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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Čas_in_prostor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Čas_in_prostor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Čas in prostor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Čas_in_prostor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kozmogonija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kozmogonija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kozmogonija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kozmogonija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poosebitve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poosebitve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Poosebitve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poosebitve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yggdrasil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yggdrasil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Yggdrasil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yggdrasil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Devet_svetov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Devet_svetov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Devet svetov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Devet_svetov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antropogenija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antropogenija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Antropogenija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antropogenija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eshatologija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eshatologija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eshatologija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eshatologija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glej_tudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glej_tudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Glej tudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glej_tudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sklici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sklici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sklici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sklici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Viri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nordijska kozmologija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 19 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanische_Kosmologie" title="Germanische Kosmologie – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Germanische Kosmologie" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmologia_germ%C3%A0nica" title="Cosmologia germànica – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cosmologia germànica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seversk%C3%A1_kosmologie" title="Severská kosmologie – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severská kosmologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dober članek"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordisk_kosmologi" title="Nordisk kosmologi – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nordisk kosmologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norse_cosmology" title="Norse cosmology – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Norse cosmology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmolog%C3%ADa_n%C3%B3rdica" title="Cosmología nórdica – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cosmología nórdica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="کیهان‌شناسی نورس – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کیهان‌شناسی نورس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmogonie_nordique" title="Cosmogonie nordique – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cosmogonie nordique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="היקום במיתולוגיה הנורדית – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היקום במיתולוגיה הנורדית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmologia_della_mitologia_norrena" title="Cosmologia della mitologia norrena – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cosmologia della mitologia norrena" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E3%81%A4%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="九つの世界 – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="九つの世界" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%99%89_%EA%B0%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84" title="아홉 개의 세계 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아홉 개의 세계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmologia_Nordica" title="Cosmologia Nordica – latinščina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cosmologia Nordica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmolojia_norsce_antica" title="Cosmolojia norsce antica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cosmolojia norsce antica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skandinav%C5%B3_kosmologija" title="Skandinavų kosmologija – litovščina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Skandinavų kosmologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordse_kosmogonie" title="Noordse kosmogonie – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Noordse kosmogonie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norr%C3%B8n_kosmologi" title="Norrøn kosmologi – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Norrøn kosmologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmologia_n%C3%B3rdica" title="Cosmologia nórdica – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cosmologia nórdica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordijska_kozmologija" title="Nordijska kozmologija – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nordijska kozmologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1798538#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sl" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Opis vesolja in njegovih zakonov s strani starodavnih severnogermanskih ljudstev<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predloga:SHORTDESC:Opis_vesolja_in_njegovih_zakonov_s_strani_starodavnih_severnogermanskih_ljudstev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predloga:SHORTDESC:Opis vesolja in njegovih zakonov s strani starodavnih severnogermanskih ljudstev (stran ne obstaja)">Predloga:SHORTDESC:Opis vesolja in njegovih zakonov s strani starodavnih severnogermanskih ljudstev</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/220px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/330px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/440px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="937" /></a><figcaption>Upodobitev <a href="/wiki/Poosebljenje" title="Poosebljenje">poosebitve</a> lune <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A1ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Máni (stran ne obstaja)">Máni</a> in sonca <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B3l_(sonce)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sól (sonce) (stran ne obstaja)">Sól</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenz Frølich (stran ne obstaja)">Lorenz Frølich</a>, 1895</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nordijska kozmologija</b> je opis vesolja in njegovih zakonov s strani starodavnih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Severnogermanska_ljudstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Severnogermanska ljudstva (stran ne obstaja)">severnogermanskih ljudstev</a>. Tema zajema koncepte iz <a href="/wiki/Nordijska_mitologija" title="Nordijska mitologija">nordijske mitologije</a>, kot so pojmi časa in prostora, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kozmogonija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kozmogonija (stran ne obstaja)">kozmogonije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poosebljenje" title="Poosebljenje">poosebljenja</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antropogenija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antropogenija (stran ne obstaja)">antropogenije</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eshatologija" title="Eshatologija">eshatologije</a>. Tako kot drugi vidiki nordijske mitologije so tudi ti koncepti zapisani predvsem v <i><a href="/wiki/Poeti%C4%8Dna_Edda" title="Poetična Edda">Poetični Eddi</a></i>, zbirki pesmi iz 13. stoletja, in <i><a href="/wiki/Prozna_Edda" title="Prozna Edda">Prozni Eddi</a></i>, ki jo je v 13. stoletju napisal islandski pesnik in zgodovinar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Snorri_Sturluson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Snorri Sturluson (stran ne obstaja)">Snorri Sturluson</a>, ki je vsebino črpal iz zgodnejših tradicionalnih virov. Vsi ti viri skupaj prikazujejo podobo devetih svetov okoli kozmičnega drevesa imenovanega <a href="/wiki/Yggdrasil" title="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Čas_in_prostor"><span id=".C4.8Cas_in_prostor"></span>Čas in prostor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Čas in prostor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Čas in prostor"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5590687">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glej tudi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Preporod_v_germanskem_poganstvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preporod v germanskem poganstvu (stran ne obstaja)">Preporod v germanskem poganstvu</a></div> <p>Koncepta časa in prostora igrata pomembno vlogo pri predstavitvi nordijske kozmologije v korpusu staronordijskih besedil. Čeprav si dogodki v norveški mitologiji sledijo linearno, različni raziskovalci starogermanske kulture opozarjajo, da bi lahko staronordijska besedila namigovala ali neposredno opisovala temeljno verovanje v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C4%8Dno_vra%C4%8Danje_(Eliade)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Večno vračanje (Eliade) (stran ne obstaja)">ciklični čas</a>. Po besedah filologa <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lindow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lindow (stran ne obstaja)">Johna Lindowa</a> bi se lahko »kozmos večkrat oblikoval in preoblikoval zaradi naraščajočega morja«.<sup id="cite_ref-LINDOW-2001-42-43_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LINDOW-2001-42-43-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kozmogonija">Kozmogonija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Kozmogonija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Kozmogonija"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nanašajoč se na različne druge eddske pesmi, prvi del <i>Prozne Edde</i> z naslovom <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gylfaginning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gylfaginning (stran ne obstaja)">Gylfaginning</a></i> opisuje razvoj in nastanek vesolja: Dolgo pred nastankom Zemlje, je obstajalo svetlo in goreče mesto, imenovano <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muspelheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muspelheim (stran ne obstaja)">Muspell</a>—tako vroč kraj, da tujci vanj niso mogli vstopiti—in meglena dežela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niflheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niflheim (stran ne obstaja)">Niflheim</a>. V Niflheimu je bil izvir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hvergelmir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hvergelmir (stran ne obstaja)">Hvergelmir</a>, iz katerega so tekle številne reke. Te reke, znane pod imenom Élivágar, so skupaj tekle vse dlje od svojega izvira. Sčasoma se je strupena snov v toku začela strjevati in se spremenila v led. Ko je tok popolnoma zmrznil, se je iz ledu dvignila strupena para, ki se je na vrhu trdne reke strdila v <a href="/wiki/Ivje" title="Ivje">ivje</a>. Te debele ledene plasti so se sčasoma večale in se razširile po vsej praznini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginnungagapa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ginnungagapa (stran ne obstaja)">Ginnungagapa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-10_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-10-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Severni del Ginunngagapa se je še naprej polnil s težo naraščajoče snovi in spremljajočimi hlapi, južni del pa je zaradi bližine Muspellovih isker in plamenov ostal prazen. Med Niflheimom in Muspellom, ledom in ognjem, je bilo mirno mesto, »blago kot brezvetrno nebo«. Ko sta se ivje in sopihajoča vročina srečala, se je tekočina stopila in začela kapljati, iz te zmesi pa je nastalo prvobitno bitje <a href="/wiki/Ymir" title="Ymir">Ymir</a>, prednik vseh <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tnar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jötnar">jötnar</a>. Ymir se je med spanjem znojil. Iz njegove leve roke sta zrasla moški in ženski jötunn, »in ena od njegovih nog je rodila sina z drugo«, in tudi te okončine so rodile otroke.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-10-11_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-10-11-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ymir se je hranil z rekami mleka, ki so tekle iz seskov prvobitne krave <a href="/w/index.php?title=Au%C3%B0umbla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auðumbla (stran ne obstaja)">Auðumble</a>. Auðumbla se je hranila s soljo, ki jo je lizala z ivnatih kamnov. V treh dneh je iz ivja izlizala lepega in močnega moškega, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BAri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Búri (stran ne obstaja)">Búrija</a>. Búrijev sin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borr (stran ne obstaja)">Borr</a> se je poročil z jötunn po imenu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bestla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bestla (stran ne obstaja)">Bestla</a> in imela sta tri sinove: bogove <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odina</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vili_in_V%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vili in Vé (stran ne obstaja)">Vilija in Véja</a>. Sinovi so skupaj ubili Ymirja, Ymirjeva kri pa se je razlila po deželi in povzročila velike poplave, v katerih so umrli vsi jötnar razen dveh (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bergelmir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bergelmir (stran ne obstaja)">Bergelmir</a> in njegova neimenovana žena, ki sta plula po poplavljeni pokrajini).<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-11_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-11-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Odin, Vili in Vé so Ymirjevo truplo odnesli v središče Ginunngagapa in ga tam razrezali. Iz Ymirjevega mesa so naredili zemljo; iz njegovih kosti skale; iz njegove krvi morje, jezera in oceane; iz njegovih kočnikov, zob in preostalih delov kosti pa melišče in kamenje. Zemljo so obkrožili z morjem in oblikovali krog. Iz Ymirjeve lobanje so naredili nebo, ki so ga postavili nad zemljo v štirih točkah, vsakega od katerih je držal <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0krat_(mitologija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Škrat (mitologija) (stran ne obstaja)">škrat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nor%C3%B0ri,_Su%C3%B0ri,_Austri_in_Vestri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norðri, Suðri, Austri in Vestri (stran ne obstaja)">Norðri, Suðri, Austri in Vestri</a>—staronordijski 'sever, jug, vzhod in zahod').<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-11_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-11-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ko so oblikovali kupolo Zemlje, so bratje Odin, Vili in Vé vzeli iskre svetlobe iz Muspella in jih razporedili okoli Zemlje, tako zgoraj kot spodaj. Nekatere so ostale nepremične, druge pa so se gibale po nebu po vnaprej določenih poteh. Trio je poskrbel za zemljo ob morju namenjeno jötnar, da pa bi zadržala njihovo sovražnost je trojica z Ymirjevimi trepalnicami zgradila utrdbo okoli središča kopnega. To utrdbo so poimenovali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mi%C3%B0gar%C3%B0r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miðgarðr (stran ne obstaja)">Miðgarðr</a> (staronordijsko »osrednja ograda«). Nazadnje so iz Ymirjevih možganov ustvarili oblake.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-11-12_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-11-12-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ko so se bratje sprehajali ob obali, so odkrili dve drevesi in iz njiju oblikovali človeka. Odin jima je dal duha in življenje, Vili pamet in čustva, Vé pa obliko, govor, sluh in vid. Dali so jima oblačila in imeni: moškemu so rekli Askr, ženski pa Embla. To sta bili prednika človeštva, ki sta živela v Midgardu, bratje pa so si sredi sveta ustvarila mesto <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asgard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asgard (stran ne obstaja)">Asgard</a>, kjer so od tedaj naprej živeli bogovi.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poosebitve">Poosebitve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: Poosebitve" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Poosebitve"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V nordijski mitologiji so poosebitve <a href="/wiki/Astronomsko_telo" title="Astronomsko telo">astronomskih teles</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cas" title="Čas">časa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vodno_telo" title="Vodno telo">vodnih teles</a> zelo pogoste. Sonce je poosebljeno kot boginja <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B3l_(sonce)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sól (sonce) (stran ne obstaja)">Sól</a> (staronordijsko »sonce«), luna je poosebljena kot moška oseba <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A1ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Máni (stran ne obstaja)">Máni</a> (staronordijsko »luna«) in tudi Zemlja je poosebljena kot <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6r%C3%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Jörð">Jörð</a> (staronordijsko »zemlja«).<sup id="cite_ref-SUN-MOON-EARTH_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SUN-MOON-EARTH-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/No%C4%8D" title="Noč">Noč</a> je poosebljena kot ženska <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötunn</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%B3tt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nótt (stran ne obstaja)">Nótt</a> (staronordijsko »noč«); <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan">dan</a> je poosebljen kot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dagr (stran ne obstaja)">Dagr</a> (staronordijsko »dan«); Dagrov oče, bog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dellingr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dellingr (stran ne obstaja)">Dellingr</a> (staronordijsko »sijoč«), pa je lahko na nek način poosebljen kot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zora (stran ne obstaja)">zora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIGHT-DAY-DAWN_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIGHT-DAY-DAWN-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vodna telesa so prav tako pogosto poosebljena, na primer boginja <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rán (stran ne obstaja)">Rán</a>, njen jötunn mož <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%86gir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ægir (stran ne obstaja)">Ægir</a> in njuni otroci, valovnice, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Devet_h%C4%8Dera_%C3%86girja_in_R%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Devet hčera Ægirja in Rán (stran ne obstaja)">devet hčera Ægirja in Rán</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RÁN-ÆGIR-DAUGHTERS_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RÁN-ÆGIR-DAUGHTERS-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: Yggdrasil" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Yggdrasil"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Yggdrasill,_the_mundane_tree_(26938965955).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg/220px-Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg/330px-Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg/440px-Yggdrasill%2C_the_mundane_tree_%2826938965955%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1305" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Poskus ilustracije Yggdrasila iz 19. stoletja, kot je opisan v <i>Prozni Eddi</i></figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članek: <a href="/wiki/Yggdrasil" title="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</a>.</i></div>Yggdrasil je drevo, ki je osrednjega pomena za nordijsko pojmovanje kozmosa. Veje drevesa segajo v različne svetove, na njem in okoli njega pa živijo različna bitja. <a href="/wiki/Azi" title="Azi">Bogovi</a> se vsak dan odpravijo k njemu, kjer se zberejo na svojih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thing_(zborovanje)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thing (zborovanje) (stran ne obstaja)">tradicionalnih zborovanjih</a>. Veje Yggdrasila segajo daleč v nebo, drevo pa podpirajo tri korenine, ki segajo daleč v druge svetove: ena do vodnjaka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ur%C3%B0arbrunnr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urðarbrunnr (stran ne obstaja)">Urðarbrunnr</a> v nebesih, druga do izvira <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hvergelmir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hvergelmir (stran ne obstaja)">Hvergelmir</a> in tretja do vodnjaka <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%ADmisbrunnr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mímisbrunnr (stran ne obstaja)">Mímisbrunnr</a>. V Yggdrasilu živijo bitja, kot so zmaj <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%AD%C3%B0h%C3%B6ggr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Níðhöggr (stran ne obstaja)">Níðhöggr</a>, neimenovani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve%C3%B0rf%C3%B6lnir_in_orel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veðrfölnir in orel (stran ne obstaja)">orel</a> ter jeleni <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A1inn,_Dvalinn,_Duneyrr_in_Dura%C3%BEr%C3%B3r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dáinn, Dvalinn, Duneyrr in Duraþrór (stran ne obstaja)">Dáinn, Dvalinn, Duneyrr in Duraþrór</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-YGGDRASIL_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YGGDRASIL-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Devet_svetov">Devet svetov</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi razdelek: Devet svetov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=5" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Devet svetov"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5590687" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glej tudi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0tevilke_v_germanskem_poganstvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Številke v germanskem poganstvu (stran ne obstaja)">Številke v germanskem poganstvu</a></div> <p>Staronordijska besedila omenjajo obstoj <i>Níu Heimar</i>, kar raziskovalci prevajajo kot »devet svetov«.<sup id="cite_ref-NINE-WORLDS2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NINE-WORLDS2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Po drugi kitici pesmi <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lusp%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Völuspá (stran ne obstaja)">Völuspá</a></i> (Bajanje vidke) iz <i>Poetične Edde</i> devet svetov obdaja drevo Yggdrasil. Kot se spominja mrtva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidka (stran ne obstaja)">vidka</a> v pesmi: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd>Spomnim se orjakov</dd> <dd>sivih davnin,</dd> <dd>zdavnaj nekoč so</dd> <dd>skrbeli zame,</dd> <dd>spomnim se devetih domov,</dd> <dd>devetih lesov,</dd> <dd>skritih pod zemljo:</dd> <dd>silni Jésen svetá.</dd> <dd></dd> <dd><small>prevod B. Gjuda in S. Košaka</small><sup id="cite_ref-Gjud-2004_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gjud-2004-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">(str.7)</sup></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Devet svetov je v <i>Poetični Eddi</i> drugič in zadnjič omenjenih v 43. kitici pesmi <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaf%C3%BEr%C3%BA%C3%B0nism%C3%A1l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vafþrúðnismál (stran ne obstaja)">Vafþrúðnismál</a></i> (Pesem o Vafthrudnirju), kjer se modri jötunn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaf%C3%BEr%C3%BA%C3%B0nir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vafþrúðnir (stran ne obstaja)">Vafþrúðnir</a> v spopadu modrosti spopade s preoblečenim bogom Odinom: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd>Vafthruthnir: <br /> O Jotun in vseh skrivnostih azov</dd> <dd>lahko gotovo govorim,</dd> <dd>saj sem potoval skozi vse svetove,</dd> <dd>devet kraljestev sem obiskal, vse do Nilfheima;</dd> <dd>tam potujejo junaki v Hel.</dd> <dd></dd> <dd><small>prirejeno po nemškem prevodu Karla J. Simrocka</small><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Devet svetov je v <i>Prozni Eddi</i> omenjenih le enkrat, in sicer v 34. razdelku <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gylfaginning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gylfaginning (stran ne obstaja)">Gylfaginninga</a></i>. V tem poglavju je opisano, kako je Odin vrgel <a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Lokijevo</a> hčer <a href="/wiki/Hel_(boginja)" title="Hel (boginja)">Hel</a> v podzemlje in ji podelil oblast nad vsemi devetimi svetovi: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5829682">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px;border:none}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0;border:none}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Hel pa je vrgel navzdol v Niflheim in ji dal oblast nad devetimi svetovi, da bi dodelila bivališča tistim, ki bi bili poslani k nje: takšnim, ki so umrli zaradi starosti in bolezni.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Prirejeno po nemškem prevodu Karla Josepha Simrocka, Die Edda, <a class="external text" href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Die_Edda_(Simrock_1876)/Snorra-Edda/Gylfaginn%C3%AEng">povezava</a></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Staronordijski korpus jasno ne navaja devetih svetov, če jih sploh omenja. Vendar pa so nekateri znanstveniki predlagali njihovo identifikacijo. Henry Adams Bellows (1923) na primer pravi, da devet svetov sestavljajo <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81sgar%C3%B0r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ásgarðr (stran ne obstaja)">Ásgarðr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanaheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanaheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Vanaheimr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lfheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álfheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Álfheimr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mi%C3%B0gar%C3%B0r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miðgarðr (stran ne obstaja)">Miðgarðr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6tunheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jötunheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Jötunheimr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BAspellsheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Múspellsheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Múspellsheimr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Svart%C3%A1lfaheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svartálfaheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Svartálfaheimr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niflheimr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niflheimr (stran ne obstaja)">Niflheimr</a> (včasih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hel_(lokacija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hel (lokacija) (stran ne obstaja)">Hel</a>) in morda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ni%C3%B0avellir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niðavellir (stran ne obstaja)">Niðavellir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BELLOWS-NINE-WORLDS2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BELLOWS-NINE-WORLDS2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nekatere izdaje prevodov <i>Poetične</i> in <i>Prozne Edde</i> vsebujejo ilustracije devetih svetov, za katere avtor ali umetnik domneva, da obstajajo na podlagi zgornjega verza <i>Völuspe</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ILLUSTRATIONS-OF-NINE-WORLDS2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ILLUSTRATIONS-OF-NINE-WORLDS2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antropogenija">Antropogenija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi razdelek: Antropogenija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=6" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Antropogenija"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članek: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ask_in_Embla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ask in Embla (stran ne obstaja)">Ask in Embla</a>.</i></div>Ask in Embla—moški in ženska—sta bila prva dva človeka, ki so ju bogovi ustvarili iz naplavljenega lesa, na katerega so naleteli na obali. Bogovi, ki ju tvorijo, se glede na vir razlikujejo: v pesmi <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lusp%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Völuspá (stran ne obstaja)">Völuspá</a></i> iz <i>Poetične Edde</i> so to Hœnir, Lóðurr in Odin, v <i>Prozni Eddi</i> pa so to Odin, Vili in Vé.<sup id="cite_ref-CREATOR-TRIO_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CREATOR-TRIO-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eshatologija">Eshatologija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi razdelek: Eshatologija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=7" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Eshatologija"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članek: <a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a>.</i></div>Ragnarök je niz prihodnjih dogodkov, vključno z veliko bitko, ki naj bi na koncu povzročil smrt številnih pomembnih osebnosti (vključno z različnimi božanstvi), pojav različnih naravnih nesreč in posledično potopitev sveta v vodo. Nato bo svet ponovno oživel in postal rodoviten, preživeli in vračajoči se bogovi se bodo srečali, človeštvo pa bosta ponovno naselila <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADf_in_L%C3%ADf%C3%BErasir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Líf in Lífþrasir (stran ne obstaja)">Líf in Lífþrasir</a>, ki bosta izšla iz Yggdrasila.<sup id="cite_ref-ESCHATOLOGY_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ESCHATOLOGY-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glej_tudi">Glej tudi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi razdelek: Glej tudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=8" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Glej tudi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sveta_drevesa_in_nasadi_v_germanskem_poganstvu_in_mitologiji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sveta drevesa in nasadi v germanskem poganstvu in mitologiji (stran ne obstaja)">Sveta drevesa in nasadi v germanskem poganstvu in mitologiji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deset_kraljestev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deset kraljestev (stran ne obstaja)">Deset kraljestev</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sklici">Sklici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi razdelek: Sklici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=9" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Sklici"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LINDOW-2001-42-43-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-LINDOW-2001-42-43_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindow (2001:42–43). For an overview of discussion regarding time and space in Norse myth, see for example Lindow (2001:40–45).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-10-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-10_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1987]: 10).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-10-11-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-10-11_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1987]: 10–11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-11-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-11_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-11_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1987]: 11).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-11-12-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-11-12_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1987]: 11–12).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5980307">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«""›""‹"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSturluson1916" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snorri_Sturluson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Snorri Sturluson (stran ne obstaja)">Sturluson, Snorri</a> (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ls2F5i6_LeYC&pg=PA17"><i>The Prose Edda</i></a>. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Gilchrist_Brodeur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur (stran ne obstaja)">Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_American-Scandinavian_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The American-Scandinavian Foundation (stran ne obstaja)">The American-Scandinavian Foundation</a>. str. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780890670002" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780890670002"><bdi>9780890670002</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Prose+Edda&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=The+American-Scandinavian+Foundation&rft.date=1916&rft.isbn=9780890670002&rft.aulast=Sturluson&rft.aufirst=Snorri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLs2F5i6_LeYC%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ANordijska+kozmologija" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Javna domena" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> Članek vsebuje besedilo iz tega vira, ki je v <a href="/wiki/Javna_domena" title="Javna domena">javni domeni</a><i>.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/creation.html">»The Norse Creation Myth«</a>. <i>sites.pitt.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pridobljeno 24. aprila 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=sites.pitt.edu&rft.atitle=The+Norse+Creation+Myth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.pitt.edu%2F~dash%2Fcreation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ANordijska+kozmologija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SUN-MOON-EARTH-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SUN-MOON-EARTH_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">On Sól, see Lindow (2001:278–280) and Simek (2007:297); on Máni, see Lindow (2001:222–223) and Simek (2007:201–202); and on Jörð, see Lindow (2001:205–206) and Simek (2007:179).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIGHT-DAY-DAWN-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NIGHT-DAY-DAWN_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">On Nótt, see Lindow (2001:246) and Simek (2007:238); on Dagr, see Lindow (2001:91–92) and Simek (2007:55); and on Dellingr, see for example Thorpe (1851:143) and Lindow (2001:92–93).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RÁN-ÆGIR-DAUGHTERS-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RÁN-ÆGIR-DAUGHTERS_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">On Rán, see Lindow (2001:258–259) and Simek (2007:260); on Ægir, see Lindow (2001:47–49) and Simek (2007:1–2); and on their nine wave daughters, see Lindow (2001:49) and Simek (2007:2).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YGGDRASIL-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-YGGDRASIL_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">For overviews of Yggrasil, see Lindow (2001:319–322) and Simek (2007:375–376).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NINE-WORLDS2-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NINE-WORLDS2_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, Larrington (2014:4), Dodds (2014:26), and Bellows (2004 [1923]:3).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gjud-2004-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gjud-2004_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><cite id="CITEREFGjudKošak2004" class="citation book cs1">Gjud, Bogdan; Košak, Silvin (2004). <i>Edda - Iz staroslovanskega epa</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mladinska_knjiga" title="Mladinska knjiga">Mladinska knjiga</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/86-11-16804-6" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/86-11-16804-6"><bdi>86-11-16804-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Edda+-+Iz+staroslovanskega+epa&rft.pub=Mladinska+knjiga&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=86-11-16804-6&rft.aulast=Gjud&rft.aufirst=Bogdan&rft.au=Ko%C5%A1ak%2C+Silvin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ANordijska+kozmologija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><cite id="CITEREFSimrock1876" class="citation book cs1">Simrock, Karl Joseph (1876). <a class="external text" href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Seite:Die_Edda_(1876).djvu/035"><i>Die Edda, die ältere und jüngere, nebst den mythischen Erzählungen der Skalda</i></a>. Stuttgart: J. G. Cotta’schen Buchhandlung. str. 27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pridobljeno 8. julija 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Die+Edda%2C+die+%C3%A4ltere+und+j%C3%BCngere%2C+nebst+den+mythischen+Erz%C3%A4hlungen+der+Skalda&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=J.+G.+Cotta%E2%80%99schen+Buchhandlung.&rft.date=1876&rft.aulast=Simrock&rft.aufirst=Karl+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FSeite%3ADie_Edda_%281876%29.djvu%2F035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ANordijska+kozmologija" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BELLOWS-NINE-WORLDS2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BELLOWS-NINE-WORLDS2_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"The world of the gods (Asgarth), of the Wanes (Vanaheim ...), of the elves (Alfheim), of men (Mithgarth), of the giants (Jotunheim), of fire (Muspellsheim ...), of the dark elves (Svartalfheim), of the dead (Niflheim), and presumably of the dwarfs (perhaps Nithavellir ... but the ninth is uncertain)" (Bellows 2004 [1923]:3).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ILLUSTRATIONS-OF-NINE-WORLDS2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ILLUSTRATIONS-OF-NINE-WORLDS2_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, see "map of nine worlds" by Gabe Foreman in Dodds 2014:13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CREATOR-TRIO-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CREATOR-TRIO_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See discussion in, for example, Lindow 2001: 62–63 and Simek 2007: 21 & 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ESCHATOLOGY-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ESCHATOLOGY_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">On the topic of Ragnarök and Líf and Lífþrasir, see discussion in Lindow 2001: 209, 254 & 258, and Simek 2007: 189, 259–260.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viri">Viri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi razdelek: Viri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordijska_kozmologija&action=edit&section=10" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Viri"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5453066">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dl,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ol,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Adams_Bellows_(businessman)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Adams Bellows (businessman) (stran ne obstaja)">Bellows, Henry Adams</a>. 2004 [1923]. Trans. <i>The Poetic Edda: The Mythological Poems</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-486-43710-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-486-43710-1">978-0-486-43710-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeramy_Dodds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeramy Dodds (stran ne obstaja)">Dodds, Jeramy</a>. 2014. Trans. <i>The Poetic Edda</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coach_House_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coach House Books (stran ne obstaja)">Coach House Books</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-55245-296-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-55245-296-7">978-1-55245-296-7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Faulkes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anthony Faulkes (stran ne obstaja)">Faulkes, Anthony</a>. 1995 [1987]. Trans. <i>Edda</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Everyman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Everyman (stran ne obstaja)">Everyman</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-460-87616-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-460-87616-3">0-460-87616-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyne_Larrington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolyne Larrington (stran ne obstaja)">Larrington, Carolyne</a>. 2014. Trans. <i>The Poetic Edda</i>. 2nd ed. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_World%27s_Classics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford World's Classics (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford World's Classics</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-967534-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-967534-0">978-0-19-967534-0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lindow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lindow (stran ne obstaja)">Lindow, John</a>. 2001. <i>Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-19-515382-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-19-515382-0">0-19-515382-0</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Simek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Simek (stran ne obstaja)">Simek, Rudolf</a>. 2007. Angela Hall trans. <i>Dictionary of Northern Mythology</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boydell_%26_Brewer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boydell & Brewer (stran ne obstaja)">D.S. Brewer</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307" /><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-85991-513-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-85991-513-1">0-85991-513-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Thorpe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Thorpe (stran ne obstaja)">Thorpe, Benjamin</a>. 1866. Trans. <i>Edda Sæmundar Hinns Frôða: The Edda of Sæmund the Learned</i>. Part I. 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