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Viscount Runciman of Doxford – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Walter Runciman, 1. Viscount Runciman of Doxford" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Walter Runciman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Walter Runciman" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman_(1er_vicomte_Runciman_de_Doxford)" title="Walter Runciman (1er vicomte Runciman de Doxford) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Walter Runciman (1er vicomte Runciman de Doxford)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Walter Runciman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman_(1._wicehrabia_Runciman_of_Doxford)" title="Walter Runciman (1. wicehrabia Runciman of Doxford) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Walter Runciman (1. wicehrabia Runciman of Doxford)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80,_1-%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ренсимен, Уолтер, 1-й виконт Ренсимен Доксфордский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ренсимен, Уолтер, 1-й виконт Ренсимен Доксфордский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Walter Runciman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British politician (1870–1949)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Walter Runciman, see <a href="/wiki/Walter_Runciman_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Walter Runciman (disambiguation)">Walter Runciman (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">The Viscount Runciman<br />of Doxford</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">PC</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Walter_Runciman%2C_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="1535" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Education">President of the Board of Education</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 April 1908 – 23 October 1911</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarchs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">Reginald McKenna</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pease,_1st_Baron_Gainford" title="Jack Pease, 1st Baron Gainford">Jack Pease</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Agriculture">President of the Board of Agriculture</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />23 October 1911 – 6 August 1914</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wynn-Carington,_1st_Marquess_of_Lincolnshire" title="Charles Wynn-Carington, 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire">The Earl Carrington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Auberon_Herbert,_9th_Baron_Lucas" title="Auberon Herbert, 9th Baron Lucas">The Lord Lucas</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 August 1914 – 5 December 1916</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Burns" title="John Burns">John Burns</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stanley,_1st_Baron_Ashfield" title="Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield">Sir Albert Stanley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 November 1931 – 28 May 1937</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarchs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Cunliffe-Lister,_1st_Earl_of_Swinton" title="Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton">Sir Philip Cunliffe-Lister</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Hon. Oliver Stanley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />31 October 1938 – 3 September 1939</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hogg,_1st_Viscount_Hailsham" title="Douglas Hogg, 1st Viscount Hailsham">The Viscount Hailsham</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Stanhope,_7th_Earl_Stanhope" title="James Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope">The Earl Stanhope</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1870-11-19</span>)</span>19 November 1870</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">14 November 1949<span style="display:none">(1949-11-14)</span> (aged 78)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data">British</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">National Liberal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Runciman,_Viscountess_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Hilda Runciman, Viscountess Runciman of Doxford">Hilda Stevenson</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1898)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Runciman,_1st_Baron_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman">Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman</a> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">PC</a></span></span> (19 November 1870 – 14 November 1949), was a prominent <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> and later <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">National Liberal</a> politician in the United Kingdom. His 1938 diplomatic mission to Czechoslovakia was key to the enactment of the British policy of appeasement of Nazi Germany preceding the Second World War. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Runciman was the son of the shipping magnate <a href="/wiki/Walter_Runciman,_1st_Baron_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman">Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman</a>. He was educated at <a href="/wiki/Harton_Academy" title="Harton Academy">South Shields High School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a>, where he graduated with an <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts_(Oxbridge_and_Dublin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin)">MA</a> degree in history in 1892.<sup id="cite_ref-dnb_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dnb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1899–1913"><span id="1899.E2.80.931913"></span>1899–1913</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1899–1913"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Runciman unsuccessfully contested <a href="/wiki/Gravesend_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gravesend (UK Parliament constituency)">Gravesend</a> in a by-election in 1898, but was elected as a member of parliament (MP) in a two-member <a href="/wiki/1899_Oldham_by-election" title="1899 Oldham by-election">by-election</a> for <a href="/wiki/Oldham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oldham (UK Parliament constituency)">Oldham</a> in 1899,<sup id="cite_ref-leighrayment.com1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leighrayment.com1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> defeating the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> candidates, <a href="/wiki/James_Mawdsley_(trade_unionist)" title="James Mawdsley (trade unionist)">James Mawdsley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>. After winning, Runciman is reported to have commented to Churchill: "Don't worry, I don't think this is the last the country has heard of either of us."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The following year in the <a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900 general election</a> Churchill stood against Runciman again and defeated him.<sup id="cite_ref-leighrayment.com1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leighrayment.com1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Runciman soon returned to Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Dewsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dewsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Dewsbury</a> in a by-election in January 1902<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leighrayment.com2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leighrayment.com2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and steadily rose through the ranks of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a>. A progressive,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> centrist reformer,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Local_Government_Board" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board">Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board</a> by Sir <a href="/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman">Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a> in 1905, a post he held until 1907. Runciman's friends in Campbell-Bannerman's cabinet were <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Buxton" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Buxton">Sydney Buxton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hobhouse" title="Charles Hobhouse">Charles Hobhouse</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Morley" title="John Morley">John Morley</a>, all on the left.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>He then served as <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Financial Secretary to the Treasury">Financial Secretary to the Treasury</a> until 1908. In April of the latter year he was sworn of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appointed to his first Cabinet post, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Education">President of the Board of Education</a>, by the new prime minister, <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a>, which position he retained for three years. Runciman approved of financing the purchase of land in Ireland, but the policy was becoming prohibitively expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the small group, that included <a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">Reginald McKenna</a>, who believed in sound public finances;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> they had witnessed the lax administration of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Ireland" title="Chief Secretary for Ireland">Chief Secretary for Ireland</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (January 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Runciman, along with McKenna and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane,_1st_Viscount_Haldane" title="Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane">Lord Haldane</a>, pressured Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a> to reject Chancellor of the Exchequer <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a>'s 1910 <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Budget" title="People's Budget">People's Budget</a> raising <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Taxation in the United Kingdom">taxes</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Landed_nobility" title="Landed nobility">landed aristocracy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_class_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper class (UK)">upper class</a> to pay for <a href="/wiki/Liberal_welfare_reforms" title="Liberal welfare reforms">welfare programs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He then served another three years as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Agriculture">President of the Board of Agriculture</a>. Runciman did not want war with the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> and favoured an understanding with her, but like others in the Cabinet was not able to exert much influence over foreign policy.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_policies">Other policies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other policies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Runciman was a personal friend of <a href="/wiki/Margot_Asquith" title="Margot Asquith">Margot Asquith</a>, and a highly valued colleague in Cabinet. He supported the <a href="/wiki/Haldane_Mission" title="Haldane Mission">Haldane Mission</a> of 1912, in a purged cabinet dominated by like-minded <a href="/wiki/Liberal_League_(United_Kingdom)" title="Liberal League (United Kingdom)">Liberal Leaguers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his allies believed that there would be peace in the long run, as the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Navy" title="Imperial German Navy">Imperial German Navy</a> was 'a luxury' too expensive for the Reich to maintain.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Runciman was also in the McKenna dining group that opposed escalation of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-German_naval_arms_race" title="Anglo-German naval arms race">Anglo-German naval arms race</a>, and in January 1914 opposed First Lord of the Admiralty <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>'s high naval estimates. The left-wing cabinet members desired specificity to Admiralty reductions, but the admirals themselves opposed them. </p><p>Runciman joined <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Lloyd George">Lloyd George</a>'s "Council of War" on 13 June, which was mainly designed to exculpate Lloyd George of any involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Marconi_scandal" title="Marconi scandal">Marconi scandal</a>. Runciman had done much to encourage Lloyd George as Chancellor in increasing levels of trade. </p><p>Runciman encouraged political dialogue, socialism, and <a href="/wiki/James_Larkin" title="James Larkin">James Larkin</a>'s movement in <a href="/wiki/British_Ireland_(1801-1921)" class="mw-redirect" title="British Ireland (1801-1921)">Ireland</a>, which the cabinet swiftly sought to decriminalise.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Runciman was one of those who agreed to fight the <a href="/wiki/Larne_gun-running" title="Larne gun-running">Larne gun-running</a> incident by seizure of weapons. The cabinet banned all arms shipments to Ireland on 25 November. </p><p>Runciman was also sympathetic to addressing issues concerning rural areas,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as improved wages for agricultural labourers<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the provision of housing.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposing_total_war">Opposing total war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Opposing total war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1914, on the <a href="/wiki/British_entry_into_World_War_I" title="British entry into World War I">British entry into World War I</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Burns" title="John Burns">John Burns</a>, resigned and on Sunday 2 August Runciman was appointed to succeed him.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Board of Trade reported in October 1914 a build-up of German shipping at <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>; a record 187 ships entered British ports on 15 October, meaning the war seemed to be good for business. He approved food for <a href="/wiki/Belgian_refugees" title="Belgian refugees">Belgian refugees</a>. On 12 January 1915, he agreed to send a memo to the US government to ban all copper imports to Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Runciman was wholly sympathetic to Lloyd George's proposal to actively intervene in union wage disputes since "men were not malingering, but worn out...". The statement preceded the mass employment of women in factories. Runciman proposed a bill "commandeering" the armaments factories for the national war effort. Sitting between McKenna and Hobhouse, he announced an industrial agreement to pay a guaranteed 15% dividend, plus depreciation. They discussed bringing German-owned dye industries into British ownership and a prohibition of coal exports.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Runciman encouraged <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kitchener,_1st_Earl_Kitchener" title="Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener">Kitchener</a> at dinner to remove <a href="/wiki/John_French,_1st_Earl_of_Ypres" title="John French, 1st Earl of Ypres">Sir John French</a> from command of the <a href="/wiki/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_I)" title="British Expeditionary Force (World War I)">British Expeditionary Force</a> (BEF). They also discussed Asquith's removal since his wife, <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Runciman" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilda Runciman">Hilda Runciman</a>, had called the Prime Minister "brains in aspic".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Runciman was against any suggestion of internment of aliens, yet they were nonetheless confined in large numbers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Board_of_Trade">Board of Trade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Board of Trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Runciman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Walter_Runciman.jpg/170px-Walter_Runciman.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Walter_Runciman.jpg/255px-Walter_Runciman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/Walter_Runciman.jpg/340px-Walter_Runciman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>Runciman in circa 1916</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 1915, after seeking Sir <a href="/wiki/Edward_Grey,_1st_Viscount_Grey_of_Fallodon" title="Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon">Edward Grey</a>'s counsel at the Foreign Office, Runciman agreed to serve in Asquith's new coalition government. Asquith had formed this without consulting most of the outgoing Liberal cabinet; a week later he was promoted to President of the Board of Trade.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By October, the cabinet was in open conflict, with the Conservatives (and Chancellor Lloyd George) demanding the introduction of conscription. He threatened to resign over the issue but in the end did not do so when it was carried into law in the <a href="/wiki/Military_Service_Act_1916" title="Military Service Act 1916">Military Service Act 1916</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Like McKenna, Runciman was against total warfare of which Compulsory Service formed a major part. He resented the Conservative Army interests pre-eminent in government from spring 1916. <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Haig,_1st_Earl_Haig" title="Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig">General Haig</a> had been convinced they intended to split the cabinet against Asquith.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Runciman and his allies continued to argue that conscription would damage the war effort by "depleting industry"; <a href="/wiki/Margot_Asquith" title="Margot Asquith">Margot Asquith</a> had already tried to split up the axis within the Cabinet by inviting Runciman and then McKenna to tea separately. However, Runciman continued to enjoy good relations with the Chancellor because they shared the aims of improving trade receipts, reducing debt, and increasing output.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Runciman resigned along with the rest of Asquith's government in December 1916. He did not serve in the new coalition headed by <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a>. In the splits that were to rage in the Liberal Party for the next seven years, Runciman remained prominent in opposition to Lloyd George, especially when the latter became <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberal Party</a> in 1926. </p><p>He lost his seat in the <a href="/wiki/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1918 United Kingdom general election">1918 general election</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-leighrayment.com2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leighrayment.com2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and failed to get elected in the <a href="/wiki/1920_Edinburgh_North_by-election" title="1920 Edinburgh North by-election">1920 Edinburgh North by-election</a> but was returned for <a href="/wiki/Swansea_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Swansea West (UK Parliament constituency)">Swansea West</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1924_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1924 United Kingdom general election">1924 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1929–1940"><span id="1929.E2.80.931940"></span>1929–1940</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1929–1940"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.JPG/220px-Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Walter Runciman, <a href="/wiki/Etching" title="Etching">etching</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Strang" title="William Strang">William Strang</a>, 1913</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929 general election</a>, the Liberals emerged holding the balance of power between the Conservatives and <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a>. Runciman took the seat of <a href="/wiki/St_Ives_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="St Ives (UK Parliament constituency)">St Ives</a>, which his wife <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Runciman" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilda Runciman">Hilda</a> had won in a <a href="/wiki/1928_St_Ives_by-election" title="1928 St Ives by-election">by-election</a> the previous year.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Capt. Sydney Augustus Velden, Liberal Agent for St. Ives was instrumental in Runciman's successful election. The Runcimans were the first man and wife to sit concurrently in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lrb2016_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lrb2016-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Liberals soon found themselves heavily divided over how to respond to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Great Depression in the United Kingdom">Great Depression</a>, whether or not to continue supporting the <a href="/wiki/Second_MacDonald_ministry" title="Second MacDonald ministry">Labour government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a> and even over the basic direction of the party.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1931, the cause of the strife was seemingly removed when the Labour government was succeeded by an all-party <a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931)" title="National Government (1931)">National Government</a>. Further division emerged, however, when it was proposed that the National Government call a general election to seek a mandate to introduce <a href="/wiki/Tariffs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariffs">protective tariffs</a>, a policy that was anathema to Runciman and many other Liberals. Officially, the Liberals threatened to withdraw from the government, but a group led by <a href="/wiki/John_Simon,_1st_Viscount_Simon" title="John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon">Sir John Simon</a> emerged as the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)" title="National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)">Liberal Nationals</a>, mainly composed of those who had been opposed to Lloyd George's leadership and who were prepared to continue to support the National Government. A compromise was worked out whereby each party in the National Government campaigned on its own manifesto.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931%E2%80%931935)" title="National Government (1931–1935)">National Government</a> won a massive majority in the <a href="/wiki/1931_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1931 United Kingdom general election">1931 general election</a>, the Cabinet was reconstructed. It was felt prudent to balance the key Cabinet committee that would take the decisions on tariffs; and so Runciman was appointed <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a> once more, in the belief that he would serve as a counterbalance to the protectionist <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a>. However, like the other Liberal Nationals, Runciman came to accept the principle of tariffs, amended in November 1931 to 10% in favour of a balance of trade recommended by a Tariff Board.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When in late 1932 the official Liberals (the Samuelites) resigned their ministerial posts, Runciman very nearly resigned with them. In 1933 the official Liberals withdrew completely their support for the National Government but Runciman remained in office, despite holding the presidency of the extra-Parliamentary <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Federation" title="National Liberal Federation">National Liberal Federation</a> until 1934. He concluded the <a href="/wiki/Roca-Runciman_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Roca-Runciman Treaty">Roca-Runciman Treaty</a> with <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> (one of the events of the <a href="/wiki/Infamous_Decade" title="Infamous Decade">Infamous Decade</a>), initiated by that country to avoid the curtailment of Argentine beef imports. </p><p>In a 1934 speech Runciman defended the record of the National Government, citing measures such as a town and country planning country act, “the opening of the greatest crusades against slums ever attempted in any country,” and an upcoming unemployment insurance bill.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Runciman remained as President of the Board of Trade until May 1937 when <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a> retired and his successor, <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a>, only offered Runciman the <a href="/wiki/Sinecure" title="Sinecure">sinecure</a> position of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a>, an offer Runciman declined.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1937 he was raised to the peerage as <b>Viscount Runciman of Doxford</b>, of Doxford in the <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">County of Northumberland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four years earlier his father had been created Baron Runciman and "of Doxford" was consequently used to differentiate from his father's title. This was a rare case of a father and son sitting in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> at the same time, with the son holding a superior title. A few months later his father died, and he inherited both the barony and his father's shipping business.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mission_to_Czechoslovakia">Mission to Czechoslovakia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mission to Czechoslovakia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Runciman_Mission" title="Runciman Mission">Runciman Mission</a></div> <p>Runciman returned to public life in early August 1938, when Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Neville Chamberlain</a> sent him on a <a href="/wiki/Runciman_Mission" title="Runciman Mission">mission to Czechoslovakia</a> to mediate in a dispute between the Government of <a href="/wiki/First_Czechoslovak_Republic" title="First Czechoslovak Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sudeten_German_Party" title="Sudeten German Party">Sudeten German Party</a> (SdP), which represented most of the <a href="/wiki/Sudeten_Germans" title="Sudeten Germans">ethnic Germans</a> of the border regions, which were known as the <a href="/wiki/Sudetenland" title="Sudetenland">Sudetenland</a>. Unknown to Runciman, the SdP, which ostensibly called for autonomy for the Sudetenland, followed instructions from <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> not to reach any agreement on the matter, and thus the attempts at mediation failed. With international tension rising in <a href="/wiki/Central_and_Eastern_Europe" title="Central and Eastern Europe">Central and Eastern Europe</a>, Runciman was recalled to London on 16 September 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sudetendeutsche.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sudetendeutsche.png/300px-Sudetendeutsche.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sudetendeutsche.png/450px-Sudetendeutsche.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sudetendeutsche.png/600px-Sudetendeutsche.png 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>Districts in Czechoslovakia with an ethnic German population of 20% or more (pink), 50% or more (red), and 80% or more (dark red) according to the census of 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The published outcome of the mission, known as the <a href="/wiki/Runciman_Report_(on_Czechoslovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Runciman Report (on Czechoslovakia)">Runciman Report</a>, was issued by the mediator on 21 September 1938 in the form of letters addressed to Neville Chamberlain and <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Bene%C5%A1" title="Edvard Beneš">Edvard Beneš</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Czechoslovakia">President of Czechoslovakia</a>. The report held the SdP responsible for breaking off negotiations with the Czechoslovak government although the revised government proposals met "almost all the requirements" of the SdP. Runciman considered the actions of the Czechoslovak authorities to be "not actively oppressive, and certainly not 'terroristic'" but "marked by tactlessness, lack of understanding, petty intolerance and discrimination". The multiple complaints of economic and political discrimination voiced by the Sudeten Germans were, he believed, "in the main justified" and gave rise to a feeling of "hopelessness", but "the rise of Nazi Germany gave them new hope". Runciman, therefore, considered "their turning for help towards their kinsmen and their eventual desire to join the Reich as a natural development in the circumstances". This led him to conclude "that these frontier districts should at once be transferred from Czechoslovakia to Germany".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chamberlain agreed to the transfer of the border regions of Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany at the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Munich Conference">Munich Conference</a> on 30 September 1938. Archival evidence suggests that the recommendations of the Runciman Report were amended at a late stage of the drafting to provide justification for Chamberlain's policy of territorial transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further controversy arose from Runciman's use of his weekend leisure time in Czechoslovakia. That was spent mostly but not entirely on the country estates of members of the SdP-supporting Sudeten German aristocracy in a social and political environment hostile to the Czechoslovak government.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1938, after the Munich Agreement, Chamberlain reshuffled his Cabinet and appointed Runciman as <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a>. He held that post until the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> in September 1939. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lord Runciman of Doxford married <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Runciman,_Viscountess_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Hilda Runciman, Viscountess Runciman of Doxford">Hilda</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/James_Cochran_Stevenson" title="James Cochran Stevenson">James Cochran Stevenson</a>, in 1898. They had two sons and three daughters. Their daughter <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fairweather" title="Margaret Fairweather">Margaret Fairweather</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (married Douglas Fairweather who established the Air Movements Flight in 1942, later joined by Margaret) was the first woman to fly a <a href="/wiki/Supermarine_Spitfire" title="Supermarine Spitfire">Spitfire</a> and was one of the original eight female pilots selected by <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Gower" title="Pauline Gower">Pauline Gower</a> to join the <a href="/wiki/Air_Transport_Auxiliary" title="Air Transport Auxiliary">Air Transport Auxiliary</a>. Margaret was killed in 1944 whilst landing a <a href="/wiki/Percival_Proctor" title="Percival Proctor">Proctor</a>. Their second son, the Honourable Sir <a href="/wiki/Steven_Runciman" title="Steven Runciman">Steven Runciman</a>, was a historian. Lord Runciman of Doxford died in November 1949, aged 78, and was succeeded in the viscountcy by his eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Runciman,_2nd_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Leslie Runciman, 2nd Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Leslie</a>. Lady Runciman died in 1956, aged 87. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arms">Arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg/400px-Coat_of_arms_of_Viscounts_Runciman_of_Doxford.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="712" /></a></span> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Crest</dt> <dd>A seahorse erect gules, holding in the fore fins a thistle as in the arms.</dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Per fess or and azure a lymphad oars in action, the sail charged with a thistle leaved and slipped proper, flags flying to the dexter gules.</dd> <dt>Supporters</dt> <dd>On either side a seahorse or gorged with a chain pendent therefrom a grappling iron azure.</dd> <dt>Motto</dt> <dd>"By sea"</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On 3 August, <a href="/wiki/William_Lygon,_7th_Earl_Beauchamp" title="William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp">Beauchamp</a> joined Burns and Morley who had all stepped down.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dnb-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dnb_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Pugh_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Pugh (author)">Pugh, Martin</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35868">"Runciman, Walter, first Viscount Runciman of Doxford (1870–1949)"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, January 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2017 <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leighrayment.com1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leighrayment.com1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leighrayment.com1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215181722/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Ocommons.htm">Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "O" </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette27402" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27402/page/646">"No. 27402"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 31 January 1902. p. 646.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+27402&rft.pages=646&rft.date=1902-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F27402%2Fpage%2F646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leighrayment.com2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leighrayment.com2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leighrayment.com2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090810231339/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Dcommons2.htm">House of Commons: Devizes to Dorset West</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCott1999–2000" class="citation journal cs1">Cott, Nick (Winter 1999–2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liberalhistory.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/25_cott_tory_cuckoos_in_the_liberal_nest.pdf">"Tory cuckoos in the Liberal nest? The case of the Liberal Nationals: a re-evaluation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Liberal Democrat History</i> (25). <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrat_History_Group" title="Liberal Democrat History Group">Liberal Democrat History Group</a>: 24–30, 51. <q>However, since he and other Liberal Council members were able to go into the 1929 election supporting the Lloyd George programme (at least in public), it is unclear how seriously the criticisms should be taken. Sheer spite, rather than real policy disagreements, may have had more to do with it, particularly since before the war Runciman had been broadly progressive and in favour of state intervention in the economy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Liberal+Democrat+History&rft.atitle=Tory+cuckoos+in+the+Liberal+nest%3F+The+case+of+the+Liberal+Nationals%3A+a+re-evaluation&rft.ssn=winter&rft.issue=25&rft.pages=24-30%2C+51&rft.date=1999%2F2000&rft.aulast=Cott&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberalhistory.org.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F10%2F25_cott_tory_cuckoos_in_the_liberal_nest.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTanner2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Tanner" title="Duncan Tanner">Tanner, Duncan</a> (2002). "2: Ideas and Politics, 1906-1914". <i>Political Change and the Labour Party 1900-1918</i> (paperback ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 45. <q>More moderate, Centrist, reformers included W. S. Churchill (Under Sec., Colonies), Walter Runciman (Parl. Sec., Education), and A. Ure, (Solicitor-General, Scotland).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=2%3A+Ideas+and+Politics%2C+1906-1914&rft.btitle=Political+Change+and+the+Labour+Party+1900-1918&rft.pages=45&rft.edition=paperback&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette28129" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28129/page/2935">"No. 28129"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 17 April 1908. p. 2935.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+28129&rft.pages=2935&rft.date=1908-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F28129%2Fpage%2F2935&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hobhouse" title="Charles Hobhouse">Hobhouse, Charles</a> (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2010" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, John (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/pistolsatdawntwo0000camp"><i>Pistols at Dawn: Two Hundred Years of Political Rivalry from Pitt and Fox to Blair and Brown</i></a>. Internet Archive. London: Vintage. p. 149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84595-091-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84595-091-0"><bdi>978-1-84595-091-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pistols+at+Dawn%3A+Two+Hundred+Years+of+Political+Rivalry+from+Pitt+and+Fox+to+Blair+and+Brown&rft.place=London&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84595-091-0&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpistolsatdawntwo0000camp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a>, <i>The Hidden Perspectives: The Military Conversations of 1906-1914</i>, p. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1">Hobhouse, Charles (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">David Owen</a>, <i>The Hidden Perspectives: The Military Conversations of 1906-1914</i>, p. 185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see also: <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Crisis_1911-1918" class="mw-redirect" title="The World Crisis 1911-1918">The World Crisis 1911-1918</a></i> (London, 1938), pp. i, 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1">Hobhouse, Charles (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. pp. 148–149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=148-149&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Liberal Chronicle in Peace and War Journals and Papers of J. A. Pease, 1st Lord Gainford, 1911-1915, 2023, P.258</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1914/jul/28/agricultural-labourers-wages#S5CV0065P0_19140728_HOC_190">Agricultural Labourers (Wages). HC Deb 28 July 1914 vol 65 cc1107-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1914/jul/30/housing-bill#S5CV0065P0_19140730_CWA_72">Housing Bill. HC Deb 30 July 1914 vol 65 c1592W</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1">Hobhouse, Charles (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. pp. 202, 216. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=202%2C+216&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1">Hobhouse, Charles (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. pp. 224–225, 228, 232. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=224-225%2C+228%2C+232&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobhouse1977" class="citation book cs1">Hobhouse, Charles (1977). Edward David (ed.). <i>Inside Asquith's Cabinet: From the Diaries of Charles Hobhouse</i>. John Murray. p. 238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719533872" title="Special:BookSources/0719533872"><bdi>0719533872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Asquith%27s+Cabinet%3A+From+the+Diaries+of+Charles+Hobhouse&rft.pages=238&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0719533872&rft.aulast=Hobhouse&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">19 May 1915, Runciman to Reginald McKenna, McKenna Papers; Wilson (ed.), Scott's Diaries, p.122</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">12 February 1916, Haig, <i>Diary</i>, pp. 179–80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a>, <i>The Chancellors</i>, pp. 202–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205092328/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Scommons6.htm">House of Commons: Sudbury to Swindon South</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090810231702/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Scommons1.htm">House of Commons: Saffron Walden to Salford West</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lrb2016-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lrb2016_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2016" class="citation news cs1">Hill, Rosemary (20 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v38/n20/rosemary-hill/herberts-and-herbertinas">"Herberts & Herbertinas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Herberts+%26+Herbertinas&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv38%2Fn20%2Frosemary-hill%2Fherberts-and-herbertinas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a>, <i>The Chancellors</i>, p. 346.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Telegraph (Queensland) April 30, 1934, P.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vyšný, Paul, <i>The Runciman Mission to Czechoslovakia, 1938: Prelude to Munich</i>, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire, 2003, p. 88. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-73136-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-73136-0">0-333-73136-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette34407" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34407/page/3750">"No. 34407"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 11 June 1937. p. 3750.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+34407&rft.pages=3750&rft.date=1937-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F34407%2Fpage%2F3750&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vyšný, Paul, <i>The Runciman Mission to Czechoslovakia, 1938: Prelude to Munich</i>, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-73136-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-73136-0">0-333-73136-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Statistický lexikon obcí v Republice československé I. Země česká</i>, Prague, 1934, and <i>Statistický lexikon obcí v Republice československé II. Země moravskoslezská</i>, Prague, 1935.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919–1939</i>, Third Series, vol. 2, London, 1949, appendix II, pp. 675-679.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Bruegel, J.W., <i>Czechoslovakia Before Munich: The German Minority Problem and British Appeasement Policy</i>, Cambridge, 1973, pp. 272–278.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Glassheim, Eagle, <i>Noble Nationalists: The Transformation of the Bohemian Aristocracy</i>, Cambridge, MA, 2005, pp. 178–186</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-48691">"Runciman [née Stevenson], Hilda, Viscountess Runciman of Doxford (1869–1956), politician"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F48691">10.1093/ref:odnb/48691</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Runciman+%5Bn%C3%A9e+Stevenson%5D%2C+Hilda%2C+Viscountess+Runciman+of+Doxford+%281869%E2%80%931956%29%2C+politician&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F48691&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-48691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/debrettspeerageb0000unse_r0m8/page/1392"><i>Debrett's peerage and baronetage</i></a>. Debrett's Peerage Ltd. 2002. p. 1392.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Debrett%27s+peerage+and+baronetage&rft.pages=1392&rft.pub=Debrett%27s+Peerage+Ltd.&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdebrettspeerageb0000unse_r0m8%2Fpage%2F1392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWalter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/32px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/48px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/64px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cornwall" title="Portal:Cornwall">Cornwall portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28Walter+Runciman%2C+1st+Viscount+Runciman+of+Doxford%29%20OR%20%28%221870-1949%22%20AND%20Doxford%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gac.culture.gov.uk/search/Object.asp?object_key=16272">Portrait of Lord Runciman of Doxford at UK Government Art Collection</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i> 1803–2005: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-walter-runciman">contributions in Parliament by the Viscount Runciman of Doxford</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/015181">Newspaper clippings about Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ascroft" title="Robert Ascroft">Robert Ascroft</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Oswald" title="James Francis Oswald">James Francis Oswald</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Oldham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oldham (UK Parliament constituency)">Oldham</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1899_Oldham_by-election" title="1899 Oldham by-election">1899</a>–<a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a> <br />With: <b> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Emmott,_1st_Baron_Emmott" title="Alfred Emmott, 1st Baron Emmott">Alfred Emmott</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Emmott,_1st_Baron_Emmott" title="Alfred Emmott, 1st Baron Emmott">Alfred Emmott</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Oldroyd" title="Mark Oldroyd">Mark Oldroyd</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Dewsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dewsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Dewsbury</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1902_Dewsbury_by-election" title="1902 Dewsbury by-election">1902</a>–<a href="/wiki/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1918 United Kingdom general election">1918</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Pickering" title="Emil Pickering">Emil William Pickering</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Howel_Walter_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Howel Walter Samuel">Howel Walter Samuel</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Swansea_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Swansea West (UK Parliament constituency)">Swansea West</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1924_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1924 United Kingdom general election">1924</a>–<a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Howel_Walter_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Howel Walter Samuel">Howel Walter Samuel</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hilda_Runciman,_Viscountess_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Hilda Runciman, Viscountess Runciman of Doxford">Hilda Runciman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/St_Ives_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="St Ives (UK Parliament constituency)">St Ives</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929</a>–<a href="/wiki/1937_St_Ives_by-election" title="1937 St Ives by-election">1937</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Beechman" title="Alec Beechman">Alec Beechman</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Frederick_Jeffreys" title="Arthur Frederick Jeffreys">Arthur Frederick Jeffreys</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Local_Government_Board" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board">Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board</a> </b><br />1905–1907 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_James_Macnamara" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas James Macnamara">Thomas James Macnamara</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">Reginald McKenna</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Financial Secretary to the Treasury">Financial Secretary to the Treasury</a> </b><br />1907–1908 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Hobhouse,_4th_Baronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Charles Hobhouse, 4th Baronet">Charles Hobhouse</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">Reginald McKenna</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Education">President of the Board of Education</a> </b><br />1908–1911 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pease,_1st_Baron_Gainford" title="Jack Pease, 1st Baron Gainford">Jack Pease</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wynn-Carington,_1st_Marquess_of_Lincolnshire" title="Charles Wynn-Carington, 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire">The Earl Carrington</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food" title="Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food">President of the Board of Agriculture</a> </b><br />1911–1914 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Auberon_Herbert,_9th_Baron_Lucas" title="Auberon Herbert, 9th Baron Lucas">The Lord Lucas</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Burns" title="John Burns">John Burns</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a> </b><br />1914–1916 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stanley,_1st_Baron_Ashfield" title="Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield">Sir Albert Stanley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Cunliffe-Lister,_1st_Earl_of_Swinton" title="Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton">Sir Philip Cunliffe Lister</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a> </b><br />1931–1937 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Hon. Oliver Stanley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hogg,_1st_Viscount_Hailsham" title="Douglas Hogg, 1st Viscount Hailsham">The Viscount Hailsham</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a> </b><br />1938–1939 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Stanhope,_7th_Earl_Stanhope" title="James Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope">The Earl Stanhope</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Peerage of the United Kingdom">Peerage of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New creation</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Viscount Runciman of Doxford</a> </b><br />June 1937 – 1949 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Runciman,_2nd_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Leslie Runciman, 2nd Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Leslie Runciman</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Runciman,_1st_Baron_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman">Walter Runciman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Baron Runciman</a> </b><br />August 1937 – 1949 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_baronetcies" title="List of extant baronetcies">Baronetage of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Runciman,_1st_Baron_Runciman" title="Walter Runciman, 1st Baron Runciman">Walter Runciman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Runciman_baronets" class="mw-redirect" title="Runciman baronets">Baronet</a> </b><br /><i>of Doxford</i><br />August 1937 – 1949 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Runciman,_2nd_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford" title="Leslie Runciman, 2nd Viscount Runciman of Doxford">Leslie Runciman</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ashley_Cooper,_1st_Earl_of_Shaftesbury" title="Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury">Shaftesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Egerton,_3rd_Earl_of_Bridgewater" title="John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Grey,_2nd_Earl_of_Stamford" title="Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford">Stamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thynne,_1st_Viscount_Weymouth" title="Thomas Thynne, 1st Viscount Weymouth">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Grey,_2nd_Earl_of_Stamford" title="Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford">Stamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Finch,_4th_Earl_of_Winchilsea" title="Charles Finch, 4th Earl of Winchilsea">Winchilsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_North,_2nd_Baron_Guilford" title="Francis North, 2nd Baron Guilford">Guilford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Berkeley,_4th_Baron_Berkeley_of_Stratton" title="William Berkeley, 4th Baron Berkeley of Stratton">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Howard,_6th_Earl_of_Suffolk" title="Henry Howard, 6th Earl of Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Darcy,_3rd_Earl_of_Holderness" title="Robert Darcy, 3rd Earl of Holderness">Holderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Mildmay,_1st_Earl_FitzWalter" title="Benjamin Mildmay, 1st Earl FitzWalter">FitzWalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Monson,_1st_Baron_Monson" title="John Monson, 1st Baron Monson">Monson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Montagu-Dunk,_2nd_Earl_of_Halifax" title="George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax">Halifax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sandys,_1st_Baron_Sandys" title="Samuel Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys">Sandys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Townshend" title="Charles Townshend">Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne" title="William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne">Shelburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wills_Hill,_1st_Marquess_of_Downshire" title="Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Legge,_2nd_Earl_of_Dartmouth" title="William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth">Dartmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wills_Hill,_1st_Marquess_of_Downshire" title="Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nugent,_1st_Earl_Nugent" title="Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent">Nugent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wills_Hill,_1st_Marquess_of_Downshire" title="Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Legge,_2nd_Earl_of_Dartmouth" title="William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth">Dartmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Germain,_1st_Viscount_Sackville" title="George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville">Sackville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Howard,_5th_Earl_of_Carlisle" title="Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Robinson,_2nd_Baron_Grantham" title="Thomas Robinson, 2nd Baron Grantham">Grantham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Townshend,_1st_Viscount_Sydney" title="Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney">Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jenkinson,_1st_Earl_of_Liverpool" title="Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Graham,_3rd_Duke_of_Montrose" title="James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose">Montrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eden,_1st_Baron_Auckland" title="William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland">Auckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Bathurst,_3rd_Earl_Bathurst" title="Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst">Bathurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Trench,_2nd_Earl_of_Clancarty" title="Richard Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty">Clancarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._J._Robinson,_1st_Viscount_Goderich" title="F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Huskisson" title="William Huskisson">Huskisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grant,_1st_Baron_Glenelg" title="Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vesey-FitzGerald,_2nd_Baron_FitzGerald_and_Vesey" title="William Vesey-FitzGerald, 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey">Vesey-Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Herries" title="John Charles Herries">Herries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eden,_1st_Earl_of_Auckland" title="George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland">Auckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Poulett_Thomson,_1st_Baron_Sydenham" title="Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham">Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Baring,_1st_Baron_Ashburton" title="Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton">Baring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Poulett_Thomson,_1st_Baron_Sydenham" title="Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham">Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Labouchere,_1st_Baron_Taunton" title="Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton">Labouchere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._J._Robinson,_1st_Viscount_Goderich" title="F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Broun-Ramsay,_1st_Marquess_of_Dalhousie" title="James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie">Dalhousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Villiers,_4th_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon">Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Labouchere,_1st_Baron_Taunton" title="Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton">Labouchere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._W._Henley" title="J. W. Henley">Henley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Cardwell,_1st_Viscount_Cardwell" title="Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell">Cardwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanley,_2nd_Baron_Stanley_of_Alderley" title="Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._W._Henley" title="J. W. Henley">Henley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hely-Hutchinson,_4th_Earl_of_Donoughmore" title="Richard Hely-Hutchinson, 4th Earl of Donoughmore">Donoughmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Milner_Gibson" title="Thomas Milner Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Northcote,_1st_Earl_of_Iddesleigh" title="Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh">Northcote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gordon-Lennox,_6th_Duke_of_Richmond" title="Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bright" title="John Bright">Bright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichester_Parkinson-Fortescue,_1st_Baron_Carlingford" title="Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford">Parkinson-Fortescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Adderley,_1st_Baron_Norton" title="Charles Adderley, 1st Baron Norton">Adderley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Ryder,_3rd_Earl_of_Harrowby" title="Dudley Ryder, 3rd Earl of Harrowby">Sandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chamberlain" title="Joseph Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gordon-Lennox,_6th_Duke_of_Richmond" title="Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanhope" title="Edward Stanhope">Stanhope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._J._Mundella" title="A. J. Mundella">Mundella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stanley,_16th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hicks_Beach,_1st_Earl_St_Aldwyn" title="Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn">Hicks Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._J._Mundella" title="A. J. Mundella">Mundella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bryce,_1st_Viscount_Bryce" title="James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce">Bryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ritchie,_1st_Baron_Ritchie_of_Dundee" title="Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee">Ritchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Balfour,_2nd_Earl_of_Balfour" title="Gerald Balfour, 2nd Earl of Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gascoyne-Cecil,_4th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">Lloyd George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Buxton,_1st_Earl_Buxton" title="Sydney Buxton, 1st Earl Buxton">Buxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burns" title="John Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Runciman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stanley,_1st_Baron_Ashfield" title="Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auckland_Geddes,_1st_Baron_Geddes" title="Auckland Geddes, 1st Baron Geddes">Geddes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Horne,_1st_Viscount_Horne_of_Slamannan" title="Robert Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan">Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Cunliffe-Lister,_1st_Earl_of_Swinton" title="Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton">Cunliffe-Lister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Graham_(Edinburgh_MP)" title="William Graham (Edinburgh MP)">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Cunliffe-Lister,_1st_Earl_of_Swinton" title="Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton">Cunliffe-Lister</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Runciman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Duncan_(businessman)" title="Andrew Duncan (businessman)">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lyttelton,_1st_Viscount_Chandos" title="Oliver Lyttelton, 1st Viscount Chandos">Lyttelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Duncan_(businessman)" title="Andrew Duncan (businessman)">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Llewellin,_1st_Baron_Llewellin" title="John Llewellin, 1st Baron Llewellin">Llewellin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Dalton" title="Hugh Dalton">Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lyttelton,_1st_Viscount_Chandos" title="Oliver Lyttelton, 1st Viscount Chandos">Lyttelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartley_Shawcross" title="Hartley Shawcross">Shawcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thorneycroft" title="Peter Thorneycroft">Thorneycroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Eccles,_1st_Viscount_Eccles" title="David Eccles, 1st Viscount Eccles">Eccles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Maudling" title="Reginald Maudling">Maulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Erroll,_1st_Baron_Erroll_of_Hale" title="Frederick Erroll, 1st Baron Erroll of Hale">Erroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Jay" title="Douglas Jay">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Mason" title="Roy Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Noble,_Baron_Glenkinglas" title="Michael Noble, Baron Glenkinglas">Noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davies_(British_businessman)" title="John Davies (British businessman)">Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Walker,_Baron_Walker_of_Worcester" title="Peter Walker, Baron Walker of Worcester">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Benn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Varley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Joseph" title="Keith Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Jenkin" title="Patrick Jenkin">Jenkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shore" title="Peter Shore">Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dell" title="Edmund Dell">Dell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nott" title="John Nott">Nott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Biffen" title="John Biffen">Biffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cockfield,_Baron_Cockfield" title="Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield">Cockfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Parkinson" title="Cecil Parkinson">Parkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Tebbit" title="Norman Tebbit">Tebbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Brittan" title="Leon Brittan">Brittan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Channon" title="Paul Channon">Channon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Graffham" title="David Young, Baron Young of Graffham">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley,_Baron_Ridley_of_Liddesdale" title="Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale">Ridley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lilley" title="Peter Lilley">Lilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Heseltine" title="Michael Heseltine">Heseltine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Lang,_Baron_Lang_of_Monkton" title="Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mandelson" title="Peter Mandelson">Mandelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Byers" title="Stephen Byers">Byers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Hewitt" title="Patricia Hewitt">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Johnson" title="Alan Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Darling" title="Alistair Darling">Darling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hutton,_Baron_Hutton_of_Furness" title="John Hutton, Baron Hutton of Furness">Hutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Mandelson" title="Peter Mandelson">Mandelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Cable" title="Vince Cable">Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_Javid" title="Sajid Javid">Javid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Clark" title="Greg Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Fox" title="Liam Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Truss" title="Liz Truss">Truss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Marie_Trevelyan" title="Anne-Marie Trevelyan">Trevelyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Badenoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Reynolds" title="Jonathan Reynolds">Reynolds</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education" title="Secretary of State for Education">Education secretaries of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Education" title="Department for Education">Department for Education</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents of the Board of Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire">Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Vane-Tempest-Stewart,_6th_Marquess_of_Londonderry" title="Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry">Londonderry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_Birrell" title="Augustine Birrell">Birrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">McKenna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Runciman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pease,_1st_Baron_Gainford" title="Jack Pease, 1st Baron Gainford">Pease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crewe-Milnes,_1st_Marquess_of_Crewe" title="Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe">Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._A._L._Fisher" title="H. A. L. Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" title="Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Trevelyan,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Charles Trevelyan, 3rd Baronet">Trevelyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustace_Percy,_1st_Baron_Percy_of_Newcastle" title="Eustace Percy, 1st Baron Percy of Newcastle">Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Trevelyan,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Charles Trevelyan, 3rd Baronet">Trevelyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Lees-Smith" title="Hastings Lees-Smith">Lees-Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Maclean_(British_politician)" title="Donald Maclean (British politician)">Maclean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax" title="Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax">Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stanley" title="Oliver Stanley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stanhope,_7th_Earl_Stanhope" title="James Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope">Stanhope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbrand_Sackville,_9th_Earl_De_La_Warr" title="Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr">De La Warr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herwald_Ramsbotham,_1st_Viscount_Soulbury" title="Herwald Ramsbotham, 1st Viscount Soulbury">Soulbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Butler</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Education (United Kingdom)">Ministers of education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Law,_1st_Baron_Coleraine" title="Richard Law, 1st Baron Coleraine">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Wilkinson" title="Ellen Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tomlinson_(British_politician)" title="George Tomlinson (British politician)">Tomlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Horsbrugh,_Baroness_Horsbrugh" title="Florence Horsbrugh, Baroness Horsbrugh">Horsbrugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Eccles,_1st_Viscount_Eccles" title="David Eccles, 1st Viscount Eccles">Eccles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Hailsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Lloyd,_Baron_Geoffrey-Lloyd" title="Geoffrey Lloyd, Baron Geoffrey-Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Eccles,_1st_Viscount_Eccles" title="David Eccles, 1st Viscount Eccles">Eccles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Boyle,_Baron_Boyle_of_Handsworth" title="Edward Boyle, Baron Boyle of Handsworth">Boyle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secretaries of state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Hogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stewart,_Baron_Stewart_of_Fulham" title="Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gordon_Walker" title="Patrick Gordon Walker">Gordon Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Prentice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mulley" title="Fred Mulley">Mulley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Carlisle" title="Mark Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Joseph" title="Keith Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Baker,_Baron_Baker_of_Dorking" title="Kenneth Baker, Baron Baker of Dorking">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_MacGregor,_Baron_MacGregor_of_Pulham_Market" title="John MacGregor, Baron MacGregor of Pulham Market">MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Clarke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Patten,_Baron_Patten" title="John Patten, Baron Patten">Patten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Shephard" title="Gillian Shephard">Shephard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and employment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Shephard" title="Gillian Shephard">Shephard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Blunkett" title="David Blunkett">Blunkett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and skills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_Morris" title="Estelle Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Clarke" title="Charles Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Kelly" title="Ruth Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Johnson" title="Alan Johnson">Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children, schools and families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Balls" title="Ed Balls">Balls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Innovation, universities and skills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Denham_(politician)" title="John Denham (politician)">Denham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Gove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Morgan" title="Nicky Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Greening" title="Justine Greening">Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Hinds" title="Damian Hinds">Hinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadhim_Zahawi" title="Nadhim Zahawi">Zahawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Donelan" title="Michelle Donelan">Donelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cleverly" title="James Cleverly">Cleverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Malthouse" title="Kit Malthouse">Malthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Keegan" title="Gillian Keegan">Keegan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333376#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333376#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333376#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/77261879">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/346115/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwHgx7HW6TWgXXq8cpF8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124941311">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no94032451">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14561443f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14561443f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jx20090901015&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p175615640">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987008575661205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd124941311.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6vd85nb">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&oldid=1240279532">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walter_Runciman,_1st_Viscount_Runciman_of_Doxford&oldid=1240279532</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Runciman_family" title="Category:Runciman family">Runciman family</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1870_births" title="Category:1870 births">1870 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1949_deaths" title="Category:1949 deaths">1949 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_people_of_Scottish_descent" title="Category:English people of Scottish descent">English people of Scottish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_Secretaries_of_State_for_Education" title="Category:British Secretaries of State for Education">British Secretaries of State for Education</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lord_Presidents_of_the_Council" title="Category:Lord Presidents of the Council">Lord Presidents of the Council</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Category:Alumni of Trinity 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