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aspiration</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cytology aspiration"> <meta name="keywords" content="cytology aspiration"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cytology aspiration"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 158</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cytology aspiration</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">158</span> The Use of Urine Cytology in an Australian Regional Hospital Compared to International Guidelines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Tempo">Jake Tempo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Brough"> Stephen Brough</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction and Objectives: Urine cytology has a role in the diagnosis of urothelial cancer when used alongside cystoscopy and imaging, according to the European Association of Urology guidelines. It also has a role in the surveillance post-treatment of urothelial carcinoma. Collecting and analysing urine cytology is costly and time-consuming. We investigated the use of urine cytology in an Australian regional hospital to determine whether clinicians are following international guidelines. Materials and Methods: We analysed all urine cytology requests performed in an Australian regional hospital between 1st January 2017 and 31st December 2018. We reviewed the indication for urine cytology and the patients’ case notes to determine whether urine cytology changed management. Results: During the two-year study period, 153 patients had urine cytology analysed for a variety of indications. In no cases did cytology change the outcome of patient management significantly. In total, 69 of 153 (41%) urine cytology requests were not supported by urological society guidelines. Fifty requests were for haematuria, and twenty requests were for urothelial cancer surveillance. Seven were analysed for follow-up from previous urological investigations. Nine samples were sent for ureteric obstruction of unknown origin. Conclusion: Urine cytology, even when positive, did not significantly change management for the investigation of potential urothelial cancer, and therefore, its use as a diagnostic tool for this purpose should be reconsidered. Many cytology tests are expensive, unnecessary, and not supported by urological society guidelines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology" title="cytology">cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bladder%20cancer" title=" bladder cancer"> bladder cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urine" title=" urine"> urine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urothelial%20carcinoma" title=" urothelial carcinoma"> urothelial carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145168/the-use-of-urine-cytology-in-an-australian-regional-hospital-compared-to-international-guidelines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">157</span> Diagnostic Evaluation of Urinary Angiogenin (ANG) and Clusterin (CLU) as Biomarker for Bladder Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20I.%20Shabayek">Marwa I. Shabayek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ola%20A.%20Said"> Ola A. Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20A.%20Attaia"> Hanan A. Attaia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20A.%20Awida"> Heba A. Awida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bladder carcinoma is an important worldwide health problem. Both cystoscopy and urine cytology used in detecting bladder cancer suffer from drawbacks where cystoscopy is an invasive method and urine cytology shows low sensitivity in low grade tumors. This study validates easier and less time-consuming techniques to evaluate the value of combined use of angiogenin and clusterin in comparison and combination with voided urine cytology in the detection of bladder cancer patients. This study includes malignant (bladder cancer patients, n= 50), benign (n=20), and healthy (n=20) groups. The studied groups were subjected to cystoscopic examination, detection of bilharzial antibodies, urine cytology, and estimation of urinary angiogenin and clusterin by ELISA. The overall sensitivity and specifcity were 66% and 75% for angiogenin, 70% and 82.5% for clusterin and 46% and 80% for voided urine cytology. Combined sensitivity of angiogenin and clusterin with urine cytology increased from 82 to 88%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenin" title="angiogenin">angiogenin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bladder%20cancer" title=" bladder cancer"> bladder cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clusterin" title=" clusterin"> clusterin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology" title=" cytology"> cytology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1844/diagnostic-evaluation-of-urinary-angiogenin-ang-and-clusterin-clu-as-biomarker-for-bladder-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">156</span> Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Pleural Effusion- A Very Rare Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Abutalib">Mohammed A. Abutalib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for the most common type of thyroid cancer, a well-differentiated type. PTC is featured by biologically low-grade and less aggressive tumors with a survival rate of 10 years in most of the diagnosed cases. PTC can be presented with the involvement of cervical lymph nodes in about 50% of the patients, yet the distant spread is very uncommon. Herein, we discussed an early 50-year-old male patient with a history of PTC that presented to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath and a radiological finding of hydrothorax. Cytologic examination, together with immune-histochemical staining and molecular studies of pleural effusion aspiration, concluded the definitive diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in the pleural space. PTC seldom causes metastatic niches in the pleural space, and this is a rare clinical presentation; nevertheless, a differential diagnosis of thyroid metastasis needs to be excluded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20cancer" title="thyroid cancer">thyroid cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant%20pleural%20effusion" title=" malignant pleural effusion"> malignant pleural effusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology%20aspiration" title=" cytology aspiration"> cytology aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=papillary%20thyroid%20carcinoma" title=" papillary thyroid carcinoma"> papillary thyroid carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164368/metastatic-papillary-thyroid-carcinoma-in-pleural-effusion-a-very-rare-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">155</span> A 3-Year Evaluation Study on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Corresponding Histology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Al%20Shammari">Amjad Al Shammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim"> Ashraf Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Seada"> Laila Seada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Incidence of thyroid carcinoma has been increasing world-wide. In the present study, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy of Fine needle aspiration (FNA) and its efficiency in early detecting neoplastic lesions of thyroid gland over a 3-year period. Methods: Data have been retrieved from pathology files in King Khalid Hospital. For each patient, age, gender, FNA, site & size of nodule and final histopathologic diagnosis were recorded. Results: Study included 490 cases where 419 of them were female and 71 male. Male to female ratio was 1:6. Mean age was 43 years for males and 38 for females. Cases with confirmed histopathology were 131. In 101/131 (77.1%), concordance was found between FNA and histology. In 30/131 (22.9%), there was discrepancy in diagnosis. Total malignant cases were 43, out of which 14 (32.5%) were true positive and 29 (67.44%) were false negative. No false positive cases could be found in our series. Conclusion: FNA could diagnose benign nodules in all cases, however, in malignant cases, ultrasound findings have to be taken into consideration to avoid missing of a microcarcinoma in the contralateral lobe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FNA" title="FNA">FNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hail" title=" hail"> hail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid" title=" thyroid"> thyroid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72692/a-3-year-evaluation-study-on-fine-needle-aspiration-cytology-and-corresponding-histology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">154</span> The Usefulness and Limitations of Manual Aspiration Immediately after Pneumothorax Complicating Percutaneous CT Guided Lung Biopsies: A Retrospective 9-Year Review from a Large Tertiary Centre</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niall%20Fennessy">Niall Fennessy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlotte%20Yin"> Charlotte Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vineet%20Gorolay"> Vineet Gorolay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Chan"> Michael Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilias%20Drivas"> Ilias Drivas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of manual aspiration of air from the pleural cavity in mitigating the need for chest drain placement after a CT-guided lung biopsy. Method: This is a single institution retrospective review of CT-guided lung biopsies performed on 799 patients between September 2013 and May 2021 in a major tertiary hospital. Percutaneous manual aspiration of air was performed in 104/306 patients (34%) with pneumothoraxes as a preventative measure. Simple and multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors (modifiable and nonmodifiable) for the success of manual aspiration in mitigating the need for chest drain insertion. Results: The overall incidence of pneumothorax was 37% (295/799). Chest drains were inserted for 81/295 (27%) of the pneumothoraxes, representing 81/799 (10%) of all CT-guided lung biopsies. Of patients with pneumothoraces, 104 (36%) underwent percutaneous aspiration via either the coaxial guide needle or an 18 or 20G intravenous catheter attached to a three-way stopcock and syringe. Amongst this group, 13 patients (13%) subsequently required chest drain insertion. The success of percutaneous aspiration in avoiding subsequent pleural drain insertion decreased with aspiration volume >500mL, radial pneumothorax depth >3cm, increased subpleural depth of the lesion, and the presence of background emphysema. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20biopsy" title=" lung biopsy"> lung biopsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumothorax" title=" pneumothorax"> pneumothorax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manual%20aspiration" title=" manual aspiration"> manual aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chest%20drainage" title=" chest drainage"> chest drainage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140907/the-usefulness-and-limitations-of-manual-aspiration-immediately-after-pneumothorax-complicating-percutaneous-ct-guided-lung-biopsies-a-retrospective-9-year-review-from-a-large-tertiary-centre" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">153</span> Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration/Brush in Cytopathology Diagnosis: A Fifteen-Month Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santosh%20Tummidi">Santosh Tummidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pragati%20Sathe"> Pragati Sathe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanchan%20Kothari"> Kanchan Kothari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prachi%20Gholap"> Prachi Gholap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Agnihotri"> Mona Agnihotri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwendolyn%20Fernandes"> Gwendolyn Fernandes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leena%20Naik"> Leena Naik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachana%20Chaturvedi"> Rachana Chaturvedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: EUS-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration/Brush (EUS-FNA/Brush) has become increasingly popular for the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal and peri-gastrointestinal lesions. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and spectrum of lesions in gastrointestinal EUS-FNA. Material and Methods: A total of 124 EUS-FNA during the period from Aug 2015-Nov 2016 were studied. Results: Age ranged from 13-80 years with a slight female predominance. CBD was the most common site with 47 cases amongst which were 9 adenocarcinoma, and 7 cases were suspicious for malignancy. Pancreatic EUS-FNA showed 5 adenocarcinoma, 2 SPEN, 1 case each of neuroendocrine tumor, anaplastic carcinoma and NHL. Amongst oesophageal lesions, 3 cases were suspicious for malignancy, and 4 were inflammatory, 4 showed SCC, 1case each adenocarcinoma and leiomyoma. Stomach- 1 case each of adenocarcinoma, granulomatous inflammation, and GIST. Periportal lymph nodes were the commonest nodes, and there were 11 necrotising granulomatous inflammations, 3 metastatic adenocarcinoma, 2 cases of atypical cells and 1 case of NHL. 17 cases were unsatisfactory, 41 cases had histopathology follow up with 85% cases being concordant. Conclusion: EUS-FNA is reliable, sensitive and specific. It can be utilized for better management of intra-abdominal lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EUS-FNA" title="EUS-FNA">EUS-FNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brush" title=" brush"> brush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology" title=" cytology"> cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69355/endoscopic-ultrasound-guided-fine-needle-aspirationbrush-in-cytopathology-diagnosis-a-fifteen-month-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">152</span> Performance of the Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV Assay with SurePath Liquid Based Cytology Specimens from Women with Low Grade Cytological Abnormalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20Sargent">Alexandra Sargent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Ferris"> Sarah Ferris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioannis%20Theofanous"> Ioannis Theofanous</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV test (RealTime HPV) is one of five assays clinically validated and approved by the English NHS Cervical Screening Programme (CSP) for HPV triage of low grade dyskaryosis and test-of-cure of treated Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. The assay is a highly automated multiplex real-time PCR test for detecting 14 high risk (hr) HPV types, with simultaneous differentiation of HPV 16 and HPV 18 versus non-HPV 16/18 hrHPV. An endogenous internal control ensures sample cellularity, controls extraction efficiency and PCR inhibition. The original cervical specimen collected in SurePath (SP) liquid-based cytology (LBC) medium (BD Diagnostics) and the SP post-gradient cell pellets (SPG) after cytological processing are both CE marked for testing with the RealTime HPV test. During the 2011 NHSCSP validation of new tests only the original aliquot of SP LBC medium was investigated. Residual sample volume left after cytology slide preparation is low and may not always have sufficient volume for repeat HPV testing or for testing of other biomarkers that may be implemented in testing algorithms in the future. The SPG samples, however, have sufficient volumes to carry out additional testing and necessary laboratory validation procedures. This study investigates the correlation of RealTime HPV results of cervical specimens collected in SP LBC medium from women with low grade cytological abnormalities observed with matched pairs of original SP LBC medium and SP post-gradient cell pellets (SPG) after cytology processing. Matched pairs of SP and SPG samples from 750 women with borderline (N = 392) and mild (N = 351) cytology were available for this study. Both specimen types were processed and parallel tested for the presence of hrHPV with RealTime HPV according to the manufacturer´s instructions. HrHPV detection rates and concordance between test results from matched SP and SPGCP pairs were calculated. A total of 743 matched pairs with valid test results on both sample types were available for analysis. An overall-agreement of hrHPV test results of 97.5% (k: 0.95) was found with matched SP/SPG pairs and slightly lower concordance (96.9%; k: 0.94) was observed on 392 pairs from women with borderline cytology compared to 351 pairs from women with mild cytology (98.0%; k: 0.95). Partial typing results were highly concordant in matched SP/SPG pairs for HPV 16 (99.1%), HPV 18 (99.7%) and non-HPV16/18 hrHPV (97.0%), respectively. 19 matched pairs were found with discrepant results: 9 from women with borderline cytology and 4 from women with mild cytology were negative on SPG and positive on SP; 3 from women with borderline cytology and 3 from women with mild cytology were negative on SP and positive on SPG. Excellent correlation of hrHPV DNA test results was found between matched pairs of SP original fluid and post-gradient cell pellets from women with low grade cytological abnormalities tested with the Abbott RealTime High-Risk HPV assay, demonstrating robust performance of the test with both specimen types and reassuring the utility of the assay for cytology triage with both specimen types. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbott%20realtime%20test" title="Abbott realtime test">Abbott realtime test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPV" title=" HPV"> HPV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SurePath%20liquid%20based%20cytology" title=" SurePath liquid based cytology"> SurePath liquid based cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surepath%20post-gradient%20cell%20pellet" title=" surepath post-gradient cell pellet"> surepath post-gradient cell pellet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61325/performance-of-the-abbott-realtime-high-risk-hpv-assay-with-surepath-liquid-based-cytology-specimens-from-women-with-low-grade-cytological-abnormalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Cervical Cytology Features and Its Association with Endometrial Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezah%20%20Shekh%20Abdullah">Faezah Shekh Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd.%20Azizuddin%20Mohd.%20Yussof"> Mohd. Azizuddin Mohd. Yussof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komathy%20Thiagarajan"> Komathy Thiagarajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnoorina%20Husin"> Hasnoorina Husin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Azreena%20Abd%20Aziz"> Noor Azreena Abd Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycystic ovary syndrome has been associated with multiple disorders such as endocrine disorder, metabolic syndrome, infertility, and endometrial cancer. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are anticipated to develop three times more chances for endometrial cancer than women without PCOS. This study, therefore, was conducted to determine the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer and to determine the cervical cytology features of PCOS. Patients attending the Subfertility Clinic of the National Population and Family Development Board were recruited and examined physically by medical practitioners. They were categorized into two groups; i) the PCOS group if they met Rotterdam Criteria 2004 and ii) the control group if they did not meet Rotterdam Criteria 2004. Cervical sampling was done on all patients via the Liquid-Based Cytology (LBC) method in the pre-and post-subfertility treatment. A total of 167 patients participated in the study, of which 79 belonged to the PCOS group and 88 to the control group. The findings showed no cervical and endometrial cancer cases in both groups. The Liquid-Based Cytology results in the PCOS group displayed more cases with cellular changes, i.e., benign inflammation, atrophic smear and Candida sp. infection. To conclude, no association was found between polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer. A more holistic study with a higher number of participants can further determine the association between endometrial cancer and PCOS. Furthermore, a longer duration between LBC pre- and post-subfertility treatment should be implied to observe changes in the cervical cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrial%20cancer" title="endometrial cancer">endometrial cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-based%20cytology" title=" liquid-based cytology"> liquid-based cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCOS" title=" PCOS"> PCOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovary%20syndrome" title=" polycystic ovary syndrome "> polycystic ovary syndrome </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138573/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-cervical-cytology-features-and-its-association-with-endometrial-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilirian%20La%C3%A7i">Ilirian Laçi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alketa%20Spahiu"> Alketa Spahiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Big strums of thyroid glandule observed by a simple viewing can be witnessed in everyday life. Medical cabinets evidence patients withpalpablenodes of thyroid glandule, mainly nodes of the size of 10 millimeters. Further, more cases which have resulted in negative under palpation have resulted in positive at ultrasound examination. Therefore, the use of ultrasound for diagnosing has increased the number of patients with nodes of thyroid glandule in the last couple of decades in all countries, Albania included. Thus, there has been evidence of an increased number of patients affected by this pathology, where female patients dominate. Demographically, the capital shows high numbers due to the high population, but of interest is the high incidence of those areas distanced from the sea. While regarding related pathologies, no significant link was evidenced, an element of ancestry was evident in the nodes of the thyroid glandule. When we talk of nodes of the thyroid glandule, we should consider hyperplasia, neoplasia, and inflammatory diseases that cause nodes of the thyroid glandule. This increase parallels the world’s increase of the incidence of thyroid glandule, with malign cases, which are at about 5% and are not depended on size. Given the numbers, with most thyroid glandule nodes being benign, the main objective of the examination of the nodes was the determination of benign and malign cases to avoid undue surgery. Subject of this study were 212 patients that underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) under ultrasound guidance at the Medical University Center of Tirana. All the patients came to the Mother Teresa University Hospital from public and private hospitals and other polyclinics. These patients had an ultrasound examination before visiting the Center of Nuclear Medicine for a scintigraph of thyroid glandule in the period September 2016 and September 2017. To correlate, all patients had been examined via ultrasound of the thyroid glandule prior to the scintigraph. The ultrasound included evaluation of the number of nodes, their size, their solid, cystic, or solid-cystic structure, echogenicity according to the gray scale, the presence of calcification, the presence of lymph nodes, the presence of adenopathy, and the correlation of the cytology results from the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy of Medical University Center of Tirana. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20nodes" title="thyroid nodes">thyroid nodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20needle%20aspiration" title=" fine needle aspiration"> fine needle aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintigraphy" title=" scintigraphy"> scintigraphy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152501/fine-needle-aspiration-biopsy-of-thyroid-nodules" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> The French, the Yoruba, and the H-Thing: Sharing and Realising Same Phenomenon Differently</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose-Juliet%20Anyanwu">Rose-Juliet Anyanwu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The principal objective of this paper is to investigate whether some sort of phonological processes, such as elision, aspiration, glottalisation, and hardening can be used to account for the behaviour of the glottal fricative (or approximant, as the case may be) ‘h’ in both French and Yoruba. French and Yoruba speakers generally tend to say, for instance ‘ockey’ and ‘amburger’, instead of ‘hockey’ and ‘hamburger’, respectively. Whereas the Yoruba conversely say, for instance ‘hadd’ for ‘add’, ‘heat’ for ‘eat’ on the one hand and ‘ard’ for ‘hard’, ‘eat’ for ‘heat’ on the other hand, on a similar note, it is not quite clear whether the French, however, if not at least in rare instances, would tend to force themselves to pronounce (in any form whatsoever) the h-sound. Recorded sentences containing h-initial as well as vowel-initial words will be used for the investigation. The present paper is meant to contribute to work on aspiration, compensation, elision, and glottalisation, as well as hardening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration" title="aspiration">aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glottalisation" title=" glottalisation"> glottalisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101431/the-french-the-yoruba-and-the-h-thing-sharing-and-realising-same-phenomenon-differently" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Improving Patient Outcomes for Aspiration Pneumonia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Farrell">Mary Farrell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Soubra"> Maria Soubra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Vega"> Sandra Vega</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Kakraba"> Dorothy Kakraba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanne%20Fontanilla"> Joanne Fontanilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moira%20Kendra"> Moira Kendra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danielle%20Tonzola"> Danielle Tonzola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Chiu"> Stephanie Chiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pneumonia is the most common infectious cause of hospitalizations in the United States, with more than one million admissions annually and costs of $10 billion every year, making it the 8th leading cause of death. Aspiration pneumonia is an aggressive type of pneumonia that results from inhalation of oropharyngeal secretions and/or gastric contents and is preventable. The authors hypothesized that an evidence-based aspiration pneumonia clinical care pathway could reduce 30-day hospital readmissions and mortality rates, while improving the overall care of patients. We conducted a retrospective chart review on 979 patients discharged with aspiration pneumonia from January 2021 to December 2022 at Overlook Medical Center. The authors identified patients who were coded with aspiration pneumonia and/or stable sepsis. Secondarily, we identified 30-day readmission rates for aspiration pneumonia from a SNF. The Aspiration Pneumonia Clinical Care Pathway starts in the emergency department (ED) with the initiation of antimicrobials within 4 hours of admission and early recognition of aspiration. Once this is identified, a swallow test is initiated by the bedside nurse, and if the patient demonstrates dysphagia, they are maintained on strict nothing by mouth (NPO) followed by a speech and language pathologist (SLP) referral for an appropriate modified diet recommendation. Aspiration prevention techniques included the avoidance of straws, 45-degree positioning, no talking during meals, taking small bites, placement of the aspiration wrist band, and consuming meals out of the bed in a chair. Nursing education was conducted with a newly created online learning module about aspiration pneumonia. The authors identified 979 patients, with an average age of 73.5 years old, who were diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia on the index hospitalization. These patients were reviewed for a 30-day readmission for aspiration pneumonia or stable sepsis, and mortality rates from January 2021 to December 2022 at Overlook Medical Center (OMC). The 30-day readmission rates were significantly lower in the cohort that received the clinical care pathway (35.0% vs. 27.5%, p = 0.011). When evaluating the mortality rates in the pre and post intervention cohort the authors discovered the mortality rates were lower in the post intervention cohort (23.7% vs 22.4%, p = 0.61) Mortality among non-white (self-reported as non-white) patients were lower in the post intervention cohort (34.4% vs. 21.0% , p = 0.05). Patients who reported as a current smoker/vaper in the pre and post cohorts had increased mortality rates (5.9% vs 22%). There was a decrease in mortality for the male population but an increase in mortality for women in the pre and post cohorts (19% vs. 25%). The authors attributed this increase in mortality in the post intervention cohort to more active smokers, more former smokers, and more being admitted from a SNF. This research identified that implementation of an Aspiration Pneumonia Clinical Care Pathway showed a statistically significant decrease in readmission rates and mortality rates in non-whites. The 30-day readmission rates were lower in the cohort that received the clinical care pathway (35.0% vs. 27.5%, p = 0.011). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration%20pneumonia" title="aspiration pneumonia">aspiration pneumonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=30-day%20pneumonia%20readmissions" title=" 30-day pneumonia readmissions"> 30-day pneumonia readmissions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176798/improving-patient-outcomes-for-aspiration-pneumonia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Cytology and Flow Cytometry of Three Japanese Drosera Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhita%20Tungkajiwangkoon">Santhita Tungkajiwangkoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshikazu%20Hoshi"> Yoshikazu Hoshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three Japaneses Drosera species are the good model to study genome organization with highly specialized morphological group for insect trapping, and has revealed anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, so there must be a reason for botanists are so appealing in these plants. Cytology and Flow cytometry were used to investigate the genetic stability and ploidy estimation in three related species. The cytological and Flow cytometry analysis were done in Drosera rotundifolia L., Drosera spatulata Labill and Drosera tokaiensis. The cytological studies by fluorescence staining (DAPI) showed that D. tokaiensis was an alloploid (2n=6x=60, hexaploid) which is a natural hybrid polyploids of D. rotundifolia and D. spatulata. D. rotundifolia was a diploid with the middle size of metaphase chromosomes (2n=2x=20) as a paternal origin and D. spatulata was a tetraploid with small size of metaphase chromosome (2n=4x=40) as a maternal origin. We confirmed by Flow cytometry analysis to determine the ploidy level and DNA content of the plants. The 2C-DNA values of D. rotundiflolia were 2.8 pg, D. spatulata was 1.6 pg and D. tokaiensis was 3.9 pg. However, 2C- DNA values of D. tokaiensis should be related from their parents but in the present study the 2C-DNA values of D. tokaiensis was no relation from the theoretical of hybrids representing additive parental. Possibility of D. tokaiensis is a natural hybrid, which is also hybridization in natural evolution can cause the genome reduction in plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drosera" title="drosera">drosera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology" title=" cytology"> cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20cytometry" title=" flow cytometry"> flow cytometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36108/cytology-and-flow-cytometry-of-three-japanese-drosera-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Force Feedback Enabled Syringe for Aspiration and Biopsy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pelin%20Su%20Firat">Pelin Su Firat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohyung%20Cho"> Sohyung Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biopsy or aspiration procedures are known to be complicated as they involve the penetration of a needle through human tissues, including vital organs. This research presents the design of a force sensor-guided device to be used with syringes and needles for aspiration and biopsy. The development of the device was aimed to help accomplish accurate needle placement and increase the performance of the surgeon in navigating the tool and tracking the target. Specifically, a prototype for a force-sensor embedded syringe has been created using 3D (3-Dimensional) modeling and printing techniques in which two different force sensors were used to provide significant force feedback to users during the operations when needles pernitrate different tissues. From the extensive tests using synthetic tissues, it is shown that the proposed syringe design has accomplished the desired accuracy, efficiency, repeatability, and effectiveness. Further development is desirable through usability tests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopsy" title="biopsy">biopsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syringe" title=" syringe"> syringe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20sensors" title=" force sensors"> force sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haptic%20feedback" title=" haptic feedback"> haptic feedback</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183278/force-feedback-enabled-syringe-for-aspiration-and-biopsy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Cytology Is a Promising Tool for the Diagnosis of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma from Ascites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miceska%20Simona">Miceska Simona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%A0kof%20Erik"> Škof Erik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frkovi%C4%87%20Grazio%20Snje%C5%BEana"> Frković Grazio Snježana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeri%C4%8Devi%C4%87%20Anja"> Jeričević Anja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smrkolj%20%C5%A0pela"> Smrkolj Špela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cvjeti%C4%87anin%20Branko"> Cvjetićanin Branko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novakovi%C4%87%20Srdjan"> Novaković Srdjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gr%C4%8Dar%20Kuzmanov%20Biljana"> Grčar Kuzmanov Biljana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kloboves-Prevodnik%20Veronika"> Kloboves-Prevodnik Veronika</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is characterized by the dissemination of the tumor cells (TC) in the peritoneal cavity forming malignant ascites at the time of diagnosis or recurrence. Still, cytology itself has been underutilized as a modality for the diagnosis of HGSOC from ascites, and histological examination from the tumor tissue is yet the only validated method used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of cytology in the diagnosis of HGSOC in relation to the histopathological examination. Methods: The study included 42 patients with histologically confirmed HGSOC, accompanied by malignant ascites. To confirm the malignancy of the TC in the ascites and to define their immunophenotype, immunohistochemical reaction (IHC) of the following antigens: Calretinin, MOC, WT1, PAX8, p53, p16 & Ki-67 was evaluated on ascites cytospins and tissue blocks. For complete cytological determination of HGSOC, BRCA 1/2 gene mutation was determined from ascites, tissue block, and blood. BRCA1/2 mutation from blood was performed to define the type of mutation, somatic vs germline. Results: Among 42 patients, the immunophenotype of HGSOC from ascites was confirmed in 36 cases (86%). For more profound analysis, the patients were divided in 3 groups regarding the number of TC present in the ascites: patients with less than 10% TC, 10% TC, and more than 10% TC. From all included patients, in the group with less than 10% TC, there were 10 cases, and only 5 of them(50%) showed HGSOC phenotype; 12 cases had equally 10% of TC, and 11 cases (92%) showed HGSOC phenotype; 20 cases had more than 10% TC and all of them (100%) confirmed the HGSOC immunophenotype from ascites. Only 33 patients were eligible for further BRCA1/2 analysis. Eleven BRCA1/2 mutations were detected from thetissue block: 6 germline and 5 somatic. In 2 cases with less than 10% TC, BRCA1/2 mutation was not detected; 4 cases had 10% TC, and 2 of them (50%) confirmed the mutation; 4 cases had more than 10% TC, and all showed 100% reliability with the tumor tissue. Conclusions: Cytology is a highly reliable method for determining the immunophenotype of HGSOC and BRCA1/2 mutation if more than 10% of tumor cells are present in the ascites. This may present an additional non-invasive clinical approach for fast and effective diagnose in the future, especially in inoperable conditions or relapses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology" title="cytology">cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ascites" title=" ascites"> ascites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-grade%20serous%20ovarian%20cancer" title=" high-grade serous ovarian cancer"> high-grade serous ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunophenotype" title=" immunophenotype"> immunophenotype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRCA1%2F2" title=" BRCA1/2"> BRCA1/2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144274/cytology-is-a-promising-tool-for-the-diagnosis-of-high-grade-serous-ovarian-carcinoma-from-ascites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Diagnosis of Gingivitis Based on Correlations of Laser Doppler Data and Gingival Fluid Cytology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Belousov">A. V. Belousov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakushenko"> Yakushenko </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the main problems of modern dentistry is development a reliable method to detect inflammation in the gums on the stages of diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy. We have proposed a method of gingival fluid intake, which successfully combines accessibility, excluding the impact of the annoying and damaging the gingival sulcus factors and provides reliable results (patent of RF№ 2342956 Method of gingival fluid intake). The objects of the study were students - volunteers of Dentistry Faculty numbering 75 people aged 20-21 years. Cellular composition of gingival fluid was studied using microscope "Olympus CX 31" (Japan) with the calculation of epithelial leukocyte index (ELI). Assessment of gingival micro circulation was performed using the apparatus «LAKK–01» (Lazma, Moscow). Cytological investigation noted the highly informative of epithelial leukocyte index (ELI), which demonstrated changes in the mechanisms of protection gums. The increase of ELI occurs during inhibition mechanisms of phagocytosis and activation of epithelial desquamation. The cytological data correlate with micro circulation indicators obtained by laser Doppler flowmetry. We have identified and confirmed the correlations between parameters laser Doppler flowmetry and data cytology gingival fluid in patients with gingivitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gingivitis" title="gingivitis">gingivitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20doppler%20flowmetry" title=" laser doppler flowmetry"> laser doppler flowmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gingival%20fluid%20cytology" title=" gingival fluid cytology"> gingival fluid cytology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epithelial%20leukocyte%20index%20%28ELI%29" title=" epithelial leukocyte index (ELI)"> epithelial leukocyte index (ELI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22994/diagnosis-of-gingivitis-based-on-correlations-of-laser-doppler-data-and-gingival-fluid-cytology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Regional Review of Outcome of Cervical Smears Reported with Cytological Features of Non Cervical Glandular Neoplasia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uma%20Krishnamoorthy">Uma Krishnamoorthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivienne%20Beavers"> Vivienne Beavers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janet%20Marshall"> Janet Marshall</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Cervical cytology showing features raising the suspicion of non cervical glandular neoplasia are reported as code 0 under the United Kingdom National Health Service Cervical screening programme ( NHSCSP). As the suspicion is regarding non cervical neoplasia, smear is reported as normal and patient informed that cervical screening result is normal. GP receives copy of results where it states further referral is indicated in small font within text of report. Background: There were several incidents of delayed diagnosis of endometrial cancer in Lancashire which prompted this Northwest Regional review to enable an understanding of underlying pathology outcome of code zero smears to raise awareness and also to review whether further action on wording of smear results was indicated to prevent such delay. Methodology: All Smears reported at the Manchester cytology centre who process cytology for Lancashire population from March 2013 to March 2014 were reviewed and histological diagnosis outcome of women in whom smear was reported as code zero was reviewed retrospectively . Results: Total smears reported by the cytology centre during this period was approximately 109400. Reports issued with result code 0 among this during this time period was 49.Results revealed that among three fourth (37) of women with code zero smear (N=49), evidence of underlying pathology of non cervical origin was confirmed. Of this, 73 % (36) were due to endometrial pathology with 49 % (24) endometrial carcinoma, 12 % (6)polyp, 4 % atypical endometrial hyperplasia (2), 6 % endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (3), and 2 % adenomyosis (1 case) and 2 % ( 1 case) due to ovarian adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: This review demonstrated that more than half (51 %) of women with a code 0 smear report were diagnosed with underlying carcinoma and 75 % had a confirmed underlying pathology contributory to code 0 smear findings. Recommendations and Action Plan: A local rapid access referral and management pathway for this group of women was implemented as a result of this in our unit. The findings and Pathway were shared with other regional units served by the cytology centre through the Pan Lancashire cervical screening board and through the Cytology centre. Locally, the smear report wording was updated to include a rubber stamp/ print in "Red Bold letters" stating that " URGENT REFERRAL TO GYNAECOLOGY IS INDICATED". Findings were also shared through the Pan Lancashire board with National cervical screening programme board, and revisions to wording of code zero smear reports to highlight the need for Urgent referral has now been agreed at National level to be implemented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20zero%20smears" title="code zero smears">code zero smears</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrial%20cancer" title=" endometrial cancer"> endometrial cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20cervical%20glandular%20neoplasia" title=" non cervical glandular neoplasia"> non cervical glandular neoplasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer "> ovarian cancer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27764/regional-review-of-outcome-of-cervical-smears-reported-with-cytological-features-of-non-cervical-glandular-neoplasia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Endometrial Biopsy Curettage vs Endometrial Aspiration: Better Modality in Female Genital Tuberculosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupali%20Bhatia">Rupali Bhatia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepthi%20Nair"> Deepthi Nair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geetika%20Khanna"> Geetika Khanna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seema%20Singhal"> Seema Singhal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Genital tract tuberculosis is a chronic disease (caused by reactivation of organisms from systemic distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that often presents with low grade symptoms and non-specific complaints. Patients with genital tuberculosis are usually young women seeking workup and treatment for infertility. Infertility is the commonest presentation due to involvement of the fallopian tubes, endometrium and ovarian damage with poor ovarian volume and reserve. The diagnosis of genital tuberculosis is difficult because of the fact that it is a silent invader of genital tract. Since tissue cannot be obtained from fallopian tubes, the diagnosis is made by isolation of bacilli from endometrial tissue obtained by endometrial biopsy curettage and/or aspiration. Problems are associated with sampling technique as well as diagnostic modality due to lack of adequate sample volumes and the segregation of the sample for various diagnostic tests resulting in non-uniform distribution of microorganisms. Moreover, lack of an efficient sampling technique universally applicable for all specific diagnostic tests contributes to the diagnostic challenges. Endometrial sampling plays a key role in accurate diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis. It may be done by 2 methods viz. endometrial curettage and endometrial aspiration. Both endometrial curettage and aspirate have their own limitations as curettage picks up strip of the endometrium from one of the walls of the uterine cavity including tubal osteal areas whereas aspirate obtains total tissue with exfoliated cells present in the secretory fluid of the endometrial cavity. Further, sparse and uneven distribution of the bacilli remains a major factor contributing to the limitations of the techniques. The sample that is obtained by either technique is subjected to histopathological examination, AFB staining, culture and PCR. Aim: Comparison of the sampling techniques viz. endometrial biopsy curettage and endometrial aspiration using different laboratory methods of histopathology, cytology, microbiology and molecular biology. Method: In a hospital based observational study, 75 Indian females suspected of genital tuberculosis were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. The women underwent endometrial tissue sampling using Novaks biopsy curette and Karmans cannula. One part of the specimen obtained was sent in formalin solution for histopathological testing and another part was sent in normal saline for acid fast bacilli smear, culture and polymerase chain reaction. The results so obtained were correlated using coefficient of correlation and chi square test. Result: Concordance of results showed moderate agreement between both the sampling techniques. Among HPE, AFB and PCR, maximum sensitivity was observed for PCR, though the specificity was not as high as other techniques. Conclusion: Statistically no significant difference was observed between the results obtained by the two sampling techniques. Therefore, one may use either EA or EB to obtain endometrial samples and avoid multiple sampling as both the techniques are equally efficient in diagnosing genital tuberculosis by HPE, AFB, culture or PCR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20fast%20bacilli%20%28AFB%29" title="acid fast bacilli (AFB)">acid fast bacilli (AFB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopatholgy%20examination%20%28HPE%29" title=" histopatholgy examination (HPE)"> histopatholgy examination (HPE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction%20%28PCR%29" title=" polymerase chain reaction (PCR)"> polymerase chain reaction (PCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrial%20biopsy%20curettage" title=" endometrial biopsy curettage"> endometrial biopsy curettage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14440/endometrial-biopsy-curettage-vs-endometrial-aspiration-better-modality-in-female-genital-tuberculosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Deep Learning-Based Liver 3D Slicer for Image-Guided Therapy: Segmentation and Needle Aspiration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmedou%20Moulaye%20Idriss">Ahmedou Moulaye Idriss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tfeil%20Yahya"> Tfeil Yahya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamas%20Ungi"> Tamas Ungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabor%20Fichtinger"> Gabor Fichtinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image-guided therapy (IGT) plays a crucial role in minimally invasive procedures for liver interventions. Accurate segmentation of the liver and precise needle placement is essential for successful interventions such as needle aspiration. In this study, we propose a deep learning-based liver 3D slicer designed to enhance segmentation accuracy and facilitate needle aspiration procedures. The developed 3D slicer leverages state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic liver segmentation in medical images. The CNN model is trained on a diverse dataset of liver images obtained from various imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The trained model demonstrates robust performance in accurately delineating liver boundaries, even in cases with anatomical variations and pathological conditions. Furthermore, the 3D slicer integrates advanced image registration techniques to ensure accurate alignment of preoperative images with real-time interventional imaging. This alignment enhances the precision of needle placement during aspiration procedures, minimizing the risk of complications and improving overall intervention outcomes. To validate the efficacy of the proposed deep learning-based 3D slicer, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted using a dataset of clinical cases. Quantitative metrics, including the Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance, are employed to assess the accuracy of liver segmentation. Additionally, the performance of the 3D slicer in guiding needle aspiration procedures is evaluated through simulated and clinical interventions. Preliminary results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed 3D slicer in achieving accurate liver segmentation and guiding needle aspiration procedures with high precision. The integration of deep learning techniques into the IGT workflow shows great promise for enhancing the efficiency and safety of liver interventions, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20segmentation" title=" liver segmentation"> liver segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20slicer" title=" 3D slicer"> 3D slicer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20guided%20therapy" title=" image guided therapy"> image guided therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=needle%20aspiration" title=" needle aspiration"> needle aspiration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183469/deep-learning-based-liver-3d-slicer-for-image-guided-therapy-segmentation-and-needle-aspiration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Immunocytochemical Stability of Antigens in Cytological Samples Stored in In-house Liquid-Based Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anamarija%20Kuhar">Anamarija Kuhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronika%20Kloboves%20Prevodnik"> Veronika Kloboves Prevodnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nata%C5%A1a%20Nolde"> Nataša Nolde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulrika%20Klop%C4%8Di%C4%8D"> Ulrika Klopčič</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decision for immunocytochemistry (ICC) is usually made in the basis of the findings in Giemsa- and/or Papanicolaou- smears. More demanding diagnostic cases require preparation of additional cytological preparations. Therefore, it is convenient to suspend cytological samples in a liquid based medium (LBM) that preserve antigen and morphological properties. However, the duration of these properties being preserved in the medium is usually unknown. Eventually, cell morphology becomes impaired and altered, as well as antigen properties may be lost or become diffused. In this study, the influence of cytological sample storage length in in-house liquid based medium on antigen properties and cell morphology is evaluated. The question is how long the cytological samples in this medium can be stored so that the results of immunocytochemical reactions are still reliable and can be safely used in routine cytopathological diagnostics. The stability of 6 ICC markers that are most frequently used in everyday routine work were tested; Cytokeratin AE1/AE3, Calretinin, Epithelial specific antigen Ep-CAM (MOC-31), CD 45, Oestrogen receptor (ER), and Melanoma triple cocktail were tested on methanol fixed cytospins prepared from fresh fine needle aspiration biopsies, effusion samples, and disintegrated lymph nodes suspended in in-house cell medium. Cytospins were prepared on the day of the sampling as well as on the second, fourth, fifth, and eight day after sample collection. Next, they were fixed in methanol and immunocytochemically stained. Finally, the percentage of positive stained cells, reaction intensity, counterstaining, and cell morphology were assessed using two assessment methods: the internal assessment and the UK NEQAS ICC scheme assessment. Results show that the antigen properties for Cytokeratin AE1/AE3, MOC-31, CD 45, ER, and Melanoma triple cocktail were preserved even after 8 days of storage in in-house LBM, while the antigen properties for Calretinin remained unchanged only for 4 days. The key parameters for assessing detection of antigen are the proportion of cells with a positive reaction and intensity of staining. Well preserved cell morphology is highly important for reliable interpretation of ICC reaction. Therefore, it would be valuable to perform a similar analysis for other ICC markers to determine the duration in which the antigen and morphological properties are preserved in LBM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology%20samples" title="cytology samples">cytology samples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytospins" title=" cytospins"> cytospins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunocytochemistry" title=" immunocytochemistry"> immunocytochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-based%20cytology" title=" liquid-based cytology"> liquid-based cytology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145540/immunocytochemical-stability-of-antigens-in-cytological-samples-stored-in-in-house-liquid-based-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> A Computational Analysis of Gas Jet Flow Effects on Liquid Aspiration in the Collison Nebulizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Q.%20Feng">James Q. Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pneumatic nebulizers (as variations based on the Collison nebulizer) have been widely used for producing fine aerosol droplets from a liquid material. As qualitatively described by many authors, the basic working principle of those nebulizers involves utilization of the negative pressure associated with an expanding gas jet to syphon liquid into the jet stream, then to blow and shear into liquid sheets, filaments, and eventually droplets. But detailed quantitative analysis based on fluid mechanics theory has been lacking in the literature. The purpose of present work is to investigate the nature of negative pressure distribution associated with compressible gas jet flow in the Collison nebulizer by a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, using an OpenFOAM® compressible flow solver. The value of the negative pressure associated with a gas jet flow is examined by varying geometric parameters of the jet expansion channel adjacent to the jet orifice outlet. Such an analysis can provide valuable insights into fundamental mechanisms in liquid aspiration process, helpful for effective design of the pneumatic atomizer in the Aerosol Jet® direct-write system for micro-feature, high-aspect-ratio material deposition in additive manufacturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collison%20nebulizer" title="collison nebulizer">collison nebulizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressible%20gas%20jet%20flow" title=" compressible gas jet flow"> compressible gas jet flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20aspiration" title=" liquid aspiration"> liquid aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumatic%20atomization" title=" pneumatic atomization"> pneumatic atomization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86534/a-computational-analysis-of-gas-jet-flow-effects-on-liquid-aspiration-in-the-collison-nebulizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Abdominal Exercises Can Modify Abdominal Function in Postpartum Women: A Randomized Control Trial Comparing Curl-up to Drawing-in Combined With Diaphragmatic Aspiration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yollande%20S%C3%A8nan%20Djivoh">Yollande Sènan Djivoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominique%20de%20Jaeger"> Dominique de Jaeger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Abdominal exercises are commonly practised nowadays. Specific techniques of abdominal muscles strengthening like hypopressive exercises have recently emerged and their practice is encouraged against the practice of Curl-up especially in postpartum. The acute and the training effects of these exercises did not allow to advise one exercise to the detriment of another. However, physiotherapists remain reluctant to perform Curl-up with postpartum women because of its potential harmful effect on the pelvic floor. Design: This study was a randomized control trial registered under the number PACTR202110679363984. Objective: to observe the training effect of two experimental protocols (Curl-up versus Drawing-in+Diaphragmatic aspiration) on the abdominal wall (interrecti distance, rectus and transversus abdominis thickness, abdominal strength) in Beninese postpartum women. Pelvic floor function (tone, endurance, urinary incontinence) will be assessed to evaluate potential side effects of exercises on the pelvic floor. Method: Postpartum women diagnosed with diastasis recti were randomly assigned to one of three groups (Curl-up, Drawingin+Diaphragmatic aspiration and control). Abdominal and pelvic floor parameters were assessed before and at the end of the 6-week protocol. The interrecti distance and the abdominal muscles thickness were assessed by ultrasound and abdominal strength by dynamometer. Pelvic floor tone and strength were assessed with Biofeedback and urinary incontinence was quantified by pad test. To compare the results between the three groups and the two measurements, a two-way Anova test with repeated measures was used (p<0.05). When interaction was significant, a posthoc using Student t test, with Bonferroni correction, was used to compare the three groups regarding the difference (end value minus initial value). To complete these results, a paired Student t test was used to compare in each group the initial and end values. Results: Fifty-eight women participated in this study, divided in three groups with similar characteristics regarding their age (29±5 years), parity (2±1 children), BMI (26±4 kg/m2 ), time since the last birth (10±2 weeks), weight of their baby at birth (330±50 grams). Time effect and interaction were significant (p<0.001) for all abdominal parameters. Experimental groups improved more than control group. Curl-up group improved more (p=0.001) than Drawing-in+Diaphragmatic aspiration group regarding the interrecti distance (9.3±4.2 mm versus 6.6±4.6 mm) and abdominal strength (20.4±16.4 Newton versus 11.4±12.8 Newton). Drawingin+Diaphragmatic aspiration group improved (0.8±0.7 mm) more than Curl-up group (0.5±0.7 mm) regarding the transversus abdominis thickness (p=0.001). Only Curl-up group improved (p<0.001) the rectus abdominis thickness (1.5±1.2 mm). For pelvic floor parameters, both experimental groups improved (p=0.01) except for tone which improved (p=0.03) only in Drawing-in+Diaphragmatic aspiration group from 19.9±4.1 cmH2O to 22.2±4.5 cmH2O. Conclusion: Curl-up was more efficient to improve abdominal function than Drawingin+Diaphragmatic aspiration. However, these exercises are complementary. None of them degraded the pelvic floor, but Drawing-in+Diaphragmatic aspiration improved further the pelvic floor function. Clinical implications: Curl-up, Drawing-in and Diaphragmatic aspiration can be used for the management of abdominal function in postpartum women. Exercises must be chosen considering the specific needs of each woman’s abdominal and pelvic floor function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curl-up" title="curl-up">curl-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing-in" title=" drawing-in"> drawing-in</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaphragmatic%20aspiration" title=" diaphragmatic aspiration"> diaphragmatic aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypopressive%20exercise" title=" hypopressive exercise"> hypopressive exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postpartum%20women" title=" postpartum women"> postpartum women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160083/abdominal-exercises-can-modify-abdominal-function-in-postpartum-women-a-randomized-control-trial-comparing-curl-up-to-drawing-in-combined-with-diaphragmatic-aspiration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Management of Dysphagia after Supra Glottic Laryngectomy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Premalatha%20B.%20S.">Premalatha B. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shenoy%20A.%20M."> Shenoy A. M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Rehabilitation of swallowing is as vital as speech in surgically treated head and neck cancer patients to maintain nutritional support, enhance wound healing and improve quality of life. Aspiration following supraglottic laryngectomy is very common, and rehabilitation of the same is crucial which requires involvement of speech therapist in close contact with head and neck surgeon. Objectives: To examine the functions of swallowing outcomes after intensive therapy in supraglottic laryngectomy. Materials: Thirty-nine supra glottic laryngectomees were participated in the study. Of them, 36 subjects were males and 3 were females, in the age range of 32-68 years. Eighteen subjects had undergone standard supra glottis laryngectomy (Group1) for supraglottic lesions where as 21 of them for extended supraglottic laryngectomy (Group 2) for base tongue and lateral pharyngeal wall lesion. Prior to surgery visit by speech pathologist was mandatory to assess the sutability for surgery and rehabilitation. Dysphagia rehabilitation started after decannulation of tracheostoma by focusing on orientation about anatomy, physiological variation before and after surgery, which was tailor made for each individual based on their type and extent of surgery. Supraglottic diet - Soft solid with supraglottic swallow method was advocated to prevent aspiration. The success of intervention was documented as number of sessions taken to swallow different food consistency and also percentage of subjects who achieved satisfactory swallow in terms of number of weeks in both the groups. Results: Statistical data was computed in two ways in both the groups 1) to calculate percentage (%) of subjects who swallowed satisfactorily in the time frame of less than 3 weeks to more than 6 weeks, 2) number of sessions taken to swallow without aspiration as far as food consistency was concerned. The study indicated that in group 1 subjects of standard supraglottic laryngectomy, 61% (n=11) of them were successfully rehabilitated but their swallowing normalcy was delayed by an average 29th post operative day (3-6 weeks). Thirty three percentages (33%) (n=6) of the subjects could swallow satisfactorily without aspiration even before 3 weeks and only 5 % (n=1) of the needed more than 6 weeks to achieve normal swallowing ability. Group 2 subjects of extended SGL only 47 %( n=10) of them could achieved satisfactory swallow by 3-6 weeks and 24% (n=5) of them of them achieved normal swallowing ability before 3 weeks. Around 4% (n=1) needed more than 6 weeks and as high as 24 % (n=5) of them continued to be supplemented with naso gastric feeding even after 8-10 months post operative as they exhibited severe aspiration. As far as type of food consistencies were concerned group 1 subject could able to swallow all types without aspiration much earlier than group 2 subjects. Group 1 needed only 8 swallowing therapy sessions for thickened soft solid and 15 sessions for liquids whereas group 2 required 14 sessions for soft solid and 17 sessions for liquids to achieve swallowing normalcy without aspiration. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of dysphagia intervention in supraglottic laryngectomees by speech pathologist. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysphagia%20management" title="dysphagia management">dysphagia management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supraglotic%20diet" title=" supraglotic diet"> supraglotic diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supraglottic%20laryngectomy" title=" supraglottic laryngectomy"> supraglottic laryngectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supraglottic%20swallow" title=" supraglottic swallow"> supraglottic swallow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69015/management-of-dysphagia-after-supra-glottic-laryngectomy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Saline Aspiration Negative Intravascular Test: Mitigating Risk with Injectable Fillers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20Lopes%20Dias%20Kolling">Marcelo Lopes Dias Kolling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Ferreira%20Laranjeira"> Felipe Ferreira Laranjeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guilherme%20Augusto%20Hettwer"> Guilherme Augusto Hettwer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Salom%C3%A3o%20Piccinini"> Pedro Salomão Piccinini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Masri"> Marwan Masri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Oscar%20Uebel"> Carlos Oscar Uebel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Injectable fillers are among the most common nonsurgical cosmetic procedures, with significant growth yearly. Knowledge of rheological and mechanical characteristics of fillers, facial anatomy, and injection technique is essential for safety. Concepts such as the use of cannula versus needle, aspiration before injection, and facial danger zones have been well discussed. In case of an accidental intravascular puncture, the pressure inside the vessel may not be sufficient to push blood into the syringe due to the characteristics of the filler product; this is especially true for calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) or hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers with high G’. Since viscoelastic properties of normal saline are much lower than those of fillers, aspiration with saline prior to filler injection may decrease the risk of a false negative aspiration and subsequent catastrophic effects. We discuss a technique to add an additional safety step to the procedure with saline aspiration prior to injection, a ‘’reverse Seldinger’’ technique for intravascular access, which we term SANIT: Saline Aspiration Negative Intravascular Test. Objectives: To demonstrate the author’s (PSP) technique which adds an additional safety step to the process of filler injection, with both CaHA and HA, in order to decrease the risk of intravascular injection. Materials and Methods: Normal skin cleansing and topical anesthesia with prilocaine/lidocaine cream are performed; the facial subunits to be treated are marked. A 3mL Luer lock syringe is filled with 2mL of 0.9% normal saline and a 27G needle, which is turned one half rotation. When a cannula is to be used, the Luer lock syringe is attached to a 27G 4cm single hole disposable cannula. After skin puncture, the 3mL syringe is advanced with the plunger pulled back (negative pressure). Progress is made to the desired depth, all the while aspirating. Once the desired location of filler injection is reached, the syringe is exchanged for the syringe containing a filler, securely grabbing the hub of the needle and taking care to not dislodge the needle tip. Prior to this, we remove 0.1mL of filler to allow for space inside the syringe for aspiration. We again aspirate and inject retrograde. SANIT is especially useful for CaHA, since the G’ is much higher than HA, and thus reflux of blood into the syringe is less likely to occur. Results: The technique has been used safely for the past two years with no adverse events; the increase in cost is negligible (only the cost of 2mL of normal saline). Over 100 patients (over 300 syringes) have been treated with this technique. The risk of accidental intravascular puncture has been calculated to be between 1:6410 to 1:40882 syringes among expert injectors; however, the consequences of intravascular injection can be catastrophic even with board-certified physicians. Conclusions: While the risk of intravascular filler injection is low, the consequences can be disastrous. We believe that adding the SANIT technique can help further mitigate risk with no significant untoward effects and could be considered by all performing injectable fillers. Further follow-up is ongoing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectable%20fillers" title="injectable fillers">injectable fillers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saline%20aspiration" title=" saline aspiration"> saline aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injectable%20filler%20complications" title=" injectable filler complications"> injectable filler complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title=" hyaluronic acid"> hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20hydroxyapatite" title=" calcium hydroxyapatite"> calcium hydroxyapatite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142402/saline-aspiration-negative-intravascular-test-mitigating-risk-with-injectable-fillers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> A 10 Year Review of the Complications of Ingested and Aspirated Dentures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rory%20Brown">Rory Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Daniels"> Jessica Daniels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babatunde%20Oremule"> Babatunde Oremule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Tsang"> William Tsang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadie%20Khwaja"> Sadie Khwaja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Dentures are common and are an intervention for both physical and psychological symptoms associated with tooth loss. However, the humble denture can cause morbidity and mortality if swallowed or aspirated. Numerous case reports document complications including hollow viscus perforation, fistula formation and airway compromise. The purpose of this review was to examine the literature documenting cases of swallowed or aspirated dentures over the past ten years to investigate factors that contribute to developing complications. Methods: A Medline literature search was performed to identify cases of denture ingestion or aspiration for over ten years. Data was collected to include patient, appliance and temporal factors that may contribute to developing complications including hollow viscus perforation, fistula formation, abscess, bowel obstruction, necrosis, hemorrhage and airway obstruction. The data was analyzed using observational and inferential statistics in the form of Chi-Squared and Pearson correlation tests. Results: Eighty-five cases of ingested or aspirated dentures were identified from 77 articles published between 1/10/2009 and 31/10/2019. Fourteen articles were excluded because they did not provide sufficient information on individual cases. Complications were documented in 37.6% of patients, and 2 cases resulted in death. There was no significant difference in complication risk based on patient age, hooked appliance, level of impaction, or radiolucency. However, symptoms of greater than 1-day duration are associated with an increased risk of complication (p=0.005). Increased time from ingestion or aspiration to removal is associated with an increased risk of complications, and the p-value remains significant up to and including day 4 (p=0.017). Conclusions: With denture use predicted to rise complications from the denture, ingestion and aspiration may become more frequent. We have demonstrated that increased symptom duration significantly increases the risk of developing complications. Additionally, we established the risk of developing complications is significantly reduced if the denture is removed with four days of aspiration or ingestion. By actively intervening early when presented with a case of swallowed or aspirated dentures, we may be able to reduce the morbidity associated with this unassuming device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration" title="aspiration">aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denture" title=" denture"> denture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ingestion" title=" ingestion"> ingestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoscopic%20foreign" title=" endoscopic foreign"> endoscopic foreign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20removal" title=" body removal"> body removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20body%20impaction" title=" foreign body impaction"> foreign body impaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116216/a-10-year-review-of-the-complications-of-ingested-and-aspirated-dentures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Evolving Digital Circuits for Early Stage Breast Cancer Detection Using Cartesian Genetic Programming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Khalid">Zahra Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gul%20Muhammad%20Khan"> Gul Muhammad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arbab%20Masood%20Ahmad"> Arbab Masood Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) is explored to design an optimal circuit capable of early stage breast cancer detection. CGP is used to evolve simple multiplexer circuits for detection of malignancy in the Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) samples of breast. The data set used is extracted from Wisconsins Breast Cancer Database (WBCD). A range of experiments were performed, each with different set of network parameters. The best evolved network detected malignancy with an accuracy of 99.14%, which is higher than that produced with most of the contemporary non-linear techniques that are computational expensive than the proposed system. The evolved network comprises of simple multiplexers and can be implemented easily in hardware without any further complications or inaccuracy, being the digital circuit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer%20detection" title="breast cancer detection">breast cancer detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartesian%20genetic%20programming" title=" cartesian genetic programming"> cartesian genetic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolvable%20hardware" title=" evolvable hardware"> evolvable hardware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20needle%20aspiration" title=" fine needle aspiration"> fine needle aspiration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96036/evolving-digital-circuits-for-early-stage-breast-cancer-detection-using-cartesian-genetic-programming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Correlation of Clinical and Sonographic Findings with Cytohistology for Diagnosis of Ovarian Tumours</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meenakshi%20Barsaul%20Chauhan">Meenakshi Barsaul Chauhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aastha%20Chauhan"> Aastha Chauhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shilpa%20Hurmade"> Shilpa Hurmade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajeev%20Sen"> Rajeev Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyotsna%20Sen"> Jyotsna Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Dalal"> Monika Dalal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ovarian masses are common forms of neoplasm in women and represent 2/3rd of gynaecological malignancies. A pre-operative suggestion of malignancy can guide the gynecologist to refer women with suspected pelvic mass to a gynecological oncologist for appropriate therapy and optimized treatment, which can improve survival. In the younger age group preoperative differentiation into benign or malignant pathology can decide for conservative or radical surgery. Imaging modalities have a definite role in establishing the diagnosis. By using International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) classification with sonography, costly radiological methods like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) / computed tomography (CT) scan can be reduced, especially in developing countries like India. Thus, this study is being undertaken to evaluate the role of clinical methods and sonography for diagnosis of the nature of the ovarian tumor. Material And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 40 patients presenting with ovarian masses, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at a tertiary care center in northern India. Functional cysts were excluded. Ultrasonography and color Doppler were performed on all the cases.IOTA rules were applied, which take into account locularity, size, presence of solid components, acoustic shadow, dopper flow etc . Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) / computed tomography (CT) scans abdomen and pelvis were done in cases where sonography was inconclusive. In inoperable cases, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done. The histopathology report after surgery and cytology report after FNAC was correlated statistically with the pre-operative diagnosis made clinically and sonographically using IOTA rules. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive measures were analyzed by using mean and standard deviation and the Student t-test was applied and the proportion was analyzed by applying the chi-square test. Inferential measures were analyzed by sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value. Results: Provisional diagnosis of the benign tumor was made in 16(42.5%) and of the malignant tumor was made in 24(57.5%) patients on the basis of clinical findings. With IOTA simple rules on sonography, 15(37.5%) were found to be benign, while 23 (57.5%) were found to be malignant and findings were inconclusive in 2 patients (5%). FNAC/Histopathology reported that benign ovarian tumors were 14 (35%) and 26(65%) were malignant, which was taken as the gold standard. The clinical finding alone was found to have a sensitivity of 66.6% and a specificity of 90.9%. USG alone had a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 80%. When clinical findings and IOTA simple rules of sonography were combined (excluding inconclusive masses), the sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 92.3%, respectively. While including inconclusive masses, sensitivity came out to be 91.6% and specificity was 89.2. Conclusion: IOTA's simple sonography rules are highly sensitive and specific in the prediction of ovarian malignancy and also easy to use and easily reproducible. Thus, combining clinical examination with USG will help in the better management of patients in terms of time, cost and better prognosis. This will also avoid the need for costlier modalities like CT, and MRI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benign" title="benign">benign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20ovarian%20tumor%20analysis%20classification" title=" international ovarian tumor analysis classification"> international ovarian tumor analysis classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant" title=" malignant"> malignant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20tumours" title=" ovarian tumours"> ovarian tumours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sonography" title=" sonography"> sonography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160067/correlation-of-clinical-and-sonographic-findings-with-cytohistology-for-diagnosis-of-ovarian-tumours" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> A Study on the Effectiveness of Alternative Commercial Ventilation Inlets That Improve Energy Efficiency of Building Ventilation Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Considine">Brian Considine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aonghus%20McNabola"> Aonghus McNabola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Gallagher"> John Gallagher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Kumar"> Prashant Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Passive air pollution control devices known as aspiration efficiency reducers (AER) have been developed using aspiration efficiency (AE) concepts. Their purpose is to reduce the concentration of particulate matter (PM) drawn into a building air handling unit (AHU) through alterations in the inlet design improving energy consumption. In this paper an examination is conducted into the effect of installing a deflector system around an AER-AHU inlet for both a forward and rear-facing orientations relative to the wind. The results of the study found that these deflectors are an effective passive control method for reducing AE at various ambient wind speeds over a range of microparticles of varying diameter. The deflector system was found to induce a large wake zone at low ambient wind speeds for a rear-facing AER-AHU, resulting in significantly lower AE in comparison to without. As the wind speed increased, both contained a wake zone but have much lower concentration gradients with the deflectors. For the forward-facing models, the deflector system at low ambient wind speed was preferred at higher Stokes numbers but there was negligible difference as the Stokes number decreased. Similarly, there was no significant difference at higher wind speeds across the Stokes number range tested. The results demonstrate that a deflector system is a viable passive control method for the reduction of ventilation energy consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20handling%20unit" title="air handling unit">air handling unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title=" air pollution"> air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration%20efficiency" title=" aspiration efficiency"> aspiration efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matter" title=" particulate matter"> particulate matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilation" title=" ventilation"> ventilation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123659/a-study-on-the-effectiveness-of-alternative-commercial-ventilation-inlets-that-improve-energy-efficiency-of-building-ventilation-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Rethinking the Value of Pancreatic Cyst CEA Levels from Endoscopic Ultrasound Fine-Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA): A Longitudinal Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giselle%20Tran">Giselle Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralitza%20Parina"> Ralitza Parina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phuong%20T.%20Nguyen"> Phuong T. Nguyen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background/Aims: Pancreatic cysts (PC) have recently become an increasingly common entity, often diagnosed as incidental findings on cross-sectional imaging. Clinically, management of the lesions is difficult because of uncertainties in their potential for malignant degeneration. Prior series have reported that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a biomarker collected from cyst fluid aspiration, has a high diagnostic accuracy for discriminating between mucinous and non-mucinous lesions, at the patient’s initial presentation. To the author’s best knowledge, no prior studies have reported PC CEA levels obtained from endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) over years of serial EUS surveillance imaging. Methods: We report a consecutive retrospective series of 624 patients who underwent EUS evaluation for a PC between 11/20/2009 and 11/13/2018. Of these patients, 401 patients had CEA values obtained at the point of entry. Of these, 157 patients had two or more CEA values obtained over the course of their EUS surveillance. Of the 157 patients (96 F, 61 M; mean age 68 [range, 62-76]), the mean interval of EUS follow-up was 29.7 months [3.5-128]. The mean number of EUS procedures was 3 [2-7]. To assess CEA value fluctuations, we defined an appreciable increase in CEA as "spikes" – two-times increase in CEA on a subsequent EUS-FNA of the same cyst, with the second CEA value being greater than 1000 ng/mL. Using this definition, cysts with a spike in CEA were compared to those without a spike in a bivariate analysis to determine if a CEA spike is associated with poorer outcomes and the presence of high-risk features. Results: Of the 157 patients analyzed, 29 had a spike in CEA. Of these 29 patients, 5 had a cyst with size increase >0.5cm (p=0.93); 2 had a large cyst, >3cm (p=0.77); 1 had a cyst that developed a new solid component (p=0.03); 7 had a cyst with a solid component at any time during surveillance (p=0.08); 21 had a complex cyst (p=0.34); 4 had a cyst categorized as "Statistically Higher Risk" based on molecular analysis (p=0.11); and 0 underwent surgical resection (p=0.28). Conclusion: With serial EUS imaging in the surveillance of PC, an increase in CEA level defined as a spike did not predict poorer outcomes. Most notably, a spike in CEA did not correlate with the number of patients sent to surgery or patients with an appreciable increase in cyst size. A spike in CEA did not correlate with the development of a solid nodule within the PC nor progression on molecular analysis. Future studies should focus on the selected use of CEA analysis when patients undergo EUS surveillance evaluation for PCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoembryonic%20antigen%20%28CEA%29" title="carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)">carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoscopic%20ultrasound%20%28EUS%29" title=" endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)"> endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine-needle%20aspiration%20%28FNA%29" title=" fine-needle aspiration (FNA)"> fine-needle aspiration (FNA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreatic%20cyst" title=" pancreatic cyst"> pancreatic cyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spike" title=" spike"> spike</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148012/rethinking-the-value-of-pancreatic-cyst-cea-levels-from-endoscopic-ultrasound-fine-needle-aspiration-eus-fna-a-longitudinal-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Mycobacterium Genome Extraction from Lymph Nodes of Sarcoidosis Cases Using Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Essay On 1223 Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atefeh%20Abedini">Atefeh Abedini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pegah%20Soltani"> Pegah Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arda%20Kiani"> Arda Kiani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Sarcoidosis and Tuberculosis are both considered granulomatous chronic diseases with some similar pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. It is hypothesized that given these morphological similarities, the genome of mycobacterium could have an impact on the development of Sarcoidosis. Identifying the potential correlation of these diseases may assist in the management of sarcoidosis. Herein, we aimed to inspect the lymph node biopsy of sarcoidosis patients for the existence of the HSP-65 mycobacterium DNA sequence. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1188 Sarcoidosis patients without active/latent tuberculosis infection who were diagnosed in Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from January 2020 to January 2022. Trans-bronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) was performed due to bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy to take a specimen. Results: The under-evaluated patients were mainly women (N=815 (68.6%)), none-smoker (N=1016 (85.5%)), and middle-aged (50.1 (SD=4.22)) with average angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) index of 75.6 (SD=6.42). Dyslipidemias (n=314 (26.4%), Hypertension (n=295 (24.8%)), Diabetes mellitus (n=131 (11.0%)), and chronic heart diseases (n=97 (8.2%)) had the highest prevalence between comorbidities. Skin lesions (n= 655 (55.1%)), ophthalmic (n=341 (28.7%)), and cardiac involvement (n=229 (19.3%)) were obtained as the most common extra-pulmonary characteristics of the patients. Amongst 1188 enrolled patients who were not afflicted with Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on smear/culture essay, clinical symptoms, and Chest x-ray screening, 121 (10.2%) cases had detectable amplified DNA for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis extracted from mediastinal lung lymph nodes. Conclusion: In this survey, the mycobacterium genome was detected in almost 1 per 10 case biopsies of sarcoidosis. The remarkable number of cases (n=1188) evaluated in this study was the strength of this study which supported the hypothesis regarding sarcoidosis and mycobacterium genome correlation. Further investigation, such as case-control surveys, is required to better clarify this association. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycobacterium%20tuberculosis" title="mycobacterium tuberculosis">mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sarcoidosis" title=" sarcoidosis"> sarcoidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genome" title=" genome"> genome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA" title=" DNA"> DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trans-bronchial%20needle%20aspiration" title=" trans-bronchial needle aspiration"> trans-bronchial needle aspiration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187424/mycobacterium-genome-extraction-from-lymph-nodes-of-sarcoidosis-cases-using-transbronchial-needle-aspiration-a-cross-sectional-descriptive-essay-on-1223-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Clinical Implication of Hyper-Intense Signal Thyroid Incidentaloma on Time of Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inseon%20Ryoo">Inseon Ryoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo%20Chin%20Kim"> Soo Chin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyena%20Jung"> Hyena Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangil%20Suh"> Sangil Suh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of hyper-intense signal thyroid incidentalomas on the time of flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) using correlation study with ultrasound (US). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 3,505 non-contrast TOF-MRA performed at an institution between September 2014 and May 2017. Two radiologists correlated the thyroid incidentalomas detected on TOF-MRA with US features which was obtained within three months interval between MRA and US examinations in consensus method. Results: The prevalence of hyper-intense signal thyroid nodules incidentally detected on TOF-MRA was 1.2% (43/3505). Among them, 35 people (81.4%) underwent US examinations, and total 45 hyper-intense signal thyroid nodules were detected on US exams. Of these 45 nodules, 35 nodules (72.9%) were categorized as benign (K-TIRADS category 2) on US exams. Fine needle aspiration was performed on 9 nodules according to the indications recommended by Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. All except one high-suspicious thyroid nodule were confirmed as benign (Bethesda 2) on cytologic exams. One high-suspicious nodule on US showed a non-diagnostic result (Bethesda 1) on cytologic exam. However, this nodule collapsed after aspiration of thick colloid material. Conclusions: Our study showed that the most hyper-intense signal thyroid nodules detected on TOF-MRA were benign. Therefore, if a hyper-intense signal incidentaloma is found on TOF-MRA, further evaluation, especially invasive biopsy of the nodules could be suspended unless the patient had other symptoms or clinical factors suggesting the need for further evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incidentaloma" title="incidentaloma">incidentaloma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20nodule" title=" thyroid nodule"> thyroid nodule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOF%20MR%20angiography" title=" TOF MR angiography"> TOF MR angiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93144/clinical-implication-of-hyper-intense-signal-thyroid-incidentaloma-on-time-of-flight-magnetic-resonance-angiography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology%20aspiration&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology%20aspiration&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytology%20aspiration&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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