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mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Sultiam rootpage-Sultiam skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Lompat ke isi</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Sultiam&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Sultiam&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Sultiam&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Sultiam&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sultiam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. 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lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sultiame" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D" title="סולטיאם – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סולטיאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultiame" title="Sultiame – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sultiame" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultiam" title="Sultiam – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" 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style="text-align: left; font-size: 88%; width: 22em; line-height: 1.5em"> <caption style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold">Sultiam </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sultiame.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sultiame.svg/220px-Sultiame.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sultiame.svg/330px-Sultiame.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sultiame.svg/440px-Sultiame.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="634" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: center">Nama sistematis (<a href="/wiki/Tata_nama_International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata nama International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">IUPAC</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size:11px">4-(1,1-dioksotiazinan-2-il)benzenasulfonamida</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: center">Data klinis </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tatanama_Obat#Nama_Dagang" title="Tatanama Obat">Nama dagang</a> </th> <td>Ospolot </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Society_of_Health-System_Pharmacists&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (halaman belum tersedia)">AHFS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Drugs.com" title="Drugs.com">Drugs.com</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/international/sultiame.html">International Drug Names</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kategori_kehamilan" title="Kategori kehamilan">Kat. kehamilan</a> </th> <td>D<small>(<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">AU</a>) </small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regulasi_barang_terapi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regulasi barang terapi (halaman belum tersedia)">Status hukum</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_for_the_Uniform_Scheduling_of_Drugs_and_Poisons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (halaman belum tersedia)">Harus dengan resep dokter (S4)</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">AU</a>) </small><a href="/wiki/Obat_resep" title="Obat resep">POM</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">UK</a>) </small><a href="/wiki/Obat_resep" title="Obat resep"><span class="Unicode">℞</span><small>-only</small></a><small> (<a href="/wiki/United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="United States">US</a>) </small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rute_pemberian_obat" class="mw-redirect" title="Rute pemberian obat">Rute</a> </th> <td>Oral </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: center">Data farmakokinetik </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bioavailabilitas" title="Bioavailabilitas">Bioavailabilitas</a> </th> <td>100% (oral) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ikatan_protein_plasma" title="Ikatan protein plasma">Ikatan protein</a> </th> <td>29% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Metabolisme_obat" title="Metabolisme obat">Metabolisme</a> </th> <td>Sekresi <a href="/wiki/Hati" title="Hati">hati</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh_biologis" title="Waktu paruh biologis">Waktu paruh</a> </th> <td>24 jam </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ekskresi" title="Ekskresi">Ekskresi</a> </th> <td>Feses (10%) dan <a href="/wiki/Ginjal" title="Ginjal">ginjal</a> (90%) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: center">Pengenal </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nomor_CAS" title="Nomor CAS">Nomor CAS</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2009/MB_cgi?term=61-56-3&rn=1">61-56-3</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">Kode ATC</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATC_code_N03&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATC code N03 (halaman belum tersedia)">N03</a><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=N03AX03">AX03</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5356">CID 5356</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB08329">DB08329</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.5163">5163</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fdasis.nlm.nih.gov/srs/srsdirect.jsp?regno=I00Q766CZ2">I00Q766CZ2</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kegg.jp/entry/D01787">D01787</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/CHEMBL328560">CHEMBL328560</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: center">Data kimia </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rumus_kimia" title="Rumus kimia">Rumus</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon"><span style="color: rgb(000,000,000); font-weight: bold;">C</span></a><sub>10</sub><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen"><span style="color: rgb(77,77,77); font-weight: bold;">H</span></a><sub>14</sub><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,128); font-weight: bold;">N</span></a><sub>2</sub><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen"><span style="color: rgb(116,35,35); font-weight: bold;">O</span></a><sub>4</sub><a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang"><span style="color: rgb(114,97,31); font-weight: bold;">S</span></a><sub>2</sub><sup> </sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/SMILES" title="SMILES">SMILES</a> </th> <td><span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/search?t=ex&q=O%3DS2%28%3DO%29N%28c1ccc%28cc1%29S%28%3DO%29%28%3DO%29N%29CCCC2">eMolecules</a></span> & <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/?smarts=O%3DS2%28%3DO%29N%28c1ccc%28cc1%29S%28%3DO%29%28%3DO%29N%29CCCC2">PubChem</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><p style="word-wrap: break-word;">InChI=1S/C10H14N2O4S2/c11-18(15,16)10-5-3-9(4-6-10)12-7-1-2-8-17(12,13)14/h3-6H,1-2,7-8H2,(H2,11,15,16)<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup><br />Key:HMHVCUVYZFYAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></p></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Sultiam</b> adalah <a href="/wiki/Sulfonamida" title="Sulfonamida">sulfonamida</a> dan penghambat enzim karbonat anhidrase. Obat ini digunakan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Antikejang" title="Antikejang">antikonvulsan</a> dan dalam penelitian terkini menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan dalam mengurangi gangguan pernapasan saat tidur dan gejala apnea tidur obstruktif (OSA) lainnya. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sultiam pertama kali disintesis di laboratorium <a href="/wiki/Bayer" title="Bayer">Bayer</a> AG pada pertengahan 1950-an dan akhirnya diluncurkan dengan merek Ospolot di Eropa dan pasar lain pada awal 1960-an. Obat ini tidak pernah terdaftar di Amerika Serikat. Merek tersebut dialihkan ke Desitin GmbH pada tahun 1993 dan dijual di beberapa negara Eropa, Jepang, dan Australia. </p><p>Sultiam menjadi obat lini kedua yang mapan untuk pengobatan <a href="/wiki/Epilepsi" title="Epilepsi">epilepsi</a> parsial pada tahun 1960-an dan 1970-an dan sering digunakan dalam kombinasi dengan antikonvulsan <a href="/wiki/Fenitoin" title="Fenitoin">fenitoin</a> yang sudah mapan. <a href="/wiki/Epilepsi_cuping_telinga_temporal" title="Epilepsi cuping telinga temporal">Epilepsi cuping telinga temporal</a> tampak sangat responsif terhadap sultiam. Keraguan kemudian muncul mengenai apakah sultiam memiliki sifat antikonvulsan intrinsik atau tidak. Setelah menemukan kemampuan sultiam untuk meningkatkan kadar fenitoin dalam darah, diasumsikan bahwa sultiam hanya akan bekerja dalam kombinasi dengan fenitoin. Temuan ini, bersama dengan hasil penelitian yang meragukan di Amerika Serikat,<sup id="cite_ref-Hansen_1968_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hansen_1968-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mengakibatkan penurunan penggunaan sultiam dengan cepat. Baru pada tahun 1988, ahli saraf anak Jerman Hermann Doose menemukan efek spesifiknya pada epilepsi fokal jinak pada masa kanak-kanak.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saat ini, sultiam adalah obat pilihan untuk epilepsi fokal jinak pada masa kanak-kanak (seperti epilepsi rolandik jinak) di negara-negara berbahasa Jerman.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indikasi">Indikasi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Indikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Indikasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Secara historis, sultiam telah digunakan untuk mengobati <a href="/wiki/Sawan" title="Sawan">sawan</a> parsial. Di Australia, saat ini obat ini terdaftar untuk gangguan perilaku yang terkait dengan epilepsi; perilaku hiperkinetik; epilepsi lobus temporal; sawan <a href="/wiki/Mioklonus" title="Mioklonus">mioklonus</a>; serangan <i>grand mal</i>; dan sawan Jacksonian.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Berbeda dengan obat sulfonamida lainnya, sultiam tidak memiliki aktivitas <a href="/wiki/Antibiotik" title="Antibiotik">antibakteri</a>. </p><p>Penelitian terbaru mengevaluasi sultiamin untuk apnea tidur dengan hasil positif awal.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sintesis">Sintesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Sintesis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sintesis"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Sultiame_synthesis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sultiame_synthesis.png/700px-Sultiame_synthesis.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sultiame_synthesis.png/1050px-Sultiame_synthesis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sultiame_synthesis.png/1400px-Sultiame_synthesis.png 2x" data-file-width="1557" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption>Sintesis sultiam: B. Helferich dan R. Behnisch, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:US_Patent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templat:US Patent (halaman belum tersedia)">Templat:US Patent</a> (1959).</figcaption></figure> <p>Sulfanilamida dapat direaksikan dengan ω-klorobutilsulfonil klorida dan <a href="/wiki/Natrium_karbonat" title="Natrium karbonat">natrium karbonat</a> cair untuk membentuk zat antara (tengah), yang secara spontan mengalami siklisasi untuk menghasilkan obat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultiam&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hansen_1968-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hansen_1968_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hansen JM, Kristensen M, Skovsted L (March 1968). "Sulthiame (Ospolot) as inhibitor of diphenylhydatoin metabolism". <i>Epilepsia</i>. <b>9</b> (1): 17–22. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1528-1157.1968.tb04954.x">10.1111/j.1528-1157.1968.tb04954.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4386877">4386877</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsia&rft.atitle=Sulthiame+%28Ospolot%29+as+inhibitor+of+diphenylhydatoin+metabolism&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=17-22&rft.date=1968-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1528-1157.1968.tb04954.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4386877&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.au=Kristensen%2C+M&rft.au=Skovsted%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASultiam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Doose H, Baier WK, Ernst JP, Tuxhorn I, Völzke E (October 1988). "Benign partial epilepsy--treatment with sulthiame". <i>Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology</i>. <b>30</b> (5): 683–4. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8749.1988.tb04809.x">10.1111/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04809.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2906619">2906619</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+Medicine+and+Child+Neurology&rft.atitle=Benign+partial+epilepsy--treatment+with+sulthiame&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=683-4&rft.date=1988-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1469-8749.1988.tb04809.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2906619&rft.aulast=Doose&rft.aufirst=H&rft.au=Baier%2C+WK&rft.au=Ernst%2C+JP&rft.au=Tuxhorn%2C+I&rft.au=V%C3%B6lzke%2C+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASultiam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Debus OM, Kurlemann G (February 2004). "Sulthiame in the primary therapy of West syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled add-on trial on baseline pyridoxine medication". <i>Epilepsia</i>. <b>45</b> (2): 103–8. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.0013-9580.2004.19003.x">10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.19003.x</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14738417">14738417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsia&rft.atitle=Sulthiame+in+the+primary+therapy+of+West+syndrome%3A+a+randomized+double-blind+placebo-controlled+add-on+trial+on+baseline+pyridoxine+medication&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=103-8&rft.date=2004-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0013-9580.2004.19003.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14738417&rft.aulast=Debus&rft.aufirst=OM&rft.au=Kurlemann%2C+G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASultiam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Koepp MJ, Patsalos PN, Sander JW (August 2002). "Sulthiame in adults with refractory epilepsy and learning disability: an open trial". <i>Epilepsy Research</i>. <b>50</b> (3): 277–82. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0920-1211%2802%2900054-2">10.1016/s0920-1211(02)00054-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12200218">12200218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsy+Research&rft.atitle=Sulthiame+in+adults+with+refractory+epilepsy+and+learning+disability%3A+an+open+trial&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=277-82&rft.date=2002-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0920-1211%2802%2900054-2&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12200218&rft.aulast=Koepp&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.au=Patsalos%2C+PN&rft.au=Sander%2C+JW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASultiam" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pharmalab.com.au/resources/5/Ospolot%20PI%20TAB002%20TAB003%20Version0804.pdf">Pharmalab Pty Ltd. <i>Product Information Ospolot (Sulthiame)</i>.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/oral-epilepsy-drug-eases-symptoms-osa-2024a1000h8l">Medscape <i>Oral Epilepsy Drug Eases Symptoms of OSA</i>.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18342415">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikon rintisan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg/25px-Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg/37px-Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg/50px-Coupe_d%27Hygie.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">Artikel bertopik <a href="/wiki/Farmasi" title="Farmasi">farmasi</a> ini adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rintisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Rintisan">rintisan</a>. 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