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href="/wiki/Husus:ObrolanKuring" title="Sawala ngeunaan éditan ti alamat IP ieu [n]" accesskey="n">Obrolan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Eusi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eusi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sumputkeun</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mimiti</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Sejarah </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Babilonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Babilonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Babilonia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Babilonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astronomi_Yunani-Romawi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astronomi_Yunani-Romawi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Astronomi Yunani-Romawi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astronomi_Yunani-Romawi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astronomi_Islam_abad_pertengahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astronomi_Islam_abad_pertengahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astronomi_Islam_abad_pertengahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renaisans_Eropa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renaisans_Eropa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Renaisans Eropa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renaisans_Eropa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abad_ke-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abad_ke-19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Abad ke-19 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abad_ke-19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abad_ke-20" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abad_ke-20"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Abad ke-20 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abad_ke-20-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abad_ke-21" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abad_ke-21"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 Abad ke-21 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abad_ke-21-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definisi_planet_luar_surya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisi_planet_luar_surya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8.1 Definisi planet luar surya </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisi_planet_luar_surya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Definisi_2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisi_2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8.2 Definisi 2006 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisi_2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikasi_sebelumnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikasi_sebelumnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.9 Klasifikasi sebelumnya </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasifikasi_sebelumnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mitologi_dan_pemberian_nama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitologi_dan_pemberian_nama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Mitologi dan pemberian nama </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitologi_dan_pemberian_nama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pembentukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembentukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Pembentukan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembentukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tata_Surya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tata_Surya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Tata Surya </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tata_Surya-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Tata Surya </button> <ul id="toc-Tata_Surya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ciri-ciri_planet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciri-ciri_planet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Ciri-ciri planet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciri-ciri_planet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Periode_rotasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periode_rotasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Periode rotasi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Periode_rotasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Periode rotasi </button> <ul id="toc-Periode_rotasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Periode_rotasi_beberapa_benda_angkasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periode_rotasi_beberapa_benda_angkasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Periode rotasi beberapa benda angkasa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periode_rotasi_beberapa_benda_angkasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planet_luar_surya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planet_luar_surya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Planet luar surya </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planet_luar_surya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Objek_bermassa_planet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Objek_bermassa_planet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Objek bermassa planet </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Objek_bermassa_planet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Objek bermassa planet </button> <ul id="toc-Objek_bermassa_planet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Planet_liar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planet_liar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Planet liar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planet_liar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katai_sub-coklat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katai_sub-coklat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Katai sub-coklat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katai_sub-coklat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bekas_bintang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bekas_bintang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Bekas bintang </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bekas_bintang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planet_satelit_dan_planet_sabuk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planet_satelit_dan_planet_sabuk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Planet satelit dan planet sabuk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planet_satelit_dan_planet_sabuk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciri-ciri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciri-ciri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Ciri-ciri </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ciri-ciri-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Ciri-ciri </button> <ul id="toc-Ciri-ciri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ciri-ciri_dinamis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciri-ciri_dinamis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Ciri-ciri dinamis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciri-ciri_dinamis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Orbit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Orbit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orbit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kemiringan_sumbu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kemiringan_sumbu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Kemiringan sumbu </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kemiringan_sumbu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rotasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rotasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Rotasi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rotasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pembersihan_orbit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembersihan_orbit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.4 Pembersihan orbit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembersihan_orbit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciri-ciri_fisik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciri-ciri_fisik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Ciri-ciri fisik </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciri-ciri_fisik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Massa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.1 Massa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Massa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diferensiasi_internal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diferensiasi_internal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.2 Diferensiasi internal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diferensiasi_internal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atmosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atmosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.3 Atmosfer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atmosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magnetosfer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetosfer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.4 Magnetosfer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetosfer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciri-ciri_sekunder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciri-ciri_sekunder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Ciri-ciri sekunder </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciri-ciri_sekunder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istilah_terkait" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istilah_terkait"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Istilah terkait </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istilah_terkait-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Lihat pula </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan_kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan_kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Catatan kaki </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan_kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Referensi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Pranala luar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Eusi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gulingkan daftar isi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bintang</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 230 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-230" aria-hidden="true" > 230 basa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%95%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%94%E1%89%B5" title="ፕላኔት – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፕላኔት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dweligende_tungol" title="Dweligende tungol – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Dweligende tungol" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%A0%DC%9D%DC%9B%DC%90" title="ܦܠܝܛܐ – Aram" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܠܝܛܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aram" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্ৰহ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D9%86" title="گزه‌گن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گزه‌گن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9t" title="Planét – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Planét" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Плянэта – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Плянэта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang_ider" title="Bintang ider – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bintang ider" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanit" title="Palanit – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Palanit" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F" title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্রহ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="གཡོ་སྐར། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གཡོ་སྐར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedenn" title="Planedenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Planedenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanet" title="Polanet – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Polanet" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A0ng-s%C4%ADng" title="Giàng-sĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Giàng-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сайрат – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сайрат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="ھەسارە – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەسارە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyare" title="Seyyare – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Seyyare" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планита – Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Планита" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planed" title="Planed – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Planed" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Jérman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jérman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyren%C4%B1k" title="Geyrenık – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Geyrenık" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%80%DE%A6" title="ގުރަހަ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގުރަހަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Πλανήτης – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλανήτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianaid" title="Pianaid – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pianaid" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedo" title="Planedo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Planedo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سیاره – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeetta" title="Planeetta – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Planeetta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hod%27ot%C3%A4ht" title="Hod'otäht – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hod'otäht" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veivuravura" title="Veivuravura – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Veivuravura" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongustj%C3%B8rnur" title="Gongustjørnur – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gongustjørnur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8ta" title="Planèta – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Planèta" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeete" title="Planeete – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Planeete" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad" title="Pláinéad – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pláinéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yv%C3%B3ra" title="Yvóra – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvóra" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9" title="ગ્રહ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગ્રહ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duniyoyi" title="Duniyoyi – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Duniyoyi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0ng-s%C3%AAn" title="Hàng-sên – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hàng-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%AB_hele" title="Hōkū hele – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōkū hele" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91_%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA" title="כוכב לכת – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוכב לכת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grah" title="Grah – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Grah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolyg%C3%B3" title="Bolygó – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bolygó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Մոլորակ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոլորակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մոլորակներ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մոլորակներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbara_ala" title="Mbara ala – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mbara ala" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullugiaq" title="Ullugiaq – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Ullugiaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дуне – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дуне" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeto" title="Planeto – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Planeto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reikistjarna" title="Reikistjarna – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Reikistjarna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%91%E6%98%9F" title="惑星 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="惑星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/plini" title="plini – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="plini" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itrikli" title="Itrikli – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Itrikli" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%CC%B1lanet" title="Pi̱lanet – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Pi̱lanet" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mweta" title="Mweta – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mweta" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ғаламшар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғаламшар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96" title="ភព – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភព" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%84%B1" title="행성 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="행성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%81%D9%8F%D8%AF" title="گرٛہُد – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛہُد" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_(A%C3%9Ftronomie)" title="Planet (Aßtronomie) – Dialek Kolsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Planet (Aßtronomie)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Dialek Kolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerst%C3%AArk" title="Gerstêrk – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gerstêrk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Планет – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Планет" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9it" title="Planéit – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Planéit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94_mwa_mal%C3%ADli" title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%B0" title="ດາວເຄາະ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາວເຄາະ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C4%93ta" title="Planēta – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Planēta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fajiry" title="Fajiry – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fajiry" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Планете – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Планете" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="ഗ്രഹം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4_(%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C)" title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ) – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjaneta" title="Pjaneta – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pjaneta" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="ဂြိုဟ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Чарытеште – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чарытеште" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87_(%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85)" title="گردله (نجوم) – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گردله (نجوم)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citlaltlalli" title="Citlaltlalli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Citlaltlalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chianeta" title="Chianeta – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Chianeta" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="गरः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गरः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plian%C3%A8te" title="Plianète – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Plianète" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilaaneetoota" title="Pilaaneetoota – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Pilaaneetoota" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9" title="ଗ୍ରହ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗ୍ରହ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Планетæ – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Планетæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF" title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaanet" title="Plaanet – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Plaanet" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سیارا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیارا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سياره – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سياره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiqsimuyuhina" title="Tiqsimuyuhina – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tiqsimuyuhina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiyaron" title="Shiyaron – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Shiyaron" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C4%83" title="Planetă – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Planetă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C3%A2" title="Planetâ – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Planetâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planehta" title="Planehta – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Planehta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="လူၵ်ႈ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လူၵ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9A" title="ග්‍රහලෝක – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ග්‍රහලෝක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9ta" title="Planéta – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Planéta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%92" title="سیارے – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سیارے" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaaneet" title="Plaaneet – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Plaaneet" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chindeya" title="Chindeya – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chindeya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meere" title="Meere – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Meere" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeti" title="Planeti – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Planeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanete" title="Polanete – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Polanete" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayari" title="Sayari – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கோள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82" title="గ్రహం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రహం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сайёра – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сайёра" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="ดาวเคราะห์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวเคราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gezegen" title="Gezegen – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gezegen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanya" title="Chanya – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chanya" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="سەييارە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەييارە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="سیارہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیارہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyora" title="Sayyora – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sayyora" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel petingan"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0nh_tinh" title="Hành tinh – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hành tinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bole_(astronomeye)" title="Bole (astronomeye) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bole (astronomeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Һариг – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98" title="פלאנעט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פלאנעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1n%E1%BA%B9%CC%81t%C3%AC" title="Plánẹ́tì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Plánẹ́tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqbyaij" title="Ndaundeiqbyaij – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqbyaij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A1%E2%B4%B3" title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – Tiongkok" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiongkok" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%CC%8Dk-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="He̍k-chheⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="He̍k-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umzulane" title="Umzulane – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umzulane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q634#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Édit tutumbu antarbasa" class="wbc-editpage">Édit tutumbu</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ngaranspasi"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bintang" title="Témbongkeun eusi kaca [c]" accesskey="c">Kaca</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obrolan:Bintang&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Sawala ngeunaan eusi kaca (kaca can aya) 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</div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ti Wikipédia Sunda, énsiklopédi bébas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(dialihkeun ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plan%C3%A9t&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Planét">Planét</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="su" dir="ltr"><table align="center" style="border: 1px solid #79b; background: #FFFFDD; width: 80%; margin: 0 auto 1em auto; padding: .2em; text-align: justify;"> <tbody><tr><td width="1%"> <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Panneau_travaux.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Panneau_travaux.png/40px-Panneau_travaux.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Panneau_travaux.png/60px-Panneau_travaux.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Panneau_travaux.png/80px-Panneau_travaux.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="88" /></a></td> <td align="center">Artikel ieu keur dikeureuyeuh, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pitulung_narjamahkeun" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Pitulung narjamahkeun">ditarjamahkeun</a> tina <a href="/wiki/Basa_Indon%C3%A9sia" title="Basa Indonésia">basa Indonésia</a>. Bantuanna didagoan pikeun <a class="external text" href="https://su.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit">narjamahkeun</a>.</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="dablink noprint">Artikel ieu lain ngeunaan <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ntang" title="Béntang">Béntang</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r606548/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/300px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/450px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png/600px-1e7m_comparison_Uranus_Neptune_Sirius_B_Earth_Venus.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/300px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/450px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/600px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Skala objek berukuran planet: Baris atas: <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a>; baris kedua: <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a>, bintang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_putih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai putih (kaca can aya)">katai putih</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sirius_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sirius B (kaca can aya)">Sirius B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a>; baris bawah (diperbesar) – atas: <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a>; bawah: <a href="/wiki/Bulan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bulan">Bulan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kerdil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kerdil (kaca can aya)">planet kerdil</a> <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haumea_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haumea (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Haumea</a></div></div></div></div></div> Bintang atawa planit atawa planét atawa béntang ider atawa béntang jarah (kadé pahili jeung <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ntang" title="Béntang">béntang</a>) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Ety&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Ety (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Ety</a>) nyaéta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banda_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banda astronomi (kaca can aya)">banda astronomi</a> nu <a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">ngorbit</a> ka hiji <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ntang" title="Béntang">béntang</a> atawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Evolusi_bintang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evolusi bintang (kaca can aya)">sésa béntang</a> anu rada gedé pikeun boga <a href="/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi">gravitasi</a> sorangan, henteu gedé teuing pikeun nyiptakeun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusi_termonuklir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fusi termonuklir (kaca can aya)">fusi termonuklir</a>, sarta geus "meresihkeun" daérah di sabudeureunana anu dipinuhan ku <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plan%C3%A9t%C3%A9simal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planétésimal (kaca can aya)">planétésimal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-footnoteA-1">[lower-alpha 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-IAU-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-WSGESP-3">[2]</a> Kecap planit geus lila aya sarta matali jeung <a href="/wiki/Sajarah" title="Sajarah">sajarah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sains" class="mw-redirect" title="Sains">sains</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi (kaca can aya)">mitologi</a>, sarta <a href="/wiki/Agama" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama">agama</a>. Ku peradaban kuno, planit dipandang minangka hiji hal anu abadi atawa wawakil <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dewa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dewa (kaca can aya)">dewa</a>. Kadieunakeun, pandangan jelema ka planit robah. Bédana bintang jeung béntang, nyaéta lamun bintang teu bisa ngahasilkeun cahyana sorangan, tapi ngan mantulekun cahya ti bintang. Sedengkeun, béntang bisa ngahasilkeu cahya sorangan.<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> Pada tahun 2006, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persatuan_Astronomi_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persatuan Astronomi Internasional (kaca can aya)">Persatuan Astronomi Internasional</a> (IAU) mengesahkan sebuah resolusi resmi yang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet_IAU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet IAU (kaca can aya)">mendefinisikan planet</a> di <a href="/wiki/Tata_Surya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Surya">Tata Surya</a>. Definisi ini dipuji namun juga dikritik dan masih diperdebatkan oleh sejumlah ilmuwan karena tidak mencakup benda-benda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planemo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planemo (kaca can aya)">bermassa planet</a> yang ditentukan oleh tempat atau benda orbitnya. Meski delapan benda planet yang ditemukan sebelum 1950 masih dianggap "planet" sesuai definisi modern, sejumlah benda angkasa seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=3_Juno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3 Juno (kaca can aya)">Juno</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a> (masing-masing objek di sabuk asteroid Matahari), dan <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> (objek trans-Neptunus yang pertama ditemukan) yang dulunya dianggap planet oleh komunitas ilmuwan sudah tidak dipermasalahkan lagi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ptolomeus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ptolomeus (kaca can aya)">Ptolomeus</a> menganggap planet mengelilingi Bumi dengan gerakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deferen_dan_episiklus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deferen dan episiklus (kaca can aya)">deferen dan episiklus</a>. Walaupun ide <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliosentrisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliosentrisme (kaca can aya)">planet mengelilingi Matahari</a> sudah lama diutarakan, baru pada abad ke-17 ide ini terbukti oleh pengamatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleskop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teleskop (kaca can aya)">teleskop</a> <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a>. Dengan analisis data observasi yang cukup teliti, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a> menemukan bahwa orbit planet tidak berbentuk lingkaran, melainkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_elips&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbit elips (kaca can aya)">elips</a>. Seiring perkembangan peralatan observasi, para <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronom (kaca can aya)">astronom</a> mengamati bahwa planet berotasi pada sumbu miring dan beberapa di antaranya memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beting_es&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beting es (kaca can aya)">beting es</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Musim" class="mw-redirect" title="Musim">musim</a> layaknya Bumi. Sejak awal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaman_Angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaman Angkasa (kaca can aya)">Zaman Angkasa</a>, pengamatan jarak dekat oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wahana_antariksa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wahana antariksa (kaca can aya)">wahana antariksa</a> membuktikan bahwa Bumi dan planet-planet lain memiliki tanda-tanda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunung_api&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunung api (kaca can aya)">vulkanisme</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badai (kaca can aya)">badai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tektonik" class="mw-redirect" title="Tektonik">tektonik</a>, dan bahkan <a href="/wiki/Hidrologi" title="Hidrologi">hidrologi</a>. Secara umum, planet terbagi menjadi dua jenis utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa gas (kaca can aya)">raksasa gas</a> besar berkepadatan rendah dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kebumian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kebumian (kaca can aya)">raksasa darat</a> kecil berbatu. Sesuai definisi IAU, ada delapan planet di Tata Surya. Menurut jaraknya dari <a href="/wiki/Matahari" class="mw-redirect" title="Matahari">Matahari</a> (dekat ke jauh), ada empat planet kebumian, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, kemudian empat raksasa gas, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a>. Enam planet di antaranya dikelilingi oleh satu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alam (kaca can aya)">satelit alam</a> atau lebih. Selain itu, IAU mengakui lima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kerdil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kerdil (kaca can aya)">planet kerdil</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> dan ratusan ribu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benda_kecil_Tata_Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benda kecil Tata Surya (kaca can aya)">benda kecil Tata Surya</a>. Mereka juga masih mempertimbangkan benda-benda lain untuk digolongkan sebagai planet.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> Sejak 1992, ratusan planet yang mengelilingi bintang-bintang lain ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_luar_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet luar surya (kaca can aya)">planet luar surya</a>" atau "eksoplanet") di <a href="/wiki/Bima_Sakti" title="Bima Sakti">Bima Sakti</a> telah ditemukan. Per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a> planet luar surya yang diketahui (di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem planet (kaca can aya)">sistem planet</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_sistem_multiplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar sistem multiplanet (kaca can aya)">sistem multiplanet</a>) terdaftar di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (kaca can aya)">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a>. Ukurannya beragam, mulai dari planet daratan mirip Bumi hingga raksasa gas yang lebih besar daripada Jupiter.<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">[6]</a> Pada tanggal 20 Desember 2011, tim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler_(wahana_antariksa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler (wahana antariksa) (kaca can aya)">Teleskop Luar Angkasa Kepler</a> menemukan dua planet luar surya seukuran Bumi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20e (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20e</a><a href="#cite_note-Kepler20e-20111220-8">[7]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20f (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20f</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kepler20f-20111220-9">[8]</a> yang mengorbit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analog_Matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analog Matahari (kaca can aya)">bintang mirip Matahari</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20 (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NASA-20111220-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nature-20111220-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20111220-12">[11]</a> Studi tahun 2012 yang menganalisis data <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrolensa_gravitasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrolensa gravitasi (kaca can aya)">mikrolensa gravitasi</a> memperkirakan setiap bintang di Bima Sakti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rata-rata_aritmetik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rata-rata aritmetik (kaca can aya)">rata-rata</a> dikelilingi oleh sedikitnya 1,6 planet.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> Sejumlah astronom di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard-Smithsonian_Center_for_Astrophysics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (kaca can aya)">Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics</a> (CfA) melaporkan pada Januari 2013 bahwa sedikitnya 17 miliar eksoplanet seukuran Bumi (tepatnya 0,8–1,25 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massa Bumi (kaca can aya)">massa Bumi</a>) dengan periode orbit 85 hari atau kurang berada di galaksi Bima Sakti.<a href="#cite_note-Space-20130107-14">[13]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Édit bab: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah">édit sumber</a>]</div> <dl><dd>Informasi salajengna: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah astronomi (kaca can aya)">Sejarah astronomi</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet (kaca can aya)">Definisi planet</a></dd></dl> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_waktu_astronomi_Tata_Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis waktu astronomi Tata Surya (kaca can aya)">Garis waktu astronomi Tata Surya</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Ptolemaicsystem-small.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/250px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/375px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ptolemaicsystem-small.png/500px-Ptolemaicsystem-small.png 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>Cetakan model kosmologi geosentris dari Cosmographia, Antwerp, 1539</figcaption></figure> Ide tentang planet berubah-ubah sepanjang sejarah, mulai dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang_pengelana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintang pengelana (kaca can aya)">bintang pengelana</a> abadi pada zaman antik hingga benda kebumian pada zaman modern. Konsep ini meluas tidak hanya di Tata Surya saja, tetapi sudah mencapai ratusan sistem luar surya lainnya. Ambiguitas yang terdapat dalam definisi planet telah menjadi kontroversi di kalangan ilmuwan. Lima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_klasik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet klasik (kaca can aya)">planet klasik</a> yang dapat dilihat mata telanjang sudah diketahui sejak zaman kuno dan pengaruhnya sangat besar di dunia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi (kaca can aya)">mitologi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmologi_agama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmologi agama (kaca can aya)">kosmologi agama</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">astronomi</a> kuno. Pada zaman itu, astronom mengetahui bagaimana cahaya-cahaya tertentu bergerak melintasi langit relatif terhadap bintang lain. Bangsa Yunani kuno menyebut cahaya tersebut πλάνητες ἀστέρες (planetes asteres, "bintang pengelana") atau "πλανήτοι" saja (planētoi, "pengelana"),<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> yang dari situlah kata "planet" terbentuk.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-oed-17">[16]</a> Di <a href="/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani">Yunani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cina">Cina</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babilonia (kaca can aya)">Babilonia</a> kuno, dan seluruh peradaban pra-modern,<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> diyakini bahwa Bumi berada di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geosentris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geosentris (kaca can aya)">pusat Alam Semesta</a> dan semua "planet" mengelilingi Bumi. Alasan munculnya sudut pandang ini adalah bintang dan planet tampak berputar mengitari Bumi setiap hari<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> dan persepsi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akal_sehat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akal sehat (kaca can aya)">akal sehat</a> bahwa Bumi bersifat padat dan tetap, tidak bergerak dan diam. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Babilonia">Babilonia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Édit bab: Babilonia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Babilonia">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi Babilonia (kaca can aya)">Astronomi Babilonia</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Peradaban pertama yang dikenal memiliki teori fungsional tentang planet adalah bangsa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babilonia (kaca can aya)">Babilonia</a>, penduduk <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> pada milenium pertama dan kedua SM. Teks astronomi planet tertua yang masih ada adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tablet_Venus_dari_Ammisaduqa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tablet Venus dari Ammisaduqa (kaca can aya)">Tablet Venus dari Ammisaduqa</a>, salinan daftar pengamatan gerakan planet Venus abad ke-7 SM yang diduga dirancang pada milenium kedua SM.<a href="#cite_note-practice-21">[20]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MUL.APIN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MUL.APIN (kaca can aya)">MUL.APIN</a> adalah sepasang tablet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuneiform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuneiform (kaca can aya)">kuneiform</a> tertanggal abad ke-7 SM yang mencatat gerakan Matahari, Bulan, dan planet-planet sepanjang tahun.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> Sejumlah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrologi_Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrologi Babilonia (kaca can aya)">astrolog Babilonia</a> juga menetapkan dasar-dasar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrologi_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrologi Barat (kaca can aya)">astrologi Barat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-book-23">[22]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enuma_anu_enlil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enuma anu enlil (kaca can aya)">Enuma anu enlil</a>, ditulis saat periode <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Assyria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Assyria (kaca can aya)">Neo-Assyria</a> pada abad ke-7 SM,<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> terdiri dari daftar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Omen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omen (kaca can aya)">omen</a> dan hubungannya dengan berbagai fenomena langit, termasuk gerakan planet-planet.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-ancientmes-26">[25]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a>, dan planet terluar <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a> diidentifikasi oleh sejumlah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi Babilonia (kaca can aya)">astronom Babilonia</a>. Semuanya adalah planet yang pernah diketahui manusia sampai ditemukannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleskop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teleskop (kaca can aya)">teleskop</a> pada awal zaman modern.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astronomi_Yunani-Romawi">Astronomi Yunani-Romawi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Édit bab: Astronomi Yunani-Romawi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Astronomi Yunani-Romawi">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi Yunani (kaca can aya)">Astronomi Yunani</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>7 planet Ptolomeus </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1 Bulan <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☾"><img alt="☾" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg/16px-Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg/24px-Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg/32px-Moon_decrescent_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>2 Merkurius <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>3 Venus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>4 Matahari <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Sun_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☉"><img alt="☉" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sun_symbol.svg/16px-Sun_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sun_symbol.svg/24px-Sun_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sun_symbol.svg/32px-Sun_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>5 Mars <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>6 Jupiter <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>7 Saturnus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Bangsa Yunani Kuno awalnya tidak setertarik bangsa Babilonia dalam mempelajari planet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengikut_Pythagoras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengikut Pythagoras (kaca can aya)">Pengikut Pythagoras</a> pada abad ke-6 dan 5 SM tampaknya sudah mengembangkan teori keplanetannya sendiri yang terdiri dari Bumi, Matahari, Bulan, dan planet-planet mengelilingi "Api Tengah" di pusat Alam Semesta. <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a> atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parmenides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parmenides (kaca can aya)">Parmenides</a> dikabarkan merupakan orang pertama yang mengidentifikasi bintang senja dan bintang pagi (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a>) sebagai satu benda.<a href="#cite_note-burnet-28">[27]</a> Pada abad ke-3 SM, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristarkhus_dari_Samos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristarkhus dari Samos (kaca can aya)">Aristarkhus dari Samos</a> mengusulkan sistem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliosentrisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliosentrisme (kaca can aya)">heliosentris</a>, yang berarti Bumi dan planet mengitari Matahari. Akan tetapi, sistem geosentris terus mendominasi peradaban dunia sampai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolusi_Ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolusi Ilmiah (kaca can aya)">Revolusi Ilmiah</a>. Pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_Hellenistik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode Hellenistik (kaca can aya)">periode Hellenistik</a> abad ke-1 SM, bangsa Yunani mulai mengembangkan skema matematika untuk memperkirakan posisi planet-planet. Skema yang berdasarkan geometri alih-alih aritmetika Babilonia ini kelak mengusangkan teori kompleks dan kelengkapan Babilonia. Kebanyakan pergerakan astronomis yang diamati dari Bumi dengan mata telanjang menggunakan skema ini. Teori Yunani ini baru dijelaskan secara lengkap di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Almagest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Almagest (kaca can aya)">Almagest</a> karya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ptolomeus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ptolomeus (kaca can aya)">Ptolomeus</a> pada abad ke-2 M. Model Ptolomeus ini begitu lengkap dan dominan sampai-sampai semua teori astronomi sebelum ini dianggap usang dan Almagest menjadi teks astronomi resmi di dunia Barat selama 13 abad.<a href="#cite_note-practice-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-almagest-29">[28]</a> Bangsa Yunani dan Romawi mengenal tujuh planet, masing-masing dianggap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_geosentris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model geosentris (kaca can aya)">mengelilingi Bumi</a> sesuai hukum kompleks Ptolomeus. Planet-planet tersebut adalah (sesuai urutan Ptolomeus dari Bumi): Bulan, Merkurius, Venus, Matahari, Mars, Jupiter, dan Saturnus.<a href="#cite_note-oed-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-almagest-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Édit bab: India" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: India">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi India (kaca can aya)">Astronomi India</a> jeung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmologi_Hindu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmologi Hindu (kaca can aya)">Kosmologi Hindu</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Pada tahun 499 CE, astronom India <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aryabhata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aryabhata (kaca can aya)">Aryabhata</a> membuat model planet yang memasukkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotasi_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotasi Bumi (kaca can aya)">rotasi Bumi</a> di sumbunya. Ia menjelaskan hal tersebut sebagai penyebab bintang tampak bergerak ke barat. Ia juga meyakini bahwa orbit planet berbentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elips&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elips (kaca can aya)">elips</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> Pengikut Aryabhata sangat banyak di <a href="/w/index.php?title=India_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="India Selatan (kaca can aya)">India Selatan</a>, tempat prinsip-prinsipnya soal rotasi diurnal Bumi diakui dan sejumlah karya lanjutan yang didasarkan pada teori tersebut dibuat.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Tahun 1500, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nilakantha_Somayaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nilakantha Somayaji (kaca can aya)">Nilakantha Somayaji</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazhab_astronomi_dan_matematika_Kerala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazhab astronomi dan matematika Kerala (kaca can aya)">mazhab astronomi dan matematika Kerala</a> merevisi model Aryabhata dalam karyanya yang berjudul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantrasangraha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantrasangraha (kaca can aya)">Tantrasangraha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MOPM-33">[32]</a> Dalam Aryabhatiyabhasya, komentar terhadap Aryabhatiya-nya Aryabhata, ia mengembangkan model planet berupa Merkurius, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, dan Saturnus mengelilingi Matahari dan Matahari mengelilingi Bumi, mirip <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_Tychonik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem Tychonik (kaca can aya)">sistem Tychonik</a> yang kelak diusulkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tycho_Brahe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tycho Brahe (kaca can aya)">Tycho Brahe</a> pada akhir abad ke-16. Kebanyakan astronom mazhab Kerala yang menjadi pengikutnya menerima model planet usulannya.<a href="#cite_note-MOPM-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astronomi_Islam_abad_pertengahan">Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Édit bab: Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomi_Islam_abad_pertengahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan (kaca can aya)">Astronomi Islam abad pertengahan</a> jeung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmologi_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmologi Islam (kaca can aya)">Kosmologi Islam</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Pada abad ke-11, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transit_Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transit Venus (kaca can aya)">transit Venus</a> diamati oleh <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Sina" title="Ibnu Sina">Ibnu Sina</a>, yang menetapkan bahwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a> kadang berada di bawah Matahari.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> Pada abad ke-12, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibnu_Bajjah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibnu Bajjah (kaca can aya)">Ibnu Bajjah</a> mengamati "dua planet berupa titik hitam di permukaan Matahari", yang kelak diketahui sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transit_Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transit Merkurius (kaca can aya)">transit Merkurius</a> dan Venus oleh astronom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Observatorium_Maragheh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Observatorium Maragheh (kaca can aya)">Maragha</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qotb_al-Din_Shirazi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qotb al-Din Shirazi (kaca can aya)">Qotb al-Din Shirazi</a>, pada abad ke-13.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> Sayangnya, Ibnu Bajjah dianggap mustahil telah mengamati transit Venus, karena fenomena tersebut memang tidak pernah terjadi seumur hidupnya.<a href="#cite_note-transit_catalog-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renaisans_Eropa">Renaisans Eropa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Édit bab: Renaisans Eropa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Renaisans Eropa">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>Plane Renaisans, ca. 1543 sampai 1781 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1 Merkurius <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>2 Venus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>3 Bumi <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Earth_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="🜨"><img alt="🜨" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/16px-Earth_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/24px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/32px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>4 Mars <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>5 Jupiter <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>6 Saturnus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliosentrisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliosentrisme (kaca can aya)">Heliosentrisme</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Dengan dimulainya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolusi_Ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolusi Ilmiah (kaca can aya)">Revolusi Ilmiah</a>, pemahaman terhadap kata "planet" berubah dari sesuatu yang bergerak melintasi langit (relatif terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang_tetap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintang tetap (kaca can aya)">lautan bintang</a>); menjadi benda yang mengelilingi Bumi (atau sesuatu yang dianggap seperti itu pada zaman tersebut); dan menjadi sesuatu yang langsung mengelilingi Matahari setelah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_heliosentris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model heliosentris (kaca can aya)">model heliosentris</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaus_Copernicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaus Copernicus (kaca can aya)">Copernicus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Kepler</a> diakui publik pada abad ke-16. Karena itu, Bumi dimasukkan ke daftar planet,<a href="#cite_note-galileo_project-38">[37]</a> sementara Matahari dan Bulan tidak. Awalnya, ketika satelit-satelit pertama Jupiter dan Saturnus ditemukan pada abad ke-17, kata "planet" dan "satelit" sering dipakai bolak-balik, namun "satelit" semakin sering dipakai pada abad selanjutnya.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> Sampai pertengahan abad ke-19, jumlah "planet" tumbuh pesat karena benda-benda baru yang ditemukan mengelilingi Matahari langsung digolongkan sebagai planet oleh komunitas ilmuwan. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abad_ke-19">Abad ke-19</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Édit bab: Abad ke-19" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Abad ke-19">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>Planet baru, 1807–1845 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1 Merkurius <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>2 Venus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>3 Bumi <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Earth_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="🜨"><img alt="🜨" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/16px-Earth_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/24px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/32px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>4 Mars <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>5 Vesta <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Vesta_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⚶"><img alt="⚶" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Vesta_symbol.svg/16px-Vesta_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Vesta_symbol.svg/24px-Vesta_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Vesta_symbol.svg/32px-Vesta_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>6 Juno <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Juno_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⚵"><img alt="⚵" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Juno_symbol.svg/16px-Juno_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Juno_symbol.svg/24px-Juno_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Juno_symbol.svg/32px-Juno_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>7 Ceres <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Ceres_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⚳"><img alt="⚳" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/16px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/24px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/32px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>8 Pallas <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Pallas_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⚴"><img alt="⚴" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pallas_symbol.svg/16px-Pallas_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pallas_symbol.svg/24px-Pallas_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pallas_symbol.svg/32px-Pallas_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>9 Jupiter <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>10 Saturnus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>11 Uranus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Uranus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♅"><img alt="♅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/16px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/24px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/32px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Pada abad ke-19, para astronom mulai menyadari bahwa benda-benda baru yang sebelumnya dikelompokkan sebagai planet selama nyaris setengah abad (seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a>) justru jauh berbeda daripada planet tradisional. Benda-benda ini berada di kawasan yang sama antara Mars dan Jupiter (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_asteroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk asteroid (kaca can aya)">sabuk asteroid</a>) dan massanya lebih kecil, karena itu mereka digolongkan sebagai "<a href="/wiki/Asteroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroid">asteroid</a>". Karena tidak adanya definisi resmi, kata "planet" akhirnya dipahami sebagai benda "besar" apapun yang mengitari Matahari. Sejak ditemukannya celah raksasa antara asteroid dan planet, dan penemuan-penemuan baru berakhir setelah Neptunus ditemukan tahun 1846, definisi resmi tersebut akhirnya dihapus.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abad_ke-20">Abad ke-20</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Édit bab: Abad ke-20" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Abad ke-20">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:right; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>Planet 1854–1930, 2006–sekarang </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1 Merkurius <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>2 Venus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>3 Bumi <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Earth_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="🜨"><img alt="🜨" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/16px-Earth_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/24px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/32px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>4 Mars <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>5 Jupiter <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>6 Saturnus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>7 Uranus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Uranus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♅"><img alt="♅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/16px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/24px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/32px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>8 Neptunus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Neptune_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♆"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/16px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/24px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/32px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Pada abad ke-20, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> ditemukan. Setelah serangkaian pengamatan awal menyimpulkan benda ini lebih besar daripada Bumi,<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> benda ini langsung diterima sebagai planet kesembilan. Pengamatan selanjutnya justru membuktikan bahwa benda ini berukuran lebih kecil: tahun 1936, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Lyttleton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Lyttleton (kaca can aya)">Raymond Lyttleton</a> berpendapat bahwa Pluto bisa jadi satelit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a> yang keluar jalur,<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> dan pada tahun 1964 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_Lawrence_Whipple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fred Lawrence Whipple (kaca can aya)">Fred Whipple</a> berpendapat bahwa Pluto mungkin saja berupa komet.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> Namun karena ukurannya lebih besar daripada semua asteroid yang diketahui dan tampaknya tidak eksis di dalam populasi yang lebih besar,<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> status Pluto tetap planet sampai tahun 2006. <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:right; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>Planet 1930–2006 </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"> <td>1 Merkurius <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>2 Venus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>3 Bumi <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Earth_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="🜨"><img alt="🜨" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/16px-Earth_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/24px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/32px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>4 Mars <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>5 Jupiter <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>6 Saturnus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>7 Uranus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Uranus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♅"><img alt="♅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/16px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/24px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/32px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>8 Neptunus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Neptune_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♆"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/16px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/24px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/32px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>9 Pluto <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Pluto_symbol_(large_orb).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♇"><img alt="♇" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/16px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/24px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/32px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Pada tahun 1992, astronom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksander_Wolszczan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksander Wolszczan (kaca can aya)">Aleksander Wolszczan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dale_Frail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dale Frail (kaca can aya)">Dale Frail</a> menemukan sejumlah planet yang mengelilingi sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar (kaca can aya)">pulsar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSR_B1257%2B12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSR B1257+12 (kaca can aya)">PSR B1257+12</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Wolszczan-45">[44]</a> Penemuan ini umumnya dianggap sebagai deteksi pasti terhadap sistem planet yang mengitari bintang lain. Kemudian pada 6 Oktober 1995, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Mayor (kaca can aya)">Michel Mayor</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Didier_Queloz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Didier Queloz (kaca can aya)">Didier Queloz</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_Jenewa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas Jenewa (kaca can aya)">Universitas Jenewa</a> melaksankan deteksi pasti pertama terhadap eksoplanet yang mengelilingi sebuah bintang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deret_utama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deret utama (kaca can aya)">deret utama</a> biasa (<a href="/w/index.php?title=51_Pegasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="51 Pegasi (kaca can aya)">51 Pegasi</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Mayor-46">[45]</a> Penemuan planet luar surya berujung pada ambiguitas lain mengenai definisi planet, pada titik ketika planet menjadi bintang. Banyak planet luar surya yang sudah diketahui bermassa lebih besar daripada Jupiter, mendekati benda-benda bintang yang dikenal sebagai "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai coklat (kaca can aya)">katai coklat</a>".<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> Katai cokalt umumnya dianggap bintang karena mampu melakukan fusi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterium (kaca can aya)">deuterium</a>, isotop <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> yang lebih berat. Jika bintang berukuran 75 kali Jupiter mampu memfusikan hidrogen, hanya bintang berukuran 13 kali Jupiter yang bisa memfusikan deuterium. Tetapi, deuterium agak langka dan sebagian besar katai coklat sudah duluan selesai memfusikan deuterium sebelum ditemukan, sehingga sulit dibedakan dari planet-planet supermasif.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abad_ke-21">Abad ke-21</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Édit bab: Abad ke-21" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Abad ke-21">édit sumber</a>]</div> Dengan ditemukannya banyak objek di Tata Surya dan objek yang lebih besar di sistem lain pada paruh akhir abad ke-20, muncul permasalahan tentang hal-hal yang membentuk suatu planet. Ada perdebatan mengenai apakah suatu objek bisa dianggap planet jika berada di dalam populasi jauh seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_asteroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk asteroid (kaca can aya)">sabuk</a> atau cukup besar untuk menciptakan energi sendiri melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fusi_termonuklir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fusi termonuklir (kaca can aya)">fusi termonuklir</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterium (kaca can aya)">deuterium</a>. Banyak astronom yang berpendapat agar Pluto dikeluarkan dari kelompok planet, karena banyak benda sejenis yang ukurannya mirip ditemukan di wilayah Tata Surya yang sama (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_Kuiper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk Kuiper (kaca can aya)">sabuk Kuiper</a>) pada tahun 1990-an dan awal 2000-an. Pluto terbukti hanyalah satu benda kecil di antara ribuan benda serupa lainnya. Sejumlah benda seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=50000_Quaoar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="50000 Quaoar (kaca can aya)">Quaoar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=90377_Sedna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="90377 Sedna (kaca can aya)">Sedna</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a> disebutkan sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kesepuluh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kesepuluh (kaca can aya)">planet kesepuluh</a> oleh pers, tetapi tidak diakui secara luas oleh komunitas ilmuwan. Penemuan Eris tahun 2005, benda yang 27% lebih besar daripada Pluto, menciptakan rasa penasaran publik tentang definisi planet secara resmi. Melihat masalah ini, IAU merancang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet (kaca can aya)">definisi planet</a> dan menetapkannya pada Agustus 2006. Jumlah planet berkurang menjadi delapan benda besar yang telah "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Membersihkan_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membersihkan lingkungan (kaca can aya)">membersihkan</a>" orbitnya (Merkurius, Venus, Bumi, Mars, Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus, dan Neptunus). IAU juga membuat kelompok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a> yang awalnya ditempati tiga benda (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a>).<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definisi_planet_luar_surya">Definisi planet luar surya</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Édit bab: Definisi planet luar surya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Definisi planet luar surya">édit sumber</a>]</div> Pada tahun 2003, <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Astronomical_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Astronomical Union (kaca can aya)">International Astronomical Union</a> (IAU) Working Group on Extrasolar Planets membuat pernyataan tentang definisi planet yang mencakup definisi pembuka berikut, kebanyakan berfokus pada batasan antara planet dan katai coklat:<a href="#cite_note-WSGESP-3">[2]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:TNO_imagemap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:TNO imagemap (kaca can aya)">Citakan:TNO imagemap</a> <ol><li>Objek yang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa_sejati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massa sejati (kaca can aya)">massa sejatinya</a> di bawah batas massa untuk fusi termonuklir deuterium (saat ini terhitung 13 kali massa Jupiter untuk objek dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelimpahan_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kelimpahan alami (kaca can aya)">kelimpahan isotop</a> yang setara dengan Matahari<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a>) yang mengorbit bintang atau sisa bintang adalah "planet" (tidak penting bagaimana terbentuknya). Massa dan ukuran minimal yang disyaratkan untuk objek luar surya agar bisa dianggap planet harus sama seperti syarat planet Tata Surya.</li> <li>Objek subbintang yang massa sejatinya di atas batas massa untuk fusi termonuklir deuterium adalah "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai coklat (kaca can aya)">katai coklat</a>", tidak penting bagaimana terbentuknya atau di mana lokasinya.</li> <li>Objek berkelana bebas di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gugus_bintang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gugus bintang (kaca can aya)">gugus bintang</a> muda yang massanya di bawah batas massa untuk fusi termonuklir deuterium bukanlah "planet", melainkan "katai sub-coklat" (atau nama apapun yang pantas).</li></ol> Definisi ini mulai dipakai secara luas oleh astronom saat menerbitkan penemuan eksoplanet di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jurnal_akademik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jurnal akademik (kaca can aya)">jurnal akademik</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> Meski sementara, definisi ini mulai efektif sampai definisi permanen secara resmi diadopsi. Sayangnya, definisi ini tidak menangani masalah batas rendah massa,<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> sehingga menjauhi kontroversi seputar objek di dalam Tata Surya. Definisi ini juga tidak menangani status planet katai coklat yang punya orbit, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=2M1207b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2M1207b (kaca can aya)">2M1207b</a>. Salah satu definisi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_sub-coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai sub-coklat (kaca can aya)">katai sub-coklat</a> adalah benda bermassa planet yang terbentuk melalui kolaps awan, bukannya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akresi_(astrofisika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akresi (astrofisika) (kaca can aya)">akresi</a>. Perbedaan pembentukan antara katai sub-coklat dan planet ini belum diakui secara universal. Para astronom masih terbagi menjadi dua kubu dalam mempertimbangkan proses pembentukan planet sebagai bagian dari pengelompokannya.<a href="#cite_note-Cha110913-53">[52]</a> Satu alasan kekecewaan ini adalah kadang mustahil menentukan proses pembentukan planet. Misalnya, planet pengorbit bintang yang terbentuk oleh akresi bisa terlempar dari sistem dan menjadi pengelana bebas. Seblaiknya, katai sub-coklat yang terbentuk oleh kolaps awan terbentuk sendiri di sebuah gugus bintang yang bisa terperangkap dalam orbit suatu bintang. <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:16px"> <caption>Planet katai 2007–sekarang </caption> <tbody><tr style="font-size: smaller;" align="center"> <td>Ceres <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Ceres_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⚳"><img alt="⚳" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/16px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/24px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ceres_symbol.svg/32px-Ceres_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Orcus <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Orcus_symbol_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/16px-Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/24px-Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg/32px-Orcus_symbol_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Pluto <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Pluto_symbol_(large_orb).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⯓"><img alt="⯓" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/16px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/24px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg/32px-Pluto_symbol_%28large_orb%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Haumea <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Haumea_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Haumea_symbol.svg/16px-Haumea_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Haumea_symbol.svg/24px-Haumea_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Haumea_symbol.svg/32px-Haumea_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Quaoar <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Quaoar_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Quaoar_symbol.svg/16px-Quaoar_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Quaoar_symbol.svg/24px-Quaoar_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Quaoar_symbol.svg/32px-Quaoar_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Makemake <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Makemake_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Makemake_symbol.svg/16px-Makemake_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Makemake_symbol.svg/24px-Makemake_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Makemake_symbol.svg/32px-Makemake_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Gonggong <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Gonggong_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gonggong_symbol.svg/16px-Gonggong_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gonggong_symbol.svg/24px-Gonggong_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gonggong_symbol.svg/32px-Gonggong_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Eris <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Eris_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⯰"><img alt="⯰" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Eris_symbol.svg/16px-Eris_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Eris_symbol.svg/24px-Eris_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Eris_symbol.svg/32px-Eris_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></td> <td>Sedna <a href="/wiki/Gambar:Sedna_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⯲"><img alt="⯲" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sedna_symbol.svg/16px-Sedna_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sedna_symbol.svg/24px-Sedna_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Sedna_symbol.svg/32px-Sedna_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Syarat 13 kali massa Jupiter adalah perkiraan, bukan sesuatu yang bersifat pasti. Sebuah pertanyaan pun muncul: Apa itu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembakaran_deuterium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembakaran deuterium (kaca can aya)">pembakaran deuterium</a>? Pertanyaan ini muncul karena objek-objek besar akan membakar sebagian besar deuteriumnya dan objek kecil hanya membakar sedikit, dan 13 massa Jupiter berada di antara keduanya. Jumlah deuterium yang dibakar tidak hanya tergantung pada massa, tetapi juga komposisi planetnya, tepatnya pada jumlah <a href="/wiki/Helium" class="mw-redirect" title="Helium">helium</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterium (kaca can aya)">deuterium</a> yang ada.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> Kriteria lain yang memisahkan planet dan katai coklat selain pembakaran deuterium, proses pembentukan, atau lokasi adalah apakah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tekanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tekanan (kaca can aya)">tekanan</a> intinya didominasi oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tekanan_lateral_bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tekanan lateral bumi (kaca can aya)">tekanan coulomb</a> atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tekanan_degenerasi_elektron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tekanan degenerasi elektron (kaca can aya)">tekanan degenerasi elektron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definisi_2006">Definisi 2006</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Édit bab: Definisi 2006" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Definisi 2006">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet_IAU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet IAU (kaca can aya)">Definisi planet IAU</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Masalah batasan rendah disampaikan pada rapat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persatuan_Astronomi_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persatuan Astronomi Internasional (kaca can aya)">Majelis Umum IAU</a> tahun 2006. Setelah debat panjang dan satu proposal gagal, majelis memungut suara untuk mengesahkan resolusi yang mendefinisikan planet di Tata Surya sebagai:<a href="#cite_note-IAU2-57">[56]</a> <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;"> Benda langit yang (a) berada di orbit mengitari Matahari, (b) memiliki massa yang cukup agar gravitasinya melebihi gaya benda tegar sehingga memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesetimbangan_hidrostatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesetimbangan hidrostatik (kaca can aya)">kesetimbangan hidrostatik</a> (nyaris bulat), dan (c) telah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Membersihkan_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membersihkan lingkungan (kaca can aya)">membersihkan lingkungan</a> di sekitar orbitnya. </blockquote> Sesuai definisi tersebut, Tata Surya dianggap memiliki delapan planet. Benda-benda yang memenuhi dua syarat pertama namun tidak yang ketiga (seperti Pluto, Makemake, dan Eris) dikelompokkan sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a> dengan syarat mereka juga bukan merupakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alami (kaca can aya)">satelit alami</a> planet lain. Awalnya komite IAU mengusulkan definisi yang mencakup banyak planet karena poin (c) belum dibuat.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> Setelah diskusi panjang, pemungutan suara selanjutnya memutuskan benda-benda tersebut dikelompokkan sebagai planet katai.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> Definisi ini didasarkan pada teori-teori pembentukan planet, yaitu ketika embrio planet sudah membersihkan orbitnya dari objek-objek kecil. Seperti yang dijelaskan astronom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_Soter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Soter (kaca can aya)">Steven Soter</a>:<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;"> Hasil akhir dari akresi cakram kedua adalah sedikitnya benda yang relatif besar (planet) baik di orbit bebas atau resonan yang mencegah tabrakan antarbenda. Planet dan komet kecil, termasuk KBO [objek sabuk Kuiper] berbeda dari planet karena mereka bisa bertabrakan dengan planet atau satu sama lain. </blockquote> Pasca pemungutan suara IAU tahun 2006, muncul kontroversi dan perdebatan seputar definisi ini.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Banyak astronom yang memutuskan tidak menggunakannya.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> Sebagian perdebatan tersebut terpusat pada keyakinan bahwa poin (c) (membersihkan orbit) seharusnya tidak disertakan dan objek-objek yang sekarang dikategorikan planet katai harusnya menjadi bagian dari definisi planet yang lebih luas. Di luar komunitas ilmuwan, Pluto memiliki dampak budaya yang kuat di masyarakat karena status planetnya sejak ditemukan tahun 1930. Penemuan Eris diberitakan besar-besaran oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_massa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media massa (kaca can aya)">media</a> sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kesepuluh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kesepuluh (kaca can aya)">planet kesepuluh</a>, sehingga klasifikasi ulang ketiga objek tersebut sebagai planet katai banyak menarik perhatian media dan publik.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klasifikasi_sebelumnya">Klasifikasi sebelumnya</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Édit bab: Klasifikasi sebelumnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klasifikasi sebelumnya">édit sumber</a>]</div> Tabel berikut berisi daftar benda-benda <a href="/wiki/Tata_Surya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Surya">Tata Surya</a> yang sebelumnya diklasifikasikan sebagai planet: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Benda </th> <th>Klasifikasi terkini </th> <th>Catatan </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bulan">Bulan</a></td> <td>Satelit </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Dikelompokkan sebagai planet pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah kuno (kaca can aya)">zaman antik</a> sesuai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_geosentris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model geosentris (kaca can aya)">model geosentris</a> yang sekarang usang. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Io_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Io (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Io</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europa (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Europa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ganymede_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ganymede (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Ganymede</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Callisto_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Callisto (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Callisto</a></td> <td>Satelit </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Empat satelit terbesar <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, dikenal dengan nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit-satelit_Galileo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit-satelit Galileo (kaca can aya)">satelit-satelit Galileo</a>. <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> menyebutnya "Planet-Planet Medici" yang diambil dari nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patronase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patronase (kaca can aya)">patronnya</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medici (kaca can aya)">keluarga Medici</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Titan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-footnoteB-65">[lower-alpha 2]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iapetus_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iapetus (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Iapetus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-footnoteC-67">[lower-alpha 3]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhea_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhea (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Rhea</a>,<a href="#cite_note-footnoteC-67">[lower-alpha 3]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tethys_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tethys (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Tethys</a>,<a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-68">[lower-alpha 4]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dione_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dione (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Dione</a><a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-68">[lower-alpha 4]</a></td> <td>Satelit </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Lima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Saturnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Saturnus (kaca can aya)">satelit terbesar Saturnus</a>, ditemukan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christiaan_Huygens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christiaan Huygens (kaca can aya)">Christiaan Huygens</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Domenico_Cassini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Domenico Cassini (kaca can aya)">Giovanni Domenico Cassini</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[lower-alpha 5]</a></td> <td>Planet katai </td> <td rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a> pertama yang diketahui sejak ditemukan antara 1801 dan 1807 sampai dikelompokkan ulang sebagai asteroid pada 1850-an.<a href="#cite_note-70">[65]</a> Ceres sudah dikelompokkan sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a> pada 2006. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=3_Juno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3 Juno (kaca can aya)">Juno</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></td> <td>Asteroid </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=5_Astraea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5 Astraea (kaca can aya)">Astrea</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=6_Hebe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6 Hebe (kaca can aya)">Hebe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=7_Iris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7 Iris (kaca can aya)">Iris</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=8_Flora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8 Flora (kaca can aya)">Flora</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=9_Metis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9 Metis (kaca can aya)">Metis</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygeia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=11_Parthenope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11 Parthenope (kaca can aya)">Parthenope</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=12_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12 Victoria (kaca can aya)">Victoria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=13_Egeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13 Egeria (kaca can aya)">Egeria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=14_Irene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14 Irene (kaca can aya)">Irene</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=15_Eunomia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15 Eunomia (kaca can aya)">Eunomia</a></td> <td>Asteroid </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Banyak asteroid ditemukan antara 1845 dan 1851. Perkembangan daftar planet yang cepat mendorong pengelompokan ulang benda-benda ini sebagai asteroid oleh para astronom. Klaim ini baru diakui pada tahun 1854.<a href="#cite_note-71">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[lower-alpha 6]</a></td> <td>Planet katai </td> <td style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benda_trans-Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benda trans-Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Benda trans-Neptunus</a> pertama yang diketahui (yaitu planet minor dengan <a href="/wiki/Sumbu_semi-mayor" title="Sumbu semi-mayor">sumbu semi-mayor</a> di luar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a>). Pada tahun 2006, Pluto dikelompokkan sebagai planet katai. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a></td> <td>Planet katai </td> <td style="font-size:90%;">Ditemukan tahun 2003, benda trans-Neputunus ini diakui pada tahun 2005 sebelum akhirnya dikelompokkan sebagai planet katai seperti <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> pada tahun 2006. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mitologi_dan_pemberian_nama">Mitologi dan pemberian nama</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Édit bab: Mitologi dan pemberian nama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mitologi dan pemberian nama">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nama_hari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nama hari (kaca can aya)">Nama hari</a> jeung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_mata_telanjang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet mata telanjang (kaca can aya)">Planet mata telanjang</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Olympians.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Olympians.jpg/250px-Olympians.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Olympians.jpg/375px-Olympians.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Olympians.jpg 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption>Dewa-dewa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunung_Olympus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunung Olympus (kaca can aya)">Olympus</a> yang menjadi sumber nama planet di Tata Surya</figcaption></figure> Nama-nama planet di dunia Barat berasal dari praktik pemberian nama Romawi, yang justru berasal dari kebiasaan bangsa Yunani dan Babilonia. Di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunani_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunani kuno (kaca can aya)">Yunani kuno</a>, dua benda bersinar raksasa, Matahari dan Bulan, disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helios&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helios (kaca can aya)">Helios</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selene (kaca can aya)">Selene</a>; planet terjauh (Saturnus) disebut Phainon, sang penerang; diikuti oleh Phaethon (Jupiter), "cerah"; planet merah (Mars) dikenal dengan sebutan Pyroeis, "berapi-api"; planet paling terang (Venus) disebut Phosphoros, pembawa cahaya;dan planet terakhir (Merkurius) disebut Stilbon, berseri-seri. Bangsa Yunani juga membuat setiap planet suci bagi salah satu dewanya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dua_Belas_Dewa_Olimpus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dua Belas Dewa Olimpus (kaca can aya)">Dua Belas Dewa Olimpus</a>: Helios dan Selene adalah nama planet dan dewa; Phainon dipersembahkan untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cronus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cronus (kaca can aya)">Cronus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Titan</a> yang merupakan ayah para dewa Olimpus; Phaethon dipersembahkan untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeus (kaca can aya)">Zeus</a>, putra Cronus yang menggulingkannya dari takhta raja; Pyroeis dipersembahkan untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ares (kaca can aya)">Ares</a>, putra Zeus dan dewa perang; Phosphoros dipimpin oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrodit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afrodit (kaca can aya)">Afrodit</a>, dewi cinta; dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermes (kaca can aya)">Hermes</a>, perantara para dewa dan dewa ilmu dan akal, memimpin Stilbon.<a href="#cite_note-practice-21">[20]</a> Praktik bangsa Yunani yang memberikan nama-nama planet sesuai nama dewanya hampir seutuhnya berasal dari kebiasaan bangsa Babilonia. Bangsa Babilonia mengambil nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hesperus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hesperus (kaca can aya)">Phosphoros</a> dari nama dewi cintanya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishtar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishtar (kaca can aya)">Ishtar</a>; Pyroeis dari dewa perang, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nergal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nergal (kaca can aya)">Nergal</a>, Stilbon dari dewa kebijaksanaan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nabu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nabu (kaca can aya)">Nabu</a>, dan Phaethon dari dewa pemimpin, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marduk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marduk (kaca can aya)">Marduk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nergal-73">[67]</a> Ada banyak kesamaan antara aturan penamaan Yunani dan Babilonia, padahal mereka berbeda zaman.<a href="#cite_note-practice-21">[20]</a> Terjemahannya pun tidak sempurna. Misalnya, Nergal-nya Babilonia adalah dewa perang dan bangsa Yunani menyamakannya dengan Ares. Namun tidak seperti Ares, Nergal adalah dewa penyakit dan akhirat.<a href="#cite_note-74">[68]</a> Saat ini, banyak orang di dunia Barat mengenal planet dengan nama-nama yang diambil dari dewa-dewa Olympus. Jika bangsa Yunani modern masih memakai nama kuno untuk menyebut planet, sejumlah bahasa Eropa justru memakai nama Romawi (Latin) karena pengaruh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekaisaran Romawi (kaca can aya)">Kekaisaran Romawi</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gereja_Katolik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gereja Katolik (kaca can aya)">Gereja Katolik</a>. Bangsa Romawi, seperti Yunani, adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Indo-Eropa (kaca can aya)">orang Indo-Eropa</a> yang saling berbagi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Romawi (kaca can aya)">mitologi</a> dengan nama-nama yang berbeda, namun tidak punya tradisi narasi seperti yang dipersembahkan budaya sastra Yunani untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Yunani (kaca can aya)">dewa-dewanya</a>. Pada periode akhir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republik_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republik Romawi (kaca can aya)">Republik Romawi</a>, para penulis meminjam banyak sekali narasi Yunani dan menerapkannya ke mitologi mereka sampai keduanya tidak bisa dibedakan.<a href="#cite_note-75">[69]</a> Saat bangsa Romawi mempelajari astronomi Yunani, mereka memberi nama planet sesuai nama dewa-dewanya sendiri: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Mercurius</a> (untuk Hermes), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Venus</a> (Afrodit), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mars_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mars (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Mars</a> (Ares), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jupiter_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jupiter (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Iuppiter</a> (Zeus), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saturnus_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saturnus (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Saturnus</a> (Cronus). Ketika planet-planet selanjutnya ditemukan pada abad ke-18 dan 19, praktik pemberian namanya berlanjut untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Neptūnus</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Poseidon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poseidon (kaca can aya)">Poseidon</a>). Uranus unik karena diambil dari nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranus_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranus (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">dewa Yunani</a> alih-alih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caelus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caelus (kaca can aya)">versi Romawinya</a>. Sejumlah orang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romawi_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romawi Kuno (kaca can aya)">Romawi</a>, sesuai kepercayaan yang mungkin berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> tetapi berkembang di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesir Yunani (kaca can aya)">Mesir Yunani</a>, percaya bahwa tujuh dewa yang menjadi sumber nama planet tersebut menjaga Bumi secara bergilir. Urutan giliran tersebut dari jauh ke dekat adalah Saturnus, Jupiter, Mars, Matahari, Venus, Merkurius, Bulan.<a href="#cite_note-zerubavel-76">[70]</a> Hasilnya, hari pertama dimulai oleh Saturnus (jam ke-1), hari kedua oleh Matahari (jam ke-25), diikuti Bulan (jam ke-49), Mars, Merkurius, Jupiter, dan Venus. Karena setiap hari diberi nama sesuai dewa yang mengawalinya, begitu pula dengan urutan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nama_hari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nama hari (kaca can aya)">nama hari</a> dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalender_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalender Romawi (kaca can aya)">kalender Romawi</a> yang masih dipakai di sejumlah bahasa modern setelah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalender_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalender Romawi (kaca can aya)">siklus Nundinal</a> ditolak.<a href="#cite_note-weekdays-77">[71]</a> Dalam bahasa Inggris, Saturday, Sunday, dan Monday adalah terjemahan langsung dari nama-nama Romawi ini. Nama hari yang lain berasal dari dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BDr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Týr (kaca can aya)">Tiw</a>, (Tuesday) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woden (kaca can aya)">Wóden</a> (Wednesday), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thor (kaca can aya)">Thunor</a> (Thursday), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frige (kaca can aya)">Fríge</a> (Friday), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dewa_Anglo-Saxon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dewa Anglo-Saxon (kaca can aya)">dewa Anglo-Saxon</a> yang sama seperti Mars, Merkurius, Jupiter, dan Venus. Bumi (Earth) adalah satu-satunya planet yang namanya dalam bahasa Inggris tidak diambil dari mitologi Yunani-Romawi. Karena Bumi sendiri baru diakui sebagai planet pada abad ke-17,<a href="#cite_note-galileo_project-38">[37]</a> tidak ada tradisi memberinya nama sesuai nama dewa. Kata Earth berasal dari bahasa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Inggris_Lama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Inggris Lama (kaca can aya)">Anglo-Saxon</a> erda yang berarti daratan atau tanah dan pertama dipakai untuk menyebut Bumi sekitar tahun 1300.<a href="#cite_note-78">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-etymearth-79">[73]</a> Sebagaimana <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun bahasa Jermanik (kaca can aya)">bahasa Jermanik</a> lainnya, kata ini berasal dari bahasa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Jerman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Jerman (kaca can aya)">Proto-Jerman</a> ertho, "daratan",<a href="#cite_note-etymearth-79">[73]</a> dan terlihat kesamaannya pada kata earth dalam bahasa Inggris, Erde dalam bahasa Jerman, aarde dalam bahasa Belanda, dan jord dalam bahasa Skandinavia. Banyak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Roman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun bahasa Roman (kaca can aya)">bahasa Roman</a> yang memakai kata Roman lama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terra_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terra (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">terra</a> (atau variasinya). Kata tersebut dipakai dengan makna "daratan kering", bukannya "laut".<a href="#cite_note-80">[74]</a> Bahasa-bahasa non-Roman memakai katanya sendiri. Bangsa Yunani tetap memakai nama asli mereka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaia_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaia (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Γή</a> (Ge). Budaya non-Eropa memakai sistem penamaan planet yang berbeda. <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> memakai sistem berdasarkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Navagraha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navagraha (kaca can aya)">Navagraha</a>, yang mencakup tujuh planet tradisional (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surya (kaca can aya)">Surya</a> untuk Matahari, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chandra (kaca can aya)">Chandra</a> untuk Bulan, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Budha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budha (kaca can aya)">Budha</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukra (kaca can aya)">Shukra</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangala (kaca can aya)">Mangala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%E1%B9%9Bhaspati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bṛhaspati (kaca can aya)">Bṛhaspati</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shani (kaca can aya)">Shani</a> untuk Merkurius, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, dan Saturnus) dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodus_bulan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodus bulan (kaca can aya)">nodus bulan</a> naik dan turun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rahu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rahu (kaca can aya)">Rahu</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketu_(mitologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketu (mitologi) (kaca can aya)">Ketu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cina">Cina</a> dan negara-negara Asia Timur sudah lama terkena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinosfer (kaca can aya)">pengaruh budaya Cina</a> (seperti <a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korea (kaca can aya)">Korea</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>) dengan sistem penamaan yang didasarkan pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Xing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Xing (kaca can aya)">lima elemen Cina</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_(elemen_klasik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air (elemen klasik) (kaca can aya)">air</a> (Merkurius), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logam_(elemen_klasik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logam (elemen klasik) (kaca can aya)">logam</a> (Venus), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Api_(elemen_klasik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Api (elemen klasik) (kaca can aya)">api</a> (Mars), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kayu_(elemen_klasik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kayu (elemen klasik) (kaca can aya)">kayu</a> (Jupiter), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanah_(elemen_klasik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanah (elemen klasik) (kaca can aya)">tanah</a> (Saturnus).<a href="#cite_note-weekdays-77">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pembentukan">Pembentukan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Édit bab: Pembentukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembentukan">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotesis_nebula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotesis nebula (kaca can aya)">Hipotesis nebula</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/250px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/375px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Protoplanetary-disk.jpg/500px-Protoplanetary-disk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>Ilustrasi cakram protoplanet</figcaption></figure> Belum diketahui secara pasti bagaimana planet terbentuk. Teori yang saat ini mendominasi adalah planet terbentuk saat sebuah <a href="/wiki/Nebula" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebula">nebula</a> berubah menjadi cakram gas dan debu tipis. Sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protobintang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protobintang (kaca can aya)">protobintang</a> terbentuk di intinya dan dikelilingi oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cakram_protoplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cakram protoplanet (kaca can aya)">cakram protoplanet</a> yang berputar. Melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akresi_(astrofisika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akresi (astrofisika) (kaca can aya)">akresi</a> (proses tabrakan tempel), partikel-partikel debu di cakram perlahan mengumpulkan massa untuk membentuk benda yang jauh lebih besar. Konsentrasi massa di satu tempat disebut sebagai bentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetesimal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetesimal (kaca can aya)">planetesimal</a> dan konsentrasi tersebut mempercepat proses akresi dengan menarik material tambahan menggunakan daya tarik gravitasinya. Konsentrasi tersebut semakin padat sampai akhirnya kolaps ke dalam dan membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protoplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protoplanet (kaca can aya)">protoplanet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[75]</a> Setelah memiliki diameter lebih besar daripada Bulan Bumi, planet tersebut membentuk atmosfer tambahan, sehingga meningkatkan daya tarik planetesimal dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaya_hambat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaya hambat (kaca can aya)">gaya hambat atmosfer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[76]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg/300px-PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg/450px-PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg/600px-PIA18469-AsteroidCollision-NearStarNGC2547-ID8-2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4005" data-file-height="2253" /></a><figcaption>Tabrakan asteroid - membentuk planet (konsep artis).</figcaption></figure> Ketika protobintang tumbuh begitu besar sampai bisa "menyalakan diri" menjadi <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bintang</a>, cakram yang tersisa dilenyapkan dari dalam ke luar dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fotoevaporasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fotoevaporasi (kaca can aya)">fotoevaporasi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angin_matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angin matahari (kaca can aya)">angin matahari</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Efek_Poynting%E2%80%93Robertson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efek Poynting–Robertson (kaca can aya)">gaya hambat Poynting–Robertson</a>, dan pengaruh lain.<a href="#cite_note-83">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[78]</a> Masih banyak protoplanet yang mengelilingi bintang atau satu sama lain, namun seiring waktu sebagian besar di antaranya akan bertabrakan membentuk satu planet yang lebih besar atau melepaskan material untuk diserap protoplanet atau planet yang lebih besar.<a href="#cite_note-85">[79]</a> Objek-objek yang cukup besar tersebut akan menangkap sebagian materi di lingkungan orbitnya dan menjadi planet. Sementara itu, protoplanet yang berhasil menghindari tabrakan akan menjadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alami (kaca can aya)">satelit alami</a> planet melalui proses tangkapan gravitasi atau tetap berada di sabuk objek lain dan menjadi planet katai atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benda_kecil_Tata_Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benda kecil Tata Surya (kaca can aya)">benda kecil</a>. Dampak energi planetesimal kecil (serta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peluruhan_radioaktif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peluruhan radioaktif (kaca can aya)">peluruhan radioaktif</a>) akan menghangatkan planet yang sedang tumbuh, sehingga planet tersebut setidaknya setengah meleleh. Interior planet mulai berbeda-beda massanya dan menciptakan inti yang lebih padat.<a href="#cite_note-86">[80]</a> Planet-planet kebumian yang lebih kecil kehilangan sebagian besar atmosfernya karena akresi ini, tetapi gas yang hilang bisa tergantikan oleh gas yang keluar dari mantel dan tubrukan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komet (kaca can aya)">komet</a> (planet kecil akan kehilangan atmosfer yang diperoleh melalui berbagai jenis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelepasan_atmosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelepasan atmosfer (kaca can aya)">mekanisme pelepasan</a>).<a href="#cite_note-87">[81]</a> Melalui penemuan dan pengamatan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_keplanetan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem keplanetan (kaca can aya)">sistem keplanetan</a> di sekitar bintang selain Tata Surya, para ilmuwan sudah mampu menguraikan, merevisi, atau bahkan mengganti teori ini. Tingkat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metalisitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metalisitas (kaca can aya)">metalisitas</a>, istilah astronomi yang menjelaskan kelimpahan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elemen_kimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elemen kimia (kaca can aya)">elemen kimia</a> dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomor_atom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nomor atom (kaca can aya)">nomor atom</a> lebih besar dari 2 (<a href="/wiki/Helium" class="mw-redirect" title="Helium">helium</a>), saat ini diyakini menjadi penentu kemungkinan suatu bintang dikelilingi planet.<a href="#cite_note-88">[82]</a> Oleh sebab itu, sejumlah peneliti menduga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang_populasi_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintang populasi I (kaca can aya)">bintang populasi I</a> yang kaya logam lebih mungkin memiliki sistem planet yang lebih jelas daripada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang_populasi_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintang populasi II (kaca can aya)">bintang populasi II</a> yang kandungan logamnya kurang. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tata_Surya">Tata Surya</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Édit bab: Tata Surya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tata Surya">édit sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg/400px-Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg/600px-Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg/800px-Solar_System_size_to_scale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>Planet dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a> di Tata Surya (ukuran bisa dibandingkan, jaraknya tidak)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png/400px-4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png/600px-4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png/800px-4_Terrestrial_Planets_Size_Comp_True_Color.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="653" /></a><figcaption>Planet terdalam. Kiri ke kanan: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> dengan warna asli. (ukuran bisa dibandingkan, jaraknya tidak)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_(1_px_%3D_1000_km).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/400px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/600px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg/800px-Gas_giants_and_the_Sun_%281_px_%3D_1000_km%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="561" /></a><figcaption>Empat raksasa gas; Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus, Neptunus (ukuran bisa dibandingkan, jaraknya tidak)</figcaption></figure> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Tata_Surya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Surya">Tata Surya</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_benda_bulat_bergravitasi_di_Tata_Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar benda bulat bergravitasi di Tata Surya (kaca can aya)">Daftar benda bulat bergravitasi di Tata Surya</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Menurut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persatuan_Astronomi_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persatuan Astronomi Internasional (kaca can aya)">IAU</a>, terdapat delapan planet dan lima planet katai yang diakui di <a href="/wiki/Tata_Surya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata Surya">Tata Surya</a>. Menurut jaraknya dari <a href="/wiki/Matahari" class="mw-redirect" title="Matahari">Matahari</a> (dekat ke jauh), planet-planet tersebut adalah: <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mercury_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/16px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Mercury_symbol.svg/32px-Mercury_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Venus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♀"><img alt="♀" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/16px-Venus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/24px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Venus_symbol.svg/32px-Venus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Earth_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="🜨"><img alt="🜨" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/16px-Earth_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/24px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Earth_symbol.svg/32px-Earth_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Mars_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♂"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/16px-Mars_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/24px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Mars_symbol.svg/32px-Mars_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♃"><img alt="♃" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/16px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/24px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Jupiter_symbol.svg/32px-Jupiter_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♄"><img alt="♄" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/16px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/24px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Saturn_symbol.svg/32px-Saturn_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Uranus_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♅"><img alt="♅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/16px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/24px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Uranus_symbol.svg/32px-Uranus_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Neptune_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="♆"><img alt="♆" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/16px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/24px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Neptune_symbol.svg/32px-Neptune_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a></li></ol> Jupiter adalah planet terbesar dengan massa 318 kali Bumi, sementara Merkurius adalah planet terkecil dengan massa 0,055 kali Bumi. Planet di Tata Surya dapat dibagi menjadi beberapa kategori berdasarkan komposisinya: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kebumian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kebumian (kaca can aya)">Daratan</a>: Planet-planet mirip Bumi yang permukaannya tertutup <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batuan (kaca can aya)">batuan</a>: Merkurius, Venus, Bumi, dan Mars. Dengan massa 0,055 kali Bumi, Merkurius adalah planet daratan terkecil (sekaligus planet terkecil) di Tata Surya, sementara Bumi adalah planet daratan terbesar.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa gas (kaca can aya)">Raksasa gas</a> (Jovian): Planet-planet yang terbentuk dari material <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> dan lebih besar daripada planet kebumian: Jupiter, Saturnus, Uranus, Neputunus. Jupiter, dengan massa 318 kali Bumi, adalah planet terbesar di Tata Surya, sementara Saturnus hanya sepertiganya dengan ukuran 95 kali massa Bumi. <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_es&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa es (kaca can aya)">Raksasa es</a>, terdiri dari Uranus dan Neptunus, adalah subkelas raksasa es yang berbeda dari raksasa gas karena massanya jauh lebih kecil (hanya 14 dan 17 kali massa Bumi) dan sedikitnya hidrogen dan helium di atmosfer sekaligus proporsi batu dan es yang justru lebih tinggi.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">Planet katai</a>: Sebelum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet_IAU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet IAU (kaca can aya)">keputusan Agustus 2006</a>, sejumlah objek diusulkan sebagai planet oleh para astronom. Tetapi pada tahun 2006, beberapa objek dikelompokkan ulang menjadi planet katai, berbeda dengan planet. Saat ini ada lima planet katai di Tata Surya yang diakui keberadaannya oleh IAU: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, dan Eris. Beberapa objek lain di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_asteroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk asteroid (kaca can aya)">sabuk asteroid</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_Kuiper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk Kuiper (kaca can aya)">sabuk Kuiper</a> sedang dipertimbangkan; 50 di antaranya berkemungkinan besar diakui. Ada 200 objek yang dapat ditemukan setelah seluruh sabuk Kuiper selesai dijelajahi. Planet katai memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama dengan planet, namun juga terdapat beberapa perbedaan, salah satunya adalah planet katai tidak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Membersihkan_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membersihkan lingkungan (kaca can aya)">dominan di orbitnya</a>. Sesuai definisinya, semua planet katai adalah anggota dari <a href="/wiki/Populasi" title="Populasi">populasi</a> yang lebih besar. Ceres adalah benda terbesar di sabuk asteroid, sementara Pluto, Haumea, dan makemake adalah anggota sbauk Kuiper dan Eris adalah anggota <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cakram_tersebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cakram tersebar (kaca can aya)">cakram tersebar</a>. Beberapa peneliti seperti <a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Brown" title="Michael E. Brown">Mike Brown</a> percaya bahwa mungkin ada lebih dari seratus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Objek_trans-Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Objek trans-Neptunus (kaca can aya)">objek trans-Neptunus</a> yang dapat digolongkan sebagai planet katai per definisi IAU.<a href="#cite_note-89">[83]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ciri-ciri_planet">Ciri-ciri planet</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Édit bab: Ciri-ciri planet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ciri-ciri planet">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Jenis </th> <th>Nama </th> <th>Diameter khatulistiwa<a href="#cite_note-footnoteA-1">[lower-alpha 1]</a> </th> <th>Massa<a href="#cite_note-footnoteA-1">[lower-alpha 1]</a> </th> <th>Radius orbit (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Satuan_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satuan astronomi (kaca can aya)">AU</a>) </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode orbit (kaca can aya)">Periode orbit</a> (tahun)<a href="#cite_note-footnoteA-1">[lower-alpha 1]</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Inklinasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Inklinasi">Inklinasi terhadap khatulistiwa Matahari</a> (°) </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksentrisitas_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksentrisitas orbit (kaca can aya)">Eksentrisitas orbit</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_rotasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode rotasi (kaca can aya)">Periode rotasi</a> (hari) </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alami (kaca can aya)">Bulan</a> yang diakui<a href="#cite_note-footnoteC-67">[lower-alpha 3]</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemiringan_sumbu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kemiringan sumbu (kaca can aya)">Kemiringan sumbu</a> (°) </th> <th>Cincin </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfer (kaca can aya)">Atmosfer</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kebumian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kebumian (kaca can aya)">Planet daratan</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a> </td> <td>0,382 </td> <td>0,06 </td> <td>0,31–0,47 </td> <td>0,24 </td> <td>3,38 </td> <td>0,206 </td> <td>58,64 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0,04 </td> <td>tidak </td> <td>minimal </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a> </td> <td>0,949 </td> <td>0,82 </td> <td>0,72 </td> <td>0,62 </td> <td>3,86 </td> <td>0,007 </td> <td>−243,02 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>177,36 </td> <td>tidak </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karbon_dioksida" title="Karbon dioksida">CO2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrogen">N2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a><a href="#cite_note-footnoteB-65">[lower-alpha 2]</a> </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td>7,25 </td> <td>0,017 </td> <td>1,00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bulan">1</a> </td> <td>23,44 </td> <td>tidak </td> <td>N2, <a href="/wiki/Oksigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksigen">O2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> </td> <td>0,532 </td> <td>0,11 </td> <td>1,52 </td> <td>1,88 </td> <td>5,65 </td> <td>0,093 </td> <td>1,03 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Mars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Mars (kaca can aya)">2</a> </td> <td>25,19 </td> <td>tidak </td> <td>CO2, N2, Ar </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa gas (kaca can aya)">Raksasa gas</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> </td> <td>11,209 </td> <td>317,8 </td> <td>5,20 </td> <td>11,86 </td> <td>6,09 </td> <td>0,048 </td> <td>0,41 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Jupiter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Jupiter (kaca can aya)">67</a> </td> <td>3,13 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Jupiter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Jupiter (kaca can aya)">ya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrogen">H2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helium" class="mw-redirect" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a> </td> <td>9,449 </td> <td>95,2 </td> <td>9,54 </td> <td>29,46 </td> <td>5,51 </td> <td>0,054 </td> <td>0,43 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Saturnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Saturnus (kaca can aya)">62</a> </td> <td>26,73 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Saturnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Saturnus (kaca can aya)">ya</a> </td> <td>H2, He </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> </td> <td>4,007 </td> <td>14,6 </td> <td>19,22 </td> <td>84,01 </td> <td>6,48 </td> <td>0,047 </td> <td>−0,72 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Uranus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Uranus (kaca can aya)">27</a> </td> <td>97,77 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Uranus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Uranus (kaca can aya)">ya</a> </td> <td>H2, He, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metana (kaca can aya)">CH4</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a> </td> <td>3,883 </td> <td>17,2 </td> <td>30,06 </td> <td>164,8 </td> <td>6,43 </td> <td>0,009 </td> <td>0,67 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Neptunus (kaca can aya)">13</a> </td> <td>28,32 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Neptunus (kaca can aya)">ya</a> </td> <td>H2, He, CH4 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#def;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">Planet katai</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a> </td> <td>0,08 </td> <td>0,000 2 </td> <td>2,5–3,0 </td> <td>4,60 </td> <td>10,59 </td> <td>0,080 </td> <td>0,38 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>? </td> <td>tidak </td> <td>tidak ada </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> </td> <td>0,18 </td> <td>0,002 2 </td> <td>29,7–49,3 </td> <td>248,09 </td> <td>17,14 </td> <td>0,249 </td> <td>−6,39 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Pluto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Pluto (kaca can aya)">5</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td> <td>sementara </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haumea_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haumea (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Haumea</a> </td> <td>0,15×0,12×0,08 </td> <td>0,000 7 </td> <td>35,2–51,5 </td> <td>282,76 </td> <td>28,19 </td> <td>0,189 </td> <td>0,16 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Haumea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Haumea (kaca can aya)">2</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>ya </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makemake_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makemake (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Makemake</a> </td> <td>~0,12 </td> <td>0,000 7 </td> <td>38,5–53,1 </td> <td>309,88 </td> <td>28,96 </td> <td>0,159 </td> <td>? </td> <td>0 </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td> <td>? <a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-68">[lower-alpha 4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a> </td> <td>0,19 </td> <td>0,002 5 </td> <td>37,8–97,6 </td> <td>~557 </td> <td>44,19 </td> <td>0,442 </td> <td>~0,3 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dysnomia_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dysnomia (satelit) (kaca can aya)">1</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td> <td>? <a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-68">[lower-alpha 4]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="references-small" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <dl><dd><cite id="endnote_aa"><a href="#ref_aa">a</a></cite>  Diukur relatif terhadap Bumi.</dd> <dd><cite id="endnote_bb"><a href="#ref_bb">b</a></cite>  Lihat artikel <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a> untuk angka yang lebih absolut.</dd> <dd><cite id="endnote_cc"><a href="#ref_cc">c</a></cite>  Jupiter memiliki satelit terbanyak (67) di Tata Surya.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard-90">[84]</a></dd> <dd><cite id="endnote_dd"><a href="#ref_dd">d</a></cite>  Seperti Pluto, saat berada di <a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">perihelion</a>, atmosfer sementara terbentuk.</dd></dl> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Periode_rotasi">Periode rotasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Édit bab: Periode rotasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Periode rotasi">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_rotasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode rotasi (kaca can aya)">Periode rotasi</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Periode rotasi suatu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benda_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benda astronomi (kaca can aya)">benda</a> <a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">astronomis</a> adalah waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan satu revolusi mengitari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumbu_rotasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumbu rotasi (kaca can aya)">sumbu rotasinya</a> relatif terhadap bintang di belakangnya. Periode ini berbeda dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hari_sinodis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hari sinodis (kaca can aya)">hari matahari</a> planet, yang mencakup rotasi tambahan untuk memenuhi bagian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode orbit (kaca can aya)">periode orbit</a> planet selama satu hari. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Periode_rotasi_beberapa_benda_angkasa">Periode rotasi beberapa benda angkasa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Édit bab: Periode rotasi beberapa benda angkasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Periode rotasi beberapa benda angkasa">édit sumber</a>]</div> <center> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Planet</th> <th colspan="2">Periode rotasi </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matahari" class="mw-redirect" title="Matahari">Matahari</a></td> <td>25,379995 hari (khatulistiwa)<a href="#cite_note-91">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[86]</a> 35 hari (lintang tinggi)</td> <td>25d 9h 7m 11.6s 35d </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a></td> <td>58,6462 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a></td> <td>58d 15h 30m 30s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a></td> <td>–243,0187 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-negative-94">[88]</a></td> <td>–243d 0h 26m </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a></td> <td>0,99726968 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[89]</a></td> <td>0d 23h 56m 4.100s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bulan">Bulan</a></td> <td>27,321661 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen-96">[90]</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotasi_sinkronis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotasi sinkronis (kaca can aya)">sinkronis</a> terhadap Bumi)</td> <td>27d 7h 43m 11.5s   </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></td> <td>1,02595675 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a></td> <td>1d 0h 37m 22.663s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1_Ceres" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Ceres">Ceres</a></td> <td>0,37809 hari<a href="#cite_note-Chamberlain2007-97">[91]</a></td> <td>0d 9h 4m 27.0s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></td> <td>0,4135344 hari (interior dalam)<a href="#cite_note-mag-98">[92]</a> 0,41007 hari (khatulistiwa) 0,41369942 hari (lintang tinggi)</td> <td>0d 9h 55m 29.37s<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> 0d 9h 50m 30s<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> 0d 9h 55m 43.63s<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a></td> <td>0,44403 hari (interior dalam)<a href="#cite_note-mag-98">[92]</a> 0,426 hari (khatulistiwa) 0,443 hari (lintang tinggi)</td> <td>0d 10h 39m 24s<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> 0d 10h 14m<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> 0d 10h 38m<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></td> <td>–0,71833 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-negative-94">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-mag-98">[92]</a></td> <td>–0d 17h 14m 24s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a></td> <td>0,67125 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-mag-98">[92]</a></td> <td>0d 16h 6m 36s </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></td> <td>–6,38718 hari<a href="#cite_note-Allen296-93">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-negative-94">[88]</a> (sinkronis dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charon_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charon (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Charon</a>)</td> <td>–6d 9h 17m 32s   </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haumea_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haumea (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Haumea</a></td> <td>0,163145 hari<a href="#cite_note-hour-99">[93]</a></td> <td>0d 3h 54m 56s </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planet_luar_surya">Planet luar surya</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Édit bab: Planet luar surya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Planet luar surya">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_luar_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet luar surya (kaca can aya)">Planet luar surya</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/320px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/480px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png/640px-Exoplanet_Discovery_Methods_Bar.png 2x" data-file-width="8040" data-file-height="4800" /></a><figcaption>Eksoplanet menurut tahun penemuannya (data per 1 Januari 2013)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/300px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/450px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg/600px-Kepler_20_-_planet_lineup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>Perbandingan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20e (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20e</a><a href="#cite_note-Kepler20e-20111220-8">[7]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20f (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20f</a><a href="#cite_note-Kepler20f-20111220-9">[8]</a> dibandingkan dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venus (kaca can aya)">Venus</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bumi" class="mw-disambig" title="Bumi">Bumi</a>.</figcaption></figure> Planet luar surya (extrasolar planet atau exoplanet) adalah planet yang berada di luar Tata Surya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-kepler1700-101">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[96]</a> Pada awal 1992, astronom radio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksander_Wolszczan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksander Wolszczan (kaca can aya)">Aleksander Wolszczan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dale_Frail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dale Frail (kaca can aya)">Dale Frail</a> menemukan dua planet yang mengelilingi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar (kaca can aya)">pulsar</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSR_1257%2B12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSR 1257+12 (kaca can aya)">PSR 1257+12</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Wolszczan-45">[44]</a> Penemuan ini dibenarkan dan diakui sebagai deteksi pasti eksoplanet pertama di dunia. Planet-planet pulsar tersebut diyakini terbentuk dari sisa-sisa <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> yang menghasilkan pulsar pada tahap kedua pembentukan planet atau hanyalah sisa inti berbatu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa gas (kaca can aya)">raksasa gas</a> yang selamat dari supernova dan pindah ke orbitnya sekarang. Penemuan planet luar surya pertama yang mengorbit bintang deret utama biasa terjadi pada tanggal 6 Oktober 1955, ketika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Mayor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Mayor (kaca can aya)">Michel Mayor</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Didier_Queloz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Didier Queloz (kaca can aya)">Didier Queloz</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_Jenewa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas Jenewa (kaca can aya)">Universitas Jenewa</a> menemukan sebuah eksoplanet di sekitar <a href="/w/index.php?title=51_Pegasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="51 Pegasi (kaca can aya)">51 Pegasi</a>. Dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a> planet luar surya yang ditemukan pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Extrasolar_planet_counts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Extrasolar planet counts</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">[6]</a> sebagian besar di antaranya memiliki massa yang bisa disamakan dengan Jupiter atau bahkan lebih besar lagi. Ada pula planet yang bermassa lebih kecil daripada Merkurius dan lebih besar daripada Jupiter.<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">[6]</a> Planet luar surya terkecil yang pernah ditemukan horeng mengorbit sisa-sisa bintang yang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar (kaca can aya)">pulsar</a>, contohnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSR_B1257%2B12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSR B1257+12 (kaca can aya)">PSR B1257+12</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[97]</a> Sudah ada sekitar selusin planet luar surya yang ditemukan dengan 10 sampai 20 kali massa Bumi,<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">[6]</a> seperti planet-planet yang mengorbit bintang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu_Arae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu Arae (kaca can aya)">Mu Arae</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=55_Cancri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="55 Cancri (kaca can aya)">55 Cancri</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gliese_436&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliese 436 (kaca can aya)">GJ 436</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[98]</a> Kategori yang baru muncul adalah "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Super-Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Super-Bumi (kaca can aya)">super-Bumi</a>" yang diduga diisi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kebumian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kebumian (kaca can aya)">planet kebumian</a> lebih besar daripada Bumi namun lebih kecil daripada Neptunus atau Uranus. Sampai sekarang, sekitar 20 super-Bumi (tergantung batas massanya) telah ditemukan, termasuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb (kaca can aya)">OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb (kaca can aya)">MOA-2007-BLG-192Lb</a>, dua planet es yang ditemukan dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrolensa_gravitasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrolensa gravitasi (kaca can aya)">mikrolensa gravitasi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-105">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[100]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler_10b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler 10b (kaca can aya)">Kepler 10b</a>, planet berdiameter 1,4 kali lipat Bumi (menjadikannya super-Bumi terkecil yang pernah diukur),<a href="#cite_note-107">[101]</a> dan lima dari enam planet yang mengorbit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_merah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai merah (kaca can aya)">katai merah</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gliese_581&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliese 581 (kaca can aya)">Gliese 581</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gliese_581_d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliese 581 d (kaca can aya)">Gliese 581 d</a> secara kasar memiliki massa 7,7 kali lipat Bumi,<a href="#cite_note-108">[102]</a> sementara massa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gliese_581_c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliese 581 c (kaca can aya)">Gliese 581 c</a> lima kali lipat Bumi dan awalnya dianggap sebagai planet kebumian pertama yang ditemukan di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zona_terhunikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zona terhunikan (kaca can aya)">zona terhunikan</a> suatu bintang.<a href="#cite_note-109">[103]</a> Studi yang lebih dalam menemukan bahwa planet ini terlalu mendekati kategori bintang dan planet terjauh di sistem ini, Gliese 581 d, meskipun lebih dingin daripada Bumi, tetap bisa dihuni juka atmosfernya memiliki gas rumah kaca dalam jumlah yang memadai.<a href="#cite_note-blo07-110">[104]</a> Super-Bumi lain, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-22b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-22b (kaca can aya)">Kepler-22b</a>, ditemukan mengorbit di zona terhunikan bintangnya.<a href="#cite_note-111">[105]</a> Pada tanggal 20 Desember 2011, tim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler_(wahana_antariksa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler (wahana antariksa) (kaca can aya)">Teleskop Antariksa Kepler</a> menemukan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_luar_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet luar surya (kaca can aya)">planet luar surya</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_kebumian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet kebumian (kaca can aya)">seukuran Bumi</a> pertama, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20e (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20e</a><a href="#cite_note-Kepler20e-20111220-8">[7]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20f (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20f</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kepler20f-20111220-9">[8]</a> yang ditemukan sedang mengorbit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analog_Matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analog Matahari (kaca can aya)">bintang mirip Matahari</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-20 (kaca can aya)">Kepler-20</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NASA-20111220-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nature-20111220-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20111220-12">[11]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/250px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/375px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png/500px-Exoplanet_Comparison_HR_8799_c.png 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Perbandingan ukuran <a href="/w/index.php?title=HR_8799_c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HR 8799 c (kaca can aya)">HR 8799 c</a> (abu-abu) dengan <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>. Kebanyakan eksoplanet yang ditemukan berukuran lebih besar daripada Jupiter.</figcaption></figure> Belum jelas apakah planet-planet besar yang baru ditemukan menyerupai raksasa gas di Tata Surya atau memang jenisnya berbeda, contohnya raksasa amonia atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_karbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet karbon (kaca can aya)">planet karbon</a>. Beberapa planet yang baru ditemukan yang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jupiter_panas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jupiter panas (kaca can aya)">Jupiter panas</a> memiliki orbit yang sangat dekat dengan bintang induknya dan orbitnya hampir berbentuk lingkaran. Planet-planet tersebut menerima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiasi_matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radiasi matahari (kaca can aya)">radiasi bintang</a> yang lebih banyak ketimbang raksasa gas di Tata Surya, sehingga bisa dipertanyakan apakah mereka tergolong jenis planet yang sama atau tidak. Selain itu, kelompok benda Jupiter panas bernama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_Chthonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet Chthonia (kaca can aya)">planet Chthonia</a> diduga eksis di suatu tempat. Planet Chthonia ini orbitnya begitu dekat dengan bintangnya sampai-sampai atmosfernya tersapu habis oleh radiasi bntang. Banyak benda Jupiter panas ditemukan sedang mengalami proses penyapuan atmosfer, namun sampai tahun 2008 tidak satupun planet Chthonia yang ditemukan.<a href="#cite_note-112">[106]</a> Pengamatan planet luar surya yang lebih teliti akan membutuhkan generasi peralatan yang baru, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleskop_luar_angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teleskop luar angkasa (kaca can aya)">teleskop luar angkasa</a>. Saat ini, wahana antariksa <a href="/w/index.php?title=COROT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="COROT (kaca can aya)">COROT</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Misi_Kepler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misi Kepler (kaca can aya)">Kepler</a> seadng mencari variasi luminositas bintang karena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transit_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transit astronomi (kaca can aya)">transit planet</a>. Sejumlah proyek pembuatan jaringan teleskop luar angkasa juga telah diajukan. Proyek-proyek tersebut bertujuan mencari planet luar surya yang massanya setara dengan Bumi. Beberapa di antaranya adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terrestrial_Planet_Finder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terrestrial Planet Finder (kaca can aya)">Terrestrial Planet Finder</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Space_Interferometry_Mission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space Interferometry Mission (kaca can aya)">Space Interferometry Mission</a> dari NASA dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=PEGASE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PEGASE (kaca can aya)">PEGASE</a> dari CNES.<a href="#cite_note-113">[107]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Worlds_Mission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Worlds Mission (kaca can aya)">New Worlds Mission</a> adalah alat pelengkap yang beroperasi bersama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleskop_Antariksa_James_Webb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teleskop Antariksa James Webb (kaca can aya)">Teleskop Antariksa James Webb</a>. Sayangnya, anggaran untuk proyek-proyek ini masih belum jelas. Spektrum planet luar surya pertama ditemukan pada Februari 2007 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_209458_b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 209458 b (kaca can aya)">HD 209458 b</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_189733_b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 189733 b (kaca can aya)">HD 189733 b</a>).<a href="#cite_note-114">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[109]</a> Frekuensi kemunculan planet-planet kebumian semacam itu merupakan salah satu variabel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persamaan_Drake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persamaan Drake (kaca can aya)">persamaan Drake</a> yang memperkirakan jumlah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kehidupan_luar_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kehidupan luar Bumi (kaca can aya)">peradaban cerdas</a> di galaksi Bima Sakti.<a href="#cite_note-116">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Objek_bermassa_planet">Objek bermassa planet</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Édit bab: Objek bermassa planet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Objek bermassa planet">édit sumber</a>]</div> Objek bermassa planet, PMO, atau planemo adalah benda langit yang massanya berada di antara definisi planet: cukup besar untuk memiliki kesetimbangan hidrostatik (dikelilingi gravitasinya sendiri), tetapi tidak cukup besar untuk memiliki fusi inti layaknya sebuah bitnang.<a href="#cite_note-117">[111]</a> Sesuai definisinya, semua planet adalah objek bermassa planet, namun tujuan istilah tersebut adalah menjelaskan benda-benda yang tidak memenuhi syarat planet pada umumnya. Objek-objek tersebut adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alami (kaca can aya)">satelit</a> yang lebih besar, planet pengelana bebas yang tidak mengorbit bintang seperti planet liar yang terlempar dari sistemnya, dan objek yang terbentuk melalui kolaps awan alih-alih akresi (kadang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_sub-coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai sub-coklat (kaca can aya)">katai sub-coklat</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planet_liar">Planet liar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Édit bab: Planet liar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Planet liar">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_liar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet liar (kaca can aya)">Planet liar</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Beberapa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulasi_komputer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simulasi komputer (kaca can aya)">simulasi komputer</a> pembentukan sistem bintang dan planet mengungkapkan bahwa sejumlah benda bermassa planet akan terlempar ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luar_angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luar angkasa (kaca can aya)">angkasa</a> antarbintang.<a href="#cite_note-118">[112]</a> Beberapa ilmuwan berpendapat bahwa benda semacam itu yang ditemukan berkelana di angkasa harus dikelompokkan sebagai "planet", tetapi yang lainnya berpendapat itu bisa jadi bintang bermassa rendah.<a href="#cite_note-Luhman-119">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Clavin-120">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katai_sub-coklat">Katai sub-coklat</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Édit bab: Katai sub-coklat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Katai sub-coklat">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/15px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/23px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_sub-coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai sub-coklat (kaca can aya)">Katai sub-coklat</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> Bintang terbentuk melalui keruntuhan gravitasi awan gas, tetapi benda-benda yang lebih kecil bisa terbentuk melalui keruntuhan awan. Objek bermassa planet yang terbentuk seperti itu kadang disebut katai sub-coklat. Katai sub-coklat bisa berkelana bebas (contohnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cha_110913-773444&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cha 110913-773444 (kaca can aya)">Cha 110913-773444</a>) atau mengorbit benda yang lebih besar (contohnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=2MASS_J04414489%2B2301513&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2MASS J04414489+2301513 (kaca can aya)">2MASS J04414489+2301513</a>). Pada tahun 2006, komunitas astronom sempat percaya bahwa mereka menemukan sistem biner katai sub-coklat, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oph_162225-240515&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oph 162225-240515 (kaca can aya)">Oph 162225-240515</a>, yang disebut penemunya sebagai "planemo" atau "objek bermassa planet". Namun analisis terkini menetapkan bahwa massa mereka masing-masing mungkin lebih besar daripada benda bermassa 13 kali Jupiter, sehingga keduanya tergolong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai coklat (kaca can aya)">katai coklat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bekas_bintang">Bekas bintang</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Édit bab: Bekas bintang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bekas bintang">édit sumber</a>]</div> Di sistem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang_biner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintang biner (kaca can aya)">bintang biner</a> dekat, salah satu bintang bisa kehilangan massanya karena diserap bintang yang lebih berat (lihat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar_bertenaga_akresi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar bertenaga akresi (kaca can aya)">pulsar bertenaga akresi</a>). Bintang yang menyusut berubah menjadi objek bermassa planet. Contohnya adalah sebuah objek bermassa Jupiter yang mengorbit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar (kaca can aya)">pulsar</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSR_J1719-1438&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSR J1719-1438 (kaca can aya)">PSR J1719-1438</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planet_satelit_dan_planet_sabuk">Planet satelit dan planet sabuk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Édit bab: Planet satelit dan planet sabuk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Planet satelit dan planet sabuk">édit sumber</a>]</div> Beberapa satelit besar memiliki ukuran yang sama atau lebih besar daripada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a>, misalnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_Galileo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit Galileo (kaca can aya)">satelit Galileo</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Titan</a> Jupiter. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Stern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Stern (kaca can aya)">Alan Stern</a> berpendapat bahwa lokasi bukanlah masalah dan ciri-ciri geofisik saja yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam definisi planet. Ia mengusulkan istilah planet satelit untuk satelit berukuran planet. Sama halnya, planet-planet kerdil di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_asteroid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk asteroid (kaca can aya)">sabuk asteroid</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_Kuiper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk Kuiper (kaca can aya)">sabuk Kuiper</a> harus dianggap planet menurut Stern.<a href="#cite_note-satelliteplanet-125">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ciri-ciri">Ciri-ciri</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Édit bab: Ciri-ciri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ciri-ciri">édit sumber</a>]</div> Walaupun masing-masing planet memeiliki ciri-ciri fisik yang khas, ada beberapa kesamaan di antara mereka. Ciri-ciri seperti cincin atau satelit alami sejauh ini baru diamati di planet Tata Surya, sementara di planet luar surya ada ciri-ciri yang lain lagi. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ciri-ciri_dinamis">Ciri-ciri dinamis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Édit bab: Ciri-ciri dinamis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ciri-ciri dinamis">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum_gerakan_planet_Kepler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukum gerakan planet Kepler (kaca can aya)">Hukum gerakan planet Kepler</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Orbit">Orbit</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Édit bab: Orbit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=27" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Orbit">édit sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/300px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/450px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg/600px-TheKuiperBelt_Orbits_Pluto_Ecliptic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Orbit planet Neptunus dibandingkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>. Lihat perpanjangan orbit Pluto dibandingkan Neptunus (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksentrisitas_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksentrisitas orbit (kaca can aya)">eksentrisitas</a>), serta sudut ekliptiknya yang besar (<a href="/wiki/Inklinasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Inklinasi">inklinasi</a>).</figcaption></figure> Menurut definisi terkini, semua planet harus berevolusi mengitari bintang, sehingga potensi "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_liar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet liar (kaca can aya)">planet liar</a>" apapun dianggap tidak ada. Di Tata Surya, semua planet mengorbit Matahari dengan arah yang sama seperti rotasi Matahari (berlawanan arah jarum jam dilihat dari kutub utaranya). Sedikitnya satu planet luar surya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=WASP-17b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WASP-17b (kaca can aya)">WASP-17b</a>, ditemukan mengorbit dengan arah yang berlawanan dengan rotasi bintangnya.<a href="#cite_note-126">[120]</a> Periode satu revolusi orbit planet disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_sidereal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode sidereal (kaca can aya)">periode sidereal</a> atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahun (kaca can aya)">tahun</a>.<a href="#cite_note-young-127">[121]</a> Tahun planet bergantung pada jarak dari bintangnya; semakin jauh sebuah planet dari bintangnya, tidak hanya semakin jauh jarak yang harus ditempuh, tetapi juga semakin lambat kecepatannya, karena pengaruh <a href="/wiki/Gravitasi" title="Gravitasi">gravitasi</a> bintang tidak terlalu besar. Karena tidak ada orbit planet yang berbentuk lingkaran sempurna, jarak masing-masing planet bervariasi sepanjang tahun. Titik terdekat suatu planet dengan bintangnya disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periastron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periastron (kaca can aya)">periastron</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Perihelion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perihelion (kaca can aya)">perihelion</a> di Tata Surya), sementara titik terjauhnya disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apastron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apastron (kaca can aya)">apastron</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aphelion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aphelion (kaca can aya)">aphelion</a>). Ketika planet mendekati periastron, kecepatannya meningkat karena planet menukar energi potensial gravitasi menjadi energi kinetik, mirip seperti kecepatan benda jatuh di Bumi; ketika planet mendekati apastron, kecepatannya berkurang, mirip seperti kecepatan benda dilempar ke atas lalu mencapai puncak jalur lemparannya.<a href="#cite_note-128">[122]</a> Setiap orbit planet dibentuk oleh serangkaian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elemen_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elemen orbit (kaca can aya)">elemen</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksentrisitas_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksentrisitas orbit (kaca can aya)">Eksentrisitas</a> suatu orbit menandakan seberapa panjang orbit sebuah planet. Planet-planet yang eksentrisitasnya rendah memiliki orbit yang lebih melingkar, sementara planet bereksentrisitas tinggi memiliki orbit yang lebih elips. Planet-planet di Tata Surya memiliki eksentrisitas yang sangat rendah, sehingga orbitnya nyaris lingkaran.<a href="#cite_note-young-127">[121]</a> Komet dan benda-benda sabuk Kuiper (serta beberapa planet luar surya) memiliki eksentrisitas yang sangat tinggi, sehingga orbitnya bisa terlalu elips.<a href="#cite_note-129">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[124]</a></li> <li><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Semimajoraxis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/250px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/375px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Semimajoraxis.svg/500px-Semimajoraxis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="87" /></a><figcaption>Ilustrasi sumbu semi-mayor</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Sumbu_semi-mayor" title="Sumbu semi-mayor">Sumbu semi-mayor</a> adalah jarak dari suatu planet ke titik separuh jalan di sepanjang diameter orbit elips terpanjangnya (lihat gambar). Jarak ini tidak sama seperti apastronnya, karena tidak ada orbit planet yang tepat di tengah-tengahnya terdapat bintang.<a href="#cite_note-young-127">[121]</a></li> <li>Inklinasi planet menandakan seberapa jauh di atas atau bawah letak bidang referensinya. Di Tata Surya, bidang referensi adalah bidang orbit Bumi yang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekliptika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekliptika (kaca can aya)">ekliptika</a>. Untuk planet luar surya, bidang yang disebut bidang langit ini adalah bidang garis pandang pengamat dari Bumi.<a href="#cite_note-131">[125]</a> Kedelapan planet Tata Surya terletak sangat dekat dengan ekliptika; komet dan benda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabuk_Kuiper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabuk Kuiper (kaca can aya)">sabuk Kuiper</a> seperti Pluto berada di sudut yang lebih ekstrem terhadap ekliptika.<a href="#cite_note-132">[126]</a> Titik tempat planet melintas di atas dan bawah bidang referensiya disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodus_naik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodus naik (kaca can aya)">nodus naik</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodus_turun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodus turun (kaca can aya)">nodus turun</a>.<a href="#cite_note-young-127">[121]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bujur_nodus_naik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bujur nodus naik (kaca can aya)">Bujur nodus naik</a> adalah sudut antara bujur 0 bidang referensi dan nodus naik planet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Argumen_periapsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argumen periapsis (kaca can aya)">Argumen periapsis</a> (atau perihelion di Tata Surya) adalah sudut antara nodus naik planet dan titik terdekat dengan bintangnya.<a href="#cite_note-young-127">[121]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kemiringan_sumbu">Kemiringan sumbu</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Édit bab: Kemiringan sumbu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=28" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kemiringan sumbu">édit sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:AxialTiltObliquity.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AxialTiltObliquity.png/250px-AxialTiltObliquity.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AxialTiltObliquity.png/375px-AxialTiltObliquity.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AxialTiltObliquity.png/500px-AxialTiltObliquity.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Kemiringan sumbu Bumi sekitar 23°.</figcaption></figure> Planet juga memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemiringan_sumbu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kemiringan sumbu (kaca can aya)">kemiringan sumbu</a> yang beragam derajatnya. Kemiringan sumbu berada pada sudut terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bidang_Referensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bidang Referensi (kaca can aya)">bidang</a> <a href="/wiki/Inklinasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Inklinasi">khatulistiwa bintangnya</a>. Hal ini mengakibatkan jumlah cahaya yang diterima setiap belahan planet tidak tentu sepanjang tahun; saat belahan utara menjauh dari bintang, belahan selatan mendekati bintang, dan sebaliknya. Karena itu, setiap planet memiliki <a href="/wiki/Musim" class="mw-redirect" title="Musim">musim</a>; perubahan iklim sepanjang tahun. Masa ketika setiap belahan berada di titik terjauh atau terdekat dari bintangnya disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titik_balik_matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titik balik matahari (kaca can aya)">titik balik matahari</a>. Setiap planet memiliki dua titik balik di orbitnya; ketika satu belahan mencapai titik balik musim panas (siang terlama), belahan lain mencapai titik balik musim dingin (siang tersingkat). Jumlah cahaya dan panas yang tidak menentu yang diterima setiap belahan menciptakan perubahan pola cuaca tahunan untuk setiap belahan planet. Kemiringan sumbu Jupiter sangat kecil sampai-sampai variasi musimnya juga sedikit. Di sisi lain, Uranus memiliki kemiringan sumbu yang sangat besar sampai-sampai bisa mengalami siang abadi atau malam abadi ketika mencapai titik balik.<a href="#cite_note-Weather-133">[127]</a> Di kalangan planet luar surya, kemiringan sumbu tidak diketahui pasti, meski banyak benda Jupiter panas dipercayai memiliki sedikit kemiringan sumbu atau tidak sama sekali karena letaknya yang dekat dengan bintangnya.<a href="#cite_note-134">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rotasi">Rotasi</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Édit bab: Rotasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=29" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rotasi">édit sumber</a>]</div> Planet berotasi di sumbu kasat mata yang menembus pusatnya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode_rotasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode rotasi (kaca can aya)">Periode rotasi</a> suatu planet disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hari (kaca can aya)">hari bintang</a>. Kebanyakan planet di Tata Surya berotasi dengan arah yang sama seperti orbitnya, yaitu berlawanan arah jarum jam jika dilihat dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutub_benda_astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutub benda astronomi (kaca can aya)">kutub utara</a> Matahari, kecuali Venus<a href="#cite_note-135">[129]</a> dan Uranus<a href="#cite_note-136">[130]</a> yang berotasi searah jarum jam. Tetapi kemiringan sumbu Uranus yang luar biasa besar berarti ada konvensi berbeda tentang kutub mana yang "utara" dan apakah planet tersebut berputar searah jarum jam atau tidak.<a href="#cite_note-137">[131]</a> Apapun itu, tanpa melihat konvensinya, Uranus memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotasi_mundur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotasi mundur (kaca can aya)">rotasi mundur</a> yang relatif terhadap orbitnya. Rotasi suatu planet dapat terbentuk oleh beberapa faktor saat pembentukannya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Momentum_sudut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Momentum sudut (kaca can aya)">Momentum sudut</a> bersihnya bisa tercipta oleh momentum sudut yang berasal dari objek-objek akresi. Akresi gas oleh raksasa gas juga memengaruhi momentum sudut. Pada tahap-tahap akhir pembentukan planet, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_stokastik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses stokastik (kaca can aya)">proses stokastik</a> berupa akresi protoplanet dapat mengubah sumbu putar planet secara acak.<a href="#cite_note-araa31-138">[132]</a> Ada perbedaan panjang hari yang besar antarplanet. Venus membutuhkan 243 hari Bumi untuk berotasi, sedangkan raksasa gas beberapa jam saja.<a href="#cite_note-139">[133]</a> Periode rotasi planet luar surya tidak diketahui. Namun letak mereka yang dekat dengan bintangnya berarti benda-benda Jupiter panas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguncian_gelombang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguncian gelombang (kaca can aya)">terkunci secara tidal</a> (orbitnya sinkron dengan rotasinya). Ini berarti mereka hanya menampakkan satu sisi ke bintangnya, sehingga satu sisi selalu siang, satu lagi selalu malam.<a href="#cite_note-140">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pembersihan_orbit">Pembersihan orbit</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Édit bab: Pembersihan orbit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=30" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembersihan orbit">édit sumber</a>]</div> Ciri dinamis utama yang menentukan sebuah planet adalah benda tersebut telah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Membersihkan_lingkungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membersihkan lingkungan (kaca can aya)">membersihkan lingkungannya</a>. Planet yang telah membersihkan lingkungannya memiliki massa yang cukup untuk menyapu semua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetesimal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetesimal (kaca can aya)">planetesimal</a> di orbitnya. Hasilnya, planet mengorbit bintangnya secara tetap, tidak berbagi orbit dengan beberapa objek berukuran serupa. Ciri ini tercantum dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definisi_planet_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definisi planet 2006 (kaca can aya)">definisi resmi planet</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Astronomical_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Astronomical Union (kaca can aya)">IAU</a> bulan Agustus 2006. Kriteria tersebut tidak mencakup benda-benda keplanetan seperti <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_katai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet katai) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a>, sehingga mereka tergolong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">planet katai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IAU-2">[1]</a> Walaupun sampai sekarang kriteria ini berlaku di Tata Surya saja, sejumlah sistem luar surya muda ditemukan dengan bukti pembersihan orbit di cakram sirkumbintangnya.<a href="#cite_note-141">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ciri-ciri_fisik">Ciri-ciri fisik</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Édit bab: Ciri-ciri fisik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=31" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ciri-ciri fisik">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Massa">Massa</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Édit bab: Massa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=32" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Massa">édit sumber</a>]</div> Ciri-ciri fisik utama yang menentukan sebuah planet adalah apakah benda tersebut cukup besar untuk memaksa gravitasinya sendiri mendominasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaya_elektromagnetik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaya elektromagnetik (kaca can aya)">gaya elektromagnetik</a> yang menyelubungi struktur fisiknya, sehingga terciptalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesetimbangan_hidrostatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesetimbangan hidrostatik (kaca can aya)">kesetimbangan hidrostatik</a>. Ini berarti bahwa semua planet berbentuk sfer (bola) atau sferoidal. Sampai titik massa tertentu, bentuk suatu bojek bisa tidak tentu, tetapi terlepas dari titik tersebut yang bervariasi tergantung penyusun kimianya, gravitasi mulai menarik suatu objek ke pusat massanya sampai objek tersebut membentuk bola.<a href="#cite_note-142">[136]</a> Massa juga merupakan ciri utama yang membedakan planet dengan <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bintang</a>. Batas massa atas untuk keplanetan adalah 13 kali massa Jupiter (13MJ) untuk objek-objek dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelimpahan_isotop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kelimpahan isotop (kaca can aya)">kelimpahan isotop</a> matahari. Lebih dari itu, suatu objek memiliki kondisi yang tepat untuk melakukan <a href="/wiki/Fusi_nuklir" title="Fusi nuklir">fusi nuklir</a>. Selain Matahari, tidak ada objek bermassa seperti itu di Tata Surya; tetapi ada eksoplanet berukuran Matahari. Batas 13MJ tidak diakui secara universal dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (kaca can aya)">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a> berisi objek-objek bermassa 20 kali Jupiter,<a href="#cite_note-143">[137]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exoplanet_Data_Explorer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exoplanet Data Explorer (kaca can aya)">Exoplanet Data Explorer</a> 24 kali massa Jupiter.<a href="#cite_note-144">[138]</a> Planet terkecil yang pernah diketahui, tidak termasuk planet kerdil dan satelit, adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSR_B1257%2B12A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSR B1257+12A (kaca can aya)">PSR B1257+12A</a>. Ini adalah salah satu planet luar surya pertama yang ditemukan pada tahun 1992 yang mengelilingi sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsar (kaca can aya)">pulsar</a>. Massanya sekitar separuh massa planet Merkurius.<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">[6]</a> Planet terkecil yang mengorbit bintang deret utama selain Matahari adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepler-37b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepler-37b (kaca can aya)">Kepler-37b</a>. Massa dan radiusnya agak lebih besar daripada <a href="/wiki/Bulan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bulan">Bulan</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Diferensiasi_internal">Diferensiasi internal</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Édit bab: Diferensiasi internal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=33" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Diferensiasi internal">édit sumber</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Jupiter_interior.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/250px-Jupiter_interior.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/375px-Jupiter_interior.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Jupiter_interior.png/500px-Jupiter_interior.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>Ilustrasi interior Jupiter dengan inti berbatu yang diselubungi lapisan hidrogen metalik tebal</figcaption></figure> Setiap planet mengawali eksistensinya dalam bentuk cair; pada pembentukan awal, material yang lebih padat dan berat tenggelam ke tengah, sehingga material ringan tetap berada di dekat permukaan. Masing-masing memiliki interior <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diferensiasi_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diferensiasi planet (kaca can aya)">berbeda</a> yang terdiri dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inti_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inti planet (kaca can aya)">inti planet</a> padat yang diselimuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mantel_(geologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantel (geologi) (kaca can aya)">mantel</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cair (kaca can aya)">cair</a> atau padat. Planet-planet kebumian terjebak di dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerak_(geologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerak (geologi) (kaca can aya)">kerak</a> padat,<a href="#cite_note-terrestrial-145">[139]</a> namun pada raksasa gas, mantelnya luluh menjadi lapisan awan teratas. Planet kebumian memiliki inti elemen magnetik seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Besi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Besi (kaca can aya)">besi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">nikel</a>, serta mantel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silikat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silikat (kaca can aya)">silikat</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Saturnus" title="Saturnus">Saturnus</a> diyakini memiliki inti batu dan logam yang diselimuti mantel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrogen_metalik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrogen metalik (kaca can aya)">hidrogen metalik</a>.<a href="#cite_note-146">[140]</a> <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunus (kaca can aya)">Neptunus</a>, yang ukurannya lebih kecil, memiliki inti batu yang diselimuti mantel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Air&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air (kaca can aya)">air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amonia" title="Amonia">amonia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metana (kaca can aya)">metana</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahan_volatil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahan volatil (kaca can aya)">es</a>.<a href="#cite_note-147">[141]</a> Gerakan cairan di dalam inti planet-planet tersebut menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geodinamo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geodinamo (kaca can aya)">geodinamo</a> yang menciptakan <a href="/wiki/Medan_magnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Medan magnet">medan magnet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-terrestrial-145">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Atmosfer">Atmosfer</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Édit bab: Atmosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=34" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Atmosfer">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="noprint" style="margin-bottom:0.7em; font-style:italic; text-align:center; font-size:100%; padding:1x 0 1px 24px; overflow:hidden; vertical-align:middle; line-height:1em; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa; background:#ffffff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.5px; vertical-align:middle; width:1em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Emoji_u1f50d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Emoji_u1f50d.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f50d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td> Tempo ogé: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfer_ekstraterestrial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfer ekstraterestrial (kaca can aya)">Atmosfer ekstraterestrial</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/250px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/375px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg/500px-Top_of_Atmosphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3027" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption>Atmosfer Bumi</figcaption></figure> Semua planet di Tata Surya selain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkurius (kaca can aya)">Merkurius</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[142]</a> memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfer (kaca can aya)">atmosfer</a> dasar karena gravitasi massanya yang besar cukup kuat untuk menahan gas agar dekat dengan permukaan. Raksasa gas yang lebih besar cukup besar untuk menyimpan banyak sekali gas ringan <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Helium" class="mw-redirect" title="Helium">helium</a>, sementara gas planet-planet kecil lolos ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luar_angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luar angkasa (kaca can aya)">luar angkasa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[143]</a> Komposisi atmosfer Bumi berbeda dengan planet lain dikarenakan beragam proses <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kehidupan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kehidupan (kaca can aya)">kehidupan</a> yang mentranspirasikan planet telah menghasilkan molekul <a href="/wiki/Oksigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksigen">oksigen</a> bebas.<a href="#cite_note-zeilik-150">[144]</a> Atmosfer planet dipengaruhi oleh berbagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insolasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insolasi (kaca can aya)">insolasi</a> atau energi internal, sehingga berujung pada pembentukan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_cuaca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem cuaca (kaca can aya)">sistem cuaca</a> dinamis seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badai (kaca can aya)">badai</a> (di Bumi), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badai_debu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badai debu (kaca can aya)">badai debu</a> seplanet (di Mars), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badai_antisiklon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badai antisiklon (kaca can aya)">antisiklon</a> seukuran Bumi (di Jupiter; disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titik_Merah_Besar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titik Merah Besar (kaca can aya)">Titik Merah Besar</a>), dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titik_Gelap_Besar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titik Gelap Besar (kaca can aya)">lubang di atmosfer</a> (di Neptunus).<a href="#cite_note-Weather-133">[127]</a> Sedikitnya satu planet luar surya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_189733_b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 189733 b (kaca can aya)">HD 189733 b</a>, diklaim memiliki sistem cuaca seperti itu, sama seperti Titik Merah Besar namun ukurannya lebih besar dua kali lipat.<a href="#cite_note-knutson-151">[145]</a> Akibat letaknya yang terlalu dekat dengan bintang induknya, benda-benda Jupiter panas kehilangan atmosfernya karena radiasi bintang, mirip ekor komet.<a href="#cite_note-152">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[147]</a> Planet-planet ini memiliki perbedaan suhu siang dan malam yang terlampau jauh sampai-sampai mampu menghasilkan angin supersonik.<a href="#cite_note-154">[148]</a> Tetapi sisi siang dan malam HD 189733 b terlihat sama suhunya, menandakan atmosfer planet ini efektif mendistribusikan kembali energi bintang ke seluruh planet.<a href="#cite_note-knutson-151">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Magnetosfer">Magnetosfer</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Édit bab: Magnetosfer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=35" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Magnetosfer">édit sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/300px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/450px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg/600px-Structure_of_the_magnetosphere-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>Skema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_magnet_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan magnet Bumi (kaca can aya)">magnetosfer Bumi</a></figcaption></figure> Salah satu ciri penting dari sebuah planet adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Momen_magnet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Momen magnet (kaca can aya)">momen magnet</a> intrinsiknya yang menjadi cikal bakal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetosfer (kaca can aya)">magnetosfernya</a>. Keberadaan medan magnet menandakan bahwa planet tersebut secara geologi masih hidup. Dengan kata lain, planet termagnetkan memiliki aliran bahan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konduktivitas_listrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konduktivitas listrik (kaca can aya)">konduktor listrik</a> di interiornya yang menciptakan medan magnet. Medan ini sangat memengaruhi interaksi planet dengan angin matahari. Sebuah planet yang termagnetkan membuat selubung bernama magnetosfer yang tidak bisa ditembus angin matahari. Magnetosfer dapat berukuran lebih besar daripada planet itu sendiri. Kebalikannya, planet yang tidak termagnetkan memiliki magnetosfer kecil yang tercipta oleh interaksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionosfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ionosfer (kaca can aya)">ionosfer</a> dengan angin matahari, tetapi tidak melindungi planet tersebut secara efektif.<a href="#cite_note-Kivelson2007-155">[149]</a> Dari delapan planet di Tata Surya, hanya Venus dan Mars yang tidak memiliki medan magnet.<a href="#cite_note-Kivelson2007-155">[149]</a> Selain itu, satelit Jupiter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ganymede_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ganymede (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Ganymede</a> punya medan magnetik. Dari semua planet termagnetkan, medan Merkurius adalah yang terlemah dan tidak mampu memantulkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angin_matahari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angin matahari (kaca can aya)">angin matahari</a>. Medan magnet Ganymede beberapa kali lipat lebih besar dan medan Jupiter adalah yang terkuat di Tata Surya (kuat sekali sampai-sampai planet ini memiliki ancaman kesehatan serius bagi misi berawak ke satelit-satelitnya pada masa depan). Medan magnet planet-planet raksasa lainnya memiliki kekuatan yang agak setara dengan Bumi, namun momen magnetnya lebih besar. Medan magnet Uranus dan Neptunus sangat miring relatif terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumbu_rotasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumbu rotasi (kaca can aya)">sumbu rotasi</a> dan terlepas dari pusat planetnya.<a href="#cite_note-Kivelson2007-155">[149]</a> Pada tahun 2004, tim astronom di Hawaii mengamati sebuah planet luar surya yang mengitari bintang <a href="/w/index.php?title=HD_179949&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HD 179949 (kaca can aya)">HD 179949</a>. Planet ini terliaht menciptakan titik matahari di permukaan bintang induknya. Tim berhipotesis bahwa magnetosfer planet sedang mentransfer energi ke permukaan bintang dan meningkatkan suhunya dari 7.760 °C menjadi 8.160 °C.<a href="#cite_note-156">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ciri-ciri_sekunder">Ciri-ciri sekunder</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Édit bab: Ciri-ciri sekunder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=36" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ciri-ciri sekunder">édit sumber</a>]</div> Beberapa planet atau planet kerdil di Tata Surya (seperti Neptunus atau Pluto) memiliki periode orbit yang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonansi_orbit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resonansi orbit (kaca can aya)">sejalan</a> satu sama lain atau dengan benda-benda yang lebih kecil (hal ini lazim terjadi di sistem satelit). Semua planet kecuali Merkurius dan Venus memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelit_alami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelit alami (kaca can aya)">satelit alami</a> yang biasa disebut "bulan". Bumi punya satu satelit, Mars dua, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raksasa_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raksasa gas (kaca can aya)">raksasa gas</a> punya beberapa satelit dengan sistem keplanetan yang kompleks. Banyak satelit raksasa gas memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama seperti planet kebumian dan planet katai. Beberapa di antaranya bahkan dianggap ramah kehidupan (terutama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_(satelit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europa (satelit) (kaca can aya)">Europa</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Grasset2000-157">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fortes2000-158">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[153]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png/250px-Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png/375px-Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png/500px-Voyager_2_-_Saturn_Rings_-_3085_7800_2.png 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Saturnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Saturnus (kaca can aya)">Cincin Saturnus</a></figcaption></figure> Empat raksasa gas juga dikitari oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin planet (kaca can aya)">cincin planet</a> dengan ukuran dan kerumitan yang beragam. Cincin-cincin ini terdiri dari debu atau partikel, namun bisa menginangi '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cincin_Saturnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cincin Saturnus (kaca can aya)">anak bulan</a>' mungil yang gravitasinya membentuk dan mempertahankan strukturnya. Meski asal usul terbentuknya tidak diketahui secara pasti, cincin planet diyakini sebagai hasil satelit alami yang masuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_Roche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas Roche (kaca can aya)">batas Roche</a> planet induknya dan hancur akibat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaya_gelombang_pasang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaya gelombang pasang (kaca can aya)">gaya gelombang pasang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[155]</a> Tidak ada ciri sekunder yang terlihat di planet-planet luar surya. Akan tetapi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katai_sub-coklat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katai sub-coklat (kaca can aya)">katai sub-coklat</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cha_110913-773444&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cha 110913-773444 (kaca can aya)">Cha 110913-773444</a>, yang dianggap sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_liar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet liar (kaca can aya)">planet liar</a>, diyakini dikelilingi oleh sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cakram_protoplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cakram protoplanet (kaca can aya)">cakram protoplanet</a> mungil.<a href="#cite_note-Luhman-119">[113]</a> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istilah_terkait">Istilah terkait</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=37" title="Édit bab: Istilah terkait" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=37" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Istilah terkait">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komet (kaca can aya)">Komet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mnemonik_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mnemonik planet (kaca can aya)">Mnemonik planet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_ganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet ganda (kaca can aya)">Planet ganda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_katai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet katai (kaca can aya)">Planet katai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_liar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet liar (kaca can aya)">Planet liar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_luar_surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet luar surya (kaca can aya)">Planet luar surya</a> (atau Eksoplanet) – benda langit di luar Tata Surya</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesoplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesoplanet (kaca can aya)">Mesoplanet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_minor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet minor (kaca can aya)">Planet minor</a> – benda langit yang lebih kecil daripada planet</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetar_(astronomi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetar (astronomi) (kaca can aya)">Planetar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetesimal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetesimal (kaca can aya)">Planetesimal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protoplanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protoplanet (kaca can aya)">Protoplanet</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=38" title="Édit bab: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=38" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gambar:P_blank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P_blank.svg/40px-P_blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P_blank.svg/60px-P_blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/P_blank.svg/80px-P_blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal_Portal_Portal_Portal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal Portal Portal Portal (kaca can aya)">Portal Portal Portal Portal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em;"> <table style="background:#f9f9f9; font-size:85%; line-height:110%; max-width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Saturn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikon portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Saturn.svg/32px-Saturn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Saturn.svg/48px-Saturn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Saturn.svg/64px-Saturn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="530" /></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: middle"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Astronomi (kaca can aya)">Portal Astronomi </a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Langit_ekstraterestrial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langit ekstraterestrial (kaca can aya)">Langit ekstraterestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_benda_hipotesis_di_Tata_Surya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar benda hipotesis di Tata Surya (kaca can aya)">Daftar benda hipotesis di Tata Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendaratan_di_planet_lain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendaratan di planet lain (kaca can aya)">Pendaratan di planet lain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penjelajahan_luar_angkasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penjelajahan luar angkasa (kaca can aya)">Penjelajahan luar angkasa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keterhunian_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keterhunian planet (kaca can aya)">Keterhunian planet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmu_keplanetan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmu keplanetan (kaca can aya)">Ilmu keplanetan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksoplanetologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksoplanetologi (kaca can aya)">Eksoplanetologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetologi_teoretis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetologi teoretis (kaca can aya)">Planetologi teoretis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_di_astrologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet di astrologi (kaca can aya)">Planet di astrologi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_di_fiksi_ilmiah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet di fiksi ilmiah (kaca can aya)">Planet di fiksi ilmiah</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan_kaki">Catatan kaki</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=39" title="Édit bab: Catatan kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=39" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan kaki">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-footnoteA-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteA_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteA_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteA_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteA_1-3">d</a> This <a href="/w/index.php?title=Definition_of_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Definition of planet (kaca can aya)">definition</a> is drawn from two separate <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Astronomical_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Astronomical Union (kaca can aya)">IAU</a> declarations; a formal definition agreed by the IAU in 2006, and an informal working definition established by the IAU in 2001/2003 for objects outside of the Solar System. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_definition_of_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 definition of planet (kaca can aya)">2006 definition</a>, while official, applies only to the Solar System, while the 2003 definition applies to planets around other stars. The extrasolar planet issue was deemed too complex to resolve at the 2006 IAU conference. </li> <li id="cite_note-footnoteB-65">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteB_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteB_65-1">b</a> Referred to by Huygens as a Planetes novus ("new planet") in his <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sil.si.edu/DigitalCollections/HST/Huygens/huygens-text.htm">Systema Saturnium</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-footnoteC-67">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteC_67-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteC_67-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteC_67-2">c</a> Both labelled nouvelles planétes (new planets) by Cassini in his Découverte de deux nouvelles planetes autour de Saturne<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-footnoteD-68">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_68-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_68-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_68-3">d</a> Both once referred to as "planets" by Cassini in his <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0260-7085%281686%2F1692%2916%3C79%3AAEOTJD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-J">An Extract of the Journal Des Scavans...</a>. The term "satellite", however, had already begun to be used to distinguish such bodies from those around which they orbited ("primary planets"). </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a> Classified as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dwarf_planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dwarf planet (kaca can aya)">dwarf planet</a> in 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> Regarded as a planet from its discovery in 1930 until redesignated as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Neptunian_object&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trans-Neptunian object (kaca can aya)">trans-Neptunian</a> dwarf planet in August 2006. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=40" title="Édit bab: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=40" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi">édit sumber</a>]</div> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IAU-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-IAU_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAU_2-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0603/">"IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes"</a>. International Astronomical Union. 2006. Diakses tanggal 2009-12-30.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=IAU+2006+General+Assembly%3A+Result+of+the+IAU+Resolution+votes&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=International+Astronomical+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fpublic_press%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2Fiau0603%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-WSGESP-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-WSGESP_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WSGESP_3-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html">"Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP) of the International Astronomical Union"</a>. IAU. 2001. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Working+Group+on+Extrasolar+Planets+%28WGESP%29+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtm.ciw.edu%2Fboss%2Fdefinition.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> Danadibrata, R. A. (R. Alla), 1905-1987. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/125409879">Kamus basa Sunda</a> (Cit. 1 ed.). Bandung: Wedalan Panitia Penerbitan Kamus Basa Sunda, gawe bareng PT Kiblat Buku Utama, jeung Universitas Padjadjaran. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/9793631910" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/9793631910">9793631910</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/125409879">125409879</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Danadibrata%2C+R.+A.+%28R.+Alla%29%2C+1905-1987.&rft.aulast=Danadibrata%2C+R.+A.+%28R.+Alla%29%2C+1905-1987.&rft.btitle=Kamus+basa+Sunda&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=Cit.+1&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9793631910&rft.place=Bandung&rft.pub=Wedalan+Panitia+Penerbitan+Kamus+Basa+Sunda%2C+gawe+bareng+PT+Kiblat+Buku+Utama%2C+jeung+Universitas+Padjadjaran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F125409879&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F125409879&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceres_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceres (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> (sebelumnya merupakan planet ke-9 di Tata Surya), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makemake_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makemake (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Makemake</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haumea_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haumea (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Haumea</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eris_(planet_kerdil)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eris (planet kerdil) (kaca can aya)">Eris</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/">http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyclopaedia-7">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_7-4">e</a> Schneider, Jean (16 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php">"Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Extrasolar_Planets_Encyclopaedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (kaca can aya)">The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia</a>. Diakses tanggal 2013-01-15.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Interactive+Extra-solar+Planets+Catalog&rft.au=Schneider%2C+Jean&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.date=16+January+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Extrasolar+Planets+Encyclopaedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanet.eu%2Fcatalog.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Kepler20e-20111220-8">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20e-20111220_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20e-20111220_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20e-20111220_8-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA Staff</a> (20 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/">"Kepler: A Search For Habitable Planets – Kepler-20e"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Diakses tanggal 2011-12-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=NASA+Staff&rft.aulast=NASA+Staff&rft.btitle=Kepler%3A+A+Search+For+Habitable+Planets+%E2%80%93+Kepler-20e&rft.date=20+December+2011&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkepler.nasa.gov%2FMission%2Fdiscoveries%2Fkepler20e%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130222162400/http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/">Archived</a> 2013-02-22 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kepler20f-20111220-9">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20f-20111220_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20f-20111220_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kepler20f-20111220_9-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA Staff</a> (20 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20f/">"Kepler: A Search For Habitable Planets – Kepler-20f"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Diakses tanggal 2011-12-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=NASA+Staff&rft.aulast=NASA+Staff&rft.btitle=Kepler%3A+A+Search+For+Habitable+Planets+%E2%80%93+Kepler-20f&rft.date=20+December+2011&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkepler.nasa.gov%2FMission%2Fdiscoveries%2Fkepler20f%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614161345/http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20f/">Archived</a> 2012-06-14 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-20111220-10">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20111220_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20111220_10-1">b</a> Johnson, Michele (20 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/news/kepler-20-system.html">"NASA Discovers First Earth-size Planets Beyond Our Solar System"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Diakses tanggal 2011-12-20.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Michele&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.btitle=NASA+Discovers+First+Earth-size+Planets+Beyond+Our+Solar+System&rft.date=20+December+2011&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fkepler%2Fnews%2Fkepler-20-system.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190504012546/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/news/kepler-20-system.html">Archived</a> 2019-05-04 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nature-20111220-11">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Nature-20111220_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nature-20111220_11-1">b</a> Hand, Eric (20 December 2011). "Kepler discovers first Earth-sized exoplanets". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nature_(jurnal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nature (jurnal) (kaca can aya)">Nature</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2011.9688">10.1038/nature.2011.9688</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kepler+discovers+first+Earth-sized+exoplanets&rft.jtitle=%5B%5BNature+%28jurnal%29%7CNature%5D%5D&rft.aulast=Hand&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Hand%2C%26%2332%3BEric&rft.date=20+December+2011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature.2011.9688&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20111220-12">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20111220_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20111220_12-1">b</a> Overbye, Dennis (2011-12-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/21/science/space/nasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html">"Two Earth-Size Planets Are Discovered"</a>. New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/21/science/space/nasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/21/science/space/nasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html</a>. Diakses pada 2011-12-21<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Two+Earth-Size+Planets+Are+Discovered&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Overbye&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.au=Overbye%2C%26%2332%3BDennis&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2011-12-20%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F12%2F21%2Fscience%2Fspace%2Fnasas-kepler-spacecraft-discovers-2-earth-size-planets.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> Cassan, Arnaud; D. Kubas, J.-P. Beaulieu, M. Dominik, K. Horne, J. Greenhill, J. Wambsganss, J. Menzies, A. Williams, U. G. Jørgensen, A. Udalski, D. P. Bennett, M. D. Albrow, V. Batista, S. Brillant, J. A. R. Caldwell, A. Cole, Ch. Coutures, K. H. Cook, S. Dieters, D. Dominis Prester, J. Donatowicz, P. Fouqué, K. Hill, N. Kains et al. (12 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v481/n7380/full/nature10684.html">"One or more bound planets per Milky Way star from microlensing observations"</a>. Nature 481 (7380): 167–169. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1202.0903">1202.0903</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Natur.481..167C">2012Natur.481..167C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature10684">10.1038/nature10684</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237108">22237108</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v481/n7380/full/nature10684.html">http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v481/n7380/full/nature10684.html</a>. Diakses pada 11 January 2012.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=One+or+more+bound+planets+per+Milky+Way+star+from+microlensing+observations&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Cassan&rft.aufirst=Arnaud&rft.au=Cassan%2C%26%2332%3BArnaud&rft.au=D.+Kubas%2C+J.-P.+Beaulieu%2C+M.+Dominik%2C+K.+Horne%2C+J.+Greenhill%2C+J.+Wambsganss%2C+J.+Menzies%2C+A.+Williams%2C+U.+G.+J%C3%B8rgensen%2C+A.+Udalski%2C+D.+P.+Bennett%2C+M.+D.+Albrow%2C+V.+Batista%2C+S.+Brillant%2C+J.+A.+R.+Caldwell%2C+A.+Cole%2C+Ch.+Coutures%2C+K.+H.+Cook%2C+S.+Dieters%2C+D.+Dominis+Prester%2C+J.+Donatowicz%2C+P.+Fouqu%C3%A9%2C+K.+Hill%2C+N.+Kains+et+al.&rft.date=12+January+2012&rft.volume=481&rft.issue=7380&rft.pages=167%E2%80%93169&rft_id=info:arxiv/1202.0903&rft_id=info:bibcode/2012Natur.481..167C&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature10684&rft_id=info:pmid/22237108&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnature%2Fjournal%2Fv481%2Fn7380%2Ffull%2Fnature10684.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Space-20130107-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Space-20130107_14-0">↑</a> Staff (January 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/19157-billions-earth-size-alien-planets-aas221.html">"17 Billion Earth-Size Alien Planets Inhabit Milky Way"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Space.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Space.com (kaca can aya)">Space.com</a>. Diakses tanggal January 8, 2013.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Staff&rft.aulast=Staff&rft.btitle=17+Billion+Earth-Size+Alien+Planets+Inhabit+Milky+Way&rft.date=January+7%2C+2013&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Space.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F19157-billions-earth-size-alien-planets-aas221.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> H. G. Liddell and R. Scott, A Greek–English Lexicon, ninth edition, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940). </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/planet">"Definition of planet"</a>. Merriam-Webster OnLine. Diakses tanggal 2007-07-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Definition+of+planet&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster+OnLine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fplanet&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-17">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-oed_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-oed_17-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50180718?query_type=word&queryword=planet">"planet, n"</a>. Oxford English Dictionary. 2007. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-07.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=planet%2C+n&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.oed.com%2Fcgi%2Fentry%2F50180718%3Fquery_type%3Dword%26queryword%3Dplanet&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  Note: select the Etymology tab </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> Neugebauer, Otto E. (1945). "The History of Ancient Astronomy Problems and Methods". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 4 (1): 1–38. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F370729">10.1086/370729</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+History+of+Ancient+Astronomy+Problems+and+Methods&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.aulast=Neugebauer&rft.aufirst=Otto+E.&rft.au=Neugebauer%2C%26%2332%3BOtto+E.&rft.date=1945&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F370729&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> Ronan, Colin. "Astronomy Before the Telescope". Astronomy in China, Korea and Japan (Walker ed.). pp. 264–265.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Astronomy+Before+the+Telescope&rft.au=Ronan%2C+Colin&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.aulast=Ronan&rft.btitle=Astronomy+in+China%2C+Korea+and+Japan&rft.edition=Walker&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=264-265&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> Kuhn, Thomas S. (1957). The Copernican Revolution. Harvard University Press. pp. 5–20. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-674-17103-9" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-674-17103-9">0-674-17103-9</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+Thomas+S.&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.btitle=The+Copernican+Revolution&rft.date=1957&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-674-17103-9&rft.pages=5-20&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-practice-21">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-practice_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-practice_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-practice_21-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-practice_21-3">d</a> Evans, James (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=nS51_7qbEWsC&pg=PA17">The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 296–7. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-19-509539-5" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-19-509539-5">978-0-19-509539-5</a>. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-04.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Evans%2C+James&rft.aufirst=James&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Practice+of+Ancient+Astronomy&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-509539-5&rft.pages=296-7&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnS51_7qbEWsC%26pg%3DPA17&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> Francesca Rochberg (2000). "Astronomy and Calendars in Ancient Mesopotamia". Di Jack Sasson. Civilizations of the Ancient Near East III. p. 1930.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Astronomy+and+Calendars+in+Ancient+Mesopotamia&rft.au=Francesca+Rochberg&rft.aulast=Francesca+Rochberg&rft.btitle=Civilizations+of+the+Ancient+Near+East&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=1930&rft.volume=III&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-book-23"><a href="#cite_ref-book_23-0">↑</a> Holden, James Herschel (1996). A History of Horoscopic Astrology. AFA. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-86690-463-6" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-86690-463-6">978-0-86690-463-6</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Holden%2C+James+Herschel&rft.aufirst=James+Herschel&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Horoscopic+Astrology&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-86690-463-6&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=AFA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> Hermann Hunger, ed. (1992). Astrological reports to Assyrian kings. State Archives of Assyria 8. Helsinki University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/951-570-130-9" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/951-570-130-9">951-570-130-9</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Astrological+reports+to+Assyrian+kings&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=951-570-130-9&rft.pub=Helsinki+University+Press&rft.series=State+Archives+of+Assyria&rft.volume=8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> Lambert, W. G.; Reiner, Erica (1987). "Babylonian Planetary Omens. Part One. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablet 63: The Venus Tablet of Ammisaduqa". Journal of the American Oriental Society 107 (1): 93–96. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F602955">10.2307/602955</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (kaca can aya)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/602955">602955</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Babylonian+Planetary+Omens.+Part+One.+Enuma+Anu+Enlil%2C+Tablet+63%3A+The+Venus+Tablet+of+Ammisaduqa&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Oriental+Society&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=W.+G.&rft.au=Lambert%2C%26%2332%3BW.+G.&rft.au=Reiner%2C%26%2332%3BErica&rft.date=1987&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=93%E2%80%9396&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F602955&rft.jstor=602955&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-ancientmes-26"><a href="#cite_ref-ancientmes_26-0">↑</a> Kasak, Enn; Veede, Raul (2001). Mare Kõiva and Andres Kuperjanov. ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folklore.ee/Folklore/vol16/planets.pdf">"Understanding Planets in Ancient Mesopotamia (PDF)"</a> (PDF). Electronic Journal of Folklore (Estonian Literary Museum) 16: 7–35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.folklore.ee/Folklore/vol16/planets.pdf">http://www.folklore.ee/Folklore/vol16/planets.pdf</a>. Diakses pada 2008-02-06.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Understanding+Planets+in+Ancient+Mesopotamia+%28PDF%29&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Journal+of+Folklore&rft.aulast=Kasak%2C+Enn%3B+Veede%2C+Raul&rft.au=Kasak%2C+Enn%3B+Veede%2C+Raul&rft.date=2001&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=7%E2%80%9335&rft.pub=Estonian+Literary+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.folklore.ee%2FFolklore%2Fvol16%2Fplanets.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> A. Sachs (May 2, 1974). "Babylonian Observational Astronomy". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophical_Transactions_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (kaca can aya)">Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society_of_London&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society of London (kaca can aya)">Royal Society of London</a>) 276 (1257): 43–50 [45 & 48–9]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974RSPTA.276...43S">1974RSPTA.276...43S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frsta.1974.0008">10.1098/rsta.1974.0008</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (kaca can aya)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/74273">74273</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Babylonian+Observational+Astronomy&rft.jtitle=%5B%5BPhilosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%5D%5D&rft.aulast=A.+Sachs&rft.au=A.+Sachs&rft.date=May+2%2C+1974&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1257&rft.pages=43%E2%80%9350+%5B45+%26+48%E2%80%939%5D&rft.pub=%5B%5BRoyal+Society+of+London%5D%5D&rft_id=info:bibcode/1974RSPTA.276...43S&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsta.1974.0008&rft.jstor=74273&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-burnet-28"><a href="#cite_ref-burnet_28-0">↑</a> Burnet, John (1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=7yUAmmqHHEgC&pg=PR4">Greek philosophy: Thales to Plato</a>. Macmillan and Co. pp. 7–11. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-1-4067-6601-1" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-1-4067-6601-1">978-1-4067-6601-1</a>. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-07.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Burnet%2C+John&rft.aufirst=John&rft.aulast=Burnet&rft.btitle=Greek+philosophy%3A+Thales+to+Plato&rft.date=1950&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4067-6601-1&rft.pages=7-11&rft.pub=Macmillan+and+Co.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D7yUAmmqHHEgC%26pg%3DPR4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-almagest-29">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-almagest_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-almagest_29-1">b</a> Goldstein, Bernard R. (1997). "Saving the phenomena: the background to Ptolemy's planetary theory". Journal for the History of Astronomy (Cambridge (UK)) 28 (1): 1–12. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997JHA....28....1G">1997JHA....28....1G</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Saving+the+phenomena%3A+the+background+to+Ptolemy%27s+planetary+theory&rft.jtitle=Journal+for+the+History+of+Astronomy&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Bernard+R.&rft.au=Goldstein%2C%26%2332%3BBernard+R.&rft.date=1997&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9312&rft.place=Cambridge+%28UK%29&rft_id=info:bibcode/1997JHA....28....1G&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ptolemy (kaca can aya)">Ptolemy</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=G._J._Toomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G. J. Toomer (kaca can aya)">Toomer, G. J.</a> (1998). Ptolemy's Almagest. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-691-00260-6" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-691-00260-6">978-0-691-00260-6</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Ptolemy&rft.au=Toomer%2C+G.+J.&rft.aulast=Ptolemy&rft.btitle=Ptolemy%27s+Almagest&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-691-00260-6&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> J. J. O'Connor and E. F. Robertson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html">Aryabhata the Elder</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics archive (kaca can aya)">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=K._V._Sarma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="K. V. Sarma (kaca can aya)">Sarma, K. V.</a> (1997) "Astronomy in India" in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helaine_Selin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helaine Selin (kaca can aya)">Selin, Helaine</a> (editor) Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, Kluwer Academic Publishers, <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0792340663" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7923-4066-3</a>, p. 116 </li> <li id="cite_note-MOPM-33">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MOPM_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MOPM_33-1">b</a> =Ramasubramanian, K. (1998). "Model of planetary motion in the works of Kerala astronomers". Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India 26: 11–31 [23–4]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998BASI...26...11R">1998BASI...26...11R</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Model+of+planetary+motion+in+the+works+of+Kerala+astronomers&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+India&rft.aulast=%3DRamasubramanian&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.au=%3DRamasubramanian%2C%26%2332%3BK.&rft.date=1998&rft.volume=26&rft.pages=11%E2%80%9331+%5B23%E2%80%934%5D&rft_id=info:bibcode/1998BASI...26...11R&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> Ramasubramanian etc. (1994) </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal">Sally P. Ragep (2007). "Ibn Sīnā: Abū ʿAlī al‐Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbdallāh ibn Sīnā". The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Ed. Thomas Hockey. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Springer Science+Business Media (kaca can aya)">Springer Science+Business Media</a>. 570–572. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1888/0333750888/3736">10.1888/0333750888/3736</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.au=Sally+P.+Ragep&rft.contributor=Thomas+Hockey&rft.title=Ibn+S%C4%ABn%C4%81%3A+Ab%C5%AB+%CA%BFAl%C4%AB+al%E2%80%90%E1%B8%A4usayn+ibn+%CA%BFAbdall%C4%81h+ibn+S%C4%ABn%C4%81&rft.source=The+Biographical+Encyclopedia+of+Astronomers&rft.publisher=%5B%5BSpringer+Science%2BBusiness+Media%5D%5D&rft.pages=570%E2%80%93572&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1888%2F0333750888%2F3736">  </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> S. M. Razaullah Ansari (2002). History of oriental astronomy: proceedings of the joint discussion-17 at the 23rd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, organised by the Commission 41 (History of Astronomy), held in Kyoto, August 25–26, 1997. Springer. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/1-4020-0657-8" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/1-4020-0657-8">1-4020-0657-8</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=S.+M.+Razaullah+Ansari&rft.aulast=S.+M.+Razaullah+Ansari&rft.btitle=History+of+oriental+astronomy%3A+proceedings+of+the+joint+discussion-17+at+the+23rd+General+Assembly+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union%2C+organised+by+the+Commission+41+%28History+of+Astronomy%29%2C+held+in+Kyoto%2C+August+25%E2%80%9326%2C+1997&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-4020-0657-8&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-transit_catalog-37"><a href="#cite_ref-transit_catalog_37-0">↑</a> Fred Espenak. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/transit/catalog/VenusCatalog.html">"Six millennium catalog of Venus transits: 2000 BCE to 4000 CE"</a>. NASA/GSFC. Diakses tanggal 11 February 2012.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Fred+Espenak&rft.aulast=Fred+Espenak&rft.btitle=Six+millennium+catalog+of+Venus+transits%3A+2000+BCE+to+4000+CE&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA%2FGSFC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Ftransit%2Fcatalog%2FVenusCatalog.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-galileo_project-38">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-galileo_project_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-galileo_project_38-1">b</a> Van Helden, Al (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/theories/copernican_system.html">"Copernican System"</a>. The Galileo Project. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-28.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Van+Helden%2C+Al&rft.aufirst=Al&rft.aulast=Van+Helden&rft.btitle=Copernican+System&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=The+Galileo+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgalileo.rice.edu%2Fsci%2Ftheories%2Fcopernican_system.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> Lihat sitasi utama di <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_discovery_of_Solar_System_planets_and_their_moons#References" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons">Garis waktu penemuan planet-planet Tata Surya dan bulannya</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> Hilton, James L. (2001-09-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070921162818/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">"When Did the Asteroids Become Minor Planets?"</a>. U.S. Naval Observatory. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-09-21. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-08.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Hilton%2C+James+L.&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rft.aulast=Hilton&rft.btitle=When+Did+the+Asteroids+Become+Minor+Planets%3F&rft.date=2001-09-17&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=U.S.+Naval+Observatory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faa.usno.navy.mil%2Ffaq%2Fdocs%2Fminorplanets.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160612180437/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">Archived</a> 2016-06-12 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> Croswell, K. (1997). Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems. The Free Press. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-684-83252-4" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-684-83252-4">978-0-684-83252-4</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Croswell%2C+K.&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.aulast=Croswell&rft.btitle=Planet+Quest%3A+The+Epic+Discovery+of+Alien+Solar+Systems&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-684-83252-4&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=The+Free+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> Lyttleton, Raymond A. (1936). "On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 97: 108. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1936MNRAS..97..108L">1936MNRAS..97..108L</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+the+possible+results+of+an+encounter+of+Pluto+with+the+Neptunian+system&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.aulast=Lyttleton&rft.aufirst=Raymond+A.&rft.au=Lyttleton%2C%26%2332%3BRaymond+A.&rft.date=1936&rft.volume=97&rft.pages=108&rft_id=info:bibcode/1936MNRAS..97..108L&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> Whipple, Fred (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=300311">"The History of the Solar System"</a>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 52 (2): 565–594. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1964PNAS...52..565W">1964PNAS...52..565W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.52.2.565">10.1073/pnas.52.2.565</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (kaca can aya)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC300311">300311</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16591209">16591209</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=300311">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=300311</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Solar+System&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.aulast=Whipple&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.au=Whipple%2C%26%2332%3BFred&rft.date=1964&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=565%E2%80%93594&rft_id=info:bibcode/1964PNAS...52..565W&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.52.2.565&rft_id=info:pmc/300311&rft_id=info:pmid/16591209&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pubmedcentral.nih.gov%2Farticlerender.fcgi%3Ftool%3Dpmcentrez%26artid%3D300311&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> Luu, Jane X.; Jewitt, David C. (1996). "The Kuiper Belt". Scientific American 274 (5): 46–52. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fscientificamerican0596-46">10.1038/scientificamerican0596-46</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Kuiper+Belt&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.aulast=Luu&rft.aufirst=Jane+X.&rft.au=Luu%2C%26%2332%3BJane+X.&rft.au=Jewitt%2C+David+C.&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=274&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=46%E2%80%9352&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fscientificamerican0596-46&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Wolszczan-45">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Wolszczan_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wolszczan_45-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F355145a0">10.1038/355145a0</a> This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can <a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/citations/doibot.php?doi=10.1038%2F355145a0&page=Bintang">jump the queue</a> or <a class="external text" href="https://su.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_doi/10.1038/355145a0&preload=Template:Cite_doi/preload&editintro=Template:Cite_doi/editintro&action=edit">expand by hand</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayor-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Mayor_46-0">↑</a> Mayor, Michel; Queloz, Didier (1995). "A Jupiter-mass companion to a solar-type star". Nature 378 (6356): 355–359. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995Natur.378..355M">1995Natur.378..355M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F378355a0">10.1038/378355a0</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Jupiter-mass+companion+to+a+solar-type+star&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Mayor&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.au=Mayor%2C%26%2332%3BMichel&rft.au=Queloz%2C+Didier&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=378&rft.issue=6356&rft.pages=355%E2%80%93359&rft_id=info:bibcode/1995Natur.378..355M&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F378355a0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astro2006.meta.mediastream.cz/Astro2006-060822-01.asx">"IAU General Assembly: Definition of Planet debate"</a> (.wmv). MediaStream.cz. 2006. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=IAU+General+Assembly%3A+Definition+of+Planet+debate&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=MediaStream.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastro2006.meta.mediastream.cz%2FAstro2006-060822-01.asx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> Basri, Gibor (2000). "Observations of Brown Dwarfs". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 38 (1): 485. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000ARA&A..38..485B">2000ARA&A..38..485B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.38.1.485">10.1146/annurev.astro.38.1.485</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Observations+of+Brown+Dwarfs&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.aulast=Basri&rft.aufirst=Gibor&rft.au=Basri%2C%26%2332%3BGibor&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=485&rft_id=info:bibcode/2000ARA%26A..38..485B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.astro.38.1.485&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> Green, D. W. E. (2006-09-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080624225029/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/08747.pdf">(134340) Pluto, (136199) Eris, and (136199) Eris I (Dysnomia)</a>. Circular No. 8747. Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams, International Astronomical Union. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08700/08747.html">yang asli</a> on June 24, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080624225029/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/08747.pdf">http://web.archive.org/web/20080624225029/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/special/08747.pdf</a>. Diakses pada 2011-07-05.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%28134340%29+Pluto%2C+%28136199%29+Eris%2C+and+%28136199%29+Eris+I+%28Dysnomia%29&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=D.+W.+E.&rft.au=Green%2C%26%2332%3BD.+W.+E.&rft.date=2006-09-13&rft.series=Circular+No.+8747&rft.pub=Central+Bureau+for+Astronomical+Telegrams%2C+International+Astronomical+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20080624225029%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfa.harvard.edu%2Fiau%2Fspecial%2F08747.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> Saumon, D.; Hubbard, W. B.; Burrows, A.; Guillot, T.; Lunine, J. I.; Chabrier, G. (1996). "A Theory of Extrasolar Giant Planets". Astrophysical Journal 460: 993–1018. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9510046">astro-ph/9510046</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996ApJ...460..993S">1996ApJ...460..993S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F177027">10.1086/177027</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Theory+of+Extrasolar+Giant+Planets&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Saumon&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Saumon%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+W.+B.%3B+Burrows%2C+A.%3B+Guillot%2C+T.%3B+Lunine%2C+J.+I.%3B+Chabrier%2C+G.&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=460&rft.pages=993%E2%80%931018&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F9510046&rft_id=info:bibcode/1996ApJ...460..993S&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F177027&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> See for example the list of references for: Butler, R. P. et al. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanets.org/">"Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets"</a>. University of California and the Carnegie Institution. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+P.&rft.aulast=Butler%2C+R.+P.&rft.btitle=Catalog+of+Nearby+Exoplanets&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=University+of+California+and+the+Carnegie+Institution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanets.org%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:CS1_maint:_Explicit_use_of_et_al.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (kaca can aya)">link</a>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119143348/http://exoplanets.org/esp/hd117618/hd117618.shtml">Archived</a> 2008-11-19 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a> Stern, S. Alan (2004-03-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacedaily.com/news/outerplanets-04b.html">"Gravity Rules: The Nature and Meaning of Planethood"</a>. SpaceDaily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.spacedaily.com/news/outerplanets-04b.html">http://www.spacedaily.com/news/outerplanets-04b.html</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gravity+Rules%3A+The+Nature+and+Meaning+of+Planethood&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=S.+Alan&rft.au=Stern%2C%26%2332%3BS.+Alan&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2004-03-22%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=SpaceDaily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacedaily.com%2Fnews%2Fouterplanets-04b.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Cha110913-53"><a href="#cite_ref-Cha110913_53-0">↑</a> Whitney Clavin (2005-11-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/spitzerf-20051129.html">"A Planet With Planets? Spitzer Finds Cosmic Oddball"</a>. NASA. Diakses tanggal 2006-03-26.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Whitney+Clavin&rft.aulast=Whitney+Clavin&rft.btitle=A+Planet+With+Planets%3F+Spitzer+Finds+Cosmic+Oddball&rft.date=2005-11-29&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fvision%2Funiverse%2Fstarsgalaxies%2Fspitzerf-20051129.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121011011111/http://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/spitzerf-20051129.html">Archived</a> 2012-10-11 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_arxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Cite arxiv (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Cite arxiv</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> Basri, Gibor; Brown, Michael E. (2006). "Planetesimals To Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34: 193–216. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0608417">astro-ph/0608417</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AREPS..34..193B">2006AREPS..34..193B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.34.031405.125058">10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Planetesimals+To+Brown+Dwarfs%3A+What+is+a+Planet%3F&rft.jtitle=Ann.+Rev.+Earth+Planet.+Sci.&rft.aulast=Basri%2C+Gibor%3B+Brown%2C+Michael+E.&rft.au=Basri%2C+Gibor%3B+Brown%2C+Michael+E.&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=34&rft.pages=193%E2%80%93216&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0608417&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006AREPS..34..193B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.34.031405.125058&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> Boss, Alan P.; Basri; Kumar; Liebert; Martín; Reipurth; Zinnecker (2003). "Nomenclature: Brown Dwarfs, Gas Giant Planets, and ?". Brown Dwarfs 211: 529. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003IAUS..211..529B">2003IAUS..211..529B</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nomenclature%3A+Brown+Dwarfs%2C+Gas+Giant+Planets%2C+and+%3F&rft.jtitle=Brown+Dwarfs&rft.aulast=Boss%2C+Alan+P.&rft.au=Boss%2C+Alan+P.&rft.au=Basri&rft.au=Kumar&rft.au=Liebert&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADn&rft.au=Reipurth&rft.au=Zinnecker&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=211&rft.pages=529&rft_id=info:bibcode/2003IAUS..211..529B&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-IAU2-57"><a href="#cite_ref-IAU2_57-0">↑</a> Staff (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/release/iau0603/">"IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU resolution votes"</a>. IAU. Diakses tanggal 2007-05-11.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Staff&rft.aulast=Staff&rft.btitle=IAU+2006+General+Assembly%3A+Result+of+the+IAU+resolution+votes&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=IAU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fpublic_press%2Fnews%2Frelease%2Fiau0603%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> Rincon, Paul (2006-08-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4795755.stm">"Planets plan boosts tally 12"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4795755.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4795755.stm</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Planets+plan+boosts+tally+12&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Rincon&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Rincon%2C%26%2332%3BPaul&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2006-08-16%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F4795755.stm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/5282440.stm">"Pluto loses status as a planet"</a>. BBC. 2006-08-24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/5282440.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/5282440.stm</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Pluto+loses+status+as+a+planet&rft.atitle=&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2006-08-24%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2F5282440.stm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> Soter, Steven (2006). "What is a Planet". Astronomical Journal 132 (6): 2513–19. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0608359">astro-ph/0608359</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....132.2513S">2006AJ....132.2513S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F508861">10.1086/508861</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Planet&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.aulast=Soter&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.au=Soter%2C%26%2332%3BSteven&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=2513%E2%80%9319&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0608359&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006AJ....132.2513S&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F508861&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> Rincon, Paul (2006-08-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5283956.stm">"Pluto vote 'hijacked' in revolt"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5283956.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5283956.stm</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Pluto+vote+%27hijacked%27+in+revolt&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Rincon&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Rincon%2C%26%2332%3BPaul&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2006-08-25%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F5283956.stm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> Britt, Robert Roy (2006-08-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060824_planet_definition.html">"Pluto Demoted: No Longer a Planet in Highly Controversial Definition"</a>. Space.com. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Pluto+Demoted%3A+No+Longer+a+Planet+in+Highly+Controversial+Definition&rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&rft.aufirst=Robert+Roy&rft.aulast=Britt&rft.date=2006-08-24&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2F060824_planet_definition.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> Britt, Robert Roy (2006-08-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060831_planet_definition.html">"Pluto: Down But Maybe Not Out"</a>. Space.com. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Pluto%3A+Down+But+Maybe+Not+Out&rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&rft.aufirst=Robert+Roy&rft.aulast=Britt&rft.date=2006-08-31&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2F060831_planet_definition.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> Moskowitz, Clara (2006-10-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html">"Scientist who found '10th planet' discusses downgrading of Pluto"</a>. Stanford news. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html">http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Scientist+who+found+%2710th+planet%27+discusses+downgrading+of+Pluto&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Moskowitz&rft.aufirst=Clara&rft.au=Moskowitz%2C%26%2332%3BClara&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2006-10-18%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=Stanford+news&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews-service.stanford.edu%2Fnews%2F2006%2Foctober18%2Fmbrown-101806.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513221522/http://news.stanford.edu/news/2006/october18/mbrown-101806.html">Archived</a> 2013-05-13 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> Giovanni Cassini (1673). Decouverte de deux Nouvelles Planetes autour de Saturne. Sabastien Mabre-Craniusy. pp. 6–14. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> Hilton, James L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080324182332/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">"When did the asteroids become minor planets?"</a>. U.S. Naval Observatory. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-03-24. Diakses tanggal 2008-05-08.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=When+did+the+asteroids+become+minor+planets%3F&rft.au=Hilton%2C+James+L.&rft.aulast=Hilton%2C+James+L.&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Naval+Observatory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faa.usno.navy.mil%2Ffaq%2Fdocs%2Fminorplanets.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160612180437/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">Archived</a> 2016-06-12 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceweather.com/swpod2006/13sep06/Pollock1.jpg">"The Planet Hygea"</a>. spaceweather.com. 1849. Diakses tanggal 2008-04-18.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=The+Planet+Hygea&rft.date=1849&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=spaceweather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspaceweather.com%2Fswpod2006%2F13sep06%2FPollock1.jpg&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nergal-73"><a href="#cite_ref-nergal_73-0">↑</a> Ross, Kelley L. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friesian.com/week.htm">"The Days of the Week"</a>. The Friesian School. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Ross%2C+Kelley+L.&rft.aufirst=Kelley+L.&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.btitle=The+Days+of+the+Week&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=The+Friesian+School&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friesian.com%2Fweek.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> Cochrane, Ev (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=jz3eqRGuM0wC&pg=PP9&dq=ares+nergal+planet+pestilence">Martian Metamorphoses: The Planet Mars in Ancient Myth and Tradition</a>. Aeon Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-9656229-0-8" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-9656229-0-8">0-9656229-0-8</a>. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-07.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Cochrane%2C+Ev&rft.aufirst=Ev&rft.aulast=Cochrane&rft.btitle=Martian+Metamorphoses%3A+The+Planet+Mars+in+Ancient+Myth+and+Tradition&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-9656229-0-8&rft.pub=Aeon+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Djz3eqRGuM0wC%26pg%3DPP9%26dq%3Dares%2Bnergal%2Bplanet%2Bpestilence&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> Cameron, Alan (2005). Greek Mythography in the Roman World. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-19-517121-7" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-19-517121-7">0-19-517121-7</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Cameron%2C+Alan&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.btitle=Greek+Mythography+in+the+Roman+World&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-19-517121-7&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-zerubavel-76"><a href="#cite_ref-zerubavel_76-0">↑</a> Zerubavel, Eviatar (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=aGahKeojIUoC&pg=PA14">The Seven Day Circle: The History and Meaning of the Week</a>. University of Chicago Press. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-226-98165-7" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-226-98165-7">0-226-98165-7</a>. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-07.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Zerubavel%2C+Eviatar&rft.aufirst=Eviatar&rft.aulast=Zerubavel&rft.btitle=The+Seven+Day+Circle%3A+The+History+and+Meaning+of+the+Week&rft.date=1989&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-226-98165-7&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DaGahKeojIUoC%26pg%3DPA14&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-weekdays-77">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-weekdays_77-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-weekdays_77-1">b</a> Falk, Michael; Koresko, Christopher (1999). "Astronomical Names for the Days of the Week". Journal of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Astronomical_Society_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (kaca can aya)">Royal Astronomical Society of Canada</a> 93: 122–133. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999JRASC..93..122F">1999JRASC..93..122F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.newast.2003.07.002">10.1016/j.newast.2003.07.002</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Astronomical+Names+for+the+Days+of+the+Week&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+%5B%5BRoyal+Astronomical+Society+of+Canada%5D%5D&rft.aulast=Falk&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Falk%2C%26%2332%3BMichael&rft.au=Koresko%2C%26%2332%3BChristopher&rft.date=1999&rft.volume=93&rft.pages=122%E2%80%93133&rft_id=info:bibcode/1999JRASC..93..122F&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.newast.2003.07.002&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50071589?query_type=word&queryword=earth&first=1&max_to_show=10&sort_type=alpha&result_place=1&search_id=7aas-q054tm-4631&hilite=50071589">"earth, n"</a>. Oxford English Dictionary. 1989. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-06.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=earth%2C+n&rft.date=1989&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.oed.com%2Fcgi%2Fentry%2F50071589%3Fquery_type%3Dword%26queryword%3Dearth%26first%3D1%26max_to_show%3D10%26sort_type%3Dalpha%26result_place%3D1%26search_id%3D7aas-q054tm-4631%26hilite%3D50071589&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-etymearth-79">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-etymearth_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymearth_79-1">b</a> Harper, Douglas (2001-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=earth">"Earth"</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Earth&rft.au=Harper%2C+Douglas&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.date=2001-09&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dearth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> Harper, Douglas (2001-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=terrain">"Etymology of "terrain""</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-30.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Etymology+of+%22terrain%22&rft.au=Harper%2C+Douglas&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.date=2001-09&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dterrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> Wetherill, G. W. (1980). "Formation of the Terrestrial Planets". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 18 (1): 77–113. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980ARA&A..18...77W">1980ARA&A..18...77W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.18.090180.000453">10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.000453</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Formation+of+the+Terrestrial+Planets&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.aulast=Wetherill&rft.aufirst=G.+W.&rft.au=Wetherill%2C%26%2332%3BG.+W.&rft.date=1980&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=77%E2%80%93113&rft_id=info:bibcode/1980ARA%26A..18...77W&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.18.090180.000453&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> Inaba, S.; Ikoma, M. (2003). "Enhanced Collisional Growth of a Protoplanet that has an Atmosphere". Astronomy and Astrophysics 410 (2): 711–723. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003A&A...410..711I">2003A&A...410..711I</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20031248">10.1051/0004-6361:20031248</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Enhanced+Collisional+Growth+of+a+Protoplanet+that+has+an+Atmosphere&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.aulast=Inaba%2C+S.%3B+Ikoma%2C+M.&rft.au=Inaba%2C+S.%3B+Ikoma%2C+M.&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=410&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=711%E2%80%93723&rft_id=info:bibcode/2003A%26A...410..711I&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20031248&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> Dutkevitch, Diane (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20071125124958/http://www.astro.umass.edu/theses/dianne/thesis.html">The Evolution of Dust in the Terrestrial Planet Region of Circumstellar Disks Around Young Stars</a>. PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts Amherst. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995PhDT..........D">1995PhDT..........D</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro.umass.edu/theses/dianne/thesis.html">yang asli</a> on 2007-11-25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20071125124958/http://www.astro.umass.edu/theses/dianne/thesis.html">http://web.archive.org/web/20071125124958/http://www.astro.umass.edu/theses/dianne/thesis.html</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+Dust+in+the+Terrestrial+Planet+Region+of+Circumstellar+Disks+Around+Young+Stars&rft.aulast=Dutkevitch&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.au=Dutkevitch%2C%26%2332%3BDiane&rft.date=1995&rft.pub=PhD+thesis%2C+University+of+Massachusetts+Amherst&rft_id=info:bibcode/1995PhDT..........D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20071125124958%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro.umass.edu%2Ftheses%2Fdianne%2Fthesis.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071125124958/http://www.astro.umass.edu/theses/dianne/thesis.html">Archived</a> 2007-11-25 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> Matsuyama, I.; Johnstone, D.; Murray, N. (2005). "Halting Planet Migration by Photoevaporation from the Central Source". The Astrophysical Journal 585 (2): L143–L146. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0302042">astro-ph/0302042</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003astro.ph..2042M">2003astro.ph..2042M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F374406">10.1086/374406</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Halting+Planet+Migration+by+Photoevaporation+from+the+Central+Source&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Matsuyama%2C+I.%3B+Johnstone%2C+D.%3B+Murray%2C+N.&rft.au=Matsuyama%2C+I.%3B+Johnstone%2C+D.%3B+Murray%2C+N.&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=585&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L143%E2%80%93L146&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0302042&rft_id=info:bibcode/2003astro.ph..2042M&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F374406&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> Kenyon, Scott J.; Bromley, Benjamin C. (2006). "Terrestrial Planet Formation. I. The Transition from Oligarchic Growth to Chaotic Growth". Astronomical Journal 131 (3): 1837. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0503568">astro-ph/0503568</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....131.1837K">2006AJ....131.1837K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F499807">10.1086/499807</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~kenyon/pf/terra/index.html">Lay summary</a> – Kenyon, Scott J. Personal web page.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+Planet+Formation.+I.+The+Transition+from+Oligarchic+Growth+to+Chaotic+Growth&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=Scott+J.&rft.au=Kenyon%2C%26%2332%3BScott+J.&rft.au=Bromley%2C+Benjamin+C.&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=1837&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0503568&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006AJ....131.1837K&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F499807&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> Ida, Shigeru; Nakagawa, Yoshitsugu; Nakazawa, Kiyoshi (1987). "The Earth's core formation due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability". Icarus 69 (2): 239. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987Icar...69..239I">1987Icar...69..239I</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2887%2990103-5">10.1016/0019-1035(87)90103-5</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Earth%27s+core+formation+due+to+the+Rayleigh-Taylor+instability&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.aulast=Ida&rft.aufirst=Shigeru&rft.au=Ida%2C%26%2332%3BShigeru&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Yoshitsugu%3B+Nakazawa%2C+Kiyoshi&rft.date=1987&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=239&rft_id=info:bibcode/1987Icar...69..239I&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2887%2990103-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> Kasting, James F. (1993). "Earth's early atmosphere". Science 259 (5097): 920–6. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993Sci...259..920K">1993Sci...259..920K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.11536547">10.1126/science.11536547</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11536547">11536547</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Earth%27s+early+atmosphere&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Kasting&rft.aufirst=James+F.&rft.au=Kasting%2C%26%2332%3BJames+F.&rft.date=1993&rft.volume=259&rft.issue=5097&rft.pages=920%E2%80%936&rft_id=info:bibcode/1993Sci...259..920K&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.11536547&rft_id=info:pmid/11536547&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (2004-01-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/archive/pr0404.html">Lifeless Suns Dominated The Early Universe</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rilis_p%C3%A9rs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rilis pérs (kaca can aya)">Rilis pérs</a>. Diaksés dina 2011-10-23. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/%7Embrown/dps.html">"Astronomer Mike Brown"</a>. Gps.caltech.edu. Diakses tanggal 2011-11-04.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Astronomer+Mike+Brown&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Gps.caltech.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2F%257Embrown%2Fdps.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sheppard-90"><a href="#cite_ref-Sheppard_90-0">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scott_S._Sheppard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scott S. Sheppard (kaca can aya)">Scott S. Sheppard</a> (2013-01-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/">"The Jupiter Satellite Page (Now Also The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page)"</a>. Carnegie Institution for Science. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-12.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Scott+S.+Sheppard&rft.aulast=Scott+S.+Sheppard&rft.btitle=The+Jupiter+Satellite+Page+%28Now+Also+The+Giant+Planet+Satellite+and+Moon+Page%29&rft.date=2013-01-04&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Carnegie+Institution+for+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtm.ciw.edu%2Fusers%2Fsheppard%2Fsatellites%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/WGCCRE/constants/iau2000_table1.html">Rotation and pole position for the Sun and planets</a> Rotation period in days is 360° divided by the coefficient of d. </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Pdflink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Pdflink (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Pdflink</a> pp7–8 </li> <li id="cite_note-Allen296-93">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen296_93-12">m</a> Clabon Walter Allen and Arthur N. Cox (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=w8PK2XFLLH8C&pg=PA296">Allen's Astrophysical Quantities</a>. Springer. p. 296. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0387987460" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0387987460">0387987460</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Clabon+Walter+Allen+and+Arthur+N.+Cox&rft.aulast=Clabon+Walter+Allen+and+Arthur+N.+Cox&rft.btitle=Allen%27s+Astrophysical+Quantities&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0387987460&rft.pages=296&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw8PK2XFLLH8C%26pg%3DPA296&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-negative-94">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-negative_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-negative_94-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-negative_94-2">c</a> This rotation is negative because the pole which points north of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecliptic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecliptic (kaca can aya)">ecliptic</a> rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets. </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> Reference adds about 1 ms to Earth's stellar day given in mean solar time to account for the length of Earth's mean solar day in excess of 86400 SI seconds. </li> <li id="cite_note-Allen-96"><a href="#cite_ref-Allen_96-0">↑</a> Clabon Walter Allen and Arthur N. Cox (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=w8PK2XFLLH8C&pg=PA308">Allen's Astrophysical Quantities</a>. Springer. p. 308. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0387987460" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0387987460">0387987460</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Clabon+Walter+Allen+and+Arthur+N.+Cox&rft.aulast=Clabon+Walter+Allen+and+Arthur+N.+Cox&rft.btitle=Allen%27s+Astrophysical+Quantities&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0387987460&rft.pages=308&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw8PK2XFLLH8C%26pg%3DPA308&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Chamberlain2007-97"><a href="#cite_ref-Chamberlain2007_97-0">↑</a> Chamberlain, Matthew A.; Sykes, Mark V.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A. (2007). "Ceres lightcurve analysis – Period determination". Icarus 188 (2): 451–456. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Icar..188..451C">2007Icar..188..451C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2006.11.025">10.1016/j.icarus.2006.11.025</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ceres+lightcurve+analysis+%E2%80%93+Period+determination&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.aulast=Chamberlain&rft.aufirst=Matthew+A.&rft.au=Chamberlain%2C%26%2332%3BMatthew+A.&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=451%E2%80%93456&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007Icar..188..451C&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2006.11.025&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-mag-98">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-mag_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mag_98-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mag_98-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mag_98-3">d</a> Rotation period of the deep interior is that of the planet's magnetic field. </li> <li id="cite_note-hour-99"><a href="#cite_ref-hour_99-0">↑</a> Pedro Lacerda, David Jewitt and Nuno Peixinho (2008-04-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1538-3881/135/5/1749">"High-Precision Photometry of Extreme KBO 2003 EL61"</a>. The Astronomical Journal 135 (5): 1749–1756. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AJ....135.1749L">2008AJ....135.1749L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F135%2F5%2F1749">10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1749</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1538-3881/135/5/1749">http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1538-3881/135/5/1749</a>. Diakses pada 2008-09-22.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=High-Precision+Photometry+of+Extreme+KBO+2003+EL61&rft.jtitle=The+Astronomical+Journal&rft.aulast=Pedro+Lacerda%2C+David+Jewitt+and+Nuno+Peixinho&rft.au=Pedro+Lacerda%2C+David+Jewitt+and+Nuno+Peixinho&rft.date=2008-04-02&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1749%E2%80%931756&rft_id=info:bibcode/2008AJ....135.1749L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F135%2F5%2F1749&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iop.org%2FEJ%2Fabstract%2F1538-3881%2F135%2F5%2F1749&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/ExoTables/nph-exotbls?dataset=planets">"Exoplanet Archive Planet Counts"</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Exoplanet+Archive+Planet+Counts&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2FExoTables%2Fnph-exotbls%3Fdataset%3Dplanets&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121212212538/http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/ExoTables/nph-exotbls?dataset=planets">Archived</a> 2012-12-12 di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Archive.today&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archive.today (kaca can aya)">Archive.today</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-kepler1700-101"><a href="#cite_ref-kepler1700_101-0">↑</a> Johnson, Michele; Harrington, J.D. (February 26, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/nasas-kepler-mission-announces-a-planet-bonanza/">"NASA's Kepler Mission Announces a Planet Bonanza, 715 New Worlds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Diakses tanggal February 26, 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=NASA%27s+Kepler+Mission+Announces+a+Planet+Bonanza%2C+715+New+Worlds&rft.au=Harrington%2C+J.D.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Michele&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.date=February+26%2C+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fames%2Fkepler%2Fnasas-kepler-mission-announces-a-planet-bonanza%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140226202703/http://www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/nasas-kepler-mission-announces-a-planet-bonanza/">Archived</a> Pébruari 26, 2014, di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog">"The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog - Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo"</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=The+Habitable+Exoplanets+Catalog+-+Planetary+Habitability+Laboratory+%40+UPR+Arecibo&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphl.upr.edu%2Fprojects%2Fhabitable-exoplanets-catalog&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> Kennedy, Barbara (2005-02-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0502/11planet/">"Scientists reveal smallest extra-solar planet yet found"</a>. SpaceFlight Now. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0502/11planet/">http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0502/11planet/</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Scientists+reveal+smallest+extra-solar+planet+yet+found&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.au=Kennedy%2C%26%2332%3BBarbara&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2005-02-11%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=SpaceFlight+Now&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceflightnow.com%2Fnews%2Fn0502%2F11planet%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> European Southern Observatory (2004-08-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0427/">Fourteen Times the Earth</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rilis_p%C3%A9rs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rilis pérs (kaca can aya)">Rilis pérs</a>. Diaksés dina 2011-10-23. </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080602131105.htm">"Small Planet Discovered Orbiting Small Star"</a>. ScienceDaily. 2008. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-06.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Small+Planet+Discovered+Orbiting+Small+Star&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2008%2F06%2F080602131105.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> Beaulieu, J.-P.; D. P. Bennett; P. Fouqué; A. Williams; et al. (2006-01-26). "Discovery of a Cool Planet of 5.5 Earth Masses Through Gravitational Microlensing". Nature 439 (7075): 437–440. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0601563">astro-ph/0601563</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Natur.439..437B">2006Natur.439..437B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04441">10.1038/nature04441</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16437108">16437108</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+a+Cool+Planet+of+5.5+Earth+Masses+Through+Gravitational+Microlensing&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Beaulieu&rft.aufirst=J.-P.&rft.au=Beaulieu%2C%26%2332%3BJ.-P.&rft.au=D.+P.+Bennett%3B+P.+Fouqu%C3%A9%3B+A.+Williams%3B+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.date=2006-01-26&rft.volume=439&rft.issue=7075&rft.pages=437%E2%80%93440&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0601563&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006Natur.439..437B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature04441&rft_id=info:pmid/16437108&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/rocky_planet.html">"NASA'S Kepler Mission Discovers Its First Rocky Planet"</a>. NASA. 2011. Diakses tanggal 2011-06-13.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=NASA%27S+Kepler+Mission+Discovers+Its+First+Rocky+Planet&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ftopics%2Funiverse%2Ffeatures%2Frocky_planet.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150627200219/http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/rocky_planet.html">Archived</a> 2015-06-27 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581">"Gliese 581 d"</a>. The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia. Diakses tanggal 2008-09-13.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Gliese+581+d&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Extrasolar+Planets+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexoplanet.eu%2Fstar.php%3Fst%3DGl%2B581&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510094317/http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Gl+581">Archived</a> 2012-05-10 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6589157.stm">"New 'super-Earth' found in space"</a>. BBC News. 2007-04-25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6589157.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6589157.stm</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=New+%27super-Earth%27+found+in+space&rft.atitle=&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2007-04-25%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fsci%2Ftech%2F6589157.stm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-blo07-110"><a href="#cite_ref-blo07_110-0">↑</a> von Bloh et al.; Bounama, C.; Cuntz, M.; Franck, S. (2007). "The Habitability of Super-Earths in Gliese 581". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_and_Astrophysics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astronomy and Astrophysics (kaca can aya)">Astronomy and Astrophysics</a> 476 (3): 1365–1371. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0705.3758">0705.3758</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007A&A...476.1365V">2007A&A...476.1365V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20077939">10.1051/0004-6361:20077939</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Habitability+of+Super-Earths+in+Gliese+581&rft.jtitle=%5B%5BAstronomy+and+Astrophysics%5D%5D&rft.aulast=von+Bloh+et+al.&rft.au=von+Bloh+et+al.&rft.au=Bounama%2C%26%2332%3BC.&rft.au=Cuntz%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.au=Franck%2C%26%2332%3BS.&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=476&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=1365%E2%80%931371&rft_id=info:arxiv/0705.3758&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007A%26A...476.1365V&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20077939&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> Borucki, William J; Koch; Batalha; Bryson; Rowe; Fressin; Torres; Caldwell et al. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.1640.pdf">"Kepler-22b: A 2.4 Earth-radius Planet in the Habitable Zone of a Sun-like Star"</a>. The Astrophysical Journal 745 (2): 120. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ApJ...745..120B">2012ApJ...745..120B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F745%2F2%2F120">10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/120</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.1640.pdf">http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1112/1112.1640.pdf</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kepler-22b%3A+A+2.4+Earth-radius+Planet+in+the+Habitable+Zone+of+a+Sun-like+Star&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Borucki&rft.aufirst=William+J&rft.au=Borucki%2C%26%2332%3BWilliam+J&rft.au=Koch&rft.au=Batalha&rft.au=Bryson&rft.au=Rowe&rft.au=Fressin&rft.au=Torres&rft.au=Caldwell&rft.au=Christensen-Dalsgaard&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=745&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=120&rft_id=info:bibcode/2012ApJ...745..120B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F745%2F2%2F120&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fftp%2Farxiv%2Fpapers%2F1112%2F1112.1640.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> Lecavelier des Etangs, A.; Vidal-Madjar, A.; McConnell, J. C.; Hébrard, G. (2004). "Atmospheric escape from hot Jupiters". Astronomy and Astrophysics 418 (1): L1–L4. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0403369">astro-ph/0403369</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004A&A...418L...1L">2004A&A...418L...1L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20040106">10.1051/0004-6361:20040106</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+escape+from+hot+Jupiters&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.aulast=Lecavelier+des+Etangs&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Lecavelier+des+Etangs%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.au=Vidal-Madjar%2C+A.%3B+McConnell%2C+J.+C.%3B+H%C3%A9brard%2C+G.&rft.date=2004&rft.volume=418&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=L1%E2%80%93L4&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0403369&rft_id=info:bibcode/2004A%26A...418L...1L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2F0004-6361%3A20040106&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> Anthony R. Curtis (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacetoday.org/DeepSpace/Stars/Planets/PlanetFindingMissions.html">"Future American and European Planet Finding Missions"</a>. Space Today Online. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-06.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Future+American+and+European+Planet+Finding+Missions&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Space+Today+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacetoday.org%2FDeepSpace%2FStars%2FPlanets%2FPlanetFindingMissions.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (2007-02-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/news/251-ssc2007-04-NASA-s-Spitzer-First-To-Crack-Open-Light-of-Faraway-Worlds">NASA's Spitzer First To Crack Open Light of Faraway Worlds</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rilis_p%C3%A9rs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rilis pérs (kaca can aya)">Rilis pérs</a>. Diaksés dina 2011-11-23. </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> Richardson, L. Jeremy; Deming, Drake; Horning, Karen; Seager, Sara; Harrington, Joseph (2007). Nature 445 title=A spectrum of an extrasolar planet (7130): 892–5. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0702507">astro-ph/0702507</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Natur.445..892R">2007Natur.445..892R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature05636">10.1038/nature05636</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17314975">17314975</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=L.+Jeremy&rft.au=Richardson%2C%26%2332%3BL.+Jeremy&rft.au=Deming%2C+Drake%3B+Horning%2C+Karen%3B+Seager%2C+Sara%3B+Harrington%2C+Joseph&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=445+title%3DA+spectrum+of+an+extrasolar+planet&rft.issue=7130&rft.pages=892%E2%80%935&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0702507&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007Natur.445..892R&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature05636&rft_id=info:pmid/17314975&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> Drake, Frank (2003-09-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20110628180502/http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&task=detail&id=610">"The Drake Equation Revisited"</a>. Astrobiology Magazine. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&task=detail&id=610">yang asli</a> on 2011-06-28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20110628180502/http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&task=detail&id=610">http://web.archive.org/web/20110628180502/http://www.astrobio.net/index.php?option=com_retrospection&task=detail&id=610</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Drake+Equation+Revisited&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Drake&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Drake%2C%26%2332%3BFrank&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2003-09-29%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=Astrobiology+Magazine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20110628180502%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrobio.net%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_retrospection%26task%3Ddetail%26id%3D610&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a> G. Basri & E.M. Brown, 2006. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 34: 193–216 </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> Lissauer, J. J. (1987). "Timescales for Planetary Accretion and the Structure of the Protoplanetary disk". Icarus 69 (2): 249–265. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987Icar...69..249L">1987Icar...69..249L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2887%2990104-7">10.1016/0019-1035(87)90104-7</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Timescales+for+Planetary+Accretion+and+the+Structure+of+the+Protoplanetary+disk&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.aulast=Lissauer&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft.au=Lissauer%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+J.&rft.date=1987&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=249%E2%80%93265&rft_id=info:bibcode/1987Icar...69..249L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2887%2990104-7&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Luhman-119">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Luhman_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luhman_119-1">b</a> Luhman, K. L.; Adame, Lucía; D'Alessio, Paola; Calvet, Nuria (2005). "Discovery of a Planetary-Mass Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk". Astrophysical Journal 635 (1): L93. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0511807">astro-ph/0511807</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...635L..93L">2005ApJ...635L..93L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F498868">10.1086/498868</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/spitzerf-20051129.html">Lay summary</a> – NASA Press Release (2005-11-29).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+a+Planetary-Mass+Brown+Dwarf+with+a+Circumstellar+Disk&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Luhman&rft.aufirst=K.+L.&rft.au=Luhman%2C%26%2332%3BK.+L.&rft.au=Adame%2C+Luc%C3%ADa%3B+D%27Alessio%2C+Paola%3B+Calvet%2C+Nuria&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=635&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=L93&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0511807&rft_id=info:bibcode/2005ApJ...635L..93L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F498868&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Clavin-120"><a href="#cite_ref-Clavin_120-0">↑</a> Clavin, Whitney (November 9, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070711171654/http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/happenings/20051129/">"A Planet with Planets? Spitzer Finds Cosmic Oddball"</a>. Spitzer Space Telescope Newsroom. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/Media/happenings/20051129/">versi asli</a> tanggal July 11, 2007. Diakses tanggal 2009-11-18.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=A+Planet+with+Planets%3F+Spitzer+Finds+Cosmic+Oddball&rft.au=Clavin%2C+Whitney&rft.aufirst=Whitney&rft.aulast=Clavin&rft.date=November+9%2C+2005&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spitzer+Space+Telescope+Newsroom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spitzer.caltech.edu%2FMedia%2Fhappenings%2F20051129%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> Close, Laird M. et al.; Zuckerman, B.; Song, Inseok; Barman, Travis; Marois, Christian; Rice, Emily L.; Siegler, Nick; MacIntosh, Bruce et al. (2007). "The Wide Brown Dwarf Binary Oph 1622–2405 and Discovery of A Wide, Low Mass Binary in Ophiuchus (Oph 1623–2402): A New Class of Young Evaporating Wide Binaries?". Astrophysical Journal 660 (2): 1492. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0608574">astro-ph/0608574</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...660.1492C">2007ApJ...660.1492C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F513417">10.1086/513417</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Wide+Brown+Dwarf+Binary+Oph+1622%E2%80%932405+and+Discovery+of+A+Wide%2C+Low+Mass+Binary+in+Ophiuchus+%28Oph+1623%E2%80%932402%29%3A+A+New+Class+of+Young+Evaporating+Wide+Binaries%3F&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Close%2C+Laird+M.+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Close%2C+Laird+M.+%27%27et+al.%27%27&rft.au=Zuckerman%2C%26%2332%3BB.&rft.au=Song%2C%26%2332%3BInseok&rft.au=Barman%2C%26%2332%3BTravis&rft.au=Marois%2C%26%2332%3BChristian&rft.au=Rice%2C%26%2332%3BEmily+L.&rft.au=Siegler%2C%26%2332%3BNick&rft.au=MacIntosh%2C%26%2332%3BBruce&rft.au=Becklin%2C%26%2332%3BE.+E.&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=660&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1492&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0608574&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007ApJ...660.1492C&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F513417&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> Luhman, K. L.; Allers, K. N.; Jaffe, D. T.; Cushing, M. C.; Williams, K. A.; Slesnick, C. L.; Vacca, W. D. (2007). "Ophiuchus 1622–2405: Not a Planetary-Mass Binary". The Astrophysical Journal 659 (2): 1629–36. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0701242">astro-ph/0701242</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...659.1629L">2007ApJ...659.1629L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F512539">10.1086/512539</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ophiuchus+1622%E2%80%932405%3A+Not+a+Planetary-Mass+Binary&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Luhman&rft.aufirst=K.+L.&rft.au=Luhman%2C%26%2332%3BK.+L.&rft.au=Allers%2C%26%2332%3BK.+N.&rft.au=Jaffe%2C%26%2332%3BD.+T.&rft.au=Cushing%2C%26%2332%3BM.+C.&rft.au=Williams%2C%26%2332%3BK.+A.&rft.au=Slesnick%2C%26%2332%3BC.+L.&rft.au=Vacca%2C%26%2332%3BW.+D.&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=659&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1629%E2%80%9336&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0701242&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007ApJ...659.1629L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F512539&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a> Britt, Robert Roy (2004-09-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/planet_photo_040910.html">"Likely First Photo of Planet Beyond the Solar System"</a>. Space.com. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Likely+First+Photo+of+Planet+Beyond+the+Solar+System&rft.au=Britt%2C+Robert+Roy&rft.aufirst=Robert+Roy&rft.aulast=Britt&rft.date=2004-09-10&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fscienceastronomy%2Fplanet_photo_040910.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> Bailes, M.; Bates, S. D.; Bhalerao, V.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Burgay, M.; Burke-Spolaor, S.; d'Amico, N.; Johnston, S. et al. (2011). "Transformation of a Star into a Planet in a Millisecond Pulsar Binary". Science 333 (6050): 1717–20. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.5201">1108.5201</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011Sci...333.1717B">2011Sci...333.1717B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1208890">10.1126/science.1208890</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868629">21868629</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+a+Star+into+a+Planet+in+a+Millisecond+Pulsar+Binary&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Bailes&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Bailes%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.au=Bates%2C%26%2332%3BS.+D.&rft.au=Bhalerao%2C%26%2332%3BV.&rft.au=Bhat%2C%26%2332%3BN.+D.+R.&rft.au=Burgay%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.au=Burke-Spolaor%2C%26%2332%3BS.&rft.au=d%27Amico%2C%26%2332%3BN.&rft.au=Johnston%2C%26%2332%3BS.&rft.au=Keith%2C%26%2332%3BM.+J.&rft.date=2011&rft.volume=333&rft.issue=6050&rft.pages=1717%E2%80%9320&rft_id=info:arxiv/1108.5201&rft_id=info:bibcode/2011Sci...333.1717B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1208890&rft_id=info:pmid/21868629&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-satelliteplanet-125"><a href="#cite_ref-satelliteplanet_125-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.discovery.com/space/should-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.html#post-a-comment">"Should Large Moons Be Called 'Satellite Planets'?"</a>. News.discovery.com. 2010-05-14. Diakses tanggal 2011-11-04.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.btitle=Should+Large+Moons+Be+Called+%27Satellite+Planets%27%3F&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=News.discovery.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.discovery.com%2Fspace%2Fshould-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.html%23post-a-comment&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505221146/http://news.discovery.com/space/should-large-moons-be-called-satellite-planets.html#post-a-comment">Archived</a> 2012-05-05 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_arxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Cite arxiv (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Cite arxiv</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-young-127">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-young_127-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-young_127-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-young_127-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-young_127-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-young_127-4">e</a> Young, Charles Augustus (1902). Manual of Astronomy: A Text Book. Ginn & company. pp. 324–7.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Young%2C+Charles+Augustus&rft.aufirst=Charles+Augustus&rft.aulast=Young&rft.btitle=Manual+of+Astronomy%3A+A+Text+Book&rft.date=1902&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=324-7&rft.pub=Ginn+%26+company&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> Dvorak, R.; Kurths, J.; Freistetter, F. (2005). Chaos And Stability in Planetary Systems. New York: Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/3-540-28208-4" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/3-540-28208-4">3-540-28208-4</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Dvorak%2C+R.%3B+Kurths%2C+J.%3B+Freistetter%2C+F.&rft.aulast=Dvorak%2C+R.%3B+Kurths%2C+J.%3B+Freistetter%2C+F.&rft.btitle=Chaos+And+Stability+in+Planetary+Systems&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-540-28208-4&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a> Moorhead, Althea V.; Adams, Fred C. (2008). "Eccentricity evolution of giant planet orbits due to circumstellar disk torques". Icarus 193 (2): 475. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0708.0335">0708.0335</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008Icar..193..475M">2008Icar..193..475M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2007.07.009">10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.009</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eccentricity+evolution+of+giant+planet+orbits+due+to+circumstellar+disk+torques&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.aulast=Moorhead%2C+Althea+V.%3B+Adams%2C+Fred+C.&rft.au=Moorhead%2C+Althea+V.%3B+Adams%2C+Fred+C.&rft.date=2008&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=475&rft_id=info:arxiv/0708.0335&rft_id=info:bibcode/2008Icar..193..475M&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2007.07.009&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/topics/planets/KuiperBelt.html">"Planets – Kuiper Belt Objects"</a>. The Astrophysics Spectator. 2004-12-15. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Planets+%E2%80%93+Kuiper+Belt+Objects&rft.date=2004-12-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysics+Spectator&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrophysicsspectator.com%2Ftopics%2Fplanets%2FKuiperBelt.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a> Tatum, J. B. (2007). "17. Visual binary stars". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astrowww.phys.uvic.ca/~tatum/celmechs.html">Celestial Mechanics</a>. Personal web page. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-02.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=17.+Visual+binary+stars&rft.au=Tatum%2C+J.+B.&rft.aufirst=J.+B.&rft.aulast=Tatum&rft.btitle=Celestial+Mechanics&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Personal+web+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fastrowww.phys.uvic.ca%2F~tatum%2Fcelmechs.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a> Trujillo, Chadwick A.; Brown, Michael E. (2002). "A Correlation between Inclination and Color in the Classical Kuiper Belt". Astrophysical Journal 566 (2): L125. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0201040">astro-ph/0201040</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002ApJ...566L.125T">2002ApJ...566L.125T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F339437">10.1086/339437</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Correlation+between+Inclination+and+Color+in+the+Classical+Kuiper+Belt&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Trujillo&rft.aufirst=Chadwick+A.&rft.au=Trujillo%2C%26%2332%3BChadwick+A.&rft.au=Brown%2C+Michael+E.&rft.date=2002&rft.volume=566&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L125&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0201040&rft_id=info:bibcode/2002ApJ...566L.125T&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F339437&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Weather-133">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Weather_133-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weather_133-1">b</a> Harvey, Samantha (2006-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/scitech/display.cfm?ST_ID=725">"Weather, Weather, Everywhere?"</a>. NASA. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Samantha&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.btitle=Weather%2C+Weather%2C+Everywhere%3F&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.nasa.gov%2Fscitech%2Fdisplay.cfm%3FST_ID%3D725&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090414055517/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/scitech/display.cfm?ST_ID=725">Archived</a> 2009-04-14 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a> Winn, Joshua N.; Holman, Matthew J. (2005). "Obliquity Tides on Hot Jupiters". The Astrophysical Journal 628 (2): L159. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0506468">astro-ph/0506468</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...628L.159W">2005ApJ...628L.159W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F432834">10.1086/432834</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obliquity+Tides+on+Hot+Jupiters&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Winn%2C+Joshua+N.%3B+Holman%2C+Matthew+J.&rft.au=Winn%2C+Joshua+N.%3B+Holman%2C+Matthew+J.&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=628&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=L159&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0506468&rft_id=info:bibcode/2005ApJ...628L.159W&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F432834&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a> Goldstein, R. M.; Carpenter, R. L. (1963). "Rotation of Venus: Period Estimated from Radar Measurements". Science 139 (3558): 910–1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1963Sci...139..910G">1963Sci...139..910G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.139.3558.910">10.1126/science.139.3558.910</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17743054">17743054</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rotation+of+Venus%3A+Period+Estimated+from+Radar+Measurements&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Goldstein%2C+R.+M.%3B+Carpenter%2C+R.+L.&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+R.+M.%3B+Carpenter%2C+R.+L.&rft.date=1963&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=3558&rft.pages=910%E2%80%931&rft_id=info:bibcode/1963Sci...139..910G&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.139.3558.910&rft_id=info:pmid/17743054&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a> Belton, M. J. S.; Terrile R. J. (1984). Rotational properties of Uranus and Neptune. Dalam Bergstralh, J. T.. "Uranus and Neptune". In its Uranus and Neptune pp. 327–347 (SEE N85-11927 02-91) 2330: 327. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984urnp.nasa..327B">1984urnp.nasa..327B</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uranus+and+Neptune&rft.jtitle=In+its+Uranus+and+Neptune+pp.+327%E2%80%93347+%28SEE+N85-11927+02-91%29&rft.aulast=Belton&rft.aufirst=M.+J.+S.&rft.au=Belton%2C%26%2332%3BM.+J.+S.&rft.au=Terrile+R.+J.&rft.date=1984&rft.volume=2330&rft.pages=327&rft_id=info:bibcode/1984urnp.nasa..327B&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a> Borgia, Michael P. (2006). The Outer Worlds; Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and Beyond. Springer New York. pp. 195–206.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Borgia%2C+Michael+P.&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rft.aulast=Borgia&rft.btitle=The+Outer+Worlds%3B+Uranus%2C+Neptune%2C+Pluto%2C+and+Beyond&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=195-206&rft.pub=Springer+New+York&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-araa31-138"><a href="#cite_ref-araa31_138-0">↑</a> Lissauer, Jack J. (1993). "Planet formation". Annual review of astronomy and astrophysics. 31 (A94-12726 02–90) (1): 129–174. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ARA&A..31..129L">1993ARA&A..31..129L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.31.090193.001021">10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.001021</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Planet+formation&rft.jtitle=Annual+review+of+astronomy+and+astrophysics&rft.aulast=Lissauer&rft.aufirst=Jack+J.&rft.au=Lissauer%2C%26%2332%3BJack+J.&rft.date=1993&rft.series=31&rft.volume=%28A94-12726+02%E2%80%9390%29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=129%E2%80%93174&rft_id=info:bibcode/1993ARA%26A..31..129L&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.aa.31.090193.001021&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a> Strobel, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomynotes.com/tables/tablesb.htm">"Planet tables"</a>. astronomynotes.com. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-01.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Strobel%2C+Nick&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft.aulast=Strobel&rft.btitle=Planet+tables&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=astronomynotes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomynotes.com%2Ftables%2Ftablesb.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a> Zarka, Philippe; Treumann, Rudolf A.; Ryabov, Boris P.; Ryabov, Vladimir B. (2001). "Magnetically-Driven Planetary Radio Emissions and Application to Extrasolar Planets". Astrophysics & Space Science 277 (1/2): 293. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Ap&SS.277..293Z">2001Ap&SS.277..293Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1012221527425">10.1023/A:1012221527425</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Magnetically-Driven+Planetary+Radio+Emissions+and+Application+to+Extrasolar+Planets&rft.jtitle=Astrophysics+%26+Space+Science&rft.aulast=Zarka&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.au=Zarka%2C%26%2332%3BPhilippe&rft.au=Treumann%2C+Rudolf+A.%3B+Ryabov%2C+Boris+P.%3B+Ryabov%2C+Vladimir+B.&rft.date=2001&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=293&rft_id=info:bibcode/2001Ap%26SS.277..293Z&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1012221527425&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_arxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Cite arxiv (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Cite arxiv</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Brown" title="Michael E. Brown">Brown, Michael E.</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dwarfplanets/">"The Dwarf Planets"</a>. California Institute of Technology. Diakses tanggal 2008-02-01.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=The+Dwarf+Planets&rft.au=Brown%2C+Michael+E.&rft.aufirst=Michael+E.&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Institute+of+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2F~mbrown%2Fdwarfplanets%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=exoplanet-catalogue">How One Astronomer Became the Unofficial Exoplanet Record-Keeper</a>, www.scientificamerican.com </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_arxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citakan:Cite arxiv (kaca can aya)">Citakan:Cite arxiv</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-terrestrial-145">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-terrestrial_145-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-terrestrial_145-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/ast121/lectures/lec16.html">"Planetary Interiors"</a>. Department of Physics, University of Oregon. Diakses tanggal 2008-08-23.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Planetary+Interiors&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Physics%2C+University+of+Oregon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabyss.uoregon.edu%2F~js%2Fast121%2Flectures%2Flec16.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808155809/http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/ast121/lectures/lec16.html">Archived</a> 2012-08-08 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a> Elkins-Tanton, Linda T. (2006). Jupiter and Saturn. New York: Chelsea House. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-8160-5196-8" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-8160-5196-8">0-8160-5196-8</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Elkins-Tanton%2C+Linda+T.&rft.aufirst=Linda+T.&rft.aulast=Elkins-Tanton&rft.btitle=Jupiter+and+Saturn&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8160-5196-8&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Chelsea+House&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0032-0633%2895%2900061-5">10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5</a> This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can <a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/citations/doibot.php?doi=10.1016%2F0032-0633%2895%2900061-5&page=Bintang">jump the queue</a> or <a class="external text" href="https://su.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_doi/10.1016/0032-0633(95)00061-5&preload=Template:Cite_doi/preload&editintro=Template:Cite_doi/editintro&action=edit">expand by hand</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> Hunten D. M., Shemansky D. E., Morgan T. H. (1988), The Mercury atmosphere, In: Mercury (A89-43751 19–91). University of Arizona Press, pp. 562–612 </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F426329"> 10.1086/426329 </a> This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can <a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/citations/doibot.php?doi=10.1086%2F426329&page=Bintang">jump the queue</a> or <a class="external text" href="https://su.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Cite_doi/10.1086/426329&preload=Template:Cite_doi/preload&editintro=Template:Cite_doi/editintro&action=edit">expand by hand</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-zeilik-150"><a href="#cite_ref-zeilik_150-0">↑</a> Zeilik, Michael A.; Gregory, Stephan A. (1998). Introductory Astronomy & Astrophysics (4th ed.). Saunders College Publishing. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/0-03-006228-4" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/0-03-006228-4">0-03-006228-4</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Gregory%2C+Stephan+A.&rft.au=Zeilik%2C+Michael+A.&rft.aufirst=Michael+A.&rft.aulast=Zeilik&rft.btitle=Introductory+Astronomy+%26+Astrophysics&rft.date=1998&rft.edition=4th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-03-006228-4&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Saunders+College+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-knutson-151">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-knutson_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-knutson_151-1">b</a> Knutson, Heather A.; Charbonneau, David; Allen, Lori E.; Fortney, Jonathan J. (2007). "A map of the day-night contrast of the extrasolar planet HD 189733 b". Nature 447 (7141): 183–6. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0705.0993">0705.0993</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Natur.447..183K">2007Natur.447..183K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature05782">10.1038/nature05782</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17495920">17495920</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2007/pr200713.html">Lay summary</a> – Center for Astrophysics press release (2007-05-09).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+map+of+the+day-night+contrast+of+the+extrasolar+planet+HD+189733+b&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Knutson&rft.aufirst=Heather+A.&rft.au=Knutson%2C%26%2332%3BHeather+A.&rft.au=Charbonneau%2C+David%3B+Allen%2C+Lori+E.%3B+Fortney%2C+Jonathan+J.&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=447&rft.issue=7141&rft.pages=183%E2%80%936&rft_id=info:arxiv/0705.0993&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007Natur.447..183K&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature05782&rft_id=info:pmid/17495920&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">↑</a> Space Telescope Science Institute (2007-01-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2007/07/full/">Hubble Probes Layer-cake Structure of Alien World's Atmosphere</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rilis_p%C3%A9rs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rilis pérs (kaca can aya)">Rilis pérs</a>. Diaksés dina 2011-10-23. </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> Ballester, Gilda E.; Sing, David K.; Herbert, Floyd (2007). "The signature of hot hydrogen in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b". Nature 445 (7127): 511–4. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007Natur.445..511B">2007Natur.445..511B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature05525">10.1038/nature05525</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17268463">17268463</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+signature+of+hot+hydrogen+in+the+atmosphere+of+the+extrasolar+planet+HD+209458b&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Ballester&rft.aufirst=Gilda+E.&rft.au=Ballester%2C%26%2332%3BGilda+E.&rft.au=Sing%2C+David+K.%3B+Herbert%2C+Floyd&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=7127&rft.pages=511%E2%80%934&rft_id=info:bibcode/2007Natur.445..511B&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature05525&rft_id=info:pmid/17268463&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> Harrington, Jason; Hansen, Brad M.; Luszcz, Statia H.; Seager, Sara (2006). "The phase-dependent infrared brightness of the extrasolar planet Andromeda b". Science 314 (5799): 623–6. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (kaca can aya)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0610491">astro-ph/0610491</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Sci...314..623H">2006Sci...314..623H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1133904">10.1126/science.1133904</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (kaca can aya)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17038587">17038587</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/spitzer-20061012.html">Lay summary</a> – NASA press release (2006-10-12).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+phase-dependent+infrared+brightness+of+the+extrasolar+planet+Andromeda+b&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Harrington&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Harrington%2C%26%2332%3BJason&rft.au=Hansen%2C+Brad+M.%3B+Luszcz%2C+Statia+H.%3B+Seager%2C+Sara&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=5799&rft.pages=623%E2%80%936&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0610491&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006Sci...314..623H&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1133904&rft_id=info:pmid/17038587&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Kivelson2007-155">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kivelson2007_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kivelson2007_155-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kivelson2007_155-2">c</a> Kivelson, Margaret Galland; Bagenal, Fran (2007). "Planetary Magnetospheres". Di Lucyann Mcfadden, Paul Weissman, Torrence Johnson. Encyclopedia of the Solar System. Academic Press. p. 519. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-12-088589-3" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/978-0-12-088589-3">978-0-12-088589-3</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Planetary+Magnetospheres&rft.au=Bagenal%2C+Fran&rft.au=Kivelson%2C+Margaret+Galland&rft.aufirst=Margaret+Galland&rft.aulast=Kivelson&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Solar+System&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-12-088589-3&rft.pages=519&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> Gefter, Amanda (2004-01-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=2090">"Magnetic planet"</a>. Astronomy. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-29.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.atitle=Magnetic+planet&rft.au=Gefter%2C+Amanda&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.aulast=Gefter&rft.date=2004-01-17&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomy.com%2Fasy%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fc%3Da%26id%3D2090&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Grasset2000-157"><a href="#cite_ref-Grasset2000_157-0">↑</a> Grasset, O.; Sotin C.; Deschamps F. (2000). "On the internal structure and dynamic of Titan". Planetary and Space Science 48 (7–8): 617–636. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000P&SS...48..617G">2000P&SS...48..617G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0032-0633%2800%2900039-8">10.1016/S0032-0633(00)00039-8</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+the+internal+structure+and+dynamic+of+Titan&rft.jtitle=Planetary+and+Space+Science&rft.aulast=Grasset&rft.aufirst=O.&rft.au=Grasset%2C%26%2332%3BO.&rft.au=Sotin+C.%3B+Deschamps+F.&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7%E2%80%938&rft.pages=617%E2%80%93636&rft_id=info:bibcode/2000P%26SS...48..617G&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0032-0633%2800%2900039-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Fortes2000-158"><a href="#cite_ref-Fortes2000_158-0">↑</a> Fortes, A. D. (2000). "Exobiological implications of a possible ammonia-water ocean inside Titan". Icarus 146 (2): 444–452. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000Icar..146..444F">2000Icar..146..444F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.2000.6400">10.1006/icar.2000.6400</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exobiological+implications+of+a+possible+ammonia-water+ocean+inside+Titan&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.aulast=Fortes%2C+A.+D.&rft.au=Fortes%2C+A.+D.&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=444%E2%80%93452&rft_id=info:bibcode/2000Icar..146..444F&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ficar.2000.6400&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">↑</a> Jones, Nicola (2001-12-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1647">"Bacterial explanation for Europa's rosy glow"</a>. New Scientist Print Edition. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1647">http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1647</a>. Diakses pada 2008-08-23<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bacterial+explanation+for+Europa%27s+rosy+glow&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist+Print+Edition&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Nicola&rft.au=Jones%2C%26%2332%3BNicola&rft.date=%3Cspan+class%3D%22bday+dtstart+updated%22%3E2001-12-11%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle.ns%3Fid%3Ddn1647&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> Molnar, L. A.; Dunn, D. E.; Dunn (1996). "On the Formation of Planetary Rings". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 28: 77–115. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (kaca can aya)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996DPS....28.1815M">1996DPS....28.1815M</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+the+Formation+of+Planetary+Rings&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Astronomical+Society&rft.aulast=Molnar%2C+L.+A.%3B+Dunn%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Molnar%2C+L.+A.%3B+Dunn%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Dunn&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=28&rft.pages=77%E2%80%93115&rft_id=info:bibcode/1996DPS....28.1815M&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Bintang">  </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> Thérése, Encrenaz (2004). The Solar System (Third ed.). Springer. pp. 388–390. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Husus:SumberPustaka/3-540-00241-3" title="Husus:SumberPustaka/3-540-00241-3">3-540-00241-3</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsu.wikipedia.org%3ABintang&rft.au=Th%C3%A9r%C3%A9se%2C+Encrenaz&rft.aufirst=Encrenaz&rft.aulast=Th%C3%A9r%C3%A9se&rft.btitle=The+Solar+System&rft.date=2004&rft.edition=Third&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-540-00241-3&rft.pages=388-390&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&veaction=edit&section=41" title="Édit bab: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">édit</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintang&action=edit&section=41" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar">édit sumber</a>]</div> <table class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa; background-color:#f9f9f9;" align="right"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> mibanda média séjénna nu patali jeung <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Planets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Planets">Planets </a>. </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gambar:Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiktionary logo"><img alt="Wiktionary logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg/75px-Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg/100px-Wiktionary-logo-su-without-text.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Wiktionary logo</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Baca ogé pedaran <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary">Wikikamus</a> ngeunaan kecap <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://su.wiktionary.org/wiki/planet" class="extiw" title="wikt:planet">planet</a></div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/">International Astronomical Union website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/">Photojournal NASA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/">NASA Planet Quest – Exoplanet Exploration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.co-intelligence.org/newsletter/comparisons.html">Illustration comparing the sizes of the planets with each other, the Sun, and other stars</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20071214043704/http://www.iau.org/STATUS_OF_PLUTO.238.0.html">"IAU Press Releases since 1999 "The status of Pluto: A Clarification""</a>. 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