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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_bean" title="Cocoa bean">Cocoa</a> production is important to the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">economy of Nigeria</a>. Cocoa is the leading agricultural export of the country and Nigeria is currently the world's fourth largest producer of cocoa, after Ivory Coast, Indonesia and Ghana,<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the third largest exporter, after Ivory Coast and Ghana.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crop was a major foreign exchange earner for Nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s and in 1970 the country was the second largest producer in the world but following investments in the oil sector in the 1970s and 1980s, Nigeria's share of world output declined. In 2010, cocoa production accounted for only 0.3% of agricultural GDP.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Average cocoa beans production in Nigeria between 2000 and 2010 was 389,272 tonnes per year <sup id="cite_ref-FAO_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rising from 170,000 tonnes produced in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-IITA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IITA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocoa_production_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest cocoa farms in Nigeria were in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Jaden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingdom of Jaden (page does not exist)">Bonny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calabar" title="Calabar">Calabar</a> in the 1870s but the area proved not suitable for cultivation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1880, a cocoa farm was established in Lagos and later, a few more farms were established in <a href="/wiki/Agege" title="Agege">Agege</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ota,_Ogun" title="Ota, Ogun">Ota</a>. From the farms in Agege and Ota information disseminated to the <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people" title="Yoruba people">Yoruba</a> hinterland about cocoa farming, thereafter, planting of the tree expanded in Western Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-Lewis_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lewis-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farmers in <a href="/wiki/Ibadan" title="Ibadan">Ibadan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egba_people" title="Egba people">Egba</a> land began experimenting with planting cocoa in uncultivated forests in 1890 and those in <a href="/wiki/Ilesha" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilesha">Ilesha</a> started around 1896. The planting of cocoa later spread to <a href="/wiki/Ile_Oluji/Okeigbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ile Oluji/Okeigbo">Okeigbo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ondo_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Ondo City">Ondo Town</a> both in Ondo State, <a href="/wiki/Ile-Ife" class="mw-redirect" title="Ile-Ife">Ife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gbongan" title="Gbongan">Gbongan</a> in Osun State and also in Ekiti land.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before 1950, there were two main varieties of cocoa planted in Nigeria. The major one was Amelonado cacao which was imported from the upper <a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon river Basin</a> in Brazil. The second was a heterogeneous strain from Trinidad. The Amelonado pods are green but turning yellow when ripe but the Trinidad variety is red.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation_and_trade">Cultivation and trade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocoa_production_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cultivation and trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocoa_nursery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cocoa_nursery.jpg/220px-Cocoa_nursery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cocoa_nursery.jpg/330px-Cocoa_nursery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cocoa_nursery.jpg/440px-Cocoa_nursery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Cocoa nursery</figcaption></figure> <p>Cocoa flourishes in areas that are not more than 20 degrees north or south of the equator.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trees respond well in regions with high temperature and distributed rainfall. In Nigeria, the cocoa tree is grown from seedlings which are raised in nurseries, when the seedlings reach a height of 3 cm they are transplanted at a distance of 3 to 4 meters. The cultivation of cocoa is done by many smallscale farmers on farmlands of around 2 hectares while export is dominated by a few firms.<sup id="cite_ref-Farm_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farm-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The major states that produce cocoa are <a href="/wiki/Ondo_State" title="Ondo State">Ondo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogun_State" title="Ogun State">Ogun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akwa-Ibom_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Akwa-Ibom State">Akwa Ibom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekiti_State" title="Ekiti State">Ekiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osun_State" title="Osun State">Osun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oyo_State" title="Oyo State">Oyo</a>. </p><p>Historically Nigeria's cocoa production was marketed through a monopsony by marketing boards created by the government. In the 1980s the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> advised Nigeria to liberalize the sector because the marketing boards were ineffective. In 1986, Nigeria dissolved the marketing boards and liberalized cocoa marketing and trade. However, trade has not yielded the anticipated results, in addition, aging trees and farms, low yields, inconsistent production patterns, disease incidence, pest attack and little agricultural mechanization has contributed to a stagnant cocoa industry. Currently, farmers sell their products indirectly through a cooperative or a licensed buying agent who in turn sell it to exporting firms.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nigerian government must enact policies that protect local players in the cocoa value chain.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocoa_production_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FAO-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FAO_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FAO_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FAO_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/3/a-at586e.pdf">"Analysis of Incentives and Disincentives for Cocoa in Nigeria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. FAO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+Incentives+and+Disincentives+for+Cocoa+in+Nigeria&rft.pub=FAO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2F3%2Fa-at586e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocoa+production+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerterBečvářová,_V.2014" class="citation journal cs1">Verter, N.; Bečvářová, V. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.umn.edu/196590">"Analysis of Some Drivers of Cocoa Export in Nigeria in the Era of Trade Liberalization"</a>. <i>Agris On-Line Papers in Economics & Informatics</i>. <b>6</b> (4): 208–218.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agris+On-Line+Papers+in+Economics+%26+Informatics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Some+Drivers+of+Cocoa+Export+in+Nigeria+in+the+Era+of+Trade+Liberalization&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=208-218&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Verter&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.au=Be%C4%8Dv%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1%2C+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.umn.edu%2F196590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocoa+production+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IITA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IITA_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iita.org/c/document_library/get_file?p_l_id=98898&folderId=499025&name=DLFE-3009.pdf">"Cocoa Development in Nigeria: The Strategic Role of STCP"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Punch+Newspapers&rft.atitle=Idanre+tells+sad+story+of+Nigeria%E2%80%99s+cocoa+industry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpunchng.com%2Fidanre-tells-sad-story-of-nigerias-cocoa-industry%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocoa+production+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewis-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lewis_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Arthur_Lewis2010" class="citation book cs1">William Arthur Lewis (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BNOCQgAACAAJ"><i>Tropical Development, 1880-1913: Studies in Economic Progres</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415381925" title="Special:BookSources/9780415381925"><bdi>9780415381925</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tropical+Development%2C+1880-1913%3A+Studies+in+Economic+Progres&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780415381925&rft.au=William+Arthur+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBNOCQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocoa+production+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berry. P. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berry, S. (1975). Cocoa, custom, and socio-economic change in rural Western Nigeria. Oxford: Clarendon Press. P. 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ofori-Boateng, K., & Insah, B. (2014). The impact of climate change on cocoa production in west africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 6(3), 296</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farm-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Farm_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AVS8BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA8">"Post-Liberalization Markets, Export Firm Concentration, and Price Transmission along Nigeria's Cocoa Supply Chain"</a>. AGRODEP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Post-Liberalization+Markets%2C+Export+Firm+Concentration%2C+and+Price+Transmission+along+Nigeria%27s+Cocoa+Supply+Chain&rft.pub=AGRODEP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAVS8BAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACocoa+production+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nigerianfinder.com/cocoa-production-in-nigeria/">"Cocoa Production in Nigeria: How to Start in 2019"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_chocolate" title="Types of chocolate"><span style="color:white">Types</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baking_chocolate" title="Baking chocolate">Baking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_chocolate" title="Dark chocolate">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianduja_(chocolate)" title="Gianduja (chocolate)">Gianduja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_chocolate" title="Milk chocolate">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_chocolate" title="Organic chocolate">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_chocolate" title="Raw chocolate">Raw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_chocolate" title="Ruby chocolate">Ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_chocolate" title="White chocolate">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caff%C3%A8_mocha" title="Caffè mocha">Caffè mocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_bar" title="Chocolate bar">Chocolate bar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chocolate_bar_brands" title="List of chocolate bar brands">Brands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_biscuit" title="Chocolate biscuit">Chocolate biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_brownie" title="Chocolate brownie">Chocolate brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_cake" title="Chocolate cake">Chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_chip_cookie" title="Chocolate chip cookie">Chocolate chip cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_chip" title="Chocolate chip">Chocolate chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_coin" title="Chocolate coin">Chocolate coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_crackles" title="Chocolate crackles">Chocolate crackles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_gravy" title="Chocolate gravy">Chocolate gravy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_ice_cream" title="Chocolate ice cream">Chocolate ice cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_liqueur" title="Chocolate liqueur">Chocolate liqueur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_milk" title="Chocolate milk">Chocolate milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_pudding" title="Chocolate pudding">Chocolate pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_spread" title="Chocolate spread">Chocolate spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_syrup" title="Chocolate syrup">Chocolate syrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_truffle" title="Chocolate truffle">Chocolate truffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cioccolato_di_Modica" title="Cioccolato di Modica">Cioccolato di Modica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fudge" title="Fudge">Fudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganache" title="Ganache">Ganache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">Hot chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chocolate_drinks" title="List of chocolate drinks">Other beverages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chocolate-covered_foods" title="List of chocolate-covered foods">Chocolate-covered foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mint_chocolate" title="Mint chocolate">Mint chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mole_(sauce)" title="Mole (sauce)">Mole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerated_chocolate" title="Aerated chocolate">Aerated chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broma_process" title="Broma process">Broma process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conching" title="Conching">Conching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_process_cocoa" title="Dutch process cocoa">Dutch process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrober" title="Enrober">Enrober</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_crust" title="Sugar crust">Sugar crust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempered_chocolate" title="Tempered chocolate">Tempering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bean-to-bar" title="Bean-to-bar">Bean-to-bar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bean-to-bar_chocolate_manufacturers" title="List of bean-to-bar chocolate manufacturers">Manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Chocolate" title="Big Chocolate">Big Chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolaterie" title="Chocolaterie">Chocolaterie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolatier" title="Chocolatier">Chocolatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire%E2%80%93Ghana_Cocoa_Initiative" title="Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Cocoa Initiative">Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Cocoa Initiative</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_Chocolate" title="The Dark Side of Chocolate">The Dark Side of Chocolate</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_cocoa_production" title="Environmental impact of cocoa production">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Cocoa_and_Chocolate_Directive" title="European Cocoa and Chocolate Directive">European Cocoa and Chocolate Directive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade_cocoa" title="Fair trade cocoa">Fair trade cocoa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_cocoa_production" title="Child labour in cocoa production">Child labour in cocoa production</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkin%E2%80%93Engel_Protocol" title="Harkin–Engel Protocol">Harkin–Engel Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cocoa_Organization" title="International Cocoa Organization">International Cocoa Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cocoa_Quarantine_Centre" title="International Cocoa Quarantine Centre">International Cocoa Quarantine Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_industry_in_the_Philippines" title="Chocolate industry in the Philippines">Philippine chocolate industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_production_in_Ghana" title="Cocoa production in Ghana">Production in Ghana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Cocoa_Board" title="Ghana Cocoa Board">Ghana Cocoa Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_production_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Cocoa production in Ivory Coast">Production in Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Production in Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_production_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Cocoa production in São Tomé and Príncipe">Production in São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cocoa_Foundation" title="World Cocoa Foundation">World Cocoa Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_chocolate" title="Belgian chocolate">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_chocolate" title="French chocolate">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_chocolate" title="Swiss chocolate">Switzerland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #7B3F00; color: white;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_addiction" title="Chocolate addiction">Chocolate addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_bloom" title="Chocolate bloom">Chocolate bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_fountain" title="Chocolate fountain">Chocolate fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chocolate_museums" title="List of chocolate museums">Chocolate museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chocolatiers" title="List of chocolatiers">Chocolatiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_smuggling" title="Cocoa smuggling">Cocoa smuggling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_chocolate" title="History of chocolate">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_in_savory_cooking" title="Chocolate in savory cooking">In savory cooking</a></li> <li>Military chocolate <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_chocolate_(Switzerland)" title="Military chocolate (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_chocolate_(United_States)" title="Military chocolate (United States)">United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #7B3F00; color: white;"><div><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span 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