09CBF/0/FinalreportDecember12004.pdf">"The effect of RTĒ's licence fee income on broadcasters and on the advertising market in Ireland"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Communications,_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources">Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources</a>. pp. 10, §3.9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>. <q>It is dependent on a combination of Government funding, commercial income (airtime sales) and support in kind rather than in cash from RTÉ. With input from TG4, RTÉ decides what content (totalling 365 hours) it will provide to TG4 – and it gives TG4 this content annually. It also gives TG4 technical support. RTÉ then costs these contributions up and expresses them as a percentage attribution to TG4 of licence fee income.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+effect+of+RT%C4%92%27s+licence+fee+income+on+broadcasters+and+on+the+advertising+market+in+Ireland&rft.pages=10%2C+%C2%A73.9&rft.pub=Department+of+Communications%2C+Energy+and+Natural+Resources&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.au=Europe+Economics&rft.au=Curtin+Dorgan+Associates&rft.au=PricewaterhouseCoopers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcmnr.gov.ie%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2FB82CE699-E558-47B6-9446-7F1EDAC09CBF%2F0%2FFinalreportDecember12004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/about/pdfs/rte_06_eng_annualreport.pdf">"Radio Telefís Éireann ANNUAL REPORT & GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2006"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Raidió Teilifís Éireann. 22 March 2007. p. 25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radio+Telef%C3%ADs+%C3%89ireann+ANNUAL+REPORT+%26+GROUP+FINANCIAL+STATEMENTS+2006&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Raidi%C3%B3+Teilif%C3%ADs+%C3%89ireann&rft.date=2007-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fabout%2Fpdfs%2Frte_06_eng_annualreport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2001/en/act/pub/0004/sec0051.html">"Broadcasting Act, 2001, §51"</a>. 14 March 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Broadcasting+Act%2C+2001%2C+%C2%A751&rft.date=2001-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F2001%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0004%2Fsec0051.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Table 3.3.2 Communications, Energy & Natural Resources savings measures". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721124756/http://www.finance.irlgov.ie/documents/pressreleases/2009/bl100vol1.pdf"><i>Report of the Special Group on Public Service Numbers and Expenditure Programmes</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Vol. 1. Dublin: Government Publications Office. 2009. p. 36. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.finance.irlgov.ie/documents/pressreleases/2009/bl100vol1.pdf#page=44">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+3.3.2+Communications%2C+Energy+%26+Natural+Resources+savings+measures&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Special+Group+on+Public+Service+Numbers+and+Expenditure+Programmes&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Government+Publications+Office&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finance.irlgov.ie%2Fdocuments%2Fpressreleases%2F2009%2Fbl100vol1.pdf%23page%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2010/1118/1224283627581.html">"TG4 paused for thought as it awaits post-budget fate"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 18 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=TG4+paused+for+thought+as+it+awaits+post-budget+fate&rft.date=2010-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnewspaper%2Ffinance%2F2010%2F1118%2F1224283627581.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2010/1207/live_budget_updates.html">"Budget 2011 – As It Happened"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/.ie" title=".ie">.ie</a></i>. 7 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2010</span>. <q>1753 RTÉ is to get a reduction of €10m in licence fee revenue in 2011, a reduction of 5% =PDF the 2010 figure. According to the Department of Communications, this is to replace some central funding to TG4 with licence fee funding.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=.ie&rft.atitle=Budget+2011+%E2%80%93+As+It+Happened&rft.date=2010-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F2010%2F1207%2Flive_budget_updates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017 pp.6–7 Recommendation 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100830220409/http://www.bai.ie/about_levy.html">"About Us: Levy"</a>. Broadcasting Authority of Ireland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bai.ie/about_levy.html">the original</a> on 30 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us%3A+Levy&rft.pub=Broadcasting+Authority+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bai.ie%2Fabout_levy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/bills/bill/2019/64/">"Broadcasting (Amendment) Bill 2019 – No. 64 of 2019"</a>. <i>Bills</i>. Oireachtas. 31 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bills&rft.atitle=Broadcasting+%28Amendment%29+Bill+2019+%E2%80%93+No.+64+of+2019&rft.date=2019-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fen%2Fbills%2Fbill%2F2019%2F64%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Malley2007" class="citation web cs1">O'Malley, Fiona (10 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/DDebate.aspx?F=MAJ20070110.XML&Node=101&Page=2">"Proposed Broadcasting Bill: Hearings"</a>. JOINT COMMITTEE ON COMMUNICATIONS, MARINE AND NATURAL RESOURCES. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Fiona_O%27Malley" title="Fiona O'Malley">F. O'Malley</a>: Is it not anachronistic for the Department to impose a television licence? Have we gone beyond licensing? Given that the Government is always interested in revenue, is there an alternative suggestion as to how we might raise the revenue if licensing is no longer possible?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposed+Broadcasting+Bill%3A+Hearings&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=JOINT+COMMITTEE+ON+COMMUNICATIONS%2C+MARINE+AND+NATURAL+RESOURCES&rft.date=2007-01-10&rft.aulast=O%27Malley&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdebates.oireachtas.ie%2FDDebate.aspx%3FF%3DMAJ20070110.XML%26Node%3D101%26Page%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ryan2003-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ryan2003_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ryan2003_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ryan2003_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ryan2003_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (26 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607095730/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0575/D.0575.200311260017.html"><i>Broadcasting (Funding) Bill 2003 [Seanad] : Second Stage (Resumed)</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 575, p.439. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0575/D.0575.200311260017.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>. <q>Mr <a href="/wiki/Eamon_Ryan" title="Eamon Ryan">Eamon Ryan</a>: ... Historically, 8% of the licence fee receipts have been accounted for by An Post's collection costs. It is a very expensive cost. Just 92% of the sum of over €100 that we pay for a television licence will be expended on broadcasting. It is something that we have to address seriously. I propose a much simpler system of funding which is guaranteed by the State through the general taxation system on an index-linked basis. The fund would be set in stone and would not be open to political interference in the budget each year. The moneys would be provided from central Exchequer expenditure. The fundraising and allocation aspects of such a system would be more efficient. One would not have the huge cost of collecting the licence fee and the endless television advertisements would not have to be paid for. Such advertisements remind people, for example, that they have to have a licence for their fourth television in their country home. The incredibly cumbersome present licence collecting system would no longer be needed. The system I propose would be much fairer. Under the present system, an unemployed person or a person with a very low income, for example, has to pay the exact same licence fee as their next-door neighbour who might be earning €500,000 per year. The licence fee is a regressive stealth tax.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Broadcasting+%28Funding%29+Bill+2003+%5BSeanad%5D+%3A+Second+Stage+%28Resumed%29&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+575%2C+p.439&rft.date=2003-11-26&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorical-debates.oireachtas.ie%2FD%2F0575%2FD.0575.200311260017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fg2007-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fg2007_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fg2007_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fg2007_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fg2007_43-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonagh2007" class="citation news cs1">McDonagh, Patricia (16 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/national-news/licence-fee-system-should-be-scrapped-1219898.html">"Licence fee system should be scrapped"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Irish_Independent" title="Irish Independent">Irish Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a>'s communications spokesman, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Coveney" title="Simon Coveney">Simon Coveney</a>, said people are being forced to pay for the estimated 16pc of households that are not willing to pay the licence fee. ... Instead of the current intrusive and inefficient system of collecting money to finance public service broadcasting, the Government could finance it through general taxation, Mr Coveney said.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Independent&rft.atitle=Licence+fee+system+should+be+scrapped&rft.date=2007-11-16&rft.aulast=McDonagh&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fnational-news%2Flicence-fee-system-should-be-scrapped-1219898.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/DDebate.aspx?F=MAJ20070110.XML&Node=101&Page=3">"Proposed Broadcasting Bill: Definition of Television and Collection of Licence Fee"</a>. JOINT COMMITTEE ON COMMUNICATIONS, MARINE AND NATURAL RESOURCES. 10 January 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>. <q>Mr. Hayes: When I joined RTÉ I asked whether a television licence was required for a holiday home. ... Up to 2003 that is not how it was interpreted because people did not understand that was the law. ... <a href="/wiki/Michael_Finucane" title="Michael Finucane">Senator Finucane</a>: Despite the fact these televisions may only be used for two months in the year [...] I think it is unfair.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposed+Broadcasting+Bill%3A+Definition+of+Television+and+Collection+of+Licence+Fee.&rft.pub=JOINT+COMMITTEE+ON+COMMUNICATIONS%2C+MARINE+AND+NATURAL+RESOURCES&rft.date=2007-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdebates.oireachtas.ie%2FDDebate.aspx%3FF%3DMAJ20070110.XML%26Node%3D101%26Page%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (24 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607095814/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0636/D.0636.200704240388.html"><i>Written Answers. – Television Licence Fee</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 636, p.439. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0636/D.0636.200704240388.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Written+Answers.+%E2%80%93+Television+Licence+Fee.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+636%2C+p.439&rft.date=2007-04-24&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorical-debates.oireachtas.ie%2FD%2F0636%2FD.0636.200704240388.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2001/0707/01070700031.html">"RTÉ journalists' concern at fee"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a></i>. 7 July 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=RT%C3%89+journalists%27+concern+at+fee&rft.date=2001-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnewspaper%2Fireland%2F2001%2F0707%2F01070700031.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Delaney_&_O'Toole_2004,_p.323_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Delaney & O'Toole 2004, p.323</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Delaney & O'Toole, p.333</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Delaney & O'Toole 2004, p.347-348</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Wireless_Telegraphy_Act_1904" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless Telegraphy Act 1904">Wireless Telegraphy Act 1904</a> (<a href="/wiki/4_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="4 Edw. 7">4 Edw. 7</a>. c. 24); renewed by the <a href="/wiki/Wireless_Telegraphy_Act_1906" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless Telegraphy Act 1906">Wireless Telegraphy Act 1906</a> (<a href="/wiki/6_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="6 Edw. 7">6 Edw. 7</a>. c. 13); continued by the Expiring Laws Acts <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1922/en/act/pub/0005/print.html">5/1922</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1923/en/act/pub/0047/print.html">47/1923</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1924/en/act/pub/0060/print.html">60/1924</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1925/en/act/pub/0041/print.html">41/1925</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1926" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (16 December 1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609192145/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/S/0008/S.0008.192612160004.html"><i>WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY BILL, 1926—SECOND STAGE</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 8, pp.81–82. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/S/0008/S.0008.192612160004.html">the original</a> on 9 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2007</span>. <q>Mr. <a href="/wiki/J._J._Walsh" title="J. J. Walsh">WALSH</a>: ... I had no alternative but to take steps to expedite the collection of licence fees, which is the main source of revenue. There are, I believe, something like 40,000 wireless users in this State. We have so calculated the number at any rate, and of these only about 4,000 have so far been good enough to pay the small licence fee of 10s.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WIRELESS+TELEGRAPHY+BILL%2C+1926%E2%80%94SECOND+STAGE&rft.series=Seanad+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+8%2C+pp.81-82&rft.date=1926-12-16&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie%2FS%2F0008%2FS.0008.192612160004.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1926/en/act/pub/0045/print.html">"Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1926"</a>. 24 December 1926<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wireless+Telegraphy+Act%2C+1926&rft.date=1926-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F1926%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0045%2Fprint.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1957" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (19 June 1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609192317/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0162/D.0162.195706190040.html"><i>Ceisteanna—Questions. Oral Answers. – Radio Éireann Revenue</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 162, p.1094. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0162/D.0162.195706190040.html">the original</a> on 9 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Neil_Blaney" title="Neil Blaney">Mr. Blaney</a>): There is no separate television licence; a television set is covered by the ordinary wireless receiving licence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ceisteanna%E2%80%94Questions.+Oral+Answers.+%E2%80%93+Radio+%C3%89ireann+Revenue.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+162%2C+p.1094&rft.date=1957-06-19&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie%2FD%2F0162%2FD.0162.195706190040.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNí_ChathailÓ_Maolagáin2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ní Chathail, Caoimhe; Ó Maolagáin, Fearghal (26 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meoneile.ie/cultur-agus-ealain/tg4-ag-ceili%C3%BAradh-20-bliain">"TG4 ag ceiliúradh 20 bliain"</a>. <i>Meon Eile</i> (in Irish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>. <q>Bhí sé tuillte go géar ag 15 acu a chaith idir 2 agus 14 lá i bpríosún idir 1973 agus 1993 as diúltú ceadúnas teilifíse a íoc le RTE.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Meon+Eile&rft.atitle=TG4+ag+ceili%C3%BAradh+20+bliain&rft.date=2016-10-26&rft.aulast=N%C3%AD+Chathail&rft.aufirst=Caoimhe&rft.au=%C3%93+Maolag%C3%A1in%2C+Fearghal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meoneile.ie%2Fcultur-agus-ealain%2Ftg4-ag-ceili%25C3%25BAradh-20-bliain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreathnachNí_Mhurchú" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Breathnach, Diarmuid; Ní Mhurchú, Máire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=1547">"Heusaff, Alan (1921–1999)"</a>. <i>ainm.ie</i> (in Irish). Cló Iar-Chonnacht<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ainm.ie&rft.atitle=Heusaff%2C+Alan+%281921%E2%80%931999%29&rft.aulast=Breathnach&rft.aufirst=Diarmuid&rft.au=N%C3%AD+Mhurch%C3%BA%2C+M%C3%A1ire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ainm.ie%2FBio.aspx%3FID%3D1547&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/archives/2020/0610/1146654-prison-for-tv-licence-non-payment/">"Prison For TV Licence Non Payment"</a>. RTÉ News. 26 June 1985<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Prison+For+TV+Licence+Non+Payment&rft.date=1985-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Farchives%2F2020%2F0610%2F1146654-prison-for-tv-licence-non-payment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÓ_Cathain1985" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ó Cathain, Padraic (4 July 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/archives/collections/news/21197363-brian-baoill-welcomed-home/">"Brian Ó Baoill Welcomed Home"</a> (in Irish). RTÉ Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brian+%C3%93+Baoill+Welcomed+Home&rft.date=1985-07-04&rft.aulast=%C3%93+Cathain&rft.aufirst=Padraic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Farchives%2Fcollections%2Fnews%2F21197363-brian-baoill-welcomed-home%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreathnachNí_Mhurchú" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Breathnach, Diarmuid; Ní Mhurchú, Máire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=1586">"Mac Stíofáin, Seán (1928–2001)"</a>. <i>ainm.ie</i> (in Irish). Cló Iar-Chonnacht<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ainm.ie&rft.atitle=Mac+St%C3%ADof%C3%A1in%2C+Se%C3%A1n+%281928%E2%80%932001%29&rft.aulast=Breathnach&rft.aufirst=Diarmuid&rft.au=N%C3%AD+Mhurch%C3%BA%2C+M%C3%A1ire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ainm.ie%2FBio.aspx%3FID%3D1586&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHourigan2007" class="citation book cs1">Hourigan, Niamh (2007). "The Role of Networks in Minority Language Television Campaigns". In Cormack, Michael J.; Hourigan, Niamh (eds.). <i>Minority Language Media: Concepts, Critiques, and Case Studies</i>. Multilingual Matters. pp. 74–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85359-963-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85359-963-7"><bdi>978-1-85359-963-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Networks+in+Minority+Language+Television+Campaigns&rft.btitle=Minority+Language+Media%3A+Concepts%2C+Critiques%2C+and+Case+Studies&rft.pages=74-77&rft.pub=Multilingual+Matters&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-85359-963-7&rft.aulast=Hourigan&rft.aufirst=Niamh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Corcoran 2004, p.46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Corcoran 2004, pp.47–52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/2012/01/24/00270.asp#N9">Dáil debates 24 January 2012 p.270</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070824062853/http://www.econsultation.ie/ec/econswip.nsf/0/F5BE3435A5242D15802571A200660BDF?OpenDocument">"Proposals for Legislation in Relation to Broadcasting PART 6: Television licence 51: Interpretation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://econsultation.ie/ec/econswip.nsf/0/F5BE3435A5242D15802571A200660BDF?OpenDocument">the original</a> on 24 August 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposals+for+Legislation+in+Relation+to+Broadcasting+PART+6%3A+Television+licence+51%3A+Interpretation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feconsultation.ie%2Fec%2Feconswip.nsf%2F0%2FF5BE3435A5242D15802571A200660BDF%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas.ie/documents/committees29thdail/committeereports2007/Broadcasting.pdf">"Houses of the Oireachtas Joint Committee on Communications, Marine and Natural Resources Tenth Report: Considerations, recommendations and conclusions on the Joint Committee's consultation on the draft General Scheme of the Broadcasting Bill"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. April 2007. pp. 59–61<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Houses+of+the+Oireachtas+Joint+Committee+on+Communications%2C+Marine+and+Natural+Resources+Tenth+Report%3A+Considerations%2C+recommendations+and+conclusions+on+the+Joint+Committee%27s+consultation+on+the+draft+General+Scheme+of+the+Broadcasting+Bill.&rft.pages=59-61&rft.date=2007-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas.ie%2Fdocuments%2Fcommittees29thdail%2Fcommitteereports2007%2FBroadcasting.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0682/D.0682.200905120053.html">Written Answers. – Television Licence Fee</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922041237/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0682/D.0682.200905120053.html">Archived</a> 22 September 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Dáil debates Vol.682 cc.260–1, 12 May 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2009/en/act/pub/0018/index.html">Broadcasting Act 2009</a> §§149, 150(c); <a href="/wiki/Irish_Statute_Book" title="Irish Statute Book">Irish Statute Book</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607223723/http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/eng/Publications/Publications_2011/Programme_for_Government_2011.pdf">"Programme for Government 2011"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Taoiseach" title="Department of the Taoiseach">Department of the Taoiseach</a>. 6 March 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/eng/Publications/Publications_2011/Programme_for_Government_2011.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Programme+for+Government+2011&rft.pub=Department+of+the+Taoiseach&rft.date=2011-03-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taoiseach.gov.ie%2Feng%2FPublications%2FPublications_2011%2FProgramme_for_Government_2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d20120118-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-d20120118_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-d20120118_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/2012/01/18/00021.asp">Dáil debates 18 January 2012 p.21</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-psbrGroup-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-psbrGroup_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPublic_Service_Broadcasting_Charge_Policy_Review_Group2013" class="citation web cs1">Public Service Broadcasting Charge Policy Review Group (April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130908235139/http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/NR/rdonlyres/C5FB5FDA-712B-4296-B1FC-D572726420A0/0/VFMReport.pdf#page=6">"Report of the Value for Money Policy Review on the introduction of a Public Service Broadcasting Charge"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 6. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/NR/rdonlyres/C5FB5FDA-712B-4296-B1FC-D572726420A0/0/VFMReport.pdf#page=6">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Value+for+Money+Policy+Review+on+the+introduction+of+a+Public+Service+Broadcasting+Charge&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2013-04&rft.au=Public+Service+Broadcasting+Charge+Policy+Review+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcenr.gov.ie%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2FC5FB5FDA-712B-4296-B1FC-D572726420A0%2F0%2FVFMReport.pdf%23page%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/news-and-media/press-releases/Pages/Minister-Alex-White-publishes-RTÉ-efficiency-review-and-report-on-broadcasting-advertising-market.aspx">"Minister Alex White publishes RTÉ efficiency review and report on broadcasting advertising market"</a> (Press release). Dublin: Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources. 21 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minister+Alex+White+publishes+RT%C3%89+efficiency+review+and+report+on+broadcasting+advertising+market&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Department+of+Communications%2C+Energy+and+Natural+Resources&rft.date=2015-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dccae.gov.ie%2Fen-ie%2Fnews-and-media%2Fpress-releases%2FPages%2FMinister-Alex-White-publishes-RT%C3%89-efficiency-review-and-report-on-broadcasting-advertising-market.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRafter2015" class="citation web cs1">Rafter, Kevin (30 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibireland.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Television-Licence-Fee-Report-30-Sept-2015.pdf#page=13">"Television Licence Fee"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Dublin: Independent Broadcasters of Ireland. p. 13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Licence+Fee&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Independent+Broadcasters+of+Ireland&rft.date=2015-09-30&rft.aulast=Rafter&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibireland.ie%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F12%2FTelevision-Licence-Fee-Report-30-Sept-2015.pdf%23page%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017 p.6 Recommendation 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017 p.11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorwath2013" class="citation book cs1">Horwath, Crowe (23 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.oireachtas.ie/AWData/Library3/CENRdoclaid170713a_155315.pdf#page=39"><i>Final report : Broadcasting Authority of Ireland review of funding for public service broadcasters</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Dublin. p. 38<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2019</span> – via opac.oireachtas.ie.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Final+report+%3A+Broadcasting+Authority+of+Ireland+review+of+funding+for+public+service+broadcasters&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=38&rft.date=2013-05-23&rft.aulast=Horwath&rft.aufirst=Crowe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopac.oireachtas.ie%2FAWData%2FLibrary3%2FCENRdoclaid170713a_155315.pdf%23page%3D39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDepartment_of_Communications,_Energy_and_Natural_Resources2006" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Communications,_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources">Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources</a> (29 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcmnr.gov.ie/Broadcasting/Television+Licence+Fee+Reviews/">"Television Licence Fee Reviews"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2007</span>. <q>As part of the Programme of Public Sector Broadcasting Reform, the Government decided that the RTÉ licence fee adjustment would be reviewed annually. A mechanism to allow for annual changes to the licence fee, using the CPI-X formula (i.e. the <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Price_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer Price Index">Consumer Price Index</a> less a specified figure) was introduced by the Government in 2002.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Licence+Fee+Reviews&rft.date=2006-05-29&rft.au=Department+of+Communications%2C+Energy+and+Natural+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcmnr.gov.ie%2FBroadcasting%2FTelevision%2BLicence%2BFee%2BReviews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017 p.43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">JCCCAE 2017 p.7 Recommendation 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crystal1-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crystal1_91-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crystal1_91-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1926" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (5 May 1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609192503/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0015/D.0015.192605050007.html"><i>FINANCIAL RESOLUTIONS—REPORT. – RESOLUTION No. 9</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 15, p.1121. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0015/D.0015.192605050007.html">the original</a> on 9 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Blythe" title="Ernest Blythe">Mr. BLYTHE</a>: ... It is for that reason that I favour the reduction of the crystal set licence fee to ten shillings.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=FINANCIAL+RESOLUTIONS%E2%80%94REPORT.+%E2%80%93+RESOLUTION+No.+9.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+15%2C+p.1121&rft.date=1926-05-05&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie%2FD%2F0015%2FD.0015.192605050007.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crystal2-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crystal2_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crystal2_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1926" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (6 July 1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609192530/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/S/0007/S.0007.192607060005.html"><i>SHOP HOURS (DRAPERY TRADES, DUBLIN AND DISTRICTS) BILL, 1926. – APPROPRIATION BILL, 1926—SECOND STAGE</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 7, p.742–3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/S/0007/S.0007.192607060005.html">the original</a> on 9 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a> (<a href="/wiki/J._J._Walsh" title="J. J. Walsh">Mr. Walsh</a>): ... In the case of a licence fee the poor man who buys a set for 10/- or 12/- has to pay an annual fee of 10/-</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SHOP+HOURS+%28DRAPERY+TRADES%2C+DUBLIN+AND+DISTRICTS%29+BILL%2C+1926.+%E2%80%93+APPROPRIATION+BILL%2C+1926%E2%80%94SECOND+STAGE.&rft.series=Seanad+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+7%2C+p.742-3&rft.date=1926-07-06&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie%2FS%2F0007%2FS.0007.192607060005.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pound1-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pound1_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pound1_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1925" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (19 May 1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609192612/http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0011/D.0011.192505190011.html"><i>CEISTEANNA—QUESTIONS. ORAL ANSWERS. – DUTY ON WIRELESS SETS</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 11, p.1728. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0011/D.0011.192505190011.html">the original</a> on 9 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a> (<a href="/wiki/J._J._Walsh" title="J. J. Walsh">Mr. Walsh</a>): ...The annual licence fee of one pound was sanctioned by the <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Finance_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Finance (Ireland)">Minister for Finance</a> in accordance with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0006/D.0006.192403280022.html">the recommendation of the Special Committee of the Dáil on Broadcasting</a>, whose report <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie/D/0007/D.0007.192405070019.html">was adopted by the Dáil</a> [on 8 May 1924].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CEISTEANNA%E2%80%94QUESTIONS.+ORAL+ANSWERS.+%E2%80%93+DUTY+ON+WIRELESS+SETS.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+11%2C+p.1728&rft.date=1925-05-19&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie%2FD%2F0011%2FD.0011.192505190011.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|quote=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pound2-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pound2_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pound2_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1924" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (19 November 1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607095319/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0009/D.0009.192411190007.html"><i>CEISTEANNA—QUESTIONS. ORAL ANSWERS. – WIRELESS RECEIVING LICENCES</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 9, p.1192. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0009/D.0009.192411190007.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=JJ._J._Walsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JJ. J. Walsh (page does not exist)">Mr. Walsh</a>): The fee for an ordinary wireless receiving licence in the Saorstát is £1 per annum</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CEISTEANNA%E2%80%94QUESTIONS.+ORAL+ANSWERS.+%E2%80%93+WIRELESS+RECEIVING+LICENCES.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+9%2C+p.1192&rft.date=1924-11-19&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorical-debates.oireachtas.ie%2FD%2F0009%2FD.0009.192411190007.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-civilwar-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-civilwar_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-civilwar_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Ireland1923" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government of Ireland</a> (3 August 1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607095404/http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0004/D.0004.192308030033.html"><i>INTOXICATING LIQUOR BILL. – WIRELESS BROADCASTING</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> Parliamentary Debates. pp. Volume 4, pp.1953–4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0004/D.0004.192308030033.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2007</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/W._T._Cosgrave" title="W. T. Cosgrave">The PRESIDENT</a>: After the transfer of the Post Office Services from the <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Government">British Government</a> on 1 April 1922, permits for the installation and working of Wireless receiving apparatus were issued by the Irish Postmaster-General to experimenters and other persons who complied with the conditions laid down as regards the apparatus and <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(radio)" title="Antenna (radio)">aerial</a> to be used and on payment of a fee of 10s. a year. On the outbreak of the disturbances in the country in July, 1922, these permits were withdrawn at the request of <a href="/wiki/Irish_Defence_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Defence Forces">the Military Authorities</a> and all persons in possession of wireless apparatus were required to surrender it to the Post Office for safe custody. The sale, importation or manufacture of wireless apparatus was also prohibited. This general prohibition against the use of wireless apparatus has not yet been removed. For some time past, however, special permits have been given on specified conditions with the approval of the military authorities for wireless receiving demonstrations at <a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte" title="Fête">fetes</a> and other entertainments organised for charitable and public objects.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=INTOXICATING+LIQUOR+BILL.+%E2%80%93+WIRELESS+BROADCASTING.&rft.series=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Parliamentary+Debates&rft.pages=Volume+4%2C+pp.1953-4&rft.date=1923-08-03&rft.au=Government+of+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorical-debates.oireachtas.ie%2FD%2F0004%2FD.0004.192308030033.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kildarestreet20150715-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kildarestreet20150715_97-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kildarestreet.com/wrans/?id=2015-07-15a.854">"Written answers : Television Licence Fee Yield"</a>. <i>Dáil Éireann proceedings</i>. KildareStreet.com. 15 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+proceedings&rft.atitle=Written+answers+%3A+Television+Licence+Fee+Yield&rft.date=2015-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kildarestreet.com%2Fwrans%2F%3Fid%3D2015-07-15a.854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oireachtasdebates20130902-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates20130902_98-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/Debates%20Authoring/DebatesWebPack.nsf/takes/dail2013052200082#WRV01300">"Written answers 173: Television Licence Statistics"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. 22 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Written+answers+173%3A+Television+Licence+Statistics&rft.date=2013-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2FDebates%2520Authoring%2FDebatesWebPack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail2013052200082%23WRV01300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oireachtasdebates19900712-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oireachtasdebates19900712_99-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail1990071200124?opendocument">"Written Answers. – Television Licence Revenue"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. 12 July 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Written+Answers.+%E2%80%93+Television+Licence+Revenue&rft.date=1990-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail1990071200124%3Fopendocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dail1986021900008-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dail1986021900008_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail1986021900008#N4">"Questions. Oral Answers. – RTE Licence Increase"</a>. <i>Dáil Éireann Debates</i>. 19 February 1986. Vol 363 No.14 p.8 c.3098<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+%C3%89ireann+Debates&rft.atitle=Questions.+Oral+Answers.+%E2%80%93+RTE+Licence+Increase.&rft.pages=Vol+363+No.14+p.8+c.3098&rft.date=1986-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail1986021900008%23N4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail1985022000010?opendocument">"Oral answers 6. Television Licences"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. 20 February 1985<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Oral+answers+6.+Television+Licences&rft.date=1985-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2Fdebateswebpack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail1985022000010%3Fopendocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/1970/06/09/00024.asp">"Oral Answers 37 – Television Licences"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. 9 June 1970<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Oral+Answers+37+%E2%80%93+Television+Licences&rft.date=1970-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdail%2F1970%2F06%2F09%2F00024.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/DebatesWebPack.nsf/takes/dail1964070100077?opendocument">"Oral Answers 46 – TV Licences"</a>. <i>Dáil debates</i>. 1 July 1964<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A1il+debates&rft.atitle=Oral+Answers+46+%E2%80%93+TV+Licences&rft.date=1964-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdebates%2520authoring%2FDebatesWebPack.nsf%2Ftakes%2Fdail1964070100077%3Fopendocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelevision+licensing+in+the+Republic+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Television_licensing_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/consumer_affairs/media/tv_licences.html">Television Licences</a> Citizens Information Board</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/oireachtasbusiness/committees_list/ccae/publicservicebroadcasting/">Forum on Funding Public Service Broadcasting</a> Oireachtas Joint Committee on Communications, Climate Action and Environment</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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