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class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Fordítás</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fordítás-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék kinyitása/becsukása" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirpikli_infuzorlar" title="Kirpikli infuzorlar – azerbajdzsáni" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kirpikli infuzorlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzsáni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohimenof%C3%B2ria" title="Oligohimenofòria – katalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oligohimenofòria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" title="Oligohymenophorea – spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oligohymenophorea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" title="Oligohymenophorea – francia" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oligohymenophorea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" title="Oligohymenophorea – gallego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oligohymenophorea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%88%EB%A7%89%EB%A5%98" title="빈막류 – koreai" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빈막류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" title="Oligohymenophorea – lengyel" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oligohymenophorea" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lengyel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Олигохименофоры – orosz" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олигохименофоры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="orosz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E8%86%9C%E7%B6%B1" title="寡膜綱 – kínai" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="寡膜綱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E8%86%9C%E7%B6%B1" title="寡膜綱 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="寡膜綱" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3113733#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Nyelvközi hivatkozások szerkesztése" class="wbc-editpage">Hivatkozások szerkesztése</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Névterek"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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text-align:left; background:transparent;"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%A9n_(rendszertan)" title="Domén (rendszertan)">Domén</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukari%C3%B3t%C3%A1k" title="Eukarióták">Eukarióták</a> <i>(Eukaryota)</i><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diaphoretickes" title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sar" title="Sar">Sar</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Csill%C3%B3sok" title="Csillósok">Csillósok</a> (Ciliophora)<br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Intramacronucleata" title="Intramacronucleata">Intramacronucleata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ventrata" title="Ventrata">Ventrata</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-size:90%;">Csoport: </td> <td>Oligohymenophorea<br /><small>de Puytorac <i>et al.</i> 1974<sup id="cite_ref-Puytorac_et_al_1974_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puytorac_et_al_1974-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="taxobox-heading"> <th>Taxonok<sup id="cite_ref-WoRMS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WoRMS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px; text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Apostomatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Astomatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hymenostomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hymenostomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Hymenostomatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peniculia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peniculia (a lap nem létezik)">Peniculia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peritrichia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peritrichia (a lap nem létezik)">Peritrichia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scuticociliatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scuticociliatia (a lap nem létezik)">Scuticociliatia</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr class="taxobox-heading"> <th>Hivatkozások </th></tr> <tr> <td class="noviewer" style="font-size:90%; text-align:left;"><div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikifajok"><img alt="Wikifajok" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/23px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/35px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/46px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a><figcaption>Wikifajok</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Wikifajok" title="Wikifajok">Wikifajok</a> tartalmaz <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Oligohymenophorea">Oligohymenophorea</a></b></i> témájú rendszertani információt. </p> </div><div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Wikim%C3%A9dia_Commons" title="Wikimédia Commons">Wikimédia Commons</a> tartalmaz <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oligohymenophorea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oligohymenophorea">Oligohymenophorea</a></b></i> témájú kategóriát. </p> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Az <b>Oligohymenophorea</b> a <a href="/wiki/Csill%C3%B3sok" title="Csillósok">csillósok</a> egy nagy kládja. Általában ventrális <a href="/wiki/Sejtsz%C3%A1j" title="Sejtszáj">sejtszájuk</a> van külön szájcsillókkal, melyek a sejttestcsillóktól jelentősen eltérnek. A szájtól jobbra parorális membrán, balra általában 3 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Membranellum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membranellum (a lap nem létezik)">membranellum</a> van. A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejtgarat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejtgarat (a lap nem létezik)">sejtgarat</a> nem feltűnő és nem alkot a hasonló osztályokban látható <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrtos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrtos (a lap nem létezik)">cyrtost</a>. A sejttestcsillók általában <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monokinetida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monokinetida (a lap nem létezik)">monokinetidákból</a> erednek, egyes helyeken azonban <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikinetida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikinetida (a lap nem létezik)">dikinetidák</a> is lehetnek. Sejtszájuk körül dikinetidák vannak, melyek monokinetidaként folytatódnak.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhang_2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhang_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Történet"><span id="T.C3.B6rt.C3.A9net"></span>Történet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=1" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Történet"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Először 1974-ben írták le a három csillósosztály egyikének a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spirotrichea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spirotrichea (a lap nem létezik)">Spirotrichea</a>, más néven Polyhymenophorea és a mára felbontott <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holotricha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holotricha (a lap nem létezik)">Kinetofragmophora</a> mellett.<sup id="cite_ref-Puytorac_et_al_1974_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puytorac_et_al_1974-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morfológia"><span id="Morfol.C3.B3gia"></span>Morfológia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=2" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Morfológia"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Legtöbb csoportjukban a test csillói közel egyenlőek és gyakran sűrűn oszlanak el, míg a szájcsillók nem feltűnők, akár redukáltak is lehetnek, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peritrichia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peritrichia (a lap nem létezik)">Peritrichia</a> esetén fordított a helyzet.<sup id="cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl_2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Számos helyen elterjedtek. </p><p>Legtöbb fajuk aerob, de vannak anaerob fajai is.<sup id="cite_ref-Takeshita_2019_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takeshita_2019-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Az <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Astomatia</a> és a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hymenostomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hymenostomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Hymenostomatia</a> egyes száj nélküli tagjai nem rendelkeznek sejtszájjal és kapcsolódó szerkezetekkel.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitelka_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitelka-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paramecium_bursaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paramecium bursaria (a lap nem létezik)">Paramecium bursaria</a></i> endoszimbionta <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%B6ldmoszatok" title="Zöldmoszatok">zöldmoszatokkal</a> rendelkezik.<sup id="cite_ref-Spanner_2022_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spanner_2022-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Életmód"><span id=".C3.89letm.C3.B3d"></span>Életmód</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=3" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Életmód"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sok szabadon élő és szimbionta fajuk van. Legtöbbjük kisebb élőlényeket a csillók által a szájba helyező mikrofág, de számos más táplálkozási mód is van. Vannak például az Apostomatiában, a Peritrichiában, a Hymenostomatiában és az Astomatiában jobbára gerinctelenekben élő parazita és hisztofág fajai is.<sup id="cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl_2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Életciklus"><span id=".C3.89letciklus"></span>Életciklus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=4" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Életciklus"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrahymenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrahymenida (a lap nem létezik)">Tetrahymenida</a> egyes fajai összetett életciklusúak.<sup id="cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adl_2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrobaciszta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrobaciszta (a lap nem létezik)">Cisztát</a> képezhetnek, az Apostomatia például hosszú ideig cisztát képez gazdája vázán.<sup id="cite_ref-Souidenne_2016_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Souidenne_2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biológiai_kapcsolatok"><span id="Biol.C3.B3giai_kapcsolatok"></span>Biológiai kapcsolatok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=5" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Biológiai kapcsolatok"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Szimbiózis"><span id="Szimbi.C3.B3zis"></span>Szimbiózis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=6" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Szimbiózis"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egy ideiglenesen GW7-nek nevezett faja háromtagú szimbiózisban él két <a href="/wiki/Hidrogenosz%C3%B3ma" title="Hidrogenoszóma">hidrogenoszómaasszociált</a> endoszimbiontával, egyikük az <a href="/wiki/Alphaproteobacteria" title="Alphaproteobacteria">Alphaproteobacteria</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holospora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holospora (a lap nem létezik)">Holospora</a></i> nemzetséggel rokon tagja, a másik <a href="/wiki/Metanog%C3%A9nek" title="Metanogének">metanogén</a> archea. Ezek az <a href="/w/index.php?title=Em%C3%A9szt%C5%91_%C5%B1r%C3%B6cske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emésztő űröcske (a lap nem létezik)">emésztő űröcske</a> közelében vannak, a hidrogenoszómákkal határosak.<sup id="cite_ref-Takeshita_2019_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takeshita_2019-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Betegségek"><span id="Betegs.C3.A9gek"></span>Betegségek</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=7" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Betegségek"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Az Oligohymenophorea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scuticociliatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scuticociliatia (a lap nem létezik)">Scuticociliatia</a> csoportjába tartozó fajok okozzák többek közt a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korallbarnas%C3%A1v-betegs%C3%A9g&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korallbarnasáv-betegség (a lap nem létezik)">korallbarnasáv-betegséget</a>. A beteg korallokban élet- és fotoszintézisre képesek maradnak a <i><a href="/wiki/Symbiodinium" title="Symbiodinium">Symbiodinium</a></i> nemzetség tagjai, lehetővé téve e csillósnak az így szerzett anyagok hasznosítását.<sup id="cite_ref-Bourne_2007_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bourne_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A csillós másodlagosan is kerülhet a korallba annak megbetegedése után, nagy csillóssűrűség esetén azonban e csoport tagjai a szövetveszteség elsődleges okaivá válhatnak a páncélos ostorosok folyamatos elvesztése miatt.<sup id="cite_ref-Bourne_2007_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bourne_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vannak a Peritrichában halpatogén fajok.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i><a href="/wiki/Zoothamnium" title="Zoothamnium">Zoothamnium</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Feketekopolty%C3%BA-betegs%C3%A9g" title="Feketekopoltyú-betegség">feketekopoltyú</a>-<sup id="cite_ref-Lightner1975_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lightner1975-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vagy felszíni tömődéses betegségeket okoz,<sup id="cite_ref-Kerala_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kerala-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> és csökkenti gazdája szaporodási képességeit.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson2009_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson2009-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Előrejelzés"><span id="El.C5.91rejelz.C3.A9s"></span>Előrejelzés</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=8" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Előrejelzés"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egyes <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C5%B1t%C5%91torony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hűtőtorony (a lap nem létezik)">hűtőtornyokban</a> a <i><a href="/wiki/Legionella" title="Legionella">Legionella</a></i>- vagy <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brevundimonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brevundimonas (a lap nem létezik)">Brevundimonas</a></i>-fajok jelenléte vagy a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudomonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudomonas (a lap nem létezik)">Pseudomonas</a></i>-fajok hiánya összefügg az Oligohymenophorea-fajok jelenlétével.<sup id="cite_ref-Paranjape_2020_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paranjape_2020-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetika">Genetika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=9" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Genetika"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Az UAA és UAG <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stopkodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stopkodon (a lap nem létezik)">stopkodonok</a> az Oligohymenophorea egy nem tenyésztett, ideiglenesen PL0344-nek nevezett fajában <a href="/wiki/Lizin" title="Lizin">lizint</a>, illetve <a href="/wiki/Glutaminsav" title="Glutaminsav">glutaminsavat</a> kódolnak, míg az UGA mennyisége egy vizsgált leolvasási keretben magasabb, feltehetően a káros hatások csökkentéséhez. Ennek magi genomja 69 715 444 bp hosszú, 3671 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontig (a lap nem létezik)">kontigból</a> áll, <a href="/wiki/GC-tartalom" title="GC-tartalom">GC-tartalma</a> 30,6%, 20 141 gént (ebből 7080 egyexonos gént) és 22 084 transzkriptumot kódol, míg mitokondriális genomja 35 635 bp, GC-tartalma 25,33%, végén ismétlődő szakaszok vannak. A magi gének GC-tartalma 34,12%.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowan_2023_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowan_2023-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> E faj legközelebbi névvel rendelkező rokona <a href="/w/index.php?title=18S_rRNS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="18S rRNS (a lap nem létezik)">18S rRNS</a>-összehasonlítás alapján a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinetochilum_margaritaceum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinetochilum margaritaceum (a lap nem létezik)">Cinetochilum margaritaceum</a></i>, rRNS-eik 96,03%-ban egyeznek.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowan_2023_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowan_2023-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alkalmazás"><span id="Alkalmaz.C3.A1s"></span>Alkalmazás</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=10" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Alkalmazás"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i><a href="/wiki/Papucs%C3%A1llatka" title="Papucsállatka">Paramecium</a></i> a leginkább tanulmányozott csillósnemzetség. Halivadék-táplálékként használják,<sup id="cite_ref-Modeo_2020_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Modeo_2020-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> de baktériumvektor – a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paramecium_caudatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paramecium caudatum (a lap nem létezik)">Paramecium caudatum</a></i> a <a href="/wiki/Zebrad%C3%A1ni%C3%B3" title="Zebradánió">zebradánióban</a> növeli a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_marinum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mycobacterium marinum (a lap nem létezik)">Mycobacterium marinum</a></i> és a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mycobacterium_chelonae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mycobacterium chelonae (a lap nem létezik)">Mycobacterium chelonae</a></i> vektora,<sup id="cite_ref-Peterson_2013_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peterson_2013-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paramecium_multimacronucleatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paramecium multimacronucleatum (a lap nem létezik)">Paramecium multimacronucleatum</a></i> a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trichorickettsia_mobilis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trichorickettsia mobilis (a lap nem létezik)">Trichorickettsia mobilisé</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Modeo_2020_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Modeo_2020-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonómia"><span id="Taxon.C3.B3mia"></span>Taxonómia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=11" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Taxonómia"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/WoRMS" class="mw-redirect" title="WoRMS">WoRMS</a> az alábbi alosztályait és rendjeit különbözteti meg:<sup id="cite_ref-WoRMS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WoRMS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Apostomatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostomatida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostomatida (a lap nem létezik)">Apostomatida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astomatophorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astomatophorida (a lap nem létezik)">Astomatophorida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pilisuctorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pilisuctorida (a lap nem létezik)">Pilisuctorida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Astomatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astomatida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astomatida (a lap nem létezik)">Astomatida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hymenostomatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hymenostomatia (a lap nem létezik)">Hymenostomatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ophryoglenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ophryoglenida (a lap nem létezik)">Ophryoglenida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hymenostomatida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hymenostomatida (a lap nem létezik)">Hymenostomatida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrahymenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrahymenida (a lap nem létezik)">Tetrahymenida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peniculia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peniculia (a lap nem létezik)">Peniculia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peniculida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peniculida (a lap nem létezik)">Peniculida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peritrichia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peritrichia (a lap nem létezik)">Peritrichia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobilida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobilida (a lap nem létezik)">Mobilida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sessilida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sessilida (a lap nem létezik)">Sessilida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scuticociliatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scuticociliatia (a lap nem létezik)">Scuticociliatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philasterida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philasterida (a lap nem létezik)">Philasterida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleuronematida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleuronematida (a lap nem létezik)">Pleuronematida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thigmotrichida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thigmotrichida (a lap nem létezik)">Thigmotrichida</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jegyzetek">Jegyzetek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=12" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Jegyzetek"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Puytorac_et_al_1974-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Puytorac_et_al_1974_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Puytorac_et_al_1974_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Puytorac P, Batisse A, Bohatier J, Corliss JO, Deroux G, Didier P, Dragesco J, Fryd-Versavel G, Grain J, Grolière C-A, Hovasse R, Iftode F, Laval M, Rogue M, Savoie A, Tuffrau M (1974). „Proposition d'une classification du phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901”. <i>Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris</i> <b>278</b>, 2799–2802. o.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Proposition+d%27une+classification+du+phylum+Ciliophora+Doflein%2C+1901&rft.jtitle=Comptes+Rendus+de+l%27Acad%C3%A9mie+des+Sciences+de+Paris&rft.date=1974&rft.volume=278&rft.au=Puytorac+P%2C+Batisse+A%2C+Bohatier+J%2C+Corliss+JO%2C+Deroux+G%2C+Didier+P%2C+Dragesco+J%2C+Fryd-Versavel+G%2C+Grain+J%2C+Groli%C3%A8re+C-A%2C+Hovasse+R%2C+Iftode+F%2C+Laval+M%2C+Rogue+M%2C+Savoie+A%2C+Tuffrau+M"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WoRMS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-WoRMS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WoRMS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=162991"><i>Oligohymenophorea</i></a>. <i>WoRMS</i>. <a href="/wiki/A_Tengeri_%C3%89l%C5%91l%C3%A9nyek_Vil%C3%A1gkatal%C3%B3gusa" title="A Tengeri Élőlények Világkatalógusa">World Register of Marine Species</a>. (Hozzáférés: 2019. január 7.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zhang_2022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Zhang_2022_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Zhang G, Sheng Y, Liu Y, Cao X, Al-Farraj SA, Vďačný P, Pan H (2022. november 28.). „Integrative studies on three new freshwater Amphileptus species (Ciliophora, Pleurostomatida) discovered in northern China”. <i>Mar Life Sci Technol</i> <b>4</b> (4), 452–470. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42995-022-00143-0">10.1007/s42995-022-00143-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37078086">37078086</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10077290/">10077290</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Integrative+studies+on+three+new+freshwater+Amphileptus+species+%28Ciliophora%2C+Pleurostomatida%29+discovered+in+northern+China&rft.jtitle=Mar+Life+Sci+Technol&rft.date=2022-11-28&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.au=Zhang+G%2C+Sheng+Y%2C+Liu+Y%2C+Cao+X%2C+Al-Farraj+SA%2C+V%C4%8Fa%C4%8Dn%C3%BD+P%2C+Pan+H&rft_id=info:pmid/37078086&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs42995-022-00143-0"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adl_2019-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adl_2019_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Adl SM, Bass D, Lane CE, Lukeš J, Schoch CL, Smirnov A, Agatha S, Berney C, Brown MW, Burki F, Cárdenas P, Čepička I, Chistyakova L, Del Campo J, Dunthorn M, Edvardsen B, Eglit Y, Guillou L, Hampl V, Heiss AA, Hoppenrath M, James TY, Karnkowska A, Karpov S, Kim E, Kolisko M, Kudryavtsev A, Lahr DJG, Lara E, Le Gall L, Lynn DH, Mann DG, Massana R, Mitchell EAD, Morrow C, Park JS, Pawlowski JW, Powell MJ, Richter DJ, Rueckert S, Shadwick L, Shimano S, Spiegel FW, Torruella G, Youssef N, Zlatogursky V, Zhang Q (2019. január). „Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes”. <i>J Eukaryot Microbiol</i> <b>66</b> (1), 4–119. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691">10.1111/jeu.12691</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30257078">30257078</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6492006/">6492006</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Revisions+to+the+Classification%2C+Nomenclature%2C+and+Diversity+of+Eukaryotes&rft.jtitle=J+Eukaryot+Microbiol&rft.date=2019&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.au=Adl+SM%2C+Bass+D%2C+Lane+CE%2C+Luke%C5%A1+J%2C+Schoch+CL%2C+Smirnov+A%2C+Agatha+S%2C+Berney+C%2C+Brown+MW%2C+Burki+F%2C+C%C3%A1rdenas+P%2C+%C4%8Cepi%C4%8Dka+I%2C+Chistyakova+L%2C+Del+Campo+J%2C+Dunthorn+M%2C+Edvardsen+B%2C+Eglit+Y%2C+Guillou+L%2C+Hampl+V%2C+Heiss+AA%2C+Hoppenrath+M%2C+James+TY%2C+Karnkowska+A%2C+Karpov+S%2C+Kim+E%2C+Kolisko+M%2C+Kudryavtsev+A%2C+Lahr+DJG%2C+Lara+E%2C+Le+Gall+L%2C+Lynn+DH%2C+Mann+DG%2C+Massana+R%2C+Mitchell+EAD%2C+Morrow+C%2C+Park+JS%2C+Pawlowski+JW%2C+Powell+MJ%2C+Richter+DJ%2C+Rueckert+S%2C+Shadwick+L%2C+Shimano+S%2C+Spiegel+FW%2C+Torruella+G%2C+Youssef+N%2C+Zlatogursky+V%2C+Zhang+Q&rft_id=info:pmid/30257078&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjeu.12691"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Takeshita_2019-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Takeshita_2019_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Takeshita_2019_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Takeshita K, Yamada T, Kawahara Y, Narihiro T, Ito M, Kamagata Y, Shinzato N (2019. november 27.). „Tripartite Symbiosis of an Anaerobic Scuticociliate with Two Hydrogenosome-Associated Endosymbionts, a Holospora-Related Alphaproteobacterium and a Methanogenic Archaeon”. <i>Appl Environ Microbiol</i> <b>85</b> (24), e00854-19. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00854-19">10.1128/AEM.00854-19</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31585988">31585988</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6881808/">6881808</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tripartite+Symbiosis+of+an+Anaerobic+Scuticociliate+with+Two+Hydrogenosome-Associated+Endosymbionts%2C+a+Holospora-Related+Alphaproteobacterium+and+a+Methanogenic+Archaeon&rft.jtitle=Appl+Environ+Microbiol&rft.date=2019-11-27&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=24&rft.au=Takeshita+K%2C+Yamada+T%2C+Kawahara+Y%2C+Narihiro+T%2C+Ito+M%2C+Kamagata+Y%2C+Shinzato+N&rft_id=info:pmid/31585988&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00854-19"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pitelka-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Pitelka_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Pitelka, D. R. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yRfLBAAAQBAJ&dq=Astomatida&pg=PA189">Electron-Microscopic Structure of Protozoa</a></i>, 189. o. (2013. október 22.). <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyvforr%C3%A1sok/9781483184746" title="Speciális:Könyvforrások/9781483184746">ISBN 9781483184746</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Electron-Microscopic+Structure+of+Protozoa&rft.aulast=Pitelka&rft.aufirst=D.+R&rft.date=2013-10-22&rft.isbn=9781483184746&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyRfLBAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DAstomatida%26pg%3DPA189"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spanner_2022-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Spanner_2022_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Spanner C, Darienko T, Filker S, Sonntag B, Pröschold T (2022. október 27.). „Morphological diversity and molecular phylogeny of five Paramecium bursaria (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) syngens and the identification of their green algal endosymbionts”. <i>Sci Rep</i> <b>12</b>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22284-z">10.1038/s41598-022-22284-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36302793">36302793</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9613978/">9613978</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Morphological+diversity+and+molecular+phylogeny+of+five+Paramecium+bursaria+%28Alveolata%2C+Ciliophora%2C+Oligohymenophorea%29+syngens+and+the+identification+of+their+green+algal+endosymbionts&rft.jtitle=Sci+Rep&rft.date=2022-10-27&rft.volume=12&rft.au=Spanner+C%2C+Darienko+T%2C+Filker+S%2C+Sonntag+B%2C+Pr%C3%B6schold+T&rft_id=info:pmid/36302793&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41598-022-22284-z"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Souidenne_2016-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Souidenne_2016_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Souidenne D, Florent I, Dellinger M, Justine JL, Romdhane MS, Furuya H, Grellier P (2016. augusztus 17.). „Diversity of apostome ciliates, Chromidina spp. (Oligohymenophorea, Opalinopsidae), parasites of cephalopods of the Mediterranean Sea”. <i>Parasite</i> <b>23</b>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2016033">10.1051/parasite/2016033</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27530149">27530149</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988119/">4988119</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Diversity+of+apostome+ciliates%2C+Chromidina+spp.+%28Oligohymenophorea%2C+Opalinopsidae%29%2C+parasites+of+cephalopods+of+the+Mediterranean+Sea&rft.jtitle=Parasite&rft.date=2016-08-17&rft.volume=23&rft.au=Souidenne+D%2C+Florent+I%2C+Dellinger+M%2C+Justine+JL%2C+Romdhane+MS%2C+Furuya+H%2C+Grellier+P&rft_id=info:pmid/27530149&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2Fparasite%2F2016033"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bourne_2007-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Bourne_2007_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bourne_2007_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Bourne DG, Boyett HV, Henderson ME, Muirhead A, Willis BL (2007. december 14.). „Identification of a ciliate (Oligohymenophorea: Scuticociliatia) associated with brown band disease on corals of the Great Barrier Reef”. <i>Appl Environ Microbiol</i> <b>74</b> (3), 883–888. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01124-07">10.1128/AEM.01124-07</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18083868">18083868</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2227702/">2227702</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+ciliate+%28Oligohymenophorea%3A+Scuticociliatia%29+associated+with+brown+band+disease+on+corals+of+the+Great+Barrier+Reef&rft.jtitle=Appl+Environ+Microbiol&rft.date=2007-12-14&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.au=Bourne+DG%2C+Boyett+HV%2C+Henderson+ME%2C+Muirhead+A%2C+Willis+BL&rft_id=info:pmid/18083868&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01124-07"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Esch GW, Hazen TC, Dimock RV, Gibbons JW (1976). „Thermal effluent and the epizootiology of the ciliate <i>Epistylis</i> and the bacterium <i>Aeromonas</i> in association with centrarchid fish”. <i>Transactions of the American Microscopical Society</i> <b>95</b> (4), 687–693. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3225393">10.2307/3225393</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3225393">3225393</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Thermal+effluent+and+the+epizootiology+of+the+ciliate+%27%27Epistylis%27%27+and+the+bacterium+%27%27Aeromonas%27%27+in+association+with+centrarchid+fish&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Microscopical+Society&rft.date=1976&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=4&rft.au=Esch+GW%2C+Hazen+TC%2C+Dimock+RV%2C+Gibbons+JW&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F3225393"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-Pickering-1985">Pickering, A. D. (1985). „Differences in the susceptibility of brown trout, <i>Salmo trutta</i> L., and American brook trout, <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> (Mitchill), to infestation by the peritrich ciliate, <i>Scyphidia</i> sp.” (angol nyelven). <i>Journal of Fish Biology</i> <b>26</b> (2), 201–208. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04257.x">10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04257.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1095-8649">1095-8649</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Differences+in+the+susceptibility+of+brown+trout%2C+%27%27Salmo+trutta%27%27+L.%2C+and+American+brook+trout%2C+%27%27Salvelinus+fontinalis%27%27+%28Mitchill%29%2C+to+infestation+by+the+peritrich+ciliate%2C+%27%27Scyphidia%27%27+sp.&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.date=1985&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.aufirst=A.+D.&rft.pages=201%E2%80%93208&rft.issn=1095-8649&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.1985.tb04257.x"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lightner1975-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lightner1975_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-Lightner-1975">Lightner, D.V. (1975). „Some Forms of Gill Disease in Penaeid Shrimp”. <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting - World Mariculture Society</i> <b>6</b> (1–4), 347–365. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1975.tb00030.x">10.1111/j.1749-7345.1975.tb00030.x</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Some+Forms+of+Gill+Disease+in+Penaeid+Shrimp&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+Meeting+-+World+Mariculture+Society&rft.date=1975&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1%E2%80%934&rft.aulast=Lightner&rft.aufirst=D.V.&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1749-7345.1975.tb00030.x"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kerala-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kerala_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://celkau.in/Fisheries/CultureFisheries/Shrimps/dismagt.aspx"><i>Disease Management</i></a>. <i>Centre for e-Learning</i>. Kerala Agricultural University. (Hozzáférés: 2018. április 18.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson2009-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Johnson2009_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-Johnson-2009">Johnson, S.K. (2009). „Ectocommensals and parasites of shrimp from Texas Rearing Ponds”. <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting - World Mariculture Society</i> <b>5</b>, 251. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1974.tb00194.x">10.1111/j.1749-7345.1974.tb00194.x</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ectocommensals+and+parasites+of+shrimp+from+Texas+Rearing+Ponds&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+Meeting+-+World+Mariculture+Society&rft.date=2009&rft.volume=5&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=S.K.&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1749-7345.1974.tb00194.x"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paranjape_2020-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Paranjape_2020_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Paranjape K, Bédard É, Shetty D, Hu M, Choon FCP, Prévost M, Faucher SP (2020. november 12.). „Unravelling the importance of the eukaryotic and bacterial communities and their relationship with Legionella spp. ecology in cooling towers: a complex network”. <i>Microbiome</i> <b>8</b>, 157. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00926-6">10.1186/s40168-020-00926-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33183356">33183356</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7664032/">7664032</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Unravelling+the+importance+of+the+eukaryotic+and+bacterial+communities+and+their+relationship+with+Legionella+spp.+ecology+in+cooling+towers%3A+a+complex+network&rft.jtitle=Microbiome&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft.volume=8&rft.au=Paranjape+K%2C+B%C3%A9dard+%C3%89%2C+Shetty+D%2C+Hu+M%2C+Choon+FCP%2C+Pr%C3%A9vost+M%2C+Faucher+SP&rft_id=info:pmid/33183356&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs40168-020-00926-6"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGowan_2023-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-McGowan_2023_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McGowan_2023_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">McGowan J, Kilias ES, Alacid E, Lipscombe J, Jenkins BH, Gharbi K, Kaithakottil GG, Macaulay IC, McTaggart S, Warring SD, Richards TA, Hall N, Swarbreck D (2023. október 5.). „Identification of a non-canonical ciliate nuclear genetic code where UAA and UAG code for different amino acids”. <i>PLoS Genet</i> <b>19</b> (10), e1010913. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010913">10.1371/journal.pgen.1010913</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37796765">37796765</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10553269/">10553269</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+non-canonical+ciliate+nuclear+genetic+code+where+UAA+and+UAG+code+for+different+amino+acids&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Genet&rft.date=2023-10-05&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.au=McGowan+J%2C+Kilias+ES%2C+Alacid+E%2C+Lipscombe+J%2C+Jenkins+BH%2C+Gharbi+K%2C+Kaithakottil+GG%2C+Macaulay+IC%2C+McTaggart+S%2C+Warring+SD%2C+Richards+TA%2C+Hall+N%2C+Swarbreck+D&rft_id=info:pmid/37796765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1010913"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modeo_2020-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Modeo_2020_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Modeo_2020_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Modeo L, Salvetti A, Rossi L, Castelli M, Szokoli F, Krenek S, Serra V, Sabaneyeva E, Di Giuseppe G, Fokin SI, Verni F, Petroni G (2020. április 23.). „"Candidatus Trichorickettsia mobilis", a Rickettsiales bacterium, can be transiently transferred from the unicellular eukaryote Paramecium to the planarian Dugesia japonica”. <i>PeerJ</i> <b>8</b>, e8977. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8977">10.7717/peerj.8977</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32351785">32351785</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22Candidatus+Trichorickettsia+mobilis%22%2C+a+Rickettsiales+bacterium%2C+can+be+transiently+transferred+from+the+unicellular+eukaryote+Paramecium+to+the+planarian+Dugesia+japonica&rft.jtitle=PeerJ&rft.date=2020-04-23&rft.volume=8&rft.au=Modeo+L%2C+Salvetti+A%2C+Rossi+L%2C+Castelli+M%2C+Szokoli+F%2C+Krenek+S%2C+Serra+V%2C+Sabaneyeva+E%2C+Di+Giuseppe+G%2C+Fokin+SI%2C+Verni+F%2C+Petroni+G&rft_id=info:pmid/32351785&rft_id=info:doi/10.7717%2Fpeerj.8977"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peterson_2013-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Peterson_2013_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book citation" style="font-style:normal">Peterson TS, Ferguson JA, Watral VG, Mutoji KN, Ennis DG, Kent ML (2013. november 6.). „Paramecium caudatum enhances transmission and infectivity of Mycobacterium marinum and M. chelonae in zebrafish Danio rerio”. <i>Dis Aquat Organ</i> <b>106</b> (3), 229–39. o. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02649">10.3354/dao02649</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed-azonosító" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24192000">24192000</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4155924/">4155924</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Paramecium+caudatum+enhances+transmission+and+infectivity+of+Mycobacterium+marinum+and+M.+chelonae+in+zebrafish+Danio+rerio&rft.jtitle=Dis+Aquat+Organ&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.au=Peterson+TS%2C+Ferguson+JA%2C+Watral+VG%2C+Mutoji+KN%2C+Ennis+DG%2C+Kent+ML&rft_id=info:pmid/24192000&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fdao02649"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fordítás"><span id="Ford.C3.ADt.C3.A1s"></span>Fordítás</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligohymenophorea&action=edit&section=13" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Fordítás"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ez a szócikk részben vagy egészben az <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea" class="extiw" title="en:Oligohymenophorea">Oligohymenophorea</a></i> című angol Wikipédia-szócikk <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligohymenophorea?oldid=1238148434">ezen változatának</a> fordításán alapul.</span> Az eredeti cikk szerkesztőit annak laptörténete sorolja fel. 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