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id="toc-Industrial_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Industrial use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Introduction_of_internal_combustion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Introduction_of_internal_combustion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Introduction of internal combustion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Introduction_of_internal_combustion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_World_War_and_later" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War_and_later"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>First World War and later</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War_and_later-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Improvements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Improvements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Improvements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Improvements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Improvements subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Improvements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Heavy-duty_tracks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heavy-duty_tracks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Heavy-duty tracks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heavy-duty_tracks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fastest_trains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fastest_trains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Fastest trains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fastest_trains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gauges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gauges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gauges</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gauges-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gauges subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gauges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Just_under_standard_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Just_under_standard_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Just under standard gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Just_under_standard_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-4_ft_7+3⁄4_in_(1,416_mm)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4_ft_7+3⁄4_in_(1,416_mm)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span><span>4 ft <span>7<span>+</span><span>3</span>⁄<span>4</span></span> in</span> (<span>1,416 mm</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4_ft_7+3⁄4_in_(1,416_mm)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-4_ft_6_in_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4_ft_6_in_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>4 ft 6 in gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4_ft_6_in_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Around_4_ft_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Around_4_ft_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Around 4 ft gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Around_4_ft_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-4_ft_1_in_(1,245_mm)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4_ft_1_in_(1,245_mm)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span><span>4 ft 1 in</span> (<span>1,245 mm</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4_ft_1_in_(1,245_mm)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-4_ft_(1,219_mm)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4_ft_(1,219_mm)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span><span>4 ft</span> (<span>1,219 mm</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4_ft_(1,219_mm)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1,200_mm_(3_ft_11+1⁄4_in)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1,200_mm_(3_ft_11+1⁄4_in)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span><span>1,200 mm</span> (<span>3 ft <span>11<span>+</span><span>1</span>⁄<span>4</span></span> in</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1,200_mm_(3_ft_11+1⁄4_in)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3_ft_9+1⁄2_in_(1,156_mm)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3_ft_9+1⁄2_in_(1,156_mm)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span><span>3 ft <span>9<span>+</span><span>1</span>⁄<span>2</span></span> in</span> (<span>1,156 mm</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3_ft_9+1⁄2_in_(1,156_mm)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-3_ft_9_in_(1,143_mm)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3_ft_9_in_(1,143_mm)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span><span>3 ft 9 in</span> (<span>1,143 mm</span>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3_ft_9_in_(1,143_mm)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1093_mm_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1093_mm_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>1093 mm gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1093_mm_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3_ft_6_in_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3_ft_6_in_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>3 ft 6 in gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3_ft_6_in_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Similar_gauges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_gauges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6.1</span> <span>Similar gauges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_gauges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metre_gauge_and_Italian_metre_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metre_gauge_and_Italian_metre_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Metre gauge and Italian metre gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metre_gauge_and_Italian_metre_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3_ft,_900_mm,_and_Swedish_three-foot_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3_ft,_900_mm,_and_Swedish_three-foot_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>3 ft, 900 mm, and Swedish three-foot gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3_ft,_900_mm,_and_Swedish_three-foot_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2_ft_9_in_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2_ft_9_in_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>2 ft 9 in gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2_ft_9_in_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-800_mm,_2_ft_6_in,_Bosnian_and_750_mm_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#800_mm,_2_ft_6_in,_Bosnian_and_750_mm_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>800 mm, 2 ft 6 in, Bosnian and 750 mm gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-800_mm,_2_ft_6_in,_Bosnian_and_750_mm_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Between_2_ft_5_in_(737_mm)_and_2_ft_1_in_(635_mm)_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Between_2_ft_5_in_(737_mm)_and_2_ft_1_in_(635_mm)_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Between <span>2 ft 5 in</span> (<span>737 mm</span>) and 2 ft 1 in (635 mm) gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Between_2_ft_5_in_(737_mm)_and_2_ft_1_in_(635_mm)_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2_ft_and_600_mm_gauges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2_ft_and_600_mm_gauges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>2 ft and 600 mm gauges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2_ft_and_600_mm_gauges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minimum_gauge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minimum_gauge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Minimum gauge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minimum_gauge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narrow_gauge_railways_by_continent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narrow_gauge_railways_by_continent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Narrow gauge railways by continent</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Narrow_gauge_railways_by_continent-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Narrow gauge railways by continent subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Narrow_gauge_railways_by_continent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Oceania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Narrow-gauge railway</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmalspur" title="Schmalspur – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schmalspur" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9" title="سكة حديد ضيقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سكة حديد ضيقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вузкакалейная чыгунка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вузкакалейная чыгунка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Теснолинейка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Теснолинейка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Azkorozchodn%C3%A1_dr%C3%A1ha" title="Úzkorozchodná dráha – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Úzkorozchodná dráha" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheilffordd_cledrau_cul" title="Rheilffordd cledrau cul – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rheilffordd cledrau cul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalspor" title="Smalspor – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Smalspor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmalspurbahn" title="Schmalspurbahn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schmalspurbahn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitsar%C3%B6%C3%B6pmeline_raudtee" title="Kitsarööpmeline raudtee – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kitsarööpmeline raudtee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrocarril_de_v%C3%ADa_estrecha" title="Ferrocarril de vía estrecha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ferrocarril de vía estrecha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%C5%9Dpura_fervojo" title="Etŝpura fervojo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etŝpura fervojo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabalera_estuko_trenbide" title="Zabalera estuko trenbide – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zabalera estuko trenbide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voie_%C3%A9troite" title="Voie étroite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Voie étroite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrocarril_de_v%C3%ADa_estreita" title="Ferrocarril de vía estreita – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ferrocarril de vía estreita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%9C_%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87" title="નેરોગેજ રેલ્વે – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નેરોગેજ રેલ્વે" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%91%EA%B6%A4" title="협궤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="협궤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="छोटी रेल लाइन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="छोटी रेल लाइन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uskotra%C4%8Dna_%C5%BEeljeznica" title="Uskotračna željeznica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Uskotračna željeznica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepur_sempit" title="Sepur sempit – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sepur sempit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scartamento_ridotto" title="Scartamento ridotto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scartamento ridotto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kledhrennow_kul" title="Kledhrennow kul – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kledhrennow kul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0aurslie%C5%BEu_dzelzce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Šaursliežu dzelzceļš – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šaursliežu dzelzceļš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmuelspuerbunn" title="Schmuelspuerbunn – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schmuelspuerbunn" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siaurasis_gele%C5%BEinkelis" title="Siaurasis geležinkelis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Siaurasis geležinkelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scartament_redutt" title="Scartament redutt – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Scartament redutt" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisvas%C3%BAt" title="Kisvasút – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kisvasút" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalspoor" title="Smalspoor – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smalspoor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AD%E8%BB%8C" title="狭軌 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="狭軌" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalspor" title="Smalspor – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Smalspor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolej_w%C4%85skotorowa" title="Kolej wąskotorowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kolej wąskotorowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caminho_de_ferro_de_via_estreita" title="Caminho de ferro de via estreita – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caminho de ferro de via estreita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecartament_%C3%AEngust" title="Ecartament îngust – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ecartament îngust" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Узкоколейная железная дорога – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Узкоколейная железная дорога" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railway" title="Narrow-gauge railway – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Narrow-gauge railway" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Azkorozchodn%C3%A1_%C5%BEeleznica" title="Úzkorozchodná železnica – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Úzkorozchodná železnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozkotirna_%C5%BEeleznica" title="Ozkotirna železnica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ozkotirna železnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пруга узаног колосека – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пруга узаног колосека" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapearaiteinen_rautatie" title="Kapearaiteinen rautatie – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kapearaiteinen rautatie" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalsp%C3%A5r" title="Smalspår – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Smalspår" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88" title="குற்றகலப் பாதை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குற்றகலப் பாதை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%88" title="แนร์โรว์เกจ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แนร์โรว์เกจ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dar_hat_a%C3%A7%C4%B1kl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Dar hat açıklığı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dar hat açıklığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Вузькоколійна залізниця – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вузькоколійна залізниця" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="نیرو گیج – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیرو گیج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Railway line with a gauge less than the standard of 1435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#bebebe;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> By transport mode</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit_track_gauge" title="Rapid transit track gauge">Rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tram_systems_by_gauge_and_electrification" title="List of tram systems by gauge and electrification">Tram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridable_miniature_railway" title="Ridable miniature railway">Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_modelling_scales" title="Rail transport modelling scales">Scale model</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> By size (<a href="/wiki/List_of_track_gauges" title="List of track gauges">list</a>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <table class="nowrap"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Track_gauge.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Graphic list of track gauges"><img alt="Graphic list of track gauges" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Track_gauge.svg/240px-Track_gauge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Track_gauge.svg/360px-Track_gauge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Track_gauge.svg/480px-Track_gauge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2110" data-file-height="610" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minimum-gauge_railway" title="Minimum-gauge railway">Minimum</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#b0b0b0;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fifteen-inch_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifteen-inch gauge railway">Fifteen inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">381 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(15 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Narrow</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#E5C4A1;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">600 mm</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">600 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">Two foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">610 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_2_ft_3_in_gauge_railways" title="List of 2 ft 3 in gauge railways">Two foot three inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">686 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft 3 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#ff8a37;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/750_mm_gauge_railways" title="750 mm gauge railways">750 mm</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">750 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bosnian-gauge_railways" title="Bosnian-gauge railways">Bosnian gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">760 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">15</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways">Two foot six inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">762 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft 6 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="background-color:#e1392f;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Swedish_three_foot_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish three foot gauge railways">Swedish three foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">891 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/900_mm_gauge_railways" title="900 mm gauge railways">900 mm</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">900 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(2 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/3_ft_gauge_railways" title="3 ft gauge railways">Three foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">914 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(3 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Italy#Italian_metre-gauge_lines_(950_mm)" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Italy">Italian metre</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">950 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(3 ft<span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">13</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#c55e8d;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Metre-gauge_railway" title="Metre-gauge railway">Metre</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,000 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(3 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6a51b7;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways">Three foot six inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,067 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(3 ft 6 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6a51b7;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Around_4_ft_gauge">Four foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,219 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6a51b7;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/4_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="4 ft 6 in gauge railway">Four foot six inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,372 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft 6 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#6a51b7;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway#Modern_almost_standard_gauge_railways" title="Standard-gauge railway">1432 mm</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,432 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#568dd0; width:20px;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway" title="Standard-gauge railway">Standard</a></b></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,435 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Broad-gauge_railway" title="Broad-gauge railway">Broad</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#335c33;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_Italy" title="Track gauge in Italy">Italian broad gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,445 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Dresden" title="Trams in Dresden">Dresden gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,450 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#335c33;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Leipzig" title="Trams in Leipzig">Leipzig gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,458 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">13</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#335c33;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Toronto-gauge_railways" title="Toronto-gauge railways">Toronto gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,495 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#335c33;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_and_1520_mm_gauge_railways" title="5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways">1520 mm</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,520 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(4 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">27</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_and_1520_mm_gauge_railways" title="5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways">Five foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,524 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#5abf56;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_the_United_States#Pennsylvania_trolley_gauges" title="Track gauge in the United States">Pennsylvania gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,581 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft <span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Pennsylvania gauge</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,588 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft <span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_3_in_gauge_railways" title="5 ft 3 in gauge railways">Five foot three inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,600 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft 3 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#bbdf94;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Streetcar_Museum#Streetcar_service" title="Baltimore Streetcar Museum">Baltimore gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,638 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft <span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#bbdf94;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Iberian-gauge_railways" title="Iberian-gauge railways">Iberian gauge</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,668 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">21</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway">Five foot six inch</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,676 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(5 ft 6 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#dceba3;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_the_United_States#Broad_gauges" title="Track gauge in the United States">Six foot</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,829 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(6 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#dceba3;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway#Brunel's_7-foot_gauge_and_the_"gauge_war"" title="Great Western Railway">Brunel</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,140 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(7 ft <span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#dceba3;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Breitspurbahn" title="Breitspurbahn">Breitspurbahn</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,000 mm</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(9 ft 10<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> Change of gauge</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogie_exchange" title="Bogie exchange">Bogie exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_of_gauge" title="Break of gauge">Break of gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_gauge" title="Dual gauge">Dual gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_conversion" title="Track gauge conversion">Conversion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gauge_conversions" title="List of gauge conversions">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_gauge" title="Variable gauge">Variable gauge</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> By location</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_North_America" title="Track gauge in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_South_America" title="Track gauge in South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_Europe" title="Track gauge in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_gauge_in_Australia" title="Rail gauge in Australia">Australia</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rail_gauge_world.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="World map, rail gauge by region"><img alt="World map, rail gauge by region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Rail_gauge_world.svg/264px-Rail_gauge_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="264" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Rail_gauge_world.svg/396px-Rail_gauge_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Rail_gauge_world.svg/528px-Rail_gauge_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a></span></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>narrow-gauge railway</b> (<b>narrow-gauge railroad</b> in the US) is a railway with a <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">track gauge</a> narrower than <span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a></span>. Most narrow-gauge railways are between <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">600 mm</span></a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) and <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span>). </p><p>Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with <a href="/wiki/Minimum_railway_curve_radius" title="Minimum railway curve radius">tighter curves</a>, smaller <a href="/wiki/Structure_gauge" title="Structure gauge">structure gauges</a>, and lighter <a href="/wiki/Rail_profile" title="Rail profile">rails</a>; they can be less costly to build, equip, and operate than standard- or <a href="/wiki/Broad-gauge_railway" title="Broad-gauge railway">broad-gauge railways</a> (particularly in mountainous or difficult terrain).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lower-cost narrow-gauge railways are often used in mountainous terrain, where engineering savings can be substantial. Lower-cost narrow-gauge railways are often built to serve industries as well as sparsely populated communities where the traffic potential would not justify the cost of a standard- or broad-gauge line. Narrow-gauge railways have specialised use in mines and other environments where a small <a href="/wiki/Structure_gauge" title="Structure gauge">structure gauge</a> necessitates a small <a href="/wiki/Loading_gauge" title="Loading gauge">loading gauge</a>. </p><p>In some countries, narrow gauge is the standard: Japan, Indonesia, Taiwan, New Zealand, South Africa, and the Australian states of <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> have a <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) gauge, whereas Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand have <a href="/wiki/Metre-gauge_railway" title="Metre-gauge railway">metre-gauge railways</a>. Narrow-gauge trams, particularly metre-gauge, are common in Europe. Non-industrial, narrow-gauge mountain railways are (or were) common in the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> of the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Cordillera_(Canada)" title="Pacific Cordillera (Canada)">Pacific Cordillera</a> of Canada, Mexico, Switzerland, Bulgaria, the former <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, Greece, and Costa Rica. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></div> <p>A narrow-gauge railway is one where the distance between the inside edges of the rails is less than <span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the term was sometimes used to refer to what are now <a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway" title="Standard-gauge railway">standard-gauge railways</a>, to distinguish them from <a href="/wiki/Broad-gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad-gauge railways">broad-gauge railways</a>, but this use no longer applies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_hand-worked_lines">Early hand-worked lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early hand-worked lines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Woodcut of a mine with three shafts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg/170px-DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg/255px-DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg/340px-DeReMetallicaShaft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="618" /></a><figcaption>1556 woodcut from <i><a href="/wiki/De_re_metallica" title="De re metallica">De re metallica</a></i>, showing a narrow-gauge railway in a mine</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest recorded railway appears in <a href="/wiki/Georgius_Agricola" title="Georgius Agricola">Georgius Agricola</a>'s 1556 <i><a href="/wiki/De_re_metallica" title="De re metallica">De re metallica</a></i>, which shows a mine in Bohemia with a railway of about <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">2 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">610 mm</span>) gauge. During the 16th century, railways were primarily restricted to hand-pushed, narrow-gauge lines in mines throughout Europe. In the 17th century, <a href="/wiki/Mine_railway" title="Mine railway">mine railways</a> were extended to provide transportation above ground. These lines were <a href="/wiki/Industrial_railway" title="Industrial railway">industrial</a>, connecting mines with nearby transportation points (usually canals or other waterways). These railways were usually built to the same narrow gauge as the mine railways from which they developed.<sup id="cite_ref-WHITESNELL_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHITESNELL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Introduction_of_steam">Introduction of steam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Introduction of steam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The world's first <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam locomotive</a>, built in 1802 by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Trevithick" title="Richard Trevithick">Richard Trevithick</a> for the Coalbrookdale Company, ran on a <a href="/wiki/3_ft_gauge_railways" title="3 ft gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">914 mm</span>) <a href="/wiki/Plateway" title="Plateway">plateway</a>. The first commercially successful steam locomotive was <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Murray" title="Matthew Murray">Matthew Murray</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Salamanca_(locomotive)" title="Salamanca (locomotive)">Salamanca</a> built in 1812 for the <span class="nowrap">4 ft 1 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,245 mm</span>) <a href="/wiki/Middleton_Railway" title="Middleton Railway">Middleton Railway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salamanca was also the first <a href="/wiki/Rack_railway" title="Rack railway">rack-and-pinion</a> locomotive. During the 1820s and 1830s, a number of industrial narrow-gauge railways in the United Kingdom used steam locomotives. In 1842, the first narrow-gauge steam locomotive outside the UK was built for the <span class="nowrap">1,100 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>)-gauge Antwerp-Ghent Railway in Belgium.<sup id="cite_ref-ransom_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ransom-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first use of steam locomotives on a public, passenger-carrying narrow-gauge railway was in 1865, when the <a href="/wiki/Ffestiniog_Railway" title="Ffestiniog Railway">Ffestiniog Railway</a> introduced passenger service after receiving its first locomotives two years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-QUI_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QUI-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_use">Industrial use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Industrial use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many narrow-gauge railways were part of industrial enterprises and served primarily as <a href="/wiki/Industrial_railway" title="Industrial railway">industrial railways</a>, rather than general carriers. Common uses for these industrial narrow-gauge railways included mining, logging, construction, tunnelling, quarrying, and conveying agricultural products. Extensive narrow-gauge networks were constructed in many parts of the world; 19th-century mountain logging operations often used narrow-gauge railways to transport logs from mill to market. Significant <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a> railways still operate in Cuba, Fiji, Java, the Philippines, and Queensland, and narrow-gauge railway equipment remains in common use for building tunnels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Introduction_of_internal_combustion">Introduction of internal combustion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Introduction of internal combustion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1897, a manganese mine in the <a href="/wiki/Lahn" title="Lahn">Lahn</a> valley in Germany was using two <a href="/wiki/Benzine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benzine">benzine</a>-fueled locomotives with single cylinder <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal combustion engines">internal combustion engines</a> on the 500mm gauge tracks of their <a href="/wiki/Mine_railway" title="Mine railway">mine railway</a>; these locomotives were made by the Deutz Gas Engine Company (<i>Gasmotorenfabrik Deutz</i>), now <a href="/wiki/Deutz_AG" title="Deutz AG">Deutz AG</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another early use of internal combustion was to power a narrow-gauge locomotive was in 1902. <a href="/wiki/Francis_Claude_Blake" title="Francis Claude Blake">F. C. Blake</a> built a 7 hp petrol locomotive for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richmond_Main_Sewerage_Board&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richmond Main Sewerage Board (page does not exist)">Richmond Main Sewerage Board</a> sewage plant at <a href="/wiki/Mortlake" title="Mortlake">Mortlake</a>. This <span class="nowrap">2 ft 9 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">838 mm</span>) gauge locomotive was probably the third petrol-engined locomotive built.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_World_War_and_later">First World War and later</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: First World War and later"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Extensive narrow-gauge <a href="/wiki/Trench_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Trench railways">rail systems</a> served the front-line trenches of both sides in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were a short-lived military application, and after the war the surplus equipment created a small boom in European narrow-gauge railway building. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Improvements">Improvements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Improvements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heavy-duty_tracks">Heavy-duty tracks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Heavy-duty tracks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_of_Rockhampton_train_(Sunshine_railway_station,_Brisbane).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Electric silver-and-yellow train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg/220px-City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg/330px-City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg/440px-City_of_Rockhampton_train_%28Sunshine_railway_station%2C_Brisbane%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1891" data-file-height="1227" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Electric_Tilt_Train" title="Electric Tilt Train">Electric Tilt Train</a> in Queensland. Unlike other states in Australia which use different gauges, Queensland's network is made up of <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>)-gauge track.</figcaption></figure> <p>The heavy-duty <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) narrow-gauge railways in Australia (Queensland), New Zealand, South Africa, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines demonstrate that if track is built to a heavy-duty standard, performance almost as good as a standard-gauge line is possible. </p><p>Two-hundred-car trains operate on the <a href="/wiki/Sishen%E2%80%93Saldanha_railway_line" title="Sishen–Saldanha railway line">Sishen–Saldanha railway line</a> in South Africa, and high-speed <a href="/wiki/Tilt_Train" title="Tilt Train">Tilt Trains</a> run in Queensland. In South Africa and New Zealand, the loading gauge is similar to the restricted British loading gauge; in New Zealand, some <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_British_Rail_Mark_2_carriage" title="New Zealand British Rail Mark 2 carriage">British Rail Mark 2</a> carriages have been <a href="/wiki/Bogie_exchange" title="Bogie exchange">rebuilt with new bogies</a> for use by <a href="/wiki/Tranz_Scenic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tranz Scenic">Tranz Scenic</a> (Wellington-Palmerston North service), <a href="/wiki/Tranz_Metro" title="Tranz Metro">Tranz Metro</a> (Wellington-Masterton service), and <a href="/wiki/Auckland_One_Rail" title="Auckland One Rail">Auckland One Rail</a> (Auckland suburban services). </p><p>Another example of a heavy-duty narrow-gauge line is Brazil's <a href="/wiki/Vale_(company)#Railroads" class="mw-redirect" title="Vale (company)">EFVM</a>. <span class="nowrap">1,000 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) gauge, it has <a href="/wiki/Rail_profile#North_America" title="Rail profile">over-100-pound rail</a> (100 lb/yd or 49.6 kg/m) and a <a href="/wiki/Loading_gauge#North_America" title="Loading gauge">loading gauge</a> almost as large as US non-excess-height lines. The line has a number of 4,000-horsepower (3,000 kW) locomotives and 200-plus-car trains. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fastest_trains">Fastest trains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Fastest trains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Narrow gauge's reduced stability means that its trains cannot run at speeds as high as on broader gauges. For example, if a curve with standard-gauge rail (<a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway" title="Standard-gauge railway">1435 mm</a>) can allow speed up to 145 km/h (90 mph), the same curve with narrow-gauge rail (<a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways">1067mm</a>) can only allow speed up to 130 km/h (81 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Japan and Queensland, recent permanent-way improvements have allowed trains on <span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) gauge tracks to exceed 160 km/h (99 mph). <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Rail" title="Queensland Rail">Queensland Rail</a>'s <a href="/wiki/QR_Tilt_Train" class="mw-redirect" title="QR Tilt Train">Electric Tilt Train</a>, the fastest train in Australia and the fastest <span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) gauge train in the world, set a record of 210 km/h (130 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The speed record for <span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) narrow-gauge rail is 245 km/h (152 mph), set in South Africa in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A special <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">2 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">610 mm</span>) gauge railcar was built for the <a href="/wiki/Otavi_Mining_and_Railway_Company" title="Otavi Mining and Railway Company">Otavi Mining and Railway Company</a> with a design speed of 137 km/h (85 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curve radius is also important for high speeds: narrow-gauge railways allow sharper curves, but these limit a vehicle's safe speed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gauges"><span class="anchor" id="Gauges_used"></span>Gauges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Gauges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_track_gauges" title="List of track gauges">List of track gauges</a></div> <p>Many narrow gauges, from <span class="nowrap">15 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">381 mm</span>) gauge to <span class="nowrap">4 ft 8 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,422 mm</span>) gauge, are in present or former use. They fall into several broad categories: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Just_under_standard_gauge">Just under standard gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Just under standard gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_4_ft_8_in_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of 4 ft 8 in gauge railways">List of 4 ft 8 in gauge railways</a> and <a href="/wiki/4_ft_8_in_gauge_railways" title="4 ft 8 in gauge railways">4 ft 8 in gauge railways</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="4_ft_7+3⁄4_in_(1,416_mm)"><span id="4_ft_7.2B3.E2.81.844_in_.281.2C416_mm.29"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,416 mm</span>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huddersfield_Corporation_Tramways" title="Huddersfield Corporation Tramways">Huddersfield Corporation Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Corporation_Tramways" title="Glasgow Corporation Tramways">Glasgow Corporation Tramways</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="4_ft_6_in_gauge"><span class="anchor" id="Four_foot_six-inch_gauge"></span>4 ft 6 in gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 4 ft 6 in gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/4_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="4 ft 6 in gauge railway">4 ft 6 in gauge railway</a></div> <p><span class="nowrap">4 ft 6 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,372 mm</span>) track gauge (also known as Scotch gauge) was adopted by early 19th-century railways, primarily in the <a href="/wiki/Lanarkshire" title="Lanarkshire">Lanarkshire</a> area of Scotland. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,384 mm</span>) lines were also constructed, and both were eventually converted to standard gauge. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Around_4_ft_gauge"><span class="anchor" id="Four_foot_and_1200_mm_gauge"></span>Around 4 ft gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Around 4 ft gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="4_ft_1_in_(1,245_mm)"><span id="4_ft_1_in_.281.2C245_mm.29"></span><span class="nowrap">4 ft 1 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,245 mm</span>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 4 ft 1 in (1,245 mm)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middleton_Railway" title="Middleton Railway">Middleton Railway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="4_ft_(1,219_mm)"><span id="4_ft_.281.2C219_mm.29"></span><span class="nowrap">4 ft</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,219 mm</span>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 4 ft (1,219 mm)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrow-in-Furness_Tramways_Company" title="Barrow-in-Furness Tramways Company">Barrow-in-Furness Tramways Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_Corporation_Tramways" title="Bradford Corporation Tramways">Bradford Corporation Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Oxford_Tramways_Company" title="City of Oxford Tramways Company">City of Oxford Tramways Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwen_Corporation_Tramways" title="Darwen Corporation Tramways">Darwen Corporation Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Tramways_Company" title="Derby Tramways Company">Derby Tramways Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_and_District_Tramways" title="Falkirk and District Tramways">Falkirk and District Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Subway" title="Glasgow Subway">Glasgow Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honolulu_Rapid_Transit_and_Land_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honolulu Rapid Transit and Land Company (page does not exist)">Honolulu Rapid Transit and Land Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keighley_Tramways" title="Keighley Tramways">Keighley Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padarn_Railway" title="Padarn Railway">Padarn Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Corporation_Tramways" title="Reading Corporation Tramways">Reading Corporation Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redruth_and_Chasewater_Railway" title="Redruth and Chasewater Railway">Redruth and Chasewater Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saundersfoot_Railway" title="Saundersfoot Railway">Saundersfoot Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_tramway_system" title="Wellington tramway system">Wellington tramway system</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1,200_mm_(3_ft_11+1⁄4_in)"><span id="1.2C200_mm_.283_ft_11.2B1.E2.81.844_in.29"></span><span class="nowrap">1,200 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1,200 mm (3 ft 11+1⁄4 in)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Funicular" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Funicular">Central Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fribourg_funicular" title="Fribourg funicular">Fribourg funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardena_Ronda_Express" title="Gardena Ronda Express">Gardena Ronda Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheineck%E2%80%93Walzenhausen_mountain_railway" title="Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway">Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appenzell_Railways#Operation" title="Appenzell Railways">Appenzell Railways</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlossbergbahn_(Freiburg)" title="Schlossbergbahn (Freiburg)">Schlossbergbahn (Freiburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoosbahn" title="Stoosbahn">Stoosbahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_Funicular#Technical_characteristics" title="Zagreb Funicular">Zagreb Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDaliakalnis_Funicular" title="Žaliakalnis Funicular">Žaliakalnis Funicular</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3_ft_9+1⁄2_in_(1,156_mm)"><span id="3_ft_9.2B1.E2.81.842_in_.281.2C156_mm.29"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,156 mm</span>)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 3 ft 9+1⁄2 in (1,156 mm)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcata_and_Mad_River_Railroad" title="Arcata and Mad River Railroad">Arcata and Mad River Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Redwood_Lumber_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Redwood Lumber Company">Northern Redwood Lumber Company</a><sup id="cite_ref-Robertson_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robertson-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="3_ft_9_in_(1,143_mm)"><span id="3_ft_9_in_.281.2C143_mm.29"></span><span class="nowrap">3 ft 9 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,143 mm</span>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 3 ft 9 in (1,143 mm)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middlebere_Plateway" title="Middlebere Plateway">Middlebere Plateway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1093_mm_gauge">1093 mm gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 1093 mm gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping%E2%80%93Uttersberg%E2%80%93Riddarhyttan_Railway" title="Köping–Uttersberg–Riddarhyttan Railway">Köping–Uttersberg–Riddarhyttan Railway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3_ft_6_in_gauge"><span class="anchor" id="Three_foot_six-inch_gauge"></span>3 ft 6 in gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 3 ft 6 in gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways">3 ft 6 in gauge railways</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CombinedTrack.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Illustration of difference between standard and narrow gauge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CombinedTrack.svg/410px-CombinedTrack.svg.png" decoding="async" width="410" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CombinedTrack.svg/615px-CombinedTrack.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CombinedTrack.svg/820px-CombinedTrack.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="96" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>) <span class="nowrap">standard gauge</span> (blue) and <a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>) (red) width; the difference is 14.5 in (370 mm), or about 26 per cent of standard gauge.</figcaption></figure> <p><span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span>) between the inside of the rail heads, its name and classification vary worldwide and it has about 112,000 kilometres (70,000 mi) of track. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Similar_gauges">Similar gauges</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Similar gauges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1,055 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>) in <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1,050 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">11</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>) on the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz_railway" title="Hejaz railway">Hejaz railway</a> in Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and Syria; only a few lines survive.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metre_gauge_and_Italian_metre_gauge">Metre gauge and Italian metre gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Metre gauge and Italian metre gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">Metre gauge</a></div> <p>As its name implies, metre gauge is a track gauge of <span class="nowrap">1,000 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>). It has about 95,000 km (59,000 mi) of track. </p><p>According to Italian law, track gauges in Italy were defined from the centre of each rail rather than the inside edges of the rails. This gauge, measured <span class="nowrap">950 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) between the edges of the rails, is known as <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_Italy" title="Track gauge in Italy">Italian metre gauge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3_ft,_900_mm,_and_Swedish_three-foot_gauge"><span id="3_ft.2C_900_mm.2C_and_Swedish_three-foot_gauge"></span>3 ft, 900 mm, and Swedish three-foot gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 3 ft, 900 mm, and Swedish three-foot gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Amusement-park train with a replica steam engine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg/220px-DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg/330px-DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg/440px-DisneylandTrainLocomotive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The <span class="nowrap">3 ft</span> (<span class="nowrap">914 mm</span>) gauge <a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Railroad" title="Disneyland Railroad">Disneyland Railroad</a> in California</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/3_ft_gauge_railways" title="3 ft gauge railways">3 ft gauge railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/900_mm_gauge_railways" title="900 mm gauge railways">900 mm gauge railways</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swedish_three_foot_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish three foot gauge railways">Swedish three foot gauge railways</a></div> <p>There were a number of large <span class="nowrap">3 ft</span> (<span class="nowrap">914 mm</span>) railroad systems in North America; notable examples include the <a href="/wiki/Denver_%26_Rio_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver & Rio Grande">Denver & Rio Grande</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_Southern_Railroad" title="Rio Grande Southern Railroad">Rio Grande Southern</a> in Colorado; the <a href="/wiki/Texas_and_St._Louis_Railway" title="Texas and St. Louis Railway">Texas and St. Louis Railway</a> in Texas, Arkansas and Missouri; and, the <a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_Coast_Railroad" title="South Pacific Coast Railroad">South Pacific Coast</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Pass_and_Yukon_Route" title="White Pass and Yukon Route">White Pass and Yukon Route</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Lumber_Company_railway" title="West Side Lumber Company railway">West Side Lumber Co</a> of California. <span class="nowrap">3 ft</span> was also a common track gauge in South America, Ireland and on the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>. <span class="nowrap">900 mm</span> was a common gauge in Europe. Swedish three-foot-gauge railways (<span class="nowrap">891 mm</span> or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>) are unique to that country and were once common all over the country. Today the only 891 mm line that remains apart from heritage railways is <a href="/wiki/Roslagsbanan" title="Roslagsbanan">Roslagsbanan</a>, a commuter line that connects Stockholm to its northeastern suburbs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2_ft_9_in_gauge">2 ft 9 in gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 2 ft 9 in gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A few railways and tramways were built to <span class="nowrap">2 ft 9 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">838 mm</span>) gauge, including <a href="/wiki/Nankai_Main_Line" title="Nankai Main Line">Nankai Main Line</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_conversion" title="Track gauge conversion">converted</a> to <span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span> or <span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>), <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Pier_Railway_at_Atlantic_City" title="Ocean Pier Railway at Atlantic City">Ocean Pier Railway at Atlantic City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seaton_Tramway" title="Seaton Tramway">Seaton Tramway</a> (<a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_conversion" title="Track gauge conversion">converted</a> from <span class="nowrap">2 ft</span>) and <a href="/wiki/Waiorongomai_Tramway" class="mw-redirect" title="Waiorongomai Tramway">Waiorongomai Tramway</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="800_mm,_2_ft_6_in,_Bosnian_and_750_mm_gauge"><span id="800_mm.2C_2_ft_6_in.2C_Bosnian_and_750_mm_gauge"></span><span class="anchor" id="800_mm,_Two_foot_six-inch,_Bosnian,_and_750mm_gauge"></span>800 mm, 2 ft 6 in, Bosnian and 750 mm gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 800 mm, 2 ft 6 in, Bosnian and 750 mm gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/800_mm_gauge_railways" title="800 mm gauge railways">800 mm gauge railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways">2 ft 6 in gauge railways</a>, and <a href="/wiki/750_mm_gauge_railways" title="750 mm gauge railways">750 mm gauge railways</a></div> <p><span class="nowrap">800 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>) gauge railways are commonly used for <a href="/wiki/Rack_railway" title="Rack railway">rack railways</a>. Imperial <span class="nowrap">2 ft 6 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">762 mm</span>) gauge railways were generally constructed in the former <a href="/wiki/British_colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="British colonies">British colonies</a>. <span class="nowrap">760 mm</span> <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian gauge">Bosnian gauge</a> and <span class="nowrap">750 mm</span> railways are predominantly found in Russia and Eastern Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Between_2_ft_5_in_(737_mm)_and_2_ft_1_in_(635_mm)_gauge"><span id="Between_2_ft_5_in_.28737_mm.29_and_2_ft_1_in_.28635_mm.29_gauge"></span>Between <span class="nowrap">2 ft 5 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">737 mm</span>) and 2 ft 1 in (635 mm) gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Between 2 ft 5 in (737 mm) and 2 ft 1 in (635 mm) gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_2_ft_3_in_gauge_railways" title="List of 2 ft 3 in gauge railways">List of 2 ft 3 in gauge railways</a></div> <p>Gauges such as <span class="nowrap">2 ft 3 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">686 mm</span>), <span class="nowrap">2 ft 4 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">711 mm</span>) and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">724 mm</span>) were used in parts of the UK, particularly for railways in Wales and the borders, with some industrial use in the coal industry. Some sugar cane lines in Cuba were <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">699 mm</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2_ft_and_600_mm_gauges"><span class="anchor" id="Two_foot_and_600_mm_gauges"></span>2 ft and 600 mm gauges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 2 ft and 600 mm gauges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Red locomotive, with observers on a platform" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG/220px-Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG/330px-Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG/440px-Ffestiniog_DLG_BF.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">597 mm</span>) gauge <a href="/wiki/Ffestiniog_Railway" title="Ffestiniog Railway">Ffestiniog Railway</a> in Wales</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways</a></div> <p><span class="nowrap">2 ft</span> (<span class="nowrap">610 mm</span>) gauge railways were generally constructed in the former British colonies. The <a href="/wiki/2_ft_gauge_railroads_in_the_United_States" title="2 ft gauge railroads in the United States">U.S. had a number of railways of that gauge</a>, including several in the state of Maine such as the <a href="/wiki/Wiscasset,_Waterville_and_Farmington_Railway" title="Wiscasset, Waterville and Farmington Railway">Wiscasset, Waterville and Farmington Railway</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">603 mm</span>), <span class="nowrap">600 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">597 mm</span>) were used in Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minimum_gauge">Minimum gauge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Minimum gauge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Minimum-gauge_railway" title="Minimum-gauge railway">Minimum-gauge railway</a></div> <p>Gauges below <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">1 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">597 mm</span>) were rare. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Percival_Heywood" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Percival Heywood">Arthur Percival Heywood</a> developed <a href="/wiki/Fifteen-inch_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifteen-inch gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">15 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">381 mm</span>) gauge <a href="/wiki/British_narrow-gauge_railways#Estate_railways" title="British narrow-gauge railways">estate railways</a> in Britain and <a href="/wiki/Decauville" title="Decauville">Decauville</a> produced a range of industrial railways running on <a href="/wiki/500_mm_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="500 mm gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">500 mm</span></a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap"><span class="frac">19<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>) and <span class="nowrap">400 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap"><span class="frac">15<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>) tracks, most commonly in restricted environments such as underground mine railways, parks and farms, in France. Several <a href="/wiki/18_in_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="18 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">18 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">457 mm</span>) gauge railways were built in Britain to serve ammunition depots and other military facilities, particularly during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Narrow_gauge_railways_by_continent">Narrow gauge railways by continent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Narrow gauge railways by continent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Africa" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Africa">Narrow-gauge railways in Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Asia" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Asia">Narrow-gauge railways in Asia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Europe" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Europe">Narrow-gauge railways in Europe</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_North_America" title="Narrow-gauge railways in North America">Narrow-gauge railways in North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Central_America" title="Rail transport in Central America">Rail transport in Central America</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Oceania" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Oceania">Narrow-gauge railways in Oceania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_South_America" title="Narrow-gauge railways in South America">Narrow-gauge railways in South America</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox 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href="/wiki/War_Department_Light_Railways" title="War Department Light Railways">War Department Light Railways</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSpooner1879" class="citation book cs1">Spooner, Charles Easton (1879). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3pUpAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA71"><i>Narrow Gauge Railways</i></a>. p. 71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrow+Gauge+Railways&rft.pages=71&rft.date=1879&rft.aulast=Spooner&rft.aufirst=Charles+Easton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3pUpAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoulls2018" class="citation book cs1">Coulls, Anthony (15 April 2018). <i>Narrow Gauge Locomotives</i>. Amberley Publishing. <q>Narrow gauge is defined as anything less than the standard gauge of UK main lines</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrow+Gauge+Locomotives&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing&rft.date=2018-04-15&rft.aulast=Coulls&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHITESNELL-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WHITESNELL_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehouse,_PatrickSnell,_John_B.1984" class="citation book cs1">Whitehouse, Patrick & Snell, John B. (1984). <i>Narrow Gauge Railways of the British Isles</i>. David & Charles. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7153-0196-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7153-0196-9"><bdi>0-7153-0196-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrow+Gauge+Railways+of+the+British+Isles&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-7153-0196-9&rft.au=Whitehouse%2C+Patrick&rft.au=Snell%2C+John+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawson2020" class="citation book cs1">Dawson, Anthony (17 June 2020). <i>Before Rocket: The Steam Locomotive up to 1829</i>. Gresley.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Before+Rocket%3A+The+Steam+Locomotive+up+to+1829&rft.pub=Gresley&rft.date=2020-06-17&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ransom-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ransom_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRansom1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/P._J._G._Ransom" title="P. J. G. Ransom">Ransom, P.J.G.</a> (1996). <i>Narrow Gauge Steam – Its origins and worldwide development</i>. Oxford Publishing Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86093-533-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-86093-533-7"><bdi>0-86093-533-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrow+Gauge+Steam+%E2%80%93+Its+origins+and+worldwide+development&rft.pub=Oxford+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-86093-533-7&rft.aulast=Ransom&rft.aufirst=P.J.G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-QUI-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-QUI_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuine2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quine" title="Dan Quine">Quine, Dan</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festinioglocos.com/"><i>The George England locomotives of the Ffestiniog Railway</i></a>. London: Flexiscale.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+George+England+locomotives+of+the+Ffestiniog+Railway&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Flexiscale&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Quine&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.festinioglocos.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Benzine Lgocomotive for use in Mines, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1fo9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA388">The Petroleum Industrial and Technical Review</a>, vol. 2, no. 68 (23 June 1900); page 388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benzine Locomotive, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H0c_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA532">English Mechanic and World of Science</a>, No. 1713 (21 January 1898); pages 532–533.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuine2019" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quine" title="Dan Quine">Quine, Dan</a> (March 2019). "F.C. Blake and the Mortlake Tramways". <i>Industrial Railway Record</i> (236). the Industrial Railway Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Railway+Record&rft.atitle=F.C.+Blake+and+the+Mortlake+Tramways&rft.issue=236&rft.date=2019-03&rft.aulast=Quine&rft.aufirst=Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn1990" class="citation book cs1">Dunn, Richard (1 January 1990). <i>Narrow gauge to no man's land: U.S. Army 60 cm gauge railways of the First World War in France</i>. Benchmark Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrow+gauge+to+no+man%27s+land%3A+U.S.+Army+60+cm+gauge+railways+of+the+First+World+War+in+France&rft.pub=Benchmark+Publications&rft.date=1990-01-01&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestwood1980" class="citation book cs1">Westwood, J. N. (1980). <i>Railways at War</i>. 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Queensland Rail. 1999. pp. 16, 19. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.intekom.com/bluegrass/sites/steamsa/historical11.html">the original</a> on 15 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=home.intekom.com&rft.atitle=Class+5E%2F6E+Electric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhome.intekom.com%2Fbluegrass%2Fsites%2Fsteamsa%2Fhistorical11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.traintesting.com/SAR.htm">"Pantograph testing in South Africa"</a>. Traintesting.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220228105903/http://www.traintesting.com/SAR.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pantograph+testing+in+South+Africa&rft.pub=Traintesting.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.traintesting.com%2FSAR.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw1958" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Frederic J. (1958). <i>Little Railways of the World</i>. Howell-North.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Little+Railways+of+the+World&rft.pub=Howell-North&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Frederic+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Eisenbahnatlas Schweiz</i>. Verlag Schweers + Wall GmbH. 2012. pp. <span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89494-130-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89494-130-7"><bdi>978-3-89494-130-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eisenbahnatlas+Schweiz&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E14-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.pub=Verlag+Schweers+%2B+Wall+GmbH&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-3-89494-130-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Robertson-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Robertson_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson1998" class="citation book cs1">Robertson, Donald B. (1998). <i>Encyclopedia of Western Railroad History</i>. Vol. IV. <a href="/wiki/Caldwell,_ID" class="mw-redirect" title="Caldwell, ID">Caldwell, ID</a>: Caxton Printers. p. 166. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87004-385-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87004-385-4"><bdi>0-87004-385-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/13456066">13456066</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL2716499M">2716499M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Western+Railroad+History&rft.place=Caldwell%2C+ID&rft.pages=166&rft.pub=Caxton+Printers&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F13456066&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL2716499M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=0-87004-385-4&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANarrow-gauge+railway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.zelmeroz.com/album_rail/ctn/ctn_08.pdf">[1]</a> (2003)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrow-gauge_railway&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111222232726/http://www.zavod-kmz.ru/">"Trade House" Kambarka Engineering Works "</a></li> <li>P. Whitehouse, J. Snell. <i>Narrow Gauge Railways of the British Isles</i>, <a href="/wiki/David_%26_Charles" title="David & Charles">David & Charles</a>, 1994, <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><cite><i>Railroads of Colorado: Your Guide to Colorado's Historic Trains and Railway Sites</i></cite>, Claude Wiatrowski, Voyageur Press, 2002, hardcover, 160 pages, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89658-591-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-89658-591-3">0-89658-591-3</a></li> <li>Keith Chester. "East European Narrow Gauge" 1995 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>"Narrow Gauge Through the Bush – Ontario's Toronto Grey and Bruce and Toronto and Nipissing Railways"; Rod Clarke; pub. Beaumont and Clarke, with the Credit Valley Railway Company, Streetsville, Ontario, 2007. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9784406-0-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9784406-0-2">978-0-9784406-0-2</a></li> <li>"The Narrow Gauge For Us – The Story of the Toronto and Nipissing Railway"; Charles Cooper; pub. The Boston Mills Press; Erin, Ontario, 1982. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>"Narrow Gauge Railways of Canada"; Omer Lavallee; pub. Railfair, Montreal, 1972. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>"Narrow Gauge Railways of Canada"; Omer Lavallee, expanded and revised by Ronald S Ritchie; pub. Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Markham, Ontario, 2005. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>"The Toronto Grey and Bruce Railway 1863–1884; Thomas F McIlwraith; pub. Upper Canada Railway Society, Toronto, 1963.</li> <li>"Steam Trains to the Bruce"; Ralph Beaumont; pub. The Boston Mills Press; Cheltenham, Ontario, 1977 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>"Running Late on the Bruce"; Ralph Beaumont & James Filby; pub The Boston Mills Press, Cheltenham, Ontario, 1980</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140111045621/http://nevada-railways.net/">Nevada Central Narrow Gauge</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>; Michael J. Brown</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-redirect" title="400 mm gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">400 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap"><span class="frac">15<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ridable_miniature_railways#16_in" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ridable miniature railways"><span class="nowrap">16 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">406 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_in_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="18 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">18 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">457 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_in_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="19 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">19 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">483 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_mm_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="500 mm gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">500 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap"><span class="frac">19<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">20 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">508 mm</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">21 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">533 mm</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">1 ft 10 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">559 mm</span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Narrow gauge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2_ft_and_600_mm_gauge_railways" title="2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways">2 foot and 600 mm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_2_ft_3_in_gauge_railways" title="List of 2 ft 3 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">2 ft 3 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">686 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/750_mm_gauge_railways" title="750 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">750 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian gauge"><span class="nowrap">760 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">15</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="2 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">2 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">762 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/800_mm_gauge_railways" title="800 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">800 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">891 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Swedish_three_foot_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish three foot gauge railways">Swedish three foot</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/900_mm_gauge_railways" title="900 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">900 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">2 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_ft_gauge_railways" title="3 ft gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">914 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_Italy" title="Track gauge in Italy"><span class="nowrap">950 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) <a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railways_in_Italy#Italian_metre-gauge_lines_(950_mm)" title="Narrow-gauge railways in Italy">Italian metre gauge</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1,000 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Metre_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Metre gauge">metre gauge</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hejaz_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz Railway"><span class="nowrap">1,050 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">11</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Company_for_Rail_Transport" title="National Company for Rail Transport"><span class="nowrap">1,055 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ping%E2%80%93Uttersberg%E2%80%93Riddarhyttan_Railway" title="Köping–Uttersberg–Riddarhyttan Railway"><span class="nowrap">1,093 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft 7 in</span>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Teresa_Tram" title="Santa Teresa Tram"><span class="nowrap">1,100 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>),</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Four_foot_and_1200_mm_gauge"><span class="nowrap">1,200 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_foot_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Four foot gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">4 ft</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,219 mm</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">4 ft 1 in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,245 mm</span>), <a href="/wiki/Middleton_Railway" title="Middleton Railway">Middleton Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="4 ft 6 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">4 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,372 mm</span>), Scotch gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Newtyle_Railway" title="Dundee and Newtyle Railway"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,384 mm</span>), Scotch gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Corporation_Tramways" title="Glasgow Corporation Tramways"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,416 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_ft_8_in_gauge_railways" title="4 ft 8 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">4 ft 8 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,422 mm</span>), almost standard gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro_rolling_stock" title="Washington Metro rolling stock"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,429 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway#Modern_almost_standard_gauge_railways" title="Standard-gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">1,432 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Standard-gauge_railway" title="Standard-gauge railway">Standard gauge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> / <span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>, Stephenson gauge</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Broad-gauge_railway" title="Broad-gauge railway">Broad gauge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Moritz%E2%80%93Corviglia_funicular" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Moritz–Corviglia funicular"><span class="nowrap">1,440 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">11</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_in_Italy" title="Track gauge in Italy"><span class="nowrap">1,445 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Dresden" title="Trams in Dresden"><span class="nowrap">1,450 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_and_Mahoning_Valley_Railroad" title="Cleveland and Mahoning Valley Railroad"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,457 mm</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Leipzig" title="Trams in Leipzig"><span class="nowrap">1,458 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">13</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto-gauge_railways" title="Toronto-gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,495 mm</span>), Toronto gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_ft_and_1520_mm_gauge_railways" title="5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">5 ft</span> / <span class="nowrap">1,524 mm</span> and <span class="nowrap">1,520 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">27</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>), Russian gauge.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEPTA_Subway%E2%80%93Surface_Trolley_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley Lines"><span class="nowrap">5 ft <span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span></a> / <span class="nowrap">1,581 mm</span> and <a href="/wiki/Five_foot_two_and_a_half_inch_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Five foot two and a half inch gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">5 ft <span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> / <span class="nowrap">1,588 mm</span>, Pennsylvania gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_ft_3_in_gauge_railways" title="5 ft 3 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">5 ft 3 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,600 mm</span>), Irish gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_ft_4%C2%BD_in_gauge_railways" class="mw-redirect" title="5 ft 4½ in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">5 ft <span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,638 mm</span>), Baltimore gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberian gauge"><span class="nowrap">1,668 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">5 ft <span class="frac">5<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">21</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>), Iberian gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">5 ft 6 in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">1,676 mm</span>), Indian gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Arend_(locomotive)" title="De Arend (locomotive)"><span class="nowrap">1,945 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">6 ft <span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">9</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>), De Arend</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-foot-%C2%BC-inch_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="7-foot-¼-inch gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">7 ft <span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">2,140 mm</span>), Brunel gauge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breitspurbahn" title="Breitspurbahn"><span class="nowrap">3,000 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">9 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>), Breitspurbahn</li> <li><span class="nowrap">8,200 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">26 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">27</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>), <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4rchwandschr%C3%A4gaufzug" title="Lärchwandschrägaufzug">Lärchwandschrägaufzug</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">9,000 mm</span> (<span class="nowrap">29 ft <span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in</span>), <a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_ship_lift" title="Krasnoyarsk ship lift">Krasnoyarsk ship lift</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List of track gauge articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_track_gauges" title="List of track gauges">List of track gauges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tram_systems_by_gauge_and_electrification" title="List of tram systems by gauge and electrification">List of tram track gauges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridable_miniature_railway#Miniature_railways" title="Ridable miniature railway">Miniature railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridable_miniature_railway#Minimum-gauge_railways" title="Ridable miniature railway">Minimum-gauge railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridable_miniature_railway#Large_amusement_railways" title="Ridable miniature railway">Large amusement railways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gauge differences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogie_exchange" title="Bogie exchange">Bogie exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_of_gauge" title="Break of gauge">Break of gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_gauge" title="Dual gauge">Dual gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge_conversion" title="Track gauge conversion">Gauge conversion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gauge_conversions" title="List of gauge conversions">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_gauge" title="Variable gauge">Variable gauge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport mode</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tram_systems_by_gauge_and_electrification" title="List of tram systems by gauge and electrification">Tram and light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit_track_gauge" title="Rapid transit track gauge">Rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridable_miniature_railway" title="Ridable miniature railway">Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_modelling_scales" title="Rail transport modelling scales">Scale model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Track_gauges_by_country" title="Category:Track gauges by country">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Track_gauges_by_imperial_unit" title="Category:Track gauges by imperial unit">by imperial units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Track_gauges_by_metric_unit" title="Category:Track gauges by metric unit">by metric units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Track_gauges_by_name" title="Category:Track gauges by name">by name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_track_gauges" title="Category:Lists of track gauges">lists of track gauges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Narrow-gauge_railways_by_continent59" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_Narrow-gauge_railways_by_continent" title="Template:Navbox Narrow-gauge railways by continent"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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